CM 0190 S STANDARD CHINESE A Modular Approach OPTIONAL MODULES: • Restaurant • Hotel • Post Office and Telephone • Car SPONSORED BY AGENCIES OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADIAN GOVERNMENTS This publication is to be used primarily in support of instructing military personnel as part of the Defense Language Program (resident and nonresident). Inquiries concerning the use of materials, including requests for copies, should be addressed to: Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center Nonresident Training Division Presidio of Monterey, CA 93944-5006 Topics in the areas of politics, international relations, mores, etc., which may be considered as controversial from some points of view, are sometimes included in the language instruction for DLIFLC students since military personnel may find themselves in positions where a clear understanding of conversations or written materials of this nature will be essential to their mission. The presence of controversial statements-whether real or apparent-in DLIFLC materials should not be construed as representing the opinions of the writers, the DLIFLC, or the Department of Defense. Actual brand names and businesses are sometimes cited in DLIFLC instructional materials to provide instruction in pronunciations and meanings. The selection of such proprietary terms and names is based solely on their value for instruction in the language. It does not constitute endorsement of any product or commercial enterprise, nor is it intended to invite a comparison with other brand names and businesses not mentioned. In DLIFLC publications, the words he, him, and/or his denote both masculine and feminine genders. This statement does not apply to translations of foreign language texts. The DLIFLC may not have full rights to the materials it produces. Purchase by the customer does net constitute authorization for reproduction, resale, or showing for profit. Generally, products distributed by the DLIFLC may be used in any not-for-profit setting without prior approval from the DLIFLC. PREFACE Standard Chinese: A Modular Approach originated in an interagency conference held at the Foreign Service Institute in August 1973 to address the need generally felt in the U.S. Government language training community for improving and updating Chinese materials to reflect current usage in Beijing and Taipei. The conference resolved to develop materials which were flexible enough in form and content to meet the requirements of a vide range of government agencies and academic institutions. A Project Board vas established consisting of representatives of the Central Intelligence Agency Language Learning Center, the Defense Language Institute, the State Department's Foreign Service Institute, the Cryptologic School of the National Security Agency, and the U.S. Office of Education, later Joined by the Canadian Forces Foreign Language School. The representatives have included Arthur T. McNeill, John Hopkins9 John Boag» and Hugh Clayton (CIA); Colonel John F, Elder III, Joseph C. Hutchinson, Ivy Gibian» Major Bernard Muller-Thym, and Colonel Roland W. Flemming (DLl); James R. Frith and John B. Ratliff III (FSI); Kazuo Shitama (NSA); Richard T. Thomson and Julia Petrov (OE)\ and Lieutenant Colonel George Kosoriz (CFFLS). The Project Board set up the Chinese Core Curriculum Project in 197^ in space provided at the Foreign Service Institute. Each of the six U.S. and Canadian government agencies provided funds and other assistance. Gerard P. Kok was appointed project coordinator, and a planning council was formed consisting of Mr. Kok, Frances Li of the Defense LangUjage Institute, Patricia 0fConnor of the University of Texas, Earl M. Rickerson of the Language Learning Center, and James Wrenn of Brown University. In the fall of 1977> Lucille A. Barole vas appointed deputy project coordinator. , David W. Dellinger of the Language Learning Center and Charles R. Sheehan of ' the Foreign Service Institute also served on the planning council and contributed material to the project. The planning council drew up the original overall design for the materials and met regularly to review their develojanent. Writers for the first half of the materials were John H. T. Harvey, Lucille A. Barale, and Roberta S. Barry, who worked in close cooperation with the planning council and with the Chinese staff of the Foreign Service Institute. Mr. Harvey developed the instructional formats of the conqprehen-sion and production self-study materials， and also designed the comnamica* tion-'based classroom activities and wrote the teacher1 s guides. Ms. Baxale and Ms. Barry wrote the tape scripts and the student text. From 1978 until the project1s completion, writers for the course were Ms. Barale and Thomas E. Madden. They revised the field-test editions of the first six core modules and acconxpanying optional modules, and produced the materials subsequent to Module 6. All Chinese language material vas prepared or selected by Chuan Ouyang Chaoy Yunhui