下 册
ELEMENTARY CHINESE
Volume 2
Chinese
August 1977
DEFENSE LANGUAGE INSTITUTE FOREIGN LANGUAGE CENTER
TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
Appendix I |
Character |
Index by Radical and Stroke Count |
191 |
|
Appendix II |
Character |
Index by PINYIN Spelling |
208 |
|
Appendix III |
Part I |
Required Vocabulary |
218 |
|
Part II |
Supplementary Vocabulary |
282 |
Lesson 17
New Words with Old Characters
a. — í yíxià(r) Nu-M： once, awhile； in a moment, quickly,
• or briefly
一 J yíxiàzi
“ 妣竽一下就来
请把你的工作除验告诃我一R
他一下孑把所有的东西和轨工
b. 布上 shī V： use； make, cause
这个钢笔很好使。
那个新闻使我很高兴。
c•在讣 zài X xià Patt ： under X
zài X zhong Patt ： in X, during X
在茏疥的辅导下，我彳门的中文水平彳良快
也提高3 0
d. 力力 gandong V： move (one emotionally), be moved or
2 呼 touched
那个电形使我感动得哭起来， 我在中国留学的时候，你们热情颦助 使我很感动。
e-成就chKngjiu N： achievement
中国工业上最比有3很多新成就」
New Characters and Words
1.封 fēng
信封儿 xìnfèngr*
装yìfèng x"*
M： letter
N： envelope
a letter
2.立 11
立刻 like*
BF： stand, set up, erect, establish； immediately
A： immediately, at once
… 、工
3•琢
líàng
yuánliang
BF： pardon, excuse, forgive
V： forgive
4.
5.设
jian
［建a jiànlì
she
殳 jiànshè
BF： establish, set up, found, erect, build
V： establishj set up, foun
6.珍（琢）zhēn
7.视
BF： valuable or precious things； to value or consider precious
shì BF：
珍视 zhenshì V ：
regard, look at or upon
cherish, prize, treasure (lit. regard as precious)
各处 gèchù* 各种各样 gèzhong gèyàng* 务有所长g专you suǑ cháng*
各|j|g 咨 gu6
8. 各 gè BF： all, each, every, various
N： everywhere, all over
N： all kinds, various and sundry each has its good points
N： all countries, various countries
9.
du an
V： break, cut off, sever
不断 búdúàn
continuous, unbroken, incessant, uninterrupted； continuously, unceasingly
10.健 jiàn
BF： robust, vigorous
11.康 kang
健康 jiànkāng
BF： healthy； health, well-being
SV： healthy
N： health
12.祝
13.访 fang
BF： seek into, inquire； visit
访问 fangwèn
V： visit, pay a visit to, call on, interview
14.步 bù
dìyíbù
jin yibu
bù
n 、工 j
M： step, stride
the first step
go a step further
VO： make headway, progress, advance N： progress, improvement
SV： progressive
的春思 你a用的 在文应把
15.员
yuan
A员 社员
BF： member of a group, trade, organization, etc.
rinyuan N： personnel
shèyuán N: commune member
我们公社的社员都参力7劳动时的活动.
|
16.理 lī |
BF： veins in stone, grain of wood, regular pattern； put in order, regulate； principle, reason |
|
道理dàoli* 有道_手昱ydud汰＞iǐ* 匚篁5克里zh爸ngl Ī |
N： principle, reason, doctrine SV： logical, reasonable, plausible, convincing V： straighten up, put in order | |
|
17.修 xiu |
BF： prune (trees, shrubs, etc.), refine, cultivate； repair, reform, revise |
|
修'成 xMchgng 不多走gxiiīq工 不余手里xiiīli L f参理厂xiGlich菊g |
V： build V： build V： repair, fix N： repair shop, garage 二 |
Translations 0f the Usage Examples
a. She fll be here in just a minute.
Please tell me briefly about your work experience.
He quickly carried everything off. (or) In a moment he had taken everything away.
b・ This pen is very handy (lit. easy to use).
The news made me very happy.
c. Under the teacher1s coaching, our proficiency in Chinese has improved rapidly.
d. That movie made me cry. (or) That motion picture moved me to tears.
Your enthusiastic help during my stay in China as a foreign student was very touching.
e. There have recently been many new industrial achievements in China.
3. This mistake of his is unforgivable.
Please forgive me for taking so long to reply.
5. There have been great achievements in Chinese industrial construction.
7. I love those souvenirs of China you gave me.
8. We should make every effort to strengthen our friendship with other countries.
9. My Chinese proficiency has improved steadily over the past year or two,
11. ITm in fine health.
Over the past several decades the health standards of the Chinese people have improved considerably.
12. "Wishing (you) good health.n (personal letter closing)
nTo your healthjn (a toast)
HeT s been rather unhealthy ever since childhood.
13. On this trip to South America, he visited three countries.
Delegations from countries all over the world are now paying visits to China.
14. Under your enthusiastic coaching, I have advanced my Chinese proficiency one step further.
There have recently been major advances in the applied sciences.
Her thinking is quite progressive.
15. The members of our commune all took part in the Labor Day activities.
17. There aren1t any garages in this area that can repair buses.
语法 Yfifà Grammar
1) The suffix “过》after a verb indicates the indefinite past, often used to tell a past exoerience or to stress whether a thing did happen or not. The negative is ”涩(有)… 过”.E.g.
他去过中国，我没去过。
他没吃过中国饭。
他来过没有？
The suffix 口 过》is not the same as the suffix «了汽 Compare the two sentences in the following pairs:
他来了。
He's come.
他来过。
He's been here.
他没来。
He hasn't come.
他没来过。
He hasn't been here.
2) The verbal measure words «次“，"回" and “遍》plus a numeral often used after verbs as complements. E.g.
我听了三遍了。
他来过两回。
我要再去看一次。
A noun-object is placed after the verbal measure word, a pro-noun-object, before the measure word, and a complicated object is transposed to the beginning of the sentence:
这个星期下了两次雨。
他来过这儿两回O
今天学的汉字，我写了三遍。
“次》and “回“have practically the same meaning, while «遍” has the additional meaning of from beginning to end. Compare the isage of these words in the following sentences:
我每次复习都要念三遍或者四遍课文。
那个展览会我参观了两回了，可是还 没有看完一遍。
3) «这一回“，&这一次”，《上一次》and «下一回力etc. can be used as attributives or adverbial adjuncts. ”一“ can be omitted. E.g.
你上次的信，我收到了。
这个问题下回再谈。
4)。下儿》is also a verbal measure word, e.g.，敲了两下儿 门》and «钟敲了一下儿汽
But “一下 儿"，used after a verb, sometimes has the same function as the reduplication of a verb. E.g.
老师问了一下儿我们的学习情况。
请你帮助我一下儿。
这课课文的生词比较多，我要多复习 一下儿。
Lesson 17A (EC 47)
一、范句 Fànjù Models
（一）
L他以前去过中国。
2・我参观过那个机器制造厂。
3.他翻译过一本书°
（二）
4•这是刚买的一本字典， 我还没（有）用过。
5.他只学过英文，没（有）学过 中文。
色以前他没去过中国。
（三）
7•他来找过你两回，你都不 在家。
8 .我到中国大使馆参加过一次 电影招待会。
9 .我在工业展览会上见过他
一次o
1。•昨天我先复习了 两遍课文， 又写了 三遍生词。
1L你上次写的信，我已经 收到 了。
㈣
12 .他给我们介绍了 一下儿这本 书的内容。
13 .请你告诉他一下儿，明天 上午我们去参观。
14 .这个问题我们要好好儿讨论 一下儿。
15 .请你分析一下儿这个句子。
二、课文 Kèwén Text
给中国朋友的一封信
建中同志：
你好！
你的信我收到 了。因为最近 学习比较忙，所以没有立刻回 信，请你原谅。
看了 你的信，我知道 中国 建设上又有了 很多新成就，也 知道你现在身体、学习、工作都很 好，我非常高兴。
你信里说，中国人民非常珍视 我们两国人民的 友谊，还要 好好儿地向各国人民学习，这使 我很感动。我相信，我们两国人民 的友谊一定会不断发展。
我是今年三月开始学中文 的。因为 我 以前 没 学过，所以 有 一些 困难。但是，为了 加强 我们 两国 人民的友谊，我有决心克服 困难，学好中文。
教我们中文的是一个中国 老师，他是去年九月来我们学校 的。在老师的帮助下，我已经 会说一些中文，也会写一些 汉字 了。我们跟老师一起看过 两次中文电影。每次老师都先 给我们介绍一下儿电影的内容， 这样我们就容易看懂 了。为了 学好中文，我还常常听中文 广播，这对我提高中文水平 帮助很大。
别的中国朋友都好吗？我还 没有给他们写过信。我的情况 请 你 告诉 他们一下儿，并且 问 他们好。
希望你以后常常来信。
祝
健康！
你的朋友
阿里
七月二十五日
Lesson 17B （EC 48）
一、句子 Jùzi Sentences
（一）
|
他 |
请_____ 帮助 使「 叫 要 让 |
我 |
听音乐。 |
|
学中文。 | |||
|
很感动。 | |||
|
谈谈工作经验。 | |||
|
讲故事。 | |||
|
明天去找他。 |
（二）
|
我. |
听见 |
夏礼 |
在打电话。 | |
|
你 |
知道不 知道 |
他 |
什么时候回学 校去？ | |
|
,我 |
觉得 |
他的发音 |
非常正确。 | |
|
老师 |
告诉 |
我 |
我们 |
明天去参观工 厂。 |
（三）
|
你 |
以前 |
不是 |
这个学校的学生 |
吗？ |
|
去过中国 | ||||
|
喜欢听音乐 |
（四）
|
他 |
正在 （正）（在） |
干什么 |
呢？ |
|
听广播 |
呢。 | ||
|
写信 | |||
|
没有 |
听广播。 | ||
|
写信。 |
（五）
|
object is a noun indicating locality |
1 |
张同志要 |
回 |
宿舍 |
去。 | |
|
2 |
张同志 |
回 |
宿舍 |
来 |
了。 | |
|
object is a thing whose position is changed |
1 |
张同志要 |
带 |
画报 |
去。 | |
|
2 |
张同志 |
带 带来 |
画报 画报 |
来 |
了。 了。 |
Note: 1. The action is not completed.
2. The action is completed.
（六）
L你去过北京站没有？
去过。
去过几次？
去过三次。
2.他给你打过三回电话，你都不在家。
3.这本书我看过两遍了，还想看。
4.我在画报上看见过天安门。
5我们吃过饭就去邮局。
6-今年夏天没下过很大的雨。
（七）
Z夏礼是骑自行车去的邮局。
8.我是给你打的电话，不是给他打的。
8他在什么地方写的这封信？
北京。
什么时候写的？
十月二十五日o
1。.他用中文写的这封信。
1L他走了吧？怎么走的？
走了，坐汽车走的。
二、课文 Kèwén Text
访问中国回来
我们代表团是昨天从北京坐飞机回来的。 从六月十二日到六月二十九日我们在中国访 问，到过中国不少地方，参观了工厂、人民公 社和学校。
我们参观了两个人民公社。有一个公社， 我五年前参观过一次。这次我看到他们的生 产又有了新的发展，社员生活也有了提高。
六月二十日，我们到上海参观访问。在那 里我们参观了一个汽车制造厂。工厂的同志 给我们介绍了工厂的发展和现在的生产情 况。他说，六年以前，这个工厂还只能修理汽 车。后来，工人克服了很多困难，现在已经能 制造汽车了。一个工人同志说：“我们虽然有 了 一些进步，但是生产水平还不高。我们必须 向各国人民学习。”
有一天，我们在街上遇见三个孩子。他们 看见我们，就大声说：“欢迎！欢迎! ”我跟他们 谈话，知道他们都很小，一个四岁，两个五岁。 我们请他们唱歌，他们立刻唱了 一个。这样的 情况，我们遇见过很多次。
我们代表团在这次访问中，了解了不少中 国的情况，又带来了中国人民对我国人民的 友谊。
New.Words with Old Characters
-人民日报 rénmín , rìbào
People 1s Daily
New Characters and Words
1. 份(分)fèn(r) N： part, share
M: issue j copy
2. 订 ding V： order, subscribe to, reserve
3.局 jií
电寺艮局出才nb卷oj£*
电诒局di3nhuàjij* 节局shūjú
BF: government office, bureau, agency, etc.； store, shop
N: telegraph office
N： telephone office
N： bookstore
4.邮画）yóu
BF: postal, mail
邮局
5.票 piào
yóupiào*
6・货 huo
N： ticket, note, bill, check, ballot , stamp
N： postage stamp (M：
N： goods, merchandise
7.售
shòu
售货员
BF: sell
shouhuòyuán N: salesclerk
8.呼 hu
招呼 zhāohu
打招呼曲zhāohu
BF： exhale, cry out, call
V： call or wave to, accost, greet, salute, hail, say hello, beckoni welcome； take care of, look after
N： greeting, salutation
VO： greet, say hello, welcome； take care of, attend to
（Note： wrìile the transitive verb 才3。去 can be followed by a direct object一 清人招畔你， the verb-object compound 打招Acan only take an object which precedes it in a prepositional phrase- 跟她打招呼 or 向朋友打招殍.）
化看见我，可是没招呼。
北太茏了,得布入招呼。
我一进商花,就殉一个售货员跟我打 招呼。
9.适（逾）shì
合适hgshi*
10.世（在）shì
BF： just right, proper, fitting, appropriate
SV： just right, suitable, proper, fitting, appropriate
BF: era, generation； the world
界界界界上 边国咿世" 界L _
1 1
biānjiè guójiè
* è i j XI
uán
*1 j 角
♦
3
BF： border, boundary； sphere, scope
N： border
N： national boundary
N： "scientific circles ,TT the scientific realm _
N： the world
in the world
M： dollar (like but not followed by .钺)
M： dime (like ^^but not followed by^^)
三九六角二分。
|
15.印 |
yin |
N： stamp, seal, chop； imprint, trace V： imprint, leave traces, print, make prints or copies |
|
评度yindìì * |
N： India (transliteration of the word THindu1) | |
|
16.支 |
zhī |
BF： prop up, support； branch, subdivision M： military force or unit； branch- or stick-shaped object |
|
—支yìzhī bí * |
a pen | |
|
之前卜zhinà. |
N： China (both the English and the Chinese term derive from the Sanskrit word T fcìna , ' meaning uncertain) | |
|
评旗^支引产nd6 zhínà |
N： Indochina (peninsula in SE Asia comprising Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Malaya, and Burma) | |
14.度
du
度度度 陶长3 零
lingxia wendù chángdù jiushidù *
BF: pass，cross, transcend； standard, rule, scale； unit of measure, degree
N： sub-zero temperatures
N： length
90°
你可以在世界地图上找到印度支那 就在印度的东边，中国的南边.’
Translations of the Usage Examples
a. You can buy the People T s Daily anywhere.in China.
1. This is your share (issue, etc.).
2. Is it necessary to reserve seats for Red Detachment of Women?
4. I subscribed to the PeopleTs Daily at the post office.
7. When I went to pay, the salesclerk didn't have any change.
8. He saw me, but didnT t say hi.
She1s too old now； she needs someone to look after her.
A salesman accosted me the minute I set foot in the store. (or) I was
greeted by a salesman the moment I entered the store.
13. ¥ 3.62
16. There are now six countries in Indochina.
You can find Indochina on a world map； it1s to the east of India and to the south of China.
语法 Yìífà Grammar
1) Two consecutive numerals under ten used together indicate an approximate number. Eg “三四个本子“, ”六七十块钱》and “一二百人乙
2) An approximate number representing any numeral from 1 to 9 can be indicated by "几》.E.g. “几块钱《三百六十几天》, «二百几十个生词力“几百个学生》，“几千本书之
3)《多》indicates the odd number or the fraction after a whole number. It is used:
(1) After "十万「百"“千》etc. Eg «二十多个生词》，口一百 多个汉字工《两千多张纸”「三百六十多天力
(2) Between the measure word and the noun or after the noun which is a measure word at the same time, when indicating a fraction after a unit. E.g. “一个多月”，“五毛多钱”，“十二点多 钟力and。一年多乙
Lesson 18A (EC 49)
_、词组 Cízù Word Groups
㈠
1•去中国以前
2 .去中国以后
3 .十二点以前
4十二点以后
5 .上课双前
6 .下课以后
（二）
（三）
15.三四本杂志
|
16. |
七八块 |
钱 |
|
17. |
十五六张 |
桌子 |
|
18. |
二三十个 |
学生 |
|
19. |
一二百人 | |
|
20. |
二十多本 |
书 |
|
21. |
一百多个 |
工人 |
|
22. |
两块多 |
钱 |
7-两块（钱）（两元）2.00元
8-五毛（钱）（五角）0.50元
9•八分（钱）0.08元
101 一毛 二 （一角 二分）0.12 元 一块四毛五（分钱）（一元四角 五分）1.45元
12-二十五块 二（毛钱） （二十五元 二角）25.20 元
131 一块零五分（一元零五分）
23.几本字典
24十几块钱
25,二十几间教堂
26.几十个学生
1.05 元
14-三十块零三毛九（三十元零 三角九分）30.39元
二、课文 Kèwén Text
在书店和邮局
今天下课以后，我和 谢利 一起去书店 了 O
进了 门，售货员同志热情地 跟我们打招呼。我们看到书架上 的书非常多，字典也有很多 种，就问：“同志，中文字典多少 钱一本?”
“有的三四块，有的一块多 钱， 您要哪一种?”
我 说：“哪种 合适 呢？我们两个 人刚 开始 学中文，请您给 我们介绍一本吧!”
“我 想,你们用《新华 字典》 可能比较合适」
谢利对我说：“我 也 听说 《新华 字典》不错，我们 就 每人 买 一本吧。”
售货员同志又问：“您还要 别的书吗？”
我说:“我还要买一张世界 地图和一张印度支那地图」
“请到这边来看。这里有大 的，,也有小的O”
“我都要大的。请您算算 多少钱。”
“两本字典是 两块，世界 地图 一块零四，印度支那地图 四毛 八，一共 三块 五毛二。您到 那边 交钱吧。”
从书店出来，我们又到邮局 去 了。
谢利在邮局订了 一份《人民 日报》，还想买 几张邮票。他 给了 一块钱，要买四张两毛 二的，邮局同志拿出 邮票和 零钱，对他说：“找您”一毛二。 这是邮票」
谢利说:“不用找钱 了，再 给我三张四分的吧！”
回到学校以后，我们就去找
中国朋友，请他教我们查字典。 有了 中文字典和地图，以后学 中文和看报就方便得多了。
Lesson 19
New Words with Old Characters
a. 羊 ixl? guānxín
V： be concerned about, for, or with (something or someone)
b-感谢 ganxiè V： thank, be thankful, be grateful
New Characters and Words
1.窗(怒、匐 chuāng
|
2.户 |
hù 窗户 |
chuānghu* |
|
3.病 |
bìng | |
|
有病 |
youbìng* | |
|
看病 |
kànbìng* | |
|
病人 |
bìngrén | |
|
病房 |
bìngfáng | |
|
4.敲 |
qiāo | |
|
敲门 qiSomdn 布人敲门. | ||
BF: window
BF： door； household
N： window
N： illness, sickness
V： become ill, get sick； be sick
VO： be sick
VO： see a doctor, examine a patient
N： patient, sick person
N： ward, hospital room
V： strike, hit
VO： knock (on. the door)
5.医（翳、箓）y=
医生yWsh芭ng gjj^yīshī
BF： doctor； medical science, (the field of) medicine
N： doctor
N： doctor
6.阮 yuan
院于 yuànzi*
qiányuan*
院院院院 前后医隹
N： courtyard, yard； term used for certain organizations and public places
N： courtyard, yard
N： front yard
hòuyuàn* N： back yard
yiyuàn* N： hospital
zhuyuàn*
VO： stay in the hospital
住院的病人zh*晨续）
出院 chūyuàn
xuéyuàn diànyingyuàn
N： inpatient
VO： leave the hospital, be discharged
N： institute, college
N： movie theater
7.躺 tang
躺着 tángzhe* 躺在床上巴器［hang*
V： lie on one fs back, lie down, recline
V： lying down, flat on one1s back
lie in bed
8.净（净、制j=ng
BF： clean, pure
(Note：
千 /^gānjing*
in this usage,千 is
SV： clean
pronounced with a level
tone and means Tdry.T)
9.空 kōng
SV： empty, vacant, meaningless
BF： vacuity, space, air, sky
kòng
空天座空屋空
rLS S
kongjūn tiānkong kong zuòr* kong fáng* kong wūzi* kongqì*
N： empty space, blank； free time
N： Air Force, airman I
N： sky I
N： vacant seat
N： vacant house
N： vacant room
N： atmosphere, air (either lit. or f ig.)
10. 夫 fū BF： old term for adult male； husband
大^ 夫^ dàifu* N: doctor
(Note: in this usage, 大is pronounced dài.)
|
11.药(翱 yào |
N： medicine, herb, chemical compound, drug |
|
药房 yàofáng* D乞 chī yào* 药方 yàofāng(r)* 一「开药方 kāi yàofāns* |
N： pharmacy, medicine shop VO： take medicine (internally) N： prescription VO: write out a prescription |
|
12.针羸）zhēn |
N： needle, pin； injection, shot M: injection, shot |
|
才í多十d才zhHn* |
VO: get or give an injection |
|
13.永 yong |
BF： long, eternal, lasting； forever, eternally |
|
永远 yongyuǎn 东运不 yǑng(yuǎn) bu- |
MA： forever, eternally, always will never... |
我永远不会忘了你的热•情帮帆
14.持
chi
BF：
文彳寺zhichí
grasp, hold fast, control, keep, maintain
support
我们两回人民决心水也互相支持。
V/N：
他的（计划）得到了很多女特。
jìhua
Translations of the Usage Examples
a. WeT re all very concerned about that matter.
b. ITm extremely grateful for your help：
4. SomeoneT s (knocking) at the door.
6. Four patients were released yesterday.
9. This ward is empty； the patients have all been discharged.
If you have a minute, sit down and weT11 shoot the breeze. (or) If youT re free, have a seat and weT11 have a chat.
13.
14.
IT11 never forget your enthusiastic assistance.
The people of our two nations are resolved to support one another always.
His
plan received
送医送药。
语法 Yìífà Grammar
1) The suffix “着"indicates the continuous aspect. Even when the action is over but the result of the action remains, we still use “着》, Eg 1
他手里拿着几本书。
他在椅子上坐着。
两个窗户都开着。
桌子上放着字典。
A progressive action is very often continuous as *3、uuu so such a verb can take a «着》too:
他正在床上躺着呢！
我们正说着话，听见外边有人叫我。
A verb with “着》sometimes is used as an adverbial adjunct, telling the manner of an action. E. g.
他骑着自行车出去了c
Note: Nothing can be inserted between a verb and “着and a verb with ”着"cannot take a complement.
2) There is a kind of sentence which tells the existence, emergence or disappearance of a person or thing at a certain place or time. The person or thing that exists, emerges or disappears is usually indefinite. The word-order is as follows:
word or phrase of time or place----verb---- word or phrase
indicating the person or thing
The verb of such a sentence usually can't stand by itself but takes some other element. E.g.
昨天晚上来了一个朋友。
学校里出来很多学生。
书架上放着很多新书。
3) ** 接着》means to continue or to follow immediately after. E.g.
这课课文的内容是接着上一课的。
Sometimes «接着》is used as an adverbial adjunct. E. g.
今天就讲到这儿，明天再接着讲。
我们复习了课文，接着又练习了汉字。 昨天晚上先刮风，接着就下雨了 o
4)“一点儿"is an indeterminate measure word of a small quantity and is about the same as «一些乙 Unless it is at the beginning of a sentence, “一" of "一点儿》can be omitted. E. g. “买点儿东西》「要点儿纸汽 ,
«一点儿》after an adjective implies comparison showing a small difference in quantity or degree. E. g.
世界地图有大点儿的吗？
Is there any world map bigger (than this)?
希望你能快点儿好，早点儿出院。
Hope you can get cured soon and so be out of hospiltal soon.
病房
一、范句 Fànjù Models
（一）
1•他在我前边坐着。
2.他拿着一本画报。
3.那本字典上写着他的名字。
4.他正在讲故事，大家都注意 地听着。
（二）
5.窗户开着，门没开着。
6•他手里没拿着东西。
7.这个本子没写着名字，是 灌雨？
（三）
8•他笑着跟我们打招呼。
9.他们是走着去的，没坐 汽车。
1。•老师让我们看着 画儿讲 故事。
（四）
11.书架上放着 四五十本 书。
12.礼堂里坐着五百多人。
13.我们学校新来了 两个教 中文的老师。
14.我们班走了 三个同学，他们 至可中国去学习了。
制药厂
（五）
6这封信我还没有写完，想 下午接着写。
16 .昨天我们参观以后，接着又 看了 一个电影。
17 .他讲完 了，接着大家讨论了 一会儿。
（六）
18 .请你明天早一点儿来。
19 .我要买一个厚一点儿的 本子。
20,这课生词虽然多一点儿，但是 不难。
2L念课文可以慢点儿，但是 要清楚点儿。
二、课文 Kèwén Text 看病人
我有一个中国朋友病了， 住在医院里。昨天下午我去看 他。
我到了医院，找到了他的病房， 就敲门进去 了。 我朋友正 躺着看书呢。他看到我很 高兴，想要起来。我说：“你有 病，不要起来 了。” 他躺着跟 我握了握手，请我坐下。
屋子里彳艮干净。床旁边放着 一张桌子和两把椅子，桌子上 放着几本画报 和一架 收音机。 两个窗户都开着，屋子里空气很 好。
我先问了问我朋友的身体 情况。他说，现在每天吃药、打 针，休息得也很好。我又问 他在医院里生活习惯不习惯， 他 笑着 说，医院对他很 关心， 还给他做中国饭菜。大夫每天 都来给他看病。别的病人也 很热情，常常来跟他谈话。 每天都有一些朋友到医院来 看他。他还说，非常感谢医院 和朋友们对他的关心。接着， 我们又谈到了 我们两国人民的 友谊。他说：“希望我们两国人民 永远互相学习，互相支持，互相 帮助」
谈到四点多钟，我对我朋友 说：“我走 了。 希望你好好儿 休息，早点儿出院。“他握着我 的手说：“谢谢你的关心，我 很快就可以出院 了，朋友们
在船上看病。
Lesson 20
New Words with Old Characters
a.
SV： tight, taut, tense, close, restricted, strict
V： tighten
A： tightly, closely
n关得紧紧的.
她紧握第我的争说不出话耒.
b・ 让卜 为 yīwéi V： assume, suppose, think, be under the
impression
w以夕他是中国人可是我无来发现他 层日本人.
New Characters and Words
1.
咱（嗜、僧）N： I, we
。自in zánmen N： we, us （always includes listeners）
你们是广东人,我们是河北人咱彳门都 是中国人.
2.连
lián
V- connected, continuous M： company of soldiers CV： (with 者'or ) even
A： in successionj in a row
一 yìlián
匚正…带 lián.・.dài...
include. , ♦ and.. . , with both.. . and.
这奈路跟那条路连着
-她一连三天没吃饭.
我正者也没看就走“
她连说帝笑池牝那件事情告诉我5,
3.系（优繁）xì
关系
guānxi*
guānxi*
N/M： department (in a college);
link, connection, line, lineage
N： relation, relationsi relationship, correlation, connection, bearing
VO： be unrelated to, have no bearing on, not associated with, have no correlation
IE： it doesn1t matter, never mindy thatT s all right
4 .宁（氧甯）níng
列宁
lièfníng
BF： tranquil, peaceful
Russian 1870-1924)
5.补篇）bÚ
V： patch, mend, repair； fill (a hole or vacancy)； make up (for a deficiency or shortage)
汆L的徐月良己经补3好几次J。
冻辣）d"ng
［:乐 >^<dòngbīng 冻步不dbnghuàd
大路冰坏3,况在有一连军人在修理。
V：
VO:
V：
freeze, frozen
f reeze, form ice, ice up
become damaged or sick from the cold
7. 劝（Sj） quàn V： pursuade, urge, advise
8.胜（膀）shèng
BF: overcome, exceed, surpass； win, be victorious
月生汆］sh咨ngli
V： win, be victorious N: victory
咐他胜利“
他们胜利的回回3
9.换
换衣llhuàn 换乐西八曲ì 换钱hUàn L换新的 ［换，句诒说hUàn
huàn
yifu*
dongxi*
qián*
xinde*
yíjù huà
shuo
V： change, exchange, replace
VO： change clothes
VO： exchange something
VO：
VO：
exchange money
replace (with a new one)
in other words, to put it another way
10.革
ge
BF:
molt, shed hair； hairless hide, leather； get rid of, throw off, expel； reform, renovate
11.命
ming
命命命命靠 革革革草革 干业大大
工国化 法文
gémìng
BF： life, destiny, fate； order, mandate
VO： revolt (lit. cast off the mandate) N: revolution
VO:
make revolution
the industrial revolution
the French Revolution
the Cultural Revolution
12.
物 wù
动物 d^ngwu*
利物国 dongwùyuán*
BF： thing, object, article
N： animal
N： zoo
13.
博 、b6 ^J^^bówuguan
BF: wide, expansive, broad, vast t
N： museum
Museum of the Chinese Revolution
14.
马(焉)ma
上 m^shang 马克法ralkèsī
N： horse (M：匹 pī)
A: immediately
N： Marx (Karl Marx, German economist, philosopher, and socialist, 1818-83)
15. 面 miàn
|
N： |
face, surface, side； flour, powder, |
|
dust, dough, noodles | |
|
N： |
aspect, side, sector, quarter |
|
N： |
inside |
|
N： |
outside |
|
N: |
top, above |
|
N： |
bottom, below |
|
N： |
(in or to) the east |
(面、氟麴)
面面面面面面 万里外上下东
fāngmiàn līmian wàimian shàngmian xiàmian dongmian
你I不善欢吃千面？
应该从各方面分析这个问题。 两方面刚开始讨论工作条件。 现在报告建设方面的新闻。
他在博物转里面等我仅0
Translations of the Usage Examples
a. The door is tightly shut.
She grasped my hand tightly, unable to speak.
b. I thought he was Chinese, but I later discovered he was Japanese.
1. You are Cantonese, we are from Hebei, (but) we are all Chinese.
2. This road connects with that one.
She Ts gone without food for three days in a row.
I left without so much as taking a look.
He recounted the whole affair to me, interspersing his remarks with laughter.
4. All Chinese have heard the story of LeninTs overcoat.
5. His clothes have already been patched many times.
6. The highway was damaged by icy conditions, and a company of soldiers is now repairing it.
7. I advised him not to, but he insisted on buying it.
8. WeTve wonJ (or) Victory is ours!
They returned home victoriously.
11. Revolution is the locomotive of history. (一一Mao Zedong)
A revolution isnTt a. dinner party. (一Mao Zedong)
13. He says this park has a museum and a zoo.
14. Comrade Na urged me to go buy a copy of People * s Daily right away and read the news.
15. Do you 1 ike dry noodles?
This problem should be analyzed from all sides.
The two sides have just begun discussing working conditions.
Now, news on the construction front.
HeT s waiting for us inside the museum.
语法 Vúfà Grammar
1) When “好》comes before “几”J些”「多少 etc., it means aconsiderable in quantity or number》.E. g.《好几年》means more than two or three years, “好些人》means a large number of people.
2) The construction "连…也(都)…"is to give one or more special cases to -show that no explanr fion need be made for other cases. The case or cases in point may be the subject, object, verb or the adverbial adjunct and must be placed between «连” and “也汽"连”can be omitted. E. g.
今天热极了，连点儿风也没有。
这课课文他(连)背都会背了，一定念 得很流利。
3) 连J' is an adverb meaning continuously or successively
and it's always accompanied by a numeral. E. g.
一连下了三天小雨，庄稼长得更好了。
这个电影，我一连看了两次，还想再 看。
上个星期日，一连来了好几个朋友。
4) In a dialogue, «咱们“ and “我们"both can include the speaker as well as the listener. If we exclude the listener, then we use “我们" and not “咱们乙 E.g.
阿里对史文说一起去看电影
吧。”
阿里对一个朋友说：“你还没来过我们 学校呢」
5) “汉关系" is a set phrase, meaning not important, no matter. E. g.
这本书他不看，今天不还他没关系。
“有什么关系呢"in the text is a rhetorical question meaning .汉有关系汽
6) “又"can be used as an intensive word in certain rhetorical questions with "什么"「怎么》「多少》etc. In the text, in «又 有什么关系""又"stresses that it doesn't matter at all. Further examples:
一个人滑冰又有什么意思呢！
这么远，五点以前又怎么能回来！
课文不长，又能有多少生词，查一下字 典就可以看懂了。
I) “还涩有(不)…呢"tells that a certain state of affairs has not yet appeared. E. g.
课文我只念了三遍，还不熟呢。
今天的报我还没看呢。
This construction can also be combined with «连…》.E. g.
我连报还没看呢。
北京大学图书馆系的大字报
Lesson 20A (EC 51)
_、范句 Fànjù Models
(一)
L夏礼要跟科学代表团 去 中国 了，好些朋友到车站 去,送他。
2.我朋友从中国带来好多 中文书。
3.我们好长时间没见 了， 你最近怎么样？
4好几天 没 锻炼 身体 了 , 今天咱们一起去锻炼吧。
（二）
5・史文学习中文很努力，现在
连中文报都能看了。
6 .那个中文故事很简单，连 我都听懂 了。
7 .他这次在 中国 时间 比较 短，连上海也没去。
8 .你让他翻译那个故事，他 连字典也没查就翻译好 了。
9 .昨天的 电影他连看也 没看，怎么知道好不好 呢？
（三）
10 .现在刚七点钟，邮局还没
开 门呢！
11•他们 出去 了， 还没 回来 呢。
⑵现在天气还不太冷呢, 可以不穿大衣。
13 .我刚到这里，生活还不 很习惯呢。
14 .他们 刚 开始 学 中文，连 简单的话还不会说呢。
（四）
15 .你要的是厚本子,他 给 你 买了 两本 薄 的， 有没有关系？
没关系，薄的也可以。
16 .这次不 去 参观 没 关系，
以后还会有机会。
二* 课文 Kèwén Text 列宁的大衣
冬天，刮着 北风，下着 大雪，列宁 还穿着一件旧 大衣。这件 大衣 穿了好些年 了， 好几个地方 已经补过了。同志们怕列宁冻坏， 都 劝他换一件 新 的。
列宁笑着说：“大家不是一样 冷吗？ 有的人连旧大衣还没 有呢!”
后来，革命胜利 了。 有的同志 开玩笑说：“列宁同志的大衣 可以 进 革命 博物砥 了。” 可是 列宁
还是穿着那件旧大衣。
一天，有个同志 的旧大衣，又对
看看列宁身上 列宁说：“列宁
同志，请您马上换件新大衣 吧，不然，您会冻坏必」
列宁紧握着那个同志的手 说：“你是不是以为革命胜利 了，咱们就应该穿得好一点儿？ 不错，革命是胜利 了，可是咱们 还要建设。钱要用在建设 方面。衣服穿得旧一点儿，又 有什么关系呢!”
Lesson 21
New Words with Old Characters
a. 彳乍 zuopīn N： work (artistic, literary, etc.)
0 ?
0 口 f
b.现/弋 xiàndài
BF： modern, contemporary
c. j千多 xúduo
Nu: many, much
d.叫做 jiàozuo
V： be called or known as
New Words and Characters
1. 另 ling A： besides, additionally
Sp： other
i 夕卜 lìngwài* A： besides, additionally
R 7 I Sp： other
不是她告诉我的,是另外一个朋友说的.
2,响俚) xīang
交响乐
jiāoxiangyuè
V： make a sound or noise
N： sound
SV： loud
N- symphony (lit. music with intermixed sounds)
3,沙
shā
BF： sand； a surname
4.浜
5.琴
6.曲
7.奏
■■沙于
长^ 5f少 chMngshí[
bang
沙家浜shājiābāng
交响乐 jiāoxiángyuè 沙家泱 shājiabāng
qín
L提琴tíq;n
今田琴gNngqin
N： sand
N： Changsha (lit. long sands一一 capital of Hunan province)
BF： stream, creek, ditch
N： Shachiapang (lit. Sands Family Creek-village in Kiangsu where Communists resisted Japanese)
the Shachiapang Symphony
BF： classical Chinese lute with 5 or 7 strings； stringed instruments such as the piano, violin, harp, etc.
N： violin
N: piano
方一科钢琴叫作baby grand ,意层就定一 种比较小的钢琴。
qǔ
N： song, melody, tune, piece
N： song |
［歌曲
这支歌是他作的曲.
那些社员吃完了饭就唱起隼命歌 曲来7 e
zòu
V： play (music)
你给我们奏些民歌及子吗?
8.协（曲） xié
恸、奏曲Xi2己uqB 协奏曲g喉器看
BF: act in harmony, work in concert
N： concerto
the Yellow River Piano Concerto
9.部
bù
M： part, section, musical or literary work； machine, car, radio, camera, etc.
10.仓！］ CIU、
北部 beibù*
第一帮 dìyībù
钢琴协奏曲黄河的第一部叫做黄河船 夫曲。
这是他最有先的一部作。
昨天我买了一张唱4,是一等交响乐 叫做沙家洪。
. chuàng
N： north, northern part or region
part one, first part
VP-
翔、»）
BF： begin, start doing something, originate, initiate, create
创作c huàngzuo
V： write an original work, compose N： work, composition
钢琴协奏曲黄河本耒叫做黄河大合唱 是星海闾态创作的。
li.描
miáo
BF： sketch, trace
搞舄 miáoxie
V： describe, depict (in music, literature, paintings, etc.)
