CM 0190 S

STANDARD CHINESE A Modular Approach

OPTIONAL MODULES:

•    Restaurant

•    Hotel

•    Post Office and Telephone

•    Car

SPONSORED BY

AGENCIES OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADIAN GOVERNMENTS

This publication is to be used primarily in support of instructing military personnel as part of the Defense Language Program (resident and nonresident). Inquiries concerning the use of materials, including requests for copies, should be addressed to:

Defense Language Institute

Foreign Language Center

Nonresident Training Division

Presidio of Monterey, CA 93944-5006

Topics in the areas of politics, international relations, mores, etc., which may be considered as controversial from some points of view, are sometimes included in the language instruction for DLIFLC students since military personnel may find themselves in positions where a clear understanding of conversations or written materials of this nature will be essential to their mission. The presence of controversial statements-whether real or apparent-in DLIFLC materials should not be construed as representing the opinions of the writers, the DLIFLC, or the Department of Defense.

Actual brand names and businesses are sometimes cited in DLIFLC instructional materials to provide instruction in pronunciations and meanings. The selection of such proprietary terms and names is based solely on their value for instruction in the language. It does not constitute endorsement of any product or commercial enterprise, nor is it intended to invite a comparison with other brand names and businesses not mentioned.

In DLIFLC publications, the words he, him, and/or his denote both masculine and feminine genders. This statement does not apply to translations of foreign language texts.

The DLIFLC may not have full rights to the materials it produces. Purchase by the customer does net constitute authorization for reproduction, resale, or showing for profit. Generally, products distributed by the DLIFLC may be used in any not-for-profit setting without prior approval from the DLIFLC.

PREFACE

Standard Chinese: A Modular Approach originated in an interagency conference held at the Foreign Service Institute in August 1973 to address the need generally felt in the U.S. Government language training community for improving and updating Chinese materials to reflect current usage in Beijing and Taipei.

The conference resolved to develop materials which were flexible enough in form and content to meet the requirements of a vide range of government agencies and academic institutions.

A Project Board vas established consisting of representatives of the Central Intelligence Agency Language Learning Center, the Defense Language Institute, the State Department's Foreign Service Institute, the Cryptologic School of the National Security Agency, and the U.S. Office of Education, later Joined by the Canadian Forces Foreign Language School. The representatives have included Arthur T. McNeill, John Hopkins₉ John Boag» and Hugh Clayton (CIA); Colonel John F, Elder III, Joseph C. Hutchinson, Ivy Gibian» Major Bernard Muller-Thym, and Colonel Roland W. Flemming (DLl); James R. Frith and John B. Ratliff III (FSI); Kazuo Shitama (NSA); Richard T. Thomson and Julia Petrov (OE)\ and Lieutenant Colonel George Kosoriz (CFFLS).

The Project Board set up the Chinese Core Curriculum Project in 197^ in space provided at the Foreign Service Institute. Each of the six U.S. and Canadian government agencies provided funds and other assistance.

Gerard P. Kok was appointed project coordinator, and a planning council was formed consisting of Mr. Kok, Frances Li of the Defense LangUjage Institute, Patricia 0^fConnor of the University of Texas, Earl M. Rickerson of the Language Learning Center, and James Wrenn of Brown University. In the fall of 1977> Lucille A. Barole vas appointed deputy project coordinator. , David W. Dellinger of the Language Learning Center and Charles R. Sheehan of ' the Foreign Service Institute also served on the planning council and contributed material to the project. The planning council drew up the original overall design for the materials and met regularly to review their develojanent.

Writers for the first half of the materials were John H. T. Harvey, Lucille A. Barale, and Roberta S. Barry, who worked in close cooperation with the planning council and with the Chinese staff of the Foreign Service Institute. Mr. Harvey developed the instructional formats of the conqprehen-sion and production self-study materials， and also designed the comnamica* tion-'based classroom activities and wrote the teacher¹ s guides. Ms. Baxale and Ms. Barry wrote the tape scripts and the student text. From 1978 until the project¹s completion, writers for the course were Ms. Barale and Thomas E. Madden. They revised the field-test editions of the first six core modules and acconxpanying optional modules, and produced the materials subsequent to Module 6.

All Chinese language material vas prepared or selected by Chuan Ouyang Chao_y Yunhui Chao, Ying-chih Chen, Hsiao-Jung Chi, Eva Diao, Jan Hu, and Tsung-ml Li» assisted for part of the time by Leslie L. H. Chang, Chieh-fang Ou Lee» Ying-mlng Chen₉ and Joseph Yu Hsu Wang. Anna Affholder, Mei-li Chen, and Henry Khuo helped in the preparation of a preliminary corpus of dialogues.

Administrative assistance was provided at various times by Joseph Abraham» Vincent Basciano, Lisa A. Bowden, Jill W. Ellis, Donna Fong, Judith J. Kieda, Renee T. C. Liang, Susan C. Pola, Peggy Ann Spitzer, and Kathleen Strype.

The production of tape recordings was directed "by Jose M. Ramirez of the Foreign Service Institute Recording Studio. The Chinese script vas voiced by Mr. Chang, Ms. Chao, Ms. Chen, Mr. Chen, Ms. Diao, Ms* Hu, Mr. Khuo» and Mr. Li. The English script vas read "by Ms. Barale, Ms, Barry, Mr. Basciano, Ms. Ellis, Mr. Madden» Ms. Pola, and Ms. Strype.

The graphics vere originally produced by John McClelland of the Foreign Service Institute Audio-Visual staff, under the general supervision of Joseph A. Sadote, unit chief.

Standard Chinese: A Modular Approach vas field-tested with the cooperation of Brown University, the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center» the Foreign Service Institute, the CIA Language Learning Center, the United States Air Force Academy* the University of Illinois₉ and the University of Virginia.

The Commandant of the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center authorized the support necessary to print this edition.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface.............................Hi

Hov to Study an Optional-Module.Tape ••••• ..... •••••    1

Objectives for the Restaurant Module •••••••••••••••    2

Unit 1:

Part I...........................................U

Part II................................8

Part III . . ...............................12

Unit Vocabulary List....................................l6

Unit 2:

Part I ..........18

Part II............................................23

Part III...................... • •    28

Unit Vocabulary List ••..«•••* ..................32

Unit 3：

Part I..................................................3k

Part II............................................k2

Part III....................................U7

Unit Vocabulary List................ • •    U9

ttait U:

Part I........... • . .......................51

Part II...........................................58

Part III...............................62

Unit Vocabulary List • • ...............................65

Foods • ........... ......................67

Objectives for the Hotel Module.............. • • •    71

Unit 1:

Part I.....................................72

Part II..................................................75

Part III................................................77

Part IV..................................................79

Unit Vocabulary List.....................8l

Unit 2:

Part I....................................83

Part II..................................................87

Part III................................................9i

Part IV ..............................................95

Unit Vocabulary List •«»參♦•鲁♦♦參參參》鲁《參    97 Things in a Hotel Room ••••••••••••••••• 99

Objectives for the Post Office and Telephone Module..............101

Unit Is

Part I.........................................102

Part II.........................................10k

Part III................................................107

Part IV................................................no

Unit Vocabulary List....................................113

Unit 2:

Part I..................................................115

Part II................................................117

Part III................................................119

Part IV................................................121

Unit Vocabulary List....................................123

Objectives for the Car Module....................................125

Unit 1:

Part I..................................126

Part II................................................130

Part III................................................135

Unit Vocabulary List ......... •••••••••    138

Unit 2:

Part I..................................................1U0

Part II................................................1U3

Part III..........................................il*7

Unit Vocabulary List....................................151

Parte of a Car..........................................153

Hov to Study an Optional-Module Tape

The format of the optional modules is quite different from the format of the core modules ₉ although both focus on vhat you need to know to deal vith particular practical situations.

Each tape of an optional module is roughly equivalent to the five different tapes of a core-module unit, in the sense, at least， that it is intended as a self-contained presentation of a set of vords and structures • Actually, however, an optional-module tape is closer to a combination of the C-l and P-l tapes of a core-module unit with almost all explanations left in the notes• Moreover, an optional-module tape introduces considerably more vocabulary than a core-module unit.

Each tape is divided into several parts. Each part introduces words and sentences, some of them for comprehension only, next reviews all production items, and then reviews conqprehension in extended dialogues•

You may have found that you could work through the C-l and P-l tapes of a core-module unit a single time each, perhaps going back over a few sections once or twice* You are almost sure to find, however, that you need to work through an optional-module tape more than once, perhaps frequently backing up and frequently stopping to read the Notes.

When a new word or sentence is introduced» there is a 'pause on the tape before you hear the Chinese. On your first time through the tape, you may use this pause to gīance at the word or sentence in the Reference List. On your next time through the tape, you may use it to try to say the Chinese» using the Chinese after the pause as a confirmation.

In the dialogues at the end of each part, there are very short pauses "between sentences. These should be Just long enough for you to stop and start the tape without missing anything. Stop the tape whenever you want to think over the previous sentence or try to translate it*

Ob.1 ectives

General

The purpose of the Restaurant Module (RST) is to acquaint you

with Chinese cuisine and eating customs and to provide you with

the linguistic skills you need to be able to order food in a

restaurant or to dine at home.

鱗縣，•徙、…y .皆 1-、:.'..卿挪■^解v -

Specific

When you have finished this module, you should be able to:

1. Name four foods or dishes suitable as a snack or as an in-between meal.

2-    Hame four dishes in Chinese you might order for dinner.

3-    Name 5 types of meat, fish or fowl.

Translate the names of 10 Chinese dishes (cither soups, main courses_f or desserts) into English.

5.    List the food which accompanies various main courses: rice, noodles, pancakes, steamed bread, flower rolls.

6.    Order a Weatern-style breakfast.

T.    Order one of the ’’fixed meals*¹ offered in small reataurants.

8.    Order Mongolian Barbecue or Mongolian Hot Pot.

9.    Discuss with a friend what to order for a snack.

10.    Ask for a menu and for help in reading it. Discuss with the waiter or waitress what the various dishes are. Ask for suggestions in ordering the meal.

11.    Comment on the meal: hov the dishes were made, which were most pleasing, and when you We had enough.

12.    Ask for the check and ask to have the tip figured into the total.

13.    Call to make reservations for a dinner party. Discuss the menu and cost of the dinner.

lU. List the different types of courses which go to make up a banquet: cold dishes, main courses, soups, and desserts,

15. Partake in a formal banquet: toasting friends, wishing them veil, and responding to the host^fs hospitality.

Restaurant Module, Unit 1

PART I

1.    Nl xi&ng chi shěnme?    What do you want to eat?

2.    Sulbi^n. Nl diSn ba.    As you like. You order.

3.    WSmen y^o ^rshige jguotiē.    We want twenty fried

dumplings•

U. WSmen yko slge bāozi•    We want four baozi.

5. WSmen yio It&ngvan suan lā    We want two bowls of sour

tang,.    and hot soup.

NOTES ON PABT I

chi: 'to eat¹• The verb ^?to eat* is often expressed using a general object compound, chi fiba, instead of the simple verb chi,

Nl chi fān le ma?    Have you eaten?

WS h&i měi chi fan.    I haven^?t eaten yet.

8ulbiiln: This word meaning ⁹ as you please \ or more literally ¹following convenience¹, has a variety of uses.

Nl sulbi^n mSi ba.    Buy what you vant •

Nl q^L "bu qu? Su£ nlde    Are you going? Do vhat you

Min ba«    like.

guōtiē: This has been translated here as ¹fried dumpling*, but actually a guōtiē differs from a dumpling in several respects. We usually think of a dumpling as a solid lump of leavened dough dropped in soup to cook. A guōtiē, however, is made of thin, uzxleavened dough, which serves as a wrapper for a filling. This filling may 'be Chinese cabbage_f port, beef, leunb, or any combination, thereof. Secondly, a guōtiē is not dropped in soup, but is steamed and fried, so that the bottom is crisp and the top is soft.

bāozi: This is a round of steamed bread filled with salty stuffing (cabbage* pork, beef, shrimp, etc.) or sveet stuffing (red bean puree, valnuts, almonds, etc.)• The steamed bread is made from a raised dough and forms a thick bun, somewhat similar in concept to a hamburger.

suan li tang; A thick spicy soup made of pork, white bean curd, "red bean curd¹¹ (actually dried chicken or pork blood), dried tiger lily flovers, mushrooms, bamboo shoots and egg.

li&ngw&n, • •: The word for ’bovl,,沾n, is used as a counter

here.

Taipei:

A conversation in a small restaurant.

M： Y^zhēn, vS, xiSng chī    YiizhSn, vhat do you vant to

sbixmel    eat?

F: Sulbiin. NX diSn 1>a.    As you like. You order.

M: WSmen dlSn diSn guōtiē,    We^fll order some fried

suan Ik tang» hSo bu    dmsplixigs and sour and hot

h&o?    soup* Okay?

• i

F: HXo a.    Okay.

M： H&i yko jīge bāozi,    Hov about a few biozi,

zSnm^ing?    too?

F:成o &• Vi yio diSn tii    Okay. Don^ft order too

duo le*    much.