Chao, Ying-chih Chen, Hsiao-Jung Chi, Eva Diao, Jan Hu, and Tsung-ml Li» assisted for part of the time by Leslie L. H. Chang, Chieh-fang Ou Lee» Ying-mlng Chen9 and Joseph Yu Hsu Wang. Anna Affholder, Mei-li Chen, and Henry Khuo helped in the preparation of a preliminary corpus of dialogues. Administrative assistance was provided at various times by Joseph Abraham» Vincent Basciano, Lisa A. Bowden, Jill W. Ellis, Donna Fong, Judith J. Kieda, Renee T. C. Liang, Susan C. Pola, Peggy Ann Spitzer, and Kathleen Strype. The production of tape recordings was directed "by Jose M. Ramirez of the Foreign Service Institute Recording Studio. The Chinese script vas voiced by Mr. Chang, Ms. Chao, Ms. Chen, Mr. Chen, Ms. Diao, Ms* Hu, Mr. Khuo» and Mr. Li. The English script vas read "by Ms. Barale, Ms, Barry, Mr. Basciano, Ms. Ellis, Mr. Madden» Ms. Pola, and Ms. Strype. The graphics vere originally produced by John McClelland of the Foreign Service Institute Audio-Visual staff, under the general supervision of Joseph A. Sadote, unit chief. Standard Chinese: A Modular Approach vas field-tested with the cooperation of Brown University, the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center» the Foreign Service Institute, the CIA Language Learning Center, the United States Air Force Academy* the University of Illinois9 and the University of Virginia. The Commandant of the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center authorized the support necessary to print this edition. TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface.............................Hi Hov to Study an Optional-Module.Tape ••••• ..... ••••• 1 Objectives for the Restaurant Module ••••••••••••••• 2 Unit 1: Part I...........................................U Part II................................8 Part III . . ...............................12 Unit Vocabulary List....................................l6 Unit 2: Part I ..........18 Part II............................................23 Part III...................... • • 28 Unit Vocabulary List ••..«•••* ..................32 Unit 3： Part I..................................................3k Part II............................................k2 Part III....................................U7 Unit Vocabulary List................ • • U9 ttait U: Part I........... • . .......................51 Part II...........................................58 Part III...............................62 Unit Vocabulary List • • ...............................65 Foods • ........... ......................67 Objectives for the Hotel Module.............. • • • 71 Unit 1: Part I.....................................72 Part II..................................................75 Part III................................................77 Part IV..................................................79 Unit Vocabulary List.....................8l Unit 2: Part I....................................83 Part II..................................................87 Part III................................................9i Part IV ..............................................95 Unit Vocabulary List •«»參♦•鲁♦♦參參參》鲁《參 97 Things in a Hotel Room ••••••••••••••••• 99 Objectives for the Post Office and Telephone Module..............101 Unit Is Part I.........................................102 Part II.........................................10k Part III................................................107 Part IV................................................no Unit Vocabulary List....................................113 Unit 2: Part I..................................................115 Part II................................................117 Part III................................................119 Part IV................................................121 Unit Vocabulary List....................................123 Objectives for the Car Module....................................125 Unit 1: Part I..................................126 Part II................................................130 Part III................................................135 Unit Vocabulary List ......... ••••••••• 138 Unit 2: Part I..................................................1U0 Part II................................................1U3 Part III..........................................il*7 Unit Vocabulary List....................................151 Parte of a Car..........................................153 Hov to Study an Optional-Module Tape The format of the optional modules is quite different from the format of the core modules 9 although both focus on vhat you need to know to deal vith particular practical situations. Each tape of an optional module is roughly equivalent to the five different tapes of a core-module unit, in the sense, at least， that it is intended as a self-contained presentation of a set of vords and structures • Actually, however, an optional-module tape is closer to a combination of the C-l and P-l tapes of a core-module unit with almost all explanations left in the notes• Moreover, an