他很会描国劳初人民。
这张画是指舄人民公社生活的作菽
12.战（戟） zhàn BF： war； fight, battle
世界大战s闻 iè dàzhàn* 作战 zuòzhàn
｝戈月生 zhanshèng
N： world war
VO： wage war, engage in combat, fight
V： defeat, win a victory over
现在世界各国的人们都在谈论着会 不衾打第三次也界大战。
人民战争
13. 争（的 zhēng V： argue, contend, struggle, dispute,
fight
zhànzhēng N： war
rénmín zhànzhēng N： peoplef s war
从战争中学习战事 用战争反对战龛
14.抗 kang BF：
resist, oppose
oppose, resist, defy
the Sino-Japanese War, also known as the War of Resistance against Japan （1937-1945）
15 .剧（副）
jù BF： intense； drama, play, opera
京哈jīngjù N： Peking opera
16 .如 rú
不如 burn* 一夕口痼rúqī
_如¥ rúxià
17 .果（菜） guo
BF： according to； like, such as； come up to, be comparable to； if
V： not as good as, not up to
A： according to the date agreed upon, by the fixed date
as follows
BF： fruit, fruition, outcome, actualization
N：
N：
MA：
MA:
fruit
outcome, results, consequences as a result, finally, consequently
if
Translations of the Usage Examples
a. Whose work was that record we listened to last night?
b. ITm now studying modern Chinese history.
c. There are a lot of Chinese records in that bookstore.
d. His best known work is called "Autumn Rain.n
1. I asked him to buy another work by Wen Yiduo for me.
That1s a horse of a different color2
It wasn't her that told me, it was another friend.
2. The telephoneT s ringing.
He opened the door without a sound (silently).
Let's go to the auditorium tonight and hear the symphony.
5. Theref s a kind of piano known as the "baby grand,Tt which simply means a comparatively small type of piano.
6. He wrote the melody for this song. (I.e., not the lyrics.)
After finishing their meal, the commune members struck up a revolutionary song.
7. How about playing some folk songs for us?
9. The first movement of the Yellow River Piano Concerto is called "The Song of the Yellow River Boatmen.n
This is his most famous work.
Yesterday I bought a record of a symphony called TīShachiapang.T!
10. The Yellow River Piano Concerto was originally known as the "Yellow River Cantata," which was composed by Comrade Xing Hai»
11.
His description (depiction) of working people is very true-to-life. (or) He paints a very true picture of the working people. (or) He is very good at depicting the working people.
This painting is a work depicting life in the people fs communes.
12.
People all over the world are now world war will break out. (一Mao
discussing whether or not a third Zedong)
13. We are against (opposed to) war. (-Mao Zedong)
Learn war through war. (-Mao Zedong)
Fight war with war. (一Mao Zedong)
14. The Sino-Japanese War began on July 7th, 1937, in Manchuria-
World War II was a war of resistance against aggression.
15. The work fīShachiapangH is a modern revolutionary Peking opera.
17. "Know yourself, know the others, 100 battles, 100 victories." (If you know your own situation as well as that of the other side, then you are sure to win every battle.) (-Sun-tzu) 语法 Yìífà Grammar
1) In modern Chinese, the subject is sometimes the actor, e. g.“我买书》，“他看报》，but sometimes it is the receiver of an action. In certain sentences with such subjects, the predicates show no difference from those of the sentences with subjects as the actors, but the passive sense is very obvious. E.g.
你要的字典买来了。
练习作完了，你再念念课文吧。 画报放在桌子上了。
2) If we use the construction «还是…还是…”with two possible answers, given side by side, we form another alternative question. “还是”,in such a case, must be placed immediately before the two alternatives. The first “还是》or «还》is often omitted. E.g.
是咱们去，还是他们来？ 咱们今天去，还是明天去？
3) «先》and «再》are used in one sentence to show the order of two actions. E.g.
你应该先念熟了生词再念课文。
When we want to say that something is not to happen before a certain time or before the happening of another thing, only«再》 is used. E.g.
他说他吃完饭再去。
叫他七点钟再走。
Opera Troupe from Shachia-Peking opera.
Lesson 21A （EC 52）
-> 范句 Fànjù Models
（一）
1•课文讲完 了，语法还没讲 呢。
2地图已经买 了，钱也找 了，我们回去吧。
3.报每天几点钟送来？
4刚买的新书都放在书架上 了。
（二）
5.（还是）你来,
还是他来?
&你（还是）
来，还是不来?
7•我们（还是）先去书店，还是
先去邮局?
8.你用的（还）是钢笔，还是
铅笔?
（三）
8我每天都先念课文再作
练习。
9我们先去邮局再去买
东西吧。
现在他还没回家，你七点钟
再去找他吧。
12.太晚了，明天再去吧。
二、课文 Kèwén Text
听中国音乐
夏礼上个月从中国回来 了， 他是跟一个代表团到中国去 访问的。
昨天，夏礼打电话来，请我 去他那儿听中国音乐。我高兴 极了。
晚上七点多我就到了夏礼家， 他正和另外两位朋友谈话， 他 给 我们 互相 介绍了 一下儿。我 看到桌子上放着许多唱片，就问 夏礼：“这都是你在中国买的 吗?”
他说：“不都是买的，有些 是中国朋友送的。”
我们都想让夏礼再讲一些 中国的情况。夏礼说：”已经七点半 了。咱们是先听音乐呢，还是 先讲呢?”
我们都说：”先听音乐吧， 听完你再讲」
我们听的是交响乐《沙家浜》 和钢琴协奏曲《黄河》。听以前， 我们叫夏礼简单介绍介绍。他说， 这两部音乐作品是最近几年 创作的，内容都是描写中国抗 日战争的。
音乐听完 了，大家又谈了 很 长时间，夏礼还给我们介绍了 一下儿中国 现代 京剧。最后 我们 对夏礼说：“下星期如果你有 时间，我们还想听听另外那些 唱片。”
他说：“欢迎.你们再来，你们 星期六来还是星期日来呢?”
我们说：“星期日吧」
夏礼说：“好，你们一定都来
啊！ ”
Lesson 22
New Words with Old Characters
a. -47L 唠＞ rèài V： love (ardently), cherish, treasure,
、八、have a great love for
b. 有 Ì[ zhuānmén A: exclusively, only； specialize in
yánjiu
c-生命 shēngmìng N： life
(Note： 生命 means life as opposed to death, while 生活 means life in the sense of day-to-day living, livelihood, etc.)
d.
e.
解力攵 jiefàng
V： liberate
N： liberation
the Chinese People * s Liberation Army (PLA)
New Words and Characters
1.求
qiú
qīngqiú
2.恩
en
周恩来 zhouēnlái
BF：
N:
grace, favor, kindness
Zhou Enlai (1898-1976, Chinese Communist leader and Premier from 1949 until his death)
N：
Norman Bethune
haobu..・
毫普龈篇谒*n
BF： finely pointed hair； tiny, slight, infinitesimal not the slightest bit..., not...in the least
absolutely selfless and concerned only with the welfare of others
Note： Classical Chinese, sometimes referred -o as literary Chinese, was the standard written medium of China until the language reforms of the 20th century. It evolved as a separate language from spoken Chinese, and apparently never reflected the spoken language of the day. Instead, it was a sort of shorthand used by clerk and historian, poet and philosopher, to make a written record of events and ideas. It was much more monosyllabic than the spoken language, the majority of words being represented by a single character. The expression 毫不矛11 己,专门矛U 人, like many other set phrases and cliches in modern Chinese, is strongly influenced by classical usage. To understand the popularity of these nquasi-classical" expressions, it is only necessary to consider the spoken Chinese
CLASSICAL 利己 lìjī
equivalent
the classical verb-object compound
MODERN EQUIVALENT 为自己的利差打算 wei Ni li de livi dasuan
ENGLISH MEANING
take one's own benefit into account
4.积（稹） j1
秋极巧;
［积极分子苴fènzī
积极支持工K zhīchí 不只极参力口茸支 canjiā
BF： accumulate
SV： positive, active, energetic A： actively, eagerly
activist [
actively support
take an active part in
5. ± shì BF： officer, scholar, gentleman,
warrior (title of respect)
战士 zhànshì N： soldier, warrior, combatant
6.受
shou
V： be on the receiving end of： receive, undergo, withstand, endure, suffer, accept
受不了
shòubuliao
RC： canft stand (something)
7.伤（倒
伤风 shāngfeng* 受伤 shòushāng
BF： wound, injury, physical or emotional hurt, grief
V： wound, injure； suffer from
VO： catch cold, have a cold (lit. suffer fcom the wind)
VO： suffer a wound, be wounded, sustain injuries
8.重 zhòng
重，/另 shè>u zhòngshāng VO： be seriously injured or wounded 我们受的伤不太象只有他受了重伤。
SV： heavy； weighty, serious
9.抬（撞）
tai
V： lift, raise； carry (between two or more persons)
10.血
N： blood
blood
11.抽
chou
V： draw, suck,
pull
out, extract
VO： smoke (lit.
VO： draw blood,
draw
give
smoke)
blood
12.输
shu
输血 shūxuè
BF： transport； lose (a game, bet, etc.)
VO： give or receive a transfusion, be the donor for a transfusion (lit. transfuse blood) 姆身体不太健度让把输饭是不应该
13.昏
hūn
BF： dusk, twilight； dark, dim V： feel dizzy, faint
14.迷
匚黄昏 huánghūn
N： dusk, twilight, nightfall 二
mi
V： become clouded in one1s judgement or ability to discriminate
奋* hūnmí
V： faint, pass out
,15.危
wēi
BF• danger
16.险O)
wēixian
BF： danger
SV： dangerous, critical (illness or injury), in danger
N： danger
17.救 jiù
一 救命 jiùmìng
杀攵生衣j3sh苞ngyW 招L生 身含jUh苞ngchu^n
求攵火jiìàhuK
救火器Wq工 扬 Jz 东 JiùhuǑchē 救需给huS
V- save, rescue
IE： HelpJ, Save me2
N： lifejacket
N： lifeboat
VO： put out a fire
N： fire extinguisher
N： fire truck
V： revive, resuscitate, save (a dying person)
18.伟（鼾 wei BF： big, great
彳韦木一爸调才 SV- great
19.主
zhú
主人 zhìíren 笠力zhS11 主乐zhht工
主要 zhuyào
20.义（羲）
主5长NMzh勒g
主义 zhuyì*
BF： host, master； to act as host or master： officiate, host, preside over； chief, main, essential； advocate
N： host
N： main force
N： main body, essential part, mainstay
SV： chief, essential, primary, main A： chiefly, essentially, primarily, mainly
V： advocate
BF： sense of right, moral duty； meaning, significance
N： principle, doctrine, n-ismfT
共产主义 gòngchanzhǔyì* 马克思主义 mākèsìzhuyl 列宁主义 lièníngzhuyì Hiakèsī-
歹U宁主义」工退níngzhiíyì： 社会主义 shèhuìzhuyì 社会主义者 shèhuìzhǔyìzhě 社会主_义shèhuìzhuyì
无人 jÌánShè 托演T湍臂 林
N： communism
N： Marxism
N： Leninism
N： Marxism-Leninism
N： socialism
N： socialist
N： socialist construction, the building of socialism
N： the socialist revolution
社会史义建设运个词儿意思不但是 造新工厂并且是造新社会。
21.际(除)
国际gu6K 1国际公法 guójì(gong)fa 国际原财节且谈打
láodongjié
国际关系gu6K 国际新闻gu6K
guānxi
xinwén
BF： border, boundary； between one and the other
BF： international
N： interantional law
N： International Labor Day (May Day) _
N： international relations
N： international (world) news
匐际主义 guójìzhuyì
N： internationalism
我们为了纪念伟大的国际主义战士
白求恩同志建了纪念碑，
有一部歌曲叫国际歌,是国际共产主义
*世界各国劳动人民的歌曲。
Translations of the Usage Examples
a. We love the Communist Party.
b. Comrade Ma is specializing in chemistry. (or) Comrade Ma studies only chemistry.
c. Scientists are now discussing the possibility of life on Mars.
d. I agree with this method one hundred percent. (or) I fully agree with this approach.
e. We must liberate the productive force.
1. I begged her not to leave home, but she insisted on going off to join the PLA.
2. The people of China have a great love for Comrade Norman Bethune.
4. Dr. Norman Bethune played an active role (took an active part) in the War of Resistance against Japan.
5. This brave hero of the Sino-Japanese War exemplifies the Eighth 二。ute Army soldier (fighting man of the Eighth Route Army).
6. I can't stand that kind of music.
7. Those soldiers were wounded trying to liberate Shanghai.
8. Our wounds arenT t too serious； only he sustained serious wounds.
9・ The comrades carried him to the hospital.
10. HeT s already lost too much blood.
Where is he bleeding from anyway?
11. Then you111 just have to take my blood.
12. She1s not in very good health； it would be wrong to let her give blood (for the transfusion).
14. He was seriously wounded and lost a lot of blood-heT s already been unconscious for three days now.
16. He has sustained a serious head wound/injury-if he doesn1t get a transfusion immediately, his life will be in danger.
17. His condition is pretty dangerous； Iaf raid thereT s no way to save him.
18. The great doctor Comrade Norman Bethune was a hero of the Sino-Japanese War.
20. The term "socialist construction11 means not only building new factories, but building a new society as well.
21. We have built a memorial to commemorate the great internationalist warrior Comrade Norman Bethune,
There is a song called the Internationale which is the song of international communism and the working people of all the countries of the world.
抽血
语法 Yìífà Grammar
1) The fundamental function of the «把“ sentence is to emphasize how an object is disposed of by transposing it in front of the verb with “把汽 The word-order is as follows:
subject----« 把》--object----verb----other eleir.ents
我 把--练习一作--完了 O
Points to be borne in mind:
(1) There must be otner elements after the verb or the verb must be reduplicated. Eg
他把课文念得很熟。
请你把你的经验谈谈。
In very few sentences, which take auxiliaries before af巴》,the verbs may not take any other elements after them, but this is only limited to a few disyllabic verbs implying not only the sense of disposal but also a certain result of disposal. E.g.
我们一定要把这些困难克服。
(2) “把" must take a definite object, and not an indefinite one. Compare:
他昨天买来一架收音机。
他昨天把那架收音机买来了。
(3) The word of negation or the auxiliary must be placed in front of “把力，not in front of the verb. E.g.
他还没有把信写完。
我们要把中文学好。
(4) Some verbs such as，进“「回“，“喜欢"，“觉得"，“知道”， '看见""欢迎"，“经过" etc. which imply no sense of disposal cannot be used in a “把"sentence.
The above examples can also be Written into sentences without “把汽but if there is，在力“到'给“成"or other complement with extra elements after the verb, all of which are closely connected with the verb and cannot be separated from it by the object, then there is no other way but transposing the object in front of the verb with “把”.E.g.
请你把东西放在桌子上。
他已经把这两个句子翻译成英文了。
2) When the speaker wants to confirm what he thinks7 he can ask a question with ”是不是汽 The possible positions of '是 不是》in a sentence are as follows:
这本书是你的，是不是？
是不是参观的人都走了？ 你是不是把那本书还给他了？
人民解放军战士.
Lesson 22A (EC 53)
_、范句 Fànjù Models
（一）
1•我杷今天的练习作完 了。
2 .我把那本杂志带来 了。
3 .请你把你的工作经验 介绍介绍。
4咱们把那些问题讨论一下儿 吧！
5 .我把他的信放在桌子上 了。
（二）
6-我还没把那本书看完， 明天再还你吧。
Z我们应该把生词记住。
8 .我要把中文学好。
9 .我们要把方便让给别人, 把困难留给自己。
（三）
10 .今天下午我们是不是去 看电影？
11•你还没给他打电话呢， 是不是？
12.是不是你们已经把病人
送到医院去了？
二、课文 Kèwén Text 白求恩的故事 白求恩同志是个有名的大夫。 他是加拿大人。为了 帮助中国 的 抗 日 战争，一九三七年来到 中国。白求恩同志热爱人民，热爱 自己的工作，毫不利己，专门利人， 积极给八路军战士 看病。
有一天，一■个八路军战士受了
重伤，同志们把他抬到了 医院。 那个战士 因为流血太多，已经 昏迷 了，生命非常危险。
看到这种情况，一个同志问： “白求恩大夫,是不是必须输 血?”
白求恩同志回答：“是」
但是 医院里 的血不够了。
白求恩同志说：“抽我的血吧。” 医院里的同志都不同意。他们
想，白求恩大夫五十多岁 了，身体 又不好，工作又这样忙，不能 让他输血。大家都要抽自己 的血。
白求思 同志 说：“为什么不能
抽我的血？八路军战士为了解放 人民 受了 伤，我们一定要把 他救活。抽我的血是应该的。 快！”说完，他就躺在床上，让大夫 抽了他的血，输给了 受伤的 同志。
伟大的 国际主义战士 白求恩 同志用 自己的血救活了 中国 战士
Lesson 23
New Words with 01d Characters
.康瓢Lkāngfùxie
N： "revitalized blood" (lit. health restored blood-the blood of a person who has just recovered from burns)
b.引人 口信j yíngxiang
7 (yingxiang)
对z有影响 duì...you yíngxiang
N： effect, impact, influence, repercussion (lit. shadow and echo)
V： affect, influence
have an effect on..., have an impact on..., influence...
..自勺影t^shbu.・・de yíngxiang be influenced by...
这几个月的天气影响D生产。
吃饭对健康有很大的影响。 养篁你可以影响他不要砰样做. 他的恩想受了马免思列宁主义的影响.
c. /J \ 日才 xiaoshí N/M： hour
他一连讲3三小时的话我们只好 生在那里听.
我们在汽车站等n半个多小时,来不 及回制造厂上班.
d.
gànbu
N： cadre
Note： the term cadre is used to denote a person who holds a position in the Chinese Communist bureaucracy, particularly an admistrative post, and is rarely applied to a functionary of the lowest rank. Of ten the term is used in a more restrictive sense to refer to persons who have been fully indoctrinated in Party ideology and methods and are employed in ways that make use of this training. Cadres often are, but need not be, Cominunist Party members.
我们工厂的干部，每天和工人们一起开 会讨论马克思列宁主义。
哧说他因为受j反革命思想的影响， 所以得去上海一个‘五七干校'（五大七号 干部学校）学业
e.
zhòng
木7方也zh3ngdi 种树 zhòngshù
V： plant, sow
VO： till the soil, cultivate
VO: plant trees
xiūjiàn V： build
New Characters and Words
1.烧（檄
shāo
N：
burn, singe, scorch, fire (bricks), bake, roast, cook
fever
发烧 fEshN。* 烧水s*shul
VO：
VO：
run a fever
boil water
烧伤 shāoshāng
V：
be burned, suffer burns
2-精
jīng
BF： distillate, essence, spirit
3. 神
匚酒搞jEjWng
N: alcohol, spirits [
shén
N： deity, god, goddess, spirit
精神 jīngshen*
N： spirit
Att： spiritual, mental, moral
国 j5示主义 guGjWzhìíyì.
spirit of internationalism
精祎 jīngshen
才主本电生、gWngshen shenghuó "inner" life
4.爸
5.妈
6・叔
bà
备爸bàba
mā
BF： father
N： papa,、father
N： ma, mother
妈妈 mama N： mama, mother
shū BF: uncle (fatherTs younger brother).
叔叔 shúshu . N： uncle
|
7. |
农（:ft、麓）nóng |
BF： agriculture, farming； farmer, peasant |
|
农业nóngyè |
N： agriculture, farming | |
|
生甘 nóngyè shēngchan 衣业发展n6ngyè fàzhǎn 农业科学n6ngy咨kēxué 专整富麒1 农民 nSngmín |
agricultural production agricultural development agricultural science agricultural machine industry N： peasant, farmer | |
|
禽军丛启,工人不。农民的圮j位|^）3 艮多。 | ||
|
8. |
散 sSn |
BF： scattered, dispersed, broken up, scattered, loose, relaxed, rambling |
|
san |
V： scatter, disperse, break up, scatter, loosen, relax, ramble | |
|
散会Bnhui1 |
VO： break up (a meeting), adjourn | |
|
孑攵步sànbù1 |
VO： ramble, stroll, go for a walk | |
|
9. |
船（舷、虹）chuán |
N： boat |
|
^-A-j^chuánzhang1 |
N： skipper, boat captain | |
|
10. |
划（副） huá |
V： row, paddle |
|
划船 huáchuán1 |
VO： row or paddle a boat | |
11.演
yan
V： perform, act, show
表演
yan diànyīng biaoyàn
表斜目 biaoyan jiémù
VO: act in movies ot show movies
V： perforin, act, show, demonstrate
N： performance, act, show, demonstration
VO： put on a show or program
N： show, act
、ao
舞会戏声
跳^
勃
匚
2
V： jump, leap, dance
tiàowu VO： dance
tiàowuhuì N： dance |
13.累
14.爬
lèi SV： tired
V：
RC：
VO：
climb
climb up/down
climb a mountain, mountain climbing
climb (in an airplane) |
15.墙(墙、睛)qiáng
16.棵 ke
几榇树 jíkeshu*
N： wall (M： )
M： (measure for plants with stem or trunk: flower, tree, etc.) several trees
17.筑(桀)
zhù
BF： build
建筑 jiànzhu 建筑物 jiànzhuwu 建筑学 jiànzhuxué 建筑师 jiànzhushī
V： build
N： building, structure； architecture
N： building, structure
N： (the study of) architecture
N： architect
匚改生 gaibiàn
'变月^ biànchéng 变,匕 biànhuà
这个建筑物是中国人民解放军修建的
bian
V： change, transform, alter
V ： change J
V ： change into, turn into
V ： change, transform
N： change, transformation
发生变化 fāshěng biànhuà undergo a transformation
明天早上北方天气会变坏，可是对东南 部没有影响。
他以前是农民,现在变成工人机 在窠到三十年中，中国社会发生j很火 的艾化。
Translations of the Usage Examples
b. The weather these past few months has affected production.
Eating has a considerable effect on your health.
■. ； ：■ .■，-"
I hope you can influence him to stop doing that.
....1 : ... ； , - .
His ideology has been influenced by Marxism-Leninism.
c. He talked for three hours straight, and we had to sit there and listen.
After waiting over a half-hour at the bus stop, we couldn1t make it to work on time at the factory.
d. The cadres at our factory meet with the workers each day to discuss
Marxism-Leninism.
I hear he had to go to a May 7th Cadre School in Shanghai, because he had been influenced by counterrevolutionary thinking.
e. Lots of little trees have just been planted on the lawn there. (or)
They1ve just planted a lot of small trees on thar grassy area.
f. The members of our commune are now building a new hospital, which will be called Norman Bethune Hospital.
1. Only persons who have just recovered from burn wounds have "revitalized blood.n
3. She may be a cadre, but she still doesn't understand the spirit of Marxism-Leninism.
5. My mom and dad are both workers, but I want to be a doctor.
6. Don*t cry, little brother! Uncle doctor will give you some candy.
(Such combinations as Tluncle doctor*1 or nuncle worker" are common in Chinese, although they may sound peculiar when translated into English.)
7. After liberation, the social standing of workers and peasants rose considerably.
11. What do you say we go see the French dance performance tonight J
A cadre demonstrated the use of new farming machinery for the commune members.
12. I let out a loud laugh at the sight of that old lady dancing； later on I felt a little embarrassed.
14. By that time I was quite tired from climbing the mountain, and when I saw the river I jumped right in.
17. This structure was built by the Chinese People * s Liberation Army.
18. Weather in the north may turn bad tomorrow morning, but the southeast won1t be affected.
He used to be a peasant, but now heT s become a worker.
In less than 30 years, Chinese society has been significantly transformed.
语法 Yfifà Grammar
1) The complement of time tells how long an action or a state N affairs lasts, E.g.
他们学习了三年，我们学习了还不到 两年呢。
他在这个学校工作快两年了。 他在这个学校刚工作一年多。
If the verb takes an object, there are two ways to place the complement of time:
(1) The verb is repeated after the object, and the complement of time is placed after the repeated verb. E.g.
我们唱歌唱了半个小时了，休息一下 吧。
他在这个学校教中文教了快三个月了。
(2) The word or phrase of time is placed between the verb and the object. E.g.
我们唱了半个小时(的)歌了，休息一 下吧。
他在这个学校教了快三个月(的)中文 了。
2) The complement of time can also show how long it has been since an action was completed. In such a case, if there is an object, the verb cannot be repeated, nor can the word or phrase of time be placed between the verb and the object. E.g.
他毕业两年了。
我朋友去中国已经一年了。
3) Sometimes a verb takes in front of it to show that as soon as the action of the verb is done, it immediately produces a certain result or a certain finding is made. E.g.
他一说，大家都笑了。
他注意一听，门外有人叫他。
我听见外面有很多人说话，出去一看， 是几个新同学。
Lesson 23A (EC 54)
、句子 Jàzi Sentences
|
你 |
把 |
这个句子 |
分析 |
分析。 | |
|
他 |
那本书 |
还 |
了。 | ||
|
唱片 |
送 |
去了。 | |||
|
那本字典 |
送 |
给朋友了。 | |||
|
画报 |
放 |
在书架上 了。 | |||
|
没有 |
信 |
写 |
完。 | ||
|
想 |
这部交响乐 |
听 |
一遍。 | ||
|
我们 |
一定要 |
这些困难 |
克服。 |
(—)
1 .书架上放着几十本书，桌子上放着好 些本子、钢笔和别的东西。
2 .大树下坐着几个学生。
3 .他病了，大夫叫他躺着不要起来。
4 .革命胜利了，列宁还穿着旧大衣。
5 .他拿着好几封信回宿舍来了。
㈢
6 -这个病人必须马上送到医院去，不然 会有生命危险。
7.饭菜都做好了，现在吃，还是一会儿 吃?
8-下月的报已经订了，这是找你的五毛 钱。
幺这两件衣服补一补还能穿呢。
10.我以为邮票已经用完了，又买了好些。
1L你看，这个字写错了没有？
（四）
12.电影厅里坐着很多人。
13.班上来了两个新同学。
14♦汽车上下去了一些人。
（五）
15.白求恩大夫给八路军看病，有时候忙 得连饭也忘了吃。
16.解放以前，我们家连吃饭都很困难，哪
儿有钱买书呢？
在我们公社里，连七八岁的孩子都热 爱劳动。
18•我买东西回来，别的同学已经作完练
习了，我连生词还没有复习呢。
二、课文 Kèwén Text
输血
有一次，工人小张在救火的时候烧伤了， 同志们把他送进了医院。
小张的伤很重，他昏迷了好几次，经过三 个医院好些大夫的努力,才把他救活了。
后来，医院里又送来了一个烧伤的孩子。 他的伤也很重，生命非常危险。要救活这个孩 子必须先输血。很多人都对大夫说：“快抽我 的血吧! ”但是大夫告诉他们：“要救活这个孩 子，必须输康复血，这种血，烧伤刚好的人身 上才有」
医院里只宥小张是烧伤刚好的病人。他知 道了这个情况，马上对大夫说:“抽我的血吧！ 只要能救活孩子，要多少就抽多少。”大夫说: "你的伤刚好，抽血对你的身体有影响。”小张 说：“没关系，救孩子要紧!快抽吧，快!”大夫 们讨论了一下儿，最后同意了。
输血以后，孩子很快就救活了。大夫紧紧 地握着小张的手说：“我们要学习你这种毫不 利己，专门利人的精神!”
Lesson 23B (EC 55)
_* 范句 Fànjù Models
（一）
1•他在工厂 已经 工作了 三年 了。
2 .我和我朋友到公园玩儿了 一会儿。
3 •雨下了 一个多小时。
（二）
4 •你 今天 复习 课文 复习了 两个小时吗？
没有，今天我没复习两个 小时，只复习了 一个半小时。
5 .你们学中文学了 半年多 了 吧？
不，我们刚学了 两个多月。
6 .他去中国两年 了 吗？
他 去 中国没有两年，刚 一年多0
（三）
7 .你们学了 几个月（的）中文?
我们 学了 中文。
8 .昨天你们看了 展览吗？ 没有，昨天 三个小时的 两个多小时。
两个多月（的）.
三个小时（的）
我们 没 看 展览，只看了
复习一个小时
每天 不 复习
（的）课文，只复习
8你们每天都 （的）课文吗？ 不， 我们 ■■-'个小时 半个多小时。
（四）
10-他到外边一看，雪下得
大极了。
1L我拿起电话一听，是夏礼,
他从中国回来 了。
12.我到了 阿里家
— 看，已经
来了 好几个人 了。
13.他想买收音机，到商店 一
问，他喜欢的那种没有 了。
二、课文 Kèwén Text
小红去公园
春天到 了，天气暖和了。星期日 爸爸、妈妈带小红和 弟弟 到 公园玩儿了 一天。
那天：公园里-人.很「多，有工人、 农民、解放军、干部，还有 不 少 小朋友。他们有的散步，有的划 船，还有的坐着谈话、喝茶。
小红和弟弟 看见 树下 站着 很多人，跑去一看，.是十几个 小朋友正在给大家表演节目呢!
他们一边唱歌，一边 和.弟弟 就 站在 半个多小时。
后来，弟弟 弟弟不会 一会儿。他们 一点儿也.不
跳舞。小红
那儿 看了
要去划 划，爸爸 玩儿 觉得
船。小红和 教了 他们 非常高兴,
划完船，他们又
山上一看，绿树、红墙、蓝天，好看
爬山。站在
极了。
小红看见一个地方种着 很 多小树，对妈妈说：“妈妈，你看， 上回咱们来的时候,那个地方 还一棵树都 没有・呢，现在都 种上树了」
妈妈说：“是啊，公园 的工人 叔叔每年都种很多 树。小红， 你 看，这些建筑 也都 是 几百年
前劳动人民修建的。要是没有 他们的劳动，就不会有这样的 公园」
爸爸接着说：“但是解放以前 劳动 人民很少来 玩儿。现在公园 才成了 劳动人民自己的了」
回家的时候，爸爸在汽车上 问小红玩儿得怎么样，小红说: “玩儿得很有意思。今天我才 知道，公园也发生了 很 大 的 变化」
New Words with Old Characters
a.布^ 里^ shèlī •
N： commune
Note: is an example of a relatively new category of nouns which
has become increasingly popular in the PRC. These words are formed by combining the last syllable of a word for some place of work, study, or business with the localizing suffix 里. Below are some examples:
工厂 修理厂 发电厂
由隔 youjú (post 电话喝 diànhuàjú
gongchang (factory) ----- xiūlichàng (repair shop) • fādiànchàng (power plant)
office)
(telephone office)
电局 diànbàojú (telegraph office)
xuéxiào
军超^ jūnxiào 卒艮彳亍yinh^ng 车^彳亍chWhWng
(school)
(military academy)
changli chánglī changli júlī júll jlílī xiàoli xiàol1
(bank)
(vehicle shop)
VI VI 1 1 g g n n
<a h h 里里里K里里里里里里 厂厂厂局局局校校行行
As you can see, some ambiguity results when these truncated nouns are used； for this reason, they are generally used when it is clear from the context of the conversation what place is being referred to. (If, in the course of repairing your broken water pipes, a plumber says heT11 have to go back to "the shop,fT you would naturally assume he was referring to the plumbing shop,) However, it is not uncommon for the following kind of exchange to take place：
Uh, what shop are you from?
b.
发现fāx谑n
V： discover
N: discovery
c-教呻 jiàoshī
N： teacher
d. J# jinxing V： go on, proceed, get under way,
>*** 7 be .under way； go on with,
proceed with, carry on, conduct, engage in, hold
中美文化交流已进行了好几节工 我们发现唬里有几个反革命介子正 进行把下工作。
(Note： 已经 is sometimes shortened to simply 己 .)
e.
紧张支nzh^ng
SV： tense, nervous, strained, hectic N： tension, strain
紧张关系 jīnzhāng guānxi
tense relations, tensions
‘ 社里的情况现在太紧张,只好等上边 的干部来解决这些问趣。
f.感到 gandào
V： feel
2 老师一说到成绩的问题，他就感列 非常紧张。
g.彳言 2、xìnxīn
N： confidence (lit. trusting heart)
有信 心ydu xìnxīn VO/SV： have confidence/confident
等我骗的马跳过了第二道墙,我才开 始感到有J信心。
h・B的 mùdì N： goal, object, aim
我m的目的是把旧社会变成新社会.
i.
zhòngyao
重嚏问题zhongyao wèntí 重嗖的是. zhòngyàode shì.••.
SV： important, significant, major, crucial, paramount, weighty key issues, major problems, matters of greatest importance the important thing is to..., the main thing is to...
势力口运动会最重要是有信心。
New Characters and Words
|
1.包 bāo |
V： M/N： |
wrap wrapper, bundle, |
package |
|
包起来bNoqilai* |
RC： |
wrap up | |
|
包上jL bāoshang* |
RC： |
wrap up | |
|
乡民包』zhībāor |
N： |
paper bag, paper envelope |
wrapper, |
|
2.阳（给 yang |
BF： |
sun； the male or in nature |
creative force |
|
太F日 tàiyang* |
N： |
sun | |
|
3.草（卿）cao |
N： |
grass； plants | |
|
4.捡谖）jian |
V： |
pick | |
|
检起来ji^nqPai) |
RC： |
pick up |
j.团 ^^tuánjié
V： unite, rally
N： unity, solidarity
zhuang
装发^ 来zhu^ngqilai*
Jr zhuàngshang* 装扇)j zhu舐gm备le* 匚与禁^nzhuEng
V： fill, put in, install, load, pack, enclose
RC： load up, pack up
RC： load up, pack up
RC： filled up, loaded to capacity, packed full
V： install
6.丢 diū
去 ^^diūliǎn*
V： lose, misplace
VO： lose face, be humiliated SV： humiliating
7.爷(ÍS) yé
老大爷 lǎodày
BF： father
N： old'man (counterpart of
8.
BF: girl
N： girl
9.派 pài
V： send, dispatch
10.运（建）yùn
V： move, ship, transport
劲 yùndong*
V： exercise
N： exercise, sports, athletics； movement, campaign, drive
yùndongchang*
N： sports arena, athletic field, stadium, track
^^yùndonghuì 运动员 yùndongyuán
N： sports meet, track meet
N： athlete, sportsman
一罚k阖运动员 tiàogāo yùndongyuan 豺&远运动员
N； high jumper I
tiàoyuan yùndongyuán N: broad jumper I
11.全
quán
wánquán*
BF： entire, whole
SV： complete A： completely
remain
N：
N：
N：
N：
(in)
(in)
(in)
(in)
the
the
the
the
whole
whole
whole
whole
all the people
family
school
country； nationwide
world； worldwide
of China
12.市
［城市 chéngshì
uánshì
BF: marketplace； urban area, metropolis, municipality (PRC administrative unit)
N： city, municipality
Att： municipal, urban, city__
N： the whole city； citywide
13.赛 sài
比赛
匚赛跑运动员 àipao yùndongyuán
V： compete
V： race, compete
N： race, competition, contest, game, match, event
V： run a footrace
N： footrace
N： runner
14.米 mi N： hulled rice； (transliteration of)
meter (39.37 inches)
M： meter
r-耒饭mg
一百米赛跑y'b冬W sàipǎo
N: cooked rice |
N： polished rice
100-meter dash
15•杯绿）běi
M： cup, glass
杯孑 bēizi*
N: cup, glass
|
16.通 tong, 车 tongchē* 电^ ^^tong diànhuà* 逸^迂了nggud |
V： get throughj let through, put through, pass through VO： accessible by train, bus or car VO： put through a call； have phone service V： go through, go by, pass over, cross； put through, indorse, approve, adopt, pass (a resolution, etc.) SV： through, via, by way of |
保通it运动场的时候要济意砰些新 闻记者,不要让他他）给你喧和。
我住I的汽率为了筹一列火车通逃,所吵 晚刎了干个小时。
必须通X实践摄裔知识水平，通ii锻 炼力。强精神团结，
|
17.增 zēng | 增 ^^zēngjiā 瑙进z苞ngjin |
BF: increase, add to
|
运动比赛的S的是增进健康提高运动糖神
|
18.于（於）yú |
BF： (preposition in classical Chinese meaning 1 toward, to, with, at, by,1 etc.) |
|
又才于duìyu* 关于 guānyu* |
CV： with respect to, in relation to, towards (lit. facing towards) CV： concerning, in respect to, about (lit. relating to) |
|
19.终 zhong | zhongnián 于 zhongyú |
BF： end； from beginning to end, the whole.•. N： the whole year | A: eventually, finally, at last (lit. ending with) |
跳远比赛很紧张；张同志终于跳J五 米,但这个成绩还不够好。另一个运动 员跳b衣米二。
20.束
shù
BF: bind； bundle
jieshu
国运动会结 落的结缘。
V： conclude, finish, be over (lit. bundle up)
以后,中国共广 3。
Translations of the Usage Examples b. We've discovered that her ideology is questionable.
d- Chinese-American cultural exchange has already been underway for years.
We have discovered some counterrevolutionaries in the office (bureau, etc.) who were engaged in underground work.
e. Things are too hectic in the commune now； we'll have to wait and let upper-echelon cadres solve the problem.
f. The moment the teacher mentioned the problem of grades, he felt really “uptight" (nervous).
g. I didn* t begin to feel confident until the horse I was on had cleared the second wall.
h. Our goal is to change the old society into a new society.
i. When you enter a meet, the most important thing is to have (self) confidence.
j. Unity is victory.
4. He picked the paper wrapper up off the ground.
5. Azhen put the money in a paper wrapper, on which she wrote in large characters, "Red Wind Commune Primary School."
8. The little girl said to the old man, "Aren,t you cold in that old coat?”
10. The Vernacular Language Movement was initially opposed by many people.
Athletes from 15 countries participated in this international meet.
11. Long live the great solidarity of the people of the world.
The entire revolutionary faculty and student body of our school is going to the communes to learn from the peasants.
12. There are over 1000 athletes from factories, communes, and schools taking part in the citywide meet.
13. 工'm going to participate in two events, the high jump and broad jump.
14.
16.
17.
19.
20.
On the first-try I cleared 1.80 meters (about 5flln) ； on the second
I cleared 1.85 meters (about 6T1ĪT)- 、
When you cross the (athletic) field, watch out for the reporters, and don't let them take your picture.
Our bus was a half hour late because we had to wait for a train to go by.
We must heighten our level of awareness through practice and strengthen our spiritual solidarity through temperinge
The goal of athletic competition is. to promote health and sportsmanship.
Tension ran high in the broad jump competition； Comrade Zhang finally jumped 5 meters, but this performance was still inadequate； another athlete jumped 5.2 meters.
Upon completion of the National Meet we will broadcast the results of all the events.
After the close of the Second World War, the Chinese communist movement quickly won a victorv.
