---
author: Eric Streit
date: '2019-04-21'
identifier: 'http://www.grabmybooks.com/1466332630507\_907919'
language: fr
publisher: Les Èditions du Yojik
title: 'Chine Nouvelle: cours de chinois'
---

<span id="TOC.xhtml"></span>

<div class="sgc-toc-title">

Table des matières

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 1: Phonétique, Bonjour](../Text/lesson01.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_6)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Le Pinyin, l'Alphabet Phonétique
Chinois](../Text/lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_7)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Les initiales](../Text/lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_8)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Initiales aux prononciations assez
proches:](../Text/lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_9)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Les Finales](../Text/lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_10)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Les Tons](../Text/lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_11)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Variations de Tons](../Text/lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_12)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation et Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_13)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Dialogue](../Text/lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_14)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_15)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercice de calligraphie](../Text/lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_16)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 2: Phonétique, Merci](../Text/lesson02.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_17)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Règle d'écriture phonétique](../Text/lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_18)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Différenciation des sons](../Text/lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_19)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Les tons](../Text/lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_20)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Le ton neutre](../Text/lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_21)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercice de calligraphie](../Text/lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_22)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[(Cliquez sur le caractère pour voir sa fiche
détaillée)](../Text/lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_23)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[爸 妈 哥 弟 姐 妹](../Text/lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_24)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[La finale rétroflexe](../Text/lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_25)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation et Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_26)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Dialogue](../Text/lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_27)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_28)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercice de calligraphie](../Text/lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_29)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[爸 妈 哥 弟 姐 妹 对 不 起 没 关 系 谢 明 天 休 息 会 儿
吧](../Text/lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_30)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 03 - Les Nombres -](../Text/lesson03.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_31)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Le système numérique chinois](../Text/lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_32)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Les chiffres de base : de 0 à
10](../Text/lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_33)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[De 11 à 99](../Text/lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_34)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[De 100 à 999](../Text/lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_35)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[1000 et au delà](../Text/lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_36)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exemples](../Text/lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_37)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercice de calligraphie](../Text/lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_38)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 04 - Nom, Prénom -](../Text/lesson04.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_39)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Quel est votre nom de
famille?](../Text/lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_40)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_41)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Qui est-ce?](../Text/lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_42)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_43)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : Quel est le nom de ton
ami?](../Text/lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_44)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_45)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_46)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Question utilisant un pronom
interrogatif](../Text/lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_47)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[La particule interrogative 吗](../Text/lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_48)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[La particule possessive 的](../Text/lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_49)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de calligraphie](../Text/lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_50)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 05 - Pays, Nationalité -](../Text/lesson05.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_51)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Dans quel pays allez-vous?
（您去哪个国家）](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_52)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_53)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : De quel pays es-tu?
（你是哪国人）](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_54)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_55)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : Es-tu allé en Chine?
（你去过中国吗？）](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_56)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_57)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_58)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Les particules verbales 过 et
没](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_59)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Structure de la phrase](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_60)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Le verbe 想](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_61)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de substitution](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_62)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_63)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_64)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_65)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de calligraphie](../Text/lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_66)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 06 - Ville, Pays Natal -](../Text/lesson06.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_67)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Quel est ce
pays?](../Text/lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_68)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : De quel endroit de Chine
s'agit-il?](../Text/lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_69)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : D'où
viens-tu?](../Text/lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_70)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_71)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[La particule grammaticale 的
(de)](../Text/lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_72)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Structure de la Phrase](../Text/lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_73)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice de Subsitution](../Text/lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_74)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de calligraphie](../Text/lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_75)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 07 - Année, Mois, Jour, Date -](../Text/lesson07.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_76)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Quel jour
sommes-nous?](../Text/lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_77)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Quel jour de la
semaine?](../Text/lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_78)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : En quelle année
sommes-nous?](../Text/lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_79)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_80)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Structure de la Phrase](../Text/lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_81)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Forme interrogative : affirmation /
négation](../Text/lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_82)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de Substitution](../Text/lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_83)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_84)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_85)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_86)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 08 - Anniversaire, Âge -](../Text/lesson08.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de le leçon](../Text/lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_87)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Quand est votre
anniversaire?](../Text/lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_88)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Quel âge
avez-vous?](../Text/lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_89)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : Quand es-tu arrivé à
Pékin?](../Text/lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_90)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 4 : Quand rentres-tu au
pays?](../Text/lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_91)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_92)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Structure de la phrase :
是...的](../Text/lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_93)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Temps, position de l'adverbe](../Text/lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_94)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de Subsitution](../Text/lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_95)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_96)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_97)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_98)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 09 - Heure, Emploi du temps -](../Text/lesson09.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_99)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Quelle heure
est-il?](../Text/lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_100)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : À quelle heure te
lèves-tu?](../Text/lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_101)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : À quelle heure faites-vous une
pause?](../Text/lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_102)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 4 : À quelle heure
déjeunez-vous?](../Text/lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_103)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_104)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Structure de la phrase : verbe + 的 +
nom](../Text/lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_105)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Deux: 二 et 两](../Text/lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_106)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de Subsitution](../Text/lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_107)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_108)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_109)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_110)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 10 - Lieux publics -](../Text/lesson10.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_111)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Où vas-tu ce
matin?](../Text/lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_112)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Avec qui y
vas-tu?](../Text/lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_113)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : Es-tu libre cet
après-midi?](../Text/lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_114)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 4 : On mange
ensemble?](../Text/lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_115)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_116)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[La préposition 跟 (avec)](../Text/lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_117)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Forme négative : 没](../Text/lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_118)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de Subsitution](../Text/lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_119)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_120)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_121)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_122)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 11 - Vie courante, Fruits -](../Text/lesson11.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_123)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Qu'est-ce que
c'est?](../Text/lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_124)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Quel est ce fruit
là?](../Text/lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_125)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : As-tu un
dictionnaire?](../Text/lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_126)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 4 : Est-ce ton
dictionnaire?](../Text/lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_127)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_128)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Spécificatifs (ou
classificateurs)](../Text/lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_129)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Nom et spécificatifs](../Text/lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_130)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de Subsitution](../Text/lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_131)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_132)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_133)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 12 - Achats, prix](../Text/lesson12.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_134)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Vendez-vous des cartes de
Pékin?](../Text/lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_135)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Combien pour une livre de
raisin?](../Text/lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_136)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : Voulez-vous quelque chose
d'autre?](../Text/lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_137)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 4 : Combien en
tout?](../Text/lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_138)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_139)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Pronoms démonstratifs 这 et
那](../Text/lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_140)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Le spécificatif 些](../Text/lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_141)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de Subsitution](../Text/lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_142)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_143)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_144)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_145)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 13 - Vins et boissons](../Text/lesson13.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_146)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Aimez vous l'alcool de
riz?](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_147)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : As-tu déjà bu du thé
vert?](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_148)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : Tu viens sûrement du
Sud](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_149)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_150)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Interrogation exprimant une alternative :
还是](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_151)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Structure de la phrase](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_152)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[La préposition 对](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_153)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de Subsitution](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_154)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_155)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_156)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_157)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_158)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_159)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_160)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 4](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_161)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_162)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 14 - Café, bar, maison de thé](../Text/lesson14.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_163)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : As-tu faim?](../Text/lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_164)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Je t'attends](../Text/lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_165)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : Qu'est-ce que tu
bois?](../Text/lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_166)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_167)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Non seulement ... mais encore ... 又...
又...](../Text/lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_168)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Le pronom 咱们](../Text/lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_169)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Structure de la phrase](../Text/lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_170)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de subsitution](../Text/lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_171)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_172)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_173)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_174)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 15 - Menu, Nourriture](../Text/lesson15.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_175)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Préfères-tu la cuisine chinoise ou
occidentale?](../Text/lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_176)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Have you ever eaten roast
duck?](../Text/lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_177)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : Quel est ce
plat?](../Text/lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_178)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 4 : Quelle est ta nourriture de base
habituelle?](../Text/lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_179)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_180)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Question utilisant 没有](../Text/lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_181)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Répétition du verbe : 尝一尝](../Text/lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_182)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de subsitution](../Text/lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_183)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_184)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_185)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_186)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 16 - Au Restaurant -](../Text/lesson16.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson16.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_187)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Au
Restaurant](../Text/lesson16.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_188)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Au
Restaurant](../Text/lesson16.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_189)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson16.xhtml#grammaire)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[La particule modale
了](../Text/lesson16.xhtml#la-particule-modale-%E4%BA%86)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Les verbes auxiliaires 会, 想, 要, 应,
该](../Text/lesson16.xhtml#les-verbes-auxiliaires-%E4%BC%9A-%E6%83%B3-%E8%A6%81-%E5%BA%94-%E8%AF%A5)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de
subsitution](../Text/lesson16.xhtml#exercices-de-subsitution)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson16.xhtml#exercice-1)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson16.xhtml#exercice-2)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson16.xhtml#exercice-3)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 17 - Habitudes Alimentaires](../Text/lesson17.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_190)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation : Au restaurant du Sichuan (Partie
I)](../Text/lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_191)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation : Au restaurant du Sichuan (Partie
II)](../Text/lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_192)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Vocabulaire](../Text/lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_193)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_194)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Phrase pivot](../Text/lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_195)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[La particule structurelle 的](../Text/lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_196)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de subsitution](../Text/lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_197)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_198)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_199)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_200)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 18 - Famille - Profession](../Text/lesson18.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_201)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Qui est-ce?](../Text/lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_202)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Combien êtes-vous dans votre
famille?](../Text/lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_203)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_204)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[La préposition 在](../Text/lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_205)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Le spécificatif verbal 下](../Text/lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_206)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Structure de phrase](../Text/lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_207)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de subsitution](../Text/lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_208)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_209)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_210)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_211)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 19 - Apprendre une langue étrangère](../Text/lesson19.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_212)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Es-tu
étudiant?](../Text/lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_213)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Parles-tu
français?](../Text/lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_214)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Traduction](../Text/lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_215)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_216)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[La particule 得](../Text/lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_217)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Complément d'objet direct et
indirect](../Text/lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_218)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[La particule modale 吧](../Text/lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_219)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de subsitution](../Text/lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_220)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_221)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_222)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_223)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 20 - Adresse, Téléphone](../Text/lesson20.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_224)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Où
habites-tu?](../Text/lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_225)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Quel est ton numéro de
téléphone?](../Text/lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_226)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_227)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Sujet + Verbe + 的](../Text/lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_228)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[La construction prépositionnelle
给](../Text/lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_229)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de subsitution](../Text/lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_230)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_231)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_232)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_233)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 21 - Faire quelque chose](../Text/lesson21.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_234)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Je cherche Petit
Wang](../Text/lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_235)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Peux-tu m'aider à
traduire?](../Text/lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_236)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_237)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Le verbe 让](../Text/lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_238)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Une action en cours 正在 ou
呢](../Text/lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_239)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de substitution](../Text/lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_240)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercise 1](../Text/lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_241)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercise 2](../Text/lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_242)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercise 3](../Text/lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_243)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 22 - La durée](../Text/lesson22.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_244)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Depuis combien de temps es-tu à
Pékin?](../Text/lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_245)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Traduction](../Text/lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_246)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Depuis quand étudies-tu le
chinois?](../Text/lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_247)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Traduction](../Text/lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_248)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : Avez-vous terminé d'étudier ce
livre?](../Text/lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_249)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_250)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Les compléments de durée 了 ou
过](../Text/lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_251)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Les compléments de résultat 完 ou
到](../Text/lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_252)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Indicateur d'approximation d'un nombre
多](../Text/lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_253)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de substitution](../Text/lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_254)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercise 1](../Text/lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_255)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercise 2](../Text/lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_256)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercise 3](../Text/lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_257)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 23 - Résultat, possibilité](../Text/lesson23.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_258)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Peux-tu lire un journal
anglais?](../Text/lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_259)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Puis-je t'emprunter ton
livre?](../Text/lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_260)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_261)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Compléments de possibilité 得 et
不](../Text/lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_262)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[别 : ne pas...](../Text/lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_263)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de substitution](../Text/lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_264)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_265)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_266)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_267)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 24 - Moyens de transport](../Text/lesson24.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_268)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Comment te rends-tu à
l'école?](../Text/lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_269)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Où es-tu allé
hier?](../Text/lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_270)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : Pourquoi n'as-tu pas pris le
bus?](../Text/lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_271)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 4 : Vas-tu à Dalian en avion ou en
train?](../Text/lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_272)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_273)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Syntaxe](../Text/lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_274)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[La particule verbale 了 après le
verbe](../Text/lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_275)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[La particule modale 了 en fin de
phrase](../Text/lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_276)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de substitution](../Text/lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_277)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_278)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_279)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_280)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 25 - Direction et Position](../Text/lesson25.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_281)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Qui est assis
là?](../Text/lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_282)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Sais-tu où se trouve
Tian'anmen?](../Text/lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_283)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : À quel endroit se trouve le
gymnase?](../Text/lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_284)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 4 : Y-a-t'il des restaurants près de la
gare?](../Text/lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_285)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_286)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Syntaxe](../Text/lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_287)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Syntaxe](../Text/lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_288)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Mots de position](../Text/lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_289)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de substitution](../Text/lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_290)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_291)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_292)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_293)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 26 - Demander son chemin](../Text/lesson26.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_294)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Le Palais d'Été est-il loin
d'ici?](../Text/lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_295)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Combien de temps faut-il en
voiture?](../Text/lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_296)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : Comment se rendre au Palais
d'Été?](../Text/lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_297)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 4 : Puis-je garer ma
voiture?](../Text/lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_298)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_299)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Syntaxe](../Text/lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_300)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[l'adverbe 多](../Text/lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_301)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de substitution](../Text/lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_302)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_303)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_304)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_305)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 27 - Climat et Météo](../Text/lesson27.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_306)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Quel temps fera-t-il
demain?](../Text/lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_307)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Quelle sera la
température?](../Text/lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_308)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : L'hivers pékinois est-il
froid?](../Text/lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_309)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 4 : Comment sont le printemps et
l'automne?](../Text/lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_310)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_311)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[L'emphase avec 极了](../Text/lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_312)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Syntaxe " ni ... ni ... "](../Text/lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_313)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercice de substitution](../Text/lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_314)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_315)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_316)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_317)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 28 - Sports et Loisirs -](../Text/lesson28.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_318)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Fais-tu du sport tous les
jours?](../Text/lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_319)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Quel est ton sport
préféré?](../Text/lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_320)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : Joues-tu au
football?](../Text/lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_321)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 4 : Es-tu supporter de
football?](../Text/lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_322)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_323)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Révision: le complément de degré
得](../Text/lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_324)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Révision: le complément de possibilité 得 ou
不](../Text/lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_325)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Syntaxe: si... alors.](../Text/lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_326)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de substitution](../Text/lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_327)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_328)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_329)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_330)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Leçon 29 - La comparaison](../Text/lesson29.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_331)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : Sont-ils les
mêmes?](../Text/lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_332)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : Il est plus grand que
moi.](../Text/lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_333)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 3 : À quelle heure ferme votre
échope?](../Text/lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_334)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_335)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Comparaison: 一样 (yí yàng) le
même](../Text/lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_336)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Comparison: 比 (bǐ)](../Text/lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_337)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Comparaison (+ degré)](../Text/lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_338)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Comparaison verbale](../Text/lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_339)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de substitution](../Text/lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_340)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_341)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_342)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_343)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[À l'hôpital -](../Text/lesson30.xhtml)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Contenu de la leçon](../Text/lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_344)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 1 : À l'hôpital (Partie
I)](../Text/lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_345)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Conversation 2 : À l'hôpital (Partie
II)](../Text/lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_346)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Grammaire](../Text/lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_347)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Syntaxe](../Text/lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_348)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[La particule verbale 着](../Text/lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_349)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Le complément verbal 下](../Text/lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_350)

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-2">

[Exercices de substitution](../Text/lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_351)
<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 1](../Text/lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_352)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 2](../Text/lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_353)

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-3">

[Exercice 3](../Text/lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_354)

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="sgc-toc-level-1">

[Table de prononciation du Pinyin -](../Text/lesson31.xhtml)

</div>

<span id="toc.xhtml"></span>

Table des matières - Méthode audio de chinois mandarin
======================================================

Première Section {#toc.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_1}
----------------

![img7.jpeg](Images/img7.jpeg)[Leçon 01 - Phonétique,
Bonjour](../Text/lesson01.xhtml)

Introduction au Pinyin, l'Alphabet Phonétique Chinois et aux quatre tons
du mandarin.

Première conversation: Bonjour, Au revoir. Premier exercice de
calligraphie chinoise.

![img8.jpeg](Images/img8.jpeg)[Leçon 02 - Phonétique,
Merci](../Text/lesson02.xhtml)

Prononciation du Pinyin, règles d'écriture, finale rétroflexe.

Vocabulaire : Désolé, Merci, A demain.

![img9.jpeg](Images/img9.jpeg)[Leçon 03 - Les
Nombres](../Text/lesson03.xhtml)

Les chiffres et les nombres chinois. Apprenez à compter en Chinois de 0
à 100 000 000

![img10.jpeg](Images/img10.jpeg)[Leçon 04 - Nom,
Prénom](04-nom-prenom.html)

Apprenez à vous présenter en Chinois, à donner votre prénom et votre nom
de famille.

Vocabulaire : Comment vous appelez-vous? Comment t'appelles-tu? Qui
est-ce?

![img11.jpeg](Images/img11.jpeg)[Leçon 05 - Pays,
Nationalité](05-pays-nationalite.html)

Apprenez à donner le nom de votre pays d'origine et votre nationalité en
Chinois.

Vocabulaire : D'où venez vous? Êtes-vous allé en Chine? Noms de pays et
nationalités.

![img12.jpeg](Images/img12.jpeg)[Leçon 06 - Ville, Pays
Natal](06-ville-pays-natal.html)

Apprenez à répondre à la question "d'où viens-tu" en Chinois.

Vocabulaire : les villes chinoises, les endroits célèbres.

![img13.jpeg](Images/img13.jpeg)[Leçon 07 - Année, Mois, Jour,
Date](07-annee-mois-jour-date.html)

Apprenez à dire la date en Chinois.

Vocabulaire : jour de la semaine, mois de l'année, quel jour
sommes-nous?

![img14.jpeg](Images/img14.jpeg)[Leçon 08 - Anniversaire,
Âge](08-anniversaire-age.html)

Apprenez à demander et dire votre âge en Chinois.

Vocabulaire : quand, Quand est ton anniversaire? Quel âge as-tu?

![img15.jpeg](Images/img15.jpeg)[Leçon 09 - Heure, Emploi du
temps](09-heure-emploi-du-temps.html)

Apprenez à lire et donner l'heure en Chinois.

Vocabulaire :Quelle heure est-il? A quelle heure reviens-tu?

![img16.jpeg](Images/img16.jpeg)[Leçon 10 - Lieux
publics](10-lieux-publics.html)

Apprenez à poser les questions "où, quand, comment" en Chinois.

Vocabulaire : Où vas-tu ce matin? Es-tu libre cet après-midi? On mange
ensemble?

Deuxième Section {#toc.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_2}
----------------

![img17.jpeg](Images/img17.jpeg)[Leçon 11 - Vie courante,
Fruits](11-vie-courante-fruits.html)

Introduction aux spécificatifs chinois (ou classificateurs) éléments
essentiels de la grammaire chinoise.

Grammaire, exemples et exercices.

Vocabulaire : ce, ceci, cela, Qu'est-ce que c'est? Est-ce que c'est ton
dictionnaire?

![img18.jpeg](Images/img18.jpeg)[Leçon 12 - Achats,
prix](12-achats-prix.html)

Apprenez à faire les courses en chinois, à demander le prix des choses.

Grammaire, exemples et exercices.

Vocabulaire : combien ça coûte? Vendez-vous des cartes de Pékin?

![img19.jpeg](Images/img19.jpeg)[Leçon 13 - Vins et
boissons](13-vins-boissons.html)

Grammaire : le passé en chinois, exemples et exercices.

Vocabulaire : Aimes-tu ... ? As-tu déjà ... ? Tu dois être ...

![img20.jpeg](Images/img20.jpeg)[Leçon 14 - Café, bar, maison de
thé](14-cafe-bar-maison-de-the.html)

Apprenez à commander des boissons en chinois.

Grammaire : introduction du temps futur, exemples et exercices.

Vocabulaire : As-tu faim? Que bois-tu? Allons-y.

![img21.jpeg](Images/img21.jpeg)[Leçon 15 - Menu,
Nourriture](15-menu-nourriture.html)

Grammaire : la forme interrogative "affirmation / négation" du chinois,
répétition du verbe, exemples et exercices.

Vocabulaire : Préfères-tu la cuisine chinoise ou occidentale? As-tu
goûté au canard laqué? Quel est ce plat?

![img22.jpeg](Images/img22.jpeg)[Leçon 16 - Au
Restaurant](16-au-restaurant.html)

Apprenez à lire un menu en chinois et à commander les plats.

Grammaire : les verbes auxiliaires, exemples et exercices.

Vocabulaire : Avez-vous un menu? Désirez-vous autre chose? L'addition
s'il vous plait.

![img23.jpeg](Images/img23.jpeg)[Leçon 17 - Habitudes
Alimentaires](17-habitudes-alimentaires.html)

Réviser comment lire un menu chinois au restaurant et à commander vos
plats en chinois.

Grammaire: les phrases pivots, exemples et exercices.

Vocabulaire: Avez-vous le menu? Désirez-vous autre chose? L'addition
s'il vous plaît.

![img24.jpeg](Images/img24.jpeg)[Leçon 18 - Famille -
Profession](18-famille-profession.html)

Apprenez à recevoir un invité, à vous présenter en chinois.

Grammaire, exemples et exercices.

Vocabulaire: Qui est-ce? Combien êtes-vous dans votre famille? Que
faîtes-vous dans la vie? Où travaillez-vous?

![img25.jpeg](Images/img25.jpeg)[Leçon 19 - Apprendre une langue
étrangère](19-apprendre-langue-etrangere.html)

Dialogue à l'université. Grammaire : complément d'objet direct et
indirect.

Exemples et exercices.

Vocabulaire: Es-tu étudiant? Parles-tu chinois?

![img26.jpeg](Images/img26.jpeg)[Leçon 20 - Adresse,
Téléphone](20-adresse-telephone.html)

Apprenez à demander l'adresse et le numéro de téléphone de quelqu'un.

Grammaire : constructions nominale et prépositionnelle, exemples et
exercices.

Vocabulaire : Où habites-tu? Quel est ton numéro de téléphone?

Troisième Section {#toc.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_3}
-----------------

![img27.jpeg](Images/img27.jpeg)[Leçon 21 - Faire quelque
chose](21-faire-quelque-chose.html)

Vocabulaire: Je cherche Petit Wang. Peux-tu m'aider à traduire?\

Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.\

![img28.jpeg](Images/img28.jpeg)[Leçon 22 - La durée](22-duree.html)

Vocabulaire: Depuis quand es-tu à Pékin? Depuis combien de temps
étudies-tu le chinois?

Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

![img29.jpeg](Images/img29.jpeg)[Leçon 23 - Résultat,
possibilité](23-resultat-possibilite.html)

Vocabulaire: Peux-tu lire un journal anglais? Puis-je t'emprunter ton
livre?

Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

![img30.jpeg](Images/img30.jpeg)[Leçon 24 - Moyens de
transport](24-moyens-de-transport.html)

Vocabulaire: Prendre l'avion, prendre le train. Comment te rends-tu à
l'école? Où es-tu allé hier?

Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

![img31.jpeg](Images/img31.jpeg)[Leçon 25 - Direction et
Position](25-direction-position.html)

Vocabulaire: Qui est assis là? Sais-tu où se trouve Tian'anmen?

Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

![img32.jpeg](Images/img32.jpeg)[Leçon 26 - Demander son
chemin](26-orientation.html)

Vocabulaire: Où se trouve le Palais d'Été? Il n'est pas loin de
l'Université de Pékin.

Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

![img33.jpeg](Images/img33.jpeg)[Leçon 27 - Climat et
Météo](27-meteo.html)

Vocabulaire: Quel temps fera-t-il demain? Quelle sera la température?
L'hivers pékinois est-il froid?

Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

![img34.jpeg](Images/img34.jpeg)[Leçon 28 - Sports et
Loisirs](28-sports-loisirs.html)

Quel est ton sport préféré? Joues-tu au football? Es-tu supporter de
football?

Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

![img35.jpeg](Images/img35.jpeg)[Leçon 29 - La
comparaison](29-comparaison.html)

Sont-ils les mêmes? Il est plus grand que moi. À quelle heure ferme
votre échope?

Grammaire: Exemples et Exercices.

![img36.jpeg](Images/img36.jpeg)[Leçon 30 - À
l'hôpital](30-hopital.html)

C'est grâve docteur?

Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

Quatrième Section {#toc.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_4}
-----------------

[Leçon 31 - Changer de l'argent](31-bureau-de-change.html)

Annexes {#toc.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_5}
-------

[Table de prononciation du Pinyin](../Text/pinyin.xhtml) Méthode de
chinois mandarin Règle de prononciation du pinyin, avec pour chaque son
2 fichiers audio en exemple et la comparaison avec des mots français

. [Forme compliquée des chiffres](annexe-nombres.html) Méthode de
chinois mandarin En Chinois, à chaque chiffre correspondent deux
caractères, l'un simple l'autre compliqué. La forme compliquée est
utilisée pour éviter l'altération ou la contrefaçon à l'écrit, par
exemple sur les billets de banque.

<span id="lesson01.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 1: Phonétique, Bonjour
============================

<div class="resume">

Introduction au Pinyin, l'Alphabet Phonétique Chinois et aux quatre tons
du mandarin. Première conversation: Bonjour, Au revoir. Premier exercice
de calligraphie chinoise.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_6}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Les initiales
-   Les finales
-   Les tons
-   Variations de Tons
-   Conversation
-   Exercices de calligraphie

</div>

Le Pinyin, l'Alphabet Phonétique Chinois {#lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_7}
----------------------------------------

De nombreux systèmes ont été utilisés pour apprendre et transcrire la
prononciation du Chinois. Aujourd'hui la transcription officielle
adoptée au niveau international est basée sur l'alphabet Pinyin,
développé en Chine à la fin des années 1950.

Les initiales {#lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_8}
-------------

En Chinois, une syllabe est composée d'une initiale, qui est la consonne
qui commence la syllabe, et une finale, qui couvre le reste de la
syllabe.

  ---- ---- ---- ---
  b    p    m    f
  d    t    n    l
  g    k    h    
  j    q    x    
  z    c    s    
  zh   ch   sh   r
  ---- ---- ---- ---

d, m, f, n, et l sont prononcés comme en Français.

j se prononce " dj " comme "genius" en Anglais

z se prononce " dz "

zh se prononce " dj " comme "job" en Anglais

b se prononce entre " p " et " b "

g se prononce entre " k " et le " gu "

h aspiré gutural tend un peu vers le " r " Français.

x se prononce " ch " tirant vers le " s ", comme dans "chien"

sh se prononce " ch " mais légèrement grave, comme dans " chat "

r se prononce un peu comme le " r " de " rain " en Anglais

Il faut faire attention à la prononciation des consonnes dites
"aspirées". L'air doit être expiré juste après avoir prononcé la
consonne.

p se prononce " p "

t se prononce " t "

k se prononce " k "

q se prononce entre " tch " et " ts "c

h se prononce " tch " mais la langue plus repliéec se prononce " ts "

#### Initiales aux prononciations assez proches: {#lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_9}

<div class="deux">

b/p, d/t, g/k, j/q, z/c, zh/ch

</div>

Les Finales {#lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_10}
-----------

En Chinois moderne, on dénombre 38 finales possibles après les 21
initiales présentées plus haut.

  ----- ---------- ---------- -----
        i          u          ü
  a     ia         ua         
  o                uo         üe
  e     ie                    
  er                          
  ai               uai        
  ei               uei (ui)   
  ao    iao                   
  ou    iou (iu)              
  an    ian        uan        üan
  en    in         uen (un)   üen
  ang   iang       uang       
  eng   ieng       ueng       
  ong   iong                  
  ----- ---------- ---------- -----

"ie se prononce entre " yé " " yè "; e se prononce " e "; er se prononce
entre le " e " et le " a ", assez gutural; ai se prononce " aille "; ei
se prononce " eille "; ou se prononce " o " comme dans " go " en
Anglais; an se prononce " ane " sans forcer sur le "n"; - ng (finale)
est utilisé pour rendre un son plus nasal. Le " g " ne se prononce pas.
uei , uen et iou précédé d'une initiale s'écrivent respectivement ui ,
un et iu .

Les Tons {#lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_11}
--------

Le Chinois Mandarin possède quatre tons plus un ton "plat".

  --------- -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Ton       Marque   Description
  1er       dā       Haut et constant
  2nd       dá       Commence par un ton médium et monte vers le ton haut
  3ème      dǎ       Commence par un ton bas, descend vers les graves puis remonte vers le ton haut
  4ème      dà       Commence par un ton haut et descend sèchement vers les graves
  Neutral   da       Plat et sans expression
  --------- -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Variations de Tons {#lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_12}
------------------

Un 3ème ton suivi immédiatement d'un autre 3ème ton se prononce comme un
2ème ton.

<span class="pinyin">Nǐ hǎo</span> = <span class="pinyin">Ní hǎo</span>

Conversation et Vocabulaire {#lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_13}
---------------------------

### Dialogue {#lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_14}

-   <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/01-01.mp3">
    </audio>
    \
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ hǎo ！</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">你好 !</span>\
    - Bonjour!
-   <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/01-02.mp3">
    </audio>
    \
    - <span class="pinyin">Zài jiàn！</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">再见 !</span>\
    - Au revoir!

### Vocabulaire {#lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_15}

  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------- -------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">你</span>       <span class="pinyin">nǐ</span>          (pro)   tu, toi
  <span class="hanzi">好</span>       <span class="pinyin">hǎo</span>         (adj)   bon, bien
  <span class="hanzi">你好！</span>   <span class="pinyin">nǐ hǎo!</span>             Bonjour! Comment ça va?
  <span class="hanzi">再</span>       <span class="pinyin">zài</span>         (adv)   encore
  <span class="hanzi">见</span>       <span class="pinyin">jiàn</span>        (v)     voir
  <span class="hanzi">再见！</span>   <span class="pinyin">zài jiàn!</span>           Au revoir!
  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------- -------------------------

Exercice de calligraphie {#lesson01.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_16}
------------------------

Nos 4 premiers caractères : <span class="hanzi">你</span>，<span
class="hanzi">好</span>，<span class="hanzi">再</span> et <span
class="hanzi">见</span>. Respectez bien l'ordre des traits.

Cliquez sur l'image pour avoir la fiche détaillée du caractère
(calligraphie, étymologie, etc...)