(Nov the man talks with the waitress.)

P2: Nlmen diSn diaa sh^ome?    What vlll you order?

M: W8men yio drshige guStie    We vant tventy fried

sige 'bSosi. liSngiHbi    dtmqplings» four baozi,

suan li tang.    two bowls of sour and

hot soup.

P2: HXo. Jii l&i*    Okay, it'll be here right

airay.

NOTES ON THE DIALOGUE

Hii ycto Jige bāozi, zSnmeyilng?: The toneless syllable Ji-means ^fa few¹ or Several¹. It may be difficult to distinguish between Jige, ^fa few¹, from Jj^e, ^fhow many¹ in rapid speech. Usually there will be other clues such as intonation and context to help you distinguish them. This is discussed again in Unit 3 of the Directions Module•

Bň yko diSn teli duō le«: The phrase bň, yko is used to mean 'don't* in sentences expressing & cosm&nd. You¹11 learn more about this in the Transportat ion Module. The marker le for nev situation Is used here to reinforce the idea of 'excessive¹. Whenever & speaker says something is excessive, he is actually saying that it has BECOME excessive.

Nlmen diSn dian shěnme?: The first vord di8n is the verb ，to order *. The second word dian (from yidiSn, ^fa little^f) means ¹ some 會•

Ershige guotiě. stge bāozi: You can tell from the amdunt ordered that the guōtiē are more or less bite-sized, while the 'baozi are larger.

6. xiaoohtdion    little eatery

Taipei:

A conversation between an American student and a Chinese friend in front of a small restaurant.

M: WSmen chī dian dōngxi ₉    Let^fs eat something₉ okay?

hSo bu hao?

F: HSo a* Nl xiSng chi    Okay. What do you vant to

shěnme?    eat?

M: Chī dian diSnxln.    Some snacks.

F: Nl chlguo guōtiē ma?    Have you ever eaten fried

dumplings?

M: MSi chīguo.    No.

F: WSmen kěyi zii zh备ge    We can eat some snacks in

xiSochīdi&ci chi di&n    this little eatery. Okay?

diSnzīn, hao bu hSo?

M:成o. Tāmen dōu y5u shěnme?    Okay. What do they have?

F: HSn duō dōngxi. You guōtiē, Many things. Fried

bāozi, suān lā tang.    dumplings， bǎozi₉ sour

and hot soup.

M: Hen h&o, hen hǎo.    Good, good*

NOTES ON THE DIALOGUE

xlSochldiiLn: This is a small place where you can grab something to eat. (Xl&ochI means 'snack*.) If you are in a city in China, you are probably not far from one. A xi&ochldl&n is often run t>y one or two people. It may be arranged so that the cooking area faces the street, in which case you'll probably valk through the kitchen as you head for a table• Putting the kitchen at the front, facing the street» makes for better ventilation and allows people on the street to see and smell vhat is being cooked. Inside you are likely to find small tables without tablecloths» and stools• There is generally no menu, some of the dishes may be written on a blackboard or on,red pieces of paper vhich are hung on the vail. Since the xiSochldi^n is often a small operation, it may only offer a few things or It may specialize in serving one type of food, such as noodles or dumplings. The vord xlSo in xl8ochidiān_a refers not to the size of the establishment₉ but to the types of food offered.

Tāmen d5u y5u shgpme?: The word d5u in this sentence refers to the object» not the subject. In other words, the sentence Is translated as 'What all do they have?, in this context• In another conversation the same sentence ml典 t mean 'What do they all have?'

This type of question with d5u expects an ansver vith more than one item mentioned. The d5u may be thought to refer to the object in the answer•

Nl dōu mSi 8hěnme le?    What all did you buyT

W8 n&lle shlge baozi₉ sanjin I bought ten baozi, thr-e plngguo, liilping qlshnī.    catties of apples ₉ six

bottles of soda.

But notice that in the ansver dōu is NOT used even though the object is plural in number or a series of Items.

PABT 工I

7.    Qlng ni gěi wo kankan    Please give me your menu to

nZmende ccLidanzi•    look at.

8.    Nimen mai zhēng Jiao ma?    Do you sell steamed dumplings?

9.    Gěi vo lĀi yilōng sheng    Bring me a 'basket of steamed

jiao.    dumplings,

10.    Nimen mai tang mlan bu    Do you sell soup-noodles?

mai?

11.    Nimen zaaii chSo xai&i bu    Do you sell fried noodles?

mai?

12.    Y5u 8hěnme yeLngde tāng    What kinds of soup^noodles

miSn?    are there?

13.    Gěi vo l&i yivan niiirSu    Bring me a bovl of soup-

ml^n.    noodles with beef.

lU. jiāoai    boiled āartplingo

15.    rbust rrdhn    eoup^noodlee with ehrede

of pork

16.    p&igu miān    eoKp-noodlee with a pork

chap

17.    • • • 8htnmde    • •. and eo on. (after a

BBvieB of items)

HOTES ON PART II

zheng JlSo: These are crescent-shaped dumplings filled with cabbage and meat vhich are steam cooked. The steaming is done by-placing the dumplings in a bamboo basket ₉ vhich is one layer in a stack of bamboo baskets called a zheng l6ng. and then pl&cing the vhole stack over a container of boiling water»

gel vo lii *••: The verb l£i here means not ^fto come¹ but ^fto bring* since it is followed by a noun. The vord gel is the prepositional verb ^f for^f.

yil6ng zhěng Jl&o： Steamed dumplings are sold by the basket and served in the basket that they are steamed in. The vord for one tier of such baskets is used as a counter₉ -l6ng (yil6ng_% Ii8ngl6ng« etc.).

tang mlln: This is the name for a class of dishes made of noodles and soup* Unlike the Western idea of soup with some noodles _y tang mlctn is basically noodles vith some soup added.

Because Northern China is a vheat growing area» noodles are a staple in the diet of that region. A *bovl of noodles can be used to make a side dish for a large meal, or, vith a little soup and meat added_y can be a meal in Itself. Noodles are coamonly made In Bix_to_ten_foot lengths In China ₉ and are regarded &8 a synfbol of longevity.

chSo mlSn: One of the verbs translated ^fto fry* Is chXo. It is also sometimes translated as •stir fry*. The Chinese language has several verbs meaning 'to fry¹. Ch8o means to fry in a little oil, stirring rapidly and constantly, not unlike sauteing.

nitSrSu nlitns Thia dish consists of noodles in soup vith pieces of beef. The word for ^f,beef• is nifirdu, literally 'cow¹, nifi, and •meat、rdu. In the names of Chinese dishes₉ the thing the dish Is primarily composed of, in this case noodles, is at the end of the phrase* Those vords coming before describe the additional foods with vhich the dish is prepared or the style in vhich it is prepared•

•USozi: A crescent-shaped dumplings made of vhlte dou^h and stuffed vith a mixture of meat and scallion。or mixed vegetables. Jl8ozl nay be served steamed« zheng J1?iq or boiled, shut .1iXo«

It is said that Marco Polo took the idra of these dumplings back to Italy Inspiring the creation of ravioli•

rdusl mlto： This is noodles in soup vith shrtds of pork and vegetables. Actually» the word rōu means sinqply ^fmeat^f» not •pork¹. But the l>uic meat of China has alvays been pork, and therefore r8u on a menu refers to pork unless otherwise specified.

shěnmedes This vord, used after a series of nouns, means •and so on, or 'etcetera*.

Qi8huī₉ pljiǔ* 8hSzmede    We need to "buy soda, *beer₉

dōu del m&l.    and so on.

Taipei;

A conversatiozi betveen & vaiter and & customer at & small eatery.

M: Nln ylLo chī diSn shěnme?    What do you vant to eat?

F: Qlng ni gSi wo kiuikan    Please give me your menu to

nimende cāidānzi.    look at.

M: Ou, duibuqī_t vSmen zhěli    Oh, I^fm sorry. We don^ft

měiyou cāidanzi. WSmen    have a menu. We only sell

zh^li iiyi mai zheng Ji&o,    steamed dtunplings, soup-

tang midn, chSo miin,    noodles, fried noodles,

shězunede.    and so on.

F: YSu 8hlnme ydngde tang ml&Ln? What kinds of soup noodles

are there?

M: YSu nilirdu mikn a₉ ySu    There,s soup^noodles vith

rdusl mian a, h&i ySu    'beef, soup<-noodle8 vith

p^ig& miin.    shreds of pork, and soup-

noodles with a pork chop.

F: GSi vo lit yiwan niilrdu    I^fll have & bowl of soup-

miaul.    noodles with beef.

M: HSo. Nln ySo bu yao zhēng    Good* Do you vant some

JiSo?    steaaied dumplings?

F: HSo. Zemae mSi?    Okay* Hov are they sold?

M: Yil6ng zhēng JiSo    A basket of steamed

ěrshikuHi qi£n.    duznplings is twenty

dollars•

F: Yil6ng y5u duoshaoge?    How many in a basket?

M: YilSng y5u bSge.    There¹• eight in a basket.

F: H5o, gSi wo lSi    Okay, bring me a basket of

yil6ng zhēng Jiao, lfii    steamed dumplings, a

ytw5n ni<xrb\x mihx.    bovl of soup-nood3.es with

"beef.

NOTE ON THE DIALOGUE

duōshaoge: The word duōshao may be used either vith or without a counter.

18.    rduei ch&o miStn    fried noodles with pork

shreds

19.    ōānxiān ahSo micbt    three-delicious fried

noodXes

8anxiān: This word occurs in the names of rice dishes ₉ noodle dishes and soups. It can te roughly translated as ¹three delicacies、more literally, ^fthree fresh¹. It means that the dish is made with tvo different meats, such as chicken and pork, and a seafood, such as shrimp, in addition to the vegetables•

Taipei:

A conversation at another small eatery.    _t

F: Nl xiSng chī dian shěnme?    What do you vant to eat?

M: Nimen zheli māi guōtiē    Do you sell fried dumplings

bu mai?    here?

F: Guōtiē, Jiaozi» vSmen    We don^ft sell fried duelings

zheli dou bfi mili. WSmen    or lx>iled dunqplings at all.

zhěli Jiū wki mika. Tang    We only sell jioodles. We

mikn₉ chao mian d5u ySu.    have both soup-noodles and

fried noodles.

M: YSu shěnme ykngie chao    What kinds of fried noodleB

miSn?    are there?

F: YSu rdii8Ī chao mldn_y    There*8 fried noodles with

ySu sānxian chSo midn.    strips of pork; and there's

fried noodles vith three delicious things.

M: W8 yio 8anxiān chSo miibi.    I vant fried noodles with

three delicious things•

F: HSo.    Fine.

PART III

20.    WS y&o chi ch&o JidiLn gen    I want to eat scrambled eggs

huStuī•    and ham.

21.    WS he kSfěi.    1*11 drink coffee.

22 • WS h&i yio k&o ml&nbao •    I also vant some toast •

23. Qlng zti l&i y^bel kafěl,    Please 'bring another cup of

coffee.

2U. Ňt ydu ehaoHng ma?    Do you have eeeante voile?

25.    U6 yho li&nggen uSutiio.    I want two deep-fried

tDiste.

26.    Ňl hi bu he dbudiang?    Do you drink doujiang?

27.    IfC xtkuan ti&nde h&iōhi    Do you like the aweet kind

xiSnde?    or the Baity kind?

28.    MCnatian z&oehccng a老i nin    We⁹ll prepare it for you

mbei.    tomorrow morning.

MOTES ON PART III

ch&o Jidan: This is literally translated as ^ffried eggs'.

Since ch8o means *to stir fly¹, however, it actually refers to scrambled eggs.

IsSo mlSnbSo: 'Toast⁹• This phrase is the verb kSo ^fto roast, and the vord for 嘗¹bre&d,» ttl&nbao •

Qlng z8ll lil,..: Here again you see the vert lit used to mean •'bring'_ The vord zii is the adverb ^fagain¹. Literally translated ₉ this phrase means something like ^fPlease again bring...^f.

This is the standard way to ask someone to l>ring more of something.

shaoblng: This is a *baked roll with layers of dough and covered vith sesame seeds. It comes in tvo shapes, one oblong and the other round like an English muffin， only not as thick.

It is usually eaten at breakfast.

ll&nggēn y6utl&o: This is a long, twisted, puffy roll vhich is deep-fried* It resembles a cruller, but it is not sveet. Literally, the name means 'oil stick⁹. It is usually eaten at breakfast» along with dduJiang and perhaps a shSoblng* The counter for long, thin objects, like y6utl£o is -gēn,

iang: This is a liquid produced vhen beancurd, ddufti, is made from soybeans. It is white, resembling milk, and high in protein. It may be flavored bo that it is sveet or salty. It is sometimes called soybean milk.

tifade/xlande: Many foods in China such as bSozl and dSuJiang come in two sorts: ti&nde and xi&nde• Although the Chinese cate* gorize foods as either salty or sveet, this does not mean that food vhich is labeled ¹salty¹ is terribly salty. Sometimes the label ¹salty¹ simply means *not sveet *•

Peking:

A conversation at the Peking Hotel.

M: ZSo!    Good morning!

