CM 0190 S STANDARD CHINESE A Modular Approach OPTIONAL MODULES: • Restaurant • Hotel • Post Office and Telephone • Car SPONSORED BY AGENCIES OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADIAN GOVERNMENTS This publication is to be used primarily in support of instructing military personnel as part of the Defense Language Program (resident and nonresident). Inquiries concerning the use of materials, including requests for copies, should be addressed to: Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center Nonresident Training Division Presidio of Monterey, CA 93944-5006 Topics in the areas of politics, international relations, mores, etc., which may be considered as controversial from some points of view, are sometimes included in the language instruction for DLIFLC students since military personnel may find themselves in positions where a clear understanding of conversations or written materials of this nature will be essential to their mission. The presence of controversial statements-whether real or apparent-in DLIFLC materials should not be construed as representing the opinions of the writers, the DLIFLC, or the Department of Defense. Actual brand names and businesses are sometimes cited in DLIFLC instructional materials to provide instruction in pronunciations and meanings. The selection of such proprietary terms and names is based solely on their value for instruction in the language. It does not constitute endorsement of any product or commercial enterprise, nor is it intended to invite a comparison with other brand names and businesses not mentioned. In DLIFLC publications, the words he, him, and/or his denote both masculine and feminine genders. This statement does not apply to translations of foreign language texts. The DLIFLC may not have full rights to the materials it produces. Purchase by the customer does net constitute authorization for reproduction, resale, or showing for profit. Generally, products distributed by the DLIFLC may be used in any not-for-profit setting without prior approval from the DLIFLC. PREFACE Standard Chinese: A Modular Approach originated in an interagency conference held at the Foreign Service Institute in August 1973 to address the need generally felt in the U.S. Government language training community for improving and updating Chinese materials to reflect current usage in Beijing and Taipei. The conference resolved to develop materials which were flexible enough in form and content to meet the requirements of a vide range of government agencies and academic institutions. A Project Board vas established consisting of representatives of the Central Intelligence Agency Language Learning Center, the Defense Language Institute, the State Department's Foreign Service Institute, the Cryptologic School of the National Security Agency, and the U.S. Office of Education, later Joined by the Canadian Forces Foreign Language School. The representatives have included Arthur T. McNeill, John Hopkins9 John Boag» and Hugh Clayton (CIA); Colonel John F, Elder III, Joseph C. Hutchinson, Ivy Gibian» Major Bernard Muller-Thym, and Colonel Roland W. Flemming (DLl); James R. Frith and John B. Ratliff III (FSI); Kazuo Shitama (NSA); Richard T. Thomson and Julia Petrov (OE)\ and Lieutenant Colonel George Kosoriz (CFFLS). The Project Board set up the Chinese Core Curriculum Project in 197^ in space provided at the Foreign Service Institute. Each of the six U.S. and Canadian government agencies provided funds and other assistance. Gerard P. Kok was appointed project coordinator, and a planning council was formed consisting of Mr. Kok, Frances Li of the Defense LangUjage Institute, Patricia 0fConnor of the University of Texas, Earl M. Rickerson of the Language Learning Center, and James Wrenn of Brown University. In the fall of 1977> Lucille A. Barole vas appointed deputy project coordinator. , David W. Dellinger of the Language Learning Center and Charles R. Sheehan of ' the Foreign Service Institute also served on the planning council and contributed material to the project. The planning council drew up the original overall design for the materials and met regularly to review their develojanent. Writers for the first half of the materials were John H. T. Harvey, Lucille A. Barale, and Roberta S. Barry, who worked in close cooperation with the planning council and with the Chinese staff of the Foreign Service Institute. Mr. Harvey developed the instructional formats of the conqprehen-sion and production self-study materials， and also designed the comnamica* tion-'based classroom activities and wrote the teacher1 s guides. Ms. Baxale and Ms. Barry wrote the tape scripts and the student text. From 1978 until the project1s completion, writers for the course were Ms. Barale and Thomas E. Madden. They revised the field-test editions of the first six core modules and acconxpanying optional modules, and produced the materials subsequent to Module 6. All Chinese language material vas prepared or selected by Chuan Ouyang Chaoy Yunhui Chao, Ying-chih Chen, Hsiao-Jung Chi, Eva Diao, Jan Hu, and Tsung-ml Li» assisted for part of the time by Leslie L. H. Chang, Chieh-fang Ou Lee» Ying-mlng Chen9 and Joseph Yu Hsu Wang. Anna Affholder, Mei-li Chen, and Henry Khuo helped in the preparation of a preliminary corpus of dialogues. Administrative assistance was provided at various times by Joseph Abraham» Vincent Basciano, Lisa A. Bowden, Jill W. Ellis, Donna Fong, Judith J. Kieda, Renee T. C. Liang, Susan C. Pola, Peggy Ann Spitzer, and Kathleen Strype. The production of tape recordings was directed "by Jose M. Ramirez of the Foreign Service Institute Recording Studio. The Chinese script vas voiced by Mr. Chang, Ms. Chao, Ms. Chen, Mr. Chen, Ms. Diao, Ms* Hu, Mr. Khuo» and Mr. Li. The English script vas read "by Ms. Barale, Ms, Barry, Mr. Basciano, Ms. Ellis, Mr. Madden» Ms. Pola, and Ms. Strype. The graphics vere originally produced by John McClelland of the Foreign Service Institute Audio-Visual staff, under the general supervision of Joseph A. Sadote, unit chief. Standard Chinese: A Modular Approach vas field-tested with the cooperation of Brown University, the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center» the Foreign Service Institute, the CIA Language Learning Center, the United States Air Force Academy* the University of Illinois9 and the University of Virginia. The Commandant of the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center authorized the support necessary to print this edition. TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface.............................Hi Hov to Study an Optional-Module.Tape ••••• ..... ••••• 1 Objectives for the Restaurant Module ••••••••••••••• 2 Unit 1: Part I...........................................U Part II................................8 Part III . . ...............................12 Unit Vocabulary List....................................l6 Unit 2: Part I ..........18 Part II............................................23 Part III...................... • • 28 Unit Vocabulary List ••..«•••* ..................32 Unit 3： Part I..................................................3k Part II............................................k2 Part III....................................U7 Unit Vocabulary List................ • • U9 ttait U: Part I........... • . .......................51 Part II...........................................58 Part III...............................62 Unit Vocabulary List • • ...............................65 Foods • ........... ......................67 Objectives for the Hotel Module.............. • • • 71 Unit 1: Part I.....................................72 Part II..................................................75 Part III................................................77 Part IV..................................................79 Unit Vocabulary List.....................8l Unit 2: Part I....................................83 Part II..................................................87 Part III................................................9i Part IV ..............................................95 Unit Vocabulary List •«»參♦•鲁♦♦參參參》鲁《參 97 Things in a Hotel Room ••••••••••••••••• 99 Objectives for the Post Office and Telephone Module..............101 Unit Is Part I.........................................102 Part II.........................................10k Part III................................................107 Part IV................................................no Unit Vocabulary List....................................113 Unit 2: Part I..................................................115 Part II................................................117 Part III................................................119 Part IV................................................121 Unit Vocabulary List....................................123 Objectives for the Car Module....................................125 Unit 1: Part I..................................126 Part II................................................130 Part III................................................135 Unit Vocabulary List ......... ••••••••• 138 Unit 2: Part I..................................................1U0 Part II................................................1U3 Part III..........................................il*7 Unit Vocabulary List....................................151 Parte of a Car..........................................153 Hov to Study an Optional-Module Tape The format of the optional modules is quite different from the format of the core modules 9 although both focus on vhat you need to know to deal vith particular practical situations. Each tape of an optional module is roughly equivalent to the five different tapes of a core-module unit, in the sense, at least， that it is intended as a self-contained