学员们正在听马列主义辅导课。
语法 Yfifà Grammar
1) The verbs “上，下，进，出，回，过，起》etc. can take the simple directional complement《来》or《去》 to form compound directional complements. E.g.
|
上 |
下 |
进 |
出 |
回 |
过 |
起 | |
|
来 |
上来 |
下来 |
进来 |
出来 |
回来 |
过来 |
起来 |
|
去 |
上去 |
下去 |
进去 |
出去 |
回去 |
过去 |
/ |
他们从外边走进来了。
孩子们都跑出去玩儿了吗？
2) The object of the verb with a compound directional complement is usually inserted in the complement. E.g.
张小华走进学校去了。
下课以后，同学们都跑出教室去锻炼 了。
他从桌子上拿起一张报来，坐下来看。 他要从楼下拿上一把椅子来。
Two points must be borne in mind:
(1) If the thing indicated by the object changes its position as a result of the action represented by the verb, the object can also be placed after the compound directional complement, but such cases are mostly found with a completed action. E.g.
他从桌子上拿起来一张报。
他从图书馆借回来一本字典。
(2) An object indicating locality must never be placed after a compound directional complement. We cannot say:《走进去学校”, “跑出去教室” etc.
3)《一…就…》shows:
(1) One thing immediately after another. E.g.
我们一下飞机就坐汽车到大使馆去了。 老师说得很清楚，我们一听就懂了。
(2) A condition and a result. E.g.
念课文不要紧张，一紧张就会念错。
我刚学中文，你说得一快，我就听不懂 了。
1），一…也（都）…" shows emphasis in a negative sentence. It lays stress on the subject, object or adverbial adjunct, etc. When the object is stressed, it must be put before the verb. E.g.
时间还早，一个人都没来呢。
他作练习的时候，一个汉字也没写错。
那个运动贝在跳一米八零的时候，一 点儿也不紧张。
2） “有（一）点儿" when used before an adjective as an adverbial adjunct means “to a slight degree* implying a shade of disagreeableness. E.g.
这几个句子有点儿难，咱们分析分析 吧。
那个词用得有点儿不合适。
这两个字写得有点儿小，应该写得大 点儿。
We don't say "有点儿高兴”「有点儿好看有点儿整齐etc.
“有点儿》 can also be used before some verbs or adjectives which indicate changes, ,meaning 气o a slight degree" but with no shade of disagreeableness. E.g.
我刚学骑自行车，已经有点儿会了。
天气暖和了，树有点儿绿了。
Lesson 24A (EC 56)
一,词组和范句 Cízfi hé fànjò Word Groups and Models
（一）
L走上来 走上去
2-拿下来 拿下去
3.跑进来 跑进去
4•借出来 借出去
5.送回来 送回去
6.带过来 带过去
7.站起来
（二）
8•我看见他们走过去 了。
9.他站起来跟朋友们打招呼。
1°-张老师让我坐下来跟他 谈话。
（三）
大家都跑出教室来欢迎 新同学。
12 .小红和弟弟很 山去了。
快就爬上
了。
13 .他买回邮票来
14 .请你把字典送回 图书修 去吧！
15 .他 从 书架上 拿下来 几本 画报。
(H)
屿请您等一会儿，我马上就 把这些东西包好。
17 .你去天安门，要在那个汽车 站等车。
18 .听说那个公园很好，等有 时间我一定去玩儿玩儿。
19-你先去吧，我等一会儿就 来。
㈤
20 .我们早上一起来就去锻炼 身体。
21 .我一到这里，同志们就非常 关心我的学习和生活。
22 .老师一发现我们的发音错
了,就立刻让我们改正。
23：天气一冷，我们就可以 去
滑冰了。
24-我念课文还不熟，一不 注意就会念错。
二、课文 Kèwén Text 一包钱
一天 早上，太阳 刚 出来。十一岁 的张小华又跑又跳地去上 学。快到学校的时候，她发现 路旁 的 草里 有一个 小 纸 包儿，捡起来一看，是个旧信封， 里边 装着 五十块 钱，信封上 有 “东风人民公社”几个字。张小华 想：丢钱的人大概是从公社到 城里来买东西的，我一定要 找到这个人，把钱交给他。她 又想，丢钱的人也许会回来 找的，就站在那儿等着。
过了 一会儿，一•个 五六十岁 的 老大爷走过来 了，他一边走一边 往地上看。张小华想，这大概就 是丢钱的人，就跑过去问： “老大爷，您丢东西了 吗？”
“是啊，小姑娘，你看到一个 小纸包儿没有？”
“纸包儿里边是什么？”
“是钱，五十块钱」
“您是从哪儿来的？”
“我是东风公社的，社里派 我到城里 来修理机器，我刚才 把机器送到工厂去 了，出来的 时候发现钱丢了」
张小华一听，就高兴地把纸 包儿拿出来，说：“这是您的吧?”
老大爷接过纸包儿说：“是我 的。小姑娘，谢谢你。你叫什么 名字啊?”
“老大爷，不用谢。这是我应该 做的事情。”小华说完就向学校 跑去了。
Lesspn 24B (EC 57)
_、范句 Fànjù Models
㈠
L学中文以前，他一个汉字 也不认识O
2.那个 化学工厂 我一次也 没参观过。
3.同学们都在操场锻炼身体, 宿舍里一个人也没有。
4•他出了 院，一天都没休息， 就来上课了。
5.那些句子一点儿都不难。
（二）
6.我 参加了运动会，有（一）点儿 累。
Z我以前不会 滑 冰，他
教了我几次，我现在有（一〉点、儿 会 了。
8・我们 冈丁 至ij 那个 国家 的 时候，对 那儿 的 天气 有（一）点儿 不习惯，以后很快就习惯 了。
9・天气有（一）点儿冷 了，我们 应该换厚（一）点儿的衣服 了。
二、课文 Kèwén Text
运动会、 筌市大学生运动会是 举行的。那天，很多
星期六
学校的
教师和同学都去看 进行了 四个多小时。
了。比赛
我参加了 跳高比赛。这么大 的运动会，以前我一次也没有 参加过。开始，我跳得比较好, 一米七零和, 一米 七五 都 是 一次 跳过去 的。但是，跳一米 八零的时候，我 有点儿 紧张， 两次都没跳过去。我想：“这么 高，以前我一次 也没 跳过， 第三次能跳过去吗?”
我正感到没有信心的时候， 一个不认识的跳高运动员给 我送来了 一杯水，并且给我 介绍了 他练习跳高 的 经验。 他最后 说：“来， 咱们一起再 练习一会儿。〃
我说：“你刚跳完一米八零， 也很累，一分钟也没休息就 来帮助我，这会影响你的 成绩的」
他说：“比赛不是 目的。最 重要的是通过比赛加强团结， 增进友谊。来，咱不j练习吧!”
我们一起练习了 十几分钟，因为 有了 他的热情帮助，第三次我 终于跳过了 一米八零。
比赛 结束 了， 我 对 那个 运动员说：“你对我的帮助很 大，谢谢你。”
他说：“我们应该互相 帮助, 互相学习。”
Lesson 25
New Words with Old Characters
a.
b.
c.
t? zhiyou
八 我们飞机场只有洒架水上飞机。
运架机器太复杂，只甫高同忐会修理, 只有经以t劳动锻燎才能了解或民 的生活条件。 ▼
年乡乙niWnji 1
她年纪多大了？
老头 5"laotóuzi or N： old man, elder
龙^^ 若。t6ur
'找在工厂遇见的那个老头儿,是以前 在上海认识的。
MA： only； only if； can only
N： age （like 罗第攵）
d。
攻孑才oxiÈío SV： funny, laughable
有见她穿那样紧的衣服，大冢野党 得好笑。
New Characters and Words
1.愚 yú
BF： stupid, foolish
愚公ydgdng
(Note: 公 was the highest rank of nobility in ancient China, used as a term of respect, like 1 lord1 or 1 sir.1)
N: Sir Stupid
and came to be
2.移 yí
移动 愚公移山
yídong
yugong yíshān
BF： move, shift, relocate, transfer, transmit
V： move, shift
How Sir Stupid Moved Mountains
3.言 y£n 匚言语 yuyán
words, speech, language
N： language 二
BF:
4.寓OS) yù
BP： reside, residence； fable
•$* yùyán N： fable (short tale to teach a moral)
寓言里常有各种会说话的利物。
5.古 gu
SV： ancient, archaic
匚古代 gudài 当时候 gushíhou
BF： ancient (vs.
现代口
N： ancient times
中国古时候有个道家名叫老子，对 中国思想为彳艮大的影响.
6.它（地） tā N： it
人民英雄纪念碑很布分，去北京看这 它的人邨说是一个很伸大的建筑牧
7.搬 ban
搬家b^n声*
旅走 bànzSu*
版不动 bSnbUdÒng*
V： move (heavier articles), move (to a new location)
VO： move (to a new home)
V: move away, remove
RC： car1Tt move, won't budge
8.
孙（繇）sun
BF： grandchild
孙女 súnnU 矛J、子siínzi
N： granddaughter
N： grandson
我的那于最近搬到社里去比
9.
赞（黑窗z3n
赞成z ànchéng
BF： agree, admire, praise
V： be for (something), favor, be in favor of, approve of, go along with, agree to, subscribe to, endorse (opposite of 反对)
V： praise
zànmei*
人你如果这么做社员一足会赞成了. 大家都赞成他提出来的办法. 我众不论赞成或者反对,都必须支持 国衍、共产主义运动。
10.妻
q工 妻孑qWzi
他妻子年纪不大,只不近是个小姑娘
BF: wife
N： wife
11.石
shí
石 shitou*
BF： rock, stone； a surname
N： rock, stone (M：
12 .扔 rēng V： throw； throw away
那块石头不合适，又好把它扔了。
13 .邻邰、瞬）lín BF： neighbor； neighboring； neighborhood
14 .居 jū BF: live, dwell； dwelling, residence
岑linjū N： neighbor
我优I邻居有一个姓石的,他的妻子 就是王老大爷的矛卜女。
15.苦 ku
SV： bitter, painful, sorrowful, hard N： bitterness, pain, sorrow, hardship
若干 kugàn
V： work hard
kúgong N： hard work
匚苦力 kulì N： coolie 二|
为什么诘目警学，并且要用很大的气力 玄学呢？因为语言这东西不是（通便可 小学好的,非不苦工不可 suí
16 .辛 xīn BF： (spicy) hot, pungent, acrid；
painful, sorrowful, toilsome
¥ xinkú V： work hard
J v7 N： hard work, hardship
SV： tiring, hard, tough； hardworking
IE: Commendable effort2, Good workI
只要你们不怕干苦,就能克服各科学习 上的困碓. … \
那个老关于隼纪大队这样苦干本牛苦L *若牛苦！现在坨们一起吃饭玄吧！
17.挖
wa
V： dig, gouge
18.智（知）zhì
BF: wisdom, intelligence； wise, intelligent
N: intelligence
19.叟 sou
智叟 zhìsou
BF: old man
N： Wise Old Man
20.
bá
彼不í bábuliao
V： uproot, pull up by the roots, pull out, extract (teeth, etc.)
RC： can't uproot, unable to pull out
21.死 si
V： die, dead
N： death
N:
casualties (lit. dead & wounded) | kill (with a blow, bullet, etc.)
dead men, the dead
22.
越 yuè
越…越… yuè...yuè.•.★
yuèláiyue...*
法来隹yu 爸 láiyuènán*
BF: pass, surpass, exceed； more the more..., the more... becoming increasingly..., getting more and more... getting more and more difficult
23.帝 dì
匚帝国主义 dìguózhuyì 上帝 shàngdì*
BF: ruler, emperor； imperial
N： imperialism ]
N： God (lit. supreme ruler)
24. 仙(倦) xiān BF： immortal, fairy, elf, goddess
本甲 仙|Shgnxi区n N： immortal
Translations of the Usage Examples
a. There are only two seaplanes at our airfield.
This machinery is too complex-Comrade Gao is the only one who can repair it.
Only after undergoing labor tempering can you appreciate the living conditions of the peasants.
b. How old is she now?
c. The old man I ran into in the factory is someone I used to know in Shanghai.
d. Everyone was amused by her tight-fitting clothes.
4. In fables there are often all sorts of animals that can talk.
5. In ancient China there was a Taoist called Lao-tzu (pronounced laozī) who greatly influenced Chinese thought.
6. The Monument to the Peoplefs Heroes is very well-known. Those who have been to Peking to see it all say it * s a great structure.
8. My grandson recently moved to the commune.
9. If you take this approach, the commune members are sure to go along.
Everyone approved of the method he proposed.
Whether we're pro or con, we must support the international communist movement.
10. His wife is quite young一一she1s no more than a child (little girl).
12. That rock doesn,t fit； you might as well throw it away.
14. We have a neighbor by the name of Shi whose wife is the granddaughter of old man Wang.
15. Why is it necessary to study languages, and for that matter, to exert a lot of effort in learning them? Because language isn't something that can be learned by whim-you just have to get down and work at-it. (—Mao Zedong)
16. So long as you1re not afraid of hard work, youTll be able to overcome all sorts of learning difficulties.
That old man is up in his years； itT s too much of a strain on him to work this hard.
YouTve worked real hard-let * s all go get someting to eat.
17. My grandson is down at the beach digging in the sand.
20. The peasants in our commune spend all day long pulling vegetables一 they don1t have time to study Marxism-Leninism*
I have a rotten tooth； 1111 have to go to the doctor next week to have it extracted.
21. When I asked my replied that he
neighbor what he was doing digging up his back yard, had just killed his wife.
he
只要有决心，就一定可以把山搬走」
语法 Y&fá Grammar
1) The subject-predicate construction can be used as the predicate of a sentence. The subject in the S-P construction is usually a person or thing which is closely related to thrt subject of the whole sentence or even a part of it. E.g.
这个工厂工人不少。
那部电影包彩非常好。
愚公年纪很大了。
2) When we want to tell whether an action can achieve a certain result, we may use “有自》，“可以“ etc., but more often we use the potential complement. Such a complement is made up by inserting “得》between the verb and a complement of result or a directional complement. E.g.，听得懂》,“看得清楚”，“找得到”，"上 得去"mean “能听懂》「能看清楚能找到》「能上去汽The negatives are “听不懂》「看不清楚”「找不到》and “上不去巴
When asking for permission, one can't use the potential complement. One can only say “我能进来吗？" and not "我进得来吗?》
3) The verb。了”(liáo) is seldem used as a com^ement of result or as a predicate, but is often used as the potential complement, meaning possibility or completeness or finality. E.g,
你今天晚上七点钟来得了来不了？
(meaning《可能乙)
我们作练习用不了这么多纸。
(meaning «完汽)
4) When used as the potential complement, “动》indicates whether one has the strength to do something. E.g.
我们两个人抬得动那架机器，你不用去 了。
小红爬山爬得太累了，后来有点儿走不 动了。
5) When 口下万 is used as the potential complement it means whether there is enough room to hold something. E.g.
那辆汽车坐得下四十个人。
这里放不下这么多东西。
6) When an adjective is used as adverbial adjunct to depict an action, it is often reduplicated by tiie syllable. With a monosyllabic adjective, the second syllable is usually changed into the 1st. tone and retroflexed. With a disyllabic adjective, the last syllable is stressed. E.g.
我们一定要好好儿学习。
他把书整整齐齐地放在书架上。
7) The construction of «越…越…》indicates that two things increase or decrease in a parallel way, or that one increases in the same degree as another decreases. E.g.
这个问题越讨论越清楚。
孩子们越玩儿越高兴。
«越来越means increasingly. E.g.
我的朋友越来越多了。
社员的生活越来越好。
8) There is a kind of sentence with two verbs in the predicate. The first verb is "有》or 4涩有》which takes an object after it. In meaning the object can be governed by the verb which follows it, but in fact, the second verb is only a kind of comple-ment. Eg “汉有话说》「汉有水喝》J有地种》and «有书看乙
Lesson 25A (EC 58)
范句 Fànjù Models
（一）
L他身体很好。
2 -这个老工人工作经验很多。
工他决心非常大，一定能克服 这些困难。
4 .这种收音机声音不错，样子 也很好看。
（二）
5 .我这样说你们听得清楚 听不清楚？
6 .这些中文书我们 现在还 看不懂。
7 .这个节目二十分钟表演得完 吗？
8 .这课生词比较多，不多复习 几次就记不住。
9 .这张床你一个人搬得 走搬不走？
（三）
1。・明天去参观工厂，你去得 了去不了？
11 .时间不够，讨论不 了 三个 问题 了。
12 .天气太暖和 了， 滑不了 冰 了。
㈣
13 .他一个人搬不动那张 桌子，我们去帮助他抬吧。
14 .老人和孩子们走不动，他们 坐车去。
15 .这么多东西你拿得动吗？
（五）
16 .这间 宿舍 住得下住不 T 三个人?
17 .这只小船只坐得下四个 人，五个人就坐不下了。
18 .书架上放得下这么多书吗？
19 .信封里装不下这些照片 了。
（六）
2。 •我们要好好儿学习，不断提高
中文水平。
21.他要去车站接一个朋友， 早早儿地就走了。
22.桌子上整整齐齐地放着几本书。
（七）
23.天气越来越冷，彳艮快就 要下雪 了。
24.这部交响乐他越听越喜欢 诉。
25.我越想越觉得这个故事 有意思。
二、课文 Kèwén Text
愚公移山（寓言）
中国古时候有一位老人，名
叫愚公，快九十岁 了。他的家 n 前边有两座山，又高又大， 一家人出来进去非常不方便。
有一天，愚公把全家人叫到 一起，说：“这两座 大山 对着咱们 家门口，太不方便 了！ 咱们把 它搬走，好不好?”
他的儿子、孙子们都很赞成， 只有他的妻子没有信心。她 说：“你年纪这么大了，连一块 石头也搬不动，怎么能搬走 这两座大山呢？ 那么多 的 石头又搬到哪儿去呢?”
大家说：“可以把石头扔到海里 去!”
第二天，愚公就带着一家人搬 山去了。邻居有个七八岁的 孩子，听说他们要去搬山，也 高高兴兴地去 了。 他们不怕 辛苦，不怕困难。每天不断挖山。
有个老头子叫智叟，看见他们 在搬山，觉得很好笑，就对 愚公说：“你这么大年纪，连山上 的草都拔不 了，怎么能搬走 这么多石头呢?”
愚公回答说：“你还不如小孩子！ 我虽然快死了，但是我还有 儿子，儿子死 了， 又有孙子， 我们的人越来越多，山上 的石头越搬越少。只要有 决心，就一定可以把山搬走
智叟听了，没有话说。
愚公一家人搬山的事感动了 上帝，他就派了 两个神仙把 两座山搬走 了。
Lesson 26
New Words with Old characters
-就是 jiùshi A: really
’ 她就是爰听革命歌曲。
我他就是应该增进生产.
、、、、
他注个老头4"就是勤劳他一、立、都 不福辛苦“
b・-SE* guorán MA： as expected, sure enough （opposite
of并不and舁没）
你讲的不徜那个表演节Ē果然很好 戕说情况会变好M果然是这样.0
c.才B Jt* bàogào V： report, report to, report on
V人 O N: report
请累司学报告一下，你刚看完的郎本 名的权告写得很整齐，可是没有内容 你干么在树底下睡施呢？我报告沙 同志，他会打死你的，
d.班长 banzhang N: squad leader
「连长 liánzhang N： company commander -I
I团 tu^nzhang N： regiment commander
沙币 干 shīzhang N： division commander
京马上去报告班长。
^^-^quánxínquányì A： wholeheartedly
2我ÍÍ1金7全意地支持人民战全 残壬的战士全心全意地赞成旌长 白勺说法0
完成 wánchéng
V： bring to completion, perfection or fulfillment； consummate, complete, perfect, fulfill
班卡向战士们报告「我刚接到上面来 的电报，说战事己经结束］中国人氐 解放，我们的工作也完成，〃
g・
N: field
N： (in the) field
天气热，我 就在他边上的那几棵树 底下生着喝茶.
h.听不清Mngbuqīng
暮鬟
请再说一遍,我听不清你说的话6
希不清kanbuqíng
RC： contraction of
RC： contraction of
N: flood waters
i.dàshui
我们没想到大水来得这么快,许多 人来不及跑走4
New Characters and Woi?ds
1.队（除）did
BF: an organized group of people： team, (military) unit； rank, file, formation (of troops, aircraft, ships, etc.)
一 乐毁 yuèduì
交响乐队 jiāoxiangyuèduì 生产队 shengchanduì j 大^或Qsh芭ngchZn dàduì jūnduì
N： band
N： symphony orchestra
N： production team
N： production brigade
N： army, armed force (M： or forces, troops
支);
若，陂bùduì
N： (military) unit, outfit (M： or 支)；troops
我们学校后天去访问东方红大区j解 生产情况。
你马上回去报告队里：我们的死伤 彳艮重，不能作战.
有了沙家决那些源敢的农民积极反 抗侵略着解砍军的一支部队很快就 战胜3日本军队。 1
2・
村(邨)cun
王村 wángcūn 新华村 xinhuácūn 村孑cūnzi
农 44 n°ngcGn
农村人 RinÓgfngshfénmín
公布L
BF： village
N： Wangcun (lit. Kingville)
N: Xinhuacun (lit. New China Village)
N： village
N： peasant village, farming village； the countryside
Att： rural, agrarian
N： rural peoplef s commune (vs. urban...
城市人民公彳七)
在南Ja L底下有个小村子明八一新村 我们全校师生明天去尊助树里的农氐,
3.踩(踮) cái V： step on, trample on
^.^pcāihuài V： crush underfoot, trample
我:门的菜园叫那些动物踩坏了。
4.
律 埼
匚法律击 纪俏切
费动 2乙倬■Wodèing jìlÙ
BF： law, statute, rule, regulation； regulated, uniform
N： law
N: discipline； code of conduct., regulations (lit. written rules)
N： work rules
他们的军战没有纪律.
我想到人民解放军的纪律,立刻就去
报告那件果 「
5.
务微）wù
BF:
affairs, business, duties； take on (professional or public duties), serve business, affairs 二|
匚事务 shìwù 服分fúwù
匚服务员小时
为人民服务 wèi renmín fúwù
更全上公意地为人民腹务必须相信
勺民,热爱人民。
售不到2亨口利卷的特现可丛说是 为人氐服务最重要的条律
N：
V：
N:
N：
serve service
waiter, attendant, steward (male or female)
serve the people
6.益 yì
汴1J
为人氐的 wèi rénmín de
4 J 港 工.彳乍 liyi gongzuò 才且 líJ l 匕 xiàngdào rénmín 嘲Ì■慢d…
BF： increase； increasingly, more； profit, advantage, benefit； beneficial
N： advantage, benefit, good, interests work for the good of the people consider the interests of the people
为人民服务就是为人民的利益打第
7.
赔 péi V： pay damages, compensate (someone) for
a loss, make reparations
砰些马踩坏了的白菜灌要赔?
8.歉
(Note： tell.T)
qiàn
道歉 dàoqiàn
in classical Chinese,
BF： feelings of regret, remiss, dissatisfaction, embarrassment
VO: apologize (lit. express one1s regret)
one of the meanings of was Tsay, express,
弟二天我感刎不好意恩l就向他道歉。
9. 损 sun BF： loss, damage
解放军的战士如果才员坏了东西，一定要 赌.
10.失
shí
BF： lose, miss, slip up
损夫 síínshi
V： lose, suffer a loss
N： loss, damage
suffer loss or damage
11 .禹 yú
BF： name of the reputed founder of the legendary Hsia (xià 夏)dynasty, B.C. 2205, known as 大禹 the Great YU or i取禹 the Divine YU
12.治
zhì
（政汇台z旄ngzia*
［自冷zì,zhì.
出病zhlbWng
^台水■zhì.shui
V： control, put in order, regulate, govern； cure or treat (an illness)
N： politics
Att： political
N： autonomy
Att： autonomous (lit. self*governing)
VO： give medical treatment, cure a disease or illness
VO： harness the rivers and watercourses (by building dikes, dams, etc.)
13.
BF： calamity, catastrophe, disaster
N： holocaust, conflagration, fire
14.淹(滔)
V： inundate, flood, drown
淹死 yānsl
V： drown
15.领
ling
领 4^língjiào* 带领doling
BF: collar； lead； receive
IE： May I ask...? (lit. receive instruction)
V： lead
16.弓| yin BF: draw (up, out, back)； draw off,
drain, divert (water)
Translations of the Usage Examples
a・ She really loves to hear revolutionary songs.
We really should increase production.
This old fellow really is industrious, he isnT t a bit afraid of hard work.
b. You were right一一that was a good program.
I said things would improve, and sure enough they have.
c. Please report to your classmates on the novel you just finished.
His report was very neatly written, but lacked substance.
What do you think youTre doing, sleeping under a tree? I report this to Comrade Sha and he111 kill youJ
d・ Go report to the squad leader at once.
e. We wholeheartedly support people Ts wars.
The soldiers in the squad wholeheartedly backed up what the squad leader said. (...approved of his explanation, ...agreed with his version.)
f. The squad leader reported to the soldiers, TTITve just received a message from higher up that says, 'The war is over, the Chinese people have been liberated, and our work is completed.T"
g. When it1s hot I sit and drink tea under those trees at the edge of the field.
h. Please say that again； I couldnT t hear what you said.
i. We werenft expecting the flood waters to arrive so quickly, and a lot of people were unable to flee in time.,
1. The day after tomorrow our school is going to pay a visit to the East is Red Brigade to find out about production.
Get back immediately and report to the outfit that we've taken heavy casualties and we can11 fight. (... we are unable to go into combat.)
With the heroic peasants of Shachiapang actively resisting the aggressors, a unit of the PLA quickly defeated the Japanese forces.
22 At the foot of Nanshan (South Mountain) is a small village called Bayixincun (New August First Village).2 Tomorrow, the entire faculty and student body will go help the peasants in the village spread fertilizer.
3. Our vegetable garden was trampled by those animals.
4. Their troops have no discipline.
Recalling the PLA Code of Conduct, I immediately went to report the matter.
5. In order to wholeheartedly serve the people, one must have faith in the people and love the people.
One might say that the spirit of utter devotion to others without any thought of self (i.e., the spirit of altruism) is the most important condition for serving the people.
6. To serve the people is to look out for the people 2 s interests.
7. Who will pay damages for the cabbages that were trampled by the horses?
8. The next day I felt bad about it and apologized to him.
9. If a PLA Soldier damages something, he must make reparations.
10. Their house burned to the ground and they lost everything.
12. Chinese children have all heard the story of how Great YU harnessed the waters.
13. In her thousands of years of history, China has suffered many floods.
14. The house was half-covered by water from the river, but no one drowned.
15. The PLA soldiers led the peasants from the village into battle.
16. That structure is to divert river water into the fields.
语法 Yúfá Grammar
1) The complement "上”shows the completion of an action indicating coming together, closing up or in contact with. E.g.
你出去的时候把门关上。
我在给朋友的信里装上了几张照片。
Sometimes «上》shows that an aim not easy to attain has been attained. E.g.
解放以后劳动人民都过上了幸福生活。
要看这个电影的人非常多，我还没看 上呢。
2)“果然" is an adverb which shows that things turn out just as expected or predicted. E.g.
输血以后，那个孩子果然救活了。
他说七点来，七点他果然来了。
3) «就是》indicates emphasis and is put immediately before the element to be emphasized, implying that the thing emphasized is not to be denied. E.g.
人民公社就是好。
我们就是不怕困难。
一» 范句 Fànjù Models
L我们在教室前边和食堂
旁边种上了 很多树。
2 .请你们在本子上写上自己 的名字。
3 .孩子们都穿上了 最好看的 衣服，去参加国庆活动。
4 .那部交响乐我们终于听上了。
（二）
5 .昨天广播 说今天 有 雨, 现在果然下雨了。
6 .我想大概是阿里打来的 电话，一听，果然是他。
Z他 说 得不错，那个节目
果然很好，我看了 两遍还 想再看。
（三）
8.这个礼堂 都坐得
9•学习外文 说才说
就是大，两千
To
就是要多说, 得流利。
m他就是喜欢听音乐。
一棵白菜
一天夜里，解放军的一支 部队 从一个村子旁边经过。因为天 太黑，看不清路，一个战士 把地边儿上的一棵白菜踩坏 了。这个战士立刻想到人民解放军 的纪律，就马上把这件事报告了 班长。
班长对大家说：“同志们，我们 是人民的军队，要全心全意地 为人民服务，处处想到 人民 的 利益。踩坏了 公社的菜,我们一定 要赔」
可是这时候村子里的人都 睡 了，外边一个人也找不到。 怎么 办 呢？ 班长让大家想 办法。
一个战士说：“我们写封信， 向社员 同志们道歉；信里放上 一毛钱,赔他们的损失。我们把 信放在那棵白菜旁边。明天早上 社员们来劳动的时候，一定能 发现这封信」大家都说这个 办法好。
第二天，社员到地里劳动，果然 发现了 那封信。大家 感动 地 说： “人民军队就是好！”
为建设新农村 上大学
一、词组 Cízù Word Groups
(一)
|
上来 |
上去 |
下来 |
下去 |
过来 |
过去 |
回来 |
回去 |
进来 |
进去 |
出来 |
出去 |
起来 | |
|
拿 |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
|
搬 |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
|
扔 |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
|
爬 |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
|
带 |
,v |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V | |
|
送 |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V | |
|
跑 |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V | |
|
跳 |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V | ||
|
走 |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V | |
|
骑 |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V | ||||||
|
流 |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V | |||||
|
放 |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V | |||||
|
坐 |
V |
V | |||||||||||
|
躺 |
V |
V | |||||||||||
|
£ |
V |
V |
Note: shows that the verb on the left can take the above
compound directional complement and often does so. A blank shows that it can but only rarely.
|
放写住坐装穿听看拿搬找买按记拿 |
得 不 |
下 上 见懂逑走 到 住 |
|
回借过进 |
来 去 | |
|
拿 |
上来 | |
|
爬 |
得 |
上去 |
|
吃 |
下去 | |
|
搬 |
不 |
出来 出去 |
|
走 |
过来 | |
|
跳 站 拔 |
过去 起来 |
二、旬子J也i
|
来 去 掌握 决定 修理 翻译 发现 忘 |
得 不 |
了 |
Sentences
|
The object indicates locality. |
1 |
他要把书 |
还 |
回 |
图书馆 |
去。 | |
|
2 |
他 |
跑 |
下 |
楼 |
来 |
了。 | |
|
The object changes its position. |
1 |
他要给你 |
运 |
过 |
一杯水 |
来。 | |
|
2 |
我给他 |
送送_ |
过 过去 |
一杯水 一杯水O |
去。 |
1. The action is not completed.
2. The action is completed.
L祢在北京住了几年？
我在北京住了五年。
2.你们学了一年中文了吗？
他学了 一年了，我刚学了八个月。
3.每天晚上你听多少时间的广播？
有时候听一小时，有时候只听半小时。
4我们在这儿等了你二十多分钟了。
（三）
5.太阳快出来了。
6.汽车快要到天安门了。
7.运动会五点钟就要结束了。
8・我们要回学校去了。
（四）
9.这个书架你们两个人抬得动祐不动？ 我们两个人抬得动。
10.那间教室坐得下四十个人吗？ 坐不下，只坐得下三十个人。
IL这张地图很大，大家都看得清楚。
12.你听'得懂中文广播吗？
还不能都听懂。
13.今天晚上的经验交流会你参加得了吗？ 晚上我有事情，参加不了。
14老大爷想，丢的钱一定找得到。
15.学外文不常说就说不流利。
（五）
16.
17.
这间教室窗户很大。 这本书内容很不错。 （六）
18.这课汉字他一个也没有写错。
19.图书馆的新画报一本也没有了，都借 走了。
20.他跟我们一样，这儿一次也没来过。
2L这件事情他一息儿都不知道。
三、课文 Kèwén Text
大禹治水
四、五千年以前，中国发生了一次很大的 水灾，大水把好些地方都淹了。
大禹看到这种情况，就带领大家去治水。 他们不怕辛苦，不怕累，决心克服各种困难， 把水引到海里去。他们相信，只要大家努力， 水就一定能治好。
有一次，大禹带着很多人经过自己家门 口，他想进去看看，但是他一想到很多人的家 都淹了，觉得应该快点儿把水治好，就没有进 去。
几年以后，他又从自己家门口经过。因为 很忙，这一次他连看也没看就走过去了。他 想：只要把水治好，回家不回家没关系。
水快要治好了。大禹第三次经过家门口。 大家都说：“这回你可以回家看看了『大禹 说：“水虽然快要治好了，但是最后的工作是 非常重要的。要是我回去，大家也都可以回 去，这样我们的工作就完成不了 了 °”他还是 没有回去。
大禹和大家一起忙着治水，经过十三年的 努力，终于把水引到了海里。
Lesson 27
New Words with Old Characters
N： master, host
VO： be master, act as host
V： lead
N： leader, leadership
片员导干符11ngd^o gànbu
N： leading cadre
在%领导下zMX língdāo xià under the leadership of X 在嘉敬的王班长领导E我们很快就战 胜了日本军队.
c. m j lèibìngle V： get sick from overwork
New Characters and Words
1.姐
Jie
姐姐衮jie*
2.
3.
4.
mèi
妹妹m£mei* 如嫌强mèi
剥画）bō
xuē
boxuē
受制剂Sh3u boxuē
BF： older sister
N： older sister
BF： younger sister
N: younger sister
N： sister
BF: peel, skin, strip, fleece
BF： peel, skin, strip, fleece
V： exploit, fleece
N： exploitation
VO： suffer exploitation, be exploited, get fleeced
5.压漉）yā
压力y0
BF： press down on, repress, suppress, compress, oppress, pressure
N： pressure
6.
BF： prod, rushj press, force
V： oppress
N: oppression
VO： suffer oppression, be oppressed
7.被 bèi
CV： (indicator of passive voice)
被打死3
板他打死5
bèi dasile
bèi tā dasīle
quán shìjiè bèi yāpò rénmin
be killed
be killed by him
all the oppressed people of the world
8.赶建）gan
V： drive (cattle, etc.), chase, rush BF： in a hurry, quickly
赶快 gánkuài 赶出ganchū
A： hurry and...
RC： drive out
9.选 GB) xuan V： select, choose； vote for, elect
被选? èixuan be selected or elected
10.席(藁)
xí BF： woven mat ； seat ； spread (of food at
a banquet, etc.)
zhuxí N： chairman
共产党 gòngchandang
电虱£ zhongguo 共产党 gòngchandang 茧命党g'mingdZng
尚,B danevuán
N： (political) party
N： communist party
Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
N： revolutionary party
N： party member
12.幸 xìng
xìngkuī* búxìng
BF： lucky, fortunate, happy；'fortune, happiness, well-being
A： fortunately
SV： unfortunate
MA： unfortunately
N： misfortune
13.福 fú
BF： blessings, good fortune
xìngfú SV： happy (blessed with good fortune)
N： good fortune, well-being, happiness
xìngfú shěnghuó a good life, a happy life, a life blessed with good fortune
Translations of the Usage Exampl6s
a. The Chinese people have now become the masters of their country.
b. Under the leadership of brave squad leader Wang, we quickly defeated the Japanese troops.
c. As hard as he works, it 3s no wonder he Ts gotten sick (from overwork).
4. Hef s always trying to fleece people.
6, In the old society, the common people of China were subjected to economic exploitation and political oppression.
7. As fluent in English as Comrade Xia is, itT s no wonder he? s being sent to Peking as an interpreter.
8. He chased the horseCs) out of the garden.
9. The purpose of their meeting today is to select a comrade to be leading cadre.
10. Comrade Mao leads us from victory to victory.
After the death of Chairman Mao, Comrade Hua Guofeng was chosen to be Chairman.
11. The army, under the leadership of the Party, wholeheartedly serves the people.
12. Unfortunately, his sisters were both/all drowned by the flood waters.
13. In our happiness we should always remember Chairman Mao.3
All the Chinese people enjoy a good life in the new society.
语法 Yúfǎ Grammar
1)"跟----'样"can be used as the predicate as well as the
attributive or the adverbial adjunct. It is negated by，不乙“不少 can be placed either before .跟“or before “一样力.E.g.
他的字典跟你的一样。
我要买一架跟你那架一样的收音机。 我的衣服跟你的衣服不一样长。
这个词的意思不跟那个词一样。
这个电影机跟那个一样不一样？
2) Besides sentences which are passive in sense (though not expressed in form), there is a kind of passive sentence shown by prepositions *被”，“让”，《叫" etc. called the ”被》sentence. The word order is as follows:
让
receiver of the action----被----actor----verb----other element
叫
This kind of passive sentence is used only when the speaker wants to stress the passive relation between the subject and the verb.“被》is mostly used in a more formal language while “让》 and “叫"in the spoken language.
An auxiliary verb or a word of negation must be placed in front of “被” etc. E.g,
他被同志们选做人民代表了。
墙上的画儿要让风刮下来于。
Where it is not possible (or unnecessary) to mention the actor, the latter may be represented by “人”° In such cases '被" can even do without the actor and is followed immediately by the verb. E.g.
那本杂志没有叫人借去。
他被选做人民代表了。
In older usage a "被sentence was generally limited to something disagreeable, but such a limitation tends to disappear in present-day usage. But even in present-day usage there is still a shade of difference in meaning between a sentence with “被"and one without «被》。Eg
我们说的话让他听见了。(这些话是不应该让 他听见的。What we said ought not to have been heard by him.)
我们说的话他听见了。(可以只是说明事实如此。
It's a plain fact that he heard what we said.)
3) “受"is a verb wiiich has a strongly stressed passive sense. E.g.
解放以前劳动人民受剥削受压迫，解 放以后成了国家的主人。
我们的代表团受到了中国人民的欢迎。
4) Comparison in Chinese is expressed by the preposition
“上匕乙 The general formula is:
A----比--B---the difference in comparison.
E.g.
他比你高吗？
他不比我高。
他们比我了解学校的情况。 我朋友说中文比我流利得多。 这本书比那本书浅多了。 那座楼比这座楼高三米。 她今天来得比昨天晚一点儿。
Sometimes, «早力 &晚》 or 口多力，《少》 etc. can be placed in front of the verb as the adverbial adjunct, while the difference of comparison is put after the verbal construction. E.g.
他比我早来一会儿。
我们比他们少学一课。
We can also use «一天比一天》or “一年比一年"etc. as the adverbial adjunct to show the continuous change of things with the passage of time. E.g.