F: Nln hSo! Nln xiSng chi diar How are you? What vould shSzune?    you like to eat? ¹

M: Nīmen ySu shaobing, y6utifio    Do you have seseune rolls,

ma?    and deep-fried tvists?

P: Shaobing, y6uti&o, Jīntlan    Today there aren^ft any

oiSlyou. Mlngtian chi ba!    crisp sesame rolls or

Nl he bu he dduJiSng?    deep-fried tvlsts. Hov

about having them tonorrov? Do you drink doujiang?

F: Chī shāobingy y6uti£o, dSi    When you eat crisp sesame

he ddujiang.    rolls or deep-fried tvlsts

you should drink doujiang.

F:霣X xihuan ti&nde h&ishi    Do you like the sveet kind

xi&ide?    or the salty kind?

M: WS xlhxian tifinde.    I like the sveet kind.

F: HSo* mlngtian zSoshang    All right, ve'll prepare

gel nln yitbei, JIntian    it for you tomorrow¹

nln chī shěnme?    morning. What will

you eat today?

M: WS chī ch&o JIdSn, huStuI»    I^fll have scrambled eggs,

kSo miauibǎo.    ham and toast •

F： He ehirmel    What will you drink?

M: KafSi.    Coffee.

F: HSo.    Good.

(Later.)

M: Qlng zāi l£i yibēi kafēi.    Please bring another cup of

coffee.

F： HSo.    All right.

NOTES OH THE DIALOGUE

Breakfast at the Peking Hotel: The Peking Hotel is said to hare the best Western style food in the city. While they serve both Western and Chinese style lunches and dinners» they are not alvays prepared to serve certain kinds of Chinese 'breakfast foods, such as shSobing and yňutiSo« If you would like to eat these typical Chinese breakfast foods you should ask in advance.

29.    a gruel of rioe and water

uBually eaten for breakfaet

30.    mSntou    ōteamed bread

31.    mhSngBhlzhi    tomato juioē

32.    jūzi shut    ovccrtgeade^ orange juice

33.    ehutguS    fruit 3U, xiangjiāō baruxna

xlfSn: This is another breakfast food» It is a white ' porridge made of rice and water. In the northern parts of China it is eaten along with salted pickles, ham, salted vegetables» salted eggs or peanuts.

aULntou: 'Steamed bread¹. While the vord mianbāo refers to Western style bread, mantou refers to & Chinese version of bread, a large steamed roll aade of vhite doixgh. It is heavy and moist with no crust.

Vocabulary

baozi    steamed rolls made of 'bread

dough vith a filling of meat and/or vegetables» or sweet bean paste.

ciU.danzi (ytzhang)    menu

chXo    fried, to fry, saut矣

chXo mLin    fried noodles

chi    to eat

diSn    to order

dbujidng    soy bean milk, eoy milk

gH ntn yObei    to prepare for you

gSi wo l£i (noun)    bring me (something)

guotie    steam-fried dumplings

he    to drink

huStuI    ham

-JiSo    dumpling

jiSosi    boiled dumpling

Jīddn    (chicken) egg

jūzi ehul    orccngeade, orange juicē

k&fel    coffee

kSo    roasted, toasted

lit    peppery-hot

rrAntou    Btemed bread

mLin    noodles

mlinbao    bread

nlfirdu    beef

nltirdu mlin    soup-noodles vith *beef

p&igū midn    eoup-noodlee with a pork

chop

QXng zSLl l&l* •.    Please bring another. • •

rdueī chSo midn    fried noodles with akrede of

pork

rduel miītn    80up-noodlea with shrede of

pork

aSnxiān ohSo nrUtn    noodles fpied with the—

freah things

ahāobing    awcane voile

...afj/bmědB    ...co/td eo on

ehuīguS    fruit

suān    to be sour

sulblin    as you like

tāng    soup

ting alia    soiq>-noodle8

ti6n    to b€ eweet

eidn    to b* »olty

xiānffjiāo    banana

xlfňn    gru»l of rioe and nattv

xih6ng»īAaht    tomato duios

yingzl    kind, variety

yil&ig    • tl«r of a stcaaar

ytutiSo    d0«p~fri«d iviat

zhSng    to cook Bonething lsy

steaming

Restaurant Module• Unit 2

PART I

1.    Shěnme shi kěfito?    What is a fixed meal?

2.    Jii shi yige tang,    A • fixed meal¹ is a soup, ylge c|i, h&i ySu fān. a main dish* and rice.

3.    K^f&a Jift y6u ytzhSng ma?    Ib there only one kind of

¹fixed meal,?

k* Nl shuo nSge cili hSochl?    Which dish did you say is

tasty?

5.    W8 hui yŌng kuctlgi#    I can use chopsticks.

6.    WS ydng kxaiizi chi f^n.    I eat with chopsticks.

了. Nl xihuan chī nilSrdu    Do you like to eat beef or

hSishi chi ^ī..    chicken?

8.    h/S xiSng oht dian    I want to ēat something

jiSru&ndē*    simple.

9.    Xi2tol zH oht Hide.    Něxt time eat something

ētee*

10 • otngjiao niūrbu    bēěf with green pepper

11.    bdioH rduōi    ēhreda of pork with

oabbage

12.    xuSdbu i%v%bn    cMohm alioes with enow

peaa

MOTES OH PART I

k|f|n: This refers to & type of meal in which soup* & main dish, rice and tea are all served for one price. Much of the meal is prepared ahead of time, vbich makes it quick, convenient and inexpensive for the customer. It is referred to here as a ¹ fixed meal⁹. Other translations are ,fixed dinner^T ₉ 'blue plate special, and ,combination plate*.

Kěf&n .1lu ySu yizhSng ma?: When you ask this question» the person you are speaking to ad典t think you are asking about the different price categories that kěfan is available in. Restaurants vhich offer kěfan often have an Inexpensive» a moderate and a top-of-the-line    each day.

cSi: This is the word for any dish vhich is not soup₉ rice or noodles*

y3ngt Like the vord gěi, ^fto give¹, the vord ydng can act as either a full verb or a prepositional verb. As a full verb, it means ^fto use*. As a prepositional verb, it means    . Here

are some exansples of both usages.

Nl kěyi ydng vSde didnshdn. You can use my electric tin*

Ta ydng kuftizl chi tka*    He eats vith chopsticks•

3i: While often the vord for a type of meat, such as ^cef¹, ni<lr8u> contains the syllable rdu, 'meat * ₉ the vord for chicken does not.

xiici: The vords for 'last time⁹, 'this tlae^v and 'next tlae^v are formed according to the same principle as youWe learned for other time vords, like *last veek' and ^flast month'• ¹

shi^igci    last time

shftngge xlngql    last veek

8hingge yuS    l^at n»onth

zb^ci.    this time

zh^ge xīngql    this veek

zhěge yui    this month

xlitci    next time

xiige xlngqī    next veek

xiāge yu各    next month

Taipei:

A converseLtion betveen an American voman and a Chinese friend,

vho are out to eat on their lunch hour.

M: Nī xiSng chi sh^zune?    What do you vant to e&t?

F: WS xlXng chi dian Jllndinde. I vant to eat something

slnple.

M:能，chī k^fcLn sSnmeySbtig?    Then how about eating a

* fixed meal,?

F: Shězune shi kěfin?    What is & ^ffixed meal⁹?

M: K^ftn jid. shi ylge tǎng,    A 'fixed meal' is a soup,

yige cdi, hfii y8u fcUi.    a main dish, and rice,

F: K^fdn Jill y5u yizhSng ma?    Is there only one kind of

'fixed meal'?

M: Bil. Y5u sān-stzhSng. YSu    No. There are three or

sishikuiide, y5u wfishikuSide, four kinds• There's the ySu lixi8hikuclide.    forty dollar kind* the

fifty dollar kind, and the sixty dollar Ūnd.

F: Dōu ySu nh&ame c£i?    What main dishes do they

have?

M: JIntian y5u b£iclli rdusī ₉    Today there⁹ s shreds of

qīngjiǎo nitordu, xuSddu    pork vith cabbage» beef

Jlpidn.    with green peppers _t and

chicken slices vith snov peas.

Fs Nl BhuS nSge cili h&ochl?    Which dish do you say Is more

tasty?

M: Dou hSn hSo. JXntian nī    They are all good. Today

kěyi chī qīngjiāo nidrdu.    you might eat beef vith

Xiici zki chī bi^de.    green peppers. Next time

eat something else.

P： HSo.    Okay.

M: HSo. Nl ylo ylge qīngjiao    Okay. You take the beef

nilardu. WS l£l yfge    vith green peppers. 1*11

xuěddu jīpiin.    have the chicken slices

with snov peas.

M: Nī hui ydng lmiizi ba?    You can use chopsticks» I

suppose?

F: W8 zii MSiguo yXjlng    I learned in Aaerica.

xu^guo.

HOTES OR THE DIALOGUE

Nil: At the beginning of the sentence, nit aeanB 'then' or ^fvell then⁹ •

YSu »en»atzh8ngs ¹three or four kinds¹. Two cont«cutlv« nuniberB may be used together to give the Idea of an approximate figure. The exception to this rule is that 10 and nultiples of 10 can not combine vith the n\mber coming lm&edlately before or after them* You vlll learn this In more detail In the Traaa-portatlon Module.    —

Hito. Ht ySo ylge qlngjlao nitSrōu. •••: While at an informal meal each person at the table may choose one of the dishes _y everyone at a Chinese meal eat丨 fsron all the dishes ₉ vfaich ore put in the center of the table.

, \

Taipei:

A conyersation in a small restaurant•

M: NX xllng chi shSnmeT    What vould you like to

•atT

F: WS xiXng chi dian JiSndande. I vould like to eat something 8liq)le.

M: Nil vSmen chi    1ml.    Then let's eat the 'fixed

meal'.

F: HXo a. NX chlguo tamen    Okay. Have you eaten any

sh^lide k^fin ma?    of their 'fixed neal8^>

here?

M: Chlguo.    Yes.

P:成o bu hXochl?    Are they tastyT

M: Dou hSn hSoehi.    All vere very tasty.

F: Kěfin d5u ySu shSrane    What kinds of main dishes

y^igde c在i?    are there in the ^f fixed

dinners,?

M: YSu 8ǎnzh5ng. Yizh5ng    There are three kinds.

shi qlngjiao niilrdu,    One kind is beef with

ylzhSng shi b£icili rdusī,    green peppers, one kind

yizhSng shi ruěddu Jīpilin.    is pork shreds with cabbage,

one kind is chicken slices with snov peas.

F: Wo y^o qlngjiǎo nllirdu.    I^fll have the beef with

green peppers•

M: W5 y^o xuSddu jīpi^n.    I^fll have the chicken slices

with snov peas.

NOTES OH THE DIALOGUE

HSo bu h&ocl^I?: The compound h&ochl •丨to be tasty¹, can *be broken apart to form a question.

KěfSn d5u ygu shlnme yāngde cSl?: The adverb d5u in this sentence refers to the plural subject kefan, ¹ fixed dinners^f.

PART II

13. Wo yao xiārěn chǎo mieLn.    I vant fried noodles vith

shrimp.

lU. Women h£i yio ylge tiicai    We also want a cabbage

dSufu tāng.    and 'bean curd soup.

15. HuotuI chSo fan bfi cuō.    The fried rice with ham is

not bad.

16 • LiSngge c在i yige tang    Two main dishes and one soup

g5u le.    is enough.

1了. Biě kěqi»    DonH "be formal. (Don^ft

stand on ceremony.)

18.    WS yījing bSo le.    I^fve already had my fill.

19.边zig    ni gěi vo zhSngdanzi•    Please give me the check.

20.    Jiii ztitybng le.    That^fll be it,

21.    lt€ dud oht yidiSn.    Eat a little more. >

22.    zbx oht.    I am eating,

NOTES ON PART II

xlarěn: This vord refers to small shrimp vithout shells•

dSufu: ⁹Bean curd¹. This is a soft white substance made from soybeans, with the consistancy of jello or custard. It has only a faint taste» but is rich in protein and minerals. It is a staple found all over the Orient and may be found in everyday food as veil as festive foods.

b6 cu5; This phrase is used for *not bad¹» in the sense of ¹pretty good,, ¹pretty veil¹, ^fall right¹.

Biě keql: Because this phrase is one of the most basic phrases in the syst咖 of Chinese customs and manner, it is difficult to translate. Here, it may be translated as ¹Don't be formal,¹ or •Don't stand on ceremony.. But it should be viewed In context to determine its full meaning.

bXo: This is an adjectival vert meaning ^fto be satisfied* _t literally ^fto be full,.

Wl duō chi yldl&n: Notice the vord order of this sentence. The vord du5 is used as an advert, and therefore precedes the vert chi. The vord yidi&a is used as the object of the action and therefore follows the rerb.

WS zti chii The word zSi can be used as a marker of ongoing action^一You¹11 learn more about this in the Meeting Module.

Taipei:

A conversation betveen two friends    In a small restaurant at lunchtlae.

M: Zh^lide chSo mllLn» chSo tin    The fried noodles, fried

gen tang wikn, d5u bii cud.    rice and soup-noodles are

all good here.