presentation of a set of vords and structures • Actually, however, an optional-module tape is closer to a combination of the C-l and P-l tapes of a core-module unit with almost all explanations left in the notes• Moreover, an optional-module tape introduces considerably more vocabulary than a core-module unit. Each tape is divided into several parts. Each part introduces words and sentences, some of them for comprehension only, next reviews all production items, and then reviews conqprehension in extended dialogues• You may have found that you could work through the C-l and P-l tapes of a core-module unit a single time each, perhaps going back over a few sections once or twice* You are almost sure to find, however, that you need to work through an optional-module tape more than once, perhaps frequently backing up and frequently stopping to read the Notes. When a new word or sentence is introduced» there is a 'pause on the tape before you hear the Chinese. On your first time through the tape, you may use this pause to gīance at the word or sentence in the Reference List. On your next time through the tape, you may use it to try to say the Chinese» using the Chinese after the pause as a confirmation. In the dialogues at the end of each part, there are very short pauses "between sentences. These should be Just long enough for you to stop and start the tape without missing anything. Stop the tape whenever you want to think over the previous sentence or try to translate it* Ob.1 ectives General The purpose of the Restaurant Module (RST) is to acquaint you with Chinese cuisine and eating customs and to provide you with the linguistic skills you need to be able to order food in a restaurant or to dine at home. 鱗縣，•徙、…y .皆 1-、:.'..卿挪■^解v - Specific When you have finished this module, you should be able to: 1. Name four foods or dishes suitable as a snack or as an in-between meal. 2- Hame four dishes in Chinese you might order for dinner. 3- Name 5 types of meat, fish or fowl. Translate the names of 10 Chinese dishes (cither soups, main coursesf or desserts) into English. 5. List the food which accompanies various main courses: rice, noodles, pancakes, steamed bread, flower rolls. 6. Order a Weatern-style breakfast. T. Order one of the ’’fixed meals*1 offered in small reataurants. 8. Order Mongolian Barbecue or Mongolian Hot Pot. 9. Discuss with a friend what to order for a snack. 10. Ask for a menu and for help in reading it. Discuss with the waiter or waitress what the various dishes are. Ask for suggestions in ordering the meal. 11. Comment on the meal: hov the dishes were made, which were most pleasing, and when you We had enough. 12. Ask for the check and ask to have the tip figured into the total. 13. Call to make reservations for a dinner party. Discuss the menu and cost of the dinner. lU. List the different types of courses which go to make up a banquet: cold dishes, main courses, soups, and desserts, 15. Partake in a formal banquet: toasting friends, wishing them veil, and responding to the hostfs hospitality. Restaurant Module, Unit 1 PART I 1. Nl xi&ng chi shěnme? What do you want to eat? 2. Sulbi^n. Nl diSn ba. As you like. You order. 3. WSmen y^o ^rshige jguotiē. We want twenty fried dumplings• U. WSmen yko slge bāozi• We want four baozi. 5. WSmen yio It&ngvan suan lā We want two bowls of sour tang,. and hot soup. NOTES ON PABT I chi: 'to eat1• The verb ?to eat* is often expressed using a general object compound, chi fiba, instead of the simple verb chi, Nl chi fān le ma? Have you eaten? WS h&i měi chi fan. I haven?t eaten yet. 8ulbiiln: This word meaning 9 as you please \ or more literally 1following convenience1, has a variety of uses. Nl sulbi^n mSi ba. Buy what you vant • Nl q^L "bu qu? Su£ nlde Are you going? Do vhat you Min ba« like. guōtiē: This has been translated here as 1fried dumpling*, but actually a guōtiē differs from a dumpling in several respects. We usually think of a dumpling as a solid lump of leavened dough dropped in soup to cook. A guōtiē, however, is made of thin, uzxleavened dough, which serves as a wrapper for a filling. This filling may 'be Chinese cabbagef port, beef, leunb, or any combination, thereof. Secondly, a guōtiē is not dropped in soup, but is steamed and fried, so that the bottom is crisp and the top is soft. bāozi: This is a round of steamed bread filled with salty stuffing (cabbage* pork, beef, shrimp, etc.) or sveet stuffing (red bean puree, valnuts, almonds, etc.)• The steamed bread is made from a raised dough and forms a thick bun, somewhat similar in concept to a hamburger. suan li tang; A thick spicy soup made of pork, white bean curd, "red bean curd11 (actually dried chicken or pork blood), dried tiger lily flovers, mushrooms, bamboo shoots and egg. li&ngw&n, • •: The word for ’bovl,,沾n, is used as a counter here. Taipei: A conversation in a small restaurant. M： Y^zhēn, vS, xiSng chī YiizhSn, vhat do you vant to sbixmel eat? F: Sulbiin. NX diSn 1>a. As you like. You order. M: WSmen dlSn diSn guōtiē, Wefll order some fried suan Ik tang» hSo bu dmsplixigs and sour and hot h&o? soup* Okay? • i F: HXo a. Okay. M： H&i yko jīge bāozi, Hov about a few biozi, zSnm^ing? too? F:成o &• Vi yio diSn tii Okay. Donft order too duo le* much. (Nov the man talks with the waitress.) P2: Nlmen diSn diaa sh^ome? What vlll you order? M: W8men yio drshige guStie We vant tventy fried sige 'bSosi. liSngiHbi dtmqplings» four baozi, suan li tang. two bowls of sour and hot soup. P2: HXo. Jii l&i* Okay, it'll be here right airay. NOTES ON THE DIALOGUE Hii ycto Jige bāozi, zSnmeyilng?: The toneless syllable Ji-means fa few1 or Several1. It may be difficult to distinguish between Jige, fa few1, from Jj^e, fhow many1 in rapid speech. Usually there will be other clues such as intonation and context to help you distinguish them. This is discussed again in Unit 3 of the Directions Module• Bň yko diSn teli duō le«: The phrase bň, yko is used to mean 'don't* in sentences expressing & cosm&nd. You111 learn more about this in the Transportat ion Module. The marker le for nev situation Is used here to reinforce the idea of 'excessive1. Whenever & speaker says something is excessive, he is actually saying that it has BECOME excessive. Nlmen diSn dian shěnme?: The first vord di8n is the verb ，to order *. The second word dian (from yidiSn, fa littlef) means 1 some 會• Ershige guotiě. stge bāozi: You can tell from the amdunt ordered that the guōtiē are more or less bite-sized, while the 'baozi are larger. 6. xiaoohtdion little eatery Taipei: A conversation between an American student and a Chinese friend in front of a small restaurant. M: WSmen chī dian dōngxi 9 Letfs eat something9 okay? hSo bu hao? F: HSo a* Nl xiSng chi Okay. What do you vant to shěnme? eat? M: Chī dian diSnxln. Some snacks. F: Nl chlguo guōtiē ma? Have you ever eaten fried dumplings? M: MSi chīguo. No. F: WSmen kěyi zii zh备ge We can eat some snacks in xiSochīdi&ci chi di&n this little eatery. Okay? diSnzīn, hao bu hSo? M:成o. Tāmen dōu y5u shěnme? Okay. What do they have? F: HSn duō dōngxi. You guōtiē, Many things. Fried bāozi, suān lā tang. dumplings， bǎozi9 sour and hot soup. M: Hen h&o, hen hǎo. Good, good* NOTES ON THE DIALOGUE xlSochldiiLn: This is a small place where you can grab something to eat. (Xl&ochI means 'snack*.) If you are in a city in China, you are probably not far from one. A xi&ochldl&n is often run t>y one or two people. It may be arranged so that the cooking area faces the street, in which case you'll probably valk through the kitchen as you head for a table• Putting the kitchen at the front, facing the street» makes for better ventilation and allows people on the street to see and smell vhat is being cooked. Inside you are likely to find small tables without tablecloths» and stools• There is generally no menu, some of the dishes may be written on a blackboard or on,red pieces of paper vhich are hung on the vail. Since the xiSochldi^n is often a small operation, it may only offer a few things or It may specialize in serving one type of food, such as noodles or dumplings. The vord xlSo in xl8ochidiāna refers not to the size of the establishment9 but to the types of food offered. Tāmen d5u y5u shgpme?: The word d5u in this sentence refers to the object» not the subject. In other words, the sentence Is translated as 'What all do they have?, in this context• In another conversation the same sentence ml典 t mean 'What do they all have?' This type of question with d5u expects an ansver vith more than one item mentioned. The d5u may be thought to refer to the object in the answer• Nl dōu mSi 8hěnme le? What all did you buyT W8 n&lle shlge baozi9 sanjin I bought ten baozi, thr-e plngguo, liilping qlshnī. catties of apples 9 six bottles of soda. But notice that in the ansver dōu is NOT used even though the object is plural in number or a series of Items. PABT 工I 7. Qlng ni gěi wo kankan Please give me your menu to nZmende ccLidanzi• look at. 8. Nimen mai zhēng Jiao ma? Do you sell steamed dumplings? 9. Gěi vo lĀi yilōng sheng Bring me a 'basket of steamed jiao. dumplings, 10. Nimen mai tang mlan bu Do you sell soup-noodles? mai? 11. Nimen zaaii chSo xai&i bu Do you sell fried noodles? mai? 12. Y5u 8hěnme yeLngde tāng What kinds of soup^noodles miSn? are there? 