[Apprendre les caractères
chinois](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres)

-   ![img38.jpeg](Images/img38.jpeg)
-   ![img39.jpeg](Images/img39.jpeg)
-   ![img40.jpeg](Images/img40.jpeg)
-   ![img41.jpeg](Images/img41.jpeg)

<span id="lesson02.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 2: Phonétique, Merci
==========================

<div class="resume">

Prononciation du Pinyin, règles d'écriture, finale rétroflexe.
Vocabulaire : Désolé, Merci, A demain

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_17}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Règle d'écriture phonétiqe
-   Différenciation des sons
-   Les tons
-   Le ton neutre
-   La finale rétroflexe
-   Conversation
-   Exercices de calligraphie

</div>

Règle d'écriture phonétique {#lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_18}
---------------------------

  --- -------------------- ---- -------------------
  1   zi ci si             =    z c s

  2   zhi chi shi          =    zh ch sh

  3   ju jue juan jun\     =\   jü jüe jüan jün\
      qu que quan qun\     =\   qü qüe qüan qün\
      xu xue xuan xun      =    xü xüe xüan xün

  4   yu yue yuan yun      =    ü üe üan ün

  5   ya ye yao you\       =\   ia ie iao iou\
      yan yin ying yang\   =\   ian in ing iang\
      yong                 =    iong

  6   wu wa wo wai\        =\   u ua uo uai\
      wei wan wen wang\    =\   uei uan uen uang\
      weng                 =    ueng
  --- -------------------- ---- -------------------

  : [Table de prononciation du Pinyin](../Text/pinyin.xhtml)

Différenciation des sons {#lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_19}
------------------------

  --- ---------- ---------- ----------
  1   bo po      ba pa      bi pi
  2   de te      da ta      di ti
  3   ge ke      ge ka      gu ku
  4   ji qi      jia qia    jiu qiu
  5   zi ci      za ca      ze ce
  6   zhi chi    zha cha    zhe che
  7   yin ying   lin ling   jin jing
  8   yan yang   gan gang   kan kang
  9   gen geng   men meng   fen feng
  --- ---------- ---------- ----------

  : [Table de prononciation du
  Pinyin](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/chinois/annexe-pinyin.html)

Les tons {#lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_20}
--------

  ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------
  <span class="pinyin">bā bá bǎ bà</span>           <span class="pinyin">bū bú bǔ bù</span>
  <span class="pinyin">kē ké kě kè</span>           <span class="pinyin">qī qí qǐ qì</span>
  <span class="pinyin">xiē xié xiě xiè</span>       <span class="pinyin">mēi méi měi mèi</span>
  <span class="pinyin">guān guán guǎn guàn</span>   <span class="pinyin">xī xí xǐ xì</span>
  <span class="pinyin">duī duí duǐ duì</span>       <span class="pinyin">mīng míng mǐng mìng</span>
  <span class="pinyin">tiān tián tiǎn tiàn</span>   <span class="pinyin">yī yí yǐ yì</span>
  <span class="pinyin">huī huí huǐ huì</span>       <span class="pinyin">xiū xiú xiǔ xiù</span>
  ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------

  : [Table de prononciation du
  Pinyin](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/chinois/annexe-pinyin.html)

Le ton neutre {#lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_21}
-------------

En Chinois, de nombreuses syllabes ne sont pas accentuées, on parle
alors du ton "neutre", indiqué par l'absence de marque sur la voyelle.

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  <span class="pinyin">māma</span> <span class="hanzi">妈妈</span> : maman            <span class="pinyin">àiren</span> <span class="hanzi">爱人</span> : époux, épouse
  <span class="pinyin">bàba</span> <span class="hanzi">爸爸</span> : papa             <span class="pinyin">háizi</span> <span class="hanzi">孩子</span> : enfant(s)
  <span class="pinyin">gēge</span> <span class="hanzi">哥哥</span> : frère ainé       <span class="pinyin">guānxi</span> <span class="hanzi">关系</span> : relation
  <span class="pinyin">dìdi</span> <span class="hanzi">弟弟</span> : frère cadet      <span class="pinyin">xièxie</span> <span class="hanzi">谢谢</span> : merci
  <span class="pinyin">jiějie</span> <span class="hanzi">姐姐</span> : sœur ainée     <span class="pinyin">kèqi</span> <span class="hanzi">客气</span> : poli
  <span class="pinyin">mèimei</span> <span class="hanzi">妹妹</span> : sœur cadette   <span class="pinyin">xiūxi</span> <span class="hanzi">休息</span> : se reposer
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Exercice de calligraphie {#lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_22}
------------------------

### (Cliquez sur le caractère pour voir sa fiche détaillée) {#lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_23}

[爸](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/29240.html) [妈](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22920.html) [哥](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/21733.html) [弟](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/24351.html) [姐](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22992.html) [妹](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22969.html) {#lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_24}
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

![img43.jpeg](Images/img43.jpeg)

![img44.jpeg](Images/img44.jpeg)

La finale rétroflexe {#lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_25}
--------------------

La finale <span class="hanzi">儿</span> " <span
class="pinyin">er</span>" est souvent ajoutée à une autre finale pour
former ce que l'on appelle une finale rétroflexe. Dès lors elle n'est
plus considérée comme une syllabe indépendante.\
Une finale rétroflexe s'écrit en ajoutant " <span class="vert">r</span>"
à la finale originale.

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ----------------------------------- -----------
  <span class="pinyin">huì</span> + <span class="pinyin">er</span> ⇒ <span class="pinyin">huìr</span>     <span class="pinyin">yíhuìr</span>    <span class="hanzi">一会儿</span>   un moment
  <span class="pinyin">diǎn</span> + <span class="pinyin">er</span> ⇒ <span class="pinyin">diǎnr</span>   <span class="pinyin">yìdiǎnr</span>   <span class="hanzi">一点儿</span>   un peu
  <span class="pinyin">nǎ</span> + <span class="pinyin">er</span> ⇒ <span class="pinyin">nǎr</span>       <span class="pinyin">naǎr</span>      <span class="hanzi">哪儿</span>     où
  <span class="pinyin">zhè</span> + <span class="pinyin">er</span> ⇒ <span class="pinyin">zhèr</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhèr</span>      <span class="hanzi">这儿</span>     ici
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ----------------------------------- -----------

Conversation et Vocabulaire {#lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_26}
---------------------------

### Dialogue {#lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_27}

-   <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/02-01.mp3">
    </audio>
    \
    - <span class="pinyin">Dubùqǐ!</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">对不起!</span>\
    - Désolé!
-   <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/02-02.mp3">
    </audio>
    \
    <span class="pinyin">Méiguānxi!</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">没关系!</span>\
    - <span>Ce n'est rien !</span>
-   <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/02-03.mp3">
    </audio>
    \
    - <span class="pinyin">Xièxie!</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">谢谢 ！</span>\
    - <span>Merci !</span>
-   <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/02-04.mp3">
    </audio>
    \
    - <span class="pinyin">Búkèqi!</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">不客气 ！</span>\
    - <span>De rien !</span>
-   <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/02-05.mp3">
    </audio>
    \
    - <span class="pinyin">Míngtiān jiàn!</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">明天见！</span>\
    - <span>A demain !</span>
-   <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/02-06.mp3">
    </audio>
    \
    - <span class="pinyin">Xiūxi Yíhuìr !</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">休息一会儿！</span>\
    - <span>Repose-toi !</span>
-   <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/02-07.mp3">
    </audio>
    \
    - <span class="pinyin">hǎo ba!</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">好吧 ！</span>\
    - <span>D'accord !</span>

### Vocabulaire {#lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_28}

  ----------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- ------- -----------------
  <span class="hanzi">对不起！</span>       <span class="pinyin">Duì bù qǐ</span>                Désolé!
  <span class="hanzi">没</span>             <span class="pinyin">méi</span>              (adv)   ne pas...
  <span class="hanzi">关系</span>           <span class="pinyin">guānxi</span>           (n)     relation
  <span class="hanzi">没关系！</span>       <span class="pinyin">Méi guānxi!</span>              Ce n'est rien !
  <span class="hanzi">谢谢！</span>         <span class="pinyin">Xièxie</span>                   Merci !
  <span class="hanzi">不</span>             <span class="pinyin">bú</span>               (adv)   ne pas
  <span class="hanzi">客气</span>           <span class="pinyin">kèqi</span>             (adj)   poli
  <span class="hanzi">不客气！</span>       <span class="pinyin">bú kèqi</span>                  de rien !
  <span class="hanzi">明天</span>           <span class="pinyin">míngtiān</span>         (adv)   demain
  <span class="hanzi">见</span>             <span class="pinyin">jiàn</span>             (v)     voir
  <span class="hanzi">明天见！</span>       <span class="pinyin">Míngtiān jiàn!</span>           A demain !
  <span class="hanzi">休息</span>           <span class="pinyin">xiūxi</span>            (v)     se reposer
  <span class="hanzi">一会儿</span>         <span class="pinyin">yíhuìr</span>           (n)     un moment
  <span class="hanzi">休息一会儿！</span>   <span class="pinyin">xiūxi yíhuìr!</span>            Repose-toi !
  <span class="hanzi">好</span>             <span class="pinyin">hǎo</span>              (adj)   bien
  <span class="hanzi">好吧！</span>         <span class="pinyin">hǎo ba</span>                   D'accord !
  ----------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- ------- -----------------

Exercice de calligraphie {#lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_29}
------------------------

20 nouveaux caractères . Cliquez sur un caractère pour voir sa fiche
détaillée (calligraphie, étymologie, etc...)

[爸](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/29240.html) [妈](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22920.html) [哥](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/21733.html) [弟](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/24351.html) [姐](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22992.html) [妹](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22969.html) [对](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/23545.html) [不](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/19981.html) [起](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/36215.html) [没](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/27809.html) [关](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20851.html) [系](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/31995.html) [谢](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/35874.html) [明](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/26126.html) [天](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22825.html) [休](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20241.html) [息](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/24687.html) [会](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20250.html) [儿](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20799.html) [吧](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/21543.html) {#lesson02.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_30}
 

![img45.jpeg](Images/img45.jpeg)

![img46.jpeg](Images/img46.jpeg)

<span id="lesson03.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 03 - Les Nombres -
========================

<div class="resume">

Les chiffres et les nombres chinois. Apprenez à compter en Chinois de 0
à 100 000 000.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_31}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Le système numérique chinois
-   Les chiffres de base : de 0 à 10
-   De 11 à 99
-   De 100 à 999
-   1000 et au delà
-   Exemples
-   Exercices de calligraphie

</div>

Le système numérique chinois\
 {#lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_32}
-----------------------------

Simple et direct Le système numérique chinois est simple et sans
embûches. Il n'y a pas autant de noms de nombres comme en Français (où
l'on utilise des mots différents de zéro à seize et pour les dizaines :
vingt, trente, quarante...). Voir la forme compliquée des chiffres.

Les chiffres de base : de 0 à 10 {#lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_33}
--------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/03-01.mp3">
</audio>
<table class="table1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>
</th>
<th>
Chinois

</th>
<th>
Pinyin

</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
1

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">一</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yī</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
2

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">二</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">èr</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
3

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">三</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">sān</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
4

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">四</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">sì</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
5

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">五</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">wǔ</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
6

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">六</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">liù</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
7

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">七</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">qī</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
8

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">八</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">bā</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
9

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">九</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">jiǔ</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
10

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">十</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">shí</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
0

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">零 / 〇</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">líng</span>

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
De 11 à 99 {#lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_34}
----------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/03-02.mp3">
</audio>
       Chinois                             Pinyin                                  Note
  ---- ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- --------
  11   <span class="hanzi">十一</span>     <span class="pinyin">shíyī</span>       10+1
  12   <span class="hanzi">十二</span>     <span class="pinyin">shí'èr</span>      10+2
  13   <span class="hanzi">十三</span>     <span class="pinyin">shísān</span>      10+3
  19   <span class="hanzi">十九</span>     <span class="pinyin">shíjiǔ</span>      10+9
  20   <span class="hanzi">二十</span>     <span class="pinyin">èrshí</span>       2x10
  21   <span class="hanzi">二十一</span>   <span class="pinyin">èrshíyī</span>     2x10+1
  22   <span class="hanzi">二十二</span>   <span class="pinyin">èrshí'èr</span>    2x10+2
  30   <span class="hanzi">三十</span>     <span class="pinyin">sānshí</span>      3x10
  40   <span class="hanzi">四十</span>     <span class="pinyin">sìshí</span>       4x10
  90   <span class="hanzi">九十</span>     <span class="pinyin">jiǔshí</span>      9x10
  99   <span class="hanzi">九十九</span>   <span class="pinyin">jiǔshíjiǔ</span>   9x10+9

De 100 à 999 {#lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_35}
------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/03-03.mp3">
</audio>
        Chinois                                   Pinyin
  ----- ----------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------
  100   <span class="hanzi">一百</span>           <span class="pinyin">yībǎi</span>
  101   <span class="hanzi">一百零一</span>       <span class="pinyin">yībǎilíngyī</span>
  110   <span class="hanzi">一百一（十）</span>   <span class="pinyin">yībǎiyī(shí)</span>
  111   <span class="hanzi">一百一十一</span>     <span class="pinyin">yībǎiyīshíyī</span>
  120   <span class="hanzi">一百二十</span>       <span class="pinyin">yībǎi'èrshí</span>
  200   <span class="hanzi">二百</span>           <span class="pinyin">èrbǎi</span>
  999   <span class="hanzi">九百九十九</span>     <span class="pinyin">jiǔbǎijiǔshǐjiǔ</span>

1000 et au delà {#lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_36}
---------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/03-04.mp3">
</audio>
                Chinois                                     Pinyin
  ------------- ------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------
  1 000         <span class="hanzi">一千</span>             <span class="pinyin">yī qiān</span>
  1 001         <span class="hanzi">一千零一</span>         <span class="pinyin">yī qiān líng yī</span>
  1 010         <span class="hanzi">一千零一十</span>       <span class="pinyin">yī qiān líng yī shí</span>
  1 100         <span class="hanzi">一千一百</span>         <span class="pinyin">yī qiān yī bǎi</span>
  9 999         <span class="hanzi">九千九百九十九</span>   <span class="pinyin">jiǔ qiān jiǔ bǎi jiǔ shí jiǔ</span>
  10 000        <span class="hanzi">一万</span>             <span class="pinyin">yī wàn</span>
  1 000 000     <span class="hanzi">一百万</span>           <span class="pinyin">yī bǎi wàn</span>
  100 000 000   <span class="hanzi">一亿</span>             <span class="pinyin">yī yì</span>

Exemples {#lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_37}
--------

100,004 = <span class="hanzi">十万〇四</span>\
10,050,026 = <span class="hanzi">一千〇五万〇二十六</span> or <span
class="hanzi">一千〇五万二十六</span>

Exercices en ligne :
<http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/games/numbers/chinese/one.html>

Exercice de calligraphie {#lesson03.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_38}
------------------------

15 nouveaux caractères . Cliquez sur un caractère pour voir sa fiche
détaillée (calligraphie, étymologie, etc...)

[一](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/19968.html)
[二](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20108.html)
[三](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/19977.html)
[四](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22235.html)
[五](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20116.html)
[六](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20845.html)
[七](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/19971.html)
[八](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20843.html)
[九](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20061.html)
[十](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/21313.html)
[百](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/30334.html)
[千](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/21315.html)
[万](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/19975.html)
[亿](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20159.html)
[零](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/38646.html)

[![img47.jpeg](Images/img47.jpeg)](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/19968.html)
[![img48.jpeg](Images/img48.jpeg)](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20116.html)
[![img49.jpeg](Images/img49.jpeg)](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/30334.html)

<span id="lesson04.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 04 - Nom, Prénom -
========================

<div class="resume">

Apprenez à vous présenter en Chinois, à donner votre prénom et votre nom
de famille. Vocabulaire : Comment vous appelez-vous? Comment
t'appelles-tu? Qui est-ce?

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_39}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Quel est votre nom de famille?
-   Conversation 2 : Qui est-ce?
-   Conversation 3 : Quel est le nom de ton ami?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de calligraphie

</div>

Conversation 1 : Quel est votre nom de famille? {#lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_40}
-----------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/04-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nín guì xìng?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">您贵姓？</span>\
    - Comment vous appelez-vous? ( nom de famille )
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ xìng Zhāng.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我姓张。</span>\
    - Je m'appelle Zhang.
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">你叫什么名字？</span>\
    - Quel est ton prénom?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ jiào ZhāngJīngshēng.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我叫张京生。</span>\
    - Mon prénom est Jingsheng.
-   - <span class="pinyin">Tā xìng shénme?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">他姓什么？</span>\
    - Quel est son nom de famille?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Tā xìng Wāng.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">他姓王。</span>\
    - Son nom de famille est Wang.

### Vocabulaire {#lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_41}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                            grammatical   
  --------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- ------------------------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">您</span>     <span class="pinyin">nín</span>         (pro)         vous (de politesse)

  <span class="hanzi">贵</span>     <span class="pinyin">nín</span>         (adj)         honneur

  <span class="hanzi">姓</span>     <span class="pinyin">xìng</span>        \(n) (v)      nom de famille, porter un nom de famille

  <span class="hanzi">我</span>     <span class="pinyin">wǒ</span>          (pro)         je, moi

  <span class="hanzi">张</span>     <span class="pinyin">Zhāng</span>       (n)           (un nom)

  <span class="hanzi">你</span>     <span class="pinyin">nǐ</span>          (pro)         tu, toi

  <span class="hanzi">叫</span>     <span class="pinyin">jiào</span>        (v)           (s')appeler

  <span class="hanzi">什么</span>   <span class="pinyin">shénme</span>      (pro)         quoi

  <span class="hanzi">名字</span>   <span class="pinyin">míngzi</span>      (n)           nom

  <span class="hanzi">京生</span>   <span class="pinyin">Jīngshēng</span>   (pro)         (un prénom)

  <span class="hanzi">他</span>     <span class="pinyin">tā</span>          (pro)         il, lui

  <span class="hanzi">王</span>     <span class="pinyin">Wāng</span>        (n)           (un nom)
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Qui est-ce? {#lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_42}
----------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/04-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Tā shì shéi?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">他是谁？</span>\
    - Qui est-ce? ( Qui est-il ? )
-   - <span class="pinyin">Tā shì wǒdelǎoshī.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">他是我的 老师。</span>\
    - C'est mon professeur. ( Il est )
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ rènshi tā ma?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">你认识他 吗？</span>\
    - Le connais-tu? ( toi connaitre lui ? )
-   - <span class="pinyin">Rènshi, tā shì Zhāng lǎoshī
    de xuésheng.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">认识，他是张老师的学生。</span>\
    - Je le connais, c"est un étudiant du professeur Zhang

### Vocabulaire {#lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_43}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                           grammatical   
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">是</span>     <span class="pinyin">shì</span>        (v)           être

  <span class="hanzi">谁</span>     <span class="pinyin">shéi</span>       (pro)         qui

  <span class="hanzi">的</span>     <span class="pinyin">de</span>         (part)        (particule possessive)

  <span class="hanzi">我的</span>   <span class="pinyin">wǒde</span>       (pro)         mon, ma, mes

  <span class="hanzi">老师</span>   <span class="pinyin">lǎoshī</span>     (n)           professeur

  <span class="hanzi">认识</span>   <span class="pinyin">rènshi</span>     (v)           connaître

  <span class="hanzi">吗</span>     <span class="pinyin">ma</span>         (part)        (particule interrogative)

  <span class="hanzi">学生</span>   <span class="pinyin">xuésheng</span>   (n)           élève
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : Quel est le nom de ton ami? {#lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_44}
--------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/04-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐde péngyou jiào shénme míngzi?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">你的朋友叫什么名字？</span>\
    - Comment s'appelle ton ami? ( le nom de ton ami est quoi ? )
-   - <span class="pinyin">Tā xìng Lǐ, jiào Lǐ Dàhǎi.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">他姓李，叫李大海。</span>\
    - Son nom est Li, son prénom est Dahai.
-   - <span class="pinyin">Lǐ shì tāde xìng, hǎishì Shànghǎi
    de hǎi.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">李是他的姓，海是上海的海。</span>\
    - Li est son nom de famille, "hai" est le même "hai" que
    dans Shanghai.

### Vocabulaire {#lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_45}

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                           grammatical   
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- --------------
  <span class="hanzi">你的</span>   <span class="pinyin">nǐde</span>       (pro)         ton, ta, tes

  <span class="hanzi">朋友</span>   <span class="pinyin">péngyou</span>    (n)           ami

  <span class="hanzi">李</span>     <span class="pinyin">Lǐ</span>         (n)           (un nom)

  <span class="hanzi">大海</span>   <span class="pinyin">Dàhǎi</span>      (n)           (un prénom)

  <span class="hanzi">他的</span>   <span class="pinyin">tāde</span>       (pro)         son, sa, ses

  <span class="hanzi">海</span>     <span class="pinyin">hǎi</span>        (n)           mer

  <span class="hanzi">上海</span>   <span class="pinyin">Shànghǎi</span>   (n)           Shanghai
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_46}
---------

### Question utilisant un pronom interrogatif {#lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_47}

Les mots dans une phrase interrogative utilisant un pronom interrogatif
sont dans le même ordre que dans une phrase affirmative.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">他是谁？</span>\
    - Qui est-il?
-   - <span class="hanzi">他是我的学生。</span>\
    - Il est mon élève.

</div>

### La particule interrogative 吗 {#lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_48}

Quand la particule interrogative 吗 (ma) est ajoutée à la fin d'une
phrase affirmative, celle-ci devient une question.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">你认识他。</span>\
    Tu le connais.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你认识他吗？</span>\
    Le connais-tu?
-   - <span class="hanzi">他是老师。</span>\
    Il est professeur.
-   - <span class="hanzi">他是老师吗？</span>\
    Est-il professeur?

</div>

### La particule possessive 的 {#lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_49}

Pour exprimer la possesion, le "possesseur" est suivi de la particule 的
(de).

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">我的老师</span>\
    - mon professeur
-   - <span class="hanzi">老师的学生</span>\
    - l'élève du professeur

</div>

Exercices de calligraphie {#lesson04.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_50}
-------------------------

29 nouveaux caractères . Cliquez sur un caractère pour voir sa fiche
détaillée (calligraphie, étymologie, etc...)

[您](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/24744.html)
[贵](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/36149.html)
[姓](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22995.html)
[我](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/25105.html)
[张](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/24352.html)
[叫](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/21483.html)
[什](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20160.html)
[么](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20040.html)
[名](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/21517.html)
[字](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/23383.html)
[京](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20140.html)
[生](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/29983.html)
[他](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20182.html)
[王](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/29579.html)
[是](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/26159.html)
[谁](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/35841.html)
[的](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/30340.html)
[老](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/32769.html)
[师](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/24072.html)
[认](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/35748.html)
[识](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/35782.html)
[吗](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/21527.html)
[学](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/23398.html)
[朋](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/26379.html)
[友](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/21451.html)
[李](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/26446.html)
[大](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22823.html)
[海](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/28023.html)
[上](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/19978.html)

[![img51.jpeg](Images/img51.jpeg)](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/24744.html)

[![img52.jpeg](Images/img52.jpeg)](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20140.html)

[![img53.jpeg](Images/img53.jpeg)](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/26379.html)

<span id="lesson05.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 05 - Pays, Nationalité -
==============================

<div class="resume">

Apprenez à donner le nom de votre pays d'origine et votre nationalité en
Chinois. Vocabulaire : D'où venez vous? Êtes-vous allé en Chine? Noms de
pays et nationalités.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_51}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Dans quel pays allez-vous?
-   Conversation 2 : D'où venez vous?
-   Conversation 3 : Es-tu allé en Chine?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de substitution
-   Exercices de calligraphie

</div>

Conversation 1 : Dans quel pays allez-vous? （<span class="hanzist">您去哪个国家</span>） {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_52}
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/05-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Xiānsheng, nín qù nǎ gè guójiā?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">先生您去哪个国家？</span>\
    - Monsieur, ( dans ) quel pays allez-vous?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ qù Zhōngguó.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我去中国。</span>\
    - Je vais en Chine.
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nín shì Zhōngguórén ma?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">您是中国人吗？</span>\
    - Êtes-vous Chinois?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Shìde, wǒ shì Zhōngguórén.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">是的我是中国人。</span>\
    - Oui, je suis Chinois.

### Vocabulaire {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_53}

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                    Type\         Traduction
                                                                                grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- ------------- -------------------
  <span class="hanzi">先生</span>     <span class="pinyin">xiānsheng</span>     (n)           monsieur

  <span class="hanzi">去</span>       <span class="pinyin">qù</span>            (v)           aller

  <span class="hanzi">哪</span>       <span class="pinyin">nǎ</span>            (pro)         quel

  <span class="hanzi">个</span>       <span class="pinyin">gè</span>            (spe)         (un spécificatif)

  <span class="hanzi">国家</span>     <span class="pinyin">guójiā</span>        (n)           pays

  <span class="hanzi">中国</span>     <span class="pinyin">Zhōngguó</span>      (n)           Chine

  <span class="hanzi">人</span>       <span class="pinyin">rén</span>           (n)           personne

  <span class="hanzi">中国人</span>   <span class="pinyin">Zhōngguórén</span>   (n)           un Chinois

  <span class="hanzi">是的</span>     <span class="pinyin">shìde</span>         (expr)        oui
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : De quel pays es-tu? （<span class="hanzi">你是哪国人</span>） {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_54}
------------------------------------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/05-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Xiǎojiě, nǐ shì nǎguó rén?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">小姐你是哪国人？</span>\
    - Mademoiselle, d'où venez-vous? ( de quel pays es-tu? )
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ shì Měiguórén.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我是美国人。</span>\
    - Je suis Américaine.
-   - <span class="pinyin">Tāmen yě shì Měiguórén ma?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">他们也是美国人 吗？</span>\
    - Sont-ils aussi Américains?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Bù tāmen bú shìMěiguórén.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">不他们不是美国人。</span>\
    - Non, ils ne sont pas Américains,
-   - <span class="pinyin">Tāmen dōu shì Yīngguórén.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">他们都是英国人。</span>\
    - Ils sont Britanniques.

### Vocabulaire {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_55}

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                Type\         Traduction
                                                                          grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------- -------------------
  <span class="hanzi">小姐</span>   <span class="pinyin">xiǎojiě</span>   (n)           mademoiselle

  <span class="hanzi">国</span>     <span class="pinyin">guó</span>       (v)           pays

  <span class="hanzi">美国</span>   <span class="pinyin">Měiguó</span>    (n)           États-unis

  <span class="hanzi">们</span>     <span class="pinyin">men</span>       (suf)         (suffixe pluriel)

  <span class="hanzi">他们</span>   <span class="pinyin">tāmen</span>     (pro)         ils

  <span class="hanzi">也</span>     <span class="pinyin">yě</span>        (adv)         aussi

  <span class="hanzi">不</span>     <span class="pinyin">bù, bú</span>    (adv)         ne pas...

  <span class="hanzi">都</span>     <span class="pinyin">dōu</span>       (adv)         tous

  <span class="hanzi">英国</span>   <span class="pinyin">Yīngguó</span>   (n)           Grande-Bretagne
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : Es-tu allé en Chine? （<span class="hanzist">你去过中国吗？</span>） {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_56}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/05-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ qù guo Zhōngguó ma?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">你去过中国吗？</span>\
    - Es-tu allé en Chine?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ méi qù guo Zhōngguó.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我没去过中国。</span>\
    - Je ne suis pas allé en Chine.
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ xiǎng qù Zhōngguó ma?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">你想去中国吗？</span>\
    - Veux-tu aller en Chine?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ hěn xiǎng qù Zhōngguó.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我很想去中国。</span>\
    - Oui, j'ai très envie d'aller en Chine.

### Vocabulaire {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_57}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                           Pinyin                              Type\         Traduction
                                                                      grammatical   
  ------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------------- --------------------
  <span class="hanzi">过</span>   <span class="pinyin">guo</span>     (part)        particule du passé

  <span class="hanzi">没</span>   <span class="pinyin">méi</span>     (adv)         ne pas...

  <span class="hanzi">想</span>   <span class="pinyin">xiǎng</span>   (v)           vouloir, penser

  <span class="hanzi">很</span>   <span class="pinyin">hěn</span>     (adv)         très
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_58}
---------

### Les particules verbales <span class="hanzist">过</span> et <span class="hanzist">没</span> {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_59}

La particule verbale <span class="hanzi">过</span> placée juste après le
verbe indique une action qui a eu lieu dans le passé. Elle est souvent
utilisée pour accentuer une expérience.

La forme négative de "verbe + <span class="hanzi">过</span>" est "<span
class="hanzi">没</span> + verbe + <span class="hanzi">过</span>".

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">我 去 过 美国。</span>\
    - Je suis allé aux États-Unis.
-   - <span class="hanzi">我 没 去 过 美国。</span>\
    - Je ne suis pas allé aux États-Unis.

</div>

### Structure de la phrase {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_60}

L'adverbe est placé devant le verbe.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - 我 也 是 中国人。\
    - Je suis aussi Chinois.
-   - <span class="hanzi">我们 都 是 中国人。</span>\
    - Nous sommes tous Chinois.
-   - <span class="hanzi">我 不 是 中国人。</span>\
    - Je ne suis pas Chinois.

</div>

### Le verbe <span class="hanzi">想</span> {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_61}

<span class="hanzi">想</span> est un verbe optatif (qui exprime le
souhait). Il se place avant le verbe principal.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">你 想 去 中国 吗？</span>\
    - Veux-tu aller en Chine?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我 很 想 去 中国。</span>\
    - J'ai très envie d'aller en Chine.