P: DSng vo kdnkan ciidanzi.    Wait while I have a look

• •• WSmen yio ylge xiarln    at the menu. ••• We* 11

chSo midn, hSo bu hao?    have a fried noodles vith

Ni! zeLi diSn ylge ba.    shrimp. Okay? You order

something else.

M: WSmen yito yige huStuī chSo    We^fll have & ham fried rice,

tka_f h&o *bu hao? Zlli    all right? And another

yao ylge cki gēn yige    main dish and a cabbage

b&icfti ddufu tang.    and bean curd soup.

F: W8 xiSng till du5 le. BU    I think that¹ s too much*

yio cai 1«.    Let¹ s not have the main

dish.

F: Jiū y4o ylge chSo fin, ylge    If we just have one fried

miin₉ ylge tang, Jiī gdu le.    rice, one noodle dish,

and one soup, then that¹11 be enough.

(Nov the man speaks to the waiter.)

Ms WSmen yio ylge xiar^n ch&o    We vant a ftried noodles

mlitn, ylge huStuI chXo fUn,    with shrlop, a ham fried

h&l yio ylge b&lcSti dňufu    rice, a cabbage and bean

tang. J1{1 shdyjtng le.    curd soup. That'll be

it.

(Later vhile they are eating.)

P： Zhěge xiārěn chao ml&n    The fried noodles vith thrlnp

hSn hSo chī. HuStuI    is very good. The haa

chlo fin yS bti cud.    fried rice isn't bad

Ni du5 chi yidiSn.    either. Eat & little mor_.

BiS    Don^ft *be formal. (Pltate

help yourself.)

M: W8 ziL chi. NX yS bi6    I am eating. Don't you be

kSql. Du5 chi yidiSn.    formal cither. Eat a

little more.

(After they have finished eating.)

M: NX yio l)u yao chi dian    Do you want to eat some

ti&n diSnxīn?    dessert?

P: B& y2o le. W8 yljlng    I don't vant asy aore.

l>Xo le.    I^fre already had ny

fill.

(He speaks vith the waiter.)

,    I

M: Qlng ni gSi vo zhingdaaei.    Please give me the check.

HOTES ON THE DIALOGUE

Nl zk± dlXn rim b>.: The word zUl here neans 'additionally* or ,nore、

WS xlXntc till duō le» BU yjto cii le b>>: Here are tvo exaaqples of the marker JLe for nev sltuatioxifl. In the first sentence it is necessary to use le to indicate that the food order has nov become too anxeh. In the second sentence, it is mcm丨ary to use the marker le to Indicate that the m«at and vegetable Is not ranted anymore.

23. VH oMdě h3ht b&o lě.    I⁹vē had plmtty.

Taipei:

At another small restaurant:

M: NĪ xiSng chī shěnme?    What do you want to eat?

F: WSmen diSn yige chSo milui,    We’ll order a fried

ylge ch&o fin. Zeli lit    noodles, and a ftried rice,

ylge tang, zěxuneyāng?    and also have them bring

soup, all right?

M: HSo a. Nl xiSng chī shěnme    Okay. What kind of fried

chSo ml^n₉ chao tkn a?    noodles and fried rice

do you vant to eat?

F: SulblSn. NĪ dlSn ba.    As you like. You order.

M: WSmen diSn ylge xiarSn    We'll order a fried noodles

chSo miān, yige buStuI    with shrimp, a fried rice

jīditn chSo fiLn, H&i l&i    with ham and eggs, and

yige bSicdi ddufu tang»    have them bring a cabbage

hSo bu hao?    and 'beem curd soup, all

right?

F: HSo.    Good.

(After they have finished eating.)

M: Nī xiSng bu xiang chī dian    Do you want to eat something

ti£nde dongxl?    sweet?

F: Bd. ylLo le. WS bSo le,    I don't vant anything else.

工,ve had enough.

M: Nl biě kěq.1 a!    Have some more!

F: WS bti shi k^q.1* WS    Thanks. I've had plenty,

chide hen bSo le.

MOTES OR THE DIALOGUE

Zki lai yige tang* z8ningy5ng?: Here you see another example

of the vord zai> meaning 'additionally* or 'more、

对 xiang bu xiang chi dian ti&nde dongxl?; The Chinese are not accustomed to eating desserts as are some other cultures• While they have Invented some rather lucious desserts, these cure usually served only at more formal dinners. At & modest meal or in a xiSochidlan^ the only dessert available is probably fruit.

PART HI

2k. W5 zhldao nl xihuan chi    I know you like to eat

lSde.peppery-hot things•

25. Dangrin h£i yao ylge tang.    Of course, ve^fll also want

a soup.

26• Nl .Uiode tki duo le.    You^!ve ordered too much.

27.    MāpS ddufu    a apiōy Szeohbkm di$h made

with bean curd

28.    yūxiang giizi    aromatio fiōh^etyle

eggplant (A Szeohoan diōh)

29.    gōngbSo dldxng    diced ōhiōken_M bcanhoo ahoote^

onione^ and red peppers (a SzBohDcm dish)

30.    xiarin gudba tāng    shrimp and eiszling rioe

eoup

31.    b&Bl pingguo    spun taffy apples

NOTES ON PART HI

zhidao: The verb ^fto know⁵¹, ahidao is a state ver°b and therefore can be negated only with the syllable

WS zu6tian bū zhldSo tā    Yesterday I didn^ft knov

zil nSr.    where he vas.

Notice also that the verb ^fto know¹9 zhidao• has a neutral tone on the last syllable• But when, it is negated, the verb ^fto knov^f has tones on all syllables» bū zhidio*

Nl .USode t5i duō le,: ^fyou^fve ordered too much.¹ A more literal translation might be ^fWhat youWe ordered is too much.^f The phrase Nl Ji&ode 1b a modifying phrase vith the modified noun (perhaps 'food^f or 'dishes') deleted.

Mfo6 dSufu: This is a peppery hot dish made of bean curd, finely chopped beef or pork and hot bean pasta. This dish is typical of the Szechwan style of cooking, which is noted for hot spicy dishes.

ylxiang ql^zi; This name literally means ^f fragrant-fish eggplant¹• However, there is no fish used in the preparation of the dish. It is made with scallions, ginger» garlic, hot bean paste, vinegar and soy sauce. Ytbclang refers to a famous Szechvan manner of preparation which vas originally used to xoake fish dishes, but vas later applied to other foods» such as pork, beef, and eggplant.

Jldlng: E&rlier you saw the vord JlpliLn, ¹ chicken slices'» nov you see the word Jlding> vhich means ^f chicken cubM¹ or ^f diced chicken* • Both are cossaonly used in the names of dishes•

gōngbSo Jiding: This is a famous dish vhich originated in Szechvan. It is made with diced chicken₉ bamboo shoots, scallions, red peppers, say sauce, and garlic.

xiarěn guōba tangs This is a shrimp and tomato soup into vhich squares of dried crispy rice are dropped. These squares of rice bear some resemblance to *rice crispies*. They are the crisp brovned part of the rice left at the bottom of the pot. As the crispy rice squares are poured into the hot soup, & sizzling, crackling sound is given off.

bisl pinggxao; This is a dessert made of apple slices lAiich are covered vith & light batter and、deep fried. The fried apples are then dipped in a hot mixture of sugar-syrup and sesame seeds. The apples are coated much in the same way taffy apples are. These hot sugar-coated apples are then dropped into a bovl of Ice vater, vhich hardens the sugar syrup covering into a crisp candy coating. The result is a dessert vhich combines a ntnober of textures and tastes• The name for this dessert is translated many ways: •spun taffy apples¹9 *caraiael apple fritters *» 'pulled silk apples' • Bananas can also be prepared in this way.

Taipei:

A conversation betveen two Chinese friends who are out to dinner in a Szechvan restaurant.

M: Nl xiSng chi shěnme c^i?    What would you like to eat?

F: Sulbidn. Nl dian ba.    As you like. You order.

M: W5 zhīdao nl xīhuan chī    I know you like to eat

leLde. Women dian yfge    peppery-hot things. How

M&p6 dSufu, ylge yfixiang    about if ve order MSp6

qiSzi, ylge gōngbǎo    bean curd, ylixiāng egg-

jīdīng, zěnmeyang?    plant and chicken cubes

DSngrfin hSi yito yige tang.    with red peppers? Of

course we¹11 also vant & soup.

F: Ei, nl JilLode tSi duō le.    Hey, youWe ordered too much.

WSmen liSngge rěn JiSo    If the two of us order two

li&ngge c盔i, ylge tāng    dishes and one soup, that

jiň gdu le.    will be enough.

M: Hǎo* Nlme nī shuo v6men    Okay* Then vhich two dishes

iiko něi liSngge cāi.    do you say ve should order?

F: Ylge Ml.p6 ddufu，ylge    M&p6 bean curd, chicken cubes gōngbSo jīding, hli ylto with red peppers, and ylge xiārěn guffba tang, shrimp and sizzling rice hEo bu hao? soup,, okay?

M: Hao. Zāl yāo ylge bisī    Okay, And spun taffy apples«

pingguo•

F: HSo.    Okay.

NOTES ON THE DIALOGUE

Dinner in a Szechvan Restaurant; China has a rich and varied tradition of cooking, due to the size of the country, the many different foods available, and the long history of. its culture. The nuniberoiis styles of cooking may be grouped into the following schools: The Northern School (JIng cili), The Sichuan School (Chuan CaLi) * The Hun£n School (Xiang Cili), The Shanghai School (HvL C&i)7~ The F{ijian School (Min Cfii), The Canton School (Yu各 Cili) > each vith its own distinct style ana famous dishes. It Is common to find restaurants representing most of these schools of cooking in many cities in China.

Dangr&n bii yio ylge tang: The speaker says 'HatixraU^ ve^fll also vant &^oup. """becaiise soup is a part of every Chinese meal, from the simplest lunch to the most elaborate dinner. The reason for this is that, unless toasts are being drunk, the Chinese do not drink beverages along with their meal. The soup, vhich is served at the end of the meal, is the main liquid of the meal.

32.    x%hňng8hi (Northern China)    tomato

33.    fānqii (Southern China)    tomato 3U • ōhāMi fork

35.    daoui    Jmife

36.    »ha6r (sh&ozi)    epoon

37.    H6og9ng    epoon

sb&or (sh^ozl) /11 iogfag: The vord Bhior is used more ±a Pricing,的ile tlioggpg is tiāed in other parts of the coxintiy* too.

Vocabulary

biiaSti    oabbage

bgo    to be satisfied

bi$ds    othev^ different

t)i备 \ňqi    don't be formal; don*t stand

on ceremony

tō. cud    'not bad*» in the sense of

¹pretty good,, .pretty well,

cii    main dishes, food

ohāzi    fork

dāngr&x    naturally* of course

dāozi    knife

dSufu    soy bean curd

fanqit    tomato

hǎochl    to be tasty, good to eat

JI    chicken

Ji^ndānde    something simple

JiSo    to order

jiding    diced chicken

j ipiScn    chicken 8 Hoes

kěfāa    * fixed meal¹, a type of meal

in vhich soup_y a main dish, rice and tea are all served for one price.

qiězi    eggplant

qlngjiāo    green pepper

Bh&or    epoon

H&oghtg    epoon

xiltōi    next time

xiar$n    shrimp

xlhSngehl    tomato

xuSdHu    enow peae

yizhSng    & kind, one kind

ydng    to use; vith

ydng kuiizi    to use chopsticks; with

chopsticks

zhingdanzi    check

zhīdao    to know

Restaurant Module, Unit 3

PART I

1.    W5 bū dōu kandedSng.    I can’t read all of it.

2.    Tīngting nīde Jianyi ba.    Let^fs hear your suggestions.

3.    Jīntiande hu&nghuā vH hen    Today¹s yellow fish is fresh.

xlnxian.

k• L&i ge HSngshāo Yu gen ylge    How about having one Red-

CSngbSo Nifirōu, zki iSi    cooked Fish and one Beef

yige Yūxiǎng Qiězi, hǎo    with Spring Onions, and

"bu hao?    then how about an Aromatic

Fiah-style Eggplant?

5.    Wo hen xihuan Zh&caLi Rdusī    I like Szechvan Hot Pickled

Tāng.    Cabbage and Pork Shreds

Soup.

6.    Nimen yao chi mlfkn haishi    Do you want to eat rice or

huājuar?    flower-rolls?

7.    Qlng ni suan yixia zhāng,    Please figure out the bill,

ba xlaofei yě suan zai    and figure in the tip, too. llmian.

8.    Iflmen    How many are you?

9.    yS gěi nīmen zhao ge w^izi.    I⁹ll look for eeate for you.

10.    Jintiande chi dou zai    The diōhe8 for today are

hēibanehang xiezhe ne.    written on the blac'kboard.

11.    Zh^r ehi gongnongbZn^    Thia is a labor ere farmers⁹ ^

ahitang.    ccnd eoldiere ⁹ dining hall,

12.    Zh^r měi 8hěnme hao ōbi_s    There really aren^ft any

ohidelai ma?    unuemlly good diehee here.