13. Gěi vo l&i yivan niiirSu Bring me a bovl of soup- ml^n. noodles with beef. lU. jiāoai boiled āartplingo 15. rbust rrdhn eoup^noodlee with ehrede of pork 16. p&igu miān eoKp-noodlee with a pork chap 17. • • • 8htnmde • •. and eo on. (after a BBvieB of items) HOTES ON PART II zheng JlSo: These are crescent-shaped dumplings filled with cabbage and meat vhich are steam cooked. The steaming is done by-placing the dumplings in a bamboo basket 9 vhich is one layer in a stack of bamboo baskets called a zheng l6ng. and then pl&cing the vhole stack over a container of boiling water» gel vo lii *••: The verb l£i here means not fto come1 but fto bring* since it is followed by a noun. The vord gel is the prepositional verb f forf. yil6ng zhěng Jl&o： Steamed dumplings are sold by the basket and served in the basket that they are steamed in. The vord for one tier of such baskets is used as a counter9 -l6ng (yil6ng% Ii8ngl6ng« etc.). tang mlln: This is the name for a class of dishes made of noodles and soup* Unlike the Western idea of soup with some noodles y tang mlctn is basically noodles vith some soup added. Because Northern China is a vheat growing area» noodles are a staple in the diet of that region. A *bovl of noodles can be used to make a side dish for a large meal, or, vith a little soup and meat addedy can be a meal in Itself. Noodles are coamonly made In Bix_to_ten_foot lengths In China 9 and are regarded &8 a synfbol of longevity. chSo mlSn: One of the verbs translated fto fry* Is chXo. It is also sometimes translated as •stir fry*. The Chinese language has several verbs meaning 'to fry1. Ch8o means to fry in a little oil, stirring rapidly and constantly, not unlike sauteing. nitSrSu nlitns Thia dish consists of noodles in soup vith pieces of beef. The word for f,beef• is nifirdu, literally 'cow1, nifi, and •meat、rdu. In the names of Chinese dishes9 the thing the dish Is primarily composed of, in this case noodles, is at the end of the phrase* Those vords coming before describe the additional foods with vhich the dish is prepared or the style in vhich it is prepared• •USozi: A crescent-shaped dumplings made of vhlte dou^h and stuffed vith a mixture of meat and scallion。or mixed vegetables. Jl8ozl nay be served steamed« zheng J1?iq or boiled, shut .1iXo« It is said that Marco Polo took the idra of these dumplings back to Italy Inspiring the creation of ravioli• rdusl mlto： This is noodles in soup vith shrtds of pork and vegetables. Actually» the word rōu means sinqply fmeatf» not •pork1. But the l>uic meat of China has alvays been pork, and therefore r8u on a menu refers to pork unless otherwise specified. shěnmedes This vord, used after a series of nouns, means •and so on, or 'etcetera*. Qi8huī9 pljiǔ* 8hSzmede We need to "buy soda, *beer9 dōu del m&l. and so on. Taipei; A conversatiozi betveen & vaiter and & customer at & small eatery. M: Nln ylLo chī diSn shěnme? What do you vant to eat? F: Qlng ni gSi wo kiuikan Please give me your menu to nimende cāidānzi. look at. M: Ou, duibuqīt vSmen zhěli Oh, Ifm sorry. We donft měiyou cāidanzi. WSmen have a menu. We only sell zh^li iiyi mai zheng Ji&o, steamed dtunplings, soup- tang midn, chSo miin, noodles, fried noodles, shězunede. and so on. F: YSu 8hlnme ydngde tang ml&Ln? What kinds of soup noodles are there? M: YSu nilirdu mikn a9 ySu There,s soup^noodles vith rdusl mian a, h&i ySu 'beef, soup<-noodle8 vith p^ig& miin. shreds of pork, and soup- noodles with a pork chop. F: GSi vo lit yiwan niilrdu Ifll have & bowl of soup- miaul. noodles with beef. M: HSo. Nln ySo bu yao zhēng Good* Do you vant some JiSo? steaaied dumplings? F: HSo. Zemae mSi? Okay* Hov are they sold? M: Yil6ng zhēng JiSo A basket of steamed ěrshikuHi qi£n. duznplings is twenty dollars• F: Yil6ng y5u duoshaoge? How many in a basket? M: YilSng y5u bSge. There1• eight in a basket. F: H5o, gSi wo lSi Okay, bring me a basket of yil6ng zhēng Jiao, lfii steamed dumplings, a ytw5n niiled dunqplings at all. zhěli Jiū wki mika. Tang We only sell jioodles. We mikn9 chao mian d5u ySu. have both soup-noodles and fried noodles. M: YSu shěnme ykngie chao What kinds of fried noodleB miSn? are there? F: YSu rdii8Ī chao mldny There*8 fried noodles with ySu sānxian chSo midn. strips of pork; and there's fried noodles vith three delicious things. M: W8 yio 8anxiān chSo miibi. I vant fried noodles with three delicious things• F: HSo. Fine. PART III 20. WS y&o chi ch&o JidiLn gen I want to eat scrambled eggs huStuī• and ham. 21. WS he kSfěi. 1*11 drink coffee. 22 • WS h&i yio k&o ml&nbao • I also vant some toast • 23. Qlng zti l&i y^bel kafěl, Please 'bring another cup of coffee. 2U. Ňt ydu ehaoHng ma? Do you have eeeante voile? 25. U6 yho li&nggen uSutiio. I want two deep-fried tDiste. 26. Ňl hi bu he dbudiang? Do you drink doujiang? 27. IfC xtkuan ti&nde h&iōhi Do you like the aweet kind xiSnde? or the Baity kind? 28. MCnatian z&oehccng a老i nin We9ll prepare it for you mbei. tomorrow morning. MOTES ON PART III ch&o Jidan: This is literally translated as ffried eggs'. Since ch8o means *to stir fly1, however, it actually refers to scrambled eggs. IsSo mlSnbSo: 'Toast9• This phrase is the verb kSo fto roast, and the vord for 嘗1bre&d,» ttl&nbao • Qlng z8ll lil,..: Here again you see the vert lit used to mean •'bring'_ The vord zii is the adverb fagain1. Literally translated 9 this phrase means something like fPlease again bring...f. This is the standard way to ask someone to l>ring more of something. shaoblng: This is a *baked roll with layers of dough and covered vith sesame seeds. It comes in tvo shapes, one oblong and the other round like an English muffin， only not as thick. It is usually eaten at breakfast. ll&nggēn y6utl&o: This is a long, twisted, puffy roll vhich is deep-fried* It resembles a cruller, but it is not sveet. Literally, the name means 'oil stick9. It is usually eaten at breakfast» along with dduJiang and perhaps a shSoblng* The counter for long, thin objects, like y6utl£o is -gēn, iang: This is a liquid produced vhen beancurd, ddufti, is made from soybeans. It is white, resembling milk, and high in protein. It may be flavored bo that it is sveet or salty. It is sometimes called soybean milk. tifade/xlande: Many foods in China such as bSozl and dSuJiang come in two sorts: ti&nde and xi&nde• Although the Chinese cate* gorize foods as either salty or sveet, this does not mean that food vhich is labeled 1salty1 is terribly salty. Sometimes the label 1salty1 simply means *not sveet *• Peking: A conversation at the Peking Hotel. M: ZSo! Good morning! F: Nln hSo! Nln xiSng chi diar How are you? What vould shSzune? you like to eat? 1 M: Nīmen ySu shaobing, y6utifio Do you have seseune rolls, ma? and deep-fried tvists? P: Shaobing, y6uti&o, Jīntlan Today there arenft any oiSlyou. Mlngtian chi ba! crisp sesame rolls or Nl he bu he dduJiSng? deep-fried tvlsts. Hov about having them tonorrov? Do you drink doujiang? F: Chī shāobingy y6uti£o, dSi When you eat crisp sesame he ddujiang. rolls or deep-fried tvlsts you should drink doujiang. F:霣X xihuan ti&nde h&ishi Do you like the sveet kind xi&ide? or the salty kind? M: WS xlhxian tifinde. I like the sveet kind. F: HSo* mlngtian zSoshang All right, ve'll prepare gel nln yitbei, JIntian it for you tomorrow1 nln chī shěnme? morning. What will you eat today? M: WS chī ch&o JIdSn, huStuI» Ifll have scrambled eggs, kSo miauibǎo. ham and toast • F： He ehirmel What will you drink? M: KafSi. Coffee. F: HSo. Good. (Later.) M: Qlng zāi l£i yibēi kafēi. Please bring another cup of coffee. F： HSo. All right. NOTES OH THE DIALOGUE Breakfast at the Peking Hotel: The Peking Hotel is said to hare the best Western style food in the city. While they serve both Western and Chinese style lunches and dinners» they are not alvays prepared to serve certain kinds of Chinese 'breakfast foods, such as shSobing and yňutiSo« If you would like to eat these typical Chinese breakfast foods you should ask in advance. 29. a gruel of rioe and water uBually eaten for breakfaet 30. mSntou ōteamed bread 31. mhSngBhlzhi tomato juioē 32. jūzi shut ovccrtgeade^ orange juice 33. ehutguS fruit 3U, xiangjiāō baruxna xlfSn: This is another breakfast food» It is a white ' porridge made of rice and water. In the northern parts of China it is eaten along with salted pickles, ham, salted vegetables» salted eggs or peanuts. aULntou: 'Steamed bread1. While the vord mianbāo refers to Western style bread, mantou refers to & Chinese version of bread, a large steamed roll aade of vhite doixgh. It is heavy and moist with no crust. Vocabulary baozi steamed rolls made of 'bread dough vith a filling of meat and/or vegetables» or sweet bean paste. ciU.danzi (ytzhang) menu chXo fried, to fry, saut矣 chXo mLin fried noodles chi to eat diSn to order dbujidng soy bean milk, eoy milk gH ntn yObei to prepare for you gSi wo l£i (noun) bring me (something) guotie steam-fried dumplings he to drink huStuI ham -JiSo dumpling jiSosi boiled dumpling Jīddn (chicken) egg jūzi ehul orccngeade, orange juicē k&fel coffee kSo roasted, toasted lit peppery-hot rrAntou Btemed bread mLin noodles mlinbao bread nlfirdu beef nltirdu mlin soup-noodles vith *beef p&igū midn eoup-noodlee with a pork chop QXng zSLl l&l* •. Please bring another. • • rdueī chSo midn fried noodles with akrede of pork rduel miītn 80up-noodlea with shrede of pork aSnxiān ohSo nrUtn noodles fpied with the— freah things ahāobing awcane voile ...afj/bmědB ...co/td eo on ehuīguS fruit suān to be sour sulblin as you like tāng soup ting alia soiq>-noodle8 ti6n to b€ eweet eidn to b* »olty xiānffjiāo banana xlfňn gru»l of rioe and nattv xih6ng»īAaht tomato duios yingzl kind, variety yil&ig • tl«r of a stcaaar ytutiSo d0«p~fri«d iviat zhSng to cook Bonething lsy steaming Restaurant Module• Unit 2 PART I 1. Shěnme shi kěfito? What is a fixed meal? 2. Jii shi yige tang, A • fixed meal1 is a soup, ylge c|i, h&i ySu fān. a main dish* and rice. 3. K^f&a Jift y6u ytzhSng ma? Ib there only one kind of 1fixed meal,? k* Nl shuo nSge cili hSochl? Which dish did you say is tasty? 5. W8 hui yŌng kuctlgi# I can use chopsticks. 6. WS ydng kxaiizi chi f^n. I eat with chopsticks. 了. Nl xihuan chī nilSrdu Do you like to eat beef or hSishi chi ^ī.. chicken? 8. h/S xiSng oht dian I want to ēat something jiSru&ndē* simple. 