</div>

Exercices de substitution {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_62}
-------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_63}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin">Nín qù nǎ gè guójiā?</span>                                <span class="hanzi">您去哪个国家？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ qù <span class="encadrerouge">Zhōngguó</span>.</span>   <span class="hanzi">我去<span class="encadrerouge">中国</span>。</span>
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ----- -----------
  <span class="hanzi">法国</span>     <span class="pinyin">Fǎguó</span>     (n)   France
  <span class="hanzi">德国</span>     <span class="pinyin">Déguó</span>     (n)   Allemagne
  <span class="hanzi">加拿大</span>   <span class="pinyin">Jiānádà</span>   (n)   Canada
  <span class="hanzi">意大利</span>   <span class="pinyin">Yìdàlì</span>    (n)   Italie
  <span class="hanzi">日本</span>     <span class="pinyin">Rīběn</span>     (n)   Japon
  ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ----- -----------

### Exercice 2 {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_64}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin">Nín shì <span class="encadrerouge">Zhōngguórén</span> ma?</span>    <span class="hanzi">您是<span class="encadrerouge">中国人</span>吗?</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ (bú) shì <span class="encadrerouge">Zhōngguórén</span>.</span>   <span class="hanzi">我 ( 不 )是<span class="encadrerouge">中国人</span>.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  ------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ----- ---------------------
  <span class="hanzi">法国人</span>     <span class="pinyin">Fǎguórén</span>     (n)   Français (personne)
  <span class="hanzi">德国人</span>     <span class="pinyin">Déguórén</span>     (n)   Allemand
  <span class="hanzi">加拿大人</span>   <span class="pinyin">Jiānádàrén</span>   (n)   Canadien
  <span class="hanzi">意大利人</span>   <span class="pinyin">Yìdàlìrén</span>    (n)   Italien
  <span class="hanzi">日本人</span>     <span class="pinyin">Rīběnrén</span>     (n)   Japonais
  ------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ----- ---------------------

### Exercice 3 {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_65}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Nǐ </span>shì nǎ guó rén?</span>   <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">你</span>是哪国人？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Wǒ</span> shì Měiguórén.</span>    <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">我</span>是 美国人。</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  --------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------- ---------
  <span class="hanzi">你</span>     <span class="pinyin">nǐ</span>      (pro)   tu, toi
  <span class="hanzi">我</span>     <span class="pinyin">wǒ</span>      (pro)   je, moi
  <span class="hanzi">你们</span>   <span class="pinyin">nǐmen</span>   (pro)   vous
  <span class="hanzi">我们</span>   <span class="pinyin">wǒmen</span>   (pro)   nous
  <span class="hanzi">他</span>     <span class="pinyin">tā</span>      (pro)   il, lui
  <span class="hanzi">她</span>     <span class="pinyin">tā</span>      (pro)   elle
  <span class="hanzi">他们</span>   <span class="pinyin">tāmen</span>   (pro)   ils
  --------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------- ---------

Exercices de calligraphie {#lesson05.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_66}
-------------------------

20 nouveaux caractères . Cliquez sur un caractère pour voir sa fiche
détaillée (calligraphie, étymologie, etc...)

[先](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20808.html)
[去](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/21435.html)
[哪](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/21738.html)
[个](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20010.html)
[国](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22269.html)
[家](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/23478.html)
[中](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20013.html)
[人](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20154.html)
[小](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/23567.html)
[姐](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22992.html)
[美](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/32654.html)
[们](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20204.html)
[也](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20063.html)
[不](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/19981.html)
[都](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/37117.html)
[英](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/33521.html)
[过](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/36807.html)
[没](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/27809.html)
[想](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/24819.html)
[很](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/24456.html)

[![img54.jpeg](Images/img54.jpeg)](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20013.html)

[![img55.jpeg](Images/img55.jpeg)](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22269.html)

<span id="lesson06.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 06 - Ville, Pays Natal -
==============================

<div class="resume">

Apprenez à répondre à la question "d'où viens-tu" en Chinois.
Vocabulaire : les villes chinoises, les endroits célèbres.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_67}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Quel est ce pays?
-   Conversation 2 : De quel endroit de Chine s'agit-il?
-   Conversation 3 : D'où viens-tu?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de Subsitution
-   Exercices de calligraphie

</div>

Conversation 1 : Quel est ce pays? {#lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_68}
----------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/06-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì nǎ gè guójiā?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">这是哪个国家?</span>\
    - Quel est ce pays?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì Zhōngguó.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">这是中国.</span>\
    - C'est la Chine.
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nà shì Táiwān ma?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">那是台湾吗?</span>\
    - Est-ce que c'est Taiwan?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nà bú shì Táiwān, nà shì Hǎinándǎo.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">那 不 是 台湾,那是 海南岛.</span>\
    - Ce n'est pas Taiwan, c'est l'île de Hainan.

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                              grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- -----------------
  <span class="hanzi">这</span>       <span class="pinyin">zhè</span>         (pro)         ce, celui-ci

  <span class="hanzi">那</span>       <span class="pinyin">nà</span>          (pro)         ce, celui-là

  <span class="hanzi">台湾</span>     <span class="pinyin">Táiwān</span>      (n)           Taiwan

  <span class="hanzi">海南岛</span>   <span class="pinyin">Hǎinándǎo</span>   (n)           L'île de Hainan
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\
Conversation 2 : De quel endroit de Chine s'agit-il? {#lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_69}
----------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/06-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì Zhōngguó shénme dìfang?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">这是中国什么 地方?</span>\
    - C'est quel endroit de Chine?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì Běijīng.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">这是北京.</span>\
    - C'est Pékin.
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ qù shénme dìfang?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">你去什么地方?</span>\
    - A quel endroit vas-tu?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ qù Shànghǎi. Nǐ qù nǎr?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我去上海.你去 哪儿?</span>\
    - Je vais à Shanghai. Où vas-tu?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ qù Nánjīng.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我去南京.</span>\
    - Je vais à Nankin.

### Vocabulaire

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                           grammatical   
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- ------------
  <span class="hanzi">地方</span>   <span class="pinyin">dìfang</span>     (n)           endroit

  <span class="hanzi">哪儿</span>   <span class="pinyin">nǎr</span>        (pro)         où

  <span class="hanzi">北京</span>   <span class="pinyin">Běijīng</span>    (n)           Pékin

  <span class="hanzi">上海</span>   <span class="pinyin">Shànghǎi</span>   (n)           Shanghai

  <span class="hanzi">南京</span>   <span class="pinyin">Nánjīng</span>    (n)           Nankin
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\
Conversation 3 : D'où viens-tu? {#lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_70}
-------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/06-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ shì shénme dìfang rén?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">你是什么地方 人？</span>\
    - D'où viens-tu? ( Tu es une habitant de quel endroit? )
-   - <span class="pinyin">Xiānggāngrén. Nǐ shì nǎr de rén?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">香港人。你是哪儿的人？</span>\
    - De Hong Kong ( Habitant de Honk Kong ). D'où viens-tu?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Xī'ānrén. Xiānggǎng dà ma?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">西安人。香港大吗？</span>\
    - Xi'an ( Habitant de Xi'an ). Est-ce que Hong Kong est grand?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Bú dà, hěn xiǎo, kěshì rén hěn duō.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">不，大很小，可是人很多。</span>\
    - Non ( pas grand ), très petit, mais il y a beaucoup d'habitants (
    les habitants sont nombreux ).

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                            grammatical   
  --------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- -------------
  <span class="hanzi">香港</span>   <span class="pinyin">Xiānggǎng</span>   (n)           Honk Kong

  <span class="hanzi">西安</span>   <span class="pinyin">Xī'ān</span>       (n)           Xi'an

  <span class="hanzi">的</span>     <span class="pinyin">de</span>          (part)        (particule)

  <span class="hanzi">大</span>     <span class="pinyin">dà</span>          (adj)         grand

  <span class="hanzi">小</span>     <span class="pinyin">xiǎo</span>        (adj)         petit

  <span class="hanzi">可是</span>   <span class="pinyin">kěshì</span>       (conj)        mais

  <span class="hanzi">多</span>     <span class="pinyin">duō</span>         (adj)         nombreux
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_71}
---------

### La particule grammaticale <span class="hanzist">的</span> (de) {#lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_72}

Quand un nom est utilisé pour modifier un autre nom, la particule <span
class="hanzi">的</span> n'est souvent pas utilisée.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">中国 人</span> : Chinois (habitant de Chine), au
    lieu de <span class="hanzi">中国的人.</span>
-   <span class="hanzi">北京 人</span> : Pékinois\

</div>

### Structure de la Phrase {#lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_73}

Lorsqu'un adjectif est utilisé comme prédicat (adjectif attribut séparé
du sujet par la copule "être"), le verbe <span class="hanzi">是</span>
"être" n'est pas utilisé.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">香港 不 大</span> : Hong Konk n'est pas grand
-   <span class="hanzi">北京 很 大</span> : Pékin est très grand\

</div>

Exercice de Subsitution {#lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_74}
-----------------------

### Exercice 1

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin">Nà shì <span class="encadrerouge">Táiwān</span> ma?</span>   <span class="hanzi">那是<span class="encadrerouge">台湾</span>吗？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Nà bú shì <span class="encadrerouge">Táiwān</span>.</span>   <span class="hanzi">那不是<span class="encadrerouge">台湾</span>。</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  -------- ----------- ----- ---------------------
  北京     Běijīng     (n)   Pékin
  广州     Guǎngzhōu   (n)   Canton
  桂林     Guìlín      (n)   Guilin
  西藏     Xīzàng      (n)   Tibet
  内蒙古   Nèiménggǔ   (n)   Mongolie intérieure
  -------- ----------- ----- ---------------------

### Exercice 2

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ shì shénme dìfang rén?</span>                                <span class="hanzi">你是什么地方人？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ shì <span class="encadrerouge">Xiānggāngrén</span>.</span>   <span class="hanzi">我是<span class="encadrerouge">香港人</span>。</span>
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- ----- -------------------
  <span class="hanzi">北京人</span>   <span class="pinyin">Běijīngrén</span>    (n)   Pékinois
  <span class="hanzi">巴黎人</span>   <span class="pinyin">Bālírén</span>       (n)   Parisien
  <span class="hanzi">纽约人</span>   <span class="pinyin">Niǔyuērén</span>     (n)   New-Yorkais
  <span class="hanzi">伦敦人</span>   <span class="pinyin">Lúndūnrén</span>     (n)   Londonien
  <span class="hanzi">东京人</span>   <span class="pinyin">Dōngjīngrén</span>   (n)   Habitant de Tokyo
  ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- ----- -------------------

### Exercice 3

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Xiānggǎng</span> dà ma?</span>                                                                                 <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">香港</span>大吗</span>
  - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Xiānggǎng</span> bú <span class="encadrerouge">dà</span>, hěn <span class="encadrerouge">xiǎo</span>.</span>   <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">香港</span>不<span class="encadrerouge">大</span>很<span class="encadrerouge">小</span></span>
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

<table class="table1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>
Nom

</th>
<th colspan="4">
adjectif

</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">北京</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">小</span>

</td>
<td>
petit

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">大</span>

</td>
<td>
grand

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">上海人</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">少</span>

</td>
<td>
peu nombreux

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">多</span>

</td>
<td>
nombreux

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">西安人</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">多</span>

</td>
<td>
nombreux

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">少</span>

</td>
<td>
peu nombreux

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Exercices de calligraphie {#lesson06.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_75}
-------------------------

15 nouveaux caractères . Cliquez sur un caractère pour voir sa fiche
détaillée (calligraphie, étymologie, etc...)

[这](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/36825.html)
[那](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/37027.html)
[台](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/21488.html)
[湾](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/28286.html)
[南](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/21335.html)
[岛](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/23707.html)
[地](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22320.html)
[方](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/26041.html)
[儿](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/20799.html)
[香](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/39321.html)
[港](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/28207.html)
[西](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/35199.html)
[安](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/23433.html)
[可](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/21487.html)
[多](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/22810.html)

[![img56.jpeg](Images/img56.jpeg)](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/39321.html)

[![img57.jpeg](Images/img57.jpeg)](http://www.chine-nouvelle.com/methode/caracteres/caractere/28286.html)

\

<span id="lesson07.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 07 - Année, Mois, Jour, Date -
====================================

<div class="resume">

Apprenez à dire la date en Chinois. Vocabulaire : jour de la semaine,
mois de l'année, quel jour sommes-nous?

</div>

### Contenu de la leçon {#lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_76}

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Quel jour sommes-nous?
-   Conversation 2 : Quel jour de la semaine?
-   Conversation 3 : En quelle année sommes-nous?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de Subsitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Quel jour sommes-nous? {#lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_77}
---------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/07-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Jīntiān jǐ yuè jǐ hào?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">今天几月几号？</span>\
    - Quel jour sommes-nous? ( Aujourd'hui, quel mois quel jour ? )
-   - <span class="pinyin">Jīntiān 5 yuè5 23 hào 23.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">今天5月23号23。</span>\
    - Nous sommes le 23 Mai. ( Aujourd'hui, 5ème mois, 23ème jour )
-   - <span class="pinyin">Míngtiān xīngqī jǐ?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">明天星期几？</span>\
    - Demain, quel jour (de la semaine) serons-nous? ( Demain, combien
    de la semaine )
-   - <span class="pinyin">Míngtiān xīngqīliù.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">明天星期六。</span>\
    - Nous serons samedi. ( Demain, 6ème jour de la semaine )

### Vocabulaire

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                              grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- -------------
  <span class="hanzi">今天</span>     <span class="pinyin">jīntiān</span>     (n)           aujourd'hui

  <span class="hanzi">几</span>       <span class="pinyin">jǐ</span>          (pro)         combien

  <span class="hanzi">月</span>       <span class="pinyin">yuè</span>         (n)           mois, lune

  <span class="hanzi">号</span>       <span class="pinyin">hào</span>         (n)           numéro5

  <span class="hanzi">月</span>       <span class="pinyin">5 yuè</span>       (n)           Mai

  <span class="hanzi">明天</span>     <span class="pinyin">míngtiān</span>    (n)           demain

  <span class="hanzi">星期</span>     <span class="pinyin">xīngqī</span>      (n)           semaine

  <span class="hanzi">星期六</span>   <span class="pinyin">xīngqīliù</span>   (n)           samedi
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Quel jour de la semaine? {#lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_78}
-----------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/07-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">5 yuè 25 hào shì xīngqī jǐ?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">5 月 25 号是星期几？</span>\
    - Quel jour (de la semaine) est le 25 mai?
-   - <span class="pinyin">5 yuè 25 hào shì xīngqītiān.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">5 月 25 5号是星期天。</span>\
    - Le 25 mai est un dimanche.
-   - <span class="pinyin">Zhè gè yuè 8 hào shì xīngqījǐ?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">这个月 8 号是星期几？</span>\
    - Quel jour (de la semaine) est le 8 de ce mois?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Zhè gè yuè 8 hào shì xīngqīsì.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">这个月 8 号是星期四。</span>\
    - Le 8 de ce mois est un jeudi.
-   - <span class="pinyin">Xià gè xīngqīsān shì jǐ yuè jǐ hào?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">下个星期三是几月几号？</span>\
    - Quel jour serons-nous mercredi prochain?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Xià gè xīngqīsān shì wǔ yuè
    èrshíbà hào.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">下个星期三是 5月28 号。</span>\
    - Mercredi prochain nous serons le 28 mai.

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                                 Pinyin                                      Type\         Traduction
                                                                                    grammatical   
  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ------------- ----------------------
  <span class="hanzi">星期天</span>     <span class="pinyin">xīngqītiān</span>      (n)           dimanche

  <span class="hanzi">星期三</span>     <span class="pinyin">xīngqīsān</span>       (n)           mercredi

  <span class="hanzi">这个月</span>     <span class="pinyin">Zhè gè yùe</span>      (expr)        ce mois-ci

  <span class="hanzi">下个星期</span>   <span class="pinyin">Xià gè xīngqī</span>   (expr)        la semaine prochaine
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : En quelle année sommes-nous? {#lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_79}
---------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/07-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Jīnnián shì bú shì èr líng líng wǔ
    nián?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">今年是不是 ２〇〇５年。</span>\
    - Sommes nous en 2005? ( Cette année est 2005?.)
-   - <span class="pinyin">Jīnnián bú shì èr líng líng wǔ nián.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">今年不是 ２〇〇５年。</span>\
    - Nous ne sommes pas en 2005 ( Cette année n'est pas 2005.)
-   - <span class="pinyin">jīnnián shì èr líng líng liùnián</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">今年是２〇〇６年。</span>\
    - Nous sommes en 2006 ( Cette année est 2006 .)
-   - <span class="pinyin">qùnián shì èr líng líng wǔnián.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">去年是２〇〇年。</span>\
    - L'année dernière nous étions en 2005.

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                           grammatical   
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- -------------------
  <span class="hanzi">年</span>     <span class="pinyin">nián</span>       (n)           année

  <span class="hanzi">今年</span>   <span class="pinyin">jīnnián</span>    (n)           cette année

  <span class="hanzi">去年</span>   <span class="pinyin">qùnián</span>     (n)           l'année dernière

  <span class="hanzi">明年</span>   <span class="pinyin">míngnián</span>   (n)           l'année prochaine
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

**Remarque :** L'année est donnée chiffre par chiffre. 2005 ne se
pronnonce pas "deux mille cinq" mais "deux zéro zéro cinq".

Grammaire {#lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_80}
---------

### Structure de la Phrase {#lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_81}

Une phrase dont l'élément principal du prédicat est un nom, une
construction nominale ou un spécificatif numéral est appelée "phrase au
prédicat nominal". La règle veut qu'alors le verbe <span
class="hanzi">是</span> ne soit pas utilisé.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">今天 5月20号, et non 今天是5月20号. </span>\
    Nous sommes le 20 Mai.
-   <span class="hanzi">明天 星期三, et non 明天是星期三.</span>\
    Demain nous serons mercredi.\

</div>

### Forme interrogative : affirmation / négation {#lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_82}

Une autre façon de former une phrase interrogative en Chinois est de
juxtaposer la forme affirmative et négative du verbe prédicat ou de
l'adjectif.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">今年 是不是 1999年？</span>\
    Sommes-nous en 1999? ( Cette année être / pas être l'année 1999 ? )
-   <span class="hanzi">你 去不去 美国？</span>\
    Vas-tu aux États-Unis? ( Tu aller / pas aller aux É.U. )
-   <span class="hanzi">你 姓不姓 张？</span>\
    Ton nom de famille est-il Zhang?
-   <span class="hanzi">你 叫不叫 张京生？</span>\
    T'appelles-tu Zhang Jingsheng?\

</div>

Exercices de Substitution {#lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_83}
-------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_84}

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin">Jīntiān jǐ yuè jǐ hào?</span>                                     <span class="hanzi">今天几月几号？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Jīntiān <span class="encadrerouge">wǔ yuè</span> 23 hào.</span>   <span class="hanzi">今天<span class="encadrerouge">5月</span>23号。</span>
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ----- ----------
  <span class="hanzi">1月</span>    <span class="pinyin">yīyuè</span>      (n)   Janvier
  <span class="hanzi">2月</span>    <span class="pinyin">èryuè</span>      (n)   Février
  <span class="hanzi">3月</span>    <span class="pinyin">sānyuè</span>     (n)   Mars
  <span class="hanzi">12月</span>   <span class="pinyin">shíèryuè</span>   (n)   Décembre
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ----- ----------

### Exercice 2 {#lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_85}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Míngtiān</span> xīngqī jǐ?</span>   <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">明天</span>星期几？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Míngtiān <span class="encadrerouge">xīngqīliù</span>.</span>   <span class="hanzi">明天<span class="encadrerouge">星期六</span>。</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  --------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ----- --------------
  <span class="hanzi">昨天</span>   <span class="pinyin">zuó tiān</span>    (n)   hier
  <span class="hanzi">前天</span>   <span class="pinyin">qián tiān</span>   (n)   avant-hier
  <span class="hanzi">明天</span>   <span class="pinyin">míng tiān</span>   (n)   demain
  <span class="hanzi">后天</span>   <span class="pinyin">hòu tiān</span>    (n)   après-demain
  --------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ----- --------------

  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ----- ----------
  <span class="hanzi">星期一</span>   <span class="pinyin">xīngqīyī</span>    (n)   lundi
  <span class="hanzi">星期二</span>   <span class="pinyin">xīngqīèr</span>    (n)   mardi
  <span class="hanzi">星期三</span>   <span class="pinyin">xīngqīsān</span>   (n)   mercredi
  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ----- ----------

### Exercice 3 {#lesson07.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_86}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Xià gè xīngqīsān</span> shì jǐ yuè jǐ hào?</span>   <span class="hanzi">下 个 星期三是几月几号？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Xià gè xīngqīsān shì 5 yuè 23 hào?</span>                                      <span class="hanzi">下 个 星期三是 5月 23号？</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------

  --------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- ----- ----------------------
  <span class="hanzi">下 个 星期</span>   <span class="pinyin">xiàgè xīngqī</span>     (n)   la semaine prochaine
  <span class="hanzi">这 个 星期</span>   <span class="pinyin">zhègè xīngqī</span>     (n)   cette semaine
  <span class="hanzi">上 个 星期</span>   <span class="pinyin">shànggè xīngqī</span>   (n)   la semaine dernière
  --------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- ----- ----------------------

<span id="lesson08.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 08 - Anniversaire, Âge -
==============================

<div class="resume">

Apprenez à demander et dire votre âge en Chinois. Vocabulaire : quand,
Quand est ton anniversaire? Quel âge as-tu?

</div>

Contenu de le leçon {#lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_87}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Quand est votre anniversaire?
-   Conversation 2 : Quel âge avez-vous?
-   Conversation 3 : Quand es-tu arrivé à Pékin?
-   Conversation 4 : Quand rentres-tu au pays?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de Subsitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Quand est votre anniversaire? {#lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_88}
----------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/08-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Xiānsheng, nín shì nǎnián chūshēng
    de?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">先生您是哪年出生=的？</span>\
    - Monsieur, en quelle année êtes-vous né?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ shì 1976 nián chūshēng de.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我是 1976 年出生的 。</span>\
    - Je suis né en 1976.
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nín de shēngrì shì jǐ yuè jǐ hào ?</span>\
    -<span class="hanzi"> 您的生日是几月几号？</span>\
    - Quand est votre anniversaire? ( Votre anniversaire est quel mois
    quel jour? )
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ de shēngrì shì 3 yuè 5 hào.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我的生日是3月5号。</span>\
    - Le 5 Mars.( Mon anniversaire est le 5 Mars )

### Vocabulaire

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                           grammatical   
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- ----------------------
  <span class="hanzi">出生</span>   <span class="pinyin">chūshēng</span>   (v)           naître

  <span class="hanzi">的</span>     <span class="pinyin">de</span>         (part)        ( particule modale )

  <span class="hanzi">生日</span>   <span class="pinyin">shēngrì</span>    (n)           anniversaire
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Quel âge avez-vous? {#lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_89}
------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/08-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nín jīnnián duō dà ?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">你今年多大？</span>\
    - Quel âge avez-vous ( cette année ) ?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ jīnnián 30 suì.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我今年30岁。</span>\
    - J'ai 30 ans.

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                              Type\         Traduction
                                                                        grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------------- -----------------
  <span class="hanzi">多</span>     <span class="pinyin">duō</span>     (adv)         combien

  <span class="hanzi">多大</span>   <span class="pinyin">duōdà</span>                 quel âge

  <span class="hanzi">岁</span>     <span class="pinyin">suì</span>     (n)           an (pour l'âge)
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : Quand es-tu arrivé à Pékin? {#lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_90}
--------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/08-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nín shì shénme shíhou dào Běijīng de?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">您是什么时候到北京 的？</span>\
    - Quand êtes vous arrivé à Pékin?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ shì 8 yuè 7 hào dào Běijīng de.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我是8月7号到北京的。</span>\
    - Je suis arrivé le 7 Août à Pékin.
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nín xiǎng nǎ tiān qù Shànghǎi ?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">您想哪天去上海？</span>\
    - Quand ( quel jour ) voulez-vous aller à Shanghai?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng xià xīngqīwǔ qù Shànghǎi.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我想下星期五去上海。</span>\
    - Je veux aller à Shanghai vendredi prochain.

### Vocabulaire

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                                 Pinyin                                      Type\         Traduction
                                                                                    grammatical   
  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ------------- ------------
  <span class="hanzi">时候</span>       <span class="pinyin">shíhou</span>          (n)           moment

  <span class="hanzi">什么时候</span>   <span class="pinyin">shénme shíhou</span>   (adv)         quand

  <span class="hanzi">到</span>         <span class="pinyin">dào</span>             (v)           arriver

  <span class="hanzi">天</span>         <span class="pinyin">tiān</span>            (n)           jour
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 4 : Quand rentres-tu au pays? {#lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_91}
------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/08-04.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nín dǎsuàn shénme shíhou huí guó ?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">你打算什么时候回 国？</span>\
    - Quand prévoyez-vous de rentrer au pays?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ dǎsuàn míngnián 9 yuè huí guó.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我打算明年9月回国。</span>\
    - Je prévois de rentrer en Septembre de l'année prochaine.
-   - <span class="pinyin">Hòunián wǒ hái dǎsuàn lái Zhōngguó.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">后年我还打算来中国。</span>\
    - Dans deux ans, je compte revenir en Chine.

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                Type\         Traduction
                                                                          grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------- --------------------
  <span class="hanzi">打算</span>   <span class="pinyin">dǎsuàn</span>    (v)           prévoir, compter

  <span class="hanzi">回</span>     <span class="pinyin">huí</span>       (v)           rentrer, retourner

  <span class="hanzi">国</span>     <span class="pinyin">guó</span>       (n)           pays

  <span class="hanzi">后</span>     <span class="pinyin">hòu</span>       (prep.)       après

  <span class="hanzi">后年</span>   <span class="pinyin">hòunián</span>   (n)           dans deux ans

  <span class="hanzi">还</span>     <span class="pinyin">hái</span>       (adv)         aussi, encore

  <span class="hanzi">来</span>     <span class="pinyin">lái</span>       (v)           venir
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_92}
---------

### Structure de la phrase : <span class="hanzist">是...的</span> {#lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_93}

<span class="hanzi">是...的</span> est utilisé dans une phrase pour
accentuer le moment, l'endroit ou la manière d'une action qui a eu lieu
dans le passé. <span class="hanzi">是</span> est placé devant la partie
de la phrase à accentuer et <span class="hanzi">的</span> arrive juste
après le verbe, en fin de phrase.

Remarque : <span class="hanzi">是</span> peut parfois être omis.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">你 是 哪年 出生 的？</span>\
    En quelle année es-tu né?
-   <span class="hanzi">我 是 1976年 出生 的。</span>\
    Je suis né en 1976.
-   <span class="hanzi">你 是 什么时候 到 北京 的？</span>\
    Quand es-tu arrivé à Pékin?
-   <span class="hanzi">我 是 昨天 到北 京 的。</span>\
    Je suis arrivé à Pékin hier.\

</div>

### Temps, position de l'adverbe {#lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_94}

Quand un adverbe indique le moment de l'action, il peut être placé
devant le sujet ou le verbe.

\

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">我 想 明天 去 上海。</span>\
    Je veux aller à Shanghai demain.
-   <span class="hanzi">我 打算 明天 回国。</span>\
    Je prévois de rentrer au pays demain.
-   <span class="hanzi">明年 我 打算 还 来 中国。</span>\
    Je compte revenir en Chine l'année prochaine.\

</div>

Exercices de Subsitution {#lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_95}
------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_96}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Nín</span> shì nǎ nián chūshéng de?</span>    <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">您</span>是哪年出生 的？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ shì <span class="encadrerouge">1978 nián</span> chūshēng de.</span>   <span class="hanzi">我是 <span class="encadrerouge">1978 年</span>出生 的。</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------------------
  Sub. 1                                                                                            Sub. 2
  <span class="hanzi">他，她</span>     <span class="pinyin">tā</span>             il, elle         <span class="hanzi">1980 年</span>
  <span class="hanzi">你</span>         <span class="pinyin">nǐ</span>             tu               <span class="hanzi">1973 年</span>
  <span class="hanzi">你的朋友</span>   <span class="pinyin">nǐde péngyou</span>   ton ami          <span class="hanzi">1968 年</span>
  <span class="hanzi">她的姐姐</span>   <span class="pinyin">tāde jiějiě</span>    sa sœur aînée    <span class="hanzi">1953 年</span>
  <span class="hanzi">我的老师</span>   <span class="pinyin">wǒde lǎoshī</span>    mon professeur   <span class="hanzi">1947 年</span>
  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------------------

### Exercice 2 {#lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_97}

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Nín</span> jīngnián duōdà ?</span>   <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">您</span>今年多大？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ jīnnián今 <span class="encadrerouge">30 suì.</span></span>   <span class="hanzi">我今年<span class="encadrerouge">30岁</span>。</span>
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ -------------------------- ----------------------------------
  Sub. 1                                                                                                      Sub. 2
  <span class="hanzi">你</span>         <span class="pinyin">nǐ</span>             tu                         <span class="hanzi">19 岁</span>
  <span class="hanzi">你的同学</span>   <span class="pinyin">nǐde tóngxué</span>   ton camarade (de classe)   <span class="hanzi">26 岁</span>
  <span class="hanzi">他的妈妈</span>   <span class="pinyin">tāde māma</span>      sa maman                   <span class="hanzi">35 岁</span>
  <span class="hanzi">她的同事</span>   <span class="pinyin">tāde tóngshì</span>   son collègue (de boulot)   <span class="hanzi">39 岁</span>
  <span class="hanzi">张老师</span>     <span class="pinyin">Zhāng lǎoshī</span>   le Professeur Zhang        <span class="hanzi">50 岁</span>
  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ -------------------------- ----------------------------------

### Exercice 3 {#lesson08.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_98}

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ shì shénme shíhou dào <span class="encadrerouge">Běijīng</span> de?</span>                                   <span class="hanzi">你是什么时候到<span class="encadrerouge">北京</span>的？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">wǒ shì <span class="encadrerouge">8 yuè 7 hào</span> dào <span class="encadrerouge">Běijīng</span> de.</span>   <span class="hanzi">我是 <span class="encadrerouge">8月7号</span>到北<span class="encadrerouge">京的</span>。</span>
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  --------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------- -----------------
  Sub. 1                                                                                 
  <span class="hanzi">1月6号</span>       <span class="pinyin"> 1 yuè 6 hào</span>       le 6 Janvier
  <span class="hanzi">昨天</span>         <span class="pinyin">zuótiān</span>            hier
  <span class="hanzi">上个星期四</span>   <span class="pinyin">shànggè xīngqīsì</span>   jeudi dernier
  <span class="hanzi">上个月</span>       <span class="pinyin">shànggè yuè</span>        le mois dernier
  <span class="hanzi">前天</span>         <span class="pinyin">qiántiān</span>           avant-hier
  --------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------- -----------------

  --------------------------------- --------------------------------------- --------
  Sub. 2                                                                    
  <span class="hanzi">上海</span>   <span class="pinyin">Shànghǎi</span>    
  <span class="hanzi">大连</span>   <span class="pinyin">Dàlián</span>      
  <span class="hanzi">广州</span>   <span class="pinyin">Guǎngzhōu</span>   Canton
  <span class="hanzi">天津</span>   <span class="pinyin">Tiānjīn</span>     
  <span class="hanzi">西安</span>   <span class="pinyin">Xī'ān</span>       
  --------------------------------- --------------------------------------- --------

<span id="lesson09.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 09 - Heure, Emploi du temps -
===================================

<div class="resume">

Apprenez à lire et donner l'heure en Chinois.\
Vocabulaire :Quelle heure est-il? A quelle heure reviens-tu?

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_99}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Quelle heure est-il?
-   Conversation 2 : À quelle heure te lèves-tu?
-   Conversation 3 : À quelle heure faites-vous une pause?
-   Conversation 4 : À quelle heure déjeunez-vous?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de Subsitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Quelle heure est-il? {#lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_100}
-------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/09-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">现在几点了？</span>\
    - X<span class="pinyin">iànzài jǐ diǎn le ?</span>\
    - ( Maintenant ) quelle heure est-il?
-   - <span class="hanzi">现在差1刻8点</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xiànzài chà yí kè bā diǎn.</span>\
    - Il est 8 heures moins le quart.