Ie it all right for you? ;

NOTES ON PART I

kandedong: This is a compound verb of result meaning ^fcan read and understand (It)¹. Its negative counterpart is klnbudSng, han’t read and understand (it)¹. See Meeting Module• Reference Notes for Unit 1 for a discussion of compound verbs of result.

Ta xlěde zi， vo kanbudSng. I can^ft read (understand)

his writing.

HvULnghua Yň: The Seiaena Sohelegeli is translated here as ,yellow fish¹. It is sometimes referred to in Chinese as hu£ng yu. In English, it is also called croaker, dnan fish, or China Bass. Since the hiaĀnghua yd is a fish native to China, any American fish name given to it, such as croaker, is at "best only a rough equivalent.

H$ng3hao Y<i: The ^fred-cooked* style of cooking involves steving the meat, or in this case, the fish₉ in soy sauce, sherry and water. It is called ¹red-cooked* because of the reddish^rown color the spy sauce gives the dish.

Cōngbao NitirSu: Beef with Spring Onions. Literally, this means ¹ spring onions-ftried beef¹. Bao is another method of cooking. It is similar to chao *sautě^f ₉ but uses less oil and highet heat.

ZhllcSi r5usī Tfog: Although translated here as * Szechvan Hot Pickled Cabbage • zh^ckl Is properly made from snuBtard green roots preserved with salt and hot pepper. It can be used to flavor foods or it can be eaten by itself.

mlfan: This word refers to cooked rice* It can also refer to rice dishes, such as chao f^n.

huǎJuSr: Flower-rolls are made of steamed bread, vhich 1)&8 been shaped into layers resembling petals.

8u£n ylxiS zhSng: The verb su&n means 'to figure, to calculate ⁹. Suan zhang means ,to figure accounts*, *to calculate the bill¹. Here the vord ytxi& follows the verb. The use of ylxlā after a verb has an effect similar to reduplicating the verb, that is it makes the action more casual.

zkl helbSnshang xiSzhe ne: *Zhe is the marker of DURATION of actions and states. It indicates that an action or state lasted for an amount of time. The marker ne, on the other hand, marks ONGOING (and therefore present) actions or states. In this expression the marker -zhe tells us that at some time the dishes CONTINUE

in the state of being written on the blackboard, and the marker ne tells us that that state is GOING ON now. -Zhe is used in sentences to describe activities which last over a period of time, whether that time is past, present or future. A verb plus »zhe in Chinese often corresponds to the ^ing¹ form of the vert in English.

ZSuzhe qxi kěyi ma?    Can you get there by walking?

W5men zudzhe shu5 hua.    Let¹s sit awhile and talk,

hSo bu hao?    okay?

Mlngtian vǎnshang, women    Tomorrov night vill it *be &

shi zudzhe chi, h£ishi    sit-down dinner or will ve

zhānzhe chi?    eat standing up?

Tā h£i bingzhe ne.    He is still sick.

g5ngn6ngbfng： This expression is a conglomeration of the vords for worker, g5ngren> ^f farmer¹, noncain• and •soldier¹, blnR. Notice that the first syllable (or only syllable) of each is used to make this abbreviated form.

chidelll: This is a compound verb of result vith the syllable -de- inserted between the action verb and the ending verb. This

pattern is .used to express the meaning ^!able to _¹ _ Usually

the second verb of the compound expresses the specific result of the action, but here the verb l£i expresses only the general idea of result. (The verb iti in this position has "been called a ’dunmiy result ending⁹.边 can also be used this way.) Although no specific result is expressed here, the pattern is still used because it expresses the idea of ^can¹ or ^!able to、

Meiguo cai， vo zuědelāi;    I can cook American food,

ZhSngguo cai, w5 zu&bulāi.    I can^tat cook Chinese food.

Meiguo cai, v5 hui zud;    I can cook American food,

Zhōngguo cai, vS ^6. huī zu3. I can't cook Chinese food.

Peking:

Three American women, vho have spent the morning sightseeing,

enter a cafeteria In a park. It is lunchtime and there are many

people. As the vomen get in line to order, an attendant in the

cafeteria co&es up to them.

M: Nlmen s&nvēi zoa?! WS gSi    There are three of you?!

nimen zhSo ge v 备isi, zhdr    1,11 look for seats for

r系n du5. (^tng gen wo    you. There are too many

lii,    people here. Please

follow me.

F: Xiěxie.    Thank you.

(After sitting down,)

M: Nīmen yio chī diar shinae?    What vould you like?

F: Tāmen d5u xiSng chī sh^tune? Vhat vould they likef (looking at her 'friends and deferring politely.)

M: Jintiande cSli dou zi± heibSn- The dishes for today are

shazxg xl^%he ne.    written on the 'blacl^board.

F: WS bit dou k&ndedSng. Tīngting I ccm^ft read all of it.

nīde Jlcbyi ba.    Let*8 hear your opinion.

M: Jīntiande h\x£ngh\i& yfi hSn    Today's yellov fish is

xīnxlan. L&l ge H6ngshaoyH₉ fresh. Hov about one Red-ylge Congbio NlfSrdu» sil    cookad Pish 丨 one Beef and

lii ylge YlSxlizig Qiisi, hXo Spring Onions, and one bu haoY    Aromatic Flth-style

Eggplant_$ all rightf

P: HSo. JIntian ySu shSnae    Vhat kind of 0019 is thare

tang?    today?

M: JXntian shi Xlh6ng0hi Jldin Today it^rs Tonato and Egg Tang.    Soup.

P: W8 hSn xihuan Zhlteii Rdusī    I like 8secfa«ran Hot Pickled

Tang. Nlaen y8u mat    Cabbage and Pork Shreds

Soi^p very nuch* Do you have itT

M: VSmen kiyl gSi nl sud.    We can nake boom for you.

P: HSojlie.    Wonderful.

M: Nimen yao chi mXfan haishi    Do you vant to eat rice or

huajuSr?    flower rolls

F: L&i sānvan fin, sange    How about bringing three

huājuar ba.    bowls of rice and three

flower-rolls?

M: Nimen hui y5ng kuaizi ba?    Can you use chopsticks?

P: Hui yōng, keshi yongde    Yes, but not too well.

tki hao.

(After eating.)

F: Cāi hen hǎo.    The food was good.

M: Nln chlhǎo le?! Women    Are you finished?! This

zhěr shi gōngnongbīng    is a laborers¹, farmers¹,

shftlLng. Mei sh豸nine    and soldiers^f dining hall,

hǎo c§i, Chldelfii ba?    There really aren*t any

unusually good dishes here. Was it all right for you?

F: FēichSng hSo. WSmen dou    It vas very good! We^fve all

chide hen bSo. Yfgong    had plenty• How much is

duoshao q.i£n?    it altogether?

M: Nln děng wo suSnsuan…    Wait while I figure it out...

Ylgdng wǔituai liň.    Altogether it's five dollars

and sixty cents.

F: Xiěxie. Zaijian.    Thank you. Qood-t)ye.

M: Bil xih. Qlng z^i lai.    Don't mention it. Please

come again•

NOTES AFTER DIALOGUE IN PART I

Notice that in this situation the cafeteria attendant does not let the foreigners stand in line for their food. Instead he waits on them getting them special food vhen possible. The Chinese feel that foreigners are their guests and should be treated accordingly.

W5 bu dōu kandedSng: Notice that the American voman chooses a rather indirect way of letting the Chinese attendant know that she cannot read. In the lines following, the attendant ansvers back simply suggesting some of the more tasty dishes, a courteous and face-saving response.

Hut yong% keshi ySngde bfi tai hSo: This is another courteous response. Here the American lets it be known that they can handle chopsticks, "but does so modestly.

Chldel£i ba?: Literally, 'Was it edible?⁹ or ⁹Could you eat

it?¹ Taipei:

• \

Three ftriends enter a restaurant in downtown Taipei at lunchtlae.

A vaiter comes up to them.

M: Qīngvěn, Jlvěi?    Hay I ask，hov many are you?

F: WSmen y5u sange rěn.    There are three of us.

M: Qlng gen wo l&i. Zxň zSi    Please follow me. Hov a1x)ut

zheli zěxmeyingl    sitting here?

F: HSo, xiěxie.    Fine, thank you.

(After sitting down.)

M: Zhě shi caidān. XiSng dlSn    This is the menu. What

xiē shěnme ciiT    dishes would you like to

order?

F: WSmen gang c6ng MSiguo l&i.    We.ve Just come from America*

Dul Zhōngguo c£l! *b1i tctl    Ve don't knov much about

dSng. Qlng ni jiěshāo    Chinese food. Please tell

yixia nimen zhělide cāi    us about the dishes here, ba*

M: W5men zhělide H6ngshāo Yu    The Red-cooked Fish is not

hen bū cuo. Cōng^elo    "bad here. The Beef with

NidrSu, Yuxiāng RousI ye    Spring Onions and the

hen hSo.    Aromatic Fish-style Pork

are also good.

F: NS Jixi jiSo zhě sānge cai    Then we* 11 order these

ba.    three dishes.

M: YlLo "bu yao lii ge tāng?    Would you like to order a

soup?

F: Nīmen y5u meiyou ZhScSi    Do you have Szechwan Hot

Rěusl Tāng?    Pickled Cabbage and Pork

Shreds Soup?

M: You. LlLi JlwSn fin?    Yes. And how many bowls of

rice shall I bring?

F: Xiān lii sanvǎn. B<i    First bring three bovls.

gSu zki jiao.    If that is not enough,

then we*11 order more.

M: Nimen hui bu hui ySng    Can you use chopsticks? kuaizi? Rliguo bu fāngbian If it's not convenient wo kěyi gel nimen huān for you, I can change chāzi. them to forks.

F: B1l y3ng le. WSmen dou、    It's not necessary. We all xihuan yōng kiiaizi. Ou! like to use chopsticks, zh爸li shǎole ylge ti^ogeng Oh, we¹ re short one spoon Qlng ni zii nl. yige l£i. here. Please bring another.

M: HSo, wo Jiū lii.    Okay, I¹11 be right back.

(After eating:)

M: Chi hSole ba? Cki zSnmeyāng?    Are you finished? Hov vas the

food?

F: Cāi h§n hSo. WSmen chide    The food vas good. We've had

hen b5o. Qīng ni suān    plenty. Please figure out

yixia zhang, ba xiaofěi    the bill, and figure in the

ye suan zk± llmian.    tip, too.

M: Hao, xiěxie. Zhě shi    Okay, thank you. This is the

zhingdan.    bill.

F: Zhě shi sānb&i kuili. B6    Here is three-hundred dollars•

bi zh&o le. VSmen z5u le.    Keep the change. We¹re

ZiiJitn.    leaving. Good-bye•

M: Xl^xle. Ziijiin.    Thank you. Goodie.

NOTES AFTER DIALOGUE IN PART I

WSmen gang c6n« MSiguo 1在i: In this sentence and the ones vhich follow the American modestly explains their situation and then asks for help. The waiter replies in a friendly and polite manner.

PART II

1.    Women hai měi chi ySumtngde    We still have not eaten the

KSo Yingrōu.    famous Mongolian Barbecued

Lamb.

2.    Chi Shuan Yangroude shlhou    When you^fre having Mongolian

hSi chi shěnme?    Hot Pot, what else do you

eat with it?

3.    Chule nid-yangrou ylvSi•    Aside from beef and lamb,

~y^u sbǎobing, hěi y8u    there^f s shaobing, cabbage,

"baicai, fensi, sh€nmede.    cellophane noodles and so

on.

k. Chi Shuan Yingrou, dōu ySu    When you're having Mongolian

shěnme zu6liāo?    Hot Pot, what condiments

are there?

5.    Eng! Shuōde wo dou 呈 le.    We^ffre talked so ffiuch I've

gotten hungry.

6.    YSu Jiāncr udu_M xiām    Th&re⁹8 soy aauae^ sesame

xiana oai^ doufu lu. zhīma    oil₃ Chineee parsley，fer-

ňicma* shirmsde.    merited bean ōurd sauce^

aeaame paete^ and so on.

7.    OH HongbZnlou ha.    Let^f9 go to the Hongbińlou.

8.    Duij jiň shi n^ige ffuimin    Rights it*9 that Moslem

fanguar.    rBōtaurant*

NOTES ON PART II

ySunilng: ^!To be famous^f, literally, ^fto have a name¹, is alvays negated with měi,

Kao YCngrSu: This is Mongolian Barbecued Lamb. It is thin slices of leunb dipped in a sauce of soy sauce， scallions, Chinese parsley, sugar, and sherry, and other condiments you can mix to your own taste, then grilled quickly over high heat. This meal is prepared at specialty restaurants which usually serve little else.

Shuan Yangrou: This meal requires that a pot with a source of heat beneath it (huSguō, literally ¹ fire pot¹) be placed in the middle of the table. Usually the pot is shaped in a ring with a chimney containing the heat source in the center. Each guest cooks his meat and vegetables in the boiling water of the fire pot, often with four or five people simultaneously keeping track of their food as it is cooking. After his meat is cooked he then dips it into various sauces and eats it. By the end of the meal, the water in the pot has become a highly flavored soup. FěnsI (see below) and vegetables are then dropped into it, and it is eaten.

chule«•*ylvai: This pattern is used to express the idea 'except for-•.¹, ’besides…¹, or ^faside from...¹. The second part, ylvai> is sometimes omitted.