9. Xi2tol zH oht Hide. Něxt time eat something ētee* 10 • otngjiao niūrbu bēěf with green pepper 11. bdioH rduōi ēhreda of pork with oabbage 12. xuSdbu i%v%bn cMohm alioes with enow peaa MOTES OH PART I k|f|n: This refers to & type of meal in which soup* & main dish, rice and tea are all served for one price. Much of the meal is prepared ahead of time, vbich makes it quick, convenient and inexpensive for the customer. It is referred to here as a 1 fixed meal9. Other translations are ,fixed dinnerT 9 'blue plate special, and ,combination plate*. Kěf&n .1lu ySu yizhSng ma?: When you ask this question» the person you are speaking to ad典t think you are asking about the different price categories that kěfan is available in. Restaurants vhich offer kěfan often have an Inexpensive» a moderate and a top-of-the-line each day. cSi: This is the word for any dish vhich is not soup9 rice or noodles* y3ngt Like the vord gěi, fto give1, the vord ydng can act as either a full verb or a prepositional verb. As a full verb, it means fto use*. As a prepositional verb, it means . Here are some exansples of both usages. Nl kěyi ydng vSde didnshdn. You can use my electric tin* Ta ydng kuftizl chi tka* He eats vith chopsticks• 3i: While often the vord for a type of meat, such as ^cef1, ni contains the syllable rdu, 'meat * 9 the vord for chicken does not. xiici: The vords for 'last time9, 'this tlaev and 'next tlaev are formed according to the same principle as youWe learned for other time vords, like *last veek' and flast month'• 1 shi^igci last time shftngge xlngql last veek 8hingge yuS l^at n»onth zb^ci. this time zh^ge xīngql this veek zhěge yui this month xlitci next time xiige xlngqī next veek xiāge yu各 next month Taipei: A converseLtion betveen an American voman and a Chinese friend, vho are out to eat on their lunch hour. M: Nī xiSng chi sh^zune? What do you vant to e&t? F: WS xlXng chi dian Jllndinde. I vant to eat something slnple. M:能，chī k^fcLn sSnmeySbtig? Then how about eating a * fixed meal,? F: Shězune shi kěfin? What is & ffixed meal9? M: K^ftn jid. shi ylge tǎng, A 'fixed meal' is a soup, yige cdi, hfii y8u fcUi. a main dish, and rice, F: K^fdn Jill y5u yizhSng ma? Is there only one kind of 'fixed meal'? M: Bil. Y5u sān-stzhSng. YSu No. There are three or sishikuiide, y5u wfishikuSide, four kinds• There's the ySu lixi8hikuclide. forty dollar kind* the fifty dollar kind, and the sixty dollar Ūnd. F: Dōu ySu nh&ame c£i? What main dishes do they have? M: JIntian y5u b£iclli rdusī 9 Today there9 s shreds of qīngjiǎo nitordu, xuSddu pork vith cabbage» beef Jlpidn. with green peppers t and chicken slices vith snov peas. Fs Nl BhuS nSge cili h&ochl? Which dish do you say Is more tasty? M: Dou hSn hSo. JXntian nī They are all good. Today kěyi chī qīngjiāo nidrdu. you might eat beef vith Xiici zki chī bi^de. green peppers. Next time eat something else. P： HSo. Okay. M: HSo. Nl ylo ylge qīngjiao Okay. You take the beef nilardu. WS l£l yfge vith green peppers. 1*11 xuěddu jīpiin. have the chicken slices with snov peas. M: Nī hui ydng lmiizi ba? You can use chopsticks» I suppose? F: W8 zii MSiguo yXjlng I learned in Aaerica. xu^guo. HOTES OR THE DIALOGUE Nil: At the beginning of the sentence, nit aeanB 'then' or fvell then9 • YSu »en»atzh8ngs 1three or four kinds1. Two cont«cutlv« nuniberB may be used together to give the Idea of an approximate figure. The exception to this rule is that 10 and nultiples of 10 can not combine vith the n\mber coming lm&edlately before or after them* You vlll learn this In more detail In the Traaa-portatlon Module. — Hito. Ht ySo ylge qlngjlao nitSrōu. •••: While at an informal meal each person at the table may choose one of the dishes y everyone at a Chinese meal eat丨 fsron all the dishes 9 vfaich ore put in the center of the table. , \ Taipei: A conyersation in a small restaurant• M: NX xllng chi shSnmeT What vould you like to •atT F: WS xiXng chi dian JiSndande. I vould like to eat something 8liq)le. M: Nil vSmen chi 1ml. Then let's eat the 'fixed meal'. F: HXo a. NX chlguo tamen Okay. Have you eaten any sh^lide k^fin ma? of their 'fixed neal8> here? M: Chlguo. Yes. P:成o bu hXochl? Are they tastyT M: Dou hSn hSoehi. All vere very tasty. F: Kěfin d5u ySu shSrane What kinds of main dishes y^igde c在i? are there in the f fixed dinners,? M: YSu 8ǎnzh5ng. Yizh5ng There are three kinds. shi qlngjiao niilrdu, One kind is beef with ylzhSng shi b£icili rdusī, green peppers, one kind yizhSng shi ruěddu Jīpilin. is pork shreds with cabbage, one kind is chicken slices with snov peas. F: Wo y^o qlngjiǎo nllirdu. Ifll have the beef with green peppers• M: W5 y^o xuSddu jīpi^n. Ifll have the chicken slices with snov peas. NOTES OH THE DIALOGUE HSo bu h&ocl^I?: The compound h&ochl •丨to be tasty1, can *be broken apart to form a question. KěfSn d5u ygu shlnme yāngde cSl?: The adverb d5u in this sentence refers to the plural subject kefan, 1 fixed dinnersf. PART II 13. Wo yao xiārěn chǎo mieLn. I vant fried noodles vith shrimp. lU. Women h£i yio ylge tiicai We also want a cabbage dSufu tāng. and 'bean curd soup. 15. HuotuI chSo fan bfi cuō. The fried rice with ham is not bad. 16 • LiSngge c在i yige tang Two main dishes and one soup g5u le. is enough. 1了. Biě kěqi» DonH "be formal. (Donft stand on ceremony.) 18. WS yījing bSo le. Ifve already had my fill. 19.边zig ni gěi vo zhSngdanzi• Please give me the check. 20. Jiii ztitybng le. Thatfll be it, 21. lt€ dud oht yidiSn. Eat a little more. > 22. zbx oht. I am eating, NOTES ON PART II xlarěn: This vord refers to small shrimp vithout shells• dSufu: 9Bean curd1. This is a soft white substance made from soybeans, with the consistancy of jello or custard. It has only a faint taste» but is rich in protein and minerals. It is a staple found all over the Orient and may be found in everyday food as veil as festive foods. b6 cu5; This phrase is used for *not bad1» in the sense of 1pretty good,, 1pretty veil1, fall right1. Biě keql: Because this phrase is one of the most basic phrases in the syst咖 of Chinese customs and manner, it is difficult to translate. Here, it may be translated as 1Don't be formal,1 or •Don't stand on ceremony.. But it should be viewed In context to determine its full meaning. bXo: This is an adjectival vert meaning fto be satisfied* t literally fto be full,. Wl duō chi yldl&n: Notice the vord order of this sentence. The vord du5 is used as an advert, and therefore precedes the vert chi. The vord yidi&a is used as the object of the action and therefore follows the rerb. WS zti chii The word zSi can be used as a marker of ongoing action^一You111 learn more about this in the Meeting Module. Taipei: A conversation betveen two friends In a small restaurant at lunchtlae. M: Zh^lide chSo mllLn» chSo tin The fried noodles, fried gen tang wikn, d5u bii cud. rice and soup-noodles are all good here. P: DSng vo kdnkan ciidanzi. Wait while I have a look • •• WSmen yio ylge xiarln at the menu. ••• We* 11 chSo midn, hSo bu hao? have a fried noodles vith Ni! zeLi diSn ylge ba. shrimp. Okay? You order something else. M: WSmen yito yige huStuī chSo Wefll have & ham fried rice, tkaf h&o *bu hao? Zlli all right? And another yao ylge cki gēn yige main dish and a cabbage b&icfti ddufu tang. and bean curd soup. F: W8 xiSng till du5 le. BU I think that1 s too much* yio cai 1«. Let1 s not have the main dish. F: Jiū y4o ylge chSo fin, ylge If we just have one fried miin9 ylge tang, Jiī gdu le. rice, one noodle dish, and one soup, then that111 be enough. (Nov the man speaks to the waiter.) Ms WSmen yio ylge xiar^n ch&o We vant a ftried noodles mlitn, ylge huStuI chXo fUn, with shrlop, a ham fried h&l yio ylge b&lcSti dňufu rice, a cabbage and bean tang. J1{1 shdyjtng le. curd soup. That'll be it. (Later vhile they are eating.) P： Zhěge xiārěn chao ml&n The fried noodles vith thrlnp hSn hSo chī. HuStuI is very good. The haa chlo fin yS bti cud. fried rice isn't bad Ni du5 chi yidiSn. either. Eat & little mor_. BiS Donft *be formal. (Pltate help yourself.) M: W8 ziL chi. NX yS bi6 I am eating. Don't you be kSql. Du5 chi yidiSn. formal cither. Eat a little more. (After they have finished eating.) M: NX yio l)u yao chi dian Do you want to eat some ti&n diSnxīn? dessert? P: B& y2o le. W8 yljlng I don't vant asy aore. l>Xo le. Ifre already had ny fill. (He speaks vith the waiter.) , I M: Qlng ni gSi vo zhingdaaei. Please give me the check. HOTES ON THE DIALOGUE Nl zk± dlXn rim b>.: The word zUl here neans 'additionally* or ,nore、 WS xlXntc till duō le» BU yjto cii le b>>: Here are tvo exaaqples of the marker JLe for nev sltuatioxifl. In the first sentence it is necessary to use le to indicate that the food order has nov become too anxeh. In the second sentence, it is mcm丨ary to use the marker le to Indicate that the m«at and vegetable Is not ranted anymore. 23. VH oMdě h3ht b&o lě. I9vē had plmtty. Taipei: At another small restaurant: M: NĪ xiSng chī shěnme? What do you want to eat? F: WSmen diSn yige chSo milui, We’ll order a fried ylge ch&o fin. Zeli lit noodles, and a ftried rice, ylge tang, zěxuneyāng? and also have them bring soup, all right? M: HSo a. Nl xiSng chī shěnme Okay. What kind of fried chSo ml^n9 chao tkn a? noodles and fried rice do you vant to eat? F: SulblSn. NĪ dlSn ba. As you like. You order. M: WSmen diSn ylge xiarSn We'll order a fried noodles chSo miān, yige buStuI with shrimp, a fried rice jīditn chSo fiLn, H&i l&i with ham and eggs, and yige bSicdi ddufu tang» have them bring a cabbage hSo bu hao? and 'beem curd soup, all right? F: HSo. Good. (After they have finished eating.) M: Nī xiSng bu xiang chī dian Do you want to eat something ti£nde dongxl? sweet? F: Bd. ylLo le. WS bSo le, I don't vant anything else. 