optional-module tape introduces considerably more vocabulary than a core-module unit. Each tape is divided into several parts. Each part introduces words and sentences, some of them for comprehension only, next reviews all production items, and then reviews conqprehension in extended dialogues• You may have found that you could work through the C-l and P-l tapes of a core-module unit a single time each, perhaps going back over a few sections once or twice* You are almost sure to find, however, that you need to work through an optional-module tape more than once, perhaps frequently backing up and frequently stopping to read the Notes. When a new word or sentence is introduced» there is a 'pause on the tape before you hear the Chinese. On your first time through the tape, you may use this pause to gīance at the word or sentence in the Reference List. On your next time through the tape, you may use it to try to say the Chinese» using the Chinese after the pause as a confirmation. In the dialogues at the end of each part, there are very short pauses "between sentences. These should be Just long enough for you to stop and start the tape without missing anything. Stop the tape whenever you want to think over the previous sentence or try to translate it* Objectives General The purpose of the Car Module is to provide you with the linguistic skills you need to use and take care of your car in everyday situations as veil as emergencies. Before starting the Car Module, you should have 終t Ifeaist completed the Transport at ion Module. • • Specific When you have finished this module, you should be able to: 1. Buy gasoline using the metric system to indicate quantity and ration coupons if necessary. Understand if the attendant offers you high-test or regular gas. 2. Tell an attendant that there isnft enough air in the tires. Ask for air to be put in the tires. 3- Tell an attendant the car windows need cleaning. h. Explain to a garage attendant where your car has developed problems lately: brakes, headlights, automatic transmission, gear shift, fan belt, exhaust pipe, and so on* 5- Ask for a regular maintenance check up for the car. 6. Tell someone you have a flat tire and whether or not you have a spare tire and tools. T. Tell someone that you got a traffic ticket and why. 8. State whether or not you have your driverfs license and car registration with you- 9. Ask in a collision situation if someone is injured. 10. Understand someone describe in simple terms the damage to their car resulting from an accident - 11. Ask a garage repairman to fix a car which has been in an accident. Find out hov long it will take-to fix it. Ask for an estimate on cost repairs。 Car Module, Unit 1 PART 工 1. You tu gou le. Qxng ni jiā There1 s not enough gas. ~dīan you. Please add some. 2. Jiā wǔshi gōngshēng ba. Add fifty liters. j ' 3. Zhěi shi sānzhāng ěrshi Here are three tventy liter gōngshēngde qiyou piao. gasoline coupons. Ik Luntāide qi bu zd. le. Qǐng ni The air in the tires isn't ~^"ylxia qi, hao T>u hao? enough, please put some air — in, all right? 5. Qichede b51i you diar zang. The vindovs are a little dirty. 6, Wo xiǎng cāyicā, Nlmen you I think 1*11 wipe it a bit. shuǐ ma? Do you have some water? 了. liaqltona zāi nHbiar. Nl The airpionp is there. Drive ba ahē Miguoqus wo l&i yoia* oar over and I'll gei ni da. give you some air. 8. Nl ybo jiā shenme y6u: aāo.H What kind of gas do you want qlyou haishi putono qlyōu^ to add: high grade gas or regular^ 9. Bdbl jiā man, slshi gōngshěng No need to fill it up, forty jiil gdu le. liters will be enough. NOTES ON PART I: oiyou piāo: Gasoline Coupons1. In the PRC, many commodities, such as cloth, food items, watches, bicycles, must "be "bought with money and ration coupons. zti： fto be enough, to be sufficient. f Lllntaide oi bu. zu le. is translated here as *The air in the tires isn^ enough.1 A more literal translation might be fThe air in the tires isnft enough anymore.f The negative tu used with a marker l£ for new situation ' expresses a negative condition that has recently come about. b5li: This word literally means •glass1, but is used here to refer to the windows of the car.. man: This is the adjectival verb fto be full1. Wo xiǎng cāyica*: fI think 1*11 wipe it a bit• 1 In the PRC gas stations sell gas only. Any minor servicing t'nat may be needed, such as cleaning windows and getting air for tires, may be don( by the driver himself. Any major servicing must be done at a repair garage. „ Peking: A: You bu gou le, qing ni jiā There1 s not enough gas, dian you. please add some. B: Nz yao jiā duSshao? How much do you want to add? A: Jiā wǔshi gōngshēng ba. Add fifty liters, B: Hao. Okay. A: Zhei shi sānzhāng ershi Here are three twenty,liter gōngshēngde qiyou piao. gasoline coupons. B: Wo gěi ni xiěxialai le, 工fll write it down for you, liushi gongshengde y6u a sixty liter gas coupon, piao, yongle wǔshi gong- you used fifty liters; there*s shēng, hai you shi gong- 、 still ten liters, shēng. A: Luntaide qt bu zv le. Qjng ni The air in