Wo chtile mai yiběn shū, h£i In addition to buying one yko znǎi yiběn zazhi.    lx>ok, I also vant to buy

one magazine.

fensī: These are called ¹cellophane noodles¹ because their appearance is clear and glass-like. They are made from pea^starch and are s咖etimes called pea-starch noodles.

zuSliSo: This refers to various sauces used to dip the¹lamb in, and therefore translates as *condiment'. In other contexts, zuňli&o can mean ^fingredient*•

shuōde v8 dōu ě le: Here you see a verb, shuo, the syllable de, and the result of The action of talking (^S dou ě le.) A literal translation of the expression might "be ⁹Talk to (the point that) I'm already hungry. * The marker de carries the meaning ^fto the point of、*to the extent that*"Tn this es^ession.

xiang cil: A coarse, leafy, strong tasting type of parsley.

Peking:

This conversation takes place in late spring in Peking. A foreign student talks with & few of his Chinese classmates.

M: WS l£i Běijīng zh^zune Jiǔ    I,ve been in Peking for so

le, h&i mělyou jīhui q^L    long and I haven't yet

chi ySumlngde Kao Y&ngrdu,    had the chance to eat

ShulLn Y£ngrSu.    the famous Mongolian

Barbecued Lanb or Laaib Hot Pot.

F: Rōguo xiSng chi, Jiū kusli    If we want to eat it, then

chi *ba. Tiān rě le,    we should go soon. There

jiu měiyou le.    won^ft be any available

after the weather gets warmer.

M: Nā zhao Jige pěngyou zhěige    Well then, let's find some

Xlngqlli\i qu chi ShueLn    friends and go eat

Y&igrfiu. Nl shuō d&o nSr    Mongolian Lamb Hot Pot

qū chi?    this Saturday. Where do

you think we should go?

F: Qd H6ngblnl6u ba. Něige    Let's go to the Hongblnlou.

f&ngu&r hSn hSo.    That’s a good restaurant.

M: H5ngblnl6u?! Shi bu shi    HSngblnlou?! Is that over

zāl Xīdān nār? W5 Jide    by the Xldǎn? I remember

vS qil nkr chīguo guStiē.    I vent there once and ate

guōtiē.

F: Dul, Jiū shi něige Hulmin    That's right, it's that Moslem

fSngu&r•    restaurant•

M: Tāmende guōtiē zhěn hSochī    Their guōtiē are really

yě piānyi.    tasty and cheap.

F: Wǔge guōtiē ytmlLoěr, shi    Five guōtiē for twelve cents,

bu shi?    right?

M: Shi, wS chile shlvuge, měi    Yes, I ate fifteen, didn^ft

chī biěde, chīde hen bǎo.    eat anything else，and vas

Ei! Chi ShuSn Yfingrōude    full. Hey, when you're

shlhou hai chī shěnme?    having Lamb Hot Pot, what

else do you eat?

F: Chtile nifi-yěngrōu yīviti,    Aside from beef and lamb,

y5u shSobing, hfii ySu    There's shāoMng, cabbage

b£icai_s fěnsī* shěnmede.    cellophane noodles and so

on.

M: Chi Shu&n YěngrSu d5u ySu    When you^fre having Mongolian

shěnme zu6liao?    Hot Pot, vhat condiments

are there?

F: YSu Ji&ig y6u, xlāng y6u,    There^fs soy sauce, sesame

xiang cai ₉ dōufu lu,    oil, Chinese parsley, fer-

zhima    shěnmede.    mented bean curd sauce,

sesame paste, and so on.

M: Eng! ShuSde w5 dōu 备 le.    Oh, we^fve talked so much

y5 āko chī zhēngfinde    I*ve gotten hungry, and

shlhou le.    it's lunch time.

F: Z5u, qū shltfing chī tin qjX. Let's go, ve丨 11 go to the

dining hall and eat.

Taipei:

This conversation takes pl&ce in winter in Taipei• A foreign

student and some of his Chinese classmateB are in a northern

Chinese restaurant, waiting for the food to come.

F: JIntian chi Shuin Yingrdu    It¹8 nice to "be having

hen hSo.    Mongolian Hot Pot today.

M: Shi, vS zSo Jiii tīngshuō    Yes, I We heard for a long

Shuin Yingrdu shi ySumlngde    time that Mongolian Hot

ZhSngguo beifang cdi.    Pot is a famous northern

Chinese dish.

F: Chī Shu&n Yluigrdu, rěn duō,    If ve have more people,

chlqilai fēich&ig y5u ylsi.    eating Mongolian Hot, Pot

is very Interesting.

M: Tīngshuō chī Shu&i Y&ngrSude I^,av*e heard that vhen you shlhou ySo ySng hen duō    eat Mongolian Hot Pot,

zu6liāo, shi bu shi?    you use a lot of

condiments.

F: Dui, ySu Ji&ng y6u, xiang y6u, That’s right, there¹s soy

xi&ng c在i， ddufu lǔ, zhīma    sauce, sesame oil， Chinese

JiSLng. Chule rdu gēn zuSliāo parsley, femented bean curd yivii, h&i ySu b&icitl, ddufu» sauce_t and sesame paste. fSnsI, shěxuaede.    Aside from the meat and the

condiments ₉ there are also cabbage, doufu, cellophane noodles, and so on.

M: Dōngxi zhen bū shSo a.    There are really lots of

things.

F: HSo, nī kflLn> l&l le.    Good， look, it^fs here.

NOTES AFTER DIALOGUE IN PART II

běifSng c^i: The syllable -fang means *place¹ or ^fregion*. It is added to direction vords to form the name of a place. Beifang cki refers to Northern Chinese cuisine. N^nfang cali refers to cuisine south of the Yangtze river, including the Shanghai school of cooking and the Cantonese school of cooking.

PART III

1.    Zhěxiē c&i dōu shi w5    I cooked all these dishes

zl.1ǐ zuode.    myself.

2.    Wo ,1uěde Zhōngguo rěn jiāli    I feel that Chinese home-

zuode cai zhēn hǎochī.    cooked dishes are truly

tasty.

3.    Lai ge baoblng gēn Muxu Rdu. Have a baoblng and some

Moshi Pork.

k• Zhěge sūcai hen xiang.    This vegetarian vegetable

dish is very fragrant.

5.    Zhěge cāi Jiao T&ngcň    This dish is called Sveet    I

Baicāi.    and Sour Cabbage.

6.    Nl yao bu yao dian Qingdou    Would you like some Shrimp

Xiārěn.    vith Green Peas?

----i

NOTES ON PART III

b&obing: These are thin, vheat cakes, usually rolled out and cooked in pairs that are separated before use. They resemble thin, French crepes in appearance. They are eaten with dishes

instead of rice.

M^xu Rou: This is a pork dish cooked with egg. It is eaten with baobingT A spoonful of Mibcu R5u is placed in the middle of a boobing* Then it is rolled up and eaten»

sucai: This is a vegetable dish made with no meat sauces or flavorings at all, and is therefore correctly called a vegetarian vegetable dish. Although sūcSi are aade without the use of meat sauces or meat flavorings, they are often artfully seasoned and formed in such a way that they resemble meat very closely.

xiang: This is the adjectival verb ^fto be fragrant^v. Zhěge 8\icSi hen xiang,, could also be translated as ,This vegetarian vegetable dish has a good aroma、 The verb xiang is often used when talking about food to refer to dishes vith garlic or ginger.

Tftlpel:

Miss Wang invites an American couple, Mr. and Mrs. White to her

apartment for dinner. They are Just sitting down to dinner•

F: Qlng zud! Qing zuS!    Please sit down. Please

• " Dōu shi w5 zijl    sit down. ••• I made this

zuode. Bu zhīdao hao    all myself. I don't know

bu haochl.    if it’s tasty or not.

M: Ylding haochī* WS juěde    It vill certainly be tasty.

Zhongguo rěn Jiali zuSde    I feel that Chinese home-

cii zhēn haochl.    cooked dishes are truly

tasty.

(As she gives Mr. White some food, Miss Wang says:)

F: Lii ge biobīng gēn Mūxu    Have a baoblng and some

r3u.    Moshi Pork.

M: Zhěge s\iceLi hen xiāng.    This vegetarian vegetable

Jiao shetune?    dish is very fragrant.

What is it called?

F: JiiLo T&igcii B£icai.    It^fs called Sveet and Sour

Cabbage.

M: W&ng Xi&ojie, nī hSn hui    Miss Wang, you really knov

zud cii. Nl shi zSi    how to cook. Where did

n&ll xuěde?    you learn?

F: JiO. shi zti Jiāli xuěde.    I Just learned at home.

WS mǔqin hln hui zu3 clLi,    VSy mother really knows

kSshi w5 Jill hui zud Jige    hov to cook, but I only

cāi, yě zudde bd tSi hSo.    know hov to cook a few

dishes, and I don’t make those very well.

M: Nl tSi kěqi. Zhěge shi    You¹re too polite. This

xiǎ ba.    must be shrimp.

F: Dui le. Zhěge shi QIngdSu    That^fs right. This Is

Xiārěn. Nimen h&i yato bu    Shrimp with Green Peas,

yao diSn fin?    Would you like some

more rice?

M: Bil yio le. WSmen yījing chide No. We've already eaten hSn du5 le.    a lot.

F: HSo. QXng nSmen duo chi dlSn All right. Please have more cili.    of the disheB,

Vocabulary

b&oblng    thin rolled* wheat-flour

pancake

ohtdal&i    Ib it all right for you

(to eat)?

chūle ••• yīvii    aside from, in addition to

cōng    scallion

Cǒngbāo Nidrdu    Beef vith Spring Onions

cvl    vinegar

ddufu lǔ    fermented bean curd sauce

各    to be hungry

fěnsī    cellophane noodles

gdngndngbtng    workere^ farmera, Boldiera

heibSn    blaokboard

U6ngblnl6u    name of a restaurant

H6ngsh&o Y<i    Red-cooked Fish

hu&juXr    flower-rolls

hu&nghuǎ yfi    yellow fish    ¹

HutrrAn    Moelm

jitnyf    proposal, suggestion

y$u    ooy sauce

juěde    to feel that

kSo    to roast

KSo Yfingrdu    Mongolian Barbecued Lanib

mXfdn    rice (cocked)

Mvbcu Rdu    Moshi Pork (pork fried vith

eggs) and served vith bǐoblng

qīngddu    green peas

Qlngddu Xiarin    Shrimp vith Green Peas

shtting    eating hall

Shuin Y&ngrdu    Mongolian (Lamb) Hot Pot

suin    to calculate, figure out

svňn zhflLng    to figure out the check

būc Si!    vegetable dishes

t&ngcū    sveet and sour

T&igci B&icill    Sveet and Sour Cabbage

-udi    counter for perecme (polite)

wHui    eeat_s place

xiang    to be fragrant

xiingcil    Chinese parsley

xlāngy5u    sesame oil

xlXofdi    tip, gratuity

to be fresh

yCngrdu    leunb

jSuālng    to be famous

shleil    hot pickled cabbage (Szechvan)

-she    marker of DURATION of an

action

»Mm jiing    aMoma paste

ztjl    oneself

su6llio    condlnents₉ Ingredients

Restaurant Module, Unit U

PART I

1.    Wo dǎsuan zhěige Xlngqlllxi    I^fd like to arrange a (one

vǎnshang liudian zhōng    table) dinner party for

ding yizhuō xl«    this Saturday evening at

six o¹clock.

2.    Wo xiang zai nimen nkli qing I^fd like to have tvo tables

liangzhuō ke.    of guests at your place,

3.    Nl yao duōshao qiande    What price level would you

Māozhun?    like?

k. Nl kan duōshao qian yige    What price per person do

rěn hěshit ne?    you think would be

suitable?

5.    WSmen qlngde kěren duōbSn    Most of the guests that we

shi Zhōngguo rěn.    invited are Chinese.

6.    Cii shi nl zijl dian ne    Will you choose the dishes

haishi r&ng women pěi ne?    yourself or have us select

them?

了. Sige , lengpfo• liiidāo cSi,    How about four cold dishes,

ylge tāng, ylge ti&acSi,    six main courses» one soup»

zenmeycLng?    and one dessert?

8.    Jiǔ del Itngv^l sukn.    The liquor is figured

separately.

9.    Ēměi Canting    The Omei Restaurant. (A

restaurant in Taipei.)

10.    Xiāge Xingqitian ehi w6    Next Sunday is my husband⁹o

xiānshengde ōhēmjri*    birthday*

11.    Fěmz&uu&n.    (The name of a restaurant in

Peking.)