我们的生活一年比一年好。
Moreover, “有》and《泾有"can also be used to show comparison: «A---有*'---B---这么(那么) 图》，means thut taking
B as standard, A has come up to B5s height. This kind of comparison is more often used in the negative form. E.g.
我弟弟有他那么高了。
她没有我高。
我唱歌没有他唱得好。
Lesson 27A (EC 61)
_、范句 Fànja Models
(-)
L我的练习本子跟他的不 一样。
2我们在这儿就跟在自己 家里一样。
3 .我想买一枝跟你那枝 一样的钢笔。
4 .他跟你一样特别喜欢听 音乐。
5 .他说中文说得跟中国人 才样流利0
(二)
6到公社去劳动，是受锻炼
的好机会。
7・地上的雪被风刮得一点儿 也没有了。
8.那个受重伤的战士 叫
白求恩大夫救活 了。
9.那些唱片让人借走 了。
1。•侵略军都被赶出去 了。
以困难一定都会被我们克服
的。
12.这种新产品非常受欢迎。
（三）
13.这个老工人的实践经验比 我们多。
14.他是北京人，比我更了解 北京的情况。
15.他走得比我快得多。
16他的字写得比我好 一点儿。
第一班的学生比第二班少 三个。
18.今年这个工厂的生产水平 比去年提高了 很多。
19.这个工厂没有那个工厂大。
20.这课的课文不比那谏难。
21•天气一天比一天暖和 了。
22 .这些树一年比一年高，已经
比这座楼高好多 了。
23 .他比我们多学了 两年中文。
24 .我们学得比他们少，我们 比他们少学很多汉字。
25 .他们比我们早来了 十分钟。
26 .我 今天 比 昨天 晚 起了 一刻钟。
二、课文 Kèwén Text
我的家
我家在上海。家里有爸爸、
|
妈妈，还有哥哥、 |
姐姐 |
和妹妹， |
|
一共六个人。 我爸爸是工人。 |
解放 |
以前，他 |
|
跟别的 工人 一^样, |
受 |
剥削，受 |
|
压迫，生活非常苦 |
o 他 |
每天要 |
|
在工厂 劳动十六七个 |
小时。有 | |
|
一次，我爸爸累病 |
了，没钱治， | |
|
病一天比一天重， |
最后 |
被赶出了 |
|
工厂。那时候，妈妈 |
在 |
另外一个 |
工厂劳动，一年冬天，也被打 得病了 好几个月。
解放 了，劳动人民做了 国家的 主人。我爸爸被大家选做工厂
的领导干部，但是他每天还跟 工人一起劳动。他的 身体比 以前好多 了。
姐姐今年二十四岁，她大学毕业 以后就到一个公社去工作了。 哥哥没有姐姐大，他去年参加了 解放军。妹妹比我小两岁，她跟 我一样，都上中学。她在学习上 进步比我快。
爸爸、妈妈常常给我们讲解放 以前的事。他们说：“现在咱们 生活一天比一天好。你们要 记住：没有毛主席和中国共产党 的领导，就不会有今天的幸福 生活」
Lesson 28
New Words with Old Characters
a.瑶化 Jk it^qinghuá dàxué
yR十人于
N： Tsinghua University (in Peking)
b.
座谈 zuòtán
座诙会 zuòtánhuì
N: group discussion
N： conference, seminar
-理论 lilùn
N: theory Att: theoretical
theory and practice scientific theory
N： theorist t theoretician
4Ì手里论?上z才i liiùnshang 理论* 口实践 lilùn he shíjiàn
in theory, theoretically
科学理论kēxu0 lílùn N：'
理论家 lílùnjiā
d.
买验 shíy^n N：
弄斗学多苞XUgshíyàn N： 迸行实验Xng shíyàn VO：
实验知识shiyàn zhíshi N：
experiment, test
scientific experiment "
conduct an experiment, carry out a test
experimental knowledge
实验军 shíyànshì N： laboratory
e. 当 .dang V： be, act as, serve asr play théfc role
刁 of
当 主 zhuxí VO： serve as chairman
f. M yìjian N: opinion, view, personal theory or idea
New Characters and Words
1.
除 chú V：
CV：
除了…以夕卜
chúle...yīwài*
weed out, eradicate, exterminate, get rid of (pests, obstacles, etc.) aside from, besides, in addition to aside from, apart from, in addition to, besides
2.既 其
跳…且…jL..q盍…
既…又…jL..ybu...
既高且大 jì gào qie dà 既勘劳其9ínlf°.
(热 7 yourexin
BF： finish, finished； already, once... having..., since..・, given..•
not only...but also..., both...and ...as well as...
not only...but also..., both...and..., ...as well as...
big and tall
not only industrious, but enthusiastic as well
在咋天的座谈会上,我们既讨论了增 近生产的问题，又决定了解决的方法
3.
pèi
zhuāngpèi
V： match, mate, fit together
SV： fit, a good match
V： assemble (put together)
N: assembly
Jhi 厂 zhuāngpèi chang N： assembly plant (or shop) 狄仪:住间)(or chējiān)
这个车间里有四个工人,他们现在正
4.
zhi
才冒着zhizhe* 指 ífì 泵zhichu(lai) 指享zhIdSo 匚手指 shouzhi
BF： finger
V： point at, indicate, refer to
V： pointing at, referring to
RC： point out
V： guide, direct
N: guidance, direction
N: finger
5i 围(圉) wéi BF： surround, encircle, gather around
@多 wéizhe V： surrounding, encircling, gathered
% around
taifēng
táibei
jiangtái zhùxítái diàntái
guangbo diàntái
ji
■1 d
》e
b
u gi
va
gb
-O
Vital Jiqi
BF: tall flat structure： tower, raised platform, stage, terrace, table； typhoon
M： piece of machinery or equipment
N： typhoon
N： Taipei
N： speaker1s platform, rostrum
N： chairmanf s podium
N: radio station
N： radio broadcasting station
N： Radio Peking
N： a piece of machinery or equipment, a machine, an engine
7. 烈 liè BF: fierce, fiery, ardent
4^ ^U rèliè SV： warm, cordial, exuberant
“八、A： warmly, cordially, exuberantly
社里的领导干部近来跟我们热烈迫 援中说「欢迎俏门来访问红星火火的 溢隼浆配厂」
8.研（研） yán
9.究 jiū
初Í究 yánjiu*
BF： grind into fine powder； scrutinize, examine, inspect
BF： take to the end, get to the bottom of, investigate, inquire, search
V： go deeply into, study, do research on
N： research
10.计 jì
jìhua*
zhidao jìhua jìsuàn
shè jì
BF: plan, reckon, calculate
V/N: plan
N： master plan I
V： calculate
N: calculation
V： design, work outr lay out
N： design
11.总（献畿 zong
定是 息计划
总结
zongshi* zong jìhua zongjié
忌结报名 zongjié bàogào
jīngyàn
V： add together, sum up
A： always
BF： general, overall, main, head, chief
A： always
N： overall plan, master plan |
V： sum up
N: summary
N： concluding report （of a committee, etc.）
VO： sum up experiences
12.而
ér
BF: and, and thus, and yet, but, while on the other hand, whereas
而 érqie
MA: and also, and then too, moreover,
furthermore
不但…而且〜 búdàn.•, érqie...
not only...but also...
13.深
shēn
深 绿shēnlù* 深刻sg混
SV： deep (lit. or fig.)
N: dark green
SV： deep, profound A: deeply, profoundly
14.象
xiang
N：
SV：
妗索 haoxiàng* gp ^yìnxiang 嚼不印象 liúxia yìnxiang VO：
：MA：
N：
likeness, picture, portrait, statue (of a person)； elephant
alike j similar, close in appearance or nature
resemble, look like, seem, appear to be； such as
seem, appear to be
impression (lit. imprinted picture)
leave an impression, make an impression
15.取
qu
V： fetch, take out, get, pick up (things, not people)
VO：
withdraw money, make a withdrawl
VO：
RC：
pick
take
get, win
something up (at a store, etc.)
out, withdraw
obtain, gain, acquire, attain,
win (through struggle)
Translations of the U§age Examples
b・ It took three days of group discussions to solve the problem.
c. Without practice there is no theory. (or) If it weren* t for practice, there would be no theory.
We must unite theory with practice.
d. There were several students in the lab doing experiments on animals.
e・ He served as instructor of applied science at Tsinghua University.
f. Your idea is okay theoretically, but...
What are your views? (or) Do you have any suggestions?
1. No one else but him is fit to serve as chairman.
2. At yesterdayfs conference we discussed the problem of how to increase production, and also decided on a solution.
3. There are four workers in this shop, and they are just now assembling a new automobile.
4. She does guidance work at the night school for women workers.
5. Some students were gathered around a worker, listening attentively to his account of conditions in the old society.
6. This piece of equipment is too heavy, I canT t move it by myself. ■ ■■ .. ■■ ■ ■.
7. The leading cadre in the commune came over and, shaking hands with us warmly, said, nWe1d like to welcome you on your visit to the Red Star Brigade fs automobile assembly plant."
10. They1 re now designing a new kind of farming implement that not only-does planting but fertilizing as well.
11. My oldest girl never obeys, I donT t know what to do.
Before concluding the conference, the chairman summed up the experiences and ideas of all the comrades.
12. He is uneducated and doesn1t take his work seriously.
13. After reading that history book, I had a profound understanding of how hard life was for peasants in the old society.
14. 11ve seen that movie, but it didnft leave much of an impression.
15. May you win even greater victories!
Teachers and students at Tsinghua University put up wall posters criticizing the revisionist line of the capitalist-roaders in the Party.
An exhibition on the revolution in education at Tsinghua University shows the good results in teaching, production and scientific research. It graphically rebuts revisionist absurdities spread in the field of education.
■■I
清华
Students of Tsinghua University and a worker examine the gantry crane they designed and built at the Changping Bridge Girder Factory during their “open-door" training.
Worker, peasant and soldier students of the welding speciality of the mechanical engineering department in Tsinghua University, together with workers of the Peking Chemical Engineering Construction Company, succeeded in welding steel parts used in low temperature.
语法 Yfifá Grammar
1) “还" is a very useful adverb. It can mean:
(1) Even to this or that time:
我还没看报呢。
十点了，他还在工作。
(2) In addition to:
那个电影我还想看一次。
我买了一本字典，还买了一张地图。
昨天去看电影的,有学生，还有老师。
(3) In a greater degree, with about the same meaning as ”更々
他写汉字比你写得还整齐。
今天比昨天还暖和。
2)“除了 …以外” often indicates a single exception, and is generally accompanied by etc.; when, as sometimes is the case, the structure does not indicate a single exception, it is generally accompanied by。也。还”，《又“etc. In both cases, “以外” can be omitted. Compare the sentences in each of the following pairs:
除了翻译(以外)，别的练习他都作了。
He*s done all ine exercises with the exception of translation.
除了翻译(以外)，别的练习他也作了。
He's done the other exercises besides the translation-
他除了晚上(以外)，别的时候都不在 家。
He's not at home except in the evening.
他除了晚上(以外)，下午也在家。
He's at home in the afternoon as well as in tùe evening.
3) * 就“ is another very useful adverb.
(1) It may indicate soon or early, and there may be an adverbial adjunct of time in front of it. E. g.
你等一会儿，我就来。
就要下雨了，你不要出去了。
他们昨天就学完这一课了。
一会儿就吃饭了，吃完饭再去吧。
a就》can also denote immediately after. E. g.
他回到宿舍就睡了。
我们下了课就去锻炼。
(2) It may indicate limitations, same as “只》.E. g.
我就学了半年中文。
现在我们就讲到这儿，明天再讲。
(3)'就" when used in a complex sentence:
① Sometimes it shows that what goes before is the condition, and ”要是“ can be omitted. E. g.
今天下午不下雨，我们就出去，下雨就
不出去。
你懂了吗？不懂，我就给你再讲一遍。
② Sometimes it shows that what goes before is the cause and “因为》can be omitted. E. g.
他觉得有点儿累，就坐下来休息了一 会儿。
他觉得那种字典很好，就给他朋友也 买了 一本。
Lesson 28A (EC 62)
范旬 Fànjù Models
㈠
1•我们学习中文虽然有了 一些 成绩，但是还要不断努力C
2.代表团 参观了 不 少 工厂、
学校， 还访问了 一些人民 公社。
3♦我今天下午去看了个朋友， 回来以后还写了 两封信。
4这个 电影 比那个 电影还 受欢迎。
（二）
5•在清华大学我们除了 参加 座谈会（以外），还参观了 那里 的实验室和工厂。
6•除了 我（以外），他也没看过 那个电影。
7.除了 他（以外），宿舍没有 别的人 了。
8•除了 两个同学病了不能来
（以外），大家都来 了。
（三）
9.毕业以后，他就到 ,机器制造厂 去工作了。
1。・我到了 北京就给你们写 信。
11•你不出去就把自行车借 我骑一下儿。
12.张同志很忙，我们在他 家坐了 一会儿就出来 了。
13.《沙家浜》我就看过一次。
14.那个博物馆我就参观过一次, 还想再去一次。
（四）
15.参加座谈会的，既有学生, 又有教师和干部。
16.他们的宿舍既干净，又整齐。
清华大学座陵会
（五）
17.我们的工厂里不但工人参加 劳动，干部也参加劳动。
18.天安门我不但 而且还去过。
在照片上看过，
19.我朋友不但热情地帮助我 学习，而且还非常关心我 的生活。 *
2。.这些汉字我们不但会念， 而且会写。
二、课文 Kèwén Text
参观清华大学
上星期我们参观了 清华大学。 到了 学校，我们先跟教师和学生 进行了 座谈，了解到不少学生本来 是工人、农民或解放军。病本关学 还办了一些工厂。学生除了 学习 理论以外，还经常在工厂实践 和参加劳动。座谈以后，我们就 开始参观了。
我们先看了 几个实验室，又 参观了 学校的工厂。这些工厂既 能帮助学生很好地解决理论 和 实践结合 的 问题，又能生产 一些新 产品。在汽车 制造厂 的 f
装配车间里，我们看到学生正在 教师和工人的指导下，装配一辆 汽车。在 另外一个车间里，几个 学生 和教师, 工人.正围着.一台机器 热烈地讨论。那台机器,是学生 跟教师、工人一起研究、设计南， 他们正在总结 经验。
我们问一位老教师：“你当 老师已经很多年 了 吧?”
他说：“已经三十多年 了。但是 我还应该好好儿地向学生学习。 他们不但是我的学生，而且在 很多方面也是我的老师。”
这位教师的话给我们留下了 深刻的印象。
参观结束 了，清华大学的同志 请我们把意见留下来，我们都 说：“祝你们取得更大的成绩」
科学实验
Lesson 29
New Words with Old Characters
a.
fé）而 xiàngyáng
［向 F日（^Ú>xiàngyánghuār
何加佥氏Xi黑蠹！ &
八彳工
BF:
N：
rénmin
facing the sun； sunny side
sunflower |
Sunnyside People Ts Commune
b.
成立 chénglì
V： found, establish, set up, form； stand on one Ts own, stand on its own
C.
bùf en
大野分1 àbùfen
N/M： part, portion, section
A： in part, partially
N： the most part, the greater part, the bulk, most
A: for the most part, mostly
d.
前进 qiánjin
V： advance, forge ahead, press forward
gēng
自力更生zNligHngsh苞ng
BF： change, exchange, replace, alternate, rotate, go on to the next
self-reliance (lit. make a new life through one*s own efforts-refers to the policy of relying on ChinaT s own efforts rather than depending on help from other nations)
牝总是谈到自力更生，可是不能把它 发我「一发生困唯，他就要别人的辇
New Characters and.Words
1.库
kù
BF: storage place or building, storehouse, warehouse, depot, treasury, repository, vault
2.靠
3.
N: airplane hangar
N： military munitions dump
N： reservoir
kào
SV：
yi
BF：
V：
lean on, rely on, depend on； draw near, stay near, be near； veer toward, keep to, bear
reliable, dependable
lean on, rely on； draw near, stay near, be near； follow, obey, comply with； according to
lean on, depend on, rely on
4.
•，
JI
BF：
collect, assemble, gather
5.
集体jit工 集彳本生焉jit工shēnghuó 集体领导£琦língdao 集森利盘九:a 集体主义Ktízhì1yi
iti lingdao
BF:
N:
N：
collective
collective
collective
N： collective
life, collective living
leadership
interests
N: collectivism
hui
BF：
wise, clever, intelligent
N:
N：
wisdom
collective wisdom
6. 量 liáng V： measure, calculate
£雨饮酒力 一 _
liàng .
簟 zhòngliàng
yuliàng fànliàng jiuliàng lìliàng
BF: amount or measure of something
N: weight
N： (amount of) rainfall
N： capacity for food
N: capacity for drink
N： strength, power, effort
7,灌
guan
guànyin
V： pour (fluid into something)； record (sound, music, etc.)
VO： record, make a recording
8.溉
BF：
water, irrigate
V： water, irrigate
9 . ± tú N： earth, soil, dirt, dust
土 地 tùdì
N： land, ground
10 .沟(港)
gou
N: ditch, gutter, trench, canal, channel
N： gulch, gully, draw, stream or
11 .粮(检 Hang
匚军根Jūnliáng 粮食 liZngshi
BF： grain, foodstuffs, provisions N: (military) rations
N： grain, staple foods, foodstuffs, provisions
12.援
yuan
支木爰zh”u£n
BF： pull, up, prop up； support, aid
V/N: support, aid
中国人民派L列禁沌了药品和粮食 白勺:火车去何内(Hanoi)支才羡南(Vietnam)人民
13.
扬(揭、敷)yang
BF：
raise, elevate, bring to light
发扬f“€ng
V:
bring to light, call attention to, manifest, display, spread, promote, foster
发扬…样神⑶小 .jīngshen
exhibit a spirit of...
运位海军荚雄发扬了毫不利乙专门利 飞电精神救j水里的同志ÍÍ1结果快 要淹死的人都救济比
14.艰爆)
jiān
BF： difficult； difficulty
N： adversity, hardship
Att： arduous, strenuous, intense, painstaking, bitter
经过1长时期的艰苦劳砌工人in终 于把水库完成
15.奋港)
fen
BF：
rise (to (oneself excited)
the occasion), rouse to action)； roused, spirited, energetic
ió.4(n;^,m)dSu
BF：
fight, strive, struggle
fèndòu
fight, strive, struggle
wèi...fèndou
又艮苦奋斗
jiānku fèndòu
fight for..., strive for..., struggle for...
arduous struggle； struggle in the face of adversity
我们奋斗的目的是要酵放全世界被 度的人民。
17.梯
tī
BF： stairs, steps
楼梯 loutī*
N： stairs, stairway
18.
tian .
N:
field, farmland
19.
庄侬）
20.
21.
22.
23.
田里，tiánlī
种田 zhòngtián
梯田tītián
N：
VO:
N:
(in) the fields
farm (lit. plant fields)
terraced fields
那座山啷儿都是石头，可是农民发扬 了愚公移力的精神,自力更生，搬走b %大修成了梯田。
zhuāng
匚村庄 cūnzhuāng
• •、
Jia
ngjia
村庄稼Zh3 ng zhuāngjia
丰（瞿）
BF: farming communityj farm, farmhouse； inn； solemn, serious, stern
N: farming village, settlement
BF： crops
N： crops
VO: plant crops, farm
这决土地没办法濯溉，料上庄稼没 南道理。
feng
BF: abundant, rich
丰（富）
彳,彳 田 fēngchántián
T肥灌溉以后那公什么都不长的土 地就变成：本产回
fengfu*
SV： abundant, rich
N: high-yield farmland
轻獭）
q工ng
华拴1 ianqing
qmg
SV： light； trifling, insignificant A: lightly, with little regard
SV： young
SV: the color of luxuriant vegetation： rich green or blue； youthful
者 qīngnián
J妹林想参加关广主义青年团 人人都觉得青年时期太福b。
N: youth (lit. the green years) Att: youthful, young
24 。 贡 gong BF： contribute
25 .献（JtO xiàn BF: givej present, offer
v\ wlilf gòngxiàn V： contribute
火 的N , N: contribution
26 .继（畿） jì BF: continue
27 .续旗） xù
BF: continue
继缪"x心（Kxu）
V： continue, keep on
A: continually, continuously
Translations of the Usage Examples
b. New China was founded in 1949.
Your theory won't hold up.
c. Our work is still partly incomplete.
He spends the bulk of his time studying English. （or） Most of his time is devoted to learning English.
d. The world revolution is now going forward.
e. He always talks about self-reliance, but he can't put it into practice； whenever a difficult situation arises, he wants help from others.
1. The reservoir is frozen over now； you can go ice skate on it.
3. We all depend on the Chairman to lead us forward.
4. Cadres must actively take part in collective productive labor.
5. Relying on their collective wisdom, the Chinese people constructed the Great Hall of the People.
6. Unity is strength.
Rainfall has been very light for the last several months, and the reservoir"is now less than half-full.
8. Most of the water from the reservoir is used for irrigation.
9. This ground is too dry； it has to be watered at once.
10. That draw only has water in the springtime.
That plot of land at the base of the mountain is dependent on water from the gully for irrigation.
11. This year our commune produced a lot more foodstuffs than last year.
12. The Chinese people sent a train loaded with medical supplies and foodstuffs to Hanoi in support of the people of Vietnam.
13. This naval hero, displaying a spirit of altruism, went to the rescue of his comrades in the water, and as a result those who came near drowning were saved.
14. After a prolonged period of strenuous labor, the workers finally completed work on the reservoir.
16. The object of our struggle is to liberate all the oppressed people of the world.
18. That mountain was covered with rocks, but the peasants exhibited the spirit of Sir Stupid who moved mountains, relying on their own efforts to clear away the rocks and build terraces.
20. ThereTs no way to irrigate this plot of land； it would be senseless to plant crops here (to farm here).
21. After fertilizing and irrigating, that barren land became high-yield farmland.
23. Little sister plans to join the Communist Youth League.
Everyone feels that the days of youth are too short.
25. We hope to be able to make even greater contributions to socialist construction.
They all contributed their own wisdom and effort.
27. He111 just have to keep at it.
Continue to make revolution, continue to press forward!
We must strive constantly and unceasingly to support socialist construction.
青年工人
团结公社向阳大队新党员
语法 Yìífá Grammar
1) «半》，when used together witn a measure word, may take two possible positions:
(1) It is placed in front of a measure word or a noun which serves as a measure word at the same time, just like any other numeral. E.g. «半天》「半年半个月》「半个小时”「半斤糖力etc.
(2) If there is a whole number before it,，半“must be placed after the measure word or the noun which serves as a measure word at the same time. E. g. “两个半月”，，五年半”，。一斤半糖”, «三个半小时力etc.
When “半” is used by itself, we must say “一半儿汽 E.g. 这本书我没有看完，刚看了一半儿。 这些信封，我要一半儿，给你一半儿吧。 这枝铅笔一半儿是红的，一半儿是蓝 的。
2) Interrogative pronouns are sometimes used non-interroga-tively. The following are some of these usages:
(1) They are used to take the place of any persons or things, often accompanied by “都》or。也4 E.g.
谁都想参观那个工业展览会。
我们什么困难也不怕。
(2) They are used to taKe the place of some definite persons or things, mostly in complex sentences. The interrogative pronoun must be repeated in the main clause and is usually accompanied by «就汽E.g.
大家觉得怎么做好,就怎么做吧。
你什么时候方便，我就什么时候去找 你。
哪个词合适就用哪个词。
为了建设社会主义新中国，我们有多少 力量就贡献多少力量。
(3) They take the place of the persons or things which one finds impossible to point out or needn't be pointed out. E.g.
我记得谁跟我说过这件事。
我们到什么地方去散散步吧。
(4) Sometimes they are used in negative sentences, to show moderation. E.g.
今天不去没有什么关系。
我不怎么会中文。
学校里没有多少人了，都去参观展览会 了。
知识青年
Lesson 29A (EC 63)
—,范句 Fànjù Models
㈠
L我们 今天参观 人民 公社, 半天就可以回来。
2-他离开首都已经两个半月 了。
3.这些干部在农村劳动了 一年半。
4•练习我刚作了 一半儿，晚上 还要接着作。
，这课课文前一半儿比较容易， 后一半儿有一点儿难。
(-)
6我们全家谁都热爱集体， 热爱劳动。
7-这种字典，哪个书店都能 买到。
8.你明天什么时候来找我 都可以。
9.哪里有困难，我们就到哪里 去 o ,，
9谁 了解那个地方的情况， 我们就请谁介绍介绍。
1L这个句子我不会分析，想 找谁问问。
12 .你能不能借我一本什么 中文书看看？
13 .我们昨天 回来得很 晚， 街上已经没多少人了。
14 .春天还没到，树还不 怎么绿呢。
15 .今天 的 信 已经送来 了， 咱们班没有几封。
二，课文 Kèwén Text 参观人民公社
今天我们去参观了 向阳人民 公社。我们一下车，公社的同志 就走过来欢迎我们，热情地跟 我们握手。
我们先参观了 一个介绍公社 历史 的展览。从 展览堂 出来， 我们 就去参观公社 的 水库。 这个水库 是一九五八年公社 成立 以后修建的。社员们依靠 集体 的智慧和力量，只用了 半年多 的时间就把它修成 了。现在 这个水库的水可以灌溉公社 的大部分 土地。
参观完水库，我们又到了 “向阳 沟”。四年以前，这里还是什么 都不长的“石头沟”。为了 多 生产 粮食， 支援 社会主义 建设, 社员们 发扬了 自力更生，艰苦奋斗 的精神，搬走了 山沟里的石头， 修起了 梯田，种上了 庄稼。他们 苦 干了两个冬天，把“石头沟”变成了 为社会主义服务的丰产田。
从“向阳沟”回来，我们去访问了 几位社员。社员们告诉我们，公社 的生产一年比一年提高，大家 的生活也一天比一天好。一位 老大爷对我们说：“解放以前，我 连想也没有想到能有今天 这样的生活。我今年七十岁 了，
|
可是觉得 |
自己还 |
很年轻，我还 |
|
要再活 |
几十年 |
呢!” 一位青年 |
|
社员接着 |
说：“为了 |
建设社会主义 |
|
新农村， |
谁都想 |
把自己所有 |
|
的力量 |
贡献出来。 |
但是，我们做 |
|
得还很 |
不够， |
还有很多 |
|
工作要 |
做，我们 |
要继续努力， |
|
不断前进C |
) |
公社社员发扬红军艰苦奋斗的革命精神，搬石造田。
马头口大队修建的梯田。
Lesson 30
New Words with Old Characters
a.
工工 £nzh^ng
N： company commander (see Lesson 26, item d.)
b.
C. 1个又一个yig2 you yígè
d. — yígègè one by one, one at a time
• ' （contraction of 一 个 一 ）
one after the other
New Characters aJid Words
1.转懒）
zhuan
zhuanyí
V： turn, revolve, rotate, transfer, relay, forward
V： shift (position or direction), transfer, move, relocate
2 .娃 wá
海娃h”
3 .游(黝 you
潞(泳^y6uy3ng*
4 .击律) jī
游击队yóujīdui
BF： baby, doll
N： Haiwa (boyTs name)
BF： swim, float, drift, roam
V: swim
BF： hit, strike, attack
N： guerrillas, guerrilla band (lit. floating strike force)
游击队员 youjīduìyuán
我叔本又是游去队员
N： guerrilla (member of a guerrilla band)
|
5.替 |
tì |
CV： for (in place of) |
|
6・羊 |
yang |
N： sheep (M：只) |
|
才攵羊fàngyáng |
VO： graze sheep |
7.据(ÍÍ)
jù
BF： take, grasp, seize, take by force, appropriate, occupy
V： relying on, based on, according to
A： they say (lit. according to talk) ~1
8.鬼
N： stronghold
N： spirit, ghost, ghoul, devil
N： devil (derogatory term for foreigners)
N： foreign devil
V： rob, plunder, take by force, pillage
10.突
tū
突为tùchu tūrán
BF： protrude sharply, stick out or poke through abruptly； sudden, abrupt
RC： protrude sharply, stick out
SV： sudden, abrupt
MA： suddenly, all of a sudden
11.藏 cáng
V： hide, hoard, collect, store up
zàng
BF： safexhiding place, vault, cache, collection, storehouse, repository (of books, religious lore, etc.)
匚西藏xíz才ng 藏起来 cángqilai
N：
RC：
12.尾 wei
匚尾部泥面
BF： tail
N： tail section (of an airplane)
13.巴 bā
bāxi
bānáma
weiba
BF： stick or attach to； an appendage； used in transliteration
N： Brazil
N： Panama
N： tail
14.
15.搜(蒐)
sou
BF： search
EKl soushēn 搜到 ^SchSai 搜出来
VO： search the body, frisk ~|
RC： recover, turn up, find (in a search)
16.群售）qún
羊方羊y£ngq£n 路上有许
M： flock, herd, group, crowd
N： a flock of sheep
17.众（聚）zhòng
群众 qunzhòng 革命璘•众 gémìng qunzhòng /火群众 guangdà qunzhòng 广 大^人guangdà renmín 解次 qunzhòng
舜众运到 qunzhòng yùndòng 符—革命要依靠人民群众.
正能的领导必须是乂群众中来,到 群众中去」
我4Ì1的同志不要以为自己了解了的东 西,广农群众也行自乙一样郁§麟，
资多时候广大群众跑到我们的前次 去"我们的同志不能做广大群众 的领导者.
N：
N：
N:
N：
N：
18.眼
yán
且艮（睛）y^njing*
眼（锚流3*）* yankàn
19.急
（Note：
numerous； multitudes, masses
the masses
the revolutionary masses
the broad masses
the broad masses pf the people
mass movement
BF: eye
N： eye （M：只）
N： eyeglasses （M：喜”fù）
A： at any moment, just on the verge of
• ♦
Ji
着急 Zháojí*
BF： under pressure, anxious, worried； pressed, hurried, urgent, critical
VO: get excited, become upset
SV： worried, anxious
in
this compound,着
is now pronounced with a rising tone.）
thunder； (explosive) mine
thunder
thunder and lightning
land mine
torpedo
一个；眼看就要下雨
21 .喊 han V： shout, yell, call out
22 .枪（檐、婚 qi^ng
4"枪 shouqiāng
_ 步枪 bMiEng kāiqiāng
放他 fàngqiāng
N： gun, firearm (M：不支)
N： handgun, pistol
N： rifle
VO： fire, shoot, open fire
VO： fire, shootj open fire
一看见日本启于向我开枪，我马上蹒 进沟里，躺在水里丰天才出来。
23.倒
dāo
dào
倒下来 daoxialai
4T倒11初才。
dàochě
dàochá*
dào(shi)*
V： fall over, topple
V： turn over, invert, reverse, pour (by inverting container)
RC： fall down
RC： bring down, topple, overthrow
(a regime), Down with.e.1
VO: back up, reverse (an automobile)
VO： pour tea
A: and yet, on the contrary
|
24.醒 xīng |
V： |
recover consciousness, come to, |
|
wake、up | ||
|
两星j谴。xing* |
RC： |
awaken |
|
t^^^xīng(guo)lai |
RC： |
wake up, come to |
|
25・消 xiāo |
BF： |
melt, disolve, disperse, break down, |
|
consumej digest | ||
|
26.灭(潮 miè |
BF： |
extinguish, exhaust, destroy |
|
^肖灵4 xiWomi咨 |
V： |
wipe out, annihilatej do away with, |
|
exterminate, eradicate, destroy, |
stamp out '
Translations of the Usage Examples
b・ With the company commander leading the way, the entire company advanced on Wangcun.
c. He ate one after another, and the pastries quickly disappeared.
d. One by one, the sailors jumped into the water.
1. By the time the PLA troops entered the village, the Japanese forces had long since moved to a new location.
4. My uncle is a guerrilla.
6. There were (are) several children grazing sheep east of the village.
7. According to the company commander's report, the Japanese army has a stronghold at the foot of the mountain.
8. I hear he's afraid of ghosts.
He always drinks too much, so everyone calls him "lush” (lit. booze devil).
9. The Japanese devils seized a lot of grain.
He snatched my letter away.
10. The sun was still out just moments ago, and all of a sudden it started raining.
11. The devils are comingj Hurry up and hide the money!
13. The part of an animal that sticks out in back is called the tail.
14. The devils not only seized grain supplies, but killed a number of sheep as well. 、
15. You can breathe easy--they searched for a long time and didn't turn up a thing.
16. There were a lot of military vehicles waiting on the road for a flock of sheep to cross.
17. The revolution must rely on the masses of the people. (—Mao)
Correct leadership must come from the masses and go to the masses.
(—Mao ) .
Our comrades must not assume that everything they themselves understand is equally understood by the broad masses. (--Mao)
Oftentimes the broad masses have taken the lead, and our comrades have been unable to act as leaders of the broad masses. (一一Mao)
18. WeTll win any time now (victory is imminent).
20. Itfs been thundering constantly； any minute now it1s going to start raining.
21. The company commander called out to him, trBe careful not to step on a land mine!”
22・ When I saw the Japanese devils shooting at me, I immediately dived into a ditch, where I had to lie in the water for quite a while.
23・ Suddenly I heard shots ring out (the sound of gunfire), and saw a guerrilla collapse.
26. The aggressor forces were completely wiped out by our troops.
解放军战士、游击队员和人民群我
语法 Yì1fà Grammar
1) In cases where it is impossible to supply a subject or when the subject is indeterminate, a sentence may go without a subject. Such a sentence is called a asentence without a subject.” Such examples are most commonly met with:
(1) Those dealing with the weather and other natural phenomena. E.g.
下雪呢。
要刮风了 O
(2) Those pivotal sentences with “有力or a是" as the first verb. E.g.
古时候有个老人叫愚公。
是谁给我打的电话？
(3) Those whose subjects are indeterminate. E.g,
要学好外文，必须多说多练。
有了全心全意为人民服务的精神，就 能克服困难，做好工作。
2) Apart from showing the direction of the action, some of the compound directional complements have some extended usages. The following are the usages of three of them:
(1) “起来” indicates:
① The beginning of an action and its continuation. If there is an object, it must be inserted between "起》and "来乙 E.g.
天气慢慢地暖和起来了。
他让我坐下以后，就跟我谈起话来。
② Concentration or concealment. E.g.
团结起来，我们一定能取得更大的胜 利。
要下雨了，赶快把外边儿的糠食收起 来吧！
售货员同志把我买的那本书包起来 了。
（2）“过来” indicates:
Coming back to consciousness or normal conditions. E.g.
他昏迷了半天，才醒过来。
老师把我练习里的错字都改（正）过来 了。
（3）。下来“ sometimes shows:
A fixed state is to be made of something in order that it may not be forgotten, lost, taken away etc. E.g.
我的电话号码他写下来了。
我们把大家的意见记下来了。
这本书是他留下来给你的。
Compare:
送报的同志叫我把名字写下来。
我在新买的本子上写上了名字。
（We cannot say”把名字舄下来
3）“早就" means long ago or since a long time ago. E.g.
他早就懂了，不用再讲了。
我早就住在北京了。
我早就会骑自行车，不是现在学的。
4）女眼看》 indicates immediate future implying a tone of imminence, often accompanied by《耍…了》，《就耍…了”. E.g.
眼看就要上课了，你怎么还不快走！
眼看要下雨了，赶快把自行车搬进来
吧！
Lesson 30A (EC 64)
范句 Fànjù Models
（一）
L出太阳 了。
2 .下着雨呢。
3 .没有实践，就不 可能 有 正确的认识。
4 .有人敲门。
5 .有人在楼下找你，你赶快 去吧。
（二）
& 一 看完电影，大家就谈起看 电影的感想来 了。
Z我认识的中国朋友慢慢儿 地多起来 了。
8 .听了 他讲的故事，大家都
笑起来 了。
9 .这些照片我们都看完 了，
你收起来吧。
10-群众转移的时候，把粮食 都藏起木 了。
1L老师辅导以后，我们把练习里 的语法错误 都改（正）过来 io
12 .这本书是从英文翻译过来的。
（三）
13 .我听说你早就要来 了， 怎么今天才来？
14 .这个词我们早就学 了， 不是生词。
15 .我们眼看要毕业 了，应该
努力把中文学得更好。
16 .眼看这几座楼就要建成 了。
17 .我们等了 半天，他才来。
18 .他找了 好半天，才找到我 要的那本书。
战:「 --------
二〉课文 Kèwén Text 海娃送信
抗日战争的时候，有个孩子 叫海娃。他爸爸是游击队员。海娃 常常替游击队送信。
有一天，海娃正在放羊，爸爸 交给他一封 信，告诉 他 山下 4^点里的 日本 鬼子要出来抢
粮食 了，叫他第二天一定要把 信送到八路军张连长那里。
海娃马上 赶着 羊去送信。 正走着，突然发现日本鬼子已经 来 了。怎么办呢？——赶快把信 藏起来！这时候，他看见 那只 老 羊的尾巴很大，就把信藏在 老羊尾巴下边 了。
鬼子见了 海娃，就问：“村里有 没有八路军?快说，不 说，杀了 你!”海娃说:“我是放羊的，怎么
知道有 鬼子
什么也 他们带 走到
了。鬼子
没有八路军！ ”
在海娃身上
没有
路。
搜到，就
搜了 半天，
让海娃给
一个
不但 连吃的也 海娃 眼看 很着
村子, 抢 没
吃， 杀 对
不
有。
杀了 那只
鬼子
群众
到粮食，
他们 就
转移
而且
杀
一只又一只。 老羊了，海娃 说：“那是只
|
老 |
羊，又 |
有 |
病，不能 吃。”鬼子 |
|
才 |
把老 |
羊 |
放 了。 |
|
第二天， |
鬼子 |
又让海娃带他们 | |
|
到 |
另外 |
一个 |
村子 去。海娃赶着 |
|
羊 |
走在 |
前头， |
鬼子怕踩上 地雷， |
|
远远 地 |
跟在 |
后头。海娃知道山上 | |
|
有 |
八路军 |
,就 |
把鬼子往山上带。 |
|
他 |
赶着 |
羊越 |
L走越快，鬼子在 |
后边 大声 喊:“慢 点儿！慢 点儿!” 可是海娃 走得更快 了。鬼子 正要向海娃开枪，突然，八路军 的枪 响 了，鬼子一个个 倒了 下去。但是海娃也被 鬼子 打伤 了，昏迷了 过去。
海娃醒来，看见几个八路军站在 他旁边，就说：“老羊尾巴下边…” 话没说完，又昏迷过去 了。
海娃再醒来的时候，发现自己 躺在床上。张连长 坐在床旁边, 见海娃 醒来，对他说：“海娃，你 真是个小英雄！你给我们送来了 一封重要的信。我们 知道 鬼子 据点里没多少人 了，就马上和 游击队 一起 打进了 据点。后来，那些 出来抢粮的鬼子 也在 路上 被我们消灭 了。”
海娃听了 高兴极了。他说：“咱们 的枪又多 了吧！给我枝枪 吧，我要去打鬼子。”
Lesson 31
New Words with OldCharacters
a.工 ^gòngdì
N： work site
律 W "Líi^ìiànzhu gongdì N： construction site
上海市社会主义建设很进步城里 哪儿梆是逆筑工地。
b. 面 chángmiàn N： scene (in real life)
‘白衣战士优I,为J救殆受重伤的战士 紧张地工作,场面真让人受感动。
c.