工,ve had enough. M: Nl biě kěq.1 a! Have some more! F: WS bti shi k^q.1* WS Thanks. I've had plenty, chide hen bSo le. MOTES OR THE DIALOGUE Zki lai yige tang* z8ningy5ng?: Here you see another example of the vord zai> meaning 'additionally* or 'more、 对 xiang bu xiang chi dian ti&nde dongxl?; The Chinese are not accustomed to eating desserts as are some other cultures• While they have Invented some rather lucious desserts, these cure usually served only at more formal dinners. At & modest meal or in a xiSochidlan^ the only dessert available is probably fruit. PART HI 2k. W5 zhldao nl xihuan chi I know you like to eat lSde.peppery-hot things• 25. Dangrin h£i yao ylge tang. Of course, vefll also want a soup. 26• Nl .Uiode tki duo le. You!ve ordered too much. 27. MāpS ddufu a apiōy Szeohbkm di$h made with bean curd 28. yūxiang giizi aromatio fiōh^etyle eggplant (A Szeohoan diōh) 29. gōngbSo dldxng diced ōhiōkenM bcanhoo ahoote^ onione^ and red peppers (a SzBohDcm dish) 30. xiarin gudba tāng shrimp and eiszling rioe eoup 31. b&Bl pingguo spun taffy apples NOTES ON PART HI zhidao: The verb fto know51, ahidao is a state ver°b and therefore can be negated only with the syllable WS zu6tian bū zhldSo tā Yesterday I didnft knov zil nSr. where he vas. Notice also that the verb fto know19 zhidao• has a neutral tone on the last syllable• But when, it is negated, the verb fto knovf has tones on all syllables» bū zhidio* Nl .USode t5i duō le,: fyoufve ordered too much.1 A more literal translation might be fWhat youWe ordered is too much.f The phrase Nl Ji&ode 1b a modifying phrase vith the modified noun (perhaps 'foodf or 'dishes') deleted. Mfo6 dSufu: This is a peppery hot dish made of bean curd, finely chopped beef or pork and hot bean pasta. This dish is typical of the Szechwan style of cooking, which is noted for hot spicy dishes. ylxiang ql^zi; This name literally means f fragrant-fish eggplant1• However, there is no fish used in the preparation of the dish. It is made with scallions, ginger» garlic, hot bean paste, vinegar and soy sauce. Ytbclang refers to a famous Szechvan manner of preparation which vas originally used to xoake fish dishes, but vas later applied to other foods» such as pork, beef, and eggplant. Jldlng: E&rlier you saw the vord JlpliLn, 1 chicken slices'» nov you see the word Jlding> vhich means f chicken cubM1 or f diced chicken* • Both are cossaonly used in the names of dishes• gōngbSo Jiding: This is a famous dish vhich originated in Szechvan. It is made with diced chicken9 bamboo shoots, scallions, red peppers, say sauce, and garlic. xiarěn guōba tangs This is a shrimp and tomato soup into vhich squares of dried crispy rice are dropped. These squares of rice bear some resemblance to *rice crispies*. They are the crisp brovned part of the rice left at the bottom of the pot. As the crispy rice squares are poured into the hot soup, & sizzling, crackling sound is given off. bisl pinggxao; This is a dessert made of apple slices lAiich are covered vith & light batter and、deep fried. The fried apples are then dipped in a hot mixture of sugar-syrup and sesame seeds. The apples are coated much in the same way taffy apples are. These hot sugar-coated apples are then dropped into a bovl of Ice vater, vhich hardens the sugar syrup covering into a crisp candy coating. The result is a dessert vhich combines a ntnober of textures and tastes• The name for this dessert is translated many ways: •spun taffy apples19 *caraiael apple fritters *» 'pulled silk apples' • Bananas can also be prepared in this way. Taipei: A conversation betveen two Chinese friends who are out to dinner in a Szechvan restaurant. M: Nl xiSng chi shěnme c^i? What would you like to eat? F: Sulbidn. Nl dian ba. As you like. You order. M: W5 zhīdao nl xīhuan chī I know you like to eat leLde. Women dian yfge peppery-hot things. How M&p6 dSufu, ylge yfixiang about if ve order MSp6 qiSzi, ylge gōngbǎo bean curd, ylixiāng egg- jīdīng, zěnmeyang? plant and chicken cubes DSngrfin hSi yito yige tang. with red peppers? Of course we111 also vant & soup. F: Ei, nl JilLode tSi duō le. Hey, youWe ordered too much. WSmen liSngge rěn JiSo If the two of us order two li&ngge c盔i, ylge tāng dishes and one soup, that jiň gdu le. will be enough. M: Hǎo* Nlme nī shuo v6men Okay* Then vhich two dishes iiko něi liSngge cāi. do you say ve should order? F: Ylge Ml.p6 ddufu，ylge M&p6 bean curd, chicken cubes gōngbSo jīding, hli ylto with red peppers, and ylge xiārěn guffba tang, shrimp and sizzling rice hEo bu hao? soup,, okay? M: Hao. Zāl yāo ylge bisī Okay, And spun taffy apples« pingguo• F: HSo. Okay. NOTES ON THE DIALOGUE Dinner in a Szechvan Restaurant; China has a rich and varied tradition of cooking, due to the size of the country, the many different foods available, and the long history of. its culture. The nuniberoiis styles of cooking may be grouped into the following schools: The Northern School (JIng cili), The Sichuan School (Chuan CaLi) * The Hun£n School (Xiang Cili), The Shanghai School (HvL C&i)7~ The F{ijian School (Min Cfii), The Canton School (Yu各 Cili) > each vith its own distinct style ana famous dishes. It Is common to find restaurants representing most of these schools of cooking in many cities in China. Dangr&n bii yio ylge tang: The speaker says 'HatixraU^ vefll also vant &^oup. """becaiise soup is a part of every Chinese meal, from the simplest lunch to the most elaborate dinner. The reason for this is that, unless toasts are being drunk, the Chinese do not drink beverages along with their meal. The soup, vhich is served at the end of the meal, is the main liquid of the meal. 32. x%hňng8hi (Northern China) tomato 33. fānqii (Southern China) tomato 3U • ōhāMi fork 35. daoui Jmife 36. »ha6r (sh&ozi) epoon 37. H6og9ng epoon sb&or (sh^ozl) /11 iogfag: The vord Bhior is used more ±a Pricing,的ile tlioggpg is tiāed in other parts of the coxintiy* too. Vocabulary biiaSti oabbage bgo to be satisfied bi$ds othev^ different t)i备 \ňqi don't be formal; don*t stand on ceremony tō. cud 'not bad*» in the sense of 1pretty good,, .pretty well, cii main dishes, food ohāzi fork dāngr&x naturally* of course dāozi knife dSufu soy bean curd fanqit tomato hǎochl to be tasty, good to eat JI chicken Ji^ndānde something simple JiSo to order jiding diced chicken j ipiScn chicken 8 Hoes kěfāa * fixed meal1, a type of meal in vhich soupy a main dish, rice and tea are all served for one price. qiězi eggplant qlngjiāo green pepper Bh&or epoon H&oghtg epoon xiltōi next time xiar$n shrimp xlhSngehl tomato xuSdHu enow peae yizhSng & kind, one kind ydng to use; vith ydng kuiizi to use chopsticks; with chopsticks zhingdanzi check zhīdao to know Restaurant Module, Unit 3 PART I 1. W5 bū dōu kandedSng. I can’t read all of it. 2. Tīngting nīde Jianyi ba. Letfs hear your suggestions. 3. Jīntiande hu&nghuā vH hen Today1s yellow fish is fresh. xlnxian. k• L&i ge HSngshāo Yu gen ylge How about having one Red- CSngbSo Nifirōu, zki iSi cooked Fish and one Beef yige Yūxiǎng Qiězi, hǎo with Spring Onions, and "bu hao? then how about an Aromatic Fiah-style Eggplant? 5. Wo hen xihuan Zh&caLi Rdusī I like Szechvan Hot Pickled Tāng. Cabbage and Pork Shreds Soup. 6. Nimen yao chi mlfkn haishi Do you want to eat rice or huājuar? flower-rolls? 7. Qlng ni suan yixia zhāng, Please figure out the bill, ba xlaofei yě suan zai and figure in the tip, too. llmian. 8. Iflmen How many are you? 9. yS gěi nīmen zhao ge w^izi. I9ll look for eeate for you. 10. Jintiande chi dou zai The diōhe8 for today are hēibanehang xiezhe ne. written on the blac'kboard. 11. Zh^r ehi gongnongbZn^ Thia is a labor ere farmers9 ^ ahitang. ccnd eoldiere 9 dining hall, 12. Zh^r měi 8hěnme hao ōbis There really arenft any ohidelai ma? unuemlly good diehee here. Ie it all right for you? ; NOTES ON PART I kandedong: This is a compound verb of result meaning fcan read and understand (It)1. Its negative counterpart is klnbudSng, han’t read and understand (it)1. See Meeting Module• Reference Notes for Unit 1 for a discussion of compound verbs of result. Ta xlěde zi， vo kanbudSng. I canft read (understand) his writing. HvULnghua Yň: The Seiaena Sohelegeli is translated here as ,yellow fish1. It is sometimes referred to in Chinese as hu£ng yu. In English, it is also called croaker, dnan fish, or China Bass. Since the hiaĀnghua yd is a fish native to China, any American fish name given to it, such as croaker, is at "best only a rough equivalent. H$ng3hao Y f farmer1, noncain• and •soldier1, blnR. Notice that the first syllable (or only syllable) of each is used to make this abbreviated form. chidelll: This is a compound verb of result vith the syllable -de- inserted between the action verb and the ending verb. This pattern is .used to express the meaning !able to _1 _ Usually the second verb of the compound expresses the specific result of the action, but here the verb l£i expresses only the general idea of result. (The verb iti in this position has "been called a ’dunmiy result ending9.