the tires isnft da yixia qi, hao bu hao? enough，please put some air in, all right? • B: Hao. DaqitSng zai něi*biar. Okay. The air is over there. Ni "ba chē kaiguoqu, wo lai Drive your car over and 1，11 gěi ni da. give you some air. A: Xiěxie ni. Qīchēde *bcli ySu Thank you. The glass on the diar zāng. Wo xiǎng cāyica, car is a little dirty. I nǐmen you shuǐ ma? think Ifll wipe it a bit. Do you have some water? B: NeLr you shul, qing nY zijl The water is there. Please get na "ba. it yourself. Taipei: A: Qǐng ni gei wo jiā dian you. f Please add some gas for me. B: Ni yao jiā shenme y5u： gāojf What kind of gas do you want to qiyou haishi pǔtong qiy6u? add: high grade gas or regular? A: Pǔtongde, Bubi jiā man, sishi Regular. No need to fill it gōngshēng jiu gou ie. up, forty liters will "be enough. B: Yao bu yao kānkan jīyou D6 you want me to see if there’s gou bu gou? enough oil? A: Dui. Jiyou yě bū gou le, Thatfs right. There1s not enough Qing ni jiā dlǎn ba. oil either. Please add some. B: Jīyou jiāhao le. The oil is added. A: Aol Chezide boli tai zǎng le. Oh! The windows are really Qing ni bang wo cayicā, hao dirt”. ^7®ase help me vipe bu hao? it. B: Hao. Wo lāi gěi ni cā« Okay. Ifll wipe it for you. A: Xiěxie ni, duos hao qian? Thank you. How much is it? B: Qiyou vǔbai kuai qian, Jīyou The gas is 铒500，the oil is jiǔshi kuai , yigong vǔbai $90. Altogether it *s $590• jiushi kuai qian. A: Zhěi shi liūbǎi kuai qian, Herefs $600，keep the change, bū yong zhǎo le. B: D-uo xie, duo xie, zai Jiaii, Thank you, thank you. Good bye. notes after dialogue in PART I: Jiyou jiāhao le.:fThē oil is added., In the phrase jiāhao le, the vord hao used as the final element of a compound verb of result. It indicates that the action of the verb has been brought to a successful conclusion. This is discussed in Transportation, Unit 了. PART II 1. Wode che you diar m£o~bing le There1 s something vrong with my car. 2. ChangchānR xīhuǒ, zhin mafan. It often stalls. It1 s a real nuisance• 3- Shāchē "bu tāi ling. The "brakes are not too good. U. Qiantou you yige ding bu liang In the front one of the lights le. doesnft light up anymore. 5- Vode qiche yxjīng kāile sānqiān My car has already "been driven gōngli le; děi ~bǎoyǎng le. 3000 miles, I have to have a maintenance check-up. 6. WS qtng wSmen jtshu gongven Ifll ask our comrade mechanic tōngzht h&ohāode gSi ni to check it well for you. jiSnchd. 了. ntde che you māobing^ If there rs something wrong w6men gSi ni xiūli. with yoia* cars we 丨 11 fix it for you. 8, JiSndānde lingjibn w3men you. Simple parts we have. If I^igiio women meiyouj kiyi we donft have them，we ding. can order them. NOTES ON PART II maobing: This word is translated here as 1 something wrong1. Other translations might be: fdefectf, 1 flaw1, 1trouble1, or 1problem1• Tade diluishi chū maobing le. His television developed a problem. A second meaning for mooting is ^medical,problem1, 1 illness*. Wo shenme maobing yě měiyou. There is nothing wrong with me • A third meaning is f"bad habitf, fodd habit1. Ta maobing hen da. He is very fpickyf (odd). ling: This is the adjectival verb *to be sharp, keen*. It can "be used to describe people that are intelligent. It cah also be used to describe machinery that works well. Lao Vangde erzi hen ling. Lao Wangfs son is sharp. Zhěige jīqi hěi ling bu ling? Does .this machjine still vork well? liāng: fTo be bright1. A more literal translation of You yige dēng bu liang le* might "be 1 There is one lamp that does not light up anymore.f baoyang: ?To maintain1. This verb can "be used to talk about taking care of a person1 s body, as veil as maintaining machinery. Ni yiding děi "baoyang ziji. You have to take care of yourself. Tā gang shēngle haizi, dāifu After she had just given birth gāosu ta haohaorde baoyǎng. to a child, the doctor told her to take good care of herself. ling.1ian: 1 spare partsf or simply fparts1. Huan lingjian is *to exchange (something) for a spare part1. Peking: A: Wode che you diar maobing le. Therefs something vrong vith Qing nimen jianchā jiāncha. ray car. Would you please check it, B: You shenme maobing? What's the trouble? A: Changchang xlhuo, zhěn mafan. It often stalls. It fs a real nuisance. B: Changchang xlhuo. It often stalls. A: Hai you， shāche bu tai ling. Also, the brakes are not too ōu5 qiantou you yige deng good. Oh, in the front one bu liang le. of the lights doesnft light up anymore. B: Nide chē kāile duoshao How many kilometers have you gōngli le? driven your car? A: Wo kankan. Ou, yǐjing kāile Let me see. Oh, it already liSngwān vǔqiān yit&iduō been driven more tnan 25,100 gongll le. kilometers• B: Hao, wo q.ing women jishu Okay、工，11 ask our comrade gongren tongzhi haohaode mechanic to check it /thoroughly gěi ...ni jiancha, y5u maobingde for you. If something is difang gěi ni xiūhSo. wrong, he111 fix it. A: Rfiguo xuyao hu&n llngjian lf Jou need a spare .part nimen you *ba? you have it I sjappose? B: Kan shi shenme lingjian, youde That depends on vhat spaxe. part is vomen yǒu,^yǒude kěyi^xiǎng needed,.some