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                Type\         Traduction
                                                                          grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------- --------------------
  <span class="hanzi">现在</span>   <span class="pinyin">xiànzài</span>   (n)           maintenant

  <span class="hanzi">点</span>     <span class="pinyin">diǎn</span>      (n)           heure

  <span class="hanzi">了</span>     <span class="pinyin">le</span>        (part)        particule modale

  <span class="hanzi">差</span>     <span class="pinyin">chà</span>       (v)           manquer de

  <span class="hanzi">刻</span>     <span class="pinyin">kè</span>        (n)           un quart (d'heure)
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : À quelle heure te lèves-tu? {#lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_101}
--------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/09-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">每天早上你几点起床？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Měitiān zǎoshàng nǐ jǐ diǎn qǐ
    chuáng?</span>\
    - A quelle heure te lèves-tu le matin? ( tous les jours le matin )
-   - <span class="hanzi">我6点半起床。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ liùdiǎn bàn qǐchuáng.</span>\
    - Je me lève à 6 heures et demie.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你上午什么时候上课</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ shàngwǔ shénme shíhou shàngkè?</span>\
    - A quelle heure as-tu cours le matin?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我们上午8点开始上</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒmen shàngwǔ bādiǎn kāishǐ shàngkè.</span>\
    - Les cours commencent à 8 heures du matin. ( Nous commençons les
    cours le matin à 8 heures )

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                           grammatical   
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- ----------------
  <span class="hanzi">每</span>     <span class="pinyin">měi</span>        (adj)         tous

  <span class="hanzi">每天</span>   <span class="pinyin">měitiān</span>    (n)           tous les jours

  <span class="hanzi">起</span>     <span class="pinyin">qǐ</span>         (v)           se lever

  <span class="hanzi">床</span>     <span class="pinyin">chuáng</span>     (n)           lit

  <span class="hanzi">起床</span>   <span class="pinyin">qǐchuáng</span>   (v)           se lever

  <span class="hanzi">半</span>     <span class="pinyin">bàn</span>        (n)           moitié

  <span class="hanzi">上午</span>   <span class="pinyin">shàngwǔ</span>    (n)           matin

  <span class="hanzi">课</span>     <span class="pinyin">kè</span>         (n)           leçon

  <span class="hanzi">上课</span>   <span class="pinyin">shàngkè</span>    (v)           avoir cours

  <span class="hanzi">开始</span>   <span class="pinyin">kāishǐ</span>     (v)           commencer\
                                                                                         
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : À quelle heure faites-vous une pause? {#lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_102}
------------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/09-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐmen jǐ diǎn xiūxi?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">几点你们休息</span>\
    - A quelle heure faites-vous une pause?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒmen shí diǎn shí fēn zuǒyòu xiūxi.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">我们10点10分左右休息</span>\
    - A 10h10 environ. ( Nous faisons une pause à ... )
-   - <span class="pinyin">Xiūxi de shíhou nǐmen zuò shénme?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">休息的时候你们做什</span>\
    - Que faites-vous pendant la pause? ( au moment de la pause )
-   - <span class="pinyin">Yǒude rén hē kāfēi, yǒude rén xīyān.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">有的人喝咖啡有的人吸烟</span>\
    - Il y en a qui boivent un café, d'autres qui fument. (
    certaines personnes... )

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                               Type\         Traduction
                                                                         grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------- ----------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">休息</span>   <span class="pinyin">xiūxi</span>    (v)           se reposer, faire un pause

  <span class="hanzi">分</span>     <span class="pinyin">fēn</span>      (n)           minute

  <span class="hanzi">左右</span>   <span class="pinyin">zuǒyòu</span>   (v)           environ

  <span class="hanzi">做</span>     <span class="pinyin">zuò</span>      (v)           faire

  <span class="hanzi">时候</span>   <span class="pinyin">shíhou</span>   (n)           moment

  <span class="hanzi">有的</span>   <span class="pinyin">yǒude</span>    (n)           quelques, certains

  <span class="hanzi">咖啡</span>   <span class="pinyin">kāfēi</span>    (n)           café

  <span class="hanzi">吸烟</span>   <span class="pinyin">xīyān</span>    (v)\          fumer
                                                                                       

  <span class="hanzi">喝</span>     <span class="pinyin">hē</span>       (v)           boire
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 4 : À quelle heure déjeunez-vous? {#lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_103}
----------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/09-04.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="pinyin">Zhōngwǔ nǐ jǐdiǎn chī wǔfàn?</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">中午你几点吃午饭</span>\
    - À quelle heure déjeunez-vous ( à midi )?
-   - <span class="pinyin">Yǒushíhou yì diǎn, yǒushíhou
    liǎng diǎn.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">有时候一点有时候两点</span>\
    - Parfois à 1h, parfois à 2h.
-   - <span class="pinyin">Chī wǔfàn yǐhòu wǒ huí jiā.</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">吃午饭以后我回家</span>\
    Après le déjeuner, je rentre à la maison.

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                              grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- -----------------
  <span class="hanzi">中午</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhōngwǔ</span>     (n)           midi

  <span class="hanzi">吃</span>       <span class="pinyin">chī</span>         (v)           manger

  <span class="hanzi">饭</span>       <span class="pinyin">fàn</span>         (n)           riz, repas

  <span class="hanzi">午饭</span>     <span class="pinyin">wǔfàn</span>       (n)           le déjeuner

  <span class="hanzi">吃午饭</span>   <span class="pinyin">chī wǔfàn</span>   (v)           déjeuner

  <span class="hanzi">有时候</span>   <span class="pinyin">yǒushíhou</span>   (adv)         parfois

  <span class="hanzi">以后</span>     <span class="pinyin">yǐhòu</span>       (adv)         après

  <span class="hanzi">两</span>       <span class="pinyin">liǎng</span>       (num)         deux

  <span class="hanzi">家</span>       <span class="pinyin">jiā</span>         (n)           famille, maison
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_104}
---------

### Structure de la phrase : verbe + <span class="hanzist">的</span> + nom {#lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_105}

Lorsqu'un verbe est utilisé comme attribut, il est suivi de la particule
<span class="hanzi">的</span>.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">休息 的 时候</span>\
    pendant la pause (faire une pause + moment)
-   <span class="hanzi">吃饭 的 时候</span>\
    pendant le repas (manger + moment)\

</div>

### Deux: <span class="hanzist">二</span> et <span class="hanzist">两</span> {#lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_106}

<span class="hanzi">二</span> et <span class="hanzi">两</span>
signifient "deux". Devant un spécificatif, <span class="hanzi">两</span>
est utilisé au lieu de <span class="hanzi">二</span>.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">两点</span>\
    deux heures
-   <span class="hanzi">两分钟</span>\
    deux minutes
-   <span class="hanzi">两个人</span>\
    deux personnes\

</div>

Exercices de Subsitution {#lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_107}
------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_108}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin">Xiànzài jǐ diǎn le ?</span>                                        <span class="hanzi">现在几点 了？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Xiànzài <span class="encadrerouge">liǎng diǎn bàn</span>.</span>   <span class="hanzi">现在 <span class="encadrerouge">两点半</span>。</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  ----------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------- ------
  <span class="hanzi">两点十分</span>       <span class="pinyin">liǎng diǎn shí fēn</span>           2:10
  <span class="hanzi">两点一刻</span>       <span class="pinyin">liǎng diǎn yī kè</span>             2:15
  <span class="hanzi">差一刻八点</span>     <span class="pinyin">chà yí kè bā diǎn</span>            7:45
  <span class="hanzi">差五分钟两点</span>   <span class="pinyin">chà wǔ fēnzhōng liǎng diǎn</span>   1:55
  ----------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------- ------

### Exercice 2 {#lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_109}

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ <span class="encadrerouge">shàngwǔ</span> shénme shíhou shàngkè ?</span>                                       <span class="hanzi">你<span class="encadrerouge">上午</span>什么时候上课？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <span class="encadrerouge">shàngwǔ</span> <span class="encadrerouge">8 diǎn</span> kāishǐ shàngkè.</span>   <span class="hanzi">我们<span class="encadrerouge">上午</span><span class="encadrerouge">8点</span>开始上课。</span>
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------------------ --------
  Sub. 1                                                                                            Sub. 2
  <span class="hanzi">早上</span>   <span class="pinyin">zǎoshang</span>   matin                    8:00
  <span class="hanzi">上午</span>   <span class="pinyin">shàngwǔ</span>    matin (fin de matinée)   11:00
  <span class="hanzi">中午</span>   <span class="pinyin">zhōngwǔ</span>    midi                     1:00
  <span class="hanzi">下午</span>   <span class="pinyin">xiàwǔ</span>      après-midi               2:30
  <span class="hanzi">晚上</span>   <span class="pinyin">wǎnshang</span>   soir                     7:30
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------------------ --------

### Exercice 3 {#lesson09.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_110}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin">Xiūxi de shíhou nǐmen zuò shénme ?</span>                                                                          <span class="hanzi">休息的时候你们做什么？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Yǒude rén <span class="encadrerouge">hē kāfēi</span>, yǒude rén <span class="encadrerouge">xī yān</span>.</span>   <span class="hanzi">有的人<span class="encadrerouge">喝咖啡</span>有的人<span class="encadrerouge">吸烟</span>。</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  ----------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------
  <span class="hanzi">喝茶</span>     <span class="pinyin">hē chá</span>       boire du thé
  <span class="hanzi">去厕所</span>   <span class="pinyin">qù cèsuǒ</span>     aller aux toilettes
  <span class="hanzi">打电话</span>   <span class="pinyin">dǎ diànhuà</span>   téléphoner
  <span class="hanzi">吸烟</span>     <span class="pinyin">xī yān</span>       fumer
  ----------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------

<span id="lesson10.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 10 - Lieux publics -
==========================

<div class="resume">

Vocabulaire : Où vas-tu ce matin? Es-tu libre cet après-midi? On mange
ensemble?

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_111}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Où vas-tu ce matin?
-   Conversation 2 : Avec qui y vas-tu?
-   Conversation 3 : Es-tu libre cet après-midi?
-   Conversation 4 : On mange ensemble?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de Subsitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Où vas-tu ce matin? {#lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_112}
------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/10-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">今天上午你去哪儿？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Jīntiān shàngwǔ nǐ qù nǎr ?</span>\
    - Où vas-tu ce matin? ( aujourd'hui matin )
-   - <span class="hanzi">我去北京饭店。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ qù Běijīng Fàndiàn.</span>\
    - Je vais à l'hôtel "Pékin".
-   - <span class="hanzi">你去北京饭店干什么？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ qù Běijīng Fàndiàn gàn shénme?</span>
-   - <span class="hanzi">我去那儿看一个朋友。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ qù nàr kàn yí gè péngyou.</span>\
    - Je vais ( là-bas ) voir un ami.\

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                Type\         Traduction
                                                                          grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------
  <span class="hanzi">饭店</span>   <span class="pinyin">fàndiàn</span>   (n)           hôtel

  <span class="hanzi">干</span>     <span class="pinyin">gàn</span>       (v)           faire

  <span class="hanzi">哪儿</span>   <span class="pinyin">nǎr</span>       (pro)         où

  <span class="hanzi">那儿</span>   <span class="pinyin">nàr</span>       (pro)         là-bas

  <span class="hanzi">看</span>     <span class="pinyin">kàn</span>       (v)           regarder, voir

  <span class="hanzi">个</span>     <span class="pinyin">gè</span>        (spe)         ( un spécificatif )
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Avec qui y vas-tu? {#lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_113}
-----------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/10-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你跟谁一起去？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ gēn shéi yìqǐ qù?</span>\
    - Avec qui pars-tu?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我 跟 我 的 女朋友 一起 去。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ gēn wǒ de nǚpéngyou yìqǐ qù.</span>\
    - Avec ma petite amie.\

### Vocabulaire

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                              grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- -------------
  <span class="hanzi">跟</span>       <span class="pinyin">gēn</span>         (prep)        avec

  <span class="hanzi">一起</span>     <span class="pinyin">yìqǐ</span>        (adv)         ensemble

  <span class="hanzi">女朋友</span>   <span class="pinyin">nǚpéngyou</span>   (n)           petite amie
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : Es-tu libre cet après-midi? {#lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_114}
--------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/10-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">今天下午你有空儿吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Jīntiān xiàwǔ nǐ yǒu kòngr ma?</span>\
    - Es-tu libre cet après-midi? ( Aujourd'hui après-midi, as-tu du
    temps libre? )
-   - <span class="hanzi">3点以前我没有空儿。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Sāndiǎn yǐqián wǒ méi yǒu kòngr.</span>\
    - Avant 3 heures je ne suis pas libre. ( je n'ai pas de temps
    libre )
-   - <span class="hanzi">下午我去看电影。你去不去？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xiàwǔ wǒ qù kàn diànyǐng. Nǐ qù bú qù
    ?</span>\
    - Cet après-midi je vais au cinéma ( voir un film ), veux-tu venir?
-   - <span class="hanzi">去。看电影以后你想去哪儿？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Qù. Kàn diànyǐng yǐhòu nǐ xiǎng qù nǎr
    ?</span>\
    - Oui. Après ( avoir vu ) le film, où veux-tu aller?\

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                           grammatical   
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- -------------
  <span class="hanzi">有</span>     <span class="pinyin">yǒu</span>        (v)           avoir

  <span class="hanzi">空儿</span>   <span class="pinyin">kòngr</span>      (n)           temps libre

  <span class="hanzi">以前</span>   <span class="pinyin">yǐqián</span>     (n)           avant

  <span class="hanzi">以后</span>   <span class="pinyin">yǐhòu</span>      (n)           après

  <span class="hanzi">没</span>     <span class="pinyin">méi</span>        (adv)         ne pas...

  <span class="hanzi">电影</span>   <span class="pinyin">diànyǐng</span>   (n)           film
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 4 : On mange ensemble? {#lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_115}
-----------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/10-04.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">我们一起去饭馆儿吃饭好吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒmen yìqǐ qù fànguǎnr chīfàn,hǎo ma?</span>\
    - Nous allons ensemble ( manger ) au restaurant, d'accord?
-   - <span class="hanzi">行。现在你上哪儿去 ？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xíng. Xiànzài nǐ shàng nǎr qù ?</span>\
    - D'accord. Où vas-tu maintenant?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我去商店买东西。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ qù shāngdiàn mǎi dōngxi. </span>\
    - Je vais faire des courses ( acheter des trucs ).

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                              grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- -----------------
  <span class="hanzi">饭馆儿</span>   <span class="pinyin">fànguǎnr</span>    (n)           restaurant

  <span class="hanzi">吃</span>       <span class="pinyin">chī</span>         (v)           manger

  <span class="hanzi">饭</span>       <span class="pinyin">fàn</span>         (n)           riz, repas

  <span class="hanzi">好</span>       <span class="pinyin">hǎo</span>         (n)           bon, bien

  <span class="hanzi">好吗</span>     <span class="pinyin">hǎoma</span>                     d'accord?

  <span class="hanzi">行</span>       <span class="pinyin">xíng</span>                      d'accord, ça va

  <span class="hanzi">上</span>       <span class="pinyin">shàng</span>       (v)           aller, monter

  <span class="hanzi">商店</span>     <span class="pinyin">shāngdiàn</span>   (n)           magasin

  <span class="hanzi">买</span>       <span class="pinyin">mǎi</span>         (v)           acheter

  <span class="hanzi">东西</span>     <span class="pinyin">dōngxi</span>      (n)           chose, truc
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_116}
---------

### La préposition <span class="hanzist">跟</span> (avec) {#lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_117}

Le groupe " <span class="hanzi">跟</span> + nom " est le plus souvent
placé devant le verbe et joue le rôle d'adverbe.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">你 跟谁 一起 去商店？</span>\
    Avec qui vas-tu dans le magasin?
-   <span class="hanzi">我 跟朋友 一起 去商店。</span>\
    Je vais dans le magasin avec un ami\

</div>

### Forme négative : <span class="hanzist">没</span> {#lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_118}

La forme négative du verbe <span class="hanzi">有</span> (avoir) est :
<span class="hanzi">没有</span>.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">你 有 空儿吗？</span>\
    As-tu du temps libre?
-   <span class="hanzi">我 没有 空儿。</span>\
    Je n'ai pas de temps libre.\

</div>

Exercices de Subsitution {#lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_119}
------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_120}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">今天上午你去哪儿？</span>                                     - <span class="pinyin">Jīntiān shàngwǔ nǐ qù nǎr ?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">今天上午我去<span class="encadrerouge">商店</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Jīntiān shàngwǔ wǒ qù <span class="encadrerouge">shāngdiàn</span>.</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ -----------------
  <span class="hanzi">银行</span>     <span class="pinyin">yínháng</span>        banque
  <span class="hanzi">书店</span>     <span class="pinyin">shūdiàn</span>        librairie
  <span class="hanzi">邮局</span>     <span class="pinyin">yóujú</span>          poste
  <span class="hanzi">咖啡馆</span>   <span class="pinyin">kāfēiguǎn</span>      café
  <span class="hanzi">茶馆</span>     <span class="pinyin">cháguǎn</span>        salon de thé
  <span class="hanzi">电影院</span>   <span class="pinyin">diànyǐngyuàn</span>   cinéma
  <span class="hanzi">大学</span>     <span class="pinyin">dàxué</span>          université
  <span class="hanzi">教室</span>     <span class="pinyin">jiàoshì</span>        salle de classe
  <span class="hanzi">医院</span>     <span class="pinyin">yīyuàn</span>         hôpital
  ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ -----------------

\

### Exercice 2 {#lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_121}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你跟谁一起去？</span>                                             - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ gēn shéi yìqǐ qù ?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我跟我的<span class="encadrerouge">女朋友</span>一起去。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ gēn wǒde <span class="encadrerouge">nǚpéngyou</span> yìqǐ qù.</span>
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  ----------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------------
  <span class="hanzi">男朋友</span>   <span class="pinyin">nánpéngyou</span>   petit ami
  <span class="hanzi">同学</span>     <span class="pinyin">tóngxué</span>      copain de classe
  <span class="hanzi">同事</span>     <span class="pinyin">tóngshì</span>      collègue
  <span class="hanzi">爱人</span>     <span class="pinyin">àiren</span>        époux / épouse
  <span class="hanzi">孩子</span>     <span class="pinyin">háizi</span>        enfant(s)
  ----------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------------

\

### Exercice 3 {#lesson10.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_122}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">我们一起去<span class="encadrerouge">吃饭</span>好吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒmen yìqǐ qù <span class="encadrerouge">chī fàn</span> hǎoma ?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">行。</span>                                                     - <span class="pinyin">Xíng.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ ---------------------
  <span class="hanzi">看电影</span>   <span class="pinyin">kàn diànyǐng</span>   regarder un film

  <span class="hanzi">买东西</span>   <span class="pinyin">mǎi dōngxi</span>     faire des courses\
                                                                                 (acheter des trucs)

  <span class="hanzi">喝咖啡</span>   <span class="pinyin">hē kāfēi</span>       boire du café

  <span class="hanzi">喝茶</span>     <span class="pinyin">hē chá</span>         boire du thé

  <span class="hanzi">看老师</span>   <span class="pinyin">kàn lǎoshī</span>     voir un professeur
  ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ ---------------------

<span id="lesson11.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 11 - Vie courante, Fruits -
=================================

<div class="resume">

Introduction aux spécificatifs chinois (ou classificateurs) éléments
essentiels de la grammaire chinoise. Grammaire, exemples et exercices.
Vocabulaire : ce, ceci, cela, Qu'est-ce que c'est? Est-ce que c'est ton
dictionnaire?

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_123}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Qu'est-ce que c'est?
-   Conversation 2 : Quel est ce fruit là?
-   Conversation 3 : As-tu un dictionnaire?
-   Conversation 4 : Est-ce ton dictionnaire?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de Subsitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Qu'est-ce que c'est? {#lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_124}
-------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/11-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">这是什么？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì shénme ?</span>\
    - Qu'est-ce-que c'est?
-   - <span class="hanzi">这是书。那是什么东西？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì shū. Nà shì shénme dōngxi?</span>\
    - C'est un livre. Et quelle-est cette chose-là? ( Ça être quelle
    chose? )
-   - <span class="hanzi">那是水果。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nà shì shuǐguǒ.</span>\
    - C'est un fruit.

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                Type\         Traduction
                                                                          grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------- --------------
  <span class="hanzi">这</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhè</span>       (pro)         ce, ça, ceci

  <span class="hanzi">那</span>     <span class="pinyin">nà</span>        (pro)         ce, ça, cela

  <span class="hanzi">书</span>     <span class="pinyin">shū</span>       (n)           livre

  <span class="hanzi">东西</span>   <span class="pinyin">dōngxi</span>    (n)           chose

  <span class="hanzi">水果</span>   <span class="pinyin">shuǐguǒ</span>   (n)           fruit
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Quel est ce fruit là? {#lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_125}
--------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/11-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">那是什么水果？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nà shì shénme shuǐguǒ ?</span>\
    - Quel est ce fruit là? ( Cela être quel fruit? )
-   - <span class="hanzi">那是苹果。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nà shì píngguǒ.</span>\
    - C'est une pomme.
-   - <span class="hanzi">这是几支钢笔？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì jǐ zhī gāngbǐ ?</span>\
    - Combien y a-t-il de stylos? ( Ceci être combien de stylos? )
-   - <span class="hanzi">这是三支钢笔。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì sān zhī gāngbǐ.</span>\
    - Il y a 3 stylos.\

### Vocabulaire

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                Type\         Traduction
                                                                          grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------- ----------------
  <span class="hanzi">苹果</span>   <span class="pinyin">píngguǒ</span>   (n)           pomme

  <span class="hanzi">支</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhī</span>       (sp)          (spécificatif)

  <span class="hanzi">钢笔</span>   <span class="pinyin">gāngbǐ</span>    (n)           stylo
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : As-tu un dictionnaire? {#lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_126}
---------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/11-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你有没有词典？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ yǒu méi yǒu cídiǎn ?</span>\
    - As-tu un dictionnaire? ( Tu avoir / pas avoir un dictionnaire? )
-   - <span class="hanzi">我有词典。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ yǒu cídiǎn.</span>\
    - J'ai un dictionnaire.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你有几本词典？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ yǒu jǐ běn cídiǎn ?</span>\
    - Combien de dictionnaires as-tu? ( Tu as combien de
    dictionnaires? )
-   - <span class="hanzi">我有3本词。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ yǒu sān běn cídiǎn.</span>\
    - J'ai 3 dictionnaires.\

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                               Type\         Traduction
                                                                         grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------- ----------------
  <span class="hanzi">词典</span>   <span class="pinyin">cídiǎn</span>   (n)           dictionnaire

  <span class="hanzi">本</span>     <span class="pinyin">běn</span>      (sp)          (spécificatif)
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 4 : Est-ce ton dictionnaire? {#lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_127}
-----------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/11-04.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">这本词典是你的吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zhè běn cídiǎn shì nǐ de ma ? </span>\
    - Est-ce ton dictionnaire? ( Ce dictionnaire est à toi? )
-   - <span class="hanzi">是的，这本词典是我的。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Shì de, zhè běn cídiǎn shì wǒde.</span>\
    - Oui, c'est mon dictionnaire. ( Ce dictionnaire est à moi. )\

Grammaire {#lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_128}
---------

### Spécificatifs (ou classificateurs) {#lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_129}

Lorsque l'on compte des objets en chinois, le numéral ne peut être
utilisé directement comme attribut, mais doit être combiné avec un
spécificatif, inséré entre le numéral et le nom qu'il modifie.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">一 个 人</span>\
    une personne
-   <span class="hanzi">两 个 商店</span>\
    deux magasins
-   <span class="hanzi">一 本 书</span>\
    un livre
-   <span class="hanzi">三 张 地图</span>\
    trois cartes\

</div>

### Nom et spécificatifs {#lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_130}

Le spécificatif n'est pas le même selon le nom.\
De tous les spécificatifs, <span class="hanzi">个</span> est le plus
fréquemment utilisé. On l'utilise en particulier devant un nom indiquant
une personne, une chose ou un lieu.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

<ul>
<li>
<span class="hanzi">个</span> ：
</li>
-   <span class="hanzi">人</span>\
    personne
-   <span class="hanzi">学生</span>\
    étudiant
-   <span class="hanzi">商店</span>\
    magasin

<li>
<span class="hanzi">本</span> ：
</li>
-   <span class="hanzi">书</span>\
    livre
-   <span class="hanzi">词典</span>\
    dictionnaire

<li>
<span class="hanzi">张</span> ：
</li>
-   <span class="hanzi">报纸</span>\
    journal
-   <span class="hanzi">地图</span>\
    carte

<li>
<span class="hanzi">条</span> ：
</li>
-   <span class="hanzi">毛巾</span>\
    serviette

<li>
<span class="hanzi">把</span> ：
</li>
-   <span class="hanzi">雨伞</span>\
    parapluie

</ul>

</div>

Exercices de Subsitution {#lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_131}
------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_132}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">这是什么？</span>                                   - <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì shénme ?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">这是<span class="encadrerouge">书</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì <span class="encadrerouge">shū</span>.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- ---------------------
  <span class="hanzi">笔</span>       <span class="pinyin">bǐ</span>            stylo
  <span class="hanzi">地图</span>     <span class="pinyin">dìtú</span>          carte
  <span class="hanzi">本子</span>     <span class="pinyin">běnzi</span>         cahier
  <span class="hanzi">报纸</span>     <span class="pinyin">bàozhǐ</span>        journal
  <span class="hanzi">卫生纸</span>   <span class="pinyin">wèishēngzhǐ</span>   papier toilette
  <span class="hanzi">餐巾纸</span>   <span class="pinyin">cānjīnzhǐ</span>     serviette en papier
  <span class="hanzi">毛巾</span>     <span class="pinyin">máojīn</span>        serviette
  <span class="hanzi">雨伞</span>     <span class="pinyin">yǔsǎn</span>         parapluie
  <span class="hanzi">杯子</span>     <span class="pinyin">bēizi</span>         verre, tasse
  ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- ---------------------

### Exercice 2 {#lesson11.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_133}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你有几<span class="encadrerouge">本</span><span class="encadrerouge">词典</span>？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ yǒu jǐ <span class="encadrerouge">běn</span> <span class="encadrerouge">cídiǎn</span>?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我有3<span class="encadrerouge">本</span><span class="encadrerouge">词典</span>。</span>    - W<span class="pinyin">ǒ yǒu sān <span class="encadrerouge">běn</span> <span class="encadrerouge">cídiǎn</span>。</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th colspan="2">
Spécificatif

</th>
<th colspan="3">
Nom

</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">个</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">ge</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">本子</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">běnzi</span>

</td>
<td>
cahier

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">杯子</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">bēizi</span>

</td>
<td>
verre, tasse

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">苹果</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">píngguǒ</span>

</td>
<td>
pomme

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">张</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zhāng</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">报纸</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">bàozhǐ</span>

</td>
<td>
journal

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">地图</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dìtú</span>

</td>
<td>
carte

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">本</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">běn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">书</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">shū</span>

</td>
<td>
livre

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">杂志</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zázhì</span>

</td>
<td>
magazine

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">词典</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">cídiǎn</span>

</td>
<td>
dictionnaire

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">把</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">bǎ</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">雨伞</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yǔsǎn</span>

</td>
<td>
parapluie

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<span id="lesson12.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 12 - Achats, prix
=======================

<div class="resume">

Apprenez à faire les courses en chinois, à demander le prix des choses.
Grammaire, exemples et exercices. Vocabulaire : combien ça coûte?
Vendez-vous des cartes de Pékin?

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_134}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 :Vendez-vous des cartes de Pékin?
-   Conversation 2:
-   Combien pour une livre de raisin? Conversation 3 :
-   Voulez-vous quelque chose d'autre? Conversation 4 :
-   Combien en tout?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de Subsitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Vendez-vous des cartes de Pékin? {#lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_135}
-------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/12-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">小姐有北京地图吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xiǎojiě, yǒu Běijīng dìtú ma ?</span>\
    - Mademoiselle, vendez-vous ( Y a-t-il ) des cartes de Pékin? \*
-   - <span class="hanzi">有,这些都是. 你要哪种？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu, zhè xiē dōu shì. Nǐ yào nǎ zhǒng
    ?</span>\
    - Oui, elles sont toutes là. Quel genre voulez-vous?
-   - <span class="hanzi">这种地图多少钱一张？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zhè zhǒng dìtú duōshao qián yì zhāng?</span>\
    - Ce genre-ci, combien pour une?
-   - <span class="hanzi">两块5一张。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Liǎng kuài wǔ yì zhāng.</span>\
    - 2.5 Yuans l'une.\
    - <span class="hanzi">要一张。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yào yì zhāng.</span>\
    - J'en prends une.\

\* Les deux personnes du dialogue s'adressent en utilisant <span
class="hanzi">你</span> (tu), le dialogue a cependant été traduit en
remplaçant le tutoiement par le vouvoiement, qui serait d'usage en
français dans ce genre de situation.