NOTES ON PART I

ding yizhuō xl: ^fTo    arrange a formal dinner¹, more literally

^rto make arrangements for    a one table banquet¹. The counter for

xi> ^fa feast or banquet¹,    is -zhruǒ, •table'.

duōshao qiinde biāozhun: ,What price level¹. Biaozhun literally means ¹ standard¹. Duōshao qiinde biaozhun could also "be translated more literally as *a standard costing how much¹, where du5shao qlĀn 'how much does it cost?¹ modifies "biaozhun> 'standard'•' You will also hear duōshao qi£n biaozhunde,, with the marker de placed at the end of the phrase. In this case the vhole phrase ^fwhat price level^f modifies the noun Jiuxl, ^fbanquet^f, vhich has been left out of the sentence because it is understood.

kě： This word for guest is interchangeable with kěren,

duobcLn: ^fMost of...¹. DuSban is a noun and is used in the subject position.

Tāmen duōban dōu "bti q.\i.    Most of them are not going.

Duōbin shi niān Zh5ngvěn ne. Most of them are studying

Chinese.

rSng vSmen pěi.> >: ^fHave us select...¹, or more literally ^fallov us to select...¹. The verb pěl means ^fto match'. Dishes are matched to make a formal menu in Chinese.

lěngpin: *001(1 dishes¹ or appetizers start off the menu in a formal Chinese dinner. Four cold dishes followed by six to eight main courses, a soup and a dessert is one type of menu arrangement used for formal dinners. Four cold dishes, four sauteed dishes and four main dishes, soup and dessert in another type of formal menu.

Cold dishes are usually prepared so as to be pleasing to the eye as well as the palate. Cold cooked meats and vegetables are arranged in colorful designs.

jiu: Literally, this means 'liquor*. It is a term referring to any kind of alcoholic beverage from light beers and vine to hard liquor.

Ěměi Canting: This is the name of a restaurant offering Szechvan style cuisine. Omei (fiměl) is the name of a mountain range running through Szechvan.

Peking:

A conversation on the telephone.

M: Wěi!    Hello!

F: Věi! Shi Fēngzěyuin ma?    Hello! Is this the Fangzeyuan?

M: Shi a! Nln n&r a?    Yes. Who is this?

F: WS rfng Hu4i Tě.    My name is White.

M: Ou, Hu&i Tě Nushi.    Oh, Ms. White.

F: WS dS8uan zhěige Xīngqīliil    I'd like to arrange a (one

vSnshang liūdiSn zhong    table) dinner party for

ding yizhuo xl.    this Saturday erening at

six o'clock.

M: DuōshSověi ne?    Hov nomy people?

F: Shlge rěn.    Ten people.

M: Nln y^o duōshao qifinde    What price level vould you

biaozhun?    like?

' \

F: Nl kān duōshao qi&n ylge    .What price per person do

rin hishl ne?    you think vould be

suitable?

M: WSmen ySu shldrkuSli qi&n    We have & jSl2 standard, &

Maozhunde₉ ySu shlvSku&i    015 standard and a $20

qifin l^iaozhSnde, y8 ySu    standard. There are also

2rshiku2i qlin biaozhSnde.    more expensive ones.

H&i ySu g^ng guide.

P: Ou, w5 xlSxxg shlvQkuii qiia 0h« I think the $13 standard biaozhSnde jlxl xlng le.    vlll be all right*

M: Cili shi nln zijl diin ne    Will you choose the dishes

hii8hl ring vSmen pdi net    yourself or have us seleet

them?

F: W5 bii t紅 dSng. Nimen gSi    I don*b knov too much about

vo pěi ba.    it. You select them for

me.

M: Sng, h&o ba. Women gěi    Mmn, okay. We'll select

nin pel. ••• Ylge da    for you. One large cold

l§ngp£n» tiāko cki₉ yige    platter, eight main courses,

tang, y£ge ti^nc^i.    one soup, and one dessert.

F: HSo.    Good.

M: 0u» nimen hē Jiǔ ma?    Oh, will you "be drinking

something (alcoholic)?

Fs He, kSshi hēde bil tdi duō.    Yes, but we von't *be drinking

too much.

M: Jiu dei lingwāi suin.    The liquor is figured

additionally.

F: Ou, nk mei věnti.    Oh, that^fs no probl咖.

M: HSo. Jiū zhěnme bin ba.    Okay, Then let's do it that

way.

F: HSo. Xiěxie ni.    Good. Thank you.

ROTES FOLLOWING DIALOGUE I

Si yko duōshao qi£n biaozhunde?: In restaurants in Peking, dinners for a group of people can be arranged on a price per person basis. The restaurants often have several standard priced menus to choose from.

Yfge dS lgngp&n: One large cold platter instead of several smaller cold dishes may be used in making up the menu for a dinner. One large cold platter, eight main courses, a soup and a dessert is another type of menu for & dinner.

q 12. HSngahāo Yūohi    Red-oooked Shark⁹8 Fin

13. Xiāngōū īā    Fragrant Crispy Duck

lU. Gānshao Mtngxiā    Dry-cooked Jwribo Shrimp

Szechuan Style

I

15.    Fuffui Jī    Beggar⁹e Chicken

16.    Tangau Yū    Sweet and Sour Fish

1了. Mīzhī Huotut    Ham in Honey Sauce

10. Ddnggua Zhong    Winter Melon Soup served

in the Carved Melon Shell

19.    Babao Fbn    Eight Jewel Rice

20.    Xlngv^n Ddufu    Almond Pudding

NOTES ON VOCABULARY NOS, 12-20

H6ng8hao Yūchi: Shark¹s Fin is considered a delicacy by the Chinese because it is rare, nutritious and has & smooth, chewy texture vhen cooked. Some people think that it is best prepared in the red-cooked style.

Xiangsu Ya: Fragrant Crispy Duck is marinated and steamed with onions, wine, ginger, pepper and anise, then deep fried quickly for a crispy result. This method of preparing duck is an example of southern style cooking.

Ftlgui JI: 'Beggar⁹8 Chicken* is a whole chicken vrapped in vet clay, then roasted until very tender. It is said that this method of preparation vas first used "by beggars. Originally this dish vas called JiSohua JI, literally 'Beggar's Chicken¹; but as the dish became popular among the upper class， the name changed to Fňgul Jī₉ literally ¹Riches and Honor Chicken^f•

DSnggua ZhSng: Winter melon, mushrooms, and ham go Into this soup* On festive occasions the melon shell is carved with decorations, such as dragons» and used as a bovl for serving the soup. This is a Cantonese specialty•

Xingrěn pSnfu： This is translated here as 'Almond Pudding⁹. Because Xlngren DSufu^ with its light consistency_y is s咖evhere betveen a pudding and a gelatin, *Almond Gelatin¹ vould also be a fitting translation of the name.

Babao Fltn: ,Eight Jewel Rice、This is sveet sticky rice (ndmi) vith preserved fruits. The rice is shaped into a mound and decorated with some of the preserved fruit.

Taipei:

An American voman calls a restaurant in TfiibSi.

M: Wěi, ĚDxěi Canting.    Hello. Omei Restaurant.

F: Wěi. VS shi Bii TiLitai.    This is Mrs. White. Next

Xi&ge Xīngqītiān shi vS    Sunday is my husband*8

xiānshengde shengri.    "birthday. I'd like to

W5 xiSng zHi nimen nkli    invite two tables of guests

qlng liangzhuō kě.    at your place.

M: HSo, hSo_    Good, good.

F: WSmen ySu ěrshige rěn.    There vill be twenty of us.

VS y&o ding liangzhuS c^l.    I’d like to reserve two

Nl kdn del duōshao qifin?    tables and order some

dishes. Hov much do you think it will cost?

M: Zui shSo dSi vǔq.iān    At least five thousand

kuāli yizhuō. Nī shi    dollars & table.

Meiguo rěn ma?    Are you an American?

F: Shi. WS shi Meiguo rěn.    Yes, I^vm an American.

M: Nī qīngde kěren ne?    And the people you^fve

invited?

F: DuǒbcLn shi ZhSngguo rěn.    Most of them are Chinese.

M: HSo. W8 xiSngylxlang    Okay. Let me think how

zSzuae gSi nl p荟i cli.    I^fll choose the dishes for

…Eng* Ylge dei iSngp&x,    you.…Mm. Hov about

liild^o cili, ylge tāng,    one large cold dish, six

ylge ti&nc在i, zSnmeyibg?    main dishes, one so\q>₉

and one dessert?

F: Eng. HSo! HSo! Nl gěi    ttan. Good. Good. Tell me

wo shuōshuō liūdio c在i    a bit about vhat the Bix

shi shěnme cii.    main course are.

M: Nimen xīhuan chi ldde，shi    You like to eat hot dishes _v

bu shi?    don’t you?

F: Dui. WSmen xihuan chī lclde. That's right. We like to

eat hot dishes.

M:成o. W5 gSi ni pdi jige    Okay. I^fll select some hot

1在 cii. DiyI, HSngshao    dishes for you. First，

Yfichi.    Red-cooked Shark’s Fin.

F: HSo*    Good.

M: Didr, Xiangsu Ya.    Second, Fragrant Crispy

Duck*

F: HSo.    Good*

M: DisSn， G£n8hao Mlngxia.    Third, Dry-cooked Jumbo

Shrimp Szechwan Style.

F: H&o,    Good.

M: Dis戈，Fxigui JI.    Fourth, Beggar's Chicken.

P: HSo.    Good.

M: Zii l&i ylge T&ngcil YU    And hov about a Sveet and gen ylge MizhI HuStuI Sour Fish and a Han in zSzu&ey&ig? Honey Sauce, too?

F: H§n h8o, hSn h2o. Tang shi Very good, very good.、 shěnme tang?    Vhat is the soup?

M: DSnggua Zh5ng.    Winter Melon Soup served

in the carved Melon Shell.

F:    Good.

M: Tifinc&L nl kin ylU) B&sl    For dessert do you think you

Pingguo* h&lshl BSbSo Fin,    vant Spun Taffy Apples» or

h&ishi Xingrěn Ddufu?    Eight Jewel Rice, or Almond

Pudding?

F: W8 k^n BSbSo 7ka hSo yidiSn. I think the Eight Jevel Rice

vould be better.

M: HXo.    Fine.

PART II

21.    Madlng Nushi, JIntian    Ms. Martin, today we bid you J

shi gěi ni songxlng.    farewell.

22.    Nl shi zhukě.    You are the guest of honor.

23.    Dajia dou qīng zuo.    Everyone, please sit down,

2k. Biě Sin gěi wo jiān cāi.    Don^ft Just be selecting out

food for me.

25.    Qing d&jiā dou gǎn yibēi.    Let^fs all drink a glass.

26.    Zh\i tā shēntl .liSnkapg^    Let^f s all wish her good

~gōngzuS shSali,    health and work that goes

veil.

2了，Hěl yao zh\i ta yilyj plngan!    And ve also want to wish her

a good journey!

28.    Wo bū hui hē jiǔ. DiLJia    I*m not much of a drinker.

dou suiyi ba.    Please everyone» drink as

you like.

29.    Zul Ji    Drunken Chicken

NOTES ON PART II

zhukě; At a Chinese banquet the guest of honor sits farthest away from the door, the inner-most place in the room. The host sits nearest the door, on the serving side of the table.

Biě Ain gěi vo jian cki: This expression is often used at dinner parties. It is good hospitality for the host or hostess to serve the guests individually from time to time, picking out tender morsels for them. Fellow guests may also do this for the guest of honor.

gān yibēi: ^fDrink a glass、literally ^fdry 孤 glass' (meaning ^fto make the glass dry "by emptying it). Since wine cups are small, the usual toast is Gān bēi!• ¹Bottoms up!^f For people vho don't like to drink too much, the phrase Sulyi• ^fAs you like¹, vill serve as a reply indicating that the vhole cup need not be emptied. See the note on sufyi below.

Zui Ji: ^f Drunken Chicken¹. l?he name of this dish comes from the way in vhich it is prepared. The verb zui ^fto get dnulk^,, refers to the fact that the chicken is marinated in wine at least over-night. This dish originates with the Shanghai school of cooking. It is served cold.

W8 bil hui he Jiu. Dctjia dōu suiyt ba.: Chinese drinking etiquette requires that if someone doesn^ft vant to participate in the full range of drinking activities, he should so indicate early on,

Peking:

M: Hei! Nimen dou lfii le.    Hey! You^fve all come.

Qlng zu3» qīng zu3.    Please sit down, please

••• MSdīng Nushi, JXntian    sit down. Ms. Martin,

shi gěi ni sosigxing. Hi    today we bid you farewell,

shi zhǔk^. Qlng nl zuB    You are the guest of honor,

zeli zhěr.    Please sit here.

FI: HSo. Xiěxie» xiěxie.    Ok^r, thank you, thank you.

M: Dltjiā dōu qlng zud.    Everyone please sit down.

(After everyone has sat down and chatted for awhile _v the col^d dishes and wine are served.)

M: )&dīng Nushi, nī chi    Ms. Martin, have some of this

diar zhěige lěngpin.    cold dish.

FI: Hao, v5 zijt lii.    Fine, 1*11 serve myself.

…Eng, zhěige Zul JI    …Man, this Drunken

zudde zhēn hSo.    Chicken is made really

veil.

M: Yāoshi xihuan chī jiii du5    If you like it then have

chī yidiǎr.    a little more.

(Here he serves or points to the dish vith his chopsticks.)

FI: Hao.    All right.