V： fly (lit. or fig.)
飞揖
'庆/苞,ku为工
飞 才。 V： dash, dart, run at full tilt
连长站起来，喊蔡前或带着我俏同鬼 孑据上、那边飞跑.
亚播送136s5ng
SV： fast as lightning, at breakneck speed
V： broadcast
北京广播电台向世界各国播送新•阑.
O 与"kouhào
N： slogan
^7 -^han kouhào VO： chant slogans
劳动羊那天，广大人民膂众在火安门广 痂,阖看人民笑雄纪念碑,一庭城。号.
f. — (yì)zhí
A： straight, directly； keep (doing something), in a continuous and unbroken stream
黄河直往大海流。
他直说J三小时诒.
g. xíngdong V： act, move
1 ' CN N: action, movement
h.厂 为 changfáng N: factory building
i.彳3 xìn(r)
N: letter, message, news, word, information
津 彳* songxìn VO: deliver a letter, convey a message,
上&» I b get word (to someone)
小钢待马上想力、法给解放军送信/不 然他们会通见邢支日本部队。
j-答应 dāying V： agree, consent, respond, accept
(Note： 答 is pronounced with a level tone in this usage.)
我叫b你三次,传、怎么不答应呢？ 送怦人的条件找他不能答应.
k. 余羽 fan V： go up and over the top of (a
mountain, etc.), cross
New Characters and Words
1.锋 fēng
华国锋hu£gu6f苞ng
léifeng
BF： sharp edge (of knife, sword, etc.)
N： Hua Guofeng (became chairman of the CCP after the death of Mao Zedong in 1976)
N： Lei Feng (PLA hero about whose life many fictionalized accounts have been written)
2.
吸 xī
若吸 huxi
守及」I xiyín
BF： inhale, suck in, absorb, attract
V： breathe (lit. exhale and inhale) N： breathj breathing
V： draw, attract
吸^引住.xíyínzhù
V： captivate
N： brick (M：)夬)
VO： transport bricks (from the kiln to the bricklayer)
N: hod carrier
VO: fire or bake bricks (in a kiln) /、7U "
运夜 yùnzhuān
Ì芸石专白勺yùnzhuānde shāozhuān
工旭有一个比较老的运襁自勺工人焚餐 呼吸有困碓产部叫他坐下休息一 T、儿.
砌 qì V： lay (bricks)； build (brick walls,
etc.)
石加 石专qizhuWn VO： lay bricks
帝专 qìzhuānde N： bricklayer, mason
推 tuī V： push； give a push to, promote； push
off (onto someone else), put off, postpone, decline
那些运据的飞快地把刚烧好了的稳 装在小车上,推到两稳的那也去.
拉 lāt V： pull, drag, lead (animals)
扩微)kuò .
BF： expand, amplify? enlarge
Jv5* kuòdà V： enlarge, expand, broaden, widen, I
I_ q、 escalate _|
扩音器 kuòyīnqì N： public address system^ loudspeaker
我所不清扩音器播送俄是什么。号, 攻孑象是''团缙起来争取更大的胜利：
8.
鼓“ N： drum
BF： drum up, stir up, incite
gudòng V： incite, arouse? excite, agitate；
N stirring, rousing
9.
g an i
1
歌 g 侬méi右冗妓 liahái没着 亮菟天皤
SV： bright, shining
V： light up， brighten
the sky becomes light； daybreak
liàng the sky is not yet light； before daybreak
10.
BF： ringing, resounding, loud and clear
SV： bright and ringing
11.
you
蓄油 hu£ngy6u 流油hu£y6u 郊油苴丫乱
^^jiāyáu(r)
N： oil, fuel, gasoline, sauce
N： butter
N： lubricating oil
N： motor oil, engine oil
N： gasoline
N： refuel, gas up； npour on the coal," "step on the gasn (work harder or faster)
你彳么生下呢！起来继续干吧！加油, 力。油！
明 青 '1-
7 上 不 油 气 们 起，落 不再 ngL L对文 -go佚不 供供 1
BF： supply, provide
RC： in supply, sufficient
RC： short, in short supply, insufficient
13.
man
装满1 zhuāngmanle*
生满了 zuòmanle*
力。满7元油qìyóu
装满汽油 zhu^ngmkn qìyóu
SV：
RC：
RC：
V0:
V0：
full
filled to capacity, fully loaded, packed full
seated to capacity, standing room only
fill up (with gasoline)
fill up (with gasoline)
the sky was full of airplanes, airplanes filled the sky
14.
汗 hàn
N： sweat, perspiration
£ y^-chuhàn*
VO： sweat, perspire
15.
湿（湍i望）shi SV： damp, moist, wet, humid
（opposite of 干 5
16.
透 tou
BF： penetrate, go through； let through, leak, reveal； transparent； penetrating； through and through
湿逡J shītoule SV： wet through, soaked, drenched
17.附(附)fù
w付 iff fùjin*
BF： attached, appended, adjacent
N： nearby, (in the) vicinity
18.
shì
BF： show, indicate, demonstrate, make known
V： show, indicate, demonstrate, make known, express, let (someone) know, declare
表尔 biaoshi
19. 匹 pí M： horse
20.拚 pin
pīniìiìng
BF： throw away, reject, disregard
VO： risk one,s life, give one's all, fight with all one1s strength, do or die
A： with all one:s might, for all one is worth, like mad
(Note ： pin is also written 才开・)
Translations of the Usage Examples
a. Socialist construction is quite advanced in Shanghai； there are construction sites all over the city.
b・ The "soldiers in white" worked hectically to save the life of the seriously-wounded soldier； the scene was really moving.
c. The company commander stood up and, yelling nAdvanceJ,n led us in a mad dash for the devil stronghold.
d. Radio Peking broadcasts the news to countries all around the world.
e. On Labor Day, the broad masses of the people gathered around the Monument to the People * s Heroes in Tiananmen Square and in unison chanted socialist slogans.
f. The Yellow River flows on endlessly to the sea.
He talked for three hours straight. 、
g・ We must make careful plans before acting.
h. The factory building was erected very rapidly-it was completed in just over two months.
i. Xiaogang must immediately think of a way to get word to the PLA, or else they might run into the Japanese unit.
j. I called to you three times； how come you didn1t answer?
We can't agree to these conditions.
They asked me to head the delegation, but I don't know whether to accept.
k. After crossing several tall mountains, we finally arrived in Sian.
2. From the moment the modern dance troop entered the stage and began to perform, the entire faculty and student body was captivated.
3. Today at the work site one of the older hod carriers suddenly had difficulty breathing； the cadre told him to sit down and rest awhile.
4. There were several bricklayers busily building the walls of the factory building.
5. With great dispatch, the hod carriers loaded the freshly-fired bricks onto small carts and pushed them over to the bricklayers.
6. Little Wang led the horse into the deep grass, then mounted and headed for the gulch at a full gallop.
7. I couldn1t make out what slogan they were broadcasting over the loudspeaker； it sounded like "Unite to win even greater victoriesJn
8. In order to stir up the workers, they had a broadcaster broadcasting revolutionary slogans over the public address system.
9. Even before daybreak, the commune loudspeakers were blaring with rousing songs.
10. On stage a young girl with a bright, ringing voice was singing work songs.
11. We1 re low on gas； weTd better fill up.
What are you doing sitting down? Get up and get back to work； Come on, step on itJ
12. I*ni sorry, we're out of (short on) gasoline； could you come back tomorrow?
13. It snowed all night long in Peking, and in the morning the ground was covered with snow.
He overturned a full glass of booze on the ground, (or) He took a full glass of booze and poured it on the ground.
15. Hurry and change out of those wet clothesJ
16. Your clorhes are already soaked； why don't you come inj
18. The greatness of that, scene is impossible to express in words. (or) No words can express•…
She indicated to me that she would like to join the Communist Youth League.
He warmly shook hands with me and expressed his gratitute.
19. This horse just got here after galloping at full tilt over the hill-no wonder he * s covered with sweat.
20. Lei Feng ran back and forth like mad, delivering bricks to the bricklayers.
华国锋主席在主席台上。
语法 Yfifá Grammar
1)“一下子" used as an adverbial adjunct means in an instant, indicating that an action is completed or a change has taken place in an instant. E.g.
装砖的人很多，一下子就把车装满了。
昨天还很暖和，今天一下子就冷起来
了
J O
2) “住"used as a complement of result shows that something has become fixed or been firmly held as the result of an action. E.g. «记住》「接住》「拿住》J站住" etc.
3) &-这 is an adverb meaning continuously or successively and it's always accompanied by a numeral. E. g.
一连下了三天小雨，庄稼长得更好了。
这个电影，我一连看了两次，还想再 看。
上个星期日，一连来了好几个朋友。
4) a直a is an adverb meaning continuously or repeatedly, usually applied to a natural or involuntary action. E. g.
小红和弟弟听说要去公园划船，高兴 得直跳。
这个故事很有意思，大家听了都直笑。
5) The directional complement ”来“or。去》is sometimes put after the verbal construction which tells the action of the subject to show the direction of the subject but has nothing to do with the direction of the object. E. g.
新来的同学参观工厂去了。
你休息去吧。
他是看你来的吗？ 我要到图书馆借书去。
6) &声力 is a verbal measure word for sounds. E.g.
我在楼下叫了他三声，他才听见。
«一声》is often used after a verb denoting inquiry, notice or greeting to give a casual tone and indicate that the remarks have been very brief. E. g.
你看见老师，问他一声今天下午有没 有辅导。
你走的时候，叫我一声，我跟你"一起 走。
领导干部到工地和群众一起劳动，一起学习。
一、范句 Fànjù Models
㈠
1.这些词 不 是一下子 能 记住的，我们必须经常练习。
2•这个句子我看了 半天也 不懂，他一讲，我一下子就 懂 了。
3•人多力量大，这条路一下子 就修好 了。
（二）
4学过的生词，你都记住 了 吗？
5.听见那边有人叫我，我就 站住 了。
6.我紧紧地握住他的 手 说:“谢谢你!”
（三）
7・这个星期一连有三个代表团 到我们工厂来参观。
8.他.用这个词--,连作了 好 几个句子，都作得很好。
8这课课文我一连念了 四遍， 还不太熟。
1。・我昨天一连收到三封信。
（四）
11.他一连推了 几十车转，热 得直出汗。
12. 一个老大爷直往地上看， 张小华想，他一定是丢钱 的人。
日本鬼子要杀那只老羊 了，海娃直着急。
（五）
14 .夏礼到医院看病去 了， 一会儿就回来。
15 .我有个朋友昨天到北京
今天想
唱片去吧，晚上 来听音乐吗？
大衣 放在 我 他拿来了。
萧利一声，我 把书还他。
E见!”就骑车
了，你叫我
参观来 了， 他去。
16 .咱们赶快借 不是有人
17 .昨天 他 把
这儿 了，今天
（六）
18 .请 你 告诉 下星期才能
19 .他说了 一声： 走 了。
20 . 一会儿阿里来 一声。
（七）
21 .这个人民公社就在 北京 附近。
22 .咱们学校附近有邮局，也有 商店，很方便。
23 .我们有时候到附近一个 工地去劳动。
二、课文 Kèwén Text 在工地上
一个星期日，解放军战士雷锋去 医院看病，回来的时候，经过一个 建筑工地，那热风、紧张的劳动 场面，一下子把他吸引住了。运转
|
的推着小车飞 在紧张地劳动。 鼓动的 口号和 突然，广播员说： 加油！砖快供 雷锋看到运 少，砌砖的那边 了。他忘了 大夫▼ 推起 一■辆小车就 一个工人问他 不休息？” |
跑，砌砖的也 扩音器里播送着 喷亮的歌声。 “运砖的同志， 不上了！” 痔的人 比较 眼看就没砖 H 他休息，跑过去 干了起来。 ，:“同志，星期日还 |
雷锋说:“你们不是也没休息 舍?”
“我们星期一休息。你 怎么 到 我们这儿来劳动 了？”
“你们不是砖供不上了 吗?”
雷锋说完，推起满满 的一车 砖，就飞快地走 了。他一连 推了 几十车，脸上的汗直往下 流，衣服也全湿透 了。
有个工人送来一杯水，对 雷锋 说:“同志，休息 一下儿 吧,喝 点儿水。”雷锋说:“不 累，谢谢」他 喝了 水，又推砖去 了。
雷锋的行动使工地上的 人 很受感动。推砖的同志装得 更多 了，跑得更快 了，砖很 快就供上 了。
广播员跑来问雷锋:“同志!你是 哪个部队的？叫什么名字?”
雷锋只说了 一声：“我是附近 部队的。”又推着车跑了。
劳动结束 了。雷锋看着就要 建成的厂房，特别高兴。这时候，很 多人走过来和他握手，表示要 向他学习。##说：“我应该向 工人同志学习。”说完就回去了。
Lesson 31B (EC 66)
一＞ 词组 CízQ Word Groups
（一）
团结起来结合起来收起来 包起来 放起来装起来把机器装配起来 把衣服收起来把东西包起来 把粮食藏起来
笑起来干起来跑起来响起来 讨论起来好起来热起来忙起来 快起来高兴起来
写起信来谈起话来喝起茶来
刮起风来下起雨来讲起故事来
二〉句子 Jùzi Sentences
L这个复杂的问题被那些有经验的老工 人解决了。
Z日本鬼子被消灭了，八路军胜利了。
3.那封信让海娃藏在老羊尾巴下边了。
4我买的那本世界地图叫朋友借去了。
5.解放以前中国劳动人民受剥削受压迫。 &学生到工厂去劳动，受到了工人的欢
迎。
（二）
7-我们研究了半天，觉得这个办法比那 个办法好。
&他比我喜欢听音乐。
外我没有他那样喜欢听音乐。
1。.他写汉字比我写得快。
1L六十二课有六十一课难吗？ 没有六十一课难。
（三）
12 .除了北京以外，我哪儿都没去过。
13 .除了北京以外，我还去过上海。
14 .除了他以外，我们以前都没学过中文。
15 .除了他以外，我们以前也没学过中文。
㈣
16 .我们班谁都有中文字典。
17 .这几本书都很好，你喜欢哪本就看哪 本吧。
电我记得在哪一课里学过这个词。
（五）
19 .团结起来力量大。
20 .他的身体一天比一天好起来了。
2L我们作完了练习，把钢笔、本子和书都 收起来了。
22 .过了好半天，那个病人才醒过来。
（六）
23 .有个同学病了，我给他请大夫去。
24 .比赛就要开始了，大家让我叫你来了。
25 .他们是借唱片来的。
26 .他要到首都学习去了。
三〉课文 Kèwén Text 齐小钢
抗日战争的时候，有一天，十三岁的齐小 钢正在村子南边放羊，突然看见日本鬼子远 远地来了。小钢马上赶着羊跑回村子去送信 儿。他等村里的人奇转移走了，自己才转移。
小钢刚要出村，日本鬼子就进村了。走在 最前头的一个鬼子从一匹大自马上跳下来， 看见小钢就问：“村子里的人都到哪儿去 了?”
小钢说：“我刚放羊回来，不知道他们到 哪儿去了」他看着那匹大白马，心里想：“要 是我骑上它去给游击队送信，多快呷!”
鬼子在村里找不到人，就对小钢说：“哪里 有草？给我的马拿点儿来!”
“我家里有」
鬼子让小钢拉着马到他家去，自己跟在后 头。
草很少，马很快就吃完了。鬼子问：“还 有没有?”
小钢说:“没有了，只有这么多。我把马拉 到外边去放一放吧! ”
鬼子说：“快点儿回来，晚了，就杀了你!” 小钢一边答应着，一边拉着马走了出来。 小钢家后边的庄稼长得非常高，他把大白 马拉到那里就骑上去，跑进庄稼地里。这时 候，后边响起了枪声。小钢拚命打着马，飞快 地跑进山沟。大白马翻过几座小山，就到了 游击队那里。
APPENDIX I
Character Index by Radical and Stroke Count
APPENDIX I
Character index by Radical and Stroke Count (Number below character is lesson where introduced)
1 STROKE
、义主水农求举益
一干于专丰互夫且世击死而共束
9 24 4 29 11 19 16 18 30 25 28 3
求面奏复整
I且曲师非果
）义午反处冬乐务史失各危去何
22 3 13 16 8 14 26 1 26 17 22 24
余系希禹重复舞靠
发电员既 2 6 3 28
2 STROKES
»市产交
24 10 11
齐京变帝克
7 5 23 25 31
商毫
6 22
＞决冰冻：令沈净
i军农
j订计讨让，乙设检讲访停词该语
r 18 28 9 14 7 17 9 2 17 81 1 8
误谊谈谅课调
二干于专互元
十支斗古协华克博
厂厂历厅压屋原
匚匹医
卜处
•］列划@1刚利刮制制剧剩
• 4 25 15 22 22 4 18 8 14 31 29 17
8
18 13 2 28 22 23 29 25
k建
17
队阳附际阿除险院
&邮邻部
M击
30
刀色危争惠象
力力功力。务动助努劳宾勤
3 STROKES
V汉汗沟浇沙浅油泠注活派宥案
， 1 31 31 15 21 16 31 26 2 7 24 14
流消清深淹溉滑湿游满演灌
,卜惯
16
…宁它安灾实空相寓赛
广广庆庄床屋店度座席康
门间闻
L迎运连迫适边迷造通透遍通
14 24 20 27 18 27 22 5 24 31 12
寸身封
才扔杨犷抢抗a M拉拚拈招持挖
25 29 31 30 21 22 25 31 31 22 14 19
指拚损检换接据推描搜提援握
28 31 26 24 20 16 30 31 21 30 10 29
搬播操
工贡
29
土土场幸堂鼓墙博
士 士态声
叶节共苦荚草药黄逅薄藏
大夫夭奋泰
小党堂
口号古史台只另各台吗同吸向员
3 25 1 28 3 21 17 14 1 4 31 16
和呼周虽
1 18 9 12
响。自曷。阿售喊嗓器
口团圆围困图囿
巾市
I 24
师希帝席
1 13 25 27
待
26
待
4须彩影
久处冬务各复员
尸居后居展
己巴导
马引强
4-引、
V 25
女攻口妈姑姑妻妹姐始娃娘
幺红纪练绍珞结继绩缘练
马马绘骑
4 STROKES
…、列执貂熟 、、、、 ♦、、、 、
28 8 13 7
斗斗
I 29
方#
6
火灭灯灾炼烧
心态急息息息您感恩慈
户产
19
木彳士视神衩y福
王全珍龙理望琴
木杂杀东机束村折枝枪杯果树和
八 2 30 14 5 24 26 3 2 30 24 21 6
架查梯椅榇集楼梵概
,、29
’25
14 30 29 7 3 22 15
11 23 4 21
15
17
J 22
11 9 7 20 13 4
26
8
5 STROKES
28 19 30 19
17
19
22
28 -
6 STROKES
24
…2 23 13
K1 +2
5
ÚJ
22
ÈL hrL
23
7 20 23
7 STROKES
25
8 19
18 10
8 STROKES
八 4
18 16 29
9 STROKES
* 20
30
APPENDIX II
Character Index by PINYIN Spelling
APPENDIX II
|
Character Index by Pinyin (Number below character is lesson |
Spelling where introduced) | |||
|
A |
阿0阿 |
CANG |
救 | |
|
8 |
15 |
30 | ||
|
AN |
安 |
CAO |
操草 | |
|
16 |
6 24 | |||
|
BA |
爸 |
巴 |
CHA |
查 |
|
23 |
30 |
12 | ||
|
BAN |
班搬 |
CHAN |
产 | |
|
3 |
25 |
10 | ||
|
BANG |
法 |
CHANG |
厂场 | |
|
21 |
5 6 | |||
|
BAO |
:黄 /导 |
包 |
CHENG |
成 |
|
2 |
24 |
11 | ||
|
BEI |
* |
碑林被 |
CHI |
持 |
|
7 |
16 24 27 |
19 | ||
|
BI |
毕 |
CHOU |
才由 | |
|
15 |
22 | |||
|
BIAN |
遍变 |
CHĪJ |
楚处除 | |
|
12 |
23 |
7 16 28 | ||
|
BING |
泳 |
并病 |
CHUAN |
船 |
|
8 |
16 19 |
23 | ||
|
BO |
播 |
博制 |
CHUANG床窗创 | |
|
16 |
20 27 |
4 19 21 | ||
|
BU |
陟 17 |
补部 20 21 |
CHUN |
春 8 |
|
CAI |
敕踩 |
CI |
词 | |
|
14 |
26 |
1 | ||
|
CAN |
参 |
CUN |
村 | |
|
4 |
26 | |||
|
DA 答 |
EN 总 |
|
2 |
22 |
|
DAI 待代 |
ER 而 |
|
14 15 |
28 |
|
DAN 单 |
FA发 |
|
13 |
2 |
|
DANG 受 |
FAN 翻反 |
|
27 |
9 13 |
|
DA0 导路倒 |
FANG 访 |
|
3 14 30 |
17 |
|
DENG /1 |
FEI 非肥飞 |
|
9 |
7 9 15 |
|
DI 市 |
FEN 份奋 |
|
25 |
18 29 |
|
D1AN 电店典 |
FENG风讨丰锋 |
|
6 6 12 |
8 17 29 31 |
|
DIAO 调 |
FU 复辅服夫福 |
|
7 |
2 3 11 19 27 |
|
DING j丁 |
附 |
|
18 |
31 |
|
DIU 去 |
GAI 该改概溉 |
|
24 |
8 11 12 29 |
|
DONG 冬动冻 |
GAN干敢感走 |
|
8 10 20 |
9 13 14 27 |
|
DOU 斗 |
GANG 多冈刚 |
|
29 |
1 16 |
|
DU度 |
GE 各第 |
|
18 |
17 20 |
|
DUAN锻断 |
GONG 共公贡供 |
|
6 17 |
3 4 29 31 |
|
DU1 队 2é |
GOU 沟 29 |
|
GU 故娣古蚊 |
HUI 望 |
|
13 24 25 31 |
、29 |
|
GUA 刮 |
HUN 曾 |
|
8 |
22 |
|
GUAN 吼惯灌 |
HU0 和或沦货 |
|
5 16 29 |
1 4 7 18 |
|
GUANG 广 |
JI 机记绩纪和、 |
|
16 |
5 7 11 16 22 |
|
GUI 鬼 |
际计既继集 |
|
30 |
22 28 28 29 29 |
|
GUO |
击急 |
|
21 |
30 30 |
|
HAI 海 |
JIA 架力。锋 |
|
14 |
4 11 29 |
|
HAN 汉喊汗 |
“AN间践简建健 |
|
1 30 31 |
3 10 13 17 17 |
|
HA。号豪毫 |
检艰 |
|
3 22 22 |
24 29 |
|
HE 和合 |
JIANG 讲 |
|
1 14 |
2 |
|
HONG 夕工 |
JIA0校交角 |
|
4 |
7 11 18 |
|
HOU 卮 得 |
JIE节介解偌结 |
|
2 |
3 10 10 12 14 |
|
HU 互呼户 |
接界姐 |
|
11 18 19 |
16 18 27 |
|
HUA 化滑华划 |
JIN- |
|
4 8 15 23 |
9 |
|
HUAN ▽奂 |
门NG京4精 |
|
20 |
5 19 23 |
|
HUANG 声 |
JIU 救究 |
|
4 |
22 28 |
|
JU |
举局副房 |
据 30 |
LI |
历 1 |
力 2 |
利立理 | |||
|
14 |
18 21 25 |
7 17 |
17 | ||||||
|
JUE |
决 11 |
LIAN |
练煤运 2 6 20 | ||||||
|
JUN |
军 14 |
LIANG |
辆谅 15 17 |
量 29 |
粮亮 29 31 | ||||
|
KANG |
康 17 |
抗 21 |
LIAO |
瞭 31 | |||||
|
KAO |
靠 29 |
LIE |
列 15 |
列 28 | |||||
|
KE |
课克科棵 1 11 15 23 |
LIN |
舒 25 | ||||||
|
KONG |
空 19 |
LING |
零 2 |
为 21 |
领 26 | ||||
|
KU |
苦 25 |
库 29 |
LIU |
蜡 5 |
温 7 | ||||
|
KUANG |
况 10 |
LOU |
楼 6 | ||||||
|
KUN |
困 11 |
LUN |
论 9 | ||||||
|
KUO |
扩 31 |
LŪ |
绿律 4 26 | ||||||
|
LA |
拉 31 |
LŪE |
略 13 | ||||||
|
LAN |
4 |
MA |
吗砍3 1 15 20 |
妈 23 | |||||
|
LAO |
劳 13 |
MAN |
满 31 | ||||||
|
LEI |
累 23 |
t 30 |
MEI |
妹 27 | |||||
|
LENG |
8 |
MI |
迷 22 |
耒 24 | |||||
|
MIAN |
面 20 |
赔配 26 28 | |
|
MIAO |
描 21 |
匹 31 | |
|
MIE |
灭 |
PIAN |
片 |
|
30 |
13 | ||
|
MIN |
民 3 |
PIAO |
票 18 |
|
MING |
命 20 |
PIN |
品确拼 10 31 31 . |
|
MU |
目 |
p0 |
11 |
|
1Ó |
27 | ||
|
NEI |
内 |
Qi |
期笨务温领 |
|
9 |
4 5 7 15 16 | ||
|
NIANG |
娘 14 |
凄砌） 25 31 | |
|
NIN |
你 1 |
QIAN |
铅浅歉 1 16 26 |
|
NING |
宁 |
QIANG |
强瑙枪枪 |
|
20 |
11 23 30 30 | ||
|
NONG |
农 23 |
QIAO |
19 |
|
NU |
QIE |
且 | |
|
16 | |||
|
NUAN |
8 |
QIN |
假勤琴 13 13 21 |
|
PA |
赳 |
QING |
清庆毒较 7 15 29 29 |
|
23 | |||
|
PAI |
派* |
QIU |
彳K永 o C G |
|
24 |
8 2Z | ||
|
PANG |
旁 |
QU |
曲取 |
|
个 6 |
21 28 |
|
QUAN ；- |
劝全 |
SHI |
1 |
府室始食 | |||
|
20 |
24 |
13 5 |
6 | ||||
|
QUE |
瀚 7 |
实 < 视世适 10 14 17 18 18 | |||||
|
QUN |
群 30 |
士 22 |
市石失 24 25 26 |
示 31 | |||
|
RANG |
让 14 |
漫 31 | |||||
|
RE |
热 8 |
SHOU |
着 5 |
热收售 7 9 18 |
受 22 | ||
|
RENG |
枳 25 |
SHU |
树输权束 6 22 23 24 | ||||
|
RU |
夕。 21 |
SI |
死 25 | ||||
|
SAI |
24 |
SOU |
叟搜 25 30 | ||||
|
SAN |
散 23 |
SU |
相 4 | ||||
|
SE |
色 14 |
SUI |
虽 12 | ||||
|
SHA |
沙 21 |
东 30 |
SUN |
引、 25 |
桢 26 | ||
|
SHANG |
商 6 |
伤 22 |
TA |
她 1 |
它 25 | ||
|
SHAO |
10 |
烧 23 |
TAI |
祐 22 |
è 28 | ||
|
SHE |
含 |
社设 6 17 |
TAN |
谈 13 | |||
|
SHEN |
8 |
琛 28 |
TANG |
堂糯躺 6 9 19 | |||
|
SHENG |
胜 20 |
TAO |
过 9 | ||||
|
TE 特 12 |
Xi习析息看 、 1 3 5 13 |
|
TI 题体提梯替 '力 8 10 29 30 |
席吸 27 31 |
|
TIAN 田 |
XIA 百 |
|
29 |
针 |
|
TIA0 跳 |
XIAN险仙飒 |
|
23 |
22 25 29 |
|
TING 厅 |
X1ANG相何响象 |
|
14 |
11 16 21 28 |
|
TOM 向通 |
X工A。削消 |
|
4 24 |
27 30 |
|
MU 送 |
XIE 协她 |
|
31 |
21 2.2 |
|
TU 图上突 |
XIN 急 |
|
4 29 30 |
25 |
|
TUAN 团 |
XING星兴幸醒 |
|
15 |
4 13 27 30 |
|
TUI 推 |
XIONG 雄 |
|
31 |
16 |
|
WA 挖娃 |
XIU 休修 |
|
25 30 |
5 17 |
|
WANG |
XU 须续 |
|
13 |
12 29 |
|
WE）应伟困尾 |
XUAN 选 |
|
22 22 28 30 |
27 |
|
WEN 闻 |
XUE f皿削 |
|
16 |
8 22 27 |
|
wo 握 |
YA 比 |
|
7 |
27 |
|
w 彳误舞妆务 | |
|
3 7 14 20 26 |
YAN
淹26 言25 “7 2 金1 5-1
YANG
YAO
工3 3
…二3
9
J4 2
0 4^** 9 目 3 2 中 幺；
YE
YI
YIN
YING
YONG
医19
宜，.秋9 6卬、4
、力 1 2 2 1 咨24译8426阡18影 6 永19 北4椅4移25音2荚；胃
YOU
YU
YUAN
YUE
|
YUN |
* ■ 运 |
|
24 | |
|
ZA |
九 |
|
2 | |
|
ZAI |
灾 |
|
26 | |
|
ZAN |
咱赞 |
|
20 25 | |
|
ZAO |
造皂 |
|
5 9 | |
|
ZENG |
增 |
|
24 | |
|
ZHAN |
展战 |
|
8 21 | |
|
ZHANG |
掌 |
|
7 | |
|
ZHAO |
照招 |
|
13 14 | |
|
ZHE |
者 |
|
4 | |
|
ZHEN |
珍针 |
|
17 19 | |
|
ZHENG |
整争 |
|
7 21 | |
|
ZHI |
枝志只制支 |
|
2 2 3 5 18 | |
|
留衿指 | |
|
25 26 28 | |
|
ZHONG |
秤重终众 |
|
10 22 24 30 | |
|
ZHOU |
周 |
|
ZHU |
汪联祝主筑 2 3 17 22 23 |
|
ZHUAN |
专转石专 |
|
4 30 31 | |
|
ZHUANG |
装庄 24 29 |
|
ZONG |
3 28 |
|
zou |
奏 21 |
|
zuo |
度 6 |
APPENDIX III
Part I
Required Vocabulary
APPENDIX III
|
Index of |
Required |
Vocabulary | |
|
A | |||
|
a |
BF： |
(used in transliterating the sound 'a* in foreign languages) |
8 |
|
all |
N：, |
Ali |
8 |
|
a, a, a, a |
Ex： |
interjection or final particle |
15 |
|
àiren |
N： |
spouse, wife or husband |
9 |
|
an |
BF： |
peace, tranquility |
16 |
|
B | |||
|
bā |
BF： |
stick or attach to； an appendage； used in transliteration |
30 |
|
bādian zheng* |
8：00 sharp, 8：00 on the dot |
7 | |
|
bá |
V： |
uproot, pull up by the |
25 |
|
roots, pull out, extract (teeth, etc.) | |||
|
bábuliao |
RC： |
can,t uproot, unable to pull out |
25 |
|
bà |
BF： |
father |
23 |
|
baba |
N： |
papa, father |
23 |
|
báiqiiíěn |
N： |
Norman Bethune |
22 |
|
ban |
n/m： |
shift； class； squad (of soldiers) |
3 |
|
banzhang |
N： |
squad leader |
26 |
|
ban |
V： |
move (heavier articles), move (to a new location) |
25 |
|
bānbudòng* |
RC： |
canT t move, won11 budge |
25 |
|
bānjiā* |
VO： |
move (to a new home) |
25 |
|
bānzou* |
V： |
move away, remove |
25 |
|
bangong* |
VO： |
conduct official business |
4 |
|
bàngongshì |
N： |
office |
4 |
|
ban xuéxiào |
VO： |
run a school |
14 |
|
bang |
BF： |
stream, creek, ditch |
21 |
|
B (Cont.) | |
|
帮助 bāngzhu* |
V： help, assist 3 |
|
包 bāo |
N： help, assistance V： wrap 24 |
|
包起来bāoqilai* |
M/N： wrapper, bundle, package RC： wrap up 24 |
|
色^ 上「 bāoshang* |
RC： wrap up 24 |
|
薄báo 才艮若 bàogào 才不 bēi |
SV： thin 2 V： report, report to, 26 report on N: report M： cup, glass 24 |
|
才不-子》 běizi* |
N： cup, glass 24 |
|
咨 b芭i /匕考卜 beibù* |
N： inscribed stone tablet, 16 monument N： north, northern part or 21 |
|
北京 beijīng |
region N： Peking (lit. northern 5 |
|
北京周才艮b豆苴ng zhōubào 背 bèi 若* -4^ bèishū* |
capital) Peking Review 9 N： back 7 V： turn the back to or on； recite from memory (since recitation was traditionally done with the back turned to the teacher) VO： recite (from a book) from 7 |
|
被 bèi |
memory CV： (indicator of passive 27 |
|
被,打死1了 bèi dāsile 被/Í也打死jbèi tà dásile 襁选 bèixuNn 本于 benzi |
voice) be killed 27 be killed by him 27 be selected or elected 27 N：, notebook, exercise book 1 |
|
比较 b1方。* 比骞 bisài |
V： compare 7 |
|
A: comparatively, rather V： race, compete 24 | |
|
六 早 上 |
N： race, competition, contest, game, match, event BF： finishj complete 15 |
|
bìyè* |
VO： |
graduate (lit. complete one Ts major work) |
15 |
|
bìxū |
AV： |
must, have to, itfs necessary to |
12 |
|
biān(r) |
BF： |
(localizing suffix) |
6 |
|
biàn |
M： |
time |
12 |
|
biàn |
V： |
change, transform, alter |
23 |
|
biànchéng |
V： |
change into, turn into |
23 |
|
biànhuà |
V： |
change, transform |
23 |
|
N： |
change, transformation | ||
|
biaoshi |
V： |
show, indicate, demonstrate, make known, express, let (someone) know, declare |
31 |
|
biaoyan |
V： |
perform, act, show, demonstrate |
23 |
|
N： |
performance, act, show, demonstration | ||
|
biaoyan jiémù |
VO： |
put on a show or program |
23 |
|
N： |
show, act | ||
|
bīng |
N： |
ice |
8 |
|
bìng |
A： |
(preceding 不 or ^殳) contrary to what one might expect, in fact, actually |
16 |
|
bìngqie |
MA： |
moreover, also, for that matter, in fact |
ló |
|
bìng |
N： |
illness, sickness |
19 |
|
V： |
become ill, get sick； be sick | ||
|
bìngfáng |
N： |
ward, hospital room |
19 |
|
bìngrén |
N： |
patient, sick person |
19 |
|
bō |
BF： |
sow, transmit, broadcast |
16 |
|
bosòng |
V： |
broadcast |
31 |
|
bo |
BF： |
peel, skin, strip, fleece |
27 |
|
boxue |
V： |
exploit, fleece |
27 |
|
N： |
exploitation | ||
|
bó |
BF： |
wide, expansive, broad, vast |
20 |
|
bówùguan |
N： |
museum |
20 |
业须 l成化示演 毕心达遍变变变耒耒
Ē 节 演 益冰并
房人送的 物 病病播播剥到博博
|
不俘、、 笄且一 |
budan.・・ bìngqie... |
Patt： not only.., but also... |
16 |
|
不彳巴、、而且…btídàn.・• érqie... |
not only..4 but also... |
28 | |
|
不断 |
búduàn |
continuous ,, unbroken, incessant, uninterrupted； continuously, unceasingly |
17 |
|
不论 |
búlùn* |
A: it doesn1 tf matter, no matter |
9 |
|
不幸 |
búxìng ：■'. ' , '' 1 . ■ ■' |
SV： unfortunate MA: unfortunately N： misfortune |
27 |
|
补 » - |
bu |
V： patch, mend, repair； fill (a hole or vacancy)» make up (for a deficiency or shortage) |
20 |
|
步 |
bò |
M： step, stride |
17 |
|
bù |
M: part, section, musical or literary work; machine, car, radio, camera, etc. |
21 | |
|
部队 |
buduì |
N: (military) unit, outfit (Mi 个or 省);troops |
26 |
|
部分 |
bùfen |
N/M： part, portion, section A: in part, partially |
29 |
|
不敢当 |
bùgàndāng* |
ITm flattered； you're too kind |
13 |
|
不如 |
bùru* |
V： not as good as, not up to c |
21 |
|
彩 |
V . cai |
BF： multicolored, colored； colors |
14 |
|
踩 |
V . cai |
V： step on, trample on |
26 |
|
跺坏 |
cáihuài |
V： crush underfoot, trample |
26 |
|
菜单于 |
càidān(zi)* |
N： menu |
13 |
|
参 |
can |
BF： join, participate, take part |
5 |
|
参视 |
cānguān* |
V： visit (a place), tour |
5 |
|
参力。 |
cānjiā* |
V： join, participate, take 5, |
11 |
|
& |
cáng |
V： hide, hoard, collect, |
30 |
store up
|
cángqilai |
RC： |
hide, hoard, collect, store up |
30 |
|
cāo |
BF： |
exercise, drill, train |
6 |
|
cāochang |
N： |
athletic field, playground^^ |
-A 6 |
|
cao |
N： |
grass； plants |
24 |
|
chá |
V： |
investigate, check, examine, inspect； look up (in a dictionary) |
12 |
|
chá zìdian |
VO： |
look up (a word or character) in the dictionary- |
12 |
|
chan |
BF： |
produce |
10 |
|
chanpīn |
N： |
product |
10 |
|
chángchu* |
N： |
strong point (of people) |
16 |
|
chang |
N： |
factory, plant, repair shop |
5 |
|
changfáng |
N： |
factory building |
31 |
|
chang |
BF： |
field, arena, stage |
6 |
|
changmiàn |
N： |
scene (in real life) |
31 |
|
chàngpiàn(r)* |
N： |
(phonograph) record |
13 |
|
chējiān |
N： |
workshop, machine shop |
10 |
|
chéng |
SV： V： |
okay, satisfactory accomplish, become, turn into |
11 |
|
chéng buchéng* |
okay? will it do? |
11 | |
|
chéngji |
N： |
evidence of achievement： grades, scores, marks, results |
11 |
|
chéngjiu |
N: |
achievement |
17 |
|
chénglì |
V： |
found, establish, set up, form； stand on one fs own, stand on its own |
29 |
|
chī yào* |
VO： |
take medicine (internally) |
19 |
|
chi |
BF： |
graspj hold fast, control, keep, maintain |
19 |
|
chou |
V： |
draw, suck, pull out, extract |
22 |
|
chouxie |
VO： |
draw blood, give blood |
22 |
|
抽（烟） |
chouyān* |
VO： |
smoke (lit. draw smoke) |
22 |
|
发汗 |
chūhàn* |
VO： |
sweat, perspire |
31 |
|
出院 |
chūyuàn |
VO： |
leave the hospital, be discharged |
19 |
|
除 |
chú |
V： |
weed out, eradicate, exterminate, get rid of (pests, obstacles, etc.) |
28 |
|
CV： |
aside from, besides, in addition to | |||
|
除了…以夕1 |
xchúle.・. yiwài* |
aside from, apart from, in addition to, besides |
28 | |
|
楚 处 |
chú |
BF： |
clear |
7 |
|
chù |
BF： |
place, point, spot； office |
16 | |
|
处就 |
chùchu* |
N： |
everywhere |
16 |
|
船 |
chuán |
N： |
boat |
23 |
|
晶长 |
chuánzhang* |
N： |
skipper, boat captain |
23 |
|
窗 |
chuāng |
BF： |
window |
19 |
|
窗户 |
chuānghu* |
N： |
window |
19 |
|
床 |
chuang |
N： |
bed (M： 4s* or 岁艮) |
4, |
|
床单于 |
chuángdān(zi)* |
N： |
bed sheet |
4, 13 |
|
创 |
chuang |
BF： |
begin, start doing something, originate, initiate, create |
21 |
|
创作 |
chuàngzuo |
V： |
write an original work, |
21 |
|
N： |
compose work, composition | |||
|
舂 |
chūn |
BF： |
spring |
8 |
|
善大 |
chūntian* |
N： |
spring |
8 |
|
cíír) |
N： |
word, termj expression |
1 | |
|
(vs. 字 ， single character) | ||||
|
村 |
cun |
BF： |
village |
26 |
|
村于 |
cūnzi |
N： |
village |
26 |
|
错误 |
cuòwu |
N： |
mistake (like 多音) |
7 |
|
答应 |
dāying |
V： |
agree, consent, respond, accept |
31 |
|
答 |
da |
BF： |
answer, reply, respond |
2 |
|
打雷 |
daléi |
VO： |
thunder |
，30 |
|
打死 |
dasī* |
V： |
kill (with a blow, bullet, etc.) |
25 |
|
打抬呼 |
da zhāohu |
VO： |
greet, say hello, welcome； take care of, attend to |
18 |
|
H针 |
dazhēn* |
VO： |
get or give an injection |
19 |
|
大都纷 |
dàbùfen |
N： |
the most part, the greater part, the bulk, most |
29 |
|
A： |
for the most part, mostly | |||
|
大概 |
dàgài* |
A： |
in general terms, approximately, probably |
12 |
|
亮，也会才shHngde niàn* |
read aloud |
7 | ||
|
大使、 |
dàshī |
N： |
ambassador |
14 |
|
大便第 |
dàshiguan |
N： |
embassy |
14 |
|
天水 |
dàshui |
N： |
flood waters |
26 |
|
彳寺 |
dài |
V： |
treat |
14 |
|
BF： |
serve, wait upon； treatment | |||
|
代 |
dài |
BF： |
substitute for, take the place of, act on behalf of |
15 |
|
代表 |
dàibiao |
V： |
represent, speak for, stand for |
,15 |
|
N： |
representative 9 delegate | |||
|
代表团 |
dàibiaotuán |
N： |
delegation |
15 |
|
dàifu* |
N： |
doctor |
19 | |
|
带领 |
dàilíng |
V： |
lead |
26 |
|
帝路 单 |
dàilù |
V： |
lead the way |
30 |
|
dan |
BF： |
single, singlular； odd (number)； list； bed sheet |
13 | |
|
dānzi* |
N： |
list； bed sheet |
13 | |
|
dànshi |
A： |
but |
7 | |
|
当 |
dang |
V： |
be, act as, serve as, play the role of |
28 |
|
当主席 |
dang zhuxí |
VO： |
serve as chairman |
28 |
|
dang |
D (Cont.) | |
|
N： (political) party |
27 | |
|
dangyuán |
N： party member |
27 |
|
dao |
BF» lead, guide |
3 |
|
dao |
BF: trample, stamp, tap |
14 |
|
dao |
V： fall over, topple |
30 |
|
daoxialai |
RC： fall down |
30 |
|
dao |
V： turn over, invert, reverse, |
30 |
|
pour (by inverting container) | ||
|
dàochá* |
VO： pour tea |
30 |
|
dào(shi)* |
A- and yet, on the contrary |
30 |
|
dàoli* |
Ns principle? reason, doctrine |
17 |
|
dàoqiàn |
VO： apologize (lit. express |
26 |
|
one Ts regret) | ||
|
de |
P： (adverbial Tde *) |
7 |
|
dēng |
N： lamp, lantern, light |
9 |
|
dì |
BF： ruler, emperor； imperial |
25 |
|
dì |
N： field |
26 |
|
dìléi |
N: land mine |
30 |
|
dill |
N： (in the) field |
26 |
|
dìtu |
N: map |
4 |
|
dìyībù |
the first step |
17 |
|
dìyībù |
part one, first part |
21 |
|
dìyīkè* |
lesson one, the first |
1 |
|
lesson | ||
|
dian |
BF： classic model, canon, code |
12 |
|
diàn |
BF： store, shop, inn |
6 |
|
diàn |
N： electricity |
6 |
|
diànbào* |
N： telegraph, telegram |
6 |
|
diànbàojú* |
Ns telegraph office |
18 |
|
diànchē^ |
N： trolley car |
6 |
|
diànděrg^ |
N： electric light, "the |
9 |
lights"
u
dsdù
局 机 3 国 话话流门影影 脸天京面不身物妆坏 打电电电电电调订去去冬卷东耒私劝利动动冻冻斗度
diànhuà* .diànhuàjú* diànliú diànmén* diànyīng(r)* diànyīngjí diào ding diū
diūlian*
dong dongtian* dongjīng dongmian dong dòngbuliao* dòngshěn* dòngwu* dòngwùyuán* dong dònghuài
duanchu* duàn duànliàn
银燎身体 duànliàn shēntí
N： (electric) current
V： order, subscribe to, reserve 18
SV： humiliating
N： Tokyo (lit. eastern capital) 5
f rom the cold
standard, rule, scale； unit of measure, degree
or fig.)； do physical training
(lit. temper the body)
|
锻炼思想 |
duànliàn |
sīxiang |
VO： |
temper one fs thought (by reading works of Mao, doing labor, etc.) |
6 |
|
斯 |
du an |
V： |
break, cut off, sever |
17 | |
|
队 |
duì |
BF： |
an organized group of people： team, (military) unit； rank, file, formation (of troops, aircraft, ships, etc.) |
26 | |
|
对..有影响 |
duì...you |
yingxiang |
have an effect on..., have an impact on..., influence... |
23 | |
|
对于 |
duìyu* |
CV： |
with respect to, in relation to, towards (lit. facing towards) |
24 | |
|
E | |||||
|
恩 |
en |
BF： |
grace, favor, kindness |
22 | |
|
而 |
ér |
BF: |
and, and thus, and yet, but, while on the other hand, whereas |
28 | |
|
而且 |
z . V erqie |
MA： |
and alsoj and then too, moreover, furthermore |
28 | |
|
二楼 |
èrlou |
N： |
second floor |
6 |
|
发展 |
fāzhan |
V： develop, expand, grow |
8 | |
|
N： |
development, expansion, growth | |||
|
法国大■革命役gu6 dàgémìng |
the French Revolution |
20 | ||
|
胸5| |
fan |
V： |
flip over, turn over； |
9 |
|
translate | ||||
|
V： |
go up and over the top of |
31 | ||
|
(a mountain, etc.), cross | ||||
|
翻成汉语 |
fānchéng hànyu* |
translate into Chinese |
11 | |
|
备京成荚文 |
fānchéng yingwén* |
translate into English |
9 | |
|
翻跟头 |
fan gentou |
VO： |
turn a somersault |
9 |
|
翻咨 |
fānyì* |
V： |
translate, interpret |
9 |
|
Tv、y*r |
N： |
translator, interpreter； | ||
|
translation | ||||
|
及 |
fan |
V： |
turn over, reverse； turn |
13 |
|
against, rebel； be | ||||
|
against, oppose, resist | ||||
|
反对 |
fanduì |
V： |
be against, be opposed to； |
13 |
|
go against, oppose； object | ||||
|
to | ||||
|
及正 |
fanzhèng* |
MA： |
anyway, in any case, in |
13 |
|
any event | ||||
|
fàndian* |
N： |
hotel, restaurant, inn |
6 | |
|
饭厅 |
fanting* |
N： |
dining room |
14 |
|
方法 |
fāngfa |
N； |
method, way, approach |
7 |
|
方面 |
fangmiàn |
N： |
aspect, side, sector, quarter |
20 |
|
访 |
fang |
BF： |
seek into, inquire； visit |
17 |
|
令方超 |
f angwèn |
V： |
visit, pay a visit to. |
17 |
|
“J rj |
call on, interview | |||
|
放枪 |
fàngqiāng |
VO： |
fire, shoot, open fire |
30 |
|
方攵羊 |
fàngyáng |
VO： |
graze sheep |
30 |
|
非 |
fei |
BF： |
not (opposite of )； |
7 |
|
wrong | ||||
|
非常 |
feicháng |
A： |
unusually, extraordinarily, extremely |
7 |
|
非去不可 |
fēi qù bùke* |
must go； insist on going |
7 | |
fa
fāshāo*
fasheng
fāxiàn
biànhuà
fǎyáng
发才为…楮木中"y&ng. • ."ngshen
fāyīn*
V： issue, emit, send, shoot
VO： run a fever
V： occur, develop, happen undergo a transformation
V： discover
N： discovery
V： bring to light, call attention to, manifest, display, spread, promote, foster
exhibit a spirit of...