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                Type\         Traduction
                                                                          grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------- --------------------
  <span class="hanzi">有</span>     <span class="pinyin">yǒu</span>       (v)           avoir, il y a

  <span class="hanzi">些</span>     <span class="pinyin">xiē</span>       (m)           quelque

  <span class="hanzi">要</span>     <span class="pinyin">yào</span>       (v)           vouloir, souhaiter

  <span class="hanzi">种</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhǒng</span>     (m)           type, genre

  <span class="hanzi">多少</span>   <span class="pinyin">duōshao</span>   (pro)         combien

  <span class="hanzi">钱</span>     <span class="pinyin">qián</span>      (n)           argent

  <span class="hanzi">块</span>     <span class="pinyin">kuài</span>      (sp)          (spécificatif)
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Combien pour une livre de raisin? {#lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_136}
--------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/12-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">葡萄多少钱一斤？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Pútao duōshao qián yì jīn ?</span>\
    - Combien pour une livre de raisin? ( raisin, combien une livre? )
-   - <span class="hanzi">两块5一斤。 你要几斤？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Liǎng kuài wǔ yì jīn. Nǐ yào jǐ jīn ?</span>\
    - 2.5 Yuans la livre. Combien de livres en voulez-vous?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我要3斤半。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ yào sān jīn bàn.</span>\
    - J'en veux trois livres et demi.\

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                              Type\         Traduction
                                                                        grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------------- ----------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">葡萄</span>   <span class="pinyin">pútao</span>   (n)           raisin

  <span class="hanzi">斤</span>     <span class="pinyin">jīn</span>     (sp)          ( unité de mesure ) 0.5 kg

  <span class="hanzi">半</span>     <span class="pinyin">bàn</span>     (n)           moitié
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : Voulez-vous quelque chose d'autre? {#lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_137}
---------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/12-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">您还要什么？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nín hái yào shénme ?</span>\
    - Désirez-vous autre chose?
-   - <span class="hanzi">还要3斤草莓.西瓜怎么卖？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Hái yào sān jīn cǎoméi. Xīguā zěnme mài
    ?</span>\
    - Je veux aussi 3 livres de fraises. Et combien pour les pastèques?
    ( Les pastèques, comment les vendez-vous? )
-   - <span class="hanzi">8毛一斤. 一个差不多有4斤。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Bā máo yì jīn. Yí gè chàbuduō yǒu
    sì jīn.</span>\
    - 8 Maos la livre. Une fait environ 4 livres.
-   - <span class="hanzi">再来一个西瓜。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zài lái yí gè xīguā.</span>\
    - Mettez-moi aussi une pastèque.\

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                             grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- ------------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">还</span>       <span class="pinyin">hái</span>        (adv)         aussi, encore

  <span class="hanzi">草莓</span>     <span class="pinyin">cǎoméi</span>     (n)           fraise

  <span class="hanzi">怎么</span>     <span class="pinyin">zěnme</span>      (pro)         comment

  <span class="hanzi">卖</span>       <span class="pinyin">mài</span>        (v)           vendre

  <span class="hanzi">西瓜</span>     <span class="pinyin">xīguā</span>      (n)           pastèque

  <span class="hanzi">毛</span>       <span class="pinyin">máo</span>        (m)           ( unité monétaire ) 0.1 yuan

  <span class="hanzi">差不多</span>   <span class="pinyin">chàbuduō</span>   (adv)         environ, à peu près

  <span class="hanzi">再</span>       <span class="pinyin">zài</span>        (n)           aussi, à nouveau

  <span class="hanzi">来</span>       <span class="pinyin">lái</span>        (v)           venir, prendre
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 4 : Combien en tout? {#lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_138}
---------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/12-04.mp3">
</audio>
-   -<span class="hanzi"> 一共多少钱？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yígòng duōshao qián ?</span>\
    - Combien en tout?
-   - <span class="hanzi">一共２９块９毛５分。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yígòng èrshíjiǔ kuài jiǔ máo wǔ fēn.</span>\
    - Au total, 29.95 Yuans ( 29 Yuans 9 Maos 5 Centimes ).
-   - <span class="hanzi">我没, 零钱这是,５０您找吧。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ méi língqián, zhè shi wǔshí, ５０ nín
    zhǎo ba.</span>\
    - Je n'ai pas de monnaie, voilà 50 ( Yuans ), rendez-moi la monnaie
    s'il vous plait.\

### Vocabulaire

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                           grammatical   
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">一共</span>   <span class="pinyin">yígòng</span>     (adv)         en tout, au total

  <span class="hanzi">分</span>     <span class="pinyin">fēn</span>        (sp)          (unité monétaire) centime

  <span class="hanzi">零钱</span>   <span class="pinyin">língqián</span>   (n)           petite monnaie

  <span class="hanzi">找</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhǎo</span>       (v)           rendre la monnaie

  <span class="hanzi">吧</span>     <span class="pinyin">ba</span>         (part)        (particule)
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_139}
---------

### Pronoms démonstratifs <span class="hanzist">这</span> et <span class="hanzist">那</span> {#lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_140}

Lorsque les pronoms démonstratifs <span class="hanzi">这</span> ou <span
class="hanzi">那</span> sont utilisés comme attributs, le nom qu'ils
qualifient doit être précédé d'un spécificatif.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">这 种地图</span>\
    ce genre de carte
-   <span class="hanzi">这 个月</span>\
    ce mois (-ci)
-   <span class="hanzi">那 个老师</span>\
    ce professeur (-là)\

</div>

### Le spécificatif <span class="hanzist">些</span> {#lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_141}

<span class="hanzi">些</span> est un spécificatif qui indique une
quantité indéfinie. Il est souvent utilisé après <span class="hanzi">这,
那, 哪...</span>

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">一 些 东西</span>\
    quelques objets
-   <span class="hanzi">这 些 地图</span>\
    ces cartes (-ci)
-   <span class="hanzi">哪 些 人？</span>\
    quelles personnes?\

</div>

Exercices de Subsitution {#lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_142}
------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_143}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">小姐,有<span class="encadrerouge">北京地图</span>吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Xiǎojiě, yǒu <span class="encadrerouge">Běijīng dìtú</span> ma ?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">有, 这些都是。</span>                                          - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu, zhè xiē dōu shì.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  --------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ----------
  <span class="hanzi">铅笔</span>   <span class="pinyin">qiānbǐ</span>      stylo
  <span class="hanzi">杂志</span>   <span class="pinyin">zázhì</span>       magazine
  <span class="hanzi">杯子</span>   <span class="pinyin">bēizi</span>       verre
  <span class="hanzi">本子</span>   <span class="pinyin">běnzi</span>       cahier
  <span class="hanzi">包</span>     <span class="pinyin">bào</span>         sac
  <span class="hanzi">香蕉</span>   <span class="pinyin">xiāngjiāo</span>   banane
  <span class="hanzi">樱桃</span>   <span class="pinyin">yīngtáo</span>     cerise
  --------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ----------

### Exercice 2 {#lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_144}

\

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">这种<span class="encadrerouge">地图</span>多少钱一<span class="encadrerouge">张</span>？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Zhè zhǒng <span class="encadrerouge">dìtú</span> duōshao qián yì <span class="encadrerouge">zhāng</span>?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">５</span>块一<span class="encadrerouge">张</span>。</span>             - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">wǔ</span> kuài yì <span class="encadrerouge">zhāng</span>.</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th colspan="3">
Nom

</th>
<th colspan="2">
Spé.

</th>
<th>
Prix

</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">铅笔</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">qiānbǐ</span>

</td>
<td width="75">
stylo

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">支</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zhī</span>

</td>
<td>
1.50

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">杂志</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zázhì</span>

</td>
<td>
magazine

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">本</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">běn</span>

</td>
<td>
6.20

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">杯子</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">bēizi</span>

</td>
<td>
verre

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">个</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">gè</span>

</td>
<td>
3.45

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">雨伞</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yǔsǎn</span>

</td>
<td>
parapluie

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">把</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">bǎ</span>

</td>
<td>
54.30

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 3 {#lesson12.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_145}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你<span class="encadrerouge">要</span>几斤？</span>                                     - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ <span class="encadrerouge">yào</span> jǐ jīn ?</span>\
                                                                                                                

  - <span class="hanzi">我<span class="encadrerouge">要</span><span class="encadrerouge">３斤</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ <span class="encadrerouge">yǎo</span> <span class="encadrerouge">sān jīn</span>.</span>\
                                                                                                                
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th colspan="3">
Verbe

</th>
<th colspan="2">
Spéc.

</th>
<th colspan="3">
Quantité

</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">买</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">mǎi</span>

</td>
<td>
acheter

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">个</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">gè</span>

</td>
<td>
1

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yì</span>

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">来</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">lái</span>

</td>
<td>
prendre

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">斤</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">jīn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">半</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">bàn</span>

</td>
<td>
demi

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">要</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yǎo</span>

</td>
<td>
vouloir

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">张</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zhāng</span>

</td>
<td>
３

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">sān</span>

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<span id="lesson13.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 13 - Vins et boissons
===========================

<div class="resume">

Grammaire : le passé en chinois, exemples et exercices. Vocabulaire :
Aimes-tu ... ? As-tu déjà ... ? Tu dois être ...

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_146}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Aimez vous l'alcool de riz?\
-   Conversation 2 : As-tu déjà bu du thé vert?\
-   Conversation 3 : Tu viens sûrement du Sud\
-   Grammaire\
-   Exercices de Subsitution\

</div>

Conversation 1 : Aimez vous l'alcool de riz? {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_147}
--------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/13-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你喜欢喝白酒吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ xǐhuān hē báijiǔ ma ?</span>\
    - Aimes-tu boire l'alcool de riz?
-   - <span class="hanzi">不太喜欢喝白酒, 喜欢喝茶.</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Bú tài xǐhuān hē báijiǔ, xǐhuān
    hē chá.</span>\
    - Je n'aime pas trop l'alcool de riz, j'aime le thé.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你喜欢喝花茶还是绿茶？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ xǐhuān hē huāchá háishì lǜchá ?</span>\
    - Aimes-tu le thé parfumé ou le thé vert.
-   - <span class="hanzi">花茶. 我经常喝花茶.</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Huāchá. Wǒ jīngcháng hē huāchá.</span>\
    - Le thé parfumé. J'en bois souvent.\

### Vocabulaire

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                            grammatical   
  --------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">喜欢</span>   <span class="pinyin">xǐhuān</span>      (v)           aimer

  <span class="hanzi">白酒</span>   <span class="pinyin">báijiǔ</span>      (n)           alcool de riz, eau-de-vie

  太                                <span class="pinyin">tài</span>         (adv)         trop

  <span class="hanzi">花茶</span>   <span class="pinyin">huāchá</span>      (n)           thé parfumé

  <span class="hanzi">还是</span>   <span class="pinyin">háishì</span>      (conj)        ou

  <span class="hanzi">绿茶</span>   <span class="pinyin">lǜchá</span>       (n)           thé vert

  <span class="hanzi">经常</span>   <span class="pinyin">jīngcháng</span>   (adv)         souvent
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : As-tu déjà bu du thé vert? {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_148}
-------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/13-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你喝过绿茶吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ hē guo lǜchá ma ?</span>\
    - As-tu déjà bu du thé vert?
-   - <span class="hanzi">没有。绿茶贵不贵？好喝吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Méi yǒu. Lǜchá guì bu guì? Hǎo hē ma
    ?</span>\
    - Non, le thé vert est-il cher? Est-il bon?
-   - <span class="hanzi">不便宜，很贵。我觉得很好喝。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Bù piányi, hěn guì. Wǒ juéde hěn
    hǎo hē.</span>\
    - Ce n'est pas bon marché, c'est très cher, mais je trouve que c'est
    très bon.\

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                               Type\         Traduction
                                                                         grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------- ---------------------
  <span class="hanzi">贵</span>     <span class="pinyin">guì</span>      (adj)         cher

  <span class="hanzi">好喝</span>   <span class="pinyin">hǎohē</span>    (adj)         bon (à boire)

  <span class="hanzi">便宜</span>   <span class="pinyin">piányi</span>   (adv)         bon marché

  <span class="hanzi">觉得</span>   <span class="pinyin">juéde</span>    (v)           trouver, considérer
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : Tu viens sûrement du Sud {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_149}
-----------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/13-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你一定是南方人。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ yídìng shì nánfāngrén.</span>\
    - Tu viens du Sud non? ( tu es sûrement quelqu'un du Sud.)
-   - <span class="hanzi">是啊。你怎么知道？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Shì a. Nǐ zěnme zhīdào ?</span>\
    - En effet! Comment le sais-tu?
-   - <span
    class="hanzi">因为北方人喝，花茶南方人。喜欢喝绿茶。你喝过龙井吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yīnwèi běifāngrén hē huāchá，nánfāngrén
    xǐhuān hē lǜchá. Nǐ hē guo lóngjǐng ma ?</span>\
    - Parce qu'au Nord on boit ( les gens du Nord boivent ) du thé
    parfumé, au Sud du thé vert. As-tu bu du thé Longjing?
-   - <span class="hanzi">当然啦。西湖龙井很。有名。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Dāngrán la. Xīhú lóngjǐng
    hěn yǒumíng.</span> - Évidemment !\
    - Le thé Longjing du lac de l'Ouest est très célèbre.
-   - <span class="hanzi">看来你对茶很了解。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Kànlái nǐ duì chá hěn liǎojiě.</span>\
    - Toi, tu m'as l'air de t'y connaître en thé.\

### Vocabulaire

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                           grammatical   
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- -----------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">南方</span>   <span class="pinyin">nánfāng</span>    (n)           le Sud

  <span class="hanzi">怎么</span>   <span class="pinyin">zěnme</span>      (pro)         comment

  <span class="hanzi">知道</span>   <span class="pinyin">zhīdào</span>     (v)           savoir

  <span class="hanzi">因为</span>   <span class="pinyin">yīnwèi</span>     (conj)        parce que

  <span class="hanzi">北方</span>   <span class="pinyin">běifāng</span>    (n)           le Nord

  <span class="hanzi">龙井</span>   <span class="pinyin">lóngjǐng</span>   (n)           Longjing (nom d'un thé)

  <span class="hanzi">当然</span>   <span class="pinyin">dāngrán</span>    (adv)         évidemment

  <span class="hanzi">啦</span>     <span class="pinyin">la</span>         (part)        (particule modale)

  <span class="hanzi">西湖</span>   <span class="pinyin">Xīhú</span>       (n)           lac de l'Ouest (à Hangzhou)

  <span class="hanzi">有名</span>   <span class="pinyin">yǒumíng</span>    (adv)         fameux

  <span class="hanzi">看来</span>   <span class="pinyin">kànlái</span>     (v)           sembler, avoir l'air

  <span class="hanzi">对</span>     <span class="pinyin">duì</span>        (prep)        pour, envers

  <span class="hanzi">了解</span>   <span class="pinyin">liǎojiě</span>    (v)           comprendre, connaître
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_150}
---------

### Interrogation exprimant une alternative : <span class="hanzist">还是</span> {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_151}

Une "interrogation exprimant une alternative" est composée de deux
déclarations liées par <span class="hanzi">还是</span>. Les deux
déclarations suggèrent les deux choix proposés à la personne adressée.

Exemples :

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">你 喝 花茶 还是 绿茶？</span>\
    Tu vois du thé parfumé ou du thé vert?
-   <span class="hanzi">你 去 北京 还是 上海？</span>\
    Tu vas à Pékin ou à Shanghai?
-   <span class="hanzi">你 是 中国人 还是 法国人？</span>\
    Tu es chinois ou Français?\

</div>

### Structure de la phrase {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_152}

Une phrase sujet-prédicat peut devenir le complément d'objet pour
certain verbes.

Exemples :

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">我 觉得 绿茶 很贵 。</span>\
    Je trouve que le thé vert est très cher.
-   <span class="hanzi">我 觉得 茶 很好喝 。</span>\
    Je trouve que le thé est bon.\

</div>

### La préposition <span class="hanzist">对</span> {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_153}

La préposition <span class="hanzi">对</span> et son objet sont placés
devant le verbe.

Exemples :

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">他 对 茶 很了解 。</span>\
    Il s'y connaît beaucoup en thé.
-   <span class="hanzi">我 对 他 说 。</span>\
    Je le dis à lui. (je lui dis)\

</div>

Exercices de Subsitution {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_154}
------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_155}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你喜欢喝<span class="encadrerouge">白酒</span>吗？</span>     - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ xǐhuān hē <span class="encadrerouge">báijiǔ</span> ma?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我不太喜欢喝<span class="encadrerouge">白酒</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ bú tài xǐhuān hē <span class="encadrerouge">báijiǔ</span>.</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### Vocabulaire {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_156}

  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">啤酒</span>       <span class="pinyin">píjiǔ</span>          bière
  <span class="hanzi">香槟酒</span>     <span class="pinyin">xiāngbīnjiǔ</span>    champagne
  <span class="hanzi">威士忌</span>     <span class="pinyin">wēishìji</span>       whisky
  <span class="hanzi">葡萄酒</span>     <span class="pinyin">pútaojiǔ</span>       vin
  <span class="hanzi">红葡萄酒</span>   <span class="pinyin">hóngpútaojiǔ</span>   vin rouge
  <span class="hanzi">白葡萄酒</span>   <span class="pinyin">báipútaojiǔ</span>    vin blanc
  <span class="hanzi">茅台酒</span>     <span class="pinyin">máotáijiǔ</span>      Maotai, une eau-de-vie chinoise
  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------

### Exercice 2 {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_157}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你喜欢喝<span class="encadrerouge">花茶</span>还是<span class="encadrerouge">绿茶</span>？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ xǐhuān hē <span class="encadrerouge">huāchá</span> háishì <span class="encadrerouge">lǜchá</span>?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我喜欢喝花茶。</span>                                                                               - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ xǐhuān hē <span class="encadrerouge">huāchá</span>.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### Vocabulaire {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_158}

  ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- --------------
  <span class="hanzi">矿泉水</span>   <span class="pinyin">kuàngquánshuǐ</span>   eau minérale
  <span class="hanzi">桔子水</span>   <span class="pinyin">júzishuǐ</span>        jus d'orange
  <span class="hanzi">雪碧</span>     <span class="pinyin">Xuěbì</span>           Sprite
  <span class="hanzi">牛奶</span>     <span class="pinyin">niúnǎi</span>          lait
  <span class="hanzi">酸奶</span>     <span class="pinyin">suānnǎi</span>         yaourt
  <span class="hanzi">咖啡</span>     <span class="pinyin">kāfēi</span>           café
  ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- --------------

### Exercice 3 {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_159}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ jīngcháng hē shénme <span class="encadrerouge">chá</span>?</span>   - <span class="hanzi">你经常喝什么<span class="encadrerouge">茶</span>？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ jīngcháng hē <span class="encadrerouge">huāchá</span>.</span>       - <span class="hanzi">我经常喝<span class="encadrerouge">花茶</span>。</span>
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### Vocabulaire {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_160}

  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- -----------
  <span class="hanzi">酒</span>     <span class="pinyin">jiǔ</span>       alcool
  <span class="hanzi">啤酒</span>   <span class="pinyin">píjiǔ</span>     bière
  <span class="hanzi">红酒</span>   <span class="pinyin">hóngjiǔ</span>   vin rouge
  <span class="hanzi">饮料</span>   <span class="pinyin">yǐnliào</span>   soda
  <span class="hanzi">咖啡</span>   <span class="pinyin">kāfēi</span>     café
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- -----------

### Exercice 4 {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_161}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --
  - <span class="hanzi">你对<span class="encadrerouge">茶</span>了解吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ duì <span class="encadrerouge">chá</span> liǎojiě ma?</span>    
  - <span class="hanzi">我对<span class="encadrerouge">茶</span>很了解。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ duì <span class="encadrerouge">chá</span> hěn liǎojiě.</span>   
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --

### Vocabulaire {#lesson13.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_162}

  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ---------------
  <span class="hanzi">中国</span>       <span class="pinyin">Zhōngguó</span>        Chine
  <span class="hanzi">比利时</span>     <span class="pinyin">Bǐlìshí</span>         Belgique
  <span class="hanzi">北京</span>       <span class="pinyin">Běijīng</span>         Pékin
  <span class="hanzi">你的朋友</span>   <span class="pinyin">nǐ de péngyou</span>   ton ami
  <span class="hanzi">白酒</span>       <span class="pinyin">báijiǔ</span>          alcool de riz
  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ---------------

<span id="lesson14.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 14 - Café, bar, maison de thé
===================================

<div class="resume">

Apprenez à commander des boissons en chinois. Grammaire : introduction
du temps futur, exemples et exercices. Vocabulaire : As-tu faim? Que
bois-tu? Allons-y.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_163}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : As-tu faim?
-   Conversation 2 : Je t'attends
-   Conversation 3 : Qu'est-ce que tu bois?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de Subsitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : As-tu faim? {#lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_164}
----------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/14-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你饿不饿？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ è bú è?</span>\
    - As-tu faim?
-   - <span class="hanzi">不饿。我很累，而且有点儿渴。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Bú è. Wǒ hěn lèi, érqiě yǒudiǎnr kě.</span>\
    - Non, je suis fatigué, de plus j'ai un peu soif
-   - <span class="hanzi">今天太忙，我也是又累又渴。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Jīntiān tài máng, wǒ yě shì yòu lèi
    yòu kě.</span>\
    - Aujourd'hui fut très chargé. Je suis aussi fatigué et assoifé.
-   - <span class="hanzi">咱们去咖啡厅喝点儿？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zánmen qù kāfēitīng hē diǎnr shénme?</span>\
    - Allons au café boire quelque chose.
-   - <span class="hanzi">行， 我同意。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xíng, wǒ tóngyì.</span>\
    - Ça marche, d'accord.\

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                                    Pinyin                                      Type\         Traduction
                                                                                       grammatical   
  ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ------------- --------------------
  <span class="hanzi">饿</span>            <span class="pinyin">é</span>               (v)           avoir faim

  <span class="hanzi">渴</span>            <span class="pinyin">kě</span>              (v)           avoir soif

  <span class="hanzi">而且</span>          <span class="pinyin">érqiě</span>           (conj)        de plus

  <span class="hanzi">有点儿</span>        <span class="pinyin">yǒudiǎnr</span>        (adv)         un petit peu

  <span class="hanzi">累</span>            <span class="pinyin">lèi</span>             (adj)         fatigué

  <span class="hanzi">忙</span>            <span class="pinyin">máng</span>            (adj)         occupé

  <span class="hanzi">又... 又...</span>   <span class="pinyin">yòu... yòu...</span>   (conj)        ... et ...

  <span class="hanzi">咱们</span>          <span class="pinyin">zánmen</span>          (pro)         nous, on

  <span class="hanzi">咖啡厅</span>        <span class="pinyin">kāfēitīng</span>       (n)           café (lieu)

  <span class="hanzi">吧</span>            <span class="pinyin">ba</span>              (part)        (particule modale)

  <span class="hanzi">行</span>            <span class="pinyin">xíng</span>            (adj)         d'accord

  <span class="hanzi">同意</span>          <span class="pinyin">tóngyì</span>          (v)           accepter
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Je t'attends {#lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_165}
-----------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/14-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">我去下厕所，一会儿在咖啡厅见。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ qù xià cèsuo, yíhuìr zài
    kāfēitīng jiàn.</span>\
    - Je vais aux toilettes, on se retrouve dans un instant au café.
-   - <span class="hanzi">好吧。一会儿我在 门口等你。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Hǎo ba. Yíhuìr wǒ zài ménkǒu děng nǐ.</span>\
    - D'accord, je t'attendrai à l'entrée.\

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                    Type\         Traduction
                                                                                grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------
  <span class="hanzi">厕所</span>     <span class="pinyin">cèsuǒ</span>         (n)           toilettes

  <span class="hanzi">上厕所</span>   <span class="pinyin">shàng cèsuǒ</span>   (v)           aller aux toilettes

  <span class="hanzi">一会儿</span>   <span class="pinyin">yí huìr</span>       (n)           un moment

  <span class="hanzi">见</span>       <span class="pinyin">jiàn</span>          (v)           voir

  <span class="hanzi">门口</span>     <span class="pinyin">ménkǒu</span>        (n)           porte, entrée

  <span class="hanzi">等</span>       <span class="pinyin">děng</span>          (v)           attendre
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : Qu'est-ce que tu bois? {#lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_166}
---------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/14-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">先生，你们喝点儿什么？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xiānsheng, nǐmen hē diǎnr shénme ?</span>\
    - Messieurs, que buvez-vous?
-   - <span class="hanzi">要杯可乐。你们这儿有啤酒吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yào bēi kělè. Nǐmen zhèr yǒu píjiǔ ma
    ?</span>\
    - Un verre de Coca-Cola, avez-vous de la bière ( ici )?
-   - <span class="hanzi">有，有青岛啤酒和燕京啤酒。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu, yǒu Qīngdǎo píjiǔ hé
    Yānjīng píjiǔ.</span>\
    - Oui, ( nous ) avons de la Qingdao et de la Yanjing.
-   - <span class="hanzi">有法国葡萄酒吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu Fǎguó pútaojiǔ ma ?</span>\
    - Avez-vous du vin français?
-   - <span class="hanzi">对不起，我们这儿没有。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Duìbùqǐ, wǒmen zhèr méi yǒu.</span>\
    - Désolé, nous n'en avons pas.
-   - <span class="hanzi">那，来一瓶啤酒和一 壶茶。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nà, lái yì píng píjiǔ hé yì hú chá.</span>\
    - Alors amenez-nous une bouteille de bière et un pot de thé.\

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                             grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- ------------------
  <span class="hanzi">点儿</span>     <span class="pinyin">diǎnr</span>      (n)           un peu

  <span class="hanzi">杯</span>       <span class="pinyin">bēi</span>        (spe)         verre

  <span class="hanzi">可乐</span>     <span class="pinyin">kělè</span>       (n)           (Coca) Cola

  <span class="hanzi">这儿</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhèr</span>       (pro)         ici

  <span class="hanzi">和</span>       <span class="pinyin">hé</span>         (conj)        et

  <span class="hanzi">青岛</span>     <span class="pinyin">Qīngdǎo</span>    (n)           Ville de Qingdao

  <span class="hanzi">燕京</span>     <span class="pinyin">Yānjīng</span>    (n)           bière Yanjing

  <span class="hanzi">法国</span>     <span class="pinyin">Fǎguó</span>      (n)           France

  <span class="hanzi">葡萄酒</span>   <span class="pinyin">pútaojiǔ</span>   (n)           vin

  <span class="hanzi">那</span>       <span class="pinyin">nà</span>         (conj)        alors

  <span class="hanzi">瓶</span>       <span class="pinyin">píng</span>       (spe)         bouteille

  <span class="hanzi">壶</span>       <span class="pinyin">hú</span>         (spe)         pot
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_167}
---------

### Non seulement ... mais encore ... <span class="hanzist">又... 又...</span> {#lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_168}

<span class="hanzi">又... 又...</span> peuvent relier deux adjectifs.

Exemples :

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">我 又 累 又 渴。</span>\
    Je suis fatigué et assoiffé.
-   - <span class="hanzi">啤酒 又 便宜 又 好喝。</span>\
    La bière est peu chère et bonne.\

</div>

### Le pronom <span class="hanzist">咱们</span> {#lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_169}

<span class="hanzi">咱们</span> (<span class="pinyin">zánmen</span>)
inclut à la fois celui qui parle et celui qui écoute. Il a souvent le
sens du français "Allons + action".

Exemples :

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">咱们 去 吃点儿什么吧！</span>\
    Allons manger quelque chose !
-   - <span class="hanzi">咱们 去 上课吧！</span>\
    Allons en classe !
-   - <span class="hanzi">咱们 喝 吧！</span>\
    Buvons !\

</div>

### Structure de la phrase {#lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_170}

Si un pronom personel ou un nom de personne indique aussi un lieu, il
doit être suivi de <span class="hanzi">这儿</span> (ici) ou <span
class="hanzi">那儿</span> (là).

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">你们 这儿</span>\
    vous, chez vous
-   - <span class="hanzi">她们 那儿</span>\
    elles, chez elles
-   - <span class="hanzi">我朋友 那儿</span>\
    mes amis, chez mes amis\

</div>

Exercices de subsitution {#lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_171}
------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_172}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- --
  - <span class="hanzi">你<span class="encadrerouge">饿不饿</span> ?</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ <span class="encadrerouge">è bú è</span>?</span>   
  - <span class="hanzi">我不<span class="encadrerouge">饿</span>。</span>     - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ bú <span class="encadrerouge">è</span> .</span>    
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- --

  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- --------------
  <span class="hanzi">渴</span>     <span class="pinyin">kě</span>        avoir soif
  <span class="hanzi">累</span>     <span class="pinyin">lèi</span>       être fatigué
  <span class="hanzi">忙</span>     <span class="pinyin">máng</span>      être occupé
  <span class="hanzi">高兴</span>   <span class="pinyin">gāoxìng</span>   être ravi
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- --------------

### Exercice 2 {#lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_173}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --
  - <span class="hanzi">咱们<span class="encadrerouge">去</span><span class="encadrerouge">喝</span>点儿<span class="encadrerouge">什么</span>，行吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Zánmen <span class="encadrerouge">qù</span> <span class="encadrerouge">hē</span> diǎnr <span class="encadrerouge">shénme</span>, xíng ma ?</span>   
  - （<span class="hanzi">不）行。</span>                                                                                                                       - <span class="pinyin">(Bù) xíng.</span>                                                                                                                                   
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Verbe

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Verbe

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Nom

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">去</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">qù</span>

</td>
<td>
aller

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">买</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">mǎi</span>

</td>
<td>
acheter

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">东西</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dōngxi</span>

</td>
<td>
chose

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">去</span>

</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">喝</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">hē</span>

</td>
<td>
boire

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">茶</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">chá</span>

</td>
<td>
thé

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">去</span>

</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">吃</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">chī</span>

</td>
<td>
manger

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">饭</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fàn</span>

</td>
<td>
riz

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">去</span>

</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">买</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">mǎi</span>

</td>
<td>
acheter

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">书</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">shū</span>

</td>
<td>
livre

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 3 {#lesson14.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_174}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --
  - <span class="hanzi">你在哪儿等我？</span>                                           <span class="pinyin"> - </span>Nǐ zài nǎr děng wǒ?                                                 
  - <span class="hanzi">我在<span class="encadrerouge">咖啡厅门口</span>等你。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ zài <span class="encadrerouge">kāfēitīng ménkǒu</span> děng nǐ.</span>   
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --

\

  ------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- ---------------------
  <span class="hanzi">教室</span>       <span class="pinyin">jiàoshì</span>          salle de classe
  <span class="hanzi">学校门口</span>   <span class="pinyin">xuéxiào ménkǒu</span>   portail de l'école
  <span class="hanzi">商店</span>       <span class="pinyin">shāngdiàn</span>        magasin
  <span class="hanzi">邮局</span>       <span class="pinyin">yóujú</span>            poste
  <span class="hanzi">银行门口</span>   <span class="pinyin">yínháng ménkǒu</span>   entrée de la banque
  <span class="hanzi">火车站</span>     <span class="pinyin">huǒchēzhàn</span>       gare
  ------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- ---------------------

<span id="lesson15.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 15 - Menu, Nourriture
===========================

<div class="resume">

Grammaire : la forme interrogative "affirmation / négation" du chinois,
répétition du verbe, exemples et exercices. Vocabulaire : Préfères-tu la
cuisine chinoise ou occidentale? As-tu goûté au canard laqué? Quel est
ce plat?