边 can also be used this way.) Although no specific result is expressed here, the pattern is still used because it expresses the idea of ^can1 or !able to、 Meiguo cai， vo zuědelāi; I can cook American food, ZhSngguo cai, w5 zu&bulāi. I cantat cook Chinese food. Meiguo cai, v5 hui zud; I can cook American food, Zhōngguo cai, vS ^6. huī zu3. I can't cook Chinese food. Peking: Three American women, vho have spent the morning sightseeing, enter a cafeteria In a park. It is lunchtime and there are many people. As the vomen get in line to order, an attendant in the cafeteria co&es up to them. M: Nlmen s&nvēi zoa?! WS gSi There are three of you?! nimen zhSo ge v 备isi, zhdr 1,11 look for seats for r系n du5. (^tng gen wo you. There are too many lii, people here. Please follow me. F: Xiěxie. Thank you. (After sitting down,) M: Nīmen yio chī diar shinae? What vould you like? F: Tāmen d5u xiSng chī sh^tune? Vhat vould they likef (looking at her 'friends and deferring politely.) M: Jintiande cSli dou zi± heibSn- The dishes for today are shazxg xl^%he ne. written on the 'blacl^board. F: WS bit dou k&ndedSng. Tīngting I ccmft read all of it. nīde Jlcbyi ba. Let*8 hear your opinion. M: Jīntiande h\x£ngh\i& yfi hSn Today's yellov fish is xīnxlan. L&l ge H6ngshaoyH9 fresh. Hov about one Red-ylge Congbio NlfSrdu» sil cookad Pish 丨 one Beef and lii ylge YlSxlizig Qiisi, hXo Spring Onions, and one bu haoY Aromatic Flth-style Eggplant$ all rightf P: HSo. JIntian ySu shSnae Vhat kind of 0019 is thare tang? today? M: JXntian shi Xlh6ng0hi Jldin Today itrs Tonato and Egg Tang. Soup. P: W8 hSn xihuan Zhlteii Rdusī I like 8secfa«ran Hot Pickled Tang. Nlaen y8u mat Cabbage and Pork Shreds Soi^p very nuch* Do you have itT M: VSmen kiyl gSi nl sud. We can nake boom for you. P: HSojlie. Wonderful. M: Nimen yao chi mXfan haishi Do you vant to eat rice or huajuSr? flower rolls F: L&i sānvan fin, sange How about bringing three huājuar ba. bowls of rice and three flower-rolls? M: Nimen hui y5ng kuaizi ba? Can you use chopsticks? P: Hui yōng, keshi yongde Yes, but not too well. tki hao. (After eating.) F: Cāi hen hǎo. The food was good. M: Nln chlhǎo le?! Women Are you finished?! This zhěr shi gōngnongbīng is a laborers1, farmers1, shftlLng. Mei sh豸nine and soldiersf dining hall, hǎo c§i, Chldelfii ba? There really aren*t any unusually good dishes here. Was it all right for you? F: FēichSng hSo. WSmen dou It vas very good! Wefve all chide hen bSo. Yfgong had plenty• How much is duoshao q.i£n? it altogether? M: Nln děng wo suSnsuan… Wait while I figure it out... Ylgdng wǔituai liň. Altogether it's five dollars and sixty cents. F: Xiěxie. Zaijian. Thank you. Qood-t)ye. M: Bil xih. Qlng z^i lai. Don't mention it. Please come again• NOTES AFTER DIALOGUE IN PART I Notice that in this situation the cafeteria attendant does not let the foreigners stand in line for their food. Instead he waits on them getting them special food vhen possible. The Chinese feel that foreigners are their guests and should be treated accordingly. W5 bu dōu kandedSng: Notice that the American voman chooses a rather indirect way of letting the Chinese attendant know that she cannot read. In the lines following, the attendant ansvers back simply suggesting some of the more tasty dishes, a courteous and face-saving response. Hut yong% keshi ySngde bfi tai hSo: This is another courteous response. Here the American lets it be known that they can handle chopsticks, "but does so modestly. Chldel£i ba?: Literally, 'Was it edible?9 or 9Could you eat it?1 Taipei: • \ Three ftriends enter a restaurant in downtown Taipei at lunchtlae. A vaiter comes up to them. M: Qīngvěn, Jlvěi? Hay I ask，hov many are you? F: WSmen y5u sange rěn. There are three of us. M: Qlng gen wo l&i. Zxň zSi Please follow me. Hov a1x)ut zheli zěxmeyingl sitting here? F: HSo, xiěxie. Fine, thank you. (After sitting down.) M: Zhě shi caidān. XiSng dlSn This is the menu. What xiē shěnme ciiT dishes would you like to order? F: WSmen gang c6ng MSiguo l&i. We.ve Just come from America* Dul Zhōngguo c£l! *b1i tctl Ve don't knov much about dSng. Qlng ni jiěshāo Chinese food. Please tell yixia nimen zhělide cāi us about the dishes here, ba* M: W5men zhělide H6ngshāo Yu The Red-cooked Fish is not hen bū cuo. Cōng^elo "bad here. The Beef with NidrSu, Yuxiāng RousI ye Spring Onions and the hen hSo. Aromatic Fish-style Pork are also good. F: NS Jixi jiSo zhě sānge cai Then we* 11 order these ba. three dishes. M: YlLo "bu yao lii ge tāng? Would you like to order a soup? F: Nīmen y5u meiyou ZhScSi Do you have Szechwan Hot Rěusl Tāng? Pickled Cabbage and Pork Shreds Soup? M: You. LlLi JlwSn fin? Yes. And how many bowls of rice shall I bring? F: Xiān lii sanvǎn. B is sometimes omitted. Wo chtile mai yiběn shū, h£i In addition to buying one yko znǎi yiběn zazhi. lx>ok, I also vant to buy one magazine. fensī: These are called 1cellophane noodles1 because their appearance is clear and glass-like. They are made from pea^starch and are s咖etimes called pea-starch noodles. zuSliSo: This refers to various sauces used to dip the1lamb in, and therefore translates as *condiment'. In other contexts, zuňli&o can mean fingredient*• shuōde v8 dōu ě le: Here you see a verb, shuo, the syllable de, and the result of The action of talking (^S dou ě le.) A literal translation of the expression might "be 9Talk to (the point that) I'm already hungry. * The marker de carries the meaning fto the point of、*to the extent that*"Tn this es^ession. xiang cil: A coarse, leafy, strong tasting type of parsley. Peking: This conversation takes place in late spring in Peking. A foreign student talks with & few of his Chinese classmates. M: WS l£i Běijīng zh^zune Jiǔ I,ve been in Peking for so le, h&i mělyou jīhui q^L long and I haven't yet chi ySumlngde Kao Y&ngrdu, had the chance to eat ShulLn Y£ngrSu. the famous Mongolian Barbecued Lanb or Laaib Hot Pot. F: Rōguo xiSng chi, Jiū kusli If we want to eat it, then chi *ba. Tiān rě le, we should go soon. There jiu měiyou le. wonft be any available after the weather gets warmer. M: Nā zhao Jige pěngyou zhěige Well then, let's find some Xlngqlli\i qu chi ShueLn friends and go eat Y&igrfiu. Nl shuō d&o nSr Mongolian Lamb Hot Pot qū chi? this Saturday. Where do you think we should go? F: Qd H6ngblnl6u ba. Něige Let's go to the Hongblnlou. f&ngu&r hSn hSo. That’s a good restaurant. M: H5ngblnl6u?! Shi bu shi HSngblnlou?! Is that over zāl Xīdān nār? W5 Jide by the Xldǎn? I remember vS qil nkr chīguo guStiē. I vent there once and ate guōtiē. F: Dul, Jiū shi něige Hulmin That's right, it's that Moslem fSngu&r• restaurant• M: Tāmende guōtiē zhěn hSochī Their guōtiē are really yě piānyi. tasty and cheap. F: Wǔge guōtiē ytmlLoěr, shi Five guōtiē for twelve cents, bu shi? right? M: Shi, wS chile shlvuge, měi Yes, I ate fifteen, didnft chī biěde, chīde hen bǎo. eat anything else，and vas Ei! Chi ShuSn Yfingrōude full. Hey, when you're shlhou hai chī shěnme? having Lamb Hot Pot, what else do you eat? F: Chtile nifi-yěngrōu yīviti, Aside from beef and lamb, y5u shSobing, hfii ySu There's shāoMng, cabbage b£icais fěnsī* shěnmede. cellophane noodles and so on. M: Chi Shu&n YěngrSu d5u ySu When youfre having Mongolian shěnme zu6liao? Hot Pot, vhat condiments are there? F: YSu Ji&ig y6u, xlāng y6u, Therefs soy sauce, sesame xiang cai 9 dōufu lu, oil, Chinese parsley, fer- zhima shěnmede. mented bean curd sauce, sesame paste, and so on. M: Eng! ShuSde w5 dōu 备 le. Oh, wefve talked so much y5 āko chī zhēngfinde I*ve gotten hungry, and shlhou le. it's lunch time. F: Z5u, qū shltfing chī tin qjX. Let's go, ve丨 11 go to the dining hall and eat. Taipei: This conversation takes pl&ce in winter in Taipei• A foreign student and some of his Chinese classmateB are in a northern Chinese restaurant, waiting for the food to come. F: JIntian chi Shuin Yingrdu It18 nice to "be having hen hSo. Mongolian Hot Pot today. M: Shi, vS zSo Jiii tīngshuō Yes, I We heard for a long Shuin Yingrdu shi ySumlngde time that Mongolian Hot ZhSngguo beifang cdi. Pot is a famous northern Chinese dish. F: Chī Shu&n Yluigrdu, rěn duō, If ve have more people, chlqilai fēich&ig y5u ylsi. eating Mongolian Hot, Pot is very Interesting. M: Tīngshuō chī Shu&i Y&ngrSude I,av*e heard that vhen you shlhou ySo ySng hen duō eat Mongolian Hot Pot, zu6liāo, shi bu shi? you use a lot of condiments. F: Dui, ySu Ji&ng y6u, xiang y6u, That’s right, there1s soy xi&ng c在i， ddufu lǔ, zhīma sauce, sesame oil， Chinese JiSLng. Chule rdu gēn zuSliāo parsley, femented bean curd yivii, h&i ySu b&icitl, ddufu» saucet and sesame paste. fSnsI, shěxuaede. Aside from the meat and the condiments 9 there are also cabbage, doufu, cellophane noodles, and so on. M: Dōngxi zhen bū shSo a. There are really lots of things. F: HSo, nī kflLn> l&l le. Good， look, itfs here. NOTES AFTER DIALOGUE IN PART II běifSng c^i: The syllable -fang means *place1 or fregion*. It is added to direction vords to form the name of a place. Beifang cki refers to Northern Chinese cuisine. N^nfang cali refers to cuisine south of the Yangtze river, including the Shanghai school of cooking and the Cantonese school of cooking. PART III 1. Zhěxiē c&i dōu shi w5 I cooked all these dishes zl.1ǐ zuode. myself. 2. Wo ,1uěde Zhōngguo rěn jiāli I feel that Chinese home- zuode cai zhēn hǎochī. cooked dishes are truly tasty. 3. Lai ge baoblng gēn Muxu Rdu. Have a baoblng and some Moshi Pork. k• Zhěge sūcai hen xiang. This vegetarian vegetable dish is very fragrant. 5. Zhěge cāi Jiao T&ngcň This dish is called Sveet I Baicāi. and Sour Cabbage. 