VO： pronounce
N： pronunciation
2
23
11
23
24
29
29
2
|
fei |
V： |
fly (lit. or fig.) |
15, |
31 |
|
fēijí* |
N： |
airplane (M： ) |
5, |
15 |
|
fēijichang* |
N： |
airport, airfield |
6, |
15 |
|
fēikùài |
SV： |
fast as lightning, at breakneck speed |
31 | |
|
feipao |
V： |
dash, dart, run at full tilt |
31 | |
|
féi |
BF： |
fat (of animals)； fertile (of land)； fertilizer |
9 | |
|
feizao |
N； |
soap (M：力夫 bar) |
9 | |
|
fenxi |
V： N： |
analyze analysis |
3 | |
|
fèn(r) |
N： M: |
part, share issue, copy |
18 | |
|
fèn |
BF： |
rise (to the occasion), rouse (oneself to action)； roused, excited, spirited, energetic |
29 | |
|
fèndou |
V： |
fight, strive, struggle |
29 | |
|
f eng |
N： |
wind, breeze |
8 | |
|
fēng |
M： |
letter |
17 | |
|
fēng |
BF： |
abundant, rich |
29 | |
|
fēngchantián |
N： |
high-yield farmland |
29 | |
|
fēngfu* |
SV： |
abundant, rich |
29 | |
|
feng |
BF： |
sharp edge (of knife, sword, etc.) |
31 | |
|
fū |
BF： |
old term for adult male； husband |
19 | |
|
fú |
BF： |
clothes； yield, submit； force into submission, overcome |
11 | |
|
fuwù |
V： N： |
serve service |
26 | |
|
fú |
BF： |
blessings, good foutune |
27 | |
|
fu |
BF： |
help, support, aid |
3 | |
|
fudao |
V： |
coach |
3 |
|
1 |
fù |
BF： |
return, repeat, review, revive, restore, renew； multiple, complex |
2 |
|
fùxí |
V： |
review |
2 | |
|
复杂 |
f uzá* |
SV: |
complicated, complex |
2 |
|
附 |
fù |
BF： |
attached, appended, adjacent |
31 |
|
附近 |
fùjin* |
N： |
nearby, (in the) vicinity |
31 |
|
G | ||||
|
该 |
gai |
A: |
should, ought to； it's time to...； it Ts -1s turn |
8 |
|
该逸了 |
gāi shéi le* |
Whose turn is it? |
8 | |
|
该走b |
gāi zou le* |
It Ts time to go. |
8 | |
|
改 |
gai |
V： |
change, alter, correct |
11 |
|
次不了 |
gaibuliao* |
RC： |
can1t change, can1t be altered |
11 |
|
改得了 |
gaideliao* |
RC： |
can change, can be altered |
11 |
|
改好》 |
gaihāo(le)* |
RC： |
correct(ed) |
11 |
|
改坏子 |
'gāihuài(le)* |
RC： |
change(d) for the worse |
11 |
|
改衣服 |
gai yīfu* |
VO： |
alter clothing |
11 |
|
改正 |
gaizhèng |
V： |
correct, amend |
11 |
|
N： |
correction, amendment | |||
|
概 |
gài |
BF： |
general, overall, on the whole |
12 |
|
澳 |
gài |
BF： |
water, irrigate |
29 |
|
干 |
gān |
SV： |
dry |
9 |
|
干净 |
gānjing* |
SV： |
clean |
19 |
|
敢 |
gan |
A： |
dare, venture, be so bold as to |
13 |
|
威 |
gan |
BF： |
be moved or touched, feel； feeling, emotion, sensation |
14 |
|
感到 |
gandào |
V： |
feel |
24 |
|
感动 |
gandòng |
V： |
move (one emotionally), be moved or touched |
17 |
|
感想 |
ganxiang |
N： |
thoughts, feelings, |
14 |
|
/.3 |
reactions (to an event) |
ganxiè
gan
出快郊廿平么 赶赶千千千千
ganchū gankuài gàn
gànbu
gàn gémìng gànmá
干什么 钢 钢笔 钢琴
钢琴林奏曲gWngqín xi^zòuqǓ
gàn shénme
gang gāngbī* gāngqín
gang
黄河、huanghe 冈！
|
刚才 刚刚 高兴 |
gangcái* ganggang* gāoxìng* |
|
局（兴”也彳成g石oxingde zuò* 率gé | |
|
革命 |
gémìng |
|
革命蒐 |
gémìngdang |
|
幸命群众 各 |
gémìng qúnzhong gè |
|
各处 |
gèchù* |
|
V： |
thank, be thankful, be grateful |
19 |
|
V： |
drive (cattle, etc.), chase, rush |
27 |
|
BF： |
in a hurry, quickly | |
|
RC： |
drive out |
27 |
|
A： |
hurry and... |
27 |
|
V： |
do, be engaged or involved in |
9 |
|
N： |
cadre |
23 |
|
VO： |
make revolution |
20 |
|
What are you up to?, What are you doing? |
9 | |
|
What are you up to?, What are you doing? |
9 | |
|
N： |
steel |
1 |
|
N： |
pen |
1 |
|
N： |
piano |
21 |
|
the Yellow River Piano Concerto |
21 | |
|
A： |
just (a moment ago) |
16 |
|
A： |
just (a moment ago) |
16 |
|
A： |
just (a moment ago) |
16 |
|
SV： |
happy, glad |
13 |
|
A： |
happily, gladly | |
|
do gladly |
7 | |
|
BF： |
molt, shed hair； hairless hide, leather； get rid of, throw off, expel； reform, renovate |
20 |
|
VO： |
rise in revolt (lit. cast off the mandate) |
20 |
|
N： |
revolutionary party |
27 |
|
N： |
the revolutionary masses |
30 |
|
BF： |
all, each, every, various |
17 |
everywhere, all over
17
N：
各甯所长酢y°u su° cháng* 各种各样gMRng gèyàng*
gen X jiè*
geng
gong
|
公"共洛^车 g3nggè>ng qìchē* | |
|
公社 |
gongshè |
|
公园 |
gongyuan* |
|
工厂 |
gongchang |
|
工地 |
gongdì |
|
工人 |
gongrén |
|
工北 |
gongyè |
|
工业革命 |
gongyè gémìng |
|
工作 |
gongzuò |
|
工作条件 |
gongzuo tiáojiàn |
|
供 |
gong |
|
供不上 |
gongbushàng |
gongshang gòng gòngchandang gòngchanzhuyì* gònghéguó gòng
gòngxiàn
gǒu
|
N： |
all countries, various countries |
17 |
|
each has its good points |
17 | |
|
N： |
all kinds, various and sundry |
17 |
|
borrow from X |
12 | |
|
BF： |
change, exchange, replace, alternate, rotate, go on to the next |
29 |
|
BF： |
public； office, official duties |
4 |
|
N： |
bus |
4, 15 |
|
N： |
commune |
6 |
|
N： |
park (lit. public gardens) |
6 |
|
N： |
factory- |
5 |
|
N： |
work site |
31 |
|
N: |
worker |
9 |
|
N： Att ： |
industry industrial |
8 |
|
the industrial revolution |
20 | |
|
V/N： |
work |
3 |
|
N： |
working conditions |
10 |
|
BF： |
supply, provide |
31 |
|
RC： |
short, in short supply, insufficient |
31 |
|
RC： |
in supply, sufficient |
31 |
|
BF： |
altogether, share |
3 |
|
N: |
communist party |
27 |
|
N: |
communism |
22 |
|
N： |
republic |
15 |
|
BF： |
contribute |
29 |
|
V： N： |
contribute contribution |
29 |
|
N： |
ditch, gutter, trench, |
29 |
canal, channel
|
女古 gù |
BF： |
girl |
24 | |
|
始文良 |
gūniang |
N： |
girl |
24 |
|
古 |
V gu |
SV： |
ancient, archaic |
25 |
|
古时不美 |
gushíhou |
N： |
ancient times |
25 |
|
鼓 |
V gu |
N： _ BF： |
drum drum up, stir up, incite |
31 |
|
技动 |
gǔdòng |
V： |
incite, arouse, excite, agitate； stirring, rousing |
31 |
|
故 |
gù |
BF： |
accidental； old； purposeful |
13 |
|
故事 |
gùshi* |
N： |
story- |
13 |
|
刮 |
guā |
V： |
blow (of wind) |
8 |
|
刮风 |
guāfěng* |
VO： |
wind blows |
8 |
|
现 |
guan |
BF： |
observe； view |
5 |
|
关系 |
guānxi* |
N： |
relationj relations, relationship, correlation, connection, bearing |
20 |
|
美7 |
guānxīn |
V： |
be concerned about, for, or with (something or |
20 |
someone)
|
关于 |
guānyu* |
CV： |
concerning, in respect to, about (lit. relating to) |
24 |
|
惯 |
guan |
BF： |
accustomed to, comfortable |
16 |
|
with, used to； habit | ||||
|
灌 |
guan |
V： |
pour (fluid into something)； |
29 |
|
/隹 |
record (sound, music, etc.) | |||
|
guàngài |
V： |
water, irrigate |
29 | |
|
灌音 |
guànyīn |
VO： |
record, make a recording |
29 |
|
广 |
guang |
SV： |
broad, expansive |
16 |
|
广播 |
guangbo |
V/N： |
broadcast |
16 |
|
广场 |
guangchang |
N： |
square (lit. broad field) |
16 |
|
广大群众 |
guangdà qúnzhòng |
N： |
the broad masses |
30 |
|
guangdà rénmín qúnzhòng |
N： |
the broad masses of the people |
30 | |
|
广告 |
guanggào* |
N： |
advertisement, commercial |
16 |
|
鬼 |
guī |
N： |
spirit, ghostj ghoul, devil |
30 |
|
% |
guīzi |
N： devil (derogatory term for foreigners) |
30 |
|
国标 |
guójì |
BF： international |
22 |
|
国际关系 |
guójì guānxi |
N： international relations |
22 |
|
国际新闻 |
guójì xīnwén |
N： international (world) news |
22 |
|
国标主义 |
guójìzhuyì |
N： internationalism |
22 |
|
国标主义精神 |
guójìzhuyì jīngshen |
spirit of internationalism |
23 |
|
国冢 |
guojiā |
N： country, nation, state |
ló |
|
国庆节 |
guóqìngíjié) |
N： National Day (October first) |
15 |
|
电 |
guo |
BF： fruit, fruition, outcome, |
21 |
|
呆 |
actualization | ||
|
显然 |
guoran |
MA： as expected, sure enough |
26 |
|
八、、 |
(opposite of 并不 arid 异力殳) |
|
海 |
hai |
N： sea |
14 |
|
海娃 |
haiwá |
N： Haiwa (boy1s name) |
30 |
|
han |
V： shout, yell, call out |
30 | |
|
han kouhào |
VO： chant slogans |
31 | |
|
汉 |
han |
BF： China, Chinese (from the Han Dynasty -- 206 B.C. to 220 A.D.) |
1 |
|
汉语 |
hànyu |
N： Chinese, the Chinese language |
2 |
|
汉字 |
hànzì |
N； Chinese character(s) |
1 |
|
汗 |
han |
N： sweat, perspiration |
31 |
|
毫 |
háo |
BF： finely pointed hair； tiny, slight, infinitesimal |
22 |
|
毫不 |
háobu... |
not the slightest bit..., not...in the least |
22 |
|
absolutely selfless and concerned only with the welfare of others |
22 | ||
|
好处 |
haochu* |
N: good point, benefit, advantage |
16 |
|
好象 |
haoxiàng* |
MA: seem, appear to be |
28 |
|
好笑 |
haoxiào |
SV： |
funny, laughable |
25 |
|
考 |
hào |
M： |
number (#), day of the month |
3 |
|
hàoma |
N： |
number |
15 | |
|
和 |
hé |
CV： |
and, with (like ) |
1 |
|
合 |
he |
V： |
combine, bring together, join |
14 |
|
合适 |
héshì* |
SV： |
just right, suitable, proper, fitting, appropriate |
18 |
|
红 |
hong |
SV： |
red |
4 |
|
兔匚大丁彳己 |
hóngdēngjì |
N： |
Account (record, tale, etc.) of the Red Lantern |
9 |
|
红弃女良干军h6ngs咨niángzijūn |
N； |
Red Detachment of Women |
14 | |
|
厚 |
hou |
SV： |
thick |
2 |
|
后边 |
hòubiān(r) |
N： |
rear, in back, behind |
6 |
|
后院 |
houyuàn* |
N： |
back yard |
19 |
|
呼 |
hu |
BF： |
exhale, cry out, call |
18 |
|
。字吸 |
hūxí |
V： |
breathe (lit. exhale and inhale) |
31 |
|
N： |
breath, breathing | |||
|
互 |
hù |
BF： |
mutual, reciprocal |
11 |
|
互相 |
hùxiāng |
A： |
mutually, reciprocally, one to another |
11 |
|
户 |
hù |
BF： |
door； household |
19 |
|
滑 |
huá |
V： |
slip, slide, glide； skate； ski |
8 |
|
SV： |
slippery (either lit. or fig.) | |||
8
huáshuī
-VO： water-ski
huá
glorious； China, Chinese
Hua Guofeng (became chairman 31 of the CCP after the death of
Mao Zedong in 1976)
row, paddle 23
处迎
坏欢换换换换换黄回活冷慧昏昏活
huáchuán*
huà
述故
成或
huàxué
huàichu* huānyíng* huàn
huàn dongxi huàn qián* huàn xīnde* huàn yífu* huáng huídá* huó huóbuliao* huì
hun
hūnmí huódòng
huoguolai* huózhe* huozāi
huò huòshi* huòzhe
huò
VO： row or paddle a boat
BF: change, transform； transformation； civilization, culture
N： chemistry
Att： chemical
N: bad point
V： welcome
V： change, exchange, replace
VO： exchange something
VO： exchange money
VO： replace (with a new one)
VO: change clothes
SV： yellow, brown
V/N： answer
V： be alive, live
RC： unable to live
BF： wise, clever, intelligent
BF： dusk, twilight； dark, dim
V： feel dizzy, faint
V： faint, pass out
N： activity
Att： active, moving, movable
RC： come to
V： alive, living
N： holocaust, conflagration, f ire
BF： or
MA: or
MA： or
N： goods, merchandise
23
16
14
20
20
20
20
20
4
29
22
22
10
26
18
积极参力。 积极支持 急
个和M 集体领导 集体生冷
木I午日思 集体主义 几棵树 几座房子
记得 记者
记着 记住
纪
|
JĪ |
BF： |
machine； opportunity |
|
jihui* |
,N： |
opportunity |
|
Jiqi |
N： |
machine, piece of machinery； engine； radio set (M： 0r音平) merit, achievment |
|
ji |
BF： | |
|
jī |
BF： |
hit, strike, attack |
|
jl |
BF： |
accumulate |
|
•・♦， J1J1 |
SV： |
positive, active, energetic |
|
A： |
actively, eagerly | |
|
jījí cānjiā |
take an active part in | |
|
jijí zhichí |
actively support | |
|
Ji |
BF： |
under pressure, anxious, worried； pressed, hurried, urgent, critical |
|
jí |
BF： |
collect, assemble, gather |
|
jítī |
BF: |
collective |
|
jítí lìyi |
N： |
collective interests |
|
jítī līngdao |
N： |
collective leadership |
|
jítí shěnghuo |
N： |
collective life, collective living |
|
jíti zhìhuì |
N： |
collective wisdom |
|
jítīzhùyì |
N： |
collectivism |
|
jīkèshù* |
several trees | |
|
jizuo fángzi |
several houses or buildings | |
|
j ' |
V： |
note (either in writing or mentally)； jot down, record； remember |
|
jìde* |
V： |
remember |
|
jizhe |
N： |
reporter (lit. one who |
|
records) | ||
|
jìzhe* |
V： |
keep in mind, remember |
|
jìzhù* |
RC： |
fix in one's mind, remember well |
|
jì |
BF: |
record (in writing); written |
5
5
7
7
11
30
22
22
7
7
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
23
6
22
22
30
7
7
record, commemorate
|
纪律 |
JÌ1Ù |
N： |
discipline； code of conduct, regulations (lit. written rules) |
26 |
|
纪念 |
jìniàn |
V： |
commemorate |
16 |
|
纪念碑 |
jìniànbei |
N： |
memorial, monument |
16 |
|
际 |
•、 J工 |
BF： |
border, boundary； between one and the other |
22 |
|
计 |
• Q JI |
BF： |
planj reckon, calculate |
28 |
|
计划 |
jìhua* |
V/N： |
plan |
28 |
|
既 |
j工 |
BF： |
finish, finished； already, once...,having.・・, since.・・,given.・・ |
28 |
|
既…且… |
♦、 • V ji...qie.・・ |
not only...but also..., both..・ and.・・, ...as well as... |
28 | |
|
既高且大 |
jì gāo qie da |
big and tall |
28 | |
|
既…又… |
jì.・.you.・・ |
not only...but also..., both,・•and.・・, ...as well as.•. |
28 | |
|
既勤劳又热心 |
jì qínláo you |
rèxīn |
not only industrious, but enthusiastic as well |
28 |
|
继 |
j % |
BF： |
continue |
29 |
|
继续 |
jìxù (jìxu) |
V： |
continue, keep on |
29 |
|
A： |
continually, continuously | |||
|
家 |
jiā |
BF： |
(suffix for professionals and specialists) |
4 |
|
力。 |
jiā |
V： |
add, increase |
11 |
|
力。满汽油 |
jiāman qìyóu |
VO： |
fill up (with gasoline) |
31 |
|
加起来 |
jiāqilai* |
RC： |
add up |
11 |
|
加强 |
jiāqiáng |
V： |
strengthen, intensify , increase, build up |
11 |
|
加上 |
jiāshang* |
RC： |
add up, plus |
11 |
|
加油 |
jiāyóu(r) |
N： |
refuel, gas up； npour on the coal,tT "step on the gas” (work harder or faster) |
31 |
|
加在一超 |
.• 、 ,** -4- jia zai yiqi* |
add together |
11 | |
|
架 |
Jia |
BF： |
framework, structure, shelf, rack |
4 |
M； aircraft, machine, radio, etc.
架于 jiàzi*
j 旬 jiàn
只艮 Jiān
艰苦 jiānku
jiānku fèndòu
..V
Jian jiandān* jianzhííde)*
.・V
Jian jianqí(lai) jiàn
jiàn jiànkang
jiàn
iiànshè
jíànzhu
|
建^筑工步也jiànzhu gōngdì | ||
|
建筑物 |
jiànzhuwù | |
|
jiang | ||
|
一话 |
jianghuà* | |
|
家 |
jiao | |
|
爻给 |
jiāo(gei)* | |
|
交给他 |
jiaogei tā* | |
|
N： |
rack, shelf |
4 |
|
BF： |
crops |
29 |
|
M： BF： |
room juncture, interstice； middle or midst of； among, between |
3 |
|
BF： |
difficult； difficulty |
29 |
|
N： Att ： |
adversity, hardship arduous, strenuous, intense, painstaking, bitter |
29 |
|
arduous struggle; struggle in the face of adversity |
29 | |
|
BF： |
simple |
13 |
|
SV： |
simple |
13 |
|
A： |
simply |
13 |
|
V： |
pick |
24 |
|
RC： |
pick up |
24 |
|
BF： |
implement, execute, fulfill |
10 |
|
BF： |
robust, vigorous |
17 |
|
SV： N： |
healthy health |
17 |
|
BF： |
establish, set up, found, erect, build |
17 |
|
V： N： |
construct, build construction, building |
17 17 |
|
V： N： |
build building, structure； architecture |
23 |
|
N： |
construction site |
31 |
|
N： |
building, structure |
23 |
|
V： |
explain； speak, talk |
2 |
|
VO： |
speak, talk (Like 彳丸工古) |
2 |
|
V： |
hand over, deliver |
11 |
|
V： |
hand over to, turn over to |
11 |
|
turn (it) over to him |
11 |
jiaoliú
N:
flow back and forth, give and take mutually, interchange crosscurrents, mutual give and take, interchange
11
爻流经验jīngyàn 交响乐
jiāoxiangyuè
VO：
N:
exchange experience
11
symphony (lit. music with intermixed sounds)
21
jiāoxiangyuè shājiābāng
the Shachiapang Symphony
21
..V
Jiao
M：
dime (like but not followed by 今先)
18
jiàoshi
jiaoshi
jiàotáng
jiao
jiàoxīng*
jiàozuo
jie
jiě diànhuà*
jie rén*
jiēzhe*
jig
jiemu
• • ♦
Jie
jieguo*
N：
N:
N：
BF:
RC：
V：
VO:
VO：
A：
BF：
M：
N：
BF：
N:
MA:
teacher
classroom
church (building)
compare
awaken
be called or known as
meet, receive； connect； continue
answer the telephone
meet someone (at the station, dock, airport, etc.)
go on, continue (where one left off) subsequently, immediately, thereafter, go on to
(bamboo) joint, juncture, festival； section, segment, span； regulated, rhythmic； to regulate or restrict class period
items or events on a program； program (radio, TV, theater)
tie a knot, connect, unite; make a bond or contract;
a bond or knot
outcome, results, consequences as a result, finally, consequently
24
30
21
16
16
16
16
16
14
) L、 ) 信西X 合熊果 出妹放块绍绍东给 结结结姐妞粗解解解介介介借借借齐斤紧
jiéhé jiéhūn* jieshu
..V
Jie
jiejie*
♦・▼ X
jiemei
..V
Jie
jiefang
jiejué*
Jie jièshao* jièshaoxìn*
• • X
J工e
jiè dongxi* jiègei X*
Jie
jīn
.V
Jin
紧张
jínzhāng
jinzhang guānxi
jìnbù
进行 jinxing
进行实验
ìnxíng shíyàn
jin yíbù
(lit. bundle up)
N： liberation
lend to X
scope
M： catty (about 1 & 1/3 pound) 9
SV： tight, taut, tense, close,
restricted, strict
V： tighten
A： tightly, closely
N: tension, strain
advance
N： progress, improvement
SV： progressive
V： go on, proceed, get under 24 way, be under way； go on with, proceed with, carry on, conduct, engage in, hold
VO： conduct an experiment, 28
carry out a test
go a step further 17
|
Jing | |
|
京剧 |
jīngjù |
|
Jīng | |
|
精神 |
jīngshen* |
|
精Í神生活 j īngshen shēnghuó | |
|
经常 |
jīngcháng |
|
经验 |
jīngyan* |
|
净 |
Jìng |
|
究 |
jiū |
|
九十度 |
jiushidù* |
|
救 |
Jiu |
|
jiùhuo | |
|
就是 |
jiùshi |
|
居 |
Ju |
ju
.V
JU
juqilai* jùshou* juxíng
|
拢支、 |
jùdian |
|
决 |
jué |
|
决定 |
juédìng* |
|
BF： |
capital (of a country) |
5 |
|
N： |
Peking opera |
21 |
|
BF： |
distillate, essence, spirit |
23 |
|
N： |
spirit |
23 |
|
Att ： |
spiritual, mental, moral | |
|
“inner” life |
23 | |
|
A： |
frequently, often, regularly |
11 |
|
N： |
experience |
11 :A |
|
BF： |
clean, pure |
19 |
|
BF： |
take to the end, get to the bottom of, investigate, inquire, search |
28 |
|
90° |
18 | |
|
V： |
save, rescue |
22 |
|
V： |
revive, resuscitate, save (a dying, person) |
22 |
|
A： |
really |
26 |
|
BF： |
live, dwell； dwelling, residence |
25 |
|
BF： |
government office, bureau, agency, etc.； store, shop |
18 |
|
V： |
raise |
14 |
|
RC： |
raise, lift up |
14 |
|
VO： |
raise one1s hand |
14 |
|
V： |
hold, have, take place (a meeting, ceremony, etc.) |
14 |
|
BF： |
intense； drama, play, opera |
21 |
|
BF： |
take, grasp, seize, take by force, appropriate, occupy |
30 |
|
V： |
relying on, based on, according to | |
|
N： |
stronghold |
30 |
|
BF： |
decide, make up one's mind |
11 |
|
V： |
decide, resolve |
11 |
juéxín
jun
jūnduì
decide； be determined to...