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_175}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Préfères-tu la cuisine chinoise ou occidentale?
-   Conversation 2 : As-tu déjà mangé du canard laqué?
-   Conversation 3 : Quel est ce plat?
-   Conversation 4 : Quelle est ta nourriture de base habituelle?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de subsitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Préfères-tu la cuisine chinoise ou occidentale? {#lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_176}
----------------------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/15-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你喜欢吃中餐还是西餐？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ xǐhuān chī Zhōngcān háishì Xīcān?</span>\
    - Préfères-tu la cuisine chinoise ou occidentale? ( Tu aimes plus la
    cuisine chinoise ou la cuisine occidentale?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我非常喜欢吃中餐。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ fēicháng xǐhuān chī Zhōngcān.</span>\
    - J'aime beaucoup (manger) la cuisine chinoise.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你最喜欢吃什么？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zuì xǐhuān chī shénme?</span>\
    - Q'est-ce que tu préfères? ( Tu aimes plus manger quoi ? )
-   - <span class="hanzi">我最喜欢吃饺子。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ zuì xǐhuān chī jiǎozi.</span>\
    - J'aime les raviolis.\

### Vocabulaire

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                           grammatical   
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------
  <span class="hanzi">中餐</span>   <span class="pinyin">Zhōngcān</span>   (n)           cuisine chinoise

  <span class="hanzi">西餐</span>   <span class="pinyin">Xīcān</span>      (n)           cuisine occidentale

  <span class="hanzi">非常</span>   <span class="pinyin">fēicháng</span>   (adv)         très, beaucoup

  <span class="hanzi">最</span>     <span class="pinyin">zuì</span>        (adv)         le plus

  <span class="hanzi">饺子</span>   <span class="pinyin">jiǎozi</span>     (n)           ravioli (chinois)
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Have you ever eaten roast duck? {#lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_177}
------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/15-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你吃过烤鸭没有？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ chī guo kǎoyā méi yǒu?</span>\
    - As-tu déjà mangé du canard laqué ?
-   - <span class="hanzi">没吃过好吃吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Méi chī guo hǎochī ma?</span>\
    - Non ( Je n'en ai pas mangé ), est-ce que c'est bon?
-   - <span class="hanzi">不错你应该尝一尝。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Búcuò nǐ yīnggāi cháng yi cháng.</span>\
    - Pas mauvais, tu devrais goûter.\

### Vocabulaire

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                Type\         Traduction
                                                                          grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------- -----------------
  <span class="hanzi">烤鸭</span>   <span class="pinyin">kǎoyā</span>     (n)           canard laqué

  <span class="hanzi">好吃</span>   <span class="pinyin">hǎochī</span>    (adj)         bon, délicieux

  <span class="hanzi">不错</span>   <span class="pinyin">búcuò</span>     (adj)         pas mal

  <span class="hanzi">应该</span>   <span class="pinyin">yīnggāi</span>   (v)           falloir, devoir

  <span class="hanzi">尝</span>     <span class="pinyin">cháng</span>     (v)           essayer, goûter
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : Quel est ce plat? {#lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_178}
----------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/15-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你知道是什么菜吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zhīdào shì shénme cài ma?</span>\
    - Sais-tu quel est ce plat?
-   - <span class="hanzi">这是凉菜，也叫下酒菜。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì liángcài, yě jiào xiàjiǔcài.</span>\
    - C'est un plat froid. On l'appelle aussi "le plat qui fait passer
    l'alcool" ( descendre alcool plat ).
-   - <span class="hanzi">菜单上有什么热菜？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Càidān shàng yǒu shénme rècài?</span>\
    - Qu'y a-t-il comme plat chaud sur le menu?
-   - <span class="hanzi">有青菜，鱼，肉，鸡和海鲜。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu qīngcài, yú, ròu, jī hé hǎixiān.</span>\
    - Il y a des légumes, du poisson, du porc, du poulet et des fruits
    de mer.\

### Vocabulaire

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                              grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------
  <span class="hanzi">知道</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhīdào</span>      (v)           savoir

  <span class="hanzi">菜</span>       <span class="pinyin">cài</span>         (n)           plat, légumes

  <span class="hanzi">凉菜</span>     <span class="pinyin">liángcài</span>    (n)           plat froid

  <span class="hanzi">下酒菜</span>   <span class="pinyin">xiàjiǔcài</span>   (n)           plat froid

  <span class="hanzi">菜单</span>     <span class="pinyin">càidān</span>      (n)           menu

  <span class="hanzi">上</span>       <span class="pinyin">shàng</span>       (n)           sur

  <span class="hanzi">热</span>       <span class="pinyin">rè</span>          (adj)         chaud

  <span class="hanzi">热菜</span>     <span class="pinyin">rècài</span>       (n)           plat chaud

  <span class="hanzi">青菜</span>     <span class="pinyin">qīngcài</span>     (n)           légumes

  <span class="hanzi">鱼</span>       <span class="pinyin">yú</span>          (n)           poisson

  <span class="hanzi">肉</span>       <span class="pinyin">ròu</span>         (n)           viande, porc

  <span class="hanzi">鸡</span>       <span class="pinyin">jī</span>          (n)           poulet

  <span class="hanzi">海鲜</span>     <span class="pinyin">hǎixiān</span>     (n)           fruits de mer
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 4 : Quelle est ta nourriture de base habituelle? {#lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_179}
-------------------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/15-04.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你常吃什么主食？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ cháng chī shénme zhǔshí?</span>\
    - En général quelle est ta nourriture de base?
-   - <span class="hanzi">米饭和馒头。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Mǐfàn hé mántou.</span>\
    - Le riz et le pain vapeur.\

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                               Type\         Traduction
                                                                         grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------- ----------------------
  <span class="hanzi">常</span>     <span class="pinyin">cháng</span>    (n)           souvent, d'ordinaire

  <span class="hanzi">主食</span>   <span class="pinyin">zhǔshí</span>   (n)           nourriture de base

  <span class="hanzi">米饭</span>   <span class="pinyin">mǐfàn</span>    (n)           riz (cuisiné)

  <span class="hanzi">馒头</span>   <span class="pinyin">mántou</span>   (n)           pain vapeur
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_180}
---------

### Question utilisant <span class="hanzist">没有</span> {#lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_181}

Dans les phrases utilisant la particule <span class="hanzi">过</span>
(<span class="pinyin">guo</span>), la forme interrogative "affirmation /
négation" se compose ainsi:

Exemple

<div class="exemple">

-   你<span class="hanzi"> 去 过 北京 没有？</span>\
    Es-tu allé à Pékin?
-   <span class="hanzi">你 吃 过 饺子 没有？</span>\
    As-tu mangé des raviolis?

</div>

### Répétition du verbe : <span class="hanzist">尝一尝</span> {#lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_182}

C'est la cas des verbes qui dénotent une action qui peut être répétée.

On utilise ce procédé lorsque l'on veut indiquer une action de courte
durée, afin d'adoucir le ton, ou de donner une touche décontractée et
informelle.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">你 应该 尝一尝。</span>\
    Tu devrais goûter.
-   <span class="hanzi">你 应该 看一看。</span>\
    Tu devrais jeter un coup d'œil.\

</div>

Exercices de subsitution {#lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_183}
------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_184}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你喜欢吃<span class="encadrerouge">中餐</span>还是<span class="encadrerouge">西餐</span> ?</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ xǐhuān chī <span class="encadrerouge">Zhōngcān</span> háishì <span class="encadrerouge">Xīcān</span>?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我非常喜欢吃<span class="encadrerouge">西餐</span> 。</span>                                        - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ fēicháng xǐhuān chī <span class="encadrerouge">Xīcān</span>.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  ----------------------------------- -------------------------------------- -------------------
  <span class="hanzi">法国餐</span>   <span class="pinyin">Fǎguócān</span>   cuisine française
  <span class="hanzi">青菜</span>     <span class="pinyin">qīngcài</span>    légumes
  <span class="hanzi">鱼</span>       <span class="pinyin">yú</span>         poisson
  <span class="hanzi">肉</span>       <span class="pinyin">ròu</span>        porc
  <span class="hanzi">鸡</span>       <span class="pinyin">jī</span>         poulet
  <span class="hanzi">海鲜</span>     <span class="pinyin">hǎixiān</span>    fruits de mer
  ----------------------------------- -------------------------------------- -------------------

### Exercice 2 {#lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_185}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你最喜欢吃什么？</span>                                     - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zuì xǐhuān chī shénme?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我最喜欢吃<span class="encadrerouge">饺子</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ zuì xǐhuān chī <span class="encadrerouge">jiǎozi</span>.</span>
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- --------------
  <span class="hanzi">面条</span>   <span class="pinyin">miàntiáo</span>   nouilles
  <span class="hanzi">烤鸭</span>   <span class="pinyin">kǎoyā</span>      canard laqué
  <span class="hanzi">牛肉</span>   <span class="pinyin">niúròu</span>     bœuf
  <span class="hanzi">猪肉</span>   <span class="pinyin">zhūròu</span>     porc
  <span class="hanzi">羊肉</span>   <span class="pinyin">yángròu</span>    agneau
  <span class="hanzi">虾</span>     <span class="pinyin">xiā</span>        crevette
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- --------------

### Exercice 3 {#lesson15.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_186}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你知道这是什么菜吗？</span>                           - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zhīdào zhè shì shénme cài ma ?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">这是<span class="encadrerouge">凉菜</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">zhè shì <span class="encadrerouge">liángcài</span>.</span>
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  ----------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------
  <span class="hanzi">汤</span>       <span class="pinyin">tāng</span>         soupe
  <span class="hanzi">花生米</span>   <span class="pinyin">huāshēngmǐ</span>   cacahouètes écalées
  <span class="hanzi">包子</span>     <span class="pinyin">bāozi</span>        pain vapeur fourré
  <span class="hanzi">香菇</span>     <span class="pinyin">xiānggū</span>      champigon
  <span class="hanzi">黄瓜</span>     <span class="pinyin">huángguā</span>     concombre
  <span class="hanzi">西红柿</span>   <span class="pinyin">xīhóngshì</span>    tomate
  <span class="hanzi">鸡蛋</span>     <span class="pinyin">jīdàn</span>        œuf
  ----------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------

<span id="lesson16.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 16 - Au Restaurant -
==========================

<div class="resume">

Apprenez à lire un menu en chinois et à commander les plats. Grammaire :
les verbes auxiliaires, exemples et exercices. Vocabulaire : Avez-vous
un menu? Désirez-vous autre chose? L'addition s'il vous plait.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson16.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_187}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Au Restaurant
-   Conversation 2 : Au Restaurant
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de subsitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Au Restaurant {#lesson16.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_188}
------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/16-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你们二位吃点儿什么？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐmen èr wèi chī diǎnr shénme?</span>\
    - Qu'est-ce que ces deux messieurs souhaitent manger?
-   - <span class="hanzi">有菜单吗？ 先看一下菜单。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu càidān ma ? Xiān kàn
    yíxià càidān.</span>\
    - Avez-vous le menu? Regardons d'abord une fois le menu.
-   - <span class="hanzi">这是菜单。你们先看一下。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zhè shì càidān. Nǐmen xiān kàn yíxià.</span>\
    - Voici le menu? Regardez-le.
-   - <span
    class="hanzi">先来３个凉菜，一个拌黄瓜，一盘儿花生米，一个酱牛肉。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xiān lǎi sān gè liángcài, yí gè bànhuángguā,
    yì pánr huāshēngmǐ, yí gè jiàngniúròu.</span>\
    - Pour commencer, 3 plats froids, une salade de concombre, des
    cacahuètes épelées et du bœuf sauce soja.\

### Vocabulaire

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                                 Pinyin                                     Type\         Traduction
                                                                                   grammatical   
  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ ------------- ----------------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">位</span>         <span class="pinyin">wèi</span>            (spé)         (personne)

  <span class="hanzi">菜单</span>       <span class="pinyin">càidān</span>         (n)           menu

  <span class="hanzi">先</span>         <span class="pinyin">xiān</span>           (adv)         d'abord

  <span class="hanzi">一下</span>       <span class="pinyin">yíxià</span>          (n)           une fois

  <span class="hanzi">拌黄瓜</span>     <span class="pinyin">bànhuángguā</span>    (n)           salade de concombre

  <span class="hanzi">盘</span>         <span class="pinyin">pán</span>            (n)           plat

  <span class="hanzi">花生米</span>     <span class="pinyin">huāshēngmǐ</span>     (n)           cacahuètes

  <span class="hanzi">酱牛肉</span>     <span class="pinyin">jiàngniúròu</span>    (n)           bœuf sauce soja

  <span class="hanzi">支</span>         <span class="pinyin">zhī</span>            (spé)         (animaux)

  <span class="hanzi">鱼香肉丝</span>   <span class="pinyin">yúxiāngròusī</span>   (n)           émincé de porc "senteur poisson"
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Au Restaurant {#lesson16.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_189}
------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/16-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">热菜呢？ 要什么热菜？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Rècài ne ? Yào shénme rècài?</span>\
    - Et comme plats chauds ? Que voulez-vous comme plats chauds?
-   - <span class="hanzi">来半支烤鸭，一个鱼香肉丝。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Lái bàn zhī kǎoyā, yí
    gè yúxiāngròusī.</span>\
    - Nous prendrons un demi canard laqué et du porc émincé
    "saveur poisson".
-   - <span class="hanzi">要什么汤？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yào shénme tāng?</span>\
    - Et quelle soupe voulez-vous?
-   - <span class="hanzi">一个西红柿鸡蛋汤，一碗米饭。
    拿３个杯子。他不会用筷子，您给拿个勺子和一副刀子，叉子。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yí gè xīhóngshì jīdàn tāng, yì wǎn mǐfàn. Ná
    sān gè bēizi. Tā bú huì yòng kuàizi, nín gěi ná gè sháozi hé yí fù
    dāozi, chāzi.</span>\
    - Une soupe œuf tomate, et un bol de riz. Amenez 3 verres. Il ne
    sait pas se servir de baguettes, s'il vous plait apportez lui une
    cuillère et une paire de couteau fourchette.
-   - <span class="hanzi">还要什么吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Hái yào shénme ma?</span>\
    - Désirez-vous encore quelque-chose?
-   - 不<span class="hanzi">要了。 ... ... 小姐，结账。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Bú yào le. ... ... Xiǎojiě, jiézhàng.</span>\
    - Non... Mademoiselle, l'addition s'il vous plait.\

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                           grammatical   
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- -------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">汤</span>     <span class="pinyin">tāng</span>       (n)           soupe

  <span class="hanzi">碗</span>     <span class="pinyin">wǎn</span>        (n)           bol

  <span class="hanzi">拿</span>     <span class="pinyin">ná</span>         (v)           prendre

  <span class="hanzi">杯子</span>   <span class="pinyin">bēizi</span>      (n)           verre

  <span class="hanzi">会</span>     <span class="pinyin">huì</span>        (v)           savoir, être capable de

  <span class="hanzi">用</span>     <span class="pinyin">yòng</span>       (v)           utiliser

  <span class="hanzi">筷子</span>   <span class="pinyin">kuàizi</span>     (n)           baguettes

  <span class="hanzi">给</span>     <span class="pinyin">gěi</span>        (v)           donner

  <span class="hanzi">勺子</span>   <span class="pinyin">sháozi</span>     (n)           cuillère

  <span class="hanzi">副</span>     <span class="pinyin">fù</span>         (spé)         (une paire de)

  <span class="hanzi">刀子</span>   <span class="pinyin">dāozi</span>      (n)           couteau

  <span class="hanzi">叉子</span>   <span class="pinyin">chāzi</span>      (n)           fourchette

  <span class="hanzi">了</span>     <span class="pinyin">le</span>         (part)        (particule modale)

  <span class="hanzi">结账</span>   <span class="pinyin">jiézhàng</span>   (n)           l'addition
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson16.xhtml#grammaire}
---------

### La particule modale <span class="hanzist">了</span> {#lesson16.xhtml#la-particule-modale-了}

Lorsque la particule modale <span class="hanzi">了</span> est ajoutée en
fin de phrase, cela indique un changement de situation.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">我不要 了。</span>
-   - <span class="hanzi">我不去上海 了。</span>
-   - <span class="hanzi">我是老师 了。</span>\

</div>

### Les verbes auxiliaires <span class="hanzist">会, 想, 要, 应, 该</span> {#lesson16.xhtml#les-verbes-auxiliaires-会-想-要-应-该}

Les verbes auxiliaires comme 会, 想, 要, 应 et 该 sont le plus souvent
utilisés devant d'autres verbes pour exprimer la capacité, la
possibilité, l'intention, ou le devoir.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">我 会 用筷子。</span>\
    Je sais utiliser des baguettes.
-   - <span class="hanzi">我喜欢 吃中餐。</span>\
    J'aime manger la cuisine chinoise.
-   - <span class="hanzi">我想 去北京。</span>\
    J'aimerais aller à Pékin.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你应该 买一张地图。</span>\
    Tu devrais acheter un plan.\

</div>

Exercices de subsitution {#lesson16.xhtml#exercices-de-subsitution}
------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson16.xhtml#exercice-1}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你们二位吃点儿什么？</span>                                                               - <span class="pinyin">Nǐmen èr wèi chī diǎnr shénme?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">来一<span class="encadrerouge">只</span><span class="encadrerouge">烤鸭</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Lái yì <span class="encadrerouge">zhī</span> <span class="encadrerouge">kǎoyā</span>.</span>
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Spécificatif                                                         Noun                                                                         
  --------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------
  <span class="hanzi">个</span>     <span class="pinyin">gè</span>     <span class="hanzi">凉菜</span>     <span class="pinyin">liángcài</span>     plat froid
  <span class="hanzi">个</span>     <span class="pinyin">gè</span>     <span class="hanzi">下酒菜</span>   <span class="pinyin">xiàjiǔcài</span>    plat froid
  <span class="hanzi">盘儿</span>   <span class="pinyin">pánr</span>   <span class="hanzi">花生米</span>   <span class="pinyin">huāshēngmǐ</span>   cacahuètes
  <span class="hanzi">碗</span>     <span class="pinyin">wǎn</span>    <span class="hanzi">米饭</span>     <span class="pinyin">mǐfàn</span>        riz
  <span class="hanzi">杯</span>     <span class="pinyin">bēi</span>    <span class="hanzi">啤酒</span>     <span class="pinyin">píjiǔ</span>        bière

### Exercice 2 {#lesson16.xhtml#exercice-2}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --
  - <span class="hanzi">有<span class="encadrerouge">菜单</span>吗？</span>       - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu <span class="encadrerouge">càidān</span> ma?</span>         
  - <span class="hanzi">有，这是<span class="encadrerouge">菜单</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu，zhè shì <span class="encadrerouge">càidān</span>.</span>   
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --

  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- --------------
  <span class="hanzi">包子</span>   <span class="pinyin">bāozi</span>      pain vapeur
  <span class="hanzi">面条</span>   <span class="pinyin">miàntiáo</span>   nouilles
  <span class="hanzi">饺子</span>   <span class="pinyin">jiǎozi</span>     ravioli
  <span class="hanzi">烤鸭</span>   <span class="pinyin">kǎoyā</span>      canard laqué
  <span class="hanzi">鱼</span>     <span class="pinyin">yú</span>         poisson
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- --------------

### Exercice 3 {#lesson16.xhtml#exercice-3}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --
  - <span class="hanzi">还要什么吗？</span>                                                                                                         - <span class="pinyin">Hái yào shénme ma?</span>                                                                                                          
  - <span class="hanzi">拿<span class="encadrerouge">三</span><span class="encadrerouge">个</span><span class="encadrerouge">凉菜</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Ná <span class="encadrerouge">sān</span> <span class="encadrerouge">gè</span> <span class="encadrerouge">liángcài</span>.</span>   
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --

  Quantitatif                     Spécificatif                        Nom                                                                                                                                             
  ------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- -----------
  <span class="hanzi">两</span>   <span class="pinyin">liǎng</span>   <span class="hanzi">个</span>   <span class="pinyin">gè</span>      <span class="hanzi">面包</span>     <span class="pinyin">miànbāo</span>     pain
  1                               <span class="pinyin">yì</span>      <span class="hanzi">把</span>   <span class="pinyin">bǎ</span>      <span class="hanzi">刀子</span>     <span class="pinyin">dāozi</span>       couteau
  3                               <span class="pinyin">sǎn</span>     <span class="hanzi">副</span>   <span class="pinyin">fù</span>      <span class="hanzi">筷子</span>     <span class="pinyin">kuàizi</span>      baguettes
  1                               <span class="pinyin">yì</span>      <span class="hanzi">张</span>   <span class="pinyin">zhāng</span>   <span class="hanzi">餐巾纸</span>   <span class="pinyin">cānjīnzhǐ</span>   serviette
  5                               <span class="pinyin">wǔ</span>      <span class="hanzi">瓶</span>   <span class="pinyin">píng</span>    <span class="hanzi">红酒</span>     <span class="pinyin">hóngjiǔ</span>     vin

<span id="lesson17.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 17 - Habitudes Alimentaires
=================================

<div class="resume">

Réviser comment lire un menu chinois au restaurant et à commander vos
plats en chinois. Grammaire: les phrases pivots, exemples et exercices.
Vocabulaire: Avez-vous le menu? Désirez-vous autre chose? L'addition
s'il vous plaît.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_190}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation : Au restaurant du Sichuan (Partie I)
-   Conversation : Au restaurant du Sichuan (Partie II)
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de subsitution

</div>

Conversation : Au restaurant du Sichuan (Partie I) {#lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_191}
--------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/17-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - 这是一家四川饭馆儿吧？\
    - Zhè shì yì jiā Sìchuān fànguǎnr ba?\
    - C'est un restaurant de cuisine du Sichuan !
-   - 听说你爱吃辣的，所以今天请你吃川菜。你爱吃甜的吗？\
    - Tīngshuō nǐ ài chī là de, suǒyǐ jīntiān qǐng nǐ chī Chuāncài. Nǐ
    ài chī tián de ma?\
    - j'ai entendu dire que tu aimais manger épicé, donc je t'invite à
    manger de la cuisine du Sichuan. Aimes-tu manger sucré?
-   - 不，爱吃咸的。我是北方人。\
    - Bù, ài chī xián de. Wǒ shì Běifāngrén.\
    - Non, j'aime manger salé. Je viens du Nord.
-   - 也就是说，南方人甜的。\
    - Yě jiù shì shuō, Nánfāngrén ài tián de.\
    - Est-ce dire que les gens du Sud aiment manger sucré?
-   - 一般来说，他们爱吃清淡的。\
    - Yìbān lái shuō， tāmen ài chī qīngdàn de.\
    - En général ils aiment manger doux.\

### Vocabulaire

  ------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi      Pinyin         Type\         Traduction
                            grammatical   
  ---------- -------------- ------------- --------------------
  家         jiā            (spé)         (un établissement)

  吧         ba             (part)        (particule modale)

  听说       tīngshuō       (v)           avoir entendu dire

  爱         ài             (v)           aimer

  辣         là             (adj)         épicé

  所以       suǒyǐ          (conj)        ainsi, donc

  请         qǐng           (v)           inviter

  川菜       Chuāncài       (n)           cuisine du Sichuan

  甜         tián           (adj)         doux, sucré

  咸         xián           (adj)         salé

  也就是说   yějiùshìshuō                 Est-ce dire

  一般来说   yìbānláishuō                 en général

  清淡       qīngdàn        (adj)         léger, doux
  ------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation : Au restaurant du Sichuan (Partie II) {#lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_192}
---------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/17-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - 我 点了几 个名菜，你 尝尝。\
    - Wǒ diǎn le jǐ ge míngcài, nǐ chángchang.\
    - J'ai commandé plusieurs plats célèbres, goûte !
-   - 不错。来，为我们的 友谊干杯。\
    - Búcuò. Lái, wèi wǒmen de yǒuyì gānbēi.\
    - Pas mauvais ! Allons, buvons à notre amitié.
-   - 干杯。慢慢吃。这个菜 辣不辣？\
    - Gānbēi. Mànmān chī. Zhè gè cài là bú là ?\
    - Santé! Bon appétit ! Ce plat est-il épicé?
-   - 够辣的。那个菜有点儿淡。\
    - Gòu là de. Nà gè cài yǒu diǎnr dàn.。\
    - Assez épicé. Ce plat là est un peu fade.
-   - 小姐，有盐吗？ 拿点儿盐来。用信用卡结账可以吗？\
    - Xiǎojiě, yǒu yán ma ? Ná diǎnr yán lái. Yòng xínyòngkǎ jiézhàng
    kěyǐ ma ?\
    - Mademoiselle, avez-vous du sel? Apportez moi un peu de sel.
    Peut-on régler avec la carte de crédit?
-   - 不行。我们这儿只收现金。\
    - Bù xíng. Wǒmen zhèr zhǐ shōu xiànjīn.\
    - Non, nous n'acceptons que le liquide.\

### Vocabulaire {#lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_193}

  -------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi     Pinyin        Type\         Traduction
                          grammatical   
  --------- ------------- ------------- -----------------------
  点        diǎn          (v)           commander (plats)

  名菜      míngcài       (n)           plat célèbre

  尝        cháng         (v)           goûter

  为        wèi           (prep)        pour

  友谊      yǒuyì         (n)           amitié

  干杯      gānbēi        (v)           trinquer

                          (loc)         Santé ! Tchin tchin !

  慢        màn           (adj)         lent

  慢慢吃    màn màn chī   (loc)         bon appétit

  够...的   gòu...de      (adv)         assez

  淡        dàn           (adj)         léger

  盐        yán           (n)           sel

  拿        ná            (v)           prendre

  信用卡    xìnyòngkǎ     (n)           carte de crédit

  结账      jiézhàng      (v)           régler (l'addition)

  可以      kěyǐ          (v)           pouvoir

  只        zhǐ           (adv)         seulement

  收        shōu          (v)           accepter

  现金      xiànjīn       (adj)         (argent) liquide
  -------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_194}
---------

### Phrase pivot {#lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_195}

Une phrase pivot est formée de deux phrases-noyaus (ou constructions
verbales), dont le complément du premier verbe est aussi le sujet du
second verbe.

Exemple: le verbe 请 (qǐng) peut être utilisé comme premier verbe d'une
phrase pivot.

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  phrase noyau 1          phrase noyau 2                   phrase pivot
  ----------------------- -------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
  我请你\                 你吃饭\                          我 请 你 吃饭\
  ( Je t'invite )         ( tu manges )                    ( Je t'invite à manger )

  他请我\                 我看电影\                        他 请 我 看 电影\
  ( Il m'invite )         ( je vois un film )              ( Il m'invite à voir un film )

  我请朋友\               朋友来我家\                      我请朋友来我家\
  ( j'invite des amis )   ( des amis viennent chez moi )   ( J'invite des amis à venir chez moi )
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### La particule structurelle 的 {#lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_196}

On utilise la particule 的 après un adjectif. Exemples: - 辣 的 ( épicé
) - 甜 的 ( doux ) - 大 的 ( gros )

Exercices de subsitution {#lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_197}
------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_198}

  ---------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  - 今天你请我吃什么？                                 - Jīntiān nǐ qǐng wǒ chī shénme?
  - 我请你吃<span class="encadrerouge">川菜</span> .   - Wǒ qǐng nǐ chī <span class="encadrerouge">Chuāncài</span>.
  ---------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

\

  -------- ---------- ---------------------
  粤菜     Yuècài     cuisine cantonaise
  法国菜   Fàguócài   cuisine française
  西餐     xīcān      cuisine occidentale
  -------- ---------- ---------------------

### Exercice 2 {#lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_199}

\

  ---------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  - 你爱吃<span class="encadrerouge">甜</span>的吗？         - Nǐ ài chī <span class="encadrerouge">tián</span> de ma?
  - 我 （不） 爱吃<span class="encadrerouge">甜</span>的。   - Wǒ ( bú ) ài chī <span class="encadrerouge">tián</span> de
  ---------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

  ---- ------ -------
  咸   xián   salé
  辣   là     épicé
  酸   suān   aigre
  甜   tián   sucré
  ---- ------ -------

### Exercice 3 {#lesson17.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_200}

\

  -------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
  - 为<span class="encadrerouge">我们的友谊</span>干杯！   - Wèi <span class="encadrerouge">wǒmen de yǒuyì </span>gānbēi!
  - 干杯！                                                 - Gānbēi!
  -------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------

  ---------- ---------------- ----------
  你的健康   nǐ de jiànkāng   ta santé
  ---------- ---------------- ----------

<span id="lesson18.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 18 - Famille - Profession
===============================

<div class="resume">

Apprenez à recevoir un invité, à vous présenter en chinois. Grammaire,
exemples et exercices. Vocabulaire: Qui est-ce? Combien êtes-vous dans
votre famille? Que faîtes-vous dans la vie? Où travaillez-vous?

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_201}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Qui est-ce?
-   Conversation 2 : Combien êtes-vous dans votre famille?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de subsitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Qui est-ce? {#lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_202}
----------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/18-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">谁呀？ 等一会儿。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Shéi ya? Děng yíhuìr.</span>\
    - Qui ( est-ce ) ? Attendez un instant !
-   - <span class="hanzi">是 我，小王。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Shì wǒ, Xiǎo Wáng.</span>
-   - <span class="hanzi">请进。请坐。请喝茶。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Qǐng jìn. Qǐng zuò. Qǐng hē chá.</span>\
    - Entre s'il te plaît, assieds-toi, prends du thé.
-   - <span class="hanzi">谢谢！你爱人在家吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xièxie ! Nǐ àirén zài jiā ma? </span>\
    - Merci! Ton épouse est-elle à la maison?
-   - <span class="hanzi">在。我介绍一下,这是我爱人。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zài. Wǒ jièshào yíxià, zhè shì
    wǒ àirén.</span>\
    - Oui, je te la présente. C'est mon épouse.\

### Vocabulaire

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                Type\         Traduction
                                                                            grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------- -----------------
  <span class="hanzi">呀</span>       <span class="pinyin">ya</span>        (part)        (étonnement)

  <span class="hanzi">等</span>       <span class="pinyin">děng</span>      (v)           attendre

  <span class="hanzi">一会儿</span>   <span class="pinyin">yíhuìr</span>    (n)           un instant

  <span class="hanzi">小</span>       <span class="pinyin">xiǎo</span>      (adj)         petit, jeune

  <span class="hanzi">请</span>       <span class="pinyin">qǐng</span>      (v)           s'il vous plaît

  <span class="hanzi">进</span>       <span class="pinyin">jìn</span>       (v)           entrer

  <span class="hanzi">坐</span>       <span class="pinyin">zuò</span>       (v)           s'asseoir

  <span class="hanzi">爱人</span>     <span class="pinyin">àirén</span>     (n)           épous, -e

  <span class="hanzi">在</span>       <span class="pinyin">zài</span>       (v)           être (lieu)

  <span class="hanzi">家</span>       <span class="pinyin">jiā</span>       (n)           maison, famille

  <span class="hanzi">介绍</span>     <span class="pinyin">jièshào</span>   (n)           présenter

  <span class="hanzi">一下</span>     <span class="pinyin">yíxià</span>     (n)           une fois
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Combien êtes-vous dans votre famille? {#lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_203}
------------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/18-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你家有几口人？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ jiā yǒu jǐ kǒu rén?</span>\
    - Combien êtes vous dans votre famille? ( Votre famille, combien de
    personne ? )
-   - <span class="hanzi">５口人，还有我父母和一个孩子。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǔ kǒu rén, hái yǒu wǒ fùmǔ hé yí
    gè háizi.</span>\
    - 5 personnes, il y a aussi mes parents et un enfant.
-   - <span class="hanzi">听说你有一个姐姐是吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Tīngshuō nǐ yǒu yí gè jiějie shì ma?</span>\
    - J'ai entendu dire que vous aviez une sœur aînée, est-ce ainsi?
-   - <span class="hanzi">是啊。她在北京工作。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Shì a. Tā zài Běijīng gōngzuò.</span>\
    - Oui, elle travaille à Pékin.
-   - <span class="hanzi">她做什么工作？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Tā zuò shénme gōngzuò?</span>\
    - Que fait-elle ( comme travail ) ?
-   - <span class="hanzi">她是大夫。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Tā shì dàifu.</span>\
    - Elle est médecin.
-   - <span class="hanzi">她在哪个医院工作？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Tā zài nǎ gè yīyuàn gōngzuò?</span>\
    - Dans quel hôpital travaille-t-elle?
-   - <span class="hanzi">她在北京医院工作。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Tā zài Běijīng Yīyuàn gōngzuò.</span>\
    - Elle travaille à l'hôpital de Pékin.\

### Vocabulaire

<table class="table1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>
Hanzi

</th>
<th>
Pinyin

</th>
<th>
Type\
grammatical

</th>
<th>
Traduction

</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">口</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kǒu</span>

</td>
<td>
(spé)

</td>
<td>
(membre d'une famille)

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">父母</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fùmǔ</span>

</td>
<td>
(n)

</td>
<td>
parents

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">听说</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tīngshuō</span>

</td>
<td>
(v)

</td>
<td>
avoir entendu dire

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">啊</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">a</span>

</td>
<td>
(part)

</td>
<td>
ah! oh!