6. Nl yao bu yao dian Qingdou Would you like some Shrimp Xiārěn. vith Green Peas? ----i NOTES ON PART III b&obing: These are thin, vheat cakes, usually rolled out and cooked in pairs that are separated before use. They resemble thin, French crepes in appearance. They are eaten with dishes instead of rice. M^xu Rou: This is a pork dish cooked with egg. It is eaten with baobingT A spoonful of Mibcu R5u is placed in the middle of a boobing* Then it is rolled up and eaten» sucai: This is a vegetable dish made with no meat sauces or flavorings at all, and is therefore correctly called a vegetarian vegetable dish. Although sūcSi are aade without the use of meat sauces or meat flavorings, they are often artfully seasoned and formed in such a way that they resemble meat very closely. xiang: This is the adjectival verb fto be fragrantv. Zhěge 8\icSi hen xiang,, could also be translated as ,This vegetarian vegetable dish has a good aroma、 The verb xiang is often used when talking about food to refer to dishes vith garlic or ginger. Tftlpel: Miss Wang invites an American couple, Mr. and Mrs. White to her apartment for dinner. They are Just sitting down to dinner• F: Qlng zud! Qing zuS! Please sit down. Please • " Dōu shi w5 zijl sit down. ••• I made this zuode. Bu zhīdao hao all myself. I don't know bu haochl. if it’s tasty or not. M: Ylding haochī* WS juěde It vill certainly be tasty. Zhongguo rěn Jiali zuSde I feel that Chinese home- cii zhēn haochl. cooked dishes are truly tasty. (As she gives Mr. White some food, Miss Wang says:) F: Lii ge biobīng gēn Mūxu Have a baoblng and some r3u. Moshi Pork. M: Zhěge s\iceLi hen xiāng. This vegetarian vegetable Jiao shetune? dish is very fragrant. What is it called? F: JiiLo T&igcii B£icai. Itfs called Sveet and Sour Cabbage. M: W&ng Xi&ojie, nī hSn hui Miss Wang, you really knov zud cii. Nl shi zSi how to cook. Where did n&ll xuěde? you learn? F: JiO. shi zti Jiāli xuěde. I Just learned at home. WS mǔqin hln hui zu3 clLi, VSy mother really knows kSshi w5 Jill hui zud Jige hov to cook, but I only cāi, yě zudde bd tSi hSo. know hov to cook a few dishes, and I don’t make those very well. M: Nl tSi kěqi. Zhěge shi You1re too polite. This xiǎ ba. must be shrimp. F: Dui le. Zhěge shi QIngdSu Thatfs right. This Is Xiārěn. Nimen h&i yato bu Shrimp with Green Peas, yao diSn fin? Would you like some more rice? M: Bil yio le. WSmen yījing chide No. We've already eaten hSn du5 le. a lot. F: HSo. QXng nSmen duo chi dlSn All right. Please have more cili. of the disheB, Vocabulary b&oblng thin rolled* wheat-flour pancake ohtdal&i Ib it all right for you (to eat)? chūle ••• yīvii aside from, in addition to cōng scallion Cǒngbāo Nidrdu Beef vith Spring Onions cvl vinegar ddufu lǔ fermented bean curd sauce 各 to be hungry fěnsī cellophane noodles gdngndngbtng workere^ farmera, Boldiera heibSn blaokboard U6ngblnl6u name of a restaurant H6ngsh&o Y fa feast or banquet1, is -zhruǒ, •table'. duōshao qiinde biāozhun: ,What price level1. Biaozhun literally means 1 standard1. Duōshao qiinde biaozhun could also "be translated more literally as *a standard costing how much1, where du5shao qlĀn 'how much does it cost?1 modifies "biaozhun> 'standard'•' You will also hear duōshao qi£n biaozhunde,, with the marker de placed at the end of the phrase. In this case the vhole phrase fwhat price levelf modifies the noun Jiuxl, fbanquetf, vhich has been left out of the sentence because it is understood. kě： This word for guest is interchangeable with kěren, duobcLn: fMost of...1. DuSban is a noun and is used in the subject position. Tāmen duōban dōu "bti q.\i. Most of them are not going. Duōbin shi niān Zh5ngvěn ne. Most of them are studying Chinese. rSng vSmen pěi.> >: fHave us select...1, or more literally fallov us to select...1. The verb pěl means fto match'. Dishes are matched to make a formal menu in Chinese. lěngpin: *001(1 dishes1 or appetizers start off the menu in a formal Chinese dinner. Four cold dishes followed by six to eight main courses, a soup and a dessert is one type of menu arrangement used for formal dinners. Four cold dishes, four sauteed dishes and four main dishes, soup and dessert in another type of formal menu. Cold dishes are usually prepared so as to be pleasing to the eye as well as the palate. Cold cooked meats and vegetables are arranged in colorful designs. jiu: Literally, this means 'liquor*. It is a term referring to any kind of alcoholic beverage from light beers and vine to hard liquor. Ěměi Canting: This is the name of a restaurant offering Szechvan style cuisine. Omei (fiměl) is the name of a mountain range running through Szechvan. Peking: A conversation on the telephone. M: Wěi! Hello! F: Věi! Shi Fēngzěyuin ma? Hello! Is this the Fangzeyuan? M: Shi a! Nln n&r a? Yes. Who is this? F: WS rfng Hu4i Tě. My name is White. M: Ou, Hu&i Tě Nushi. Oh, Ms. White. F: WS dS8uan zhěige Xīngqīliil I'd like to arrange a (one vSnshang liūdiSn zhong table) dinner party for ding yizhuo xl. this Saturday erening at six o'clock. M: DuōshSověi ne? Hov nomy people? F: Shlge rěn. Ten people. M: Nln y^o duōshao qifinde What price level vould you biaozhun? like? ' \ F: Nl kān duōshao qi&n ylge .What price per person do rin hishl ne? you think vould be suitable? M: WSmen ySu shldrkuSli qi&n We have & jSl2 standard, & Maozhunde9 ySu shlvSku&i 015 standard and a $20 qifin l^iaozhSnde, y8 ySu standard. There are also 2rshiku2i qlin biaozhSnde. more expensive ones. H&i ySu g^ng guide. P: Ou, w5 xlSxxg shlvQkuii qiia 0h« I think the $13 standard biaozhSnde jlxl xlng le. vlll be all right* M: Cili shi nln zijl diin ne Will you choose the dishes hii8hl ring vSmen pdi net yourself or have us seleet them? F: W5 bii t紅 dSng. Nimen gSi I don*b knov too much about vo pěi ba. it. You select them for me. M: Sng, h&o ba. Women gěi Mmn, okay. We'll select nin pel. ••• Ylge da for you. One large cold l§ngp£n» tiāko cki9 yige platter, eight main courses, tang, y£ge ti^nc^i. one soup, and one dessert. F: HSo. Good. M: 0u» nimen hē Jiǔ ma? Oh, will you "be drinking something (alcoholic)? Fs He, kSshi hēde bil tdi duō. Yes, but we von't *be drinking too much. M: Jiu dei lingwāi suin. The liquor is figured additionally. F: Ou, nk mei věnti. Oh, thatfs no probl咖. M: HSo. Jiū zhěnme bin ba. Okay, Then let's do it that way. F: HSo. Xiěxie ni. Good. Thank you. ROTES FOLLOWING DIALOGUE I Si yko duōshao qi£n biaozhunde?: In restaurants in Peking, dinners for a group of people can be arranged on a price per person basis. The restaurants often have several standard priced menus to choose from. Yfge dS lgngp&n: One large cold platter instead of several smaller cold dishes may be used in making up the menu for a dinner. One large cold platter, eight main courses, a soup and a dessert is another type of menu for & dinner. q 12. HSngahāo Yūohi Red-oooked Shark98 Fin 13. Xiāngōū īā Fragrant Crispy Duck lU. Gānshao Mtngxiā Dry-cooked Jwribo Shrimp Szechuan Style I 15. Fuffui Jī Beggar9e Chicken 16. Tangau Yū Sweet and Sour Fish 1了. Mīzhī Huotut Ham in Honey Sauce 10. Ddnggua Zhong Winter Melon Soup served in the Carved Melon Shell 19. Babao Fbn Eight Jewel Rice 20. Xlngv^n Ddufu Almond Pudding NOTES ON VOCABULARY NOS, 12-20 H6ng8hao Yūchi: Shark1s Fin is considered a delicacy by the Chinese because it is rare, nutritious and has & smooth, chewy texture vhen cooked. Some people think that it is best prepared in the red-cooked style. Xiangsu Ya: Fragrant Crispy Duck is marinated and steamed with onions, wine, ginger, pepper and anise, then deep fried quickly for a crispy result. This method of preparing duck is an example of southern style cooking. Ftlgui JI: 'Beggar98 Chicken* is a whole chicken vrapped in vet clay, then roasted until very tender. It is said that this method of preparation vas first used "by beggars. Originally this dish vas called JiSohua JI, literally 'Beggar's Chicken1; but as the dish became popular among the upper class， the name changed to Fňgul Jī9 literally 1Riches and Honor Chickenf• DSnggua ZhSng: Winter melon, mushrooms, and ham go Into this soup* On festive occasions the melon shell is carved with decorations, such as dragons» and used as a bovl for serving the soup. This is a Cantonese specialty• Xingrěn pSnfu： This is translated here as 'Almond Pudding9. Because Xlngren DSufu^ with its light consistencyy is s咖evhere betveen a pudding and a gelatin, *Almond Gelatin1 vould also be a fitting translation of the name. Babao Fltn: ,Eight Jewel Rice、This is sveet sticky rice (ndmi) vith preserved fruits. The rice is shaped into a mound and decorated with some of the preserved fruit. Taipei: An American voman calls a restaurant in TfiibSi. M: Wěi, ĚDxěi Canting. Hello. Omei Restaurant. F: Wěi. VS shi Bii TiLitai. This is Mrs. White. Next Xi&ge Xīngqītiān shi vS Sunday is my husband*8 xiānshengde shengri. "birthday. I'd like to W5 xiSng zHi nimen nkli invite two tables of guests qlng liangzhuō kě. at your place. M: HSo, hSo_ Good, good. F: WSmen ySu ěrshige rěn. There vill be twenty of us. VS y&o ding liangzhuS c^l. I’d like to reserve two Nl kdn del duōshao qifin? tables and order some dishes. Hov much do you think it will cost? M: Zui shSo dSi vǔq.iān At least five thousand kuāli yizhuō. Nī shi dollars & table. Meiguo rěn ma? Are you an American? F: Shi. WS shi Meiguo rěn. Yes, Ivm an American. M: Nī qīngde kěren ne? And the people youfve invited? F: DuǒbcLn shi ZhSngguo rěn. Most of them are Chinese. M: HSo. W8 xiSngylxlang Okay. Let me think how zSzuae gSi nl p荟i cli. Ifll choose the dishes for …Eng* Ylge dei iSngp&x, you.…Mm. Hov about liild^o cili, ylge tāng, one large cold dish, six ylge ti&nc在i, zSnmeyibg? main dishes, one so\q>9 and one dessert? F: Eng. HSo! HSo! Nl gěi ttan. Good. Good. Tell me wo shuōshuō liūdio c在i a bit about vhat the Bix shi shěnme cii. main course are. M: Nimen xīhuan chi ldde，shi You like to eat hot dishes v bu shi? don’t you? F: Dui. WSmen xihuan chī lclde. That's right. We like to eat hot dishes. M:成o. W5 gSi ni pdi jige Okay. Ifll select some hot 1在 cii. DiyI, HSngshao dishes for you. First， Yfichi. Red-cooked Shark’s Fin. F: HSo* Good. M: Didr, Xiangsu Ya. Second, Fragrant Crispy Duck* F: HSo. Good* M: DisSn， G£n8hao Mlngxia. Third, Dry-cooked Jumbo Shrimp Szechwan Style. F: H&o, Good. M: Dis戈，Fxigui JI. Fourth, Beggar's Chicken. P: HSo. Good. M: Zii l&i ylge T&ngcil YU And hov about a Sveet and gen ylge MizhI HuStuI Sour Fish and a Han in zSzu&ey&ig? Honey Sauce, too? F: H§n h8o, hSn h2o. Tang shi Very good, very good.、 shěnme tang? Vhat is the soup? M: DSnggua Zh5ng. Winter Melon Soup served in the carved Melon Shell. F: Good. M: Tifinc&L nl kin ylU) B&sl For dessert do you think you Pingguo* h&lshl BSbSo Fin, vant Spun Taffy Apples» or h&ishi Xingrěn Ddufu? Eight Jewel Rice, or Almond Pudding? F: W8 k^n BSbSo 7ka hSo yidiSn. I think the Eight Jevel Rice vould be better. M: HXo. Fine. PART II 21. Madlng Nushi, JIntian Ms. Martin, today we bid you J shi gěi ni songxlng. farewell. 22. Nl shi zhukě. You are the guest of honor. 23. Dajia dou qīng zuo. Everyone, please sit down, 2k. Biě Sin gěi wo jiān cāi. Donft Just be selecting out food for me. 25. Qing d&jiā dou gǎn yibēi. Letfs all drink a glass. 