N： resolve, determination； decision, resolution
or k )； forces, troops
kāi danzi* kāiqiāng kāishi
kāi yàofāng* kànbìng*
kànbuqīng kang kāngfùxie
4% kang
才亢0战争 kangri
kexué
kexué līlùn
kexué shíyàn
|
VO： make a list |
13 |
|
VO： fire, shoot, open fire |
30 |
|
V： start, begin |
5 |
|
VO: write out a prescription |
19 |
|
VO: see a doctor, examine a patient |
19 |
|
RC： contraction of 盾* 不清 |
26 |
|
BF： healthy； health, well-being |
17 |
|
N: "revitalized blood" (lit. health restored blood-the blood of a person who has just recovered from burns) |
23 |
|
BF: resist, oppose |
21 |
|
N： the Sino-Japanese War, also known as the War of Resistance against Japan (1937—1945) |
21 |
|
V： lean on, rely on, depend on； draw near, stay near, be near； veer toward, keep to, bear |
29 |
|
BF： class or category； field (of study) ； branch (of medicine)； family (of plants or animals)； section (of an organization) |
15 |
|
N： science |
15 |
|
N: scientific theory |
28 |
|
N： scientific experiment |
28 |
|
kē |
M： (measure for plants with stem or trunk： flower, tree, etc.) |
23 |
|
kěnéng |
SV： possible, likely A： possibly, likely to |
12 |
|
kè |
N： class period^(M： jié 节 )； course (M： men 门)' M： lesson |
1 |
|
kèwén |
N： text (of a lesson) |
1 |
|
kè |
BF： adequate, capable； overcome |
11 |
|
kèfú |
V： overcome, conquer (diff iculties) |
11 |
|
kètīng* |
N： living room, parlor |
14 |
|
kong |
SV： empty, vacant, meaningless BF： vacuity, space, air, sky |
19 |
|
kong fáng* |
N： vacant house |
19 |
|
kongqì* |
N： atmosphere, air (either lit. or fig.) |
19 |
|
kong wúzi* |
N： vacant room |
19 |
|
kong zuòr* |
N： vacant seat |
19 |
|
kong |
N： empty space, blank； free time |
19 |
|
kouhào |
N： slogan |
31 |
|
ku |
SV： bitter, painful, sorrowful, hard N： bitterness, pain, sorrow, hardship |
25 |
|
kugàn |
V： work hard |
25 |
|
kúgong |
N: hard work |
25 |
|
kù |
BF： storage place or building, storehouse, warehouse, depot, , repository, vault |
29 |
|
kuàng |
BF： conditions, circumstances, situation |
10 |
|
kùn |
BF： distress, difficulty, quandry SV： sleepy |
11 |
|
kùnnan |
SV： difficult, troublesome N： difficulty, trouble |
11 |
|
扩 |
kuo |
BF： |
expand, amplify, enlarge |
31 |
|
扩音器 |
kuòyīnql |
N： |
public address system, loudspeaker |
31 |
|
L | ||||
|
la |
V： |
pull, drag, lead (animals) |
31 | |
|
事自 |
láizì |
V： |
come from |
10 |
|
lán |
SV： |
blue |
4 | |
|
láo |
BF： |
labor； hard working |
13 | |
|
劳动 |
láodong |
V/N： |
labor, work |
13 |
|
芬财纪律k品d3ng jìlù |
N： |
work rules |
26 | |
|
老大爷 |
laodàye |
N： |
old man (counterpart of ) |
24 |
|
老师 |
laoshī |
N： |
teacher |
1 |
|
龙头千 |
laotóuzi or |
N： |
old man, elder |
25 |
|
茏头儿 |
laotóur | |||
|
lan |
BF： |
look over, view, browse |
8 | |
|
lei |
N： |
thunder； (explosive) mine |
30 | |
|
毒电 |
léidiàn |
N： |
thunder and lightning |
30 |
|
雷绛 |
léifeng |
.N： |
Lei Feng (PLA hero about whose life many fictionalized accounts have been written) |
31 |
|
lèi |
SV： |
tired |
23 | |
|
三病3 |
lèibìngle |
V： |
get sick from overwork |
27 |
|
leng |
SV： |
cold |
8 | |
|
fil |
lībiān(r) |
N： |
inside |
6 |
|
里面 |
līmian |
N： |
inside |
20 |
|
礼堂 |
lītáng* |
N： |
auditorium |
6 |
|
lī |
BF: |
veins in stone, grain of wood, regular pattern； put in order, regulate； principle, reason |
17 | |
|
理论 |
līlùn |
N： |
theory |
28 |
|
Att ： |
theoretical | |||
|
理论和实践 |
līlun hé shíjiàn |
theory and practice |
28 | |
|
līlùnjiā |
N： |
theorist, theoretician |
28 |
|
11 |
BF： |
history |
1 |
|
lìshi |
N： |
history |
1 |
|
lì |
BF： |
power? force, energy- |
2 |
|
lìliàng |
N： |
strength, power, effort |
29 |
|
11 |
BF： |
profit, advantage, gain, benefit |
7 |
|
lìyi |
N： |
advantage, benefit, good, interests |
26 |
|
lìyòng |
V： |
utilize, take advantage of, |
7 |
|
use | |||
|
11 |
BF： |
stand, set up, erect, establish； immediately |
17 |
|
lìkè* |
A： |
immediately? at once |
17 |
|
lián |
V： |
connected, continuous |
20 |
|
M： |
company of soldiers | ||
|
CV： |
(with 若F or 也)even | ||
|
liánzhang |
N： |
company commander |
30 |
|
liàn |
BF： |
practice? drill, train |
2 |
|
liànxi |
V： |
practice, drill, train |
2 |
|
liàn |
BF： |
smelt |
6 |
|
liáng |
V： |
measure, calculate |
29 |
|
liáng |
BF： |
grain, foodstuffs, provisions |
29 |
|
liángshi |
N： |
grain, staple foods, foodstuffs, provisions |
29 |
|
liang |
M： |
vehicle |
15 |
|
liang |
BF： |
pardon, excuse, forgive |
17 |
|
liang |
BF： |
amount or measure of something |
29 |
|
liang |
SV： |
bright, shining |
31 |
|
V： |
light up, brighten | ||
|
liáo |
BF： |
ringing, resounding, loud and clear |
31 |
|
liáoliàng |
SV： |
bright and ringing |
31 |
|
了解 |
--V . - V liaojie |
|
列 |
lie |
|
列宁 |
lièníng |
|
列宁主义 |
lièníngzhuyì |
|
列 |
liè |
|
符 |
lín |
|
邻居 |
línjū |
|
零 |
ling |
|
零钱 |
língqián* |
|
língsuì* | |
|
领 |
ling |
|
领导 |
līngdao |
|
领导千邻 |
lingdao gànbu |
|
领教 |
lingjiao* |
|
另 |
ling |
|
另外 |
lìngwài* |
|
liú |
liúqilai* liiíshěng jī* liútiáor* liúxia*
liúxia yìnxiang
liúxué
|
V： ascertain, find out； |
10 | |
|
understand | ||
|
N： |
understanding | |
|
BF： |
line up one after the other |
15 |
|
M： |
train | |
|
N： |
Lenin (Nikolai Lenin, Russian revolutionary-leader, 1870-1924) |
20 |
|
N： |
Leninism |
22 |
|
BF： |
fierce, fiery, ardent |
28 |
|
BF： |
neighbor； neighboring； neighborhood |
25 |
|
N： |
neighbor |
25 |
|
Nu： |
zero |
2 |
|
BF： |
fragment, fraction, part | |
|
N： |
small change |
2 |
|
SV： |
sundry, miscellaneous |
2 |
|
BF: |
collar； lead； receive |
26 |
|
V： |
lead |
27 |
|
N： |
leaderj leadership | |
|
N： |
leading cadre |
27 |
|
IE： |
May I ask...? (lit. receive instruction) |
26 |
|
A: |
besides, additionally |
21 |
|
Sp： |
other | |
|
A： |
besides, additionally |
21 |
|
Sp： |
other | |
|
V： |
keep or set aside (for later use)； detain； leave behind； stay (in a place) |
5 |
|
RC： |
put (it) away |
5 |
|
N： |
phonograph |
5 |
|
VO： |
leave a note or message |
5 |
|
RC： |
leave (it) here |
5 |
|
VO： |
leave an impression, make an impression |
28 |
|
V： |
study abroad |
5 |
7
overseas students
liú
liúlì
liuxie lóu
lóushàng* lóutī* lóuxià* lùn lUxíngtuán*
|
V: flow |
7 |
|
BF: flow, current SV： fluent |
7 |
|
N： fluency VO： bleed, lose blood |
22 |
|
N： multistory building |
6 |
|
M： (floor of a storied building) N： upstairs |
6 |
|
N： stairs, stairway |
29 |
|
N： downstairs BF： discuss or debate |
9 |
|
N： travel club, tour group |
15 |
|
SV： green |
4 |
|
BF: law, statute, rule, |
26 |
|
regulation； regulated, uniform BF： seize, take by force |
31 |
妈妈 māma
不芍 mW
方马头 matou*
马 m己
马克，& m5kèsī
马克思
列宁主义 马克思主义 马上
鸣
makèsī-lièníngzhuyì
makèsizhuyì
mashang
ma
man
, calculus 1)； numeral9 symbol, code； wharf
economist, philosopher, and socialist, 1818-83)
|
满天是飞机能n tiān shi fēijì |
the sky was full of airplanes ,airplanes filled the sky |
31 |
|
十曼才曼土也。乞mMnmWnrde chi* |
eat slowly |
7 |
|
^殳关.争 m省i gu笈nxi* VO: IE： |
be unrelated to, have no bearing on, not associated with, have no correlation it doesn1t matter, never mind, thatfs all right |
20 20 |
|
妹 mèi BF： |
younger sister |
27 |
|
女未^ m 咨 imie* N： |
younger sister |
27 |
|
mi V： |
become clouded in onefs judgement or ability to discriminate |
22 |
|
mi N： M： |
hulled rice； (transliteration of) meter (39.37 inches) meter |
24 |
|
击j mian N： |
face, surface, side； flour, powder, dust, dough, noodles |
20 |
|
吉苗 miáo BF： |
sketch, trace |
21 |
|
4r苗 miáoxie V： |
describe, depict (in music, literature, paintings, etc.) |
21 |
|
内容 nèiróng |
N： |
content, substance； contents |
9. |
|
年*名已 ni£nji |
N： |
age （like岁凄攵） |
25 |
|
年轻 niánqīng |
SV： |
young |
29 |
|
娘 niWng . |
N， |
mother |
14 |
|
及•艮斗 niángzí |
N： |
wife, girl, woman |
14 |
|
彳尔 nín |
N： |
you (polite form) |
1 |
|
恁好啊nín品。a* |
How are you doingj |
15 | |
|
ning |
BF： |
tranqui1, peaceful |
20 |
|
农 nóng |
BF： |
agriculture, farming； farmer, peasant |
23 |
|
农村 nóngcǔn |
,N： |
peasant village, farming village； the countryside |
26 |
|
Att ： |
rural, agrarian | ||
|
农 才C 人 ^nóngcūn rénmín 公社 gōngshè |
N： |
rural people 1s commune (vs. urban...城市人民公社) |
26 |
|
农民 n6ngmin |
N： |
peasant, farmer |
23 |
|
灰业 nóngyè 农业发展n6ngy咨fāzhan |
N： |
agriculture, farming |
23 |
|
agricultural development |
23 | ||
|
轰北机器n6ng“、isi 、 制造工业 zhlzao gongye |
agricultural machine industry |
23 | |
|
农业科■"学n6ng茂kèxué |
agricultural science |
23 | |
|
>^j(z 生•产"nóngyè shēngchān 多 |
agricultural production |
23 | |
|
BF： |
exert |
2 | |
|
劳力 nÙH |
VO： |
do one Ts best, work hard |
2 |
|
SV： |
diligent, industrious | ||
|
A： |
with great effort, industriously | ||
|
映 nuan |
SV： |
warm (of weather) |
:8 |
|
日爱检 nu^nhu。* |
SV： |
(pleasantly) warm |
8 |
|
p |
?? ▼ 3 '； | ||
|
■(忠 pá |
V： |
climb |
23 |
|
众? Ja páshān |
VO： |
climb a mountain, mountain climbing |
23 |
的 里里村京H 灭民命目且 哪那那南内内
|
miè |
BF： extinguish, exhaust, destroy |
30 |
|
min |
BF： people； citizen |
3 |
|
mìng |
BF: life, destiny, fate； order, mandate |
20 |
mù
BF： eye； item or topic 16
mùdì
N： goal, object, aim
24
|
náli (nail) |
N： where (like 0君p /G) |
4 |
|
nàli (nàli) |
N： there (like 司p ； (j ) |
4 |
|
nàzhong rén* |
that kind of person |
10 |
|
nánjīng |
N： Nanking (lit. southern |
capital) 5 |
|
nèi |
BF: inside, interior |
9 |
|
nèike* |
N： medical department； |
15 |
internal medicine, general practice
|
páshang/xia |
P (Cont.) | |
|
RC： climb up/down |
23 | |
|
pài |
V： send, dispatch |
24 |
|
pang |
BF: side, flank； close at hand |
6 |
|
pángbian(r)* |
,N： side, beside, alongside |
6 |
|
péi |
V： pay damages, compensate (someone) for a loss, make reparations |
26 |
|
pèi |
V： match, mate, fit together SV： fit, a good match |
28 |
|
V pi |
M： horse |
31 |
|
piàn(r) or piān(r) |
N： (thin flat item：) card, film, record, tablet M： slice (of meat, bread, etc.), tablet (of medicine), expanse (of forest, ocean, etc.) |
13 |
|
piào |
N： ticket, note, bill, check, ballot, stamp |
18 |
|
pin |
BF： throw away, reject, disregard |
31 |
|
pīnmìng |
VO： risk one1s life, give one1s all, fight with all one1s strength, do or die A: with all oneTs might, for all one is worth, like mad |
31 |
|
pin |
(same ) |
31 |
|
pin |
BF： goods, commodities, merchandise |
10 |
|
pò |
BF： prod, rush, press, force |
27 |
|
q工 |
BF: |
period, time limit or duration |
4 |
|
qī |
BF: |
wife |
25 |
|
qīzi |
N: |
wife |
25 |
|
BF： |
uniform, equal, even, orderly, neatly arranged, lined up |
7 | |
|
qi |
V： |
ride (bicycle, horse, etc.) |
16 |
|
qí zìxíngchē* |
VO： |
ride a bicycle |
16 |
|
qì |
N： tool, utensil, device |
5 |
|
qì |
BF： steam |
15 |
|
qìchē* |
N： car, automobile |
15 |
|
qìyóu |
N： gasoline |
31 |
|
qìliú |
N： (air) current |
7 |
|
qì |
V： lay (bricks)； build (brick walls, etc.) |
31 |
|
qìzhuān |
VO： lay bricks |
31 |
|
qìzhuānde |
N： bricklayer, mason |
31 |
|
qiān |
N： lead |
1 |
|
qiānbī* |
N： pencil |
1 |
|
qiánbiān(r) |
N： front, in front, before |
6 |
|
qiánjìn |
V： advance, forge ahead, press forward |
29 |
|
qiányuàn* |
N： front yard |
19 |
|
qian |
SV： shallow (lit. or fig.) |
16 |
|
qianlán* |
N： light blue |
16 |
|
qiàn |
BF： feelings of regret, remiss, dissatisfaction, embarrassment |
26 |
|
qiāng |
N： gun, firearm (M：才支) |
30 |
|
qiáng |
SV： strong, powerful |
11 |
|
qiáng |
N： wall （M：惜） |
23 |
|
qiang |
V： rob, plunder, take by force, pillage |
30 |
|
qiang liáng(shi) |
VO： seize grain supplies |
30 |
|
qiāo |
V： strike, hit |
19 |
|
qiāomén |
VO： knock (on the door) |
19 |
|
.V qie |
BF： furthermore, moreover |
16 |
|
qīn |
BF： invadej encroach, trespass |
13 |
|
qīnlUè |
V： invade, aggress upon N： invasion, aggression |
13 |
|
qín |
BF： industrious, diligent, hard working |
13 |
车油流 器汽汽汽至砌
仓茧啬仑 才5步才
勤劳
琴
清上
清华大学
轻
青
青年 情况 庆
秋秋求曲取
取出取 取得 取东西
取线
全 全国
qínláo
qín
qīng qīngchu* qinghuá dàxué
qīng
qing
qīngnián
qíngkuàng
qing
qiū qiūtian* qiú
qu
V
qu
quchulai* qudé
qu dongxi*
qu qián*
quán quánguó
|
N： SV： |
diligence, hard work diligent, hardworking, industrious |
13 |
|
BF： |
classical Chinese lute with 5 or 7 strings； stringed instruments such as the piano, violin, harp, etc. |
21 |
|
SV： |
clear |
7 |
|
SV： |
clear |
7 |
|
N： |
Tsinghua University (in Peking) |
28 |
|
SV： A: |
light； trifling, insignificant lightly, with little regard |
29 |
|
SV： |
the color of luxuriant vegetation； rich green or blue； youthful |
29 |
|
N： Att ： |
youth (lit. the green years) youthful, young |
29 |
|
N： |
conditions, circumstances, situation |
10 |
|
BF ： |
blessings, good fortune； to celebrate or congratulate |
15 |
|
BF： |
autumn |
8 |
|
N： |
autumn |
8 |
|
V： |
seek, beg, request |
22 |
|
N： |
song, melody, tune, piece |
21 |
|
V： |
fetch, take out, get, pick up (things, not people) |
28 |
|
RC： |
take out, withdraw |
28 |
|
V： |
get, obtain, gain, acquire, attain, win |
28 |
|
VO： |
pick something up (at a store, etc.) |
28 |
|
VO： |
withdraw money, make a withdrawl |
28 |
|
BF： |
entire, whole |
24 |
|
N： |
the whole country； |
24 |
nationwide, national
|
全家 |
quánjiā |
. N： |
the whole family |
24 |
|
全市 |
quánshì |
N： |
the whole city； citywide |
24 |
|
全世界 仝世泉被 |
quán shìjiè |
N： |
the whole world； worldwide |
24 |
|
quán shìjiè bèi |
all the oppressed people of |
27 | ||
|
yāpò rénmin |
the world | |||
|
全校 |
quánxiào |
N： |
the whole school |
24 |
|
@^心~ 全' quánxīnquányì |
A： |
wholeheartedly |
26 | |
|
全中国人民 |
quán zhongguo rénmin |
all the Chinese people, all the people of China |
24 | |
|
劝 |
quan |
V： |
pursuade, urge, advise |
20 |
|
确 |
què |
BF： |
true, real |
7 |
|
群 |
qun |
M： |
flock, herd, group, crowd |
30 |
|
群众 |
qunzhòng |
N： |
the masses |
30 |
|
群众运动 qúnzhòng yùndòng |
N： D |
mass movement ) |
30 | |
|
让 |
ràng |
■ V： |
k yield, give in； let, allow； have (someone do something) |
14 |
|
cv： |
by | |||
|
热, |
、 re |
SV： |
hot |
8 |
|
热发 |
real |
V： |
love (ardently), cherish, |
22 |
|
treasure, have a great love f or | ||||
|
批列 |
rèliè |
SV： |
warm, cordial, exuberant |
28 |
|
一、、、、、、、 热情 |
A： |
warmly, cordially, exuberantly | ||
|
rèqíng |
SV： |
warmj ardent, enthusiastic |
14 | |
|
N： |
warmth, ardor, enthusiasm | |||
|
热7 |
rèxīn* - |
SV： |
earnest, ardent, warmhearted, enthusiastic, zealous |
8 |
|
人民 |
renmin |
N： |
people |
3 |
|
民 旦才艮rgnmín huàbào |
China Pictorial |
3 | ||
|
人民日报 |
renmin rìbào |
Peopled Daily |
18 | |
|
人民英雄 |
rénmin yīngxióng |
the Monument to the People1s |
16 | |
|
jinianbei |
Heroes (in Tian An Men Square) | |||
|
人民战争 |
rénmin zhànzheng |
N： |
peopleT s war |
21 |
|
R (Cont.) | ||
|
rényuán |
N： personnel |
17 |
|
rènzhēn |
SV： conscientious, serious A： conscientiousíy, seriously |
7 |
|
rēng |
V： throw； throw away |
25 |
|
rú |
BF： according to； like, such as； come up to, be comparable to； if |
21 |
|
rúguo |
MA： if |
21 |
|
s | ||
|
sài |
V： compete |
24 |
|
sàipao |
V： run a footrace N： footrace |
24 |
|
sānnián zhěng |
a full 3 years, 3 years exactly |
7 |
|
san |
BF： scattered, dispersed, broken up, scattered, loose, relaxed, rambling |
23 |
|
san |
V： scatter, disperse, break up, scatter, loosen, relax, ramble |
23 |
|
sànbù* |
VO： ramble, stroll, go for a walk |
23 |
|
sàxihuì* |
VO: break up (a meeting), adjourn |
23 |
|
sè |
BF: color |
14 |
|
、 V . secai |
N： color (literal or figurative) |
14 |
|
shā |
BF： sand； a surname |
21 |
|
shājiābāng |
N： Shachiapang (lit. Sands Family Creek-village in Kiangsu where Communists resisted Japanese) |
21 |
|
shā |
V： kill |
30 |
|
shàrén |
VO： commit murder |
30 |
|
shāsī |
V： kill |
30 |
|
shāngou |
N： gulch, gully, draw, stream or stream bed |
29 |
员真 果
人认如 3
洪
散色色沙沙
人死沟 杀杀杀山
|
S (Cont.) | |||
|
shāng |
BF： |
discuss； trade, commerce |
.6 |
|
shāngdiàn |
. N: |
store, shop |
6 |
|
shāngliang* |
N： |
discuss, talk over |
6 |
|
shāngyè |
N： |
commerce | |
|
shāng |
BF： V： |
wound, injury, physical or emotional hurt, grief wound, injure； suffer from |
22 |
|
shāngfeng* |
VO： |
catch cold, have a cold (lit. suffer from the wind) |
22 |
|
shàngbān* |
VO： |
go to work, go on duty, be at work or on duty |
3 |
|
shangbiān(r) |
N： |
top, on top, above |
6 |
|
shàngdì* |
N： |
God (lit» supreme ruler) |
-25 w |
|
shanghai |
N： |
Shanghai |
14 |
|
shàngkè* |
VO： |
go to class, hold class |
1 |
|
shànglóu* |
VO： |
go upstairs |
6 |
|
shàngmian |
N： |
topj above |
20 |
|
shàngwu* |
N： |
morning, forenoon |
3 |
|
shāo |
V： N： |
burn, singe, scorch, fire (bricks), bake, roast, cook fever |
23 |
|
shāoshāng |
V： |
be burned, suffer burns |
23 |
|
shāoshui |
VO： |
boil water |
23 |
|
shaozhuān |
VO： |
fire or bake bricks (in a kiln) |
31 |
|
shào |
BF： |
connect, continue |
10 |
|
she |
BF： |
dwelling, hostel |
4 |
|
she |
BF： |
society, community； association, corporation, agency |
,6 |
|
shèhui |
N： |
society |
ó |
|
shèhuìzhuyì |
N： |
socialism |
22 |
|
shèhuìzhuyì gémìng |
N： |
socialist revolution |
22 |
|
shèhuìzhuyì jiànshè |
N： |
socialist construction, the building of socialism |
22 |
店量业 商商部商伤
社会主X考 社里 社员 谈
shèhuìzhuyìzhe
shell
sheyuan
she
she jì
shen shěnti* shēn shēnlU shēnkè
士
生命 生词 生活
shén shénxian shēng(r) shēngdiào shēngyin^ shēngchan
shengmìng shēngcí
shēnghuó^
|
生活条件 |
shěnghuó tiáojiàn |
|
月生 |
shèng |
|
月史利 |
shènglì |
|
师 |
shi |
|
失 |
shī |
|
涅 |
shī |
|
湿谈3 |
shitoule |
|
N： socialist |
22 |
|
N： commune |
24 |
|
N： comiìiune member |
17 |
|
BF： devisej set up, build, erect |
17 |
|
V： design, work out, lay out N： design |
28 |
|
BF: body |
8 |
|
N： body, health |
8 |
|
SV： deep (lite or figa) |
28 |
|
N： dark green |
28 |
|
SV- deep, profound A： deeply, profoundly |
28 |
|
N： deity, god? goddess9 spirit |
23 |
|
N： immortal |
25 |
|
N： sound, voice, noise |
7 |
|
N： tone (of spoken Chinese) |
7 |
|
N： sound, voice, noise |
7 |
|
V： produce N： production |
10 |
|
N： life |
22 |
|
N： new word(s), vocabulary (of a lesson) |
1 |
|
V： live, make a living N： livelihoodj living, life |
7 |
|
N： 1iving conditions |
10 |
|
BF： overcome, exceed, surpass； win, be victorious |
20 |
|
V- win, be victorious N： victory |
20 |
|
N： teacher； (military) division |
1 |
|
BFs lose s miss, slip up |
26 |
|
SV： damp, moist, wet, humid (opposite of 干 5 |
31 |
|
SV： wet through, soaked, drenched |
31 |
号 哇处 三堂践验验验在 十食食实实实实实实
shísānhào*
shí
shítáng
shí shíjiàn
shiyàn
shíyànshì
r^shíyàn zhīshi shízai*
|
实在的说s£z"de Shuō* | |
|
时间 |
shíjiān |
|
时期 |
shíqí |
|
石 |
shí |
|
石头 |
shítou* |
|
史 |
shi |
|
shi | |
|
使 |
shí |
|
使 |
shí |
|
至 |
shi |
|
视 |
shi |
|
世 |
shi |
|
世界 |
shijie |
|
世界大战 |
shijiè dàzhàn* |
|
世界上 |
shijièshang* |
|
适 |
shi |
|
士 |
shi |
|
#13, the thirteenth of the month |
3 | |
|
BF： |
eat； food |
6 |
|
N： |
dining hall, cafeteria |
6 |
|
BF： |
true, real, actual |
10 |
|
V： |
put into practice |
10 |
|
-N： |
practice | |
|
Att ： |
practical | |
|
N： |
experiment, test |
28 |
|
N： |
laboratory |
28 |
|
N： |
experimental knowledge |
28 |
|
SV： |
true? real, actual |
10. |
|
A： |
truly, really, actually | |
|
to be honest with you, to tell you the truth |
10 | |
|
N： |
time |
8 |
|
N： |
period (of time) |
4 |
|
BF： |
rock, stone； a surname |
25 |
|
N： |
rock, stone (M：步夬) |
25 |
|
BF： |
history |
1 |
|
BF： |
start, begin |
5 |
|
.BF： |
foreign emissary , |
14 |
|
V： |
use； make, cause |
17 |
|
BF： |
room, office |
3 |
|
BF： |
regard, look at or upon |
17 |
|
BF： |
era, generation； the world |
18 |
|
N： |
the world |
18： |
|
N： |
world war |
21 |
|
N： |
in the world |
18 |
|
BF： |
just right, proper, fitting, appropriate |
18 |
|
BF： |
officer, scholar, gentleman, |
22 |
warrior (title of respect)
|
S (Cont.) | |
|
市 shì |
BF： marketplace； urban area, metropolis, municipality (PRC administrative unit) |
|
示 shi |
BF： show, indicate, demonstrate, |
|
rnake known |
条苦都货 妆收收首备隹雇口受
shou shoutiáor* shouyīnji shou
shoudū
shou shouhuòyuán shou
|
受剥削 |
shou boxué |
VO： |
|
受不5 |
shòubuliáo |
RC： |
|
受…的影。依 |
|shòu...de yíngxiang | |
|
受伤 |
shòushāng |
VO： |
|
shou súnshi |
VO： | |
|
shou yāpò |
VO: | |
|
箜重伤 |
shou zhongshāng |
VO： |
|
昌店 |
shūdiàn |
N： |
|
书架子 |
shūjià(zi)* |
N： |
|
shū jtí |
N： | |
|
输 |
shū |
BF： |
|
输也 |
shuxuè |
VO： |
receive, accept, collect receipt
radio (M：or 音甲 bù) head； chief, principal capital (of a country) sell
salesclerk
be on the receiving end of： receive, undergo, withstand, endure, suffer, accept suffer exploitation, be exploited, get fleeced
canT t stand (something) be influenced by...
suffer a wound, be wounded, sustain injuries
suffer loss or damage suffer oppression, be oppressed
be seriously injured or wounded
bookstore
bookshelf
bookstore
transport； lose (a game, bet, etc.)
give or receive a transfusion, be the donor for a transfusion (lit. transfuse blood)
|
叔 |
shu |
BF： uncle (father*s younger brother) |
|
叔叔 |
shūshu |
N： uncle |
24
31
9
9
9
5
5
18
18
22
27
22
23
22
26
27
22
6
4
18
22
22
23
|
shú (shou) | |
|
藐人 |
shúrén* |
|
shu | |
|
束 |
shù |
|
亲杲 |
shuíguo* |
|
水岸 |
shuikù |
|
流a |
shuīliú |
|
水平 |
shuīping |
|
水灾 |
shulzāi |
|
思想 |
«> . V sixiang |
|
死 |
V SI |
|
死人 |
sīrén* |
|
四间教室 |
sijian jiàoshì |
|
国声 |
sìshēng* |
|
sòngxìn |
来 L -it到 舍然女干 搜嫂搜叟宿宿虽虽科时利
sou
souchulai
soudào
sou
sù
sùshè*
sui suirán
sun
V
sūnnli
sūnzi
|
SV： ripe； done, cooked； familiar N： acquaintance, casual friend |
7 7 |
|
N： tree | |
|
BF： bind； bundle |
24 |
|
N： fruit |
21 |
|
N： reservoir |
29 |
|
N： (water) current |
7 |
|
N： level, standard (lit. water |
10 |
|
level) | |
|
Att： horizontal | |
|
N： flood, inundation, deluge |
26 |
|
N： thought, thinking, ideas, |
6 |
|
ideology | |
|
V： die, dead |
25 |
|
N： death | |
|
N： dead men, the dead |
25 |
|
four classrooms |
3 |
|
N： the four tones |
7 |
|
VO： deliver a letter, convey |
31 |
|
a message, get word (to | |
|
someone) | |
|
BF： search |
30 |
|
RC： recover, turn up, find |
30 |
|
(in a search) | |
|
RC： recover, turn up, find |
30 |
|
(in a search) | |
|
BF： old man |
25 |
|
BF： spend the night, stay |
4 |
|
(somewhere) | |
|
N： dormitory |
4 |
|
BF： although |
12 |
|
MA： although, even though |
12 |
|
BF： grandchild |
25 |
|
N： granddaughter |
25 |
|
fc： grandson |
25 |
|
领 领失 |
sun sunshi |
BF: loss, damage V： lose, suffer a loss N: loss, damage |
26 26 |
|
T | |||
|
及也 |
tā |
N： she |
1 |
|
它 |
tā |
N:. it |
25 |
|
台 |
tai |
BF: tall flat structure： tower, raised platform, stage, terrace, table； typhoon M： piece of machinery or equipment |
28 |
|
招 |
tai |
V： lift, raise； carry (between two or more persons) |
22 |
|
杉起头来 |
táiqitóulai |
RC： look up, raise the head |
22 |
|
tàiyang* |
N： sun |
24 | |
|
谈 |
tan |
V： talk about, discuss |
13 |
|
谈诒 |
tánhuà* |
VO： talk, converse |
13 |
|
堂 |
tang |
BF： hall, spacious room |
6 |
|
糖 |
tang |
N： sugar, candy (M:十夫 for piece, fr for catty, 包 bWo for bag)' |
9 |
|
躺 |
tang |
V： lie down, recline |
19 |
|
能在床上 |
t angzai chuángshang' |
k lie in bed |
19 |
|
躺着 |
tangzhe* |
V： lying down, reclining |
19 |
|
讨 |
tao |
V： seek, ask for, request demand |
9 |
|
词饭 |
taofan |
VO： beg (as a means of livelihood) |
9 |
|
讨论 |
taolùn |
V： discuss, debate N： discussion, debate |
9 |
|
特 |
tè |
BF： special, peculiar |
12 |
|
特别 |
tèbié* |
SV： special, distinctive, peculiar A： especially, particularly |
12 |
|
梯 |
tí |
BF: stairs, steps |
29 |
|
幡田 |
tītián |
N：^ terraced fields |
29 |
tí
timu*
tí
tígāo
彳本 橹 天安门
tl
tì
tiānāniīién
天还没壳
tiānānmén guangchang
tian hái méi liàng
tian liàng
田田奈跳跳厅叫通
tian
不清
tiánll tiáojiàn tiào tiàowu
ting tīngbuqīng
tong
话 卒电 南一 \&一 V®/ 、4 、i * À
tongche*
tong diànhuà*
tongguò
I 司 tong
|
N：, |
topic, problem |
2 |
|
N： |
topic, theme, title |
2, 16 |
|
V： |
raise, bring up, remind, propose, suggest |
10 |
|
RC： |
raise (standards), heighten (consciousness)； improve or |
10 |
|
develop | ||
|
BF： |
body |
8 |
|
CV： |
for (in place of) |
30 |
|
N： |
Tian An Men (also known as the Gate of Heavenly Peace) |
16 |
|
N： |
Tian An Men Square |
16 |
|
the sky is not yet light； before daybreak |
31 | |
|
the sky becomes light； day break |
31 | |
|
N： |
field, farmland |
29 |
|
N： |
(in) the fields |
29 |
|
N： |
conditions, terms |
10 |
|
V： |
jump, leap, dance |
23 |
|
V0： |
dance |
23 |
|
BF： |
large room, hall |
14 |
|
RC： |
contraction of d斤不清楚^ |
26 |
|
V： |
get through, let through, put through, pass through |
24 |
|
V0： |
accessible by train, bus or car |
24 |
|
V0： |
put through a call； have phone service |
24 |
|
V： |
go through, go by, pass overj cross； put through, endorse, approve, adopt y pass (a resolution, etc.) |
24 |
|
SV： |
through, via, by way of | |
|
SV： |
the same |
4 |
V：1 in the same (class, group, etc.)
|
tóngbān* |
VO： be in the same class N： classmate |
4 |
|
tóngshí* |
MA： at the same time |
4 |
|
tóngshì* |
VO： be a colleague of N： colleague, fellow worker |
4 |
|
tóngxué* |
VO： be a schoolmate of N： schoolmate |
4 |
|
tóngyì |
V： agree |
22 |
|
tóngzhì |
N： comrade |
10 |
|
tòu |
BF： penetrate, go through； let through, leak, reveal； transparent； penetrating； through and through |
31 |
|
tū |
BF： protrude sharply, stick out or poke through abruptly； sudden, abrupt |
30 |
|
tūchu |
RC： protrude sharply, stick out |
30 |
|
tūrán |
SV： sudden, abrupt MA： suddenly, all of a sudden |
30 |
|
tu |
N： diagram, chart, illustration |
4 |
|
túshūguan* |
N： library |
4 |
|
tu |
N： earth, soil, dirt, dust |
29 |
|
tudì |
N： land, ground |
29 |
|
tuán |
N： group, regiment, corps |
15 |
|
tuánjié |
V： unite j rally N: unity, solidarity |
24 |
|
tuī |
V： push； give a push to, promote； push off (onto someone else), put off, postpone, decline |
31 |
|
w | ||
|
wā |
V： dig, gouge |
25 |
|
wá |
BF： baby, doll |
30 |
|
wàibiān(r) |
N： outside |
6 |
|
wàikē* |
N： surgical department, surgery |
15 |
|
wàimian |
N： outside |
20 |
班时事学意志 可同间同同同逶
出然芍地结* 突突突图图土 土团团推
边科面 挖娃汴外外
|
W (Cont.) | |||
|
外文 |
wàiwén |
N： foreign language |
9 |
|
完成 |
wánchéng |
V： bring to completion, perfection or fulfillment； consummate, coHiplete, perfect, fulfill |
26 |
|
王村 |
wángcūn |
N： Wangcun (lit, Kingville) |
26 |
|
望 |
wàng |
BF： look into the distance, look towards, look forward to |
13 |
|
危 |
wei |
BF： danger |
22 |
|
危险 |
wēixian |
SV： dangerous, critical (illness or injury), in danger N： danger |
22 |
|
伟 |
wei |
BF： big, great |
22 |
|
伟大 |
weidà |
SV： great |
22 |
|
围 |
wei |
BF： surround, encircle, gather around |
28 |
|
围着 |
wéizhe |
V： surrounding, encircling, gathered around |
28 |
|
尾 |
wei |
BF： tail |
30 |
|
尾巴 |
weiba |
N： tail |
30 |
|
为了 |
wèi(le) |
A： for, on behalf of, for the sake of, in order to, with |
11 |
a view to, for the purpose of
|
为…奋斗 |
wèi...fèndòu |
fight for... , strive for..., struggle for... |
29 |
|
利益工作 为人民月艮务 |
wèi rénmín de |
work for the good of the |
26 |
|
lìyi gongzuò jArèi renmín fúwu |
people serve the people |
26 | |
|
文化 |
wénhuà* |
N： culture |
4 |
|
义化大革命 |
wénhuà dàgémìng |
the Cultural Revolution |
20 |
|
闻 |
wen |
BF： hear； what has been heard, news |
16 |
|
闻到 |
wéndào* |
V： smell, sniff RC： smell |
16 |
|
间凝 |
wèntí* |
N： problem, question |
2 |
|
我敢说 |
wo gan shuo* |
I dare say |
13 |
|
wò |
BF： grasp, hold in the hand |
7 | |
|
樨f |
wòshou |
VO： shake hands |
14 |
|
WU |
BF： |
|
彳-wuf an* 五把椅子wBbZ yizi |
N： |
|
舞 w5 |
BF： |
|
wudao 拜跖 、 7良 w" |
N： BF： |
|
务 W立 |
BF： |
|
析 |
XÍ |
BF： |
|
包 |
XI |
BF： |
|
奈望 |
XĪ X Twang* |
BF： V/N： |
|
吸 |
XÍ |
BF： |
|
吸弓1 |
xīyxn |
V： |
|
吸引住 |
xiyinzhù |
V： |
|
♦ XX |
BF： | |
|
才惯 |
xíguàn* |
SV： N: |
|
嘛 |
♦ XI |
BF： |
|
系 |
XI |
n/m： |
班边课楼面不雪 下下下下下下T
xiàbān* VO： xiàbiān(r) N： xiàkè* VO：
xiàlóu* VO： xiàmian N： xiàwu* N： xiàxue* VO：
take on (professional or
public duties), serve
attract
habit
(of food at a banquet, etc.)