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">工作</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">gōngzuò</span>

</td>
<td>
(v)

</td>
<td>
travailler

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
(n)

</td>
<td>
emploi

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">大夫</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dàifu</span>

</td>
<td>
(n)

</td>
<td>
médecin

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">医院</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yīyuàn</span>

</td>
<td>
(n)

</td>
<td>
hôpital

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Grammaire {#lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_204}
---------

### La préposition <span class="hanzist">在</span> {#lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_205}

Pour indiquer le lieu où se produit l'action, on utilise la préposition
<span class="hanzi">在</span> devant le nom du lieu. L'ensemble <span
class="hanzi">在</span> + lieu, tel un adberbe se place avant le verbe.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">我 在 医院 工作</span>\
    Je travaille à l'hôpital
-   - <span class="hanzi">我 在 大学 上班</span>\
    Je travaille à l'université\

</div>

### Le spécificatif verbal <span class="hanzist">下</span> {#lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_206}

<span class="hanzi">下</span> est un spécificatif verbal. <span
class="hanzi">一下</span> se place après le verbe pour montrer qu'une
action dure peu de temps.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">我 介绍 一下</span>\
    Je te présente vite-fait
-   - <span class="hanzi">你 看 一下</span>\
    Regarde un coup\

</div>

### Structure de phrase {#lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_207}

Quand un nom est utilisé pour modifier un autre nom, il n'est pas
nécessaire d'utiliser la particule <span class="hanzi">的</span>.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">北京 医院</span>\
    L'hôpital de Pékin ( et non <span class="hanzi">~~北京 的
    医院~~</span> )
-   - <span class="hanzi">大学 老师</span>\
    professeur d'université
-   - <span class="hanzi">公司 职员</span>\
    employé d'entreprise\

</div>

Exercices de subsitution {#lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_208}
------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_209}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你<span class="encadrerouge">爱人</span>在家吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ <span class="encadrerouge">àirén</span> zài jiā ma?</span>
  - （<span class="hanzi">不）在。</span>                                         - <span class="pinyin">( Bú ) zài.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------ -------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">爷爷</span>   <span class="pinyin">yéye</span>     grand-père (paternel)
  <span class="hanzi">奶奶</span>   <span class="pinyin">nǎinǎi</span>   grand-mère (paternelle)
  <span class="hanzi">祖父</span>   <span class="pinyin">zǔfù</span>     grand-père
  <span class="hanzi">祖母</span>   <span class="pinyin">zǔmǔ</span>     grand-mère
  <span class="hanzi">父亲</span>   <span class="pinyin">fùqin</span>    père
  <span class="hanzi">母亲</span>   <span class="pinyin">mǔqin</span>    mère
  <span class="hanzi">孩子</span>   <span class="pinyin">háizi</span>    enfant(s)
  <span class="hanzi">儿子</span>   <span class="pinyin">érzi</span>     fils
  <span class="hanzi">女儿</span>   <span class="pinyin">nǚ'ér</span>    fille
  <span class="hanzi">爸爸</span>   <span class="pinyin">bàba</span>     papa
  <span class="hanzi">妈妈</span>   <span class="pinyin">māma</span>     maman
  <span class="hanzi">哥哥</span>   <span class="pinyin">gēge</span>     frère aîné
  <span class="hanzi">弟弟</span>   <span class="pinyin">dìdi</span>     frère cadet
  <span class="hanzi">姐姐</span>   <span class="pinyin">jiějie</span>   sœur aînée
  <span class="hanzi">妹妹</span>   <span class="pinyin">mèimei</span>   sœur cadette
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------ -------------------------

### Exercice 2 {#lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_210}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">你</span>家有几口人？</span>   - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Nǐ</span> jiā yǒu jǐ kǒu rén?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">五</span>口人。</span>         - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Wǔ</span> kǒu rén.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Sub. 1

</td>
<td>
Sub. 2

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">他</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tā</span>

</td>
<td>
il

</td>
<td>
３

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">你朋友</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">nǐpéngyou</span>

</td>
<td>
ton ami

</td>
<td>
４

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">张老师</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Zhānglǎoshī</span>

</td>
<td>
Professeur Zhang

</td>
<td>
５

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">我的同学</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">wǒdetóngxué</span>

</td>
<td>
mon camarade de classe

</td>
<td>
６

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">王小姐</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Wángxiǎojiě</span>

</td>
<td>
Mademoiselle Wang

</td>
<td>
７

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 3 {#lesson18.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_211}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">她做什么工作？</span>                                 - <span class="pinyin">Tā zuò shénme gōngzuò?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">她是<span class="encadrerouge">大夫</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Tā shì <span class="encadrerouge">dàifu</span>.</span>
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- -----------------
  <span class="hanzi">工程师</span>     <span class="pinyin">gōngchéngshī</span>    ingénieur
  <span class="hanzi">职员</span>       <span class="pinyin">zhíyuán</span>         employé
  <span class="hanzi">经理</span>       <span class="pinyin">jīnglǐ</span>          directeur
  <span class="hanzi">商人</span>       <span class="pinyin">shāngrén</span>        homme d'affaire
  <span class="hanzi">公司职员</span>   <span class="pinyin">gōngsīzhíyuán</span>   cadre
  <span class="hanzi">公务员</span>     <span class="pinyin">gōngwùyuán</span>      fonctionnaire
  <span class="hanzi">售货员</span>     <span class="pinyin">shòuhuòyuán</span>     commercial
  <span class="hanzi">律师</span>       <span class="pinyin">lǜshī</span>           avocat
  <span class="hanzi">司机</span>       <span class="pinyin">sījī</span>            conducteur
  <span class="hanzi">工人</span>       <span class="pinyin">gōngrén</span>         ouvrier
  <span class="hanzi">农民</span>       <span class="pinyin">nóngmín</span>         paysan
  <span class="hanzi">服务员</span>     <span class="pinyin">fúwùyuán</span>        serveur
  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- -----------------

<span id="lesson19.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 19 - Apprendre une langue étrangère
=========================================

<div class="resume">

Dialogue à l'université. Grammaire : complément d'objet direct et
indirect. Exemples et exercices. Vocabulaire: Es-tu étudiant? Parles-tu
chinois?

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_212}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Es-tu étudiant?
-   Conversation 2 : Do you speak English?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices: Subsitution Drill

</div>

Conversation 1 : Es-tu étudiant? {#lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_213}
--------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/19-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你是学生吧？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ shì xuésheng ba ?</span>\
    - Es-tu étudiant?
-   - <span class="hanzi">是的，我是大学生。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Shì de, wǒ shì dàxuéshēng.</span>\
    - Oui je suis un étudiant d'université.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你是哪个大学的学生？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ shì nǎ gè dàxué de xuésheng?</span>\
    - De quelle université? ( Tu es un étudiant de quelle université? )
-   - <span class="hanzi">我是北京大学的学生。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ shì Běijīng Dàxué de xuésheng.</span>\
    - Je suis un étudiant de l'université de Pékin.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你学习什么专业？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ xuéxí shénme zhuānyè?</span>\
    - Tu étudies quelle spécialité?
-   - <span class="hanzi">学习汉语。是李老师教我们。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xuéxí Hànyǔ. Shì Lǐ lǎoshī
    jiāo wǒmen.</span>\
    - J'étudie le chinois. Le Professeur Li nous l'enseigne.\

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                   Type\         Traduction
                                                                               grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">吧</span>       <span class="pinyin">ba</span>           (part)        (exclamation)

  <span class="hanzi">是的</span>     <span class="pinyin">shìde</span>        (expr)        oui, c'est ainsi

  <span class="hanzi">大学</span>     <span class="pinyin">dàxué</span>        (n)           université

  <span class="hanzi">学生</span>     <span class="pinyin">xuésheng</span>     (n)           étudiant

  <span class="hanzi">大学生</span>   <span class="pinyin">dàxuéshēng</span>   (n)           étudiant d'université

  <span class="hanzi">学习</span>     <span class="pinyin">xuéxí</span>        (v)           étudier

  <span class="hanzi">专业</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhuānyè</span>      (n)           spécialité, branche

  <span class="hanzi">汉语</span>     <span class="pinyin">Hànyǔ</span>        (n)           langue chinoise, mandarin

  <span class="hanzi">教</span>       <span class="pinyin">jiāo</span>         (v)           enseigner
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Parles-tu français? {#lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_214}
------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/19-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你们学习外语吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐmen xuéxí wàiyǔ ma?</span>\
    - Apprenez-vous une langue étrangère?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我学法语。你会说法语吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ xué Fǎyǔ. Nǐ huì shuō Fǎyǔ ma?</span>\
    - J'apprends le français. Sais-tu parler français?
-   - <span class="hanzi">会说一点儿。你口语怎么样？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Huì shuō yìdiǎnr. Nǐ kǒuyǔ zěnmeyàng?</span>\
    - Un petit peu. Comment est ton français oral?
-   - <span class="hanzi">不好。 你法语说得怎么样？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Bù hǎo. Nǐ Fǎyǔ shuō de zěnmeyàng?</span>\
    - Pas bon. Comment est ton français?
-   - <span class="hanzi">还可以。老师教得比较好。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Hái kěyǐ. Lǎoshī jiāo de bǐjiào hǎo.</span>\
    - Pas si mal. Notre professeur enseigne plutôt bien.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你觉得法语难学吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nì juéde Fǎyǔ nánxué ma?</span>\
    - Penses-tu que le français soit difficile à apprendre.
-   - <span class="hanzi">不太难， 但是要多听，多说。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Bú tài nán, dànshì yào duō tīng，
    duō shuō.</span>\
    - Pas si difficile, mais il faut beaucoup écouter, beaucoup parler.\

### Vocabulaire

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                              grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- --------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">外语</span>     <span class="pinyin">wàiyǔ</span>       (n)           langue étrangère

  <span class="hanzi">说</span>       <span class="pinyin">shuō</span>        (v)           parler, dire

  <span class="hanzi">法语</span>     <span class="pinyin">Fǎyǔ</span>        (n)           la langue française

  <span class="hanzi">一点儿</span>   <span class="pinyin">yìdiǎnr</span>     (m)           un peu

  <span class="hanzi">口语</span>     <span class="pinyin">kǒuyǔ</span>       (n)           l'oral, langue parlée

  <span class="hanzi">怎么样</span>   <span class="pinyin">zěnmeyàng</span>   (pro)         comment

  <span class="hanzi">好</span>       <span class="pinyin">hǎo</span>         (adj)         bien, bon

  <span class="hanzi">得</span>       <span class="pinyin">de</span>          (part)        (particule structurelle)

  <span class="hanzi">还可以</span>   <span class="pinyin">háikěyǐ</span>                   passable

  <span class="hanzi">比较</span>     <span class="pinyin">bǐjiào</span>      (adv)         relativement, plutôt

  <span class="hanzi">难</span>       <span class="pinyin">nán</span>         (adj)         difficile

  <span class="hanzi">难学</span>     <span class="pinyin">nánxué</span>      (adj)         difficile à apprendre

  <span class="hanzi">太</span>       <span class="pinyin">tài</span>         (adv)         trop

  <span class="hanzi">但是</span>     <span class="pinyin">dànshì</span>      (conj)        mais, cependant

  <span class="hanzi">要</span>       <span class="pinyin">yào</span>         (v)           vouloir, devoir

  <span class="hanzi">多</span>       <span class="pinyin">duō</span>         (adj)         beaucoup

  <span class="hanzi">听</span>       <span class="pinyin">tīng</span>        (v)           écouter, entendre
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_216}
---------

### La particule <span class="hanzist">得</span> {#lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_217}

Un complément de degré simple est la plupart du temps composé d'un
adjectif relié au verbe par la particule <span class="hanzi">得</span>.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">他 英语 说 得 很好。</span> ( Il parle très
    bien anglais.)

</div>

La forme négative s'obtient en ajoutant <span class="hanzi">不</span>
devant le complément.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">你 汉语 说 得 怎么样？</span>\
    - Comment parles-tu chinois?
-   - <span class="hanzi">他 汉语 说 得 不好。</span>\
    - Il ne parle pas bien chinois.
-   - <span class="hanzi">她 汉语 教 得 很好。</span>\
    - Elle enseigne très bien le chinois\

</div>

### Complément d'objet direct et indirect {#lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_218}

Le verbe <span class="hanzi">教</span> (<span
class="pinyin">jiāo</span>), enseigner, peut avoir deux compléments
d'objet. Le premier, souvent un nom ou un pronom, est appelé complément
d'objet indirect, c'est celui qui reçoit l'enseignement. Le second,
également un nom ou un pronom, est appelé complément d'objet direct,
c'est ce qui est enseigné.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">王老师 教 我们 口语。</span>\
    - Le Professeur Wang nous enseigne l'oral .
-   - <span class="hanzi">张老师 教 他们 语法。</span>\
    - Le Professeur Zhang leur enseigne la grammaire.\

</div>

### La particule modale <span class="hanzist">吧</span> {#lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_219}

La particule <span class="hanzi">吧</span> (<span
class="pinyin">ba</span>) est utilisée pour exprimer l'interrogation ou
la supposition.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">你是学生吧？</span>\
    - Tu es étudiant ?
-   - <span class="hanzi">她会说汉语吧？</span>\
    - Elle doit savoir parler chinois non?
-   - <span class="hanzi">你去北京吧？</span>\
    - Tu vas bien à Pékin?)\

</div>

Exercices de subsitution {#lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_220}
------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_221}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --
  - <span class="hanzi">你是<span class="encadrerouge">学生</span>吧？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ shì <span class="encadrerouge">xuésheng</span> ba?</span>   
  - <span class="hanzi">是的。</span>                                           - <span class="pinyin">Shì de.</span>                                                 
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --

\

  ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- -----------------------
  <span class="hanzi">大学生</span>   <span class="pinyin">dàxuéshēng</span>      étudiant d'université
  <span class="hanzi">中学生</span>   <span class="pinyin">zhōngxuéshēng</span>   collégien, lycéen
  <span class="hanzi">小学生</span>   <span class="pinyin">xiǎoxuéshēng</span>    écolier
  <span class="hanzi">外国人</span>   <span class="pinyin">wàiguórén</span>       étranger
  <span class="hanzi">老师</span>     <span class="pinyin">lǎoshī</span>          professeur
  ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- -----------------------

### Exercice 2 {#lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_222}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --
  - <span class="hanzi">你是哪个<span class="encadrerouge">大学</span>的<span class="encadrerouge">学生</span>？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ shì nǎ gè <span class="encadrerouge">dàxué</span> de <span class="encadrerouge">xuésheng</span>?</span>   
  - <span class="hanzi">我是北京大学的学生。</span>                                                                       - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ shì Běijīng Dàxué de xuésheng.</span>                                                                     
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Sub. 1

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Sub. 2

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">大学</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dàxué</span>

</td>
<td>
université

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">老师</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">lǎoshī</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">公司</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">gōngsī</span>

</td>
<td>
entreprise

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">职员</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zhíyuán</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">医院</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yīyuàn</span>

</td>
<td>
hôpital

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">大夫</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dàifu</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">学校</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">xuéxiào</span>

</td>
<td>
école

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">学生</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">xuésheng</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">工厂</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">gōngchǎng</span>

</td>
<td>
usine

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">工人</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">gōngrén</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">银行</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yínháng</span>

</td>
<td>
banque

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">职员</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zhíyuán</span>

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 3 {#lesson19.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_223}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  <span class="pinyin">Nǐ Yīngyǔ <span class="encadrerouge">shuō</span> de zěnmeyàng ?</span>                                   <span class="hanzi">你英语<span class="encadrerouge">说</span>得怎么样？</span>
  <span class="pinyin">Wǒ Yīngyǔ <span class="encadrerouge">shuō</span> de <span class="encadrerouge">hái kěyǐ.</span></span>   <span class="hanzi">我英语<span class="encadrerouge">说</span>得<span class="encadrerouge">还可以。</span></span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Verb

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Adj.

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">教</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">jiāo</span>

</td>
<td>
enseigne

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">很好</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">hénhǎo</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">说</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">shuō</span>

</td>
<td>
parler

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">不错</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">búcuò</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">写</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">xiě</span>

</td>
<td>
écrire

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">还可以</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">háikěyǐ</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">读</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dú</span>

</td>
<td>
lire

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">非常好</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fēichánghǎo</span>

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<span id="lesson20.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 20 - Adresse, Téléphone
=============================

<div class="resume">

Apprenez à demander l'adresse et le numéro de téléphone de quelqu'un.
Grammaire : constructions nominale et prépositionnelle, exemples et
exercices. Vocabulaire : Où habites-tu? Quel est ton numéro de
téléphone?

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_224}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Où habites-tu?
-   Conversation 2 : Quel est ton numéro de téléphone?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de subsitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Où habites-tu? {#lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_225}
-------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/20-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你住哪儿？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zhù nǎr?</span>\
    - Où habites-tu?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我住学院路１５号，是海淀区。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ zhù Xuéyuàn lù shíwǔ １５ hào,
    shì Hǎidiànqū.</span>\
    - J'habite 15 rue Xueyuan, dans le quartier Haidian.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你住的是楼房还是平房？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zhǔ de shì lóufáng háishì
    píngfáng?</span>\
    - Tu habites dans un immeuble ou dans une maison?
-   - <span class="hanzi">是楼房。我住８号楼。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Shì lóufáng. Wǒ zhù bā hào lóu.</span>\
    - Dans un immeuble, bâtiment 8.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你住在几层？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zhù zài jǐ céng?</span>\
    - A quel étage habites-tu?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我住１３层。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ zhù shísān céng.</span>\
    - J'habite au 12 ème étage \*.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你住多少号房间？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zhù duōshao hào fángjiān?</span>\
    - Quel est le numéro de ta chambre? ( Tu habites la chambre à quel
    numéro ? )
-   - <span class="hanzi">２１４号房间。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">èr yī sì hào fángjiān.</span>\
    - Chambre 214.\

\* en chinois, le premier étage (niveau 1) est le rez-de-chaussée, le
deuxième étage (niveau 2) est alors notre premier et ainsi de suite d'où
un décalage à tous les niveaux. 13 <span class="hanzi">层</span> (niveau
13) correspond donc au 12 ème étage.

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                              grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- ----------------------
  <span class="hanzi">住</span>       <span class="pinyin">zhù</span>         (v)           habiter

  <span class="hanzi">路</span>       <span class="pinyin">lù</span>          (n)           rue

  <span class="hanzi">学院</span>     <span class="pinyin">xuéyuàn</span>     (n)           collège, institut

  <span class="hanzi">学院路</span>   <span class="pinyin">Xuéyuànlù</span>   (n)           ( rue Xueyuan )

  <span class="hanzi">区</span>       <span class="pinyin">qū</span>          (n)           quartier

  <span class="hanzi">海淀区</span>   <span class="pinyin">Hǎidiànqū</span>   (n)           ( quartier Haidian )

  <span class="hanzi">楼房</span>     <span class="pinyin">lóufáng</span>     (n)           immeuble

  <span class="hanzi">平房</span>     <span class="pinyin">píngfáng</span>    (n)           maison à un étage

  <span class="hanzi">楼</span>       <span class="pinyin">lóu</span>         (n)           immeuble, bâtiment

  <span class="hanzi">层</span>       <span class="pinyin">céng</span>        (n)           étage, niveau

  <span class="hanzi">号</span>       <span class="pinyin">hào</span>         (n)           numéro

  <span class="hanzi">房间</span>     <span class="pinyin">fángjiān</span>    (n)           chambre, pièce
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Quel est ton numéro de téléphone? {#lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_226}
--------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/20-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你能告诉我你家的电话吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ néng gàosu wǒ nǐ jiā de diànhuà
    ma?</span>\
    - Peux-tu me dire ton numéro de téléphone à domicile?
-   - <span class="hanzi">可以。这是我的名片和地址。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Kěyǐ. Zhè shì wǒ de míngpiàn
    hé dìzhǐ.</span>\
    - Oui ( "je" peux ). Voici ( c'est ) ma carte de visite avec
    mon adresse.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你家的电话是多少？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ jiā de diànhuà shì duōshao?</span>\
    - Quel est ton numéro de téléphone à domicile?
-   - <span class="hanzi">２３４１６８３６。 来以前给我打个电话。
    如果我不在家，你打我手机。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">23416836. Lái yǐqián gěi wǒ dà gè diànhuà.
    Rúguǒ wǒ bú zài jiā, dǎ wǒ shǒujī</span>\
    - 23416837? Avant de venir, passe moi un coup de fil. Si je ne suis
    pas à la maison, appelle mon téléphone portable.\

### Vocabulaire

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                              grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- ------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">能</span>       <span class="pinyin">néng</span>        (v)           pouvoir, être capable

  <span class="hanzi">告诉</span>     <span class="pinyin">gàosu</span>       (v)           dire, raconter

  <span class="hanzi">电话</span>     <span class="pinyin">diànhuà</span>     (n)           téléphone

  <span class="hanzi">可以</span>     <span class="pinyin">kěyǐ</span>        (v)           pouvoir, être possible

  <span class="hanzi">名片</span>     <span class="pinyin">míngpiàn</span>    (n)           carte de visite

  <span class="hanzi">地址</span>     <span class="pinyin">dìzhǐ</span>       (n)           adresse

  <span class="hanzi">以前</span>     <span class="pinyin">yǐqián</span>      (n)           avant, devant

  <span class="hanzi">给</span>       <span class="pinyin">gěi</span>         (v)           donner

  <span class="hanzi">打电话</span>   <span class="pinyin">dǎdiànhuà</span>   (v)           téléphoner

  <span class="hanzi">如果</span>     <span class="pinyin">rúguǒ</span>       (conj)        si

  <span class="hanzi">手机</span>     <span class="pinyin">shǒujī</span>      (n)           téléphone portable
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_227}
---------

### Sujet + Verbe + 的 {#lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_228}

Une construction de ce genre est appelée construction nominale.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">我 住 的 是 楼房。</span> J'habite dans un
    immeuble - Ce que j'habite est une maison.
-   - <span class="hanzi">她 学 的 是 汉语。</span> Elle apprend le
    mandarin - Ce qu'elle apprend est le mandarin.
-   - <span class="hanzi">他 去 的 是 北京。</span> Il va à Pékin - Là
    où il va est Pékin.\

</div>

### La construction prépositionnelle <span class="hanzist">给</span> {#lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_229}

La construction prépositionnelle <span class="hanzi">给</span>... et son
objet, est souvent utilisée comme adverbe devant le verbe.

Cela correspond souvent au "**à**" français, pour indiquer le
destinataire d'une action.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">我 给 我朋友 打 电话。</span>\
    Je téléphone à un ami.
-   - <span class="hanzi">我 给 姐姐 打 电话。</span>\
    Je téléphone à ma sœur ainée.\

</div>

Exercices de subsitution {#lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_230}
------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_231}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你住哪儿？</span>                                             - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zhù nǎr?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我住<span class="encadrerouge">学院路１５号</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ zhù <span class="encadrerouge">Xuéyuànlù 15 hào</span>.</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- -------------------
  <span class="hanzi">海淀区</span>   <span class="pinyin">Hǎidiànqū</span>     Haidian district
  <span class="hanzi">朝阳区</span>   <span class="pinyin">Cháoyángqū</span>    quartier Chaoyang
  <span class="hanzi">西城区</span>   <span class="pinyin">Xīchéngqū</span>     quartier Xicheng
  <span class="hanzi">上海路</span>   <span class="pinyin">Shànghǎi lù</span>   rue de Shanghai
  ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- -------------------

### Exercice 2 {#lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_232}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你<span class="encadrerouge">住</span>的是<span class="encadrerouge">楼房</span>吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ <span class="encadrerouge">zhù</span> de shì <span class="encadrerouge">lóufáng</span> ma?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我住的是楼房。</span>                                                                         - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ zhù de shì lóufáng.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Sub. 1

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Sub. 2

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">喝</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">hē</span>

</td>
<td>
boire

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">咖啡</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kāfēi</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">吃</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">chī</span>

</td>
<td>
manger

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">中餐</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zhōngcān</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">学</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">xué</span>

</td>
<td>
étudier

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">汉语</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Hànyǔ</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">去</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">qù</span>

</td>
<td>
aller

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">北京</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Běijīng</span>

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 3 {#lesson20.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_233}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你能告诉我<span class="encadrerouge">你的电话</span>吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ néng gàosu wǒ <span class="encadrerouge">nǐ de diànhuà</span> ma?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">可以。</span>                                                     - <span class="pinyin">Kěyǐ</span>.
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  --------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------ -----------------------
  <span class="hanzi">你的名字</span>     <span class="pinyin">nǐ de míngzi</span>         ton nom
  <span class="hanzi">你的房间号</span>   <span class="pinyin">nǐ de fángjiān hào</span>   ton numéro de chambre
  <span class="hanzi">你的姓名</span>     <span class="pinyin">nǐ de xìngmíng</span>       tes nom et prénom
  <span class="hanzi">你的专业</span>     <span class="pinyin">nǐ de zhuānyè</span>        ta spécialité
  --------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------ -----------------------

<span id="lesson21.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 21 - Faire quelque chose
==============================

<div class="resume">

Vocabulaire: Je cherche Petit Wang. Peux-tu m'aider à traduire?\
Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_234}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Je cherche Petit Wang
-   Conversation 2 : Peux-tu m'aider à traduire? Grammaire
-   Exercices de substitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Je cherche Petit Wang {#lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_235}
--------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/21-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">喂， 我找小王。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wèi, wǒ zhǎo xiǎo wáng.</span>\
    - Allo, je cherche Petit Wang?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我就是，你有什么事儿吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ jiù shì, nǐ yǒu shénmē shìr ma?</span>\
    - C'est justement moi, que veux-tu?
-   - <span
    class="hanzi">老师让我告诉你，明天有考试，考语法。你干什么呢？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Lǎoshī ràng wǒ gàosu nǐ, míngtiān yǒu kǎoshì,
    kǎo yǔfǎ nǐ gàn shénme ne?</span>\
    - Le profeseur m'a chargé de te dire, il y a un examen demain, un
    examen de grammaire. Que fais-tu?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我正在看电视呢，你呢？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ zhèngzài kàn diànshì ne, nǐ ne?</span>\
    - Je regarde la télévision, et toi?
-   - <span class="hanzi">复习课文呢。有个句子我不懂。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Fùxí kèwén ne. Yǒu gè jùzǐ wǒ bù dǒng.
    </span>\
    - Je révise mes leçons. Il y a une phrase que je ne comprends pas.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你为什么不问老师？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ wèishénme bú wèn lǎoshī?</span>\
    - Pourquoi ne demandes-tu pas au professeur? - 忘了。 - Wàng le.
    - (J'ai) oublié!\

### Vocabulaire

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                              grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------
  <span class="hanzi">喂</span>       <span class="pinyin">wèi</span>         (inter)       allo

  <span class="hanzi">找</span>       <span class="pinyin">zhǎo</span>        (v)           chercher

  <span class="hanzi">就</span>       <span class="pinyin">jiù</span>         (adv)         justement

  <span class="hanzi">事儿</span>     <span class="pinyin">shìr</span>        (n)           chose

  <span class="hanzi">让</span>       <span class="pinyin">ràng</span>        (v)           laisser, charger de

  <span class="hanzi">考试</span>     <span class="pinyin">kǎoshì</span>      (n)           examen

  <span class="hanzi">干</span>       <span class="pinyin">gàn</span>         (v)           faire

  <span class="hanzi">呢</span>       <span class="pinyin">ne</span>          (part)        (particule modale)

  <span class="hanzi">正在</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhèngzài</span>    (v)           en train de

  <span class="hanzi">电视</span>     <span class="pinyin">diànshì</span>     (n)           télévision

  <span class="hanzi">复习</span>     <span class="pinyin">fùxí</span>        (n)           réviser

  <span class="hanzi">课文</span>     <span class="pinyin">kèwén</span>       (n)           text

  <span class="hanzi">句子</span>     <span class="pinyin">jùzǐ</span>        (n)           phrase

  <span class="hanzi">懂</span>       <span class="pinyin">dǒng</span>        (v)           comprendre

  <span class="hanzi">为什么</span>   <span class="pinyin">wèishénme</span>   (pro)         pourquoi

  <span class="hanzi">问</span>       <span class="pinyin">wèn</span>         (v)           demander

  <span class="hanzi">忘</span>       <span class="pinyin">wàng</span>        (v)           oublier
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Peux-tu m'aider à traduire? {#lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_236}
--------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/21-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你能给我翻译一下吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ néng gěi wǒ fānyì yīxià ma?</span>\
    - Peux-tu m'aider à traduire?
-   - <span class="hanzi">第几课第几页？第几行？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Dì jǐ kè? Dì jǐ yè? Dì jǐ háng.</span>\
    - Quelle leçon (leçon combien), quelle page, quelle ligne?
-   - <span class="hanzi">第五课。第十页。第四行。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Dì wǔ kè. Dì shí yè? Dì sì háng.</span>\
    - Leçon 5, page 10, ligne 4. ( cinquième leçon, dixième page,
    quatrième ligne )
-   - <span class="hanzi">我也不懂。我还没看呢。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ yě bù dǒng. Wǒ hái méi kàn ne.</span>\
    - Je ne comprends pas non plus. Je n'ai pas encore regardé.
-   - <span class="hanzi">问一下你姐姐。让她帮助一下。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wèn yīxià nǐ jiějie. ràng tā
    bāngzhù yīxià.</span>\
    - Demande à ta grande sœur. Demande lui de nous aider un coup
-   - <span class="hanzi">她现在没时间 她在做饭呢。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">tā xiànzài méi shíjiān, tā zài zuò
    fàn ne.</span>\
    - Elle n'a pas le temps en ce moment, elle est en train de
    cuisiner.\

### Vocabulaire

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                Type\         Traduction
                                                                          grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------- ----------------------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">翻译</span>   <span class="pinyin">fānyì</span>     (v)           traduire

  <span class="hanzi">第</span>     <span class="pinyin">dì</span>        (prefix)      (préfixe formant les nombres ordinaux)

  <span class="hanzi">课</span>     <span class="pinyin">kè</span>        (n)           leçon

  <span class="hanzi">页</span>     <span class="pinyin">yè</span>        (n)           page

  <span class="hanzi">行</span>     <span class="pinyin">háng</span>      (n)           ligne

  <span class="hanzi">时间</span>   <span class="pinyin">shíjiān</span>   (n)           temps, moment

  <span class="hanzi">帮助</span>   <span class="pinyin">bāngzhù</span>   (v)           aider

  <span class="hanzi">做饭</span>   <span class="pinyin">zuòfàn</span>    (v)           faire la cuisine
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_237}
---------

### Le verbe 让 {#lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_238}

<span class="hanzi">让</span> (<span class="pinyin">ràng</span>) est
souvent utilisé pour demander un service à quelqu'un. 让 est directement
suivi de la personne à qui l'on s'adresse.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">老师 让 我 告诉 你。</span>\
    le professeur m' a chargé de te dire.
-   <span class="hanzi">妈妈 让 我 去 买 东西。</span>\
    Maman m' a demandé d'aller faire les courses.
-   <span class="hanzi">她 让 我 问 你。</span>\
    Elle m' a laissé te demander.\

</div>

### Une action en cours <span class="hanzist">正在</span> ou <span class="hanzist">呢</span> {#lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_239}

Pour indiquer une action en train de se produire on peut:

-   placer <span class="hanzi">正在</span> (<span class="pinyin">zhèng
    zài</span>) ou juste <span class="hanzi">在</span> (<span
    class="pinyin">zài</span>) devant le verbe;
-   ou ajouter <span class="hanzi">呢</span> (<span
    class="pinyin">ne</span>) en fin de phrase.