26. Zh\i tā shēntl .liSnkapg^ Letf s all wish her good ~gōngzuS shSali, health and work that goes veil. 2了，Hěl yao zh\i ta yilyj plngan! And ve also want to wish her a good journey! 28. Wo bū hui hē jiǔ. DiLJia I*m not much of a drinker. dou suiyi ba. Please everyone» drink as you like. 29. Zul Ji Drunken Chicken NOTES ON PART II zhukě; At a Chinese banquet the guest of honor sits farthest away from the door, the inner-most place in the room. The host sits nearest the door, on the serving side of the table. Biě Ain gěi vo jian cki: This expression is often used at dinner parties. It is good hospitality for the host or hostess to serve the guests individually from time to time, picking out tender morsels for them. Fellow guests may also do this for the guest of honor. gān yibēi: fDrink a glass、literally fdry 孤 glass' (meaning fto make the glass dry "by emptying it). Since wine cups are small, the usual toast is Gān bēi!• 1Bottoms up!f For people vho don't like to drink too much, the phrase Sulyi• fAs you like1, vill serve as a reply indicating that the vhole cup need not be emptied. See the note on sufyi below. Zui Ji: f Drunken Chicken1. l?he name of this dish comes from the way in vhich it is prepared. The verb zui fto get dnulk,, refers to the fact that the chicken is marinated in wine at least over-night. This dish originates with the Shanghai school of cooking. It is served cold. W8 bil hui he Jiu. Dctjia dōu suiyt ba.: Chinese drinking etiquette requires that if someone doesnft vant to participate in the full range of drinking activities, he should so indicate early on, Peking: M: Hei! Nimen dou lfii le. Hey! Youfve all come. Qlng zu3» qīng zu3. Please sit down, please ••• MSdīng Nushi, JXntian sit down. Ms. Martin, shi gěi ni sosigxing. Hi today we bid you farewell, shi zhǔk^. Qlng nl zuB You are the guest of honor, zeli zhěr. Please sit here. FI: HSo. Xiěxie» xiěxie. Ok^r, thank you, thank you. M: Dltjiā dōu qlng zud. Everyone please sit down. (After everyone has sat down and chatted for awhile v the col^d dishes and wine are served.) M: )&dīng Nushi, nī chi Ms. Martin, have some of this diar zhěige lěngpin. cold dish. FI: Hao, v5 zijt lii. Fine, 1*11 serve myself. …Eng, zhěige Zul JI …Man, this Drunken zudde zhēn hSo. Chicken is made really veil. M: Yāoshi xihuan chī jiii du5 If you like it then have chī yidiǎr. a little more. (Here he serves or points to the dish vith his chopsticks.) FI: Hao. All right. (Ms. Martin turns to Section Chief Wang vho is Bitting next to her and has just given her & little bit of one of the dishes.) FI: W&ūg Kēzhang! Hi ye chī a! Section Chief Wang. You Biě Jin gěi wo jiān c^i. eat too! Donfat just be selecting out food for me. F2: HSo. WS chī, vS chī. Okay, I'm eating M: JIntian w5men gěi MSdīng Today ve "bid Ms. Martin Nushi sdngxlng• Qlng farevell• Let *s all dfiljia dou gān yibēi! drink a glass. Let's all Zhh ta shēntl Jiankāng, vish her good health and gongzuS shiinll. work that goes veil. F2: H£i ylo zhū tā yflQ. And ve also vant to wish her pfngān! a good Journey! FI: Xiěxie Lī Chiizhang. Thank you Division Chief Xiěxie W&ig Kě zhang. Li. Thank you Section Xiěxie diLJiǎ. Wo Chief Wang. Thank you hui hē Jiǔ. DeLJiā everyone. Ifm not much sulyi ba. of a drinker. Everyone drink as you like. (The hot dishes are now being served.) M: DSjia mebunǎr chī. Duō chi Everyone take your time. yidiSr. Have a little more. NOTES FOLLOWING PART II DIALOGUE Most of the entertaining at a Chinese dinner party takes place at the dinner table, although there is some tea drinking and chatting both before and after the meal in other rooms. The dinner is served at a leisurely pace so that each dish may be savored and talked about. A good dish is appreciated for its appearance as much as its taste, texture and aroma. As each dish is eaten, toasts will be made* The host will start off *by toasting the guest of honor and then other guests as a group. As the evening progresses he will toast each guest in turn and each guest will probably propose a toast of his own in honor of the host. A strongly flavored liquor (gaollang a milder rice wine (huSng Jiu) • or beer may *be served. Guests usually drink only vhen toasting. If youfd like to take a drink of something you either propose a toast or catch someon's eye and silently toast each other. m&ximar chi In sentences expressing commands or requests f an adjectival verb describing manner precedes the main vert. Kuāi yidiSr kai! Drive a little faster! K\xki l&i! Come here quickly! In the sentence, mitnmar chi, the adjectival vert coming before the main verb, m&n， is reduplicated with the second syllable changing to a high tone. This also happens in a few other Instances• Kuilkuarde chī! Quickly eat! 成ohārde zud! Do it veil! PART III 30. Xianzai rang women dajiā Now letfs all toast her. jtng ta ylbei. 31. Zhěige Kao Yā ni ye changchang. You must also taste the Peking Duck 32. WS xiān nā yige b&obīng. Ba I first take a pancake. yā rdu fhngzai (He is ōepccrating one Zai ba dong aen .iiār^r fang- pancake.) Take the duck zai yā ^bu ōhangtou. RarJibu meat and put it in the juartQilai jiii kěyi oht middle. Then take the 8ōallion ccnd the paste and put it on top. After that, roll it up, and then you can eat it. 33. Xūn Smoked Chicken 3U. Zha Xiaqiū Deep Fried Shrimp Balls NOTES OH PART III jing: This is the verb fto offer (something) respectfully1. It is used here ceremonially in the phrase 1offer her a glass1 meaning 'to toast her1. JuSnqllai: This compound verb is made of Juǎn> ，to roll1, ql, fto rise, go or come up*, and lii fto comef * Both Peking Duck and Mibcu Rdu are eaten rolled up in pancakes • Xūn JI: For this dish, chicken is smoked in a vapor from burning tea leaves. This example of Peking cuisine is served as a cold dish or a hot dish. Zha Xiaqlll: Zha is the verb ,to deep fry1. This is a Shanghai dish of shredded shrimp shaped Into balls and then deep fried, Jiitog: 1Paste1. The paste which is eaten with Peking Duck is tiěnmiinjiang, f sweet "bean paste1 • Taipei: M: JIntian women ddjiā zai Today ve are all here at zheli chi fan shi huanylng this banquet to welcome Wei Xia6jie c6ng MSiguo d^o Miss Williams who has come TĀiběi lii gōngzud. Xīvang from America to work in ta zai women gongs i gong zuo Taipei. We hope that her shunli• …Xianzai rang work at our company goes vomen dlljiā jing ta yibēi! smoothly. ••• Now letfs all toast her! F: Xiěxie» xiěxie* Thank you! Thank you! (The hot dishes are being served.) M: Wei Xi&ojie, zhě shi Miss Williams, this is Kao Ya. Nl z盔i Meiguo Peking Duck. Have you ever chlguo měiyou? eaten this in America? F: Měiyou. WS ziLi MSiguo No. Ifve eaten Chinese food chīguo jici ZhSngguo fUn, several times in America, keshi měi chīguo KSo Ya. but I 丨ve never eaten Peking Roast Duck. M: HSo. WS gcU>su ni zSzune chi. Okay, 1*11 teU you hov>It is WS xian n£ ylge ^bioHng. BS eaten. I first take a yā rdu fEngzai zhSngJlān. baobfng and put the duck ZeLi bS cōng gen jiibg fingzai meat in the middle. Then ya r3u shdngtou. R&nhdu take a scallion and some JuSnqilai kěyi chi le. paste and put it on top of the duck meat. After that, roll it upt then you can eat it. F: HSo. VS zhīdao le. Good, now I*ve got it. (Miss Williams tries it.) F: Eng. Zhige KXo Ya zhēn Itan. This Peking Duck is hSochī. really tasty. M: Zhige Xūn JI gen Zhi Xiaqiū You should try the Smoked nī yS ch&ngchang. Chicken and the Deep Fried Shrimp Balls, too. F: HSo. HSo. WS sijl l&i. Good. 1*11 serve nyself• (After they finish eating.) M: W8i Xiiojie, nl chībSo le ma? Miss Williams, have you eaten your fill? F: ChrbSo le* Yes. M: JIntian vSnshangde ccLi Which of tonight1 s dishes nī zui xihuan nSge a? do you like the most? F: MSige c&i dou hSochī. All the dishes are tasty. KSshi v8 zui xīhuan But I like the Peking KSo YS. Roast Duck best. M: Ou, nā h&o. Xiet yicl vSmen Oh, that1 s good. We’ll kěyi zlli l£i zhěli chī have to come here again Kao Ya. to eat Peking Roast Duck sometime. F: Hen hao. Hen hao. Xiěxie, Good. Thank you. xiěxie NOTES AFTER DIALOGUE FOR PART III V5 zijl 1Ā1: This is a polite vay for a guest to respond vhen the host has been serving him specially. Xi£ yfci vSmen kěyi zki l£i zhěli chi Kao Ya,: The use of the phrase xiS ytci makes it sound as~if they are making definite plans about the next time they come to eat here, vhen in fact they are Just talking generally about some future time. In English, we use fsometime1 rather than 'next time1, as in •We'll have to get together again sometime.1 Vocabulary Bab&o Fhn Eight J0190I Rioe biaozhun level or standard ch£ng to tastey to savor dajia everybody -dlo (counter for a course of a meal) ding ylzhuS xi reserve & table for a*dinner party Ddnggua Zhdng Winter Melon Soup eewed in the Caro^d Melon Shsll duǒblLn most of, the greater part of ĚmH Cānttng The Omei Reetcammt (a rMtau- rant in Taipei) FingBiyu&n (The nom0 of a reetcairant in Peking) FUgul Ji Beggar 9e Chiokm Ganehāo Mtngxiā Dry^oodkad Jumbo Shrinp , Szeohaan Style gǎn yibēi to drink a glass (lit. to make & glass dry) gongzud ahilnli the work that goes veil hěshi to be suitable, to be fitting HŌngehāo lūoM Red-woked Shark98 Fin JiSn to select» pick out Ji&nkang to be haolthy filing pastē^ bēan paste Jin (continually) 9 only. Just jing to offer someone something JiQ. liquor, vine JuSnqilai to roll up KSo 23 Peking Duak (k^ren) guest(8) lSngpfin cold dish lingvii In addition to» additionally mlngxiā shrimp Mizh% HuBtut Bam in Honey Sauce pel to find something to match> to match things pěi cki to select dishes for a formal menu rkng to allow, to have someone do something shěngri birthday shēntī Jiankang good health shtbili to go veil, without difficulty sdngxfng to see a person off sulyi according to one's wishes TSngdl Yū Street and Sour Fish tifincai dessert Xiāngōū Yā Fragrant Crispy Duak Xingrěn Ddufu Almond Pudding ISm Ji Smoked Chicken yā duck yllū plngān have a nice trip; bon voyage (lit. a safe journey) y