link, connection, line, lineage
class
|
下志1 I |
xiàyu* -% ■ xia |
VO：. rain BF： summer |
8 8 |
|
Í天 |
xiàtian* |
" N： summer |
8 |
|
又 4山 险 |
xiān |
BF： immortal, fairy, elf, goddess |
25 |
|
xian |
BF： danger |
22 | |
|
献 |
xiàn |
BF： give, present, offer |
29 |
|
现代 |
xiàndài |
BF： modern, contemporary |
21 |
|
相 |
xiāng |
BF： reciprocal, mutual, one to |
11 |
|
another | |||
|
相当 |
xiāngdāng* |
A： fairly, pretty, comparatively |
11 |
|
福互 |
xiānghù |
A： mutually, reciprocally, one to another |
11 |
|
相信 |
xiangxm |
V： believe |
11 |
|
响 |
xiang |
V： make a sound or noise N： sound |
21 |
|
SV： loud | |||
|
想到人氏 |
xiangdào rénmín de lìyi |
consider the interests of the people |
26 |
|
柞1 |
xiàng |
N： likeness, picture, |
13 |
|
photograph | |||
|
相月 |
xiàngpiàn(r)* |
N： photograph |
13 |
|
向 |
xiàng |
V： face, look toward, turn to； |
16 |
|
aim, aspire or strive (in a certain direction) | |||
|
CV： toward | |||
|
向来 |
xiànglái(bu-)* |
MA： always (never) |
16 |
|
何阳 |
xiàngyáng |
BF： facing the sun； sunny side |
29 |
|
向F0人民 公社 |
xiàngyán^ rénmín gongshe |
Sunnyside People * s Commune | |
|
彖 |
xiàng |
N： likeness, picture, portrait, |
28 |
|
statue (of a person)； elephant | |||
|
SV： alike, similar, close in | |||
|
appearance or nature | |||
|
V： resemble, look like, seem, | |||
|
appear to be； such as | |||
|
消 |
xiāo |
BF： melt, disolve, disperse, |
30 |
|
break down, consumey digest | |||
|
xiāomiè |
V： wipe out, annihilate, do away |
30 | |
|
with, exterminate, eradicate, destroy, stamp out | |||
|
小时 |
xiaoshí |
N/M： hour |
23 |
|
• z xie |
BF： act in harmony, work in concert |
21 | |
|
件奏曲 |
xiézouqu |
N: concerto |
21 |
|
.V xie |
N： blood |
22 | |
|
新华村 |
xinhuácūn |
N： Xinhuacun (lit. New China Village) |
26 |
|
新华字映 |
(xinnua zidian |
the New China Dictionary |
15 |
|
新闻 |
xīnwén* |
N: news |
16 |
|
xìn |
BF： (spicy) hot, pungent, acrid； painful, sorrowful, toilsome |
25 | |
|
xínku |
V： work hard N： hard work, hardship SV： tiring, hard, tough； hardworking IE： Commendable effortJ, Good work! |
25 | |
|
信 |
xìn(r) |
N： letter, ,message, news, word, information |
31 |
|
信封儿 |
xìnfēngr* |
N： envelope |
17 |
|
信心 |
xìnxin |
N： confidence (lit. trusting heart) |
24 |
|
xíng |
BF： star, heavenly body |
4 | |
|
xíngqi* |
N： week |
4 | |
|
行前 |
xíngdong |
V： act, move N： action, movement |
31 |
|
|
V： recover consciousness, come to, wake up |
30 | |
|
醵ii来 |
xīng(guo)lai |
RC： wake up, come to |
30 |
|
xìng |
BF: interest, pleasure, excitement |
13 | |
|
xìng |
BF： lucky, fortunate, happy； fortune, happiness, well-being |
13 | |
|
xìngfií |
SV： happy (blessed with good fortune) ' N： good fortune, well-being, happiness |
27 | |
|
幸福,生力轩Wngfli shènghuó |
a good life, a happy life, a life blessed with good fortune |
27 | |
|
X |
(Cont.) | ||
|
xìngkuī* |
A： |
fortunately |
27 |
|
xióng |
BF： |
masculine, virile, powerful |
16 |
|
xiū |
BF： |
rest； take a break or vacation； resign |
5 |
|
xiūxi* |
V： |
rest, take a break or vacation | |
|
xiū |
BF： |
prune (trees, shrubs, etc.), refine, cultivate； repair, reform, revise |
17 |
|
xiūchéng |
V： |
build |
17 |
|
xiūjiàn |
V： |
build |
23 |
|
xiūli |
V： |
repair, fix |
17 |
|
xiuqi |
V： |
build |
17 |
|
xū |
BF： |
necessary |
12 |
|
xúduo |
Nu： |
many, much |
21 |
|
xù |
BF： |
continue |
29 |
|
xuan |
V： |
select, choose； vote for, elect |
27 |
|
xue |
BF： |
peel, skin, strip, fleece |
27 |
|
xuéxí |
v/n： |
study |
1 |
|
xue |
N： |
snow |
8 |
|
xuè |
N： |
blood |
22 |
|
Y | |||
|
yà |
BF： |
press down on, repress, suppress, compress, oppress, pressure |
27 |
|
yālì |
N： |
pressure |
27 |
|
yāpo |
V： N： |
oppress oppression |
27 |
|
yān |
V： |
inundate, flood, drown |
26 |
|
yānsī |
V： |
drown • |
26 |
|
yánse* |
V： |
color |
14 |
|
yán |
BF： |
words, speech, language |
25 |
|
yán |
BF： |
grind into fine powder； scrutinize, examine, inspect |
28 |
|
yánjiu* |
V： N： |
go deeply into, study, do research on research | |
|
yan |
BF： |
eye |
30 |
|
yànjìng(r)* |
-N： |
eyeglasses (M：*]fù) |
30 |
|
yanjing* |
N： |
eye （M：只） |
30 |
|
yankan |
A： |
at any moment, just on the verge of |
30 |
|
yan |
V： |
perform, act, show |
23 |
|
yán diànying |
VO： |
act in movies or show movies |
23 |
|
yan |
BF： |
examine, test |
11 |
|
yang |
BF： |
sun； the male or creative force in nature |
24 |
|
yang |
BF： |
raise, elevate, bring to light |
29 |
|
yang |
N： |
sheep (M:只) |
30 |
|
yángqun |
N： |
a flock of sheep |
30 |
|
yángguīzi* |
N: |
foreign devil |
30 |
|
yào |
N： |
medicine, herb, chemical compound, drug |
19 |
|
yàofāng(r)* |
N： |
prescription |
19 |
|
yàofáng* |
N： |
pharmacy, medicine shop |
19 |
|
ye |
BF： |
father |
24 |
|
yè |
BF： |
calling, trade, occupation, profession |
4 |
|
yíf u* |
N： |
clothes, clothing |
11 |
|
yī |
BF： |
doctor； medical science, (the field of) medicine |
19 |
|
yīyuàn* |
N： |
hospital |
19 |
|
yī |
BF： |
lean on, rely on； draw near, stay near, be near； follow, obey, comply with； according |
29 to |
|
yikào ! |
V： |
lean on, depend on, rely on |
29 |
|
yíbiàn |
Nu-M： |
once |
12 |
、衣医
|
一个个 |
yígègè |
one by one, one at a time (contraction of 一 个 一 个) |
30 |
|
一个又一个 |
yígè you yígè |
one after the other |
30 |
|
一共 |
yígòng* |
A： altogether, in all, all told |
3 |
|
一架飞机 |
yijia feiji |
one aircraft |
4 |
|
一路平安 |
yílù pingan* |
IE： bon voyage (lit. may your entire route be smooth and |
16 |
|
peaceful) | |||
|
一芮 |
yípiàn(r)* |
Nu-M： one slice of..., one...tablet, an expanse of... |
13 |
|
一下 |
yíxià(r) |
Nu-M： oncej awhile； in a moment, |
17 |
|
or |
" quickly, briefly | ||
|
一下子 |
yíxiàzi | ||
|
一座楼 |
yízuò lóu |
, a building |
6 |
|
一座工 |
yízuò shān |
a mountain |
6 |
|
y工 |
BF： move, shift, relocate, transfer, transmit |
25 | |
|
移动 |
yídòng |
V： move, shift |
25 |
|
V yi |
BF： chair |
4 | |
|
焉于 |
yízi* |
N： chair (M:个?巴) |
4 |
|
V y工 |
(contraction of 已经^ ) |
24 | |
|
咏为 |
V z. yiwei |
V： assume, suppose, think, be under the impression |
20 |
|
-S米赛跑 |
yìbaimi sàipao |
lOO-meter dash |
24 |
|
一封信 |
yìfēng xìn* |
a letter |
17 |
|
一连 |
yìlián |
A: in succession, in a row |
20 |
|
一起 |
、 V yiqi |
N： together (like - 心 ) |
5 |
|
一信机器 |
yìtái jīqi |
N： a piece of machinery or |
28 |
|
equipment, a machine, an engine | |||
|
一张床 |
yìzhāng chuán* |
one bed |
4 |
|
一支笔 |
yìzhi bl* |
a pen 2, |
18 |
|
yìzhī shou* |
one hand |
3 | |
|
一有 |
yìzh1 |
A： straight, directly； keep |
31 |
(doing something), in a continuous and unbroken stream
yìjian
yì yì yì
yìndù*
评麽支邢 yìndù zhīnà
yìnxiang
yīng
yīngguo* yīngwén* yīngxióng yīngyu
yīnggāi*
ying
ying
yíngxiang
(yíngxiang)
N: opinion, view, personal theory or idea
BF： translate
BF: friendship
BF： increase； increasingly, more； profit, advantage, benefit； beneficial
BF： sense of right, moral duty； meaning, significance
N: sound, musical note
N： music
BF： draw (up, out, back)； draw off, drain, divert (water)
N： stamp, seal, chop； imprint, trace
V： imprint, leave traces, print, make prints or copies
N： India (transliteration of the word THinduT)
N: Indochina (peninsula in SE Asia comprising Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Malaya, and Burma)
N： impression (lit. imprinted picture)
BF: sublime, noble, eminent； used in transliterating
N： England
N: English (language)
N: hero
N： English, the English language
A: should, ought to
BF: meet, welcome, receive
BF: shade, shadow, reflection
N： effect, impact, influence, repercussion (lit. shadow and echo)
V： affect, influence
28
9
11
26
22
2
14
26
18
18
18
28
16
14
23
应用
yìngyòng
yong
yonggan
yong
4c远不 用处 邮 邮局 螂累 游
油 游击队
yongyuan yong(yuan) bu-yòngchu
you yóujú yóupiào*
you yóuyong*
you yóujīduì
游击队员y6""d&yu和
有病 有道理 有经验
有％经验
南信0
愚 愚公
愚:公移Ja
于
youbìng* youdàoli*
youjīngyàn*
you X jíngyàn*
you xinxin
youyi yú yúgōng
yúgong yíshān
yú
yiíléi
V： apply
N: application
A： applied； practical
BF: brave, courageous
SV： brave, courageous, bold
BF: long, eternal, lasting； forever, eternally
MA: forever, eternally, always will never...
N: use, usage
BF: postal, mail
N: post office
N: postage stamp (M：4长)
BF： swim, float, drift, roam
V ： swim
N: oil, fuel, gasoline, sauce
N: guerrillas, guerrilla band (lit. floating strike force)
N: guerrilla (member of a guerrilla band)
VO: be sick
SV： logical, reasonable, plausible, convincing
SV： experienced
VO: have X experience, have experience in X
VO/SV： have confidence/confident
N： friendship
BF； stupid, foolish
N： Sir Stupid
How Sir Stupid Moved Mountains
BF： (preposition in classical Chinese meaning 1 toward, to, with, at, by,1 etc.)
N； torpedo
14
13
13
19
19
19
16
18
18
18
30
30
31
30
30
19
17
11
11
24
11
25
25
25
24
30
|
•V yu |
BF： |
language |
2 |
|
yùf a |
N： |
grammar |
2 |
|
V yu |
N： |
rain |
8 |
|
V yu |
BF： |
name of the reputed founder3g of the legendary Hsia (xiā,是) dynasty, B.C, 2205, known as 夫禺 the Great YU or iib 离 the Divine YU । I 巴 |
26 |
|
yù |
BF： |
beforehand, pre |
2 |
|
yùxí |
V： |
prepare |
2 |
|
yù |
BF： |
meet with |
13 |
|
yùjian |
RC： |
encounter, happen upon, run into, meet (by accident) |
13 |
|
yù |
BF： |
reside, residence； fable |
25 |
|
yùyán |
N： |
fable (short tale to teach a moral) |
25 |
|
yuan |
SV： |
round, circular |
8 |
|
yuan |
BF： |
garden |
6 |
|
yuánzi* |
N： |
garden |
6 |
|
yuan |
BF： |
origin, original, originally |
11 |
|
yuánliang |
V： |
forgive |
17 |
|
yuányīn |
N： |
cause, reason |
11 |
|
yuán |
BF： |
member of a group, trade, organization, etc. |
17 |
|
yuan |
M： |
dollar (like but not followed by ) |
18 |
|
yuan |
BF： |
pull up, prop up； support, aid |
29 |
|
yuan |
N： |
courtyard, yard； term used for certain organizations and public places |
19 |
|
yuanzi* |
N： |
courtyard, yard |
19 |
|
yuè |
BF： |
music |
14 |
|
yuè |
BF： |
pass, surpass, exceed； more |
25 |
|
yuè.・.yuè..・ * |
the more..., the more... |
25 | |
|
yuèláiyue.. |
becoming increasingly.・., |
25 |
法
语语雨禹
子谅因
圜园园原原原员元援
、完
|
越来片&又隹yuèl壶yu君n£n* |
getting more and more difficult |
25 | |
|
运 |
yùn |
V： move, ship, transport |
24 |
|
运泅 |
yùndong* |
V： exercise N： exercise, sports, athletics； |
24 |
|
movement, campaign, drive | |||
|
运动杨 |
yùndongchang* |
N： sports arena, athletic field, stadium, track |
24 |
|
运动会 |
yùndonghuì |
N： sports meet, track meet |
24 |
|
芸力员 |
yùndongyuán |
N： athlete, sportsman |
-24 |
|
yùnzhuān |
VO： transport bricks (from the |
31 | |
|
kiln to the bricklayer) | |||
|
运石专的 |
yunzhuānde |
N： hod carrier |
31 |
|
z | |||
|
杂 杂志 |
， za |
BF： random, miscellaneous |
2 |
|
zázhì* |
N： magazine, periodical |
2 | |
|
zāi |
BF： calamity, catastrophe, |
26 | |
|
disaster | |||
|
在理论上 |
zài lilùnshang |
in theory, theoretically |
28 |
|
在X领导下 |
zài X līngdao xià |
under the leadership of X |
:27 |
|
在外上 |
zài X shang |
Patt： in terms of X, in X, of X |
11 |
|
在外下 |
zai X xia |
Patt： under X |
17 |
|
在％中 |
zài X zhong |
Patt： in X, during X |
17 |
|
。自 |
zán |
N： I, W6 , |
20 |
|
。自们 |
zánmen |
N： w.e, us (always includes listeners) |
20 |
|
赞 |
zàn |
BF： agree, admire, praise |
25 |
|
耍成 |
zànchéng |
V： be for (something), favor, be in favor of, approve of, |
25 |
|
go along with, agree to, subscribe to, endorse (opposite of 反又才) | |||
|
zànmei* |
V： praise |
25 | |
|
火人 |
zàng |
BF： safe hiding place, vault, |
30 |
cache, collection, storehouse, repository (of books, religious lore, etc.)
|
zào |
BF: |
do, create, make, fashion, build |
5 |
|
zào |
BF： |
soap |
9 |
|
zěng |
BF： |
increase, add to |
24 |
|
zengjìn |
V： |
promote, advance, enhance, improve |
24 |
|
zhan |
BF： |
unfold, unroll, open, expand |
8 |
|
zhanlan |
v/n： |
display, exhibit |
8 |
|
zharilanhuì |
N： |
exhibition |
8 |
|
zhàn |
BF: |
war； fight? battle |
21 |
|
zhànshèng |
V： |
defeat, win a victory over |
21 |
|
zhànshì |
-N： |
soldier, warrior, combatant |
22 |
|
zhànzhēng |
N： |
war |
21 |
|
zhang |
BF： |
palm of the hand； have in the palm of on6ts hand |
7 |
|
zhangwò |
V： |
take in hand, take charge of, handle, have a grasp on, have mastery of |
7 |
|
zhāo |
V： |
wave, beckon； recruit； attract |
14 |
进 曾曾
胜士
|
zhāodài |
V： entertain, be hospitable to. |
14 | |
|
N： |
take care of, look after service, hospitality- | ||
|
zhāodàihuì |
N： |
reception |
14 |
|
zhāohu |
V： |
call or wave to, accost, greet, salute, hail, say hello, beckon, welcome； |
18 |
|
N： |
greeting, salutation | ||
|
zháojí* |
VO： SV： |
get excited, become upset worried, anxious |
30 |
|
zhào |
V： |
cast light upon: shine on, illuminate； reflect light： look at oneTs image (as reflected in a mirror), make an image of (on film) |
13 |
|
zhàopiàn(r) |
N： |
photograph |
13 |
|
zhàoxiàng* |
VO： |
take a picture, have one's picture taken |
13 |
|
zhàoxiàngji* |
N： |
camera (M： or 3pb石) |
13 |
寺 /VÌ ? 才
呼 RD力D >4
|
老 |
zhe |
BF： (as a V or VO suffix) they |
4 |
|
who, he who, one who； (suffix particle) | |||
|
这里 |
zhèli (zhèlī) |
N： here /(j ) |
4 |
|
这一班 |
zhèyibān^ |
this class (shift, squad) |
3 |
|
珍 |
zhēn |
BF： valuable or precious things； |
17 |
|
to value or consider precious | |||
|
珍视 |
zhēnshì |
V： cherish, prize, treasure |
17 |
|
(lit. regard as precious) | |||
|
针 |
zhēn |
N： needle, pin； injection, shot M： injection, shot |
19 |
|
争 |
zhěng |
V： argue, contend, struggle, |
21 |
|
dispute, fight | |||
|
争取 |
zhengqú |
V： win (through struggle) |
28 |
|
整 |
zheng |
BF： whole, complete, intact |
7 |
|
整、 艮 |
zheng bādian* |
8：00 sharp, 8：00 on the dot |
7 |
|
整三舁 |
zheng sānnián* |
a full 3 years, 3 years exactly |
7 |
|
整齐 |
zhengq! |
SV： neat, orderly, shipshape |
,7 |
|
正确 |
zhèngquè |
SV： accurate, correct |
7 |
|
（政）冷 |
zhèngzhì* |
N： politics Att： political |
26 |
|
枝 |
zhī |
M： long thin object |
2 |
|
只 |
zhī |
M： one of a pair |
3 |
|
£ |
zhī |
BF： prop up, support； branch, |
18 |
|
subdivision | |||
|
M： military force or unit； | |||
|
branch- or stick-shaped object | |||
|
支持 |
zhīchí |
V/N： support |
19 |
|
支那 |
zhínà |
N： China (both the English and |
18 |
|
the Chinese term derive from the Sanskrit word ^ina1, meaning uncertain) | |||
|
支援 |
zhiyuán |
V/N： support, aid |
29 |
|
zhī |
BF： only |
3 | |
|
‘只好 |
zhíhao* |
A: the best thing to do is..., all one can do is... |
3 |
只要 只要没有 只有 Z氏包儿 指 指出来 指导 4a着 怎
制 制造 制造厂 管 智慧 留叟 :4s z / V
泠病 涔水
|
Z (Cont.) | ||
|
zhiyào |
MA: if only, provided that, so long as |
13 |
|
zhìyào méiyou.・.. |
barring..., so long as there are no... |
13 |
|
zhiyou |
MA: only； only if； can only |
25 |
|
zhíbāor |
N: paper bag, paper wrapper, envelope |
24 |
|
zhī |
BF: finger V： point at, indicate, refer to |
28 |
|
zhīchu(lai) |
RC: point out |
28 |
|
zhidao |
V： guide, direct N: guidance, direction |
28 |
|
zhizhe* |
V： pointing at, referring to |
28 |
|
zhì |
BF: remember, record； written record |
2 |
|
zhì |
BF: cut out, fashion, manufacture； regulate, fix, limit, control; set of rules, system |
5 |
|
zhìzào |
V： make, manufacture |
5 |
|
zhìzàochang |
N： manufacturing plant, factory |
5 |
|
zhì |
BF: wisdom, intelligence； wise, intelligent |
25 |
|
zhìhuì |
N： wisdom |
29 |
|
zhìsou |
N: Wise Old Man |
25 |
|
zhì |
V： control, put in order, • regulate, govern； cure or treat (an illness) |
26 |
|
zhìbìng |
VO: give medical treatment, cure a disease or illness |
26 |
|
zhìshuī |
VO: harness the rivers and watercourses (by building dikes, dams, etc») |
26 |
|
zhong^uó^gémìng bówuguān |
Museum of the Chinese Revolution |
20 |
|
zhongguo gòngchandang |
Chinese Communist Party (CCP) |
27 |
|
zhongguo rénmín jiefangjun |
the Chinese Peopled Liberation Army (PLA) |
22 |
|
’7 国锦。造^dngguG zhìzào | |
|
夫'和国 |
zhonghuá rénmín gònghéguo |
|
中间 |
zhongjian(r) |
|
中午 |
zhongwu* |
|
终 |
zhong |
|
终于 |
zhongyú |
地树田庄要 种稗稗种稗种i重
zhong zhòng zhongd'ì zhòngshù zhòngtián zhong zhuāngj zhòng zhòngyao
|
重^要，白勺 ^^zhBngyaode shì | |
|
重要问题 |
zhongyao wèntí |
|
人 | |
|
zhong | |
|
序 |
zhou |
|
周报 |
zhoubào |
|
周恩来 |
zhouēnlái |
|
王 |
zhu |
|
主人 |
zhurén |
|
zhuxí | |
|
"made in China" |
5 |
|
the Peoplef s Republic of China |
15 |
|
N： middle, center, between |
6 |
|
N： noon |
3 |
|
BF： end； from beginning to end, the whole... |
24 |
|
A： eventually, finally, at last (lit. ending with) |
24 |
|
M： kind, type, sort |
10 |
|
V： plant j sow |
23 |
|
VO： till the soil, cultivate |
23 |
|
VO： plant trees |
23 |
|
VO： farm (lit. plant fields) |
29 |
|
VO： plant crops, farm |
29 |
|
SV： heavy； weighty, serious |
22 |
|
SV： important, significant, major, crucial? paramount, weighty |
24 |
|
the important thing is to«.., the main thing is to... |
24 |
|
key issues, major problems, matters of greatest importance |
24 |
|
BF: numerous； multitudes, masses |
30 |
|
M： cycle |
9 |
|
BF： cycle, period； cyclic, | |
|
periodic | |
|
N： periodical, weekly magazine or journal |
“ 9 |
|
N： Zhou Enlai (1898-1976, Chinese Communist leader and Premier froiìi 1949 until his death) |
22 |
|
BF： host, master； to act as host or master： officiate, host, preside over； chief, main, essential； advocate |
22 |
|
N: master, host |
27 |
|
N： chairman |
27 |
|
主义 |
zhuyì* |
N： principle, doctrine, 1T-ismTT |
22 |
|
在 |
zhù |
BF： concentrate, f ix (one T s eyes or mind) upon |
2 |
|
注意 |
zhùyì* |
VO： pay attention V： pay attention to |
2 |
|
力主 意^也。斤zhByidu ting* |
listen attentively |
7 | |
|
助 |
zhù |
BF： assist, help |
3 |
|
隹院 |
zhùyuan* |
VO： stay in the hospital |
19 |
|
住我的 病人 |
zhu^uàn (de) bingrén* |
N： inpatient |
19 |
|
才兄 |
zhù |
V： wish, wishing |
17 |
|
筑 |
zhù |
BF： build |
23 |
|
zhu an |
BF： concentrate, focus, |
4 | |
specialize； exclusive, specialized； specialty
|
专门 |
zhuānmén |
A: |
exclusively, only； specialize in |
22 |
|
专业 |
zhuanyè |
N: |
major field, specialty, profession |
4 |
|
石专 |
zhuan |
N： |
brick (M： ) |
31 |
|
转 |
zhu an |
V： |
turn, revolve, rotate, transfer, relay, forward |
30 |
|
转移 |
zhuanyí |
V： |
shift (position or direction), transfer, move, relocate |
30 |
|
禁 |
zhuāng |
V： |
fill, put in, install, load, pack, enclose |
24 |
|
装满J |
zhuānmanle* |
RC： |
filled to capacity, fully 24, loaded, packed full |
31 |
|
装满汽油 |
zhuānman qìyóu |
VO： |
fill up (with gasoline) |
31 |
|
浆配 |
zhuāngpèi |
V： N： |
assemble (put together) assembly |
28 |
|
装配厂 （车间） |
zhuāngpèi chang |
N； |
assembly plant (or shop) |
28 |
|
(or chējiān) | ||||
|
装起来 |
zhuāngqilai* |
RC： |
load up, pack up |
24 |
|
蒙上 在 |
zhuāngshang* |
RC： |
load up, pack up |
24 |
|
zhuāng |
BF： |
farming community, farm, farmhouse； inn； solemn, |
29 |
serious, stern
zhuāngjia
zìdián*
自力更生 zìlìgēngsheng
息结
总结报告
总结经验;
泰 最后
作主人
N：
N：
crops
29
dictionary (of single characters and their meanings)
self-reliance (lit. make a new life through one's own efforts•--refers to the policy of relying on China*s own efforts rather than depending on help from other nations)
|
zìshā |
V： commit suicide |
|
zong |
V： add together, sum up A： always BF； general, overall, main, head, chief |
|
zongjié |
V： sum up N： summary |
|
zongjié bàogào |
N： concluding report (of a committee, etc.) |
|
zongjié jīngyàn |
VO： sum up experiences |
|
zongshi* |
A： always |
|
zòu |
V： play (music) |
|
zuìhòu |
N： final, last, ultimate MA： finally, at last, ultimately |
|
zuìjin |
N： in the immediate past or future： recent, most recent, latest； imminent MA： recently, lately； imminently |
|
zuo |
BF： seat M： (large objects such as buildings, cities and mountains) |
|
zuòmanle* |
RC： seated to capacity, “ "" standing room only |
|
zuòr* |
N： seat |
|
zuòtán |
N： group discussion |
|
zuòtánhuì |
N： conference, seminar |
|
zuowei* |
N： seat |
|
zuòpín |
N： work (artistic, literary, etc.) |
|
zuòzhàn |
VO： wage war, engage in combat, fight |
|
zuò zhurén |
VO： be master, act as host |
30
28
28
28
28
28
21
12
12
6
31
6
28
28
6
21
21
12
29
APPENDIX III
Part II
Supplementary Vocabulary
A
|
啊，你说什么 |
a nī shuo shénme |
What? What did you say? |
15 |
|
哂,我明白3 |
à9 wo míngbaile |
Oh, now I understand! |
15 |
|
安装 |
ānzhuāng |
V： install |
24 |
|
B | |||
|
巴西 |
bāxī |
N： Brazil |
30 |
|
白米 |
báimī |
N： polished rice |
24 |
|
斗匕京 广^běijīng guangbo 电?却由 di.à_nt£i |
N： Radio Peking |
28 | |
|
背着 |
bèizhe..・ |
behind someone T s back |
7 |
|
汾 |
biānjiè |
N： border |
18 |
|
不 要* 总' 了。阿 biíy才0 wangle a |
Don,t forget, now! |
15 | |
|
步枪 |
bùqiāng |
N： rifle |
30 |
|
14 | |||
|
彩色 |
V • 、 caise |
C N： color |
14 |
|
Att： color, in color, colored | |||
|
彩色电影 |
；caisè diànying |
N： color movie |
14 |
|
长度 |
chángdù |
N： length |
18 |
|
长沙 |
chángshā |
N： Changsha (lit. long sands一 |
21 |
|
卜、// |
capital of Hunan province) | ||
|
土成市 |
chéngshì |
N： city, municipality Att： municipal, urban, city |
24 |
|
词契 |
cídian |
N： dictionary (of characters |
12 |
|
and character combinations一 | |||
|
words, phrases, expressions, etc.) | |||
|
村庄 |
cūnzhuāng |
N： farming village, settlement |
29 |
|
D | |||
|
才丁侈1 |
dadao |
RC： bring down, topple, overthrow |
30 |
|
(a regime), Down with...J | |||
|
单数 |
dānshù |
N： odd numbers (1, 3, 5, 7, etc.) |
13 |
|
单行逾 |
dānxíngdào |
N： one-way street |
13 |
|
倒车 |
dàochē |
VO： |
back up, reverse (an automobile) |
30 |
|
地方色彩 |
dìfang sècai |
N： |
local color |
14 |
|
帝国主义 |
dìguozhǔyì |
N： |
imperialism |
25 |
|
电力 |
diànlì |
N： |
electric power, electricity |
6 |
|
电台 |
diàntái |
N： |
radio station |
28 |
|
电影院 |
diànyingyuàn |
N： |
movie theater |
19 |
|
冻水 |
dongbing |
VO： |
freeze, form ice, ice up |
20 |
|
F | ||||
|
法律 |
fālù |
N： |
law |
26 |
|
区抗 |
fankàng |
V： |
oppose, resist, defy |
21 |
|
饭量 |
fànliàng |
N： |
capacity for food |
29 |
|
飞机库 |
fēijíku |
N： |
airplane hangar |
29 |
|
服务员 |
fúwùyuán |
N： |
waiterj attendant, steward (male or female) |
26 |
|
G | ||||
|
改变 |
gaibiàn |
V： |
change |
23 |
|
gequ |
N： |
song |
21 | |
|
工作者 |
gongzuozhe |
N： |
one who works, worker |
4 |
|
古代 |
gudài |
BF： |
ancient (vs.手见彳弋) |
25 |
|
广播电台 |
guangbo diàntái |
N： |
radio broadcasting station |
28 |
|
广小春节目 |
guangbo jiemu |
N： |
radio program |
16 |
|
国际公法 |
guójì(gong)fa |
N： |
international law |
22 |
|
国际劳矽节 |
guójì láodòngjié |
N： |
International Labor Day (May Day) |
22 |
|
国希 |
guojiè |
N： |
national boundary |
18 |
H
|
•军 hai jūn |
N： navy； sailor |
14 |
|
^又英笈cídian |
N： Chinese-English dictionary |
12 |
|
互^自帮‘忙 hììxiWng bāngmáng |
help one another |
11 |
huáyóu huàjia
化学家 换一白话说
huàxuéjiā
huàn yíjù huà shuo
|
N： |
lubricating oil |
31 |
|
N： |
painter, artist |
4 |
|
N： |
chemist |
4 |
去 骨油下 >豪活
huanghūn huángyóu huóxiaqu
|
in other words, another way |
to put it |
20 |
|
N： dusk, twilight, |
nightfall |
22 |
N： butter 31
RC： go on living, stay alive 7
|
积极分孑 |
.jnj工 fenzi |
|
机油 |
jlyóu |
|
纪念品 |
jìniànpīn |
|
计算 |
jìsuàn |
|
邃立 |
jianli |
|
建筑师 |
jiànzhushī |
|
建筑学 |
jiànzhuxué |
|
健康水阡 力井台 |
bjiànkāng shuípíng jiangtai |
|
交口同 乐 j i āox i ǎngyuè duì | |
|
节目单 |
jiémùdān |
|
经海上的 |
jīn^jishang de |
|
wentí | |
|
-♦ ▼ ■ ■ -jiujing | |
|
酒量 |
jiuliang |
|
、日社会 |
jiù shèhui |
activist
22
|
N： motor oil, engine oil |
31 |
|
N： memento, souvenir, keepsake |
16 |
|
V： calculate |
28 |
|
N： calculation | |
|
V- establish, set up, found |
17 |
|
N： architect |
23 |
|
N： (the study of) architecture |
23 |
|
N： health standards |
17 |
|
N: speaker1s platform, rostrum |
.28 |
|
N： symphony orchestra |
26 |
|
N： program (list of events, acts, etc.) |
16 |
|
economic problems, problems in economics |
11 |
火火火命 攵攵攵攵 求求术而
jiuhuo jiùhuochē jiuhuoqi jiumìng
|
N： alcohol, spirits |
23 |
|
N： capacity for drink |
29 |
|
N： the old (pre-communist) society |
6 |
|
VO： put out a fire |
22 |
N： fire truck
N： fire extinguisher
IE： Help!, SaveJ
22
救生船 jiushěngchuán 救生衣 jiùshěngy!
据说 jùshuo
jūnhuokù jūnliáng jūnrén
法
方冢
学学学靠军力X
钟科科可空苦c
kēxué fāngfa kěxuéjiā kēxuéjiè
kekào kongjūn kulì
kuòdà
劳云力节 劳动力 劳动人民Mdbng 劳动条件 láodòng tiáojiàn 老大娘 laodaniáng 连…带.."..cl 连长 liánzhang
下卢 língxi*丸 wēndù
láodòngjié láodonglì
rénmín
|
N: lifeboat |
22 |
|
N： lifejacket |
22 |
|
A: they say (lit. according to talk) |
30 |
|
N： military munitions dump |
29 |
|
N： (military) rations |
29 |
|
N： military personnel, |
14 |
|
serviceman | |
|
K | |
|
N: the scientific method |
15 |
|
N: scientist |
15 |
|
N； "scientific circles ,TT the scientific realm |
18 |
|
SV： reliable, dependable |
20 |
|
N： Air Force, airman |
10 |
|
N: coolie |
25 |
|
V： enlarge, expand, broaden, widen, escalate |
31 |
|
L | |
|
N： Labor Day |
13 |
|
N： labor force |
13 |
|
N： working people, the laboring people |
11 |
|
N： working conditions ,, ■ '■ .： ■ ■■ ■ ■ |
13 |
|
N: old lady |
14 |
|
include...and..., with both,.. and... |
20 |
N： company commander
N： sub-zero temperatures 18
M
|
^殳 有méiyou xTwang 米饭 mīfàn |
N： |
hopeless cooked rice |
13 24 |
|
P | |||
|
爬高 p£gm。 |
V： |
climb (in an airplane) |
23 |
|
q | |||
|
［曼田各•者qWnltièzh爸 |
N： |
invader, aggressor |
13 |
|
、Js _X-' V . ♦ 情求 qlngqlu |
v/n： |
request |
22 |
|
R | |||
|
女。期 MqM |
A： |
according to the date agreed upon, by the fixed date |
21 |
|
次。下 rúxià |
Q |
as follows r ■ |
21 |
|
^匏运动员，s*pN。yùndongyuán |
o N： |
runner |
24 |
|
y'^ shāzi |
N： |
sand |
21 |
|
shèhuì huódong |
N： |
social activities |
10 |
|
社•会彳中学sh咨huì. kēxué |
N： |
the social sciences |
15 |
|
本土^"上€9 shèhuishang de #R 人、 huàirén |
the bad guys of society, social villains |
11 | |
|
shèhuì shěnghuó |
N： |
social life |
6 |
|
社会家践shèhul shijiàn |
N： |
social practice |
10 |
|
身 _匕 shēnshang |
N： |
on the body, on oneT s person |
8 |
|
生 f •大^秋^sh芭ngch^n dàduì |
N： |
production brigade |
26 |
|
生》产 P人 s^engchanduì |
N： |
production team |
26 |
|
shenghuó shuípíng * |
N： |
standard of living |
10 |
|
9?p 仅 shizhang |
N： |
division commander |
26 |
|
实践活动shíjian huódong |
N： |
practical activities |
10 |
|
衾莅 Shipīn |
N： |
foodstuffs, food products |
10 |
|
史学家^ sh工xugji五 |
N： |
historian |
4 |
|
táibei |
N: |
Taipei |
28 | |
|
台风 |
táifeng |
N： |
typhoon |
28 |
|
提出来 |
tíchu(lai) |
RC： |
bring up, put forward, suggest (an opinion, plan, idea, etc.) |
10 |
|
提琴 |
tíqin |
N： |
violin |
21 |
|
天空 |
tiānkong |
N： |
sky |
19 |
|
期k高运动员ti才。gN。yùndongyuán |
N: |
high jumper |
24 | |
|
跳舞会 |
tiàowuhuì |
N: |
dance |
23 |
|
跳远运动员 |
tiàoyuàn yùndongyuán N: |
broad jumper |
24 | |
|
国长’ |
tuánzhang |
N: |
regiment commander |
26 |
|
W | ||||
|
尾部 |
weibù |
N： |
tail section (of an airplane) |
30 |
|
叉化 交流限nhua jiāoliú |
N： |
cultural interchange, cultural exchange |
11 | |
|
物 |
wu |
BF： |
thing, object, article |
20 |
|
X | ||||
|
工 冰、 |
xízàng |
N： |
Tibet |
30 |
|
下肥 |
xiatei |
VO： |
fertilize, spread fertilizer |
9 |
|
下决心 |
xià juéxín |
VO： |
make a decision, come to a decision, reach a decision |
11 |
|
何人民学习 |
xiàng rénmín xuéxí |
learn from the people (lit. look toward the people to study) |
16 | |
|
shìwu |
N： business, affairs |
26 |
|
shouqiāng |
N： handgun, pistol |
30 |
|
shouzhi |
N: finger |
28 |
|
sishang |
N： casualties (lit. dead & wounded) |
25 |
|
soushen |
VO： search the body, frisk |
30 |
T
X
|
向 F日(花)xiàngyánghuār |
N： sunflower |
29 |
|
新闻 工作者 xWnwgn gongzuòzhè |
N： journalist |
16 |
|
新闻事业xinwgn shìyè |
N： (the field of) journalism |
16 |
|
等斤诲| xinwénxué |
N： (the study of) journalism |
16 |
|
星是 xīngxing |
N： star(s) | |
|
々参理厂 xiūlich^ng |
N： repair shop, garage |
17 |
|
xuéyuàn |
N： institute, college |
19 |
|
J学xuézhe |
N： one who studies, scholar v |
4 |
|
医生 yīshēng |
I N： doctor |
19 |
|
医师 ”shi |
N： doctor 1 |
19 |
|
C卜］内 ylnèi N |
Suff： within (opposite of 卜人 夕F ) |
9 |
|
者* 手会" yīnyuèhuì |
N： concert |
14 -f * |
|
音系短yInyuèjiā 荚汉词典"ST才n vidian |
N： musician |
14 |
|
N： English-Chinese dictionary |
12 | |
|
应用为；ìyìngyÒng fāngfS |
N： practical application, practical method |
14 |
|
应用化学 y*ngyè>ng huàxué |
N： applied chemistry |
14 |
|
应用科学 yìngyòng kēxué |
N： applied science |
15 |
|
市决you juéxīn |
be determined to..., be resolved to... |
11 |
|
有希望 y°U xWwang |
hopeful |
13 |
|
搀法学家为出颐五 |
N； grammarian |
4 |
|
语专 gy£n |
N：、language |
25 |
|
雨量 yǔliàng |
N： (amount of) rainfall |
29 |
|
乐队 y^duì |
N： band Z |
26 |
|
在•历史^上• z" lìshīshang |
in history, historically |
11 |
|
再说一遹z" shuō yíbiàn 璐力。 zēngjiā |
say it again, repeat once V： increase, augment |
12 24 |
|
整公的 |
zhenggè(de) / |
BF： the whole..., aTwhole... A： entirelyj completely ' |
7 |
|
整理 |
zhengli |
V： straighten up, put in order |
17 |
|
鱼 |
zhí |
A： straight, directly； keep |
31 |
|
(doing something), in a continuous and unbroken |
stream
|
zhidao jìhua |
N: master plan |
28 |
|
zhìlì |
N： intelligence |
25 |
|
zhongnián |
N： the whole year |
24 |
|
zhongliàng |
N： weight |
29 |
|
zhounián |
M： anniversary |
9 |
|
zhulì |
N： main force |
22 |
|
zhúren |
N： host |
22 |
|
zhúti |
N: main body, essential part, mainstay |
22 |
|
主台 zhkxítWi |
N： chairman,s podium |
28 |
|
手 zhuyào |
SV： chief, essential, primary, main |
22 |
|
A： chiefly, essentially, primarily |
? | |
|
mainly | ||
|
彳专长^ zhuzhāng |
V： advocate |
22 |
|
用* zhuān jiā |
N： specialist, expert |
4 |
|
自?* 彳斗zìrdn kēxué |
N： the natural sciences |
15 |
|
自治 zìzhl |
N： autonomy Att： autonomous (lit. self- |
26 |
|
governing) | ||
|
总计划Z°ng jihua |
N： overall plan, master plan |
28 |
|
最凶1的籽来jin de jiānglái |
in the very near future |
12 |
|
最if 的一期zuiKn (de) yìqī |
latest issue, current issue (of a periodical) |
12 |
|
作冢 zu°jia |
N： writer |
4 |
290
GPQ)785^0017^207^
dìwei： position, status, standing
August 1, 1927, marked the founding of the PLA, and the date is now celebrated each year as Army Day.
Slogans like this one are often written in brush characters on strips of paper and hung beside the doorway of Chinese homes； they are frequently hung in pairs, one on either side of the door.