we have, some we can banfa- Jianchale yihou zai figure out a way. Let's talk shuō "ba. about it after it *s been checked. ' A: Wode chi shenme stahou kěyi When will ray car "be ready? xiūhao? B: Rliguo měiyou da maobing, dagai If there are no big problems, Taipei: A: Wode qichē yījing kāile sanqiān 吻 car has already been driven g5ngli le; dei "bǎoyāng le. 3000 miles, I have to have a maintenance check up. B: You měiyou shenme wěnti? Are there any problems? A: Shāchē you diǎn "bū tāi ling. The brakes aren ft too good. B: Hai you biěde věnti ma? Are there other problems? A: You sbihou hai hui xīhuo, Sometimes it stalls, the right youbian houmiande dēng rear light doesn't light yě bu liang le. anymore either. B: Hao. Women xian gěi ni jiancha, Okay, first we*11 check it for Ruguo you maobing, gěi ni you. If there1 s something xiūli. Ruguo měiyou maobing, : vrong, 1 we*11 fix it for you. women gěi ni baoyǎng, baoyǎng. If nothing is vrong, we111 tune it up for you. A: Lingjian, nimen you měiyou? Do you have spare_ pajo-.s? B: Jiǎndānde lingjian women you. Sinrple^ spaxe parts we have• If Ruguo women měiyou, kěyi we don’t have them, we can ding. order them. A: Hao. Jiu qīng nǐmen Jiancha ba. Good. Then Ifll ask you to check, it. B: Women zhělide jishu gōngren Our mechanics here are very good, hen hao. Women yao tamen Wefll have them give you a hǎohāode gěi ni jiancha, good check-up and tune-up. bǎoyǎng • NOTES AFTER DIALOGUE IN PART II: You shihou hai hui xihuS>; You’ve seen that the auxiliary verb hui can mean 'know hov to，can，，as in Nǐ hui shu5 Yingven ir.a?. Here you see a different meaning: . flikely to happen, possible to 1 * happen, liable to happen1 Here is-: another example• Jintian hui xia yu ma? Is it likely to rain today? PART III 1. You yige luntāi bāo le. A tire has blown out, 2. Beitǎi, gōng.lu dou you. There's both a spare tire and tools. 3. Zāogāo! Yǐnalng fādong- Oh no! The engine vonft start buailai le! up! k. Women děi "ba che tuidao We111 have to push it over to lutiiārshang qu. the side of the road. 5. uiliana tuōche lāi) ba Have a tow truck aome and tow ahezi tuodao xiulihancf qu. it to the garage. NOTES AFTER PART III: bāo: ?To explode1, fto burst1. This is the verb to use when talking about a f"blov out1. Clf a tire has slowly gone flat, the verb to use'is biě, fto be flat, sunken, not full1. Luntāi biě le. D fādongbuqilai: fnot be able to start up1. Fadong is the verb !to set in motion，， fto start,♦ '-Qīlāi is the verb fto rise up， used as the final element in a compound verb of result• tuidao: Compound verbs vith -dao as the second syllable must "be followed by a location of some sort and often are also followed "by lai or qu, Bǎ xlngli nādao loushang qu. Take the bags upstairs. Ba chē kāidao lutiarshang qu. Drive the car to the side . of the road. Peking: As Zěnme le? Qiche bu zǒu le. What happened? The car von}t go anymore. B: You yige Itintāi bao le. A tire has "blovn out. A: Luntāi bao le, Cheshang you The tire，s flat. Are ther唸 a měiyou běitāi gen gōngju? spare tire and tools ^r the car? B: Beitāi， gongju d5u you. There?s both a spare tire and tools• A: Nā hao. Nǐ *bǎ chē kāidao That1 s good. You drive the lubiar qu, vomen lāi huan car over to the side of the luntāi • road and we fll change the tire. Oil B: Zāogāo! Yinqing fadong'- , no! The engine von,t start buqǐlāi lei ap! A: E! Yxnqing ye you went! le. Oh, no^ there1 s something the engine. B: Chē tlngzai da lǐishang bu xlng. , You canft stop the. car Women děi bǎ chi tuidao lu- in the middle of the road, biarshang qu. We’ll have to push it over to the side of the road. A: Tuidao lubiar yxhou, women qu After we push it to the side of the zhǎozhao zher fujin you měiyou the—road，we/ll go look and .see dianhua. Da dianhuā dāo tangōng- if there is a phone. Wefll shi qu, yao tāmen kāi chē lai call the office and have theiu bā wǒmende tuohuiiu. drive out and tov us back. B: Hao. Jiu zhěnme ban. Women xian Okay. Let !s do it that way. lāi tuī che "ba. let’s first push the car. Taipei: A: Bu hao le. You yige luntai' This is no good. A tire has tāo le. "blovn out. B: Luntāi bao le? Na .zěnme ban? A tire has gone flat, then Jiao yfliang tuochi 3 ěi , what do you do? Have a tow 1 bǎ che2i tuodao xiiālihang truck conre and tow it to qu? the repair garage. A: Bubi. Women cheshang you That *s not necessary. Our car gongju, ye you "beitāi• has tools and a spare tire. B: la zijǐ hiii huan ma? Can you change it yourself? A: Wo ziji kěyi huan. I can change it iqyself• B: Ni haishi xian kankan First look at the engine, can yǐnq£ng, něng bu neng it start? fādong? A: Kan! Yinqing fadongqilai le, Look. The car starts up. No měi went!. problem. B: Na hao. Ni ba chēzi kāidao That1 s good. You drive the car lubianshang qu huan chētāi. to the side of the road to ■ the tire. i A: Hao. W5 lai mānmānde bǎ che ' Okay. VH slovly drive the kāi dao lubianshang q.u. car to the side of the road. B: Tingzai zheli xing le. Women Parking it here vill *be okay, xiaqu huan chetāi ba. ' Let get out and change the tire. Vocabulary bao to explode bāoyang to have a maintenance checkup beitāi spare tire bu5li glass cā to wipe changchang often da to hit da qx to add air dSqlt<5ng air pwrtp dēng light lamp ding to order gaooV high grade gongjii tool g5ngshěng liter fādong to start, to mobilize jiSnahā to inspect^ to examine, to check jiUndān to be eimp le Jtōhū gōngren mechanic jtyōu machine oil -liStng (aoicnter for vehicles) liang to light up iSng to be sharp, to be keen lingjiStn parts lūntāi tire rruSn 七。