(Ms. Martin turns to Section Chief Wang vho is Bitting next to her and has just given her & little bit of one of the dishes.)

FI: W&ūg Kēzhang! Hi ye chī a!    Section Chief Wang. You

Biě Jin gěi wo jiān c^i.    eat too! Don^fat just be

selecting out food for me.

F2: HSo. WS chī, vS chī.    Okay, I'm eating

M: JIntian w5men gěi MSdīng    Today ve "bid Ms. Martin

Nushi sdngxlng• Qlng    farevell• Let *s all

dfiljia dou gān yibēi!    drink a glass. Let's all

Zhh ta shēntl Jiankāng,    vish her good health and

gongzuS shiinll.    work that goes veil.

F2: H£i ylo zhū tā yflQ.    And ve also vant to wish her

pfngān!    a good Journey!

FI: Xiěxie Lī Chiizhang.    Thank you Division Chief

Xiěxie W&ig Kě zhang.    Li. Thank you Section

Xiěxie diLJiǎ. Wo    Chief Wang. Thank you

hui hē Jiǔ. DeLJiā    everyone. I^fm not much

sulyi ba.    of a drinker. Everyone

drink as you like.

(The hot dishes are now being served.)

M: DSjia mebunǎr chī. Duō chi    Everyone take your time.

yidiSr.    Have a little more.

NOTES FOLLOWING PART II DIALOGUE

Most of the entertaining at a Chinese dinner party takes place at the dinner table, although there is some tea drinking and chatting both before and after the meal in other rooms. The dinner is served at a leisurely pace so that each dish may be savored and talked about. A good dish is appreciated for its appearance as much as its taste, texture and aroma. As each dish is eaten, toasts will be made* The host will start off *by toasting the guest of honor and then other guests as a group. As the evening progresses he will toast each guest in turn and each guest will probably propose a toast of his own in honor of the host. A strongly flavored liquor (gaollang    a milder rice wine (huSng

Jiu) • or beer may *be served. Guests usually drink only vhen toasting. If you^fd like to take a drink of something you either propose a toast or catch someon's eye and silently toast each other.

m&ximar chi In sentences expressing commands or requests _f an adjectival verb describing manner precedes the main vert.

Kuāi yidiSr kai!    Drive a little faster!

K\xki l&i!    Come here quickly!

In the sentence, mitnmar chi, the adjectival vert coming before the main verb, m&n， is reduplicated with the second syllable changing to a high tone. This also happens in a few other Instances•

Kuilkuarde chī!    Quickly eat!

成ohārde zud!    Do it veil!

PART III

30.    Xianzai rang women dajiā    Now let^fs all toast her.

jtng ta ylbei.

31.    Zhěige Kao Yā ni ye changchang. You must also taste the

Peking Duck

32.    WS xiān nā yige b&obīng. Ba I first take a pancake.

yā rdu fhngzai    (He is ōepccrating one

Zai ba dong aen .iiār^r fang- pancake.) Take the duck zai yā ^bu ōhangtou. RarJibu meat and put it in the juartQilai jiii kěyi oht    middle. Then take the

8ōallion ccnd the paste and put it on top. After that, roll it up, and then you can eat it.

33.    Xūn    Smoked Chicken

3U. Zha Xiaqiū    Deep Fried Shrimp Balls

NOTES OH PART III

jing: This is the verb ^fto offer (something) respectfully¹. It is used here ceremonially in the phrase ¹offer her a glass¹ meaning 'to toast her¹.

JuSnqllai: This compound verb is made of Juǎn> ，to roll¹, ql, ^fto rise, go or come up*, and lii ^fto come^f * Both Peking Duck and Mibcu Rdu are eaten rolled up in pancakes •

Xūn JI: For this dish, chicken is smoked in a vapor from burning tea leaves. This example of Peking cuisine is served as a cold dish or a hot dish.

Zha Xiaqlll: Zha is the verb ,to deep fry¹. This is a Shanghai dish of shredded shrimp shaped Into balls and then deep fried,

Jiitog: ¹Paste¹. The paste which is eaten with Peking Duck is tiěnmiinjiang, ^f sweet "bean paste¹ •

Taipei:

M: JIntian women ddjiā zai    Today ve are all here at

zheli chi fan shi huanylng    this banquet to welcome

Wei Xia6jie c6ng MSiguo d^o    Miss Williams who has come

TĀiběi lii gōngzud. Xīvang    from America to work in

ta zai women gongs i gong zuo    Taipei. We hope that her

shunli• …Xianzai rang    work at our company goes

vomen dlljiā jing ta yibēi!    smoothly. ••• Now let^fs

all toast her!

F: Xiěxie» xiěxie*    Thank you! Thank you!

(The hot dishes are being served.)

M: Wei Xi&ojie, zhě shi    Miss Williams, this is

Kao Ya. Nl z盔i Meiguo    Peking Duck. Have you ever

chlguo měiyou?    eaten this in America?

F: Měiyou. WS ziLi MSiguo    No. I^fve eaten Chinese food

chīguo jici ZhSngguo fUn,    several times in America,

keshi měi chīguo KSo Ya.    but I 丨ve never eaten Peking

Roast Duck.

M: HSo. WS gcU>su ni zSzune chi.    Okay, 1*11 teU you hov>It is

WS xian n£ ylge ^bioHng. BS eaten. I first take a yā rdu fEngzai zhSngJlān.    baobfng and put the duck

ZeLi bS cōng gen jiibg fingzai meat in the middle. Then ya r3u shdngtou. R&nhdu    take a scallion and some

JuSnqilai kěyi chi le.    paste and put it on top of

the duck meat. After that, roll it up_t then you can eat it.

F: HSo. VS zhīdao le.    Good, now I*ve got it.

(Miss Williams tries it.)

F: Eng. Zhige KXo Ya zhēn    Itan. This Peking Duck is

hSochī.    really tasty.

M: Zhige Xūn JI gen Zhi Xiaqiū    You should try the Smoked

nī yS ch&ngchang.    Chicken and the Deep Fried

Shrimp Balls, too.

F: HSo. HSo. WS sijl l&i.    Good. 1*11 serve nyself•

(After they finish eating.)

M: W8i Xiiojie, nl chībSo le ma? Miss Williams, have you

eaten your fill?

F: ChrbSo le*    Yes.

M: JIntian vSnshangde ccLi    Which of tonight¹ s dishes

nī zui xihuan nSge a?    do you like the most?

F: MSige c&i dou hSochī.    All the dishes are tasty.

KSshi v8 zui xīhuan    But I like the Peking

KSo YS.    Roast Duck best.

M: Ou, nā h&o. Xiet yicl vSmen    Oh, that¹ s good. We’ll

kěyi zlli l£i zhěli chī    have to come here again

Kao Ya.    to eat Peking Roast Duck

sometime.

F: Hen hao. Hen hao. Xiěxie,    Good. Thank you. xiěxie

NOTES AFTER DIALOGUE FOR PART    III

V5 zijl 1Ā1: This is a polite vay for a guest to respond vhen the host has been serving him specially.

Xi£ yfci vSmen kěyi zki l£i zhěli chi Kao Ya,: The use of the phrase xiS ytci makes it sound as~if they are making definite plans about the next time they come to eat here, vhen in fact they are Just talking generally about some future time. In English, we use ^fsometime¹ rather than 'next time¹, as in •We'll have to get together again sometime.¹

Vocabulary

Bab&o Fhn    Eight J0190I Rioe

biaozhun    level or standard

ch£ng    to taste_y to savor

dajia    everybody

-dlo    (counter for a course of a

meal)

ding ylzhuS xi    reserve & table for a*dinner

party

Ddnggua Zhdng    Winter Melon Soup eewed

in the Caro^d Melon Shsll duǒblLn    most of, the greater part of

ĚmH Cānttng    The Omei Reetcammt (a rMtau-

rant in Taipei)

FingBiyu&n    (The nom0 of a reetcairant in

Peking)

FUgul Ji    Beggar ⁹e Chiokm

Ganehāo Mtngxiā    Dry^oodkad Jumbo Shrinp ,

Szeohaan Style

gǎn yibēi    to drink a glass (lit. to

make & glass dry) gongzud ahilnli    the work that goes veil

hěshi    to be suitable, to be fitting

HŌngehāo lūoM    Red-woked Shark⁹8 Fin

JiSn    to select» pick out

Ji&nkang    to be haolthy

filing    pastē^ bēan paste

Jin    (continually) ₉ only. Just

jing    to offer someone something

JiQ.    liquor, vine

JuSnqilai    to roll up

KSo 23    Peking Duak

(k^ren)    guest(8)

lSngpfin    cold dish

lingvii    In addition to» additionally

mlngxiā    shrimp

Mizh% HuBtut    Bam in Honey Sauce

pel    to find something to match>

to match things

pěi cki    to select dishes for a formal

menu

rkng    to allow, to have someone do

something

shěngri    birthday

shēntī Jiankang    good health

shtbili    to go veil, without difficulty

sdngxfng    to see a person off

sulyi    according to one's wishes

TSngdl Yū    Street and Sour Fish

tifincai    dessert

Xiāngōū Yā    Fragrant Crispy Duak

Xingrěn Ddufu    Almond Pudding

ISm Ji    Smoked Chicken

yā    duck

yllū plngān    have a nice trip; bon voyage

(lit. a safe journey)

y<i    fish

ydchi    shark^f s fin

zhu    to vish (someone something)

zhǔkě    guest of honor

ZhĚL XiĀqiū    Deep Fried Shrimp Balls

zhangj iān    middle

Zut Ji    Drunken Chicken

FOODS

Unit

Rōu (Meat)    —

huotul bam    1

nidrdu beef    1

p^igu spare ribs    -

ylLngrdu lamb    3

zhūrdu pork    *

JI, Yazi (Chicken, Duck)

jī chicken    2

ya, yazi duck    k

Y6 Xla (Fish and Shrimp)

baoyu abalone    -

dixia pravn    -

hu&ighua yd yellov fish    3

l6ngxia lobster    -

p£ngxle crab    -

xiārěn shrimp _f    2

y6uyfi squid    -

ydcht shark⁹ 8 fin    k

ShiiSCguo (TrrxLt)

fěngll pineapple (Taiwan)    ■

buolu6 pineapple (Mainland)    ■

Jlizi tangerine (Taiwan)    -

jdzi orange (Mainland)    •

lizhl lichee    -

llzl plus    -

liǔdīng orange (Taivan)    •

n&ngguo mango    -

pingguo apple    -

piitao grape    ■

xiangjioo banana    -

xīgu& v&temelon    •

Qlngcll (Vegetables)

b&i lu6bo    vhite radish    ■

b&lcii    cabbage    2

bocili    spinach    -

cong    scallion, green onion    3

donggu    dried black mushroom    -

donggua    winter melon    -

dong8Ǔn    bamboo shoot    •

dduya    bean sprouts    2

fanqiě    tomato    -

h1ilu6bo    carrot    -

hu&ngguS    cucumber    -

lā Jiao    red (hot) pepper    •

m&r    wood ear, tree fungus    -

qiěsl    eggplant    2

qīngddu    green peas    -

qīngjiao    green pepper    -

qlnccli    celery    -

xiangclli    Chinese parsley    3

xīh6ngshi    tomato    2

xuSddu    snov pea pods    2

y£ngcong    onion    -

y&iggu    button mushroom    -

Zu6llao (Spices)

gall    curry    -

huSjiSo    fragrcmt (Szechvan)    pepper -

hiiJiSo    black pepper    -

jlang    ginger    -

jihoo    mustard    醫

BwSxi    garlic    ■

yfin    salt    -

shlxoa    eesazae seed    -

Y6u (Oil)

h&o y6u    oyster sauce    -

h6ng y6u    red (hot) pepper oil    -

huasheng y6u    peanut oil    *

Jiāng y6u    soy sauce    -

lei y6u    red (hot) pepper oil    -

n£ y6u    sesame oil (Taiwan)

xiang y6u    sesame oil (Mainland)

Jlāng (Sauces, Pastes)

douban JieLng    bean paste    -

ti&nmlaLn jiāng    sveet bean paste    -

zhīma iikng    sesame paste    •

Jiu (Liquor)

gāoli&ng Jiu    gāoliSng vin (sorghum)    -

huing Jiu    yellow wine    -

pi jiǔ    beer    -

piit&o Jiu    grape wine    -

Shaoxīng jiu    (a yellow vine made in Shaoxing)    -

Zfi    XiSng (Miscellaneous)

baoblng    thin rolled, vheat*flo\ar pancake    3

chi.    tea    -

ci    vinegar    3

dSufu    bean curd    2

ddufu lu    fermented bean curd    3

ddujiSng    soybean milk, soy milk    1

fSnsī    cellophane noodles, bean thread

noodles    3

jīd&n    chicken egg    1

kafSi    coffee    1

miltn    vfaeat-flour noodles    1

mil^ibao    bread    1

ml&nfSn    flour    -

mlfSn    rice flour» or rice flour noodles    •

pldftn (Taiwan)    preserved egg    •

8如典uā dctn (Mainland)    preserved egg    -

zb&c^i    hot pickled cabbage (Ssectavan)    3