fuZl maobing trouble, flaw, defect piao ticket, coupon * piitōng regular qi air qlyou gasoline shāche "brakes tuī to push 亡 to iow tuōdhe tew truck xihuS to stall xiūli to fixt to repair sriūlihāng repair garage yǐngqlng engine ygu oil, gasoline, fuel zāng to be dirty to be enough, to be sufficient Car Module• Unit 2 PART I 1. Yinwei wo chāo su le, wo nadaole Because I was speeding I yige fgkuandān• got a ticket. 2. W5 dai .liashi zhlzhao le. I brought my driver’s license. 3. Yě dai dēnpi.lizhěng le. And I "brought the car regis- tration too. U. Nlde ohezi yongde shi wai.Hao your oar has diplomatic věntfu&n v&izhho. plates• 5. lit shi waiHǎoQuan ma? Are you a diplomat? 6. Ui chao su le3 ā&i fakuan. You went over the speed limit, 1,11 have to fine you. 7. Dānzi houtou you ehuomina. On the back of the ticket is an explanation, 8. Ht dnzhho shuoming qii ban ba* You go take care of it according to the explanation. NOTES AFTER PART I: chao su: fTo speed1y more literally, 'to exceed the posted speed1 nadao le: Here you see another compound verb with -dao> But the addition of -dSo does not add the meaning of fto (someplace), as in tuidao lubiarshang qu. fpush it to the side of the road1, but rather adds the meaning of *to obtain, get1. Ni nadao nide huzhaLo le měiyou? Did you get your passport? dai: rhis is the verb 'to carry with one, to talte or bring with one、 It is sometimes used with the verb lai when the meaning is 'bring with oneT. Jintian wo wangle dai wode I forgot to bring my history lishl shii, \ooY today. Nī dai hāizi qule měiyou? Did you take the children with you? fākuǎn: This can be the verb fto issue a fine1 or the noun •a fine1. Fakuǎndan is literally. 1 fine-mǒney-ticket1. danzi: Here dānzi is used to refer to the traffic ticket, a short way of saying fakuǎndān* In other situations, danzi often means flist of;things 1• Here are some 'examples. Notice that the phrase %to make a list1 is kāi yige danzi, literally Jopen a listf. Měige Xīngqiliu vǒ chūqu mǎi Every Saturday before I go dongzci yiqian dou kai yige out to buy things, I make dānzi. a list. Ni neng bu neng bǎ ni yao mǎide Can you make a list of the shū kāi yige dānzi, books you want to buy? Taipei: A: Ni chao su le, zhīdao ma? You went over the speed limit, did you know? B: tChōo atl? Shenme shi chao sū? fChao suf! is 'chao su? * Wo bu dong. I donft understand. A: Chāo su jiu shi kāi che kāide fChao su丨 is driving yǒur car tai kuai le. too fast. B: Ou，wo lai Taibei "bu jiu, I haven"been in Taipei very hSn duo shi bu zhīdao. long* There are a lot of things Zhěn duibuqi. I don't know. Please excuse me. A: Nide chēzi yongde shi vaijiao Your car has diplomatic 'plates• renyuan pāizhāo, Nī shi Are you a diplomat? wāijiāoguān ma? B: Shide. Wo shi vaijiaoguǎn. Yes, Pm a diplomat. . A: Nī dai jiāshǐ zhizhao le Did you bring your driver1 s měiyou? license? B: Dai le. Zhěi shi Jiashī Yes, here’s the driverfs license. zh£zhao. A： Chězi dēngjizhěng ne? And the car registration? Did daile ma? yov. bring that too? E: Yě dai le. Yes. A: Nǐ chao su le, děi You vent over the speed limit, fakuan. 1*11 have to fine you. B: Wo nale fakuǎndan gāi After ī fve gotten the ticket zenme yangV what do I do? A: Danzi houtou you sbu5ming. On the "back of the ticket is Ni anzhao shuSming qu an explanation. Take care ban ba. of it according to the explanation, B: Hǎo. Okay. PART II ! 1. Aiy5u» zāogāo, women chiJUxg一: Ah, oh no, we've had a chē le. collision. 2. Ni shoushāng le měiyou? Are you injured? 3. Chūle ghēhuo le, vomen děi After a car accident, we should zhao -lǐngcha lai chul3!. find the police to come and take care of it. U. Women xiān kankan chēzi ba, Let1s look at the cars first, chuangde lihai bu lxhai. and see if they're hit badly. 5. Du, ōhěmen ōhuhnahuhi le. 0h3 the car door is damaged. 6* BaoxiSngang wān le9 ahětou The bumper is bent and the yě biě le. hood is dented. 了，讯de ōhězi Moxianle meiyoul j6 your car insured? 8- Chū sM y^hdus ohē měiyou After the accident，the 'car dbngcruo ba7 didn't moves did it? 9. }fo qu GongSnjū dS yige didńhna Ifm going to oall the qing tamen pāi Bureau of Public Safety jtngohā l&i ytqī- ohūlt, and ask them to send the Foreign Affairs Police to come and handle thia together with us. NOTES AFTER PART II: chuang: 'To bump', often pronounced zhuang• This verb often occurs with the resultative ending ^zhao’ *to meet, to touch, to come into contact with.* Zhěr difang tai xiaCj dōngxi tai It's too close in here， too duo. Zou lūde shihou, *bu shi many things. When you valk, chuangzhao zhuozi , jiu shi if you1 re not bumping into chuangzhao ylzi . tables , then you're "bumping into chairs. cnulǐ: }To manage9 to handle an affair, to take care of something.1 Wo bu hui chuli zhěijian shi. I can't take care of this matter. Neijian shi ta ch{j.ide hen hǎo. Ke managed that affair very well. chū chēhuo: ,To have a car accident1 % or more literally fjo produce a car disaster* • This is more serious than the phrase chu shi. Tā chū chēhuo ylh3u, hen jiu After he had the accident, it Jtngcha cal lii. was a long time until the police came. lihai:te severe•丨to be fierce1, ?seriously1 Tā blngde hen lihai. He is seriously ill. chu shi: fTo have an accident, to have something go wrong.1 This phrase is used to describe a serious, unpleasant hfppening, Tā jiā chū shi le, vomen Something has happened in qu kankan. his home, let's go see. (e.g., a robbery, an arrest) Taipei: A: Aiyōu, zāogāo, women chuang Alya, vhat a mess. We ve had a che le! Nǐ shoushāng le collision. Are you měiyou? injured? B: Hai hao, wo xiang vo měiyou Ifia okay. I don*t think I，m injured- shoushāng. Ni ne? And you? A: Wo iněiyou shi. 工，111 B: Chūle chēhuo le, women děi After a car accident, we should zhao Jingcha l£i ch^li. find the police to come and handle this. A: Dui, vo shi wāiguo rěn. Yes, Ifm a foreigner. We Women dagai yě děi zhǎo probably should also find waishi jingcha lai. the Foreign Affairs Police. ... Women xi an kankan Let fs look it the cars first, chēzi ba, chuangde lihai and see if they?re hit bu iīhai. badly. B: Ou, cheměn chuangfauti le. Oh, the car door is damaged. Nīde chēzi ne, chuangzai . And your car, where is it shenme difang? hit? 1 A: Wode bǎoxiǎngang wān le, My "biunper is bent and the chetou ye bi5 le. hood is dented. B: Nīde chē2i "bSoxianle měiyou? Is your car insured? A: WS baole xian, nide ne? Ifm insured, and yours? B: Wo ye you bao xian.' I have insurance too, A: Kan! Jingcha lai le. Look! The police are here. Peking： A: Nimen chuang chē le. Youfve had a collision. B: Dui, chǔle chēhuo le. Yes, thereTs been an accident. A: You měiyou rěn shoushāng? Is anyone injured? B: Hai hǎo. Women dou īr.ěi It fs all right. None of us shoushāng• are inj ured• A: Chū shi yǐhou, che měiyou After the accident, the cars dongguo ba? veren't moved were they? B: Chūle shi yǐhou, women jiu After the accident，we just xiaG.ai le. Chi měiyou got out. The cars were not dongguo. moved• A: Na hao. Chi chuangde lihai That fs good. Were the cars bu lihai ? dcunaged? B: Wode cheměn chuangbie le. My car door is dented. His Tāde baoxiangang chuangvān le. 'bumper is tent. The hood Chetou ye chuangt)ie le. is dented too. A: Nide chē bǎoxiǎn le ba? Your car is insured, I suppose? E: Eao le. car accident. Yes. A: Hao. Nimen dengyiděng. Wo Okay. Wait a moment. I*m gei Qongānj u da yige dianhua going to call the Bureau of qing tāmen pai Wāishi Jingcha Public Safety and ask them lai yiqi chiiir. to send the Foreign Affairs Police to come and handle this together. PART III 1. Wode chēzi you dian venti le. There1s something wrong vith Qǐng nǐmen xiūli xiūli. my car. Would you please repair it. 2. Zxdong paidang, 'biansuqi The automatic transmission and dou you diar xiao maobing. the gear shift. Both have something wrong. 3. Paiaiguan. fēngshān pidāi yě Please also check the exhaust qing nimen jiancha yixia. pipe and the fan belt. Yao jītian kěyi xiūhǎo? How many days will it take to fix? 5. Ni gū.1i ylxiā, dagai yao Can you estimate how much it duōshao qian? will probably be? 6. Nt kan^ pidiai sbna gāi Look the fan belt is loose， huan xlnde le. you should change it. 了. Chēměn děi xiūhao9 vēnaī: The door needs to be fixed， jīqi děi jianah&9 tiaozheng. and spray -painted; the engine needs to be checked and adjusted. 8. N% da hbuticcn lai che ba? Why don t you aome in three days to pick it up? 9. Women xiū .ǐlqi. ye xiū We fix engines and do body ahēshēn. work. 10. Shenme yansede women dou ydu. We have all colors of paint. We *11 Women mashang gSi ni jiSnchā. oheak it for you right away. 11. Kěyi， Jianchale yvhbu rrňslvmg Yes. After we've checked it3 gei ni aū ňia. we，11 give you an estimate right away. NOTES AFTER PART III': xiuli: fTo fix, to repair1. pfHa-ī ： 'Fan belt1, sometimes simply called pldai, which is literally 'leather beltf. Pfdāi is used for fbelt' in machine terminology as in san.UaopidaiT fV-belt1. xiuhao: fTo fix sucessfully, to repair successfully.1 The syllable -hao indicates the result of the action, that is that the repairs vere successfully completed. Yao jxtian kěyi xiūhao? How many days vill it take to fix it? In the above sentence, the auxiliary verb yao means 'to need, to require, to take*. gū,1i: Originally this verb meant simply fto estimate (a figure)1. Now it also means 'to guess1• Zhěijian dayi nx gūjī děi Hov much do you estimate duoshao qian? this overcoat costs? Wo gujl ta mingtian bu hui My guess is he vonft come lai. tomorrow. In this sentence the auxiliary verb hui means *to be likely to1，'to be possible tof. tiaozhěng: 'To adjust, to coordinate, to regulate.1 Qīng ba něige zhong tiaozhěng Please adjust that clock & yixia- little. gū jiā: fTo estimate a price.f Zhěige fangzi kěyi mai duoshao Can you estimate hov much this qian, ni něng gūyigu jia ma? house can sell for? Taipei: A: Wode chězi you dian wěnti le. There’s something wrong with Qing nǐmen xiūli xiūli. my car. Would you please repair it. B: Hǎo de. You shenme maobing? Okay. What*s wrong with it? A: Wo xiǎng biānsuq.i» zidong I think the gear shift and paidǎng dou you diar věnt£. the automatic transmission both have something vrong. B: Hai you biěde maobing ma? Are there other problems? A: Paiqiguan» fingshan dai Please also take a look at the yě qing nimen kankan. exhaust pipe and the fan belt. B: Fen^shande pidai shi hen Itfs easy for the fan belt rongyi songde, paiqiguǎn to get loose and for the vě rongyi huai. Āu. exhaust pipe to iDreaic. Oh, Chēměn *biěle yldiǎn. the door is a little dented. A: Nimen yě xiu chēshēn ma? Do you also do body work? B: Women xiū Jīqi, ye xiū We fix engines and do ,body chēshēn. Lingjian huaile, work* If parts are bad, ve w5men dou kěyi xiu, ye can repair them or replace kěyi huan. them. A: Na hao. Chēměn yě xiǔli yixia* Thatfs good. Fix the door, too. Nimen you yfy^ng ySnsede 、 Do you have the same color qi ma? paint? B: Shenme yansede q.ī, women d5u you. We have all colors of paint. Wefll Women mashang gěi ni jiancha, check it for you right avay. Xlngqivxi xiawu sidiǎn zhong How about picking it up yihou, nǐ lai qǔ che, hǎo bu Friday afternoon after U:00? hao? A: Kěyi bu keyi xiān gū ge jia? Can you first estimate the cost? B: Keyi, Jianchale yǐhou mashang Yes. After wefve checked it. gei ni gū jiā. win qing dao vefll give you an estimate lǐbian zuoyizuo, der gdeng, right Kvay. Please go inside, hftVA ft g ao+. ńnfl vni +. a t. _ Peking: A: WSde qiche zuotian chuang- Yesterday ray car vas damaged huai le, xlang qing nimen in an accident, I would xiūyixiū. like you to repair it. B: Au. Chemen chuānghuai le. Oh, the door is damaged. HowTs Jīqi zěnme yajlg? the engine. A: Zidong paidǎng, "biansuqi The automatic transmission and d5u you diar xiāo maobing. the gear shift all have some problem. B: Hao. Hai you biěde wěnti Okay, Are there any other měiyou? problems? A: Paiqiguǎn, fēngshān pldāi yě Please also check the exhaust qing nimen jiancha yixia. pipe and the fan belt, B: Nǐ kan, pidai s5ng le, gāi Look the fan belt is loose, huan xlnde le. you should change it. A: Pi dai wǒ Jiali hai you yitiao I have a new fan belt at home. xinde. Mingtian zǎoshang Ifll bring it to you tomorrow gěi ni nilai. morning. B: HSojile. Nī nālai，women gei Great. You bring it here and ni huan. wefll change it for you. A: Yao jitian kěyi xiūhǎo? Hov many d^iys will it take to fix? B: Chemen děi xiūhǎo» penqī, The door needs to be fixed, jīqi děi jianchi, tiaozhěng. and painted, the engine needs Nī da houtian lāi qu chē ba. to be checked and adjusted. Why don’t you come in three days to pick it up? A: Ni gǔji yixia, dagai yao Can you estimate how much it duōshao qian? vill probably be? B: Xianzāi bu hao shu5, dei xiān Itfs hard to say now. I have kankan. Nǐ mfngtian nā to take a look first. Tomorrow p.tdai laide shihou, gaosu when you come with the fan nī ba* "belt I *11 tell you. Vocabulary anzhao according to baoxiǎn to insure^ to be insured baox€Zcngitng bumper biānsuqi gear shift biě to be dented chǔii to handle, manage chāo su to exceed the speed limit chēhuo car accident ohěmen oar door oheshen body of a car ahětou oar hood chuang to bump into, to collide with ohuanghuM- le damaged chū Qhl to have an accident dā hdutian the third day from now dai to carry along with* to "bring dānzi ticket^ note dengjizhěng car registration 】 dbng to move fakuan to fine, to issue a fine fakuandān ticket, a fine fēngshān fan GongSnjii Bureau of Public Safety gūjī— to estimate jiashī zhizhao driverfs license jingcha police jtqi engine^ move literally9 ^machine9 lihai to be severe paidǎng transmission pāizhao liōense plates paiqiguǎn exhaust pipe pēnql to ōpvay paint pldai "belt ql paint, lacquer qu to pick up> to get9 to fetch renyuan personneI song to be loose shoushāng to be injured sJtudming exp tanation tiaozhěng to adjust waijiāo diplomacy^ foreign retations wāijiaoguān diplomat • waishi foreign affairs waishi Q%ngah& foreign affairs police wān to bend xiūhao to fix xiǔli to repair zidong automatic PARTS OF A CAR baoxlǎngang "bumper beitāi spare tire Mansuqi gear shift chē houtoude chuānghu rear windshield chē men car door chē qiantoude chuānghu front windshield chēt^u hood chěxiāng trunk dǎngnfbǎn fender dianplng "battery ding lights fāhuo kǎiguan ignition fengshan pld^i fan belt j ingzi mirror laba horn 1 lěngq亡 air conditioner lubiao odometer lūnpin steering wheel luntāi tire paiqitSng exhaust pipe paiqixiāoshengql muffler qianj inding Jack shāchē brakes shou shāchē parking brake sh5uyīnjl radio shuǐxiāng radiator sudūbiao speedometer ylnqing engine youměn accelerator youxiang gas tank yushuāzi windshield wiper zidōng paidǎng automatic transmission zuo seat