<span class="hanzi">在</span> peut également être utilisé conjointement
avec <span class="hanzi">呢</span> pour exprimer une progression.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">我 正在 看 电视 呢。</span>\
    Je suis en train de regarder la télévision.
-   <span class="hanzi">我 在 打 电话 呢。</span>\
    Je suis au téléphone.
-   <span class="hanzi">我 吃饭 呢。</span>\
    Je suis en train de manger.\

</div>

Exercices de substitution {#lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_240}
-------------------------

### Exercise 1 {#lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_241}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你找<span class="encadrerouge">谁</span>？</span>     - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zhǎo <span class="encadrerouge">shéi</span>?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我找<span class="encadrerouge">小王</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ zhǎo <span class="encadrerouge">xiǎo Wáng</span>.</span>
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
1\. <span class="hanzi">谁</span> (<span class="pinyin">shéi</span>) qui?

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">我的朋友</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">wǒde péngyou</span>

</td>
<td>
mon ami

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">王老师</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Wáng lǎoshī</span>

</td>
<td>
Professeur Wang

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">李小姐</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Lǐ xiǎojiě</span>

</td>
<td>
Mademoiselle Li

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
2\. <span class="hanzi">什么</span> (<span class="pinyin">shénmē</span>)
quoi?

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">我的书</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">wǒ de shū</span>

</td>
<td>
mon livre

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">我的东西</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">wǒ de dōngxī</span>

</td>
<td>
mes affaires

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">我的词典</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">wǒ de cídiǎn</span>

</td>
<td>
mon dictionnaire

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercise 2 {#lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_242}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">老师让你们干什么？</span>                                                                         - <span class="pinyin">Lǎoshī ràng nǐmen gàn shénme?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">老师让我们<span class="encadrerouge">复习</span><span class="encadrerouge">语法</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Lǎoshī ràng wǒmen <span class="encadrerouge">fùxí</span> <span class="encadrerouge">yǔfǎ</span>.</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Verb

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Object

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">预习</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yùxí</span>

</td>
<td>
preparer

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">生词</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">shēngcí</span>

</td>
<td>
mots nouveaux

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">念</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">niàn</span>

</td>
<td>
lire

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">课文</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kèwén</span>

</td>
<td>
texte

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">写</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">xiě</span>

</td>
<td>
écrire

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">汉字</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">hànzì</span>

</td>
<td>
caractère(s) chinois

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">练</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">liàn</span>

</td>
<td>
s'entrainer

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">发音</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fāyīn</span>

</td>
<td>
prononciation

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">听</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tīng</span>

</td>
<td>
écouter

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">录音</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">lùyīn</span>

</td>
<td>
enregistrer

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercise 3 {#lesson21.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_243}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你在干什么呢？</span>                                                                       - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zài gàn shénme ne?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我正在<span class="encadrerouge">看</span><span class="encadrerouge">电视</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ zhèngzài <span class="encadrerouge">kàn</span> <span class="encadrerouge">diànshì</span>.</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Verb

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Object

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">听</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tīng</span>

</td>
<td>
écouter

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">音乐</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yīnyuè</span>

</td>
<td>
musique

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">看</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kàn</span>

</td>
<td>
lire

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">报纸</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">bàozhǐ</span>

</td>
<td>
journal

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">写</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">xiě</span>

</td>
<td>
écrire

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">信</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">xìn</span>

</td>
<td>
lettre

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">打</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dǎ</span>

</td>
<td>
faire, passer

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">电话</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">diànhuà</span>

</td>
<td>
coup de téléphone

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<span id="lesson22.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 22 - La durée
===================

<div class="resume">

Vocabulaire: Depuis quand es-tu à Pékin? Depuis combien de temps
étudies-tu le chinois? Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_244}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Depuis combien de temps es-tu à Pékin?
-   Conversation 2 : Depuis quand étudies-tu le chinois?
-   Conversation 3 : Avez-vous terminé d'étudier ce livre?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de substitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Depuis combien de temps es-tu à Pékin? {#lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_245}
-------------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/22-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你来北京多长时间了？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ lái Běijing duōcháng shíjiān le?</span>\
    - Depuis combien de temps es-tu à Pékin? (Tu es venu à Pékin, quelle
    longueur de temps?)
-   - <span class="hanzi">已经半个多月了。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yǐjīng bàn gè duō yuè le.</span>\
    - Déjà plus d'un demi mois.
-   - <span class="hanzi">这儿的生活你习惯了吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zhèr de shēnghuó nǐ xíguàn le ma?</span>\
    - T'habitues-tu à la vie ici?
-   - <span class="hanzi">还没习惯呢。</span>\
    <span class="pinyin">- Hái méi xíguàn ne.</span>\
    - (je) ne me suis pas encore habitué.\

### Vocabulaire

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                           grammatical   
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- -----------------
  <span class="hanzi">长</span>     <span class="pinyin">cháng</span>      (adj)         long, longueur

  <span class="hanzi">多长</span>   <span class="pinyin">duōcháng</span>                 quelle longueur

  <span class="hanzi">已经</span>   <span class="pinyin">yǐjīng</span>     (adv)         déjà

  <span class="hanzi">生活</span>   <span class="pinyin">shēnghuó</span>   (n)           vivre

  <span class="hanzi">习惯</span>   <span class="pinyin">xíguàn</span>     (v)           être habitué
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Depuis quand étudies-tu le chinois? {#lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_247}
----------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/22-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">来以前你学过几个月汉语？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Lái yǐqián nǐ xué guo jǐ gè yuè
    Hànyǔ?</span>\
    - Avant de venir, combien de mois as-tu étudié le chinois?
-   - <span class="hanzi">６个月。一个星期有３个小时课。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Liù gè yuè. Yī gè xīngqī yǒu sān gè
    xiǎoshí kè.</span>\
    - Six mois. 3 heures de leçon par semaine. (une semaine, 3 heures
    de leçon)
-   - <span class="hanzi">你打算学习多长时间？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ dǎsuàn xuéxí duōcháng shíjiān?</span>\
    - Tu envisages d'étudier combien de temps?
-   - <span class="hanzi">５个月。我参加的是短期班。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǔ gè yuè. Wǒ cānjiā de shì
    duǎnqī bān.</span>\
    - Cinq mois. Je me suis inscrit à un cours de courte durée.\

### Vocabulaire

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                   Type\         Traduction
                                                                               grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------- -----------------------
  <span class="hanzi">小时</span>     <span class="pinyin">xiǎoshí</span>      (n)           heure

  <span class="hanzi">课</span>       <span class="pinyin">kè</span>           (n)           cours, leçon

  <span class="hanzi">打算</span>     <span class="pinyin">dǎsuàn</span>       (v)           compter, envisager

  <span class="hanzi">参加</span>     <span class="pinyin">cānjiā</span>       (v)           participer

  <span class="hanzi">短期</span>     <span class="pinyin">duǎnqī</span>       (adj)         courte-durée

  <span class="hanzi">班</span>       <span class="pinyin">bān</span>          (n)           classe

  <span class="hanzi">短期班</span>   <span class="pinyin">duǎnqī bān</span>   (n)           cours de courte durée
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : Avez-vous terminé d'étudier ce livre? {#lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_249}
------------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/22-03.mp3">
</audio>
  ------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">这本书你们学完了吗？</span>       - <span class="pinyin">Zhè běn shū nǐmen xué wán le ma?</span>       - Avez-vous terminé d'étudier ce livre?
  - <span class="hanzi">刚开始，还没学完呢。</span>       - <span class="pinyin">Gāng kāishǐ, hái méi xué wán ne.</span>       - (Nous) commençons juste, nous n'avons pas encore fini de l'étudier.
  - <span class="hanzi">你们学到第几课了？</span>         - <span class="pinyin">Nǐmen xué dào dì jǐ kè le?</span>             - Jusqu'à quelle leçon avez-vous étudié?
  - <span class="hanzi">第８课。我们一天学一课。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Dì bā kè. Wǒmen yī tiān xué yī kè.</span>     - Leçon 8. Nous étudions une leçon par jour.
  - <span class="hanzi">老师讲得不慢，够快的。</span>     - <span class="pinyin">Lǎoshī jiǎng de bù màn, gòu kuài de.</span>   - Le professeur n'enseigne pas lentement, c'est assez rapide.
  ------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------

### Vocabulaire

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                               Type\         Traduction
                                                                         grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------- --------------------
  <span class="hanzi">完</span>     <span class="pinyin">wán</span>      (v)           terminer

  <span class="hanzi">刚</span>     <span class="pinyin">gāng</span>     (adv)         à l'instant, juste

  <span class="hanzi">开始</span>   <span class="pinyin">kāishǐ</span>   (v)           commencer

  <span class="hanzi">到</span>     <span class="pinyin">dào</span>      (v)           arriver à

  <span class="hanzi">讲</span>     <span class="pinyin">jiǎng</span>    (v)           parler, enseigner

  <span class="hanzi">慢</span>     <span class="pinyin">màn</span>      (adj)         doucement

  <span class="hanzi">够</span>     <span class="pinyin">gòu</span>      (adv)         assez

  <span class="hanzi">快</span>     <span class="pinyin">kuài</span>     (adj)         vite, rapide
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_250}
---------

### Les compléments de durée 了 ou 过 {#lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_251}

Les compléments de durée <span class="hanzi">了</span> (<span
class="pinyin">le</span>) et <span class="hanzi">过</span> (<span
class="pinyin">guo</span>) sont placés après un verbe pour exprimer la
durée ou l'état d'avancement d'une action en cours ou terminée.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">我 到 北京 一个月 了 。</span>\
    Je suis arrivé à Pékin il y a un mois.
-   <span class="hanzi">我 学 过 一 年 汉语。</span>\
    J'ai étudié un an le chinois.\

</div>

### Les compléments de résultat <span class="hanzist">完</span> ou <span class="hanzist">到</span> {#lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_252}

Les compléments de résultat 完 (wán) et 到 (dào) sont utilisés avec
verbe ou adjectif pour indiquer le résultat d'une action.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">我们 学完 这 本 书 了。</span>\
    Nous avons fini d'étudier ce livre
-   <span class="hanzi">我　 看完 杂志 了。</span>\
    J'ai fini de lire le magazine
-   <span class="hanzi">我 没看完。</span>\
    Je n'ai pas fini de lire
-   <span class="hanzi">我们 学到 第三课 了。</span>\
    Nous avons étudié jusqu'à la leçon 3\

</div>

### Indicateur d'approximation d'un nombre <span class="hanzist">多</span> {#lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_253}

Le mot <span class="hanzi">多</span> (<span class="pinyin">duō</span>)
est employé entre le classificateur et le nom ou après un
nom-classificateur pour exprimer "un peu plus".

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">一个 多 月。</span>\
    plus d'un mois
-   <span class="hanzi">一年 多 。</span>\
    plus d'un an
-   <span class="hanzi">一个 多 小时。</span>\
    plus d'une heure\

</div>

Exercices de substitution {#lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_254}
-------------------------

### Exercise 1 {#lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_255}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你来北京多长时间了？</span>                                 - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ lái Běijing duōcháng shíjiān le?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">已经<span class="encadrerouge">半个多月</span>了。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Yǐjīng <span class="encadrerouge">bàn gè duō yuè</span> le.</span>
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

  ------------------------------- ------------------------------- --------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- --------------------------
  ４                                                              <span class="hanzi">年</span>     <span class="pinyin">sì nián</span>          4 ans
  <span class="hanzi">半</span>                                   <span class="hanzi">年</span>     <span class="pinyin">bàn nián</span>         un semestre (demi-année)
  ３                                                              <span class="hanzi">天</span>     <span class="pinyin">sān tiān</span>         3 jours
  ３                              <span class="hanzi">个</span>   <span class="hanzi">月</span>     <span class="pinyin">sān gè yuè</span>       3 mois
  １                              <span class="hanzi">个</span>   <span class="hanzi">半月</span>   <span class="pinyin">sān gè bàn yuè</span>   1 mois et demi
  ４                              <span class="hanzi">个</span>   <span class="hanzi">星期</span>   <span class="pinyin">sì gè xīngqī</span>     4 semaines
  ------------------------------- ------------------------------- --------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- --------------------------

### Exercise 2 {#lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_256}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">这本书</span>你们<span class="encadrerouge">学</span>完了吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Zhè běn shū</span> nǐmen <span class="encadrerouge">xué</span> wán le ma?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">还没学完呢。</span>                                                                               - <span class="pinyin">Hái méi xué wán ne.</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Nom

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Verbe

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">书</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">shū</span>

</td>
<td>
livre

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">看</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kàn</span>

</td>
<td>
lire

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">东西</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dōngxī</span>

</td>
<td>
chose

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">买</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">mǎi</span>

</td>
<td>
acheter

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">茶</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">chá</span>

</td>
<td>
thé

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">喝</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">hē</span>

</td>
<td>
boire

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">练习</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">liànxí</span>

</td>
<td>
exercice

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">作</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zuò</span>

</td>
<td>
faire

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">饭</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fàn</span>

</td>
<td>
riz, repas

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">吃</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">chī</span>

</td>
<td>
manger

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercise 3 {#lesson22.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_257}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你们<span class="encadrerouge">学</span>到第几课了？</span>                           - <span class="pinyin">Nǐmen <span class="encadrerouge">xué</span> dào dì jǐ kè le?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">第<span class="encadrerouge">８</span><span class="encadrerouge">课</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Dì <span class="encadrerouge">8</span> <span class="encadrerouge">kè</span>.</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Verbe

</td>
<td>
Quantité

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Mesure

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">看</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kàn</span>

</td>
<td>
lire

</td>
<td>
３

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">行</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">háng</span>

</td>
<td>
ligne

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">学</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">xué</span>

</td>
<td>
étudier

</td>
<td>
５

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">课</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kè</span>

</td>
<td>
leçon

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">念</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">niàn</span>

</td>
<td>
lire (à haute voix)

</td>
<td>
６

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">页</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yè</span>

</td>
<td>
page

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">复习</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fùxí</span>

</td>
<td>
réviser

</td>
<td>
５

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">课</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kè</span>

</td>
<td>
leçon

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<span id="lesson23.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 23 - Résultat, possibilité
================================

<div class="resume">

Vocabulaire: Peux-tu lire un journal anglais? Puis-je t'emprunter ton
livre? Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_258}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Peux-tu lire un journal anglais?
-   Conversation 2 : Puis-je t'emprunter ton livre?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de substitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Peux-tu lire un journal anglais? {#lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_259}
-------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/23-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你看见小王了吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ kàn jiàn Xiǎo Wáng le ma?</span>\
    - As-tu vu petit Wang?
-   - <span class="hanzi">看见了。他在那儿看报呢。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Kàn jiàn le. Tā zài nàr kàn bào ne.</span>\
    - Oui (je l'ai vu). Il est là-bas et lit le journal.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你看得懂英文报吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ kàn de dǒng Yīngwén bào ma?</span>\
    - Comprends-tu (lire en comprenant) le journal anglais?
-   - <span class="hanzi">有的看得懂，有的看不懂。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yǒude kàn de dǒng, yǒude kàn bù dǒng.</span>\
    - Parfois je comprends, parfois non. (parfois je lis et comprends,
    parfois je lis sans comprendre)
-   - <span class="hanzi">你听得懂英语广播吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ tīng de dǒng yīngyǔ guǎngbō ma?</span>\
    - Comprends-tu (écouter et comprendre) la radio anglaise?
-   - <span class="hanzi">现在还听不懂。如果我努力学习，将来我一定能。
    听懂。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xiànzài hái tīng bù dǒng. Rúguó wǒ nǔlì
    xuéxí, jiānglái wǒ yídìng néng tīngdǒng.</span>\
    - Pas encore (pour l'instant je ne comprends pas). Si j'étudie dur,
    je serai certainement capable de comprendre.\

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                           grammatical   
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- -------------------
  <span class="hanzi">见</span>     <span class="pinyin">jiàn</span>       (v)           voir

  <span class="hanzi">报</span>     <span class="pinyin">bào</span>        (n)           journal

  <span class="hanzi">懂</span>     <span class="pinyin">dǒng</span>       (v)           comprendre

  <span class="hanzi">英文</span>   <span class="pinyin">Yīngwén</span>    (n)           anglais

  <span class="hanzi">英语</span>   <span class="pinyin">Yīngyǔ</span>     (n)           anglais

  <span class="hanzi">广播</span>   <span class="pinyin">guǎngbō</span>    (n)           radio

  <span class="hanzi">如果</span>   <span class="pinyin">rúguǒ</span>      (conj)        si

  <span class="hanzi">努力</span>   <span class="pinyin">nǔlì</span>       (adj)         faire des efforts

  <span class="hanzi">将来</span>   <span class="pinyin">jiānglái</span>   (n)           futur

  <span class="hanzi">一定</span>   <span class="pinyin">yídìng</span>     (adv)         certainement
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Puis-je t'emprunter ton livre? {#lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_260}
-----------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/23-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">这本书明天你看得完吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zhè běn shū míngtiān nǐ kàn de wán ma?
    </span>\
    - Auras-tu fini de lire ce livre demain?
-   <span class="hanzi">要是作业不多，能看得完。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yàoshi zuòyè bùduō, néng kàn de wán.</span>\
    - S'il y a peu de devoirs, je peux le finir.
-   - <span class="hanzi">看完后，借我看看，可以吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Kàn wán hòu, jiè wǒ kànkan, kěyǐ ma?</span>\
    - Lorsque tu l'auras terminé, pourras-tu me le prêter?
-   - <span class="hanzi">行。别丢了。现在买不到了。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xíng. Bié diū le. Xiànzài mǎi bú
    dào le.</span>\
    - D'accord. Ne le perds pas. On ne peut plus l'acheter aujourd'hui.
-   - <span class="hanzi">放心吧。丢不了。下午你来吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Fàngxin ba. Diū bù liǎo. Xiàwǔ nǐ lái
    ma?</span>\
    - Rassure-toi. Je ne le perdrai pas. Viens-tu cet après-midi?
-   - <span class="hanzi">下午有个约会，可能来不了。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xiàwǔ yǒu gè yuēhuì, kěnéng lái
    bù liǎo.</span>\
    - J'ai un rendez-vous cet après-midi, je ne pourrais peut-être pas
    venir.\

### Vocabulaire

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                Type\         Traduction
                                                                          grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------- -------------------
  <span class="hanzi">完</span>     <span class="pinyin">wán</span>       (v)           terminer

  <span class="hanzi">要是</span>   <span class="pinyin">yàoshì</span>    (conj)        si

  <span class="hanzi">作业</span>   <span class="pinyin">zuòyè</span>     (n)           devoirs

  <span class="hanzi">后</span>     <span class="pinyin">hòu</span>       (adv)         après

  <span class="hanzi">借</span>     <span class="pinyin">jiè</span>       (v)           prêter, emprunter

  <span class="hanzi">可以</span>   <span class="pinyin">kěyǐ</span>      (v)           pouvoir

  <span class="hanzi">别</span>     <span class="pinyin">bié</span>       (v)           ne pas

  <span class="hanzi">丢</span>     <span class="pinyin">diū</span>       (v)           perdre

  <span class="hanzi">放心</span>   <span class="pinyin">fàngxīn</span>   (v)           se rassurer

  <span class="hanzi">不了</span>   <span class="pinyin">bùliǎo</span>    (v)           incapable de

  <span class="hanzi">约会</span>   <span class="pinyin">yuēhuì</span>    (n)           rendez-vous

  <span class="hanzi">可能</span>   <span class="pinyin">kěnéng</span>    (adv)         peut-être
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_261}
---------

### Compléments de possibilité <span class="hanzist">得</span> et <span class="hanzist">不</span> {#lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_262}

Un complément de possibilité est formé à l'aide de la particule <span
class="hanzi">得</span> (<span class="pinyin">de</span>) placée entre le
verbe et le résultat. La forme négative est obtenue en utilisant <span
class="hanzi">不</span> (<span class="pinyin">bù</span>) à la place de
<span class="hanzi">得</span>.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">我 看 得 懂 法文报。</span>\
    Je - lire (possibilité) comprendre - le journal français: Je peux
    lire le journal français.
-   <span class="hanzi">我 听 不 懂 汉语。</span>\
    Je - écouter (impossibilité) comprendre - le chinois : Je ne
    comprends pas le chinois.
-   <span class="hanzi">我 买 得 到 这本辞典。</span>\
    Je - acheter (possibilité) avec succès - ce dictionnaire : J'ai
    acheté ce dictionnaire.
-   <span class="hanzi">我 来 不 了。</span>\
    Je - venir (impossibilité) être capable : Je ne peux pas venir.\

</div>

### <span class="hanzist">别</span> : ne pas... {#lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_263}

Lorsque placé devant un verbe, <span class="hanzi">别</span> signifie ne
pas....

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">别 丢 了。</span>\
    Ne le perds pas.
-   <span class="hanzi">别 买 这本书。</span>\
    N'achète pas ce livre.
-   <span class="hanzi">别 听 他的话。</span>\
    Ne l'écoute pas.\

</div>

Exercices de substitution {#lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_264}
-------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_265}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你<span class="encadrerouge">看</span>见<span class="encadrerouge">小王</span>了吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ <span class="encadrerouge">kàn</span> jiàn <span class="encadrerouge">XiǎoWáng</span> le ma?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">看</span>见了。</span>                                             - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">kàn</span> jiàn le.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
Verbe

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Complément

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">听</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tīng</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">他说的</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tāshuōde</span>

</td>
<td>
ce qu'il a dit

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">看</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kàn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">我的书</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">wǒdeshū</span>

</td>
<td>
mon livre

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">看</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kàn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">老师</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">lǎoshī</span>

</td>
<td>
le professeur

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">听</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tīng</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">我说的</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">wǒshuōde</span>

</td>
<td>
ce que j'ai dit

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 2 {#lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_266}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你<span class="encadrerouge">看</span>得懂<span class="encadrerouge">英文报</span>吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ <span class="encadrerouge">kàn</span> de dǒng <span class="encadrerouge">Yīngwénbào</span> ma?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我<span class="encadrerouge">看</span>得懂。</span>                                             - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ <span class="encadrerouge">kàn</span> de dǒng.</span>
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
Verbe

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Complément

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">听</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tīng</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">音乐</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yīnyuè</span>

</td>
<td>
musique

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">看</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kàn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">中文报</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Zhōngwénbào</span>

</td>
<td>
journal en chinois

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">听</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tīng</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">汉语</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Hànyǔ</span>

</td>
<td>
chinois (langue)

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">看</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kàn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">汉语书</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Hànyǔshū</span>

</td>
<td>
livre en chinois

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 3 {#lesson23.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_267}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">明天</span>你<span class="encadrerouge">来</span>得了吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Míngtiān</span> nǐ <span class="encadrerouge">lái</span> de liǎo ma?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我可能<span class="encadrerouge">来</span>不了。</span>                                       - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ kěnéng <span class="encadrerouge">lái</span> bù liǎo.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Nom

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Verbe

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">今天</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">jīntiān</span>

</td>
<td>
aujourd'hui

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">去</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">qù</span>

</td>
<td>
aller

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">后天</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">hòutiān</span>

</td>
<td>
après-demain

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">来</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">lái</span>

</td>
<td>
venir

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">这本书</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zhèběnshū</span>

</td>
<td>
ce livre

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">丢</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">diū</span>

</td>
<td>
perdre

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<span id="lesson24.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 24 - Moyens de transport
==============================

<div class="resume">

Vocabulaire: Prendre l'avion, prendre le train. Comment te rends-tu à
l'école? Où es-tu allé hier? Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_268}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Comment te rends-tu à l'école?
-   Conversation 2 : Où es-tu allé hier?
-   Conversation 3 : Pourquoi n'as-tu pas pris le bus?
-   Conversation 4 : Vas-tu à Dalian en avion ou en train?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de substitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Comment te rends-tu à l'école? {#lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_269}
-----------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/24-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">每天你怎么来教室上课？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Měitiān nǐ zěnme lái jiàoshì shàng
    kè?</span>\
    - Comment viens-tu en classe tous les jours pour les cours?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我走着来。你呢？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ zǒu zhe lái. Nǐ ne?</span>\
    - A pied. Et toi?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我骑车来。我买了一辆自行车。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ qí chē lái. Wǒ mǎi le yī liàng zì
    xíng chē.</span>\
    - A bicyclette. J'ai acheté une bicyclette.\

### Vocabulaire

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                              grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">怎么</span>     <span class="pinyin">zěnme</span>       (pro)         comment

  <span class="hanzi">教室</span>     <span class="pinyin">jiàoshì</span>     (n)           salle de classe

  <span class="hanzi">走</span>       <span class="pinyin">zǒu</span>         (v)           marcher

  <span class="hanzi">着</span>       <span class="pinyin">zhe</span>         (part)        (particule verbale)

  <span class="hanzi">骑</span>       <span class="pinyin">qí</span>          (v)           monter (à cheval, à bicyclette)

  <span class="hanzi">车</span>       <span class="pinyin">chē</span>         (n)           véhicule

  <span class="hanzi">辆</span>       <span class="pinyin">liàng</span>       (m)           (spécificatif pour véhicule)

  <span class="hanzi">自行车</span>   <span class="pinyin">zìxíngchē</span>   (n)           bicyclette

  <span class="hanzi">了</span>       <span class="pinyin">le</span>          (part)        (particule modale)
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Où es-tu allé hier? {#lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_270}
------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/24-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">昨天你去哪儿了？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zuótiān nǐ qù nǎr le?</span>\
    - Où es-tu allé hier?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我进城玩儿去了。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ jìn chéng wánr qù le.</span>\
    - Je suis allé m'amuser en ville.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你也是骑车去的吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ yě shì qí chē qù de ma?</span>\
    - Tu y es aussi allé à bicyclette?
-   - <span class="hanzi">不，我是坐出租车去的。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Bù, wǒ shì zuò chūzūchē qù de.</span>\
    - Non, j'y suis allé en taxi.\

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                             grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- -----------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">进</span>       <span class="pinyin">jìn</span>        (v)           entrer

  <span class="hanzi">城</span>       <span class="pinyin">chéng</span>      (n)           ville

  <span class="hanzi">玩儿</span>     <span class="pinyin">wánr</span>       (v)           s'amuser

  <span class="hanzi">坐</span>       <span class="pinyin">zuò</span>        (v)           s'assoir, se déplacer en...

  <span class="hanzi">出租</span>     <span class="pinyin">chūzū</span>      (adj)         louer

  <span class="hanzi">出租车</span>   <span class="pinyin">chūzūchē</span>   (n)           taxi
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : Pourquoi n'as-tu pas pris le bus? {#lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_271}
--------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/24-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你怎么不坐公共汽车呀？ </span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zěnme bú zuò gōnggòng qìchē ya?</span>\
    - Pourquoi n'as-tu pas pris le bus?
-   - <span class="hanzi">车上人太多，而且又太慢。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Chēshàng rén tài duō, érqiě yòu
    tài màn.</span>\
    - Il y a trop de gens dans le bus, de plus c'est trop lent.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你可以坐地铁或者开车去呀？</span>\
    - <span class="hanzi">Nǐ kěyǐ zuò dìtiě huòzhě kāi chē qù
    ya?</span>\
    - Tu pouvais prendre le métro ou y aller en voiture?
-   - <span class="hanzi">那儿没地铁站。我不会开车。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nàr méi dìtiězhàn. Wǒ bú huì kāi chē.</span>\
    - Il n'y a pas de station de métro là-bas. Je ne sais pas conduire.\

### Vocabulaire

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                                 Pinyin                                      Type\         Traduction
                                                                                    grammatical   
  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">汽车</span>       <span class="pinyin">qìchē</span>           (n)           voiture

  <span class="hanzi">公共</span>       <span class="pinyin">gōnggòng</span>        (adj)         commun, publique

  <span class="hanzi">公共汽车</span>   <span class="pinyin">gōnggòngqìchē</span>   (n)           transports en commun, bus

  <span class="hanzi">车上</span>       <span class="pinyin">chēshang</span>        (n)           dans le bus

  <span class="hanzi">而且</span>       <span class="pinyin">érqiě</span>           (conj)        deplus

  <span class="hanzi">又</span>         <span class="pinyin">yòu</span>             (conj)        et, aussi

  <span class="hanzi">地铁</span>       <span class="pinyin">dìtiě</span>           (n)           métro

  <span class="hanzi">站</span>         <span class="pinyin">zhàn</span>            (n)           station

  <span class="hanzi">或者</span>       <span class="pinyin">huòzhě</span>          (conj)        ou

  <span class="hanzi">开车</span>       <span class="pinyin">kāichē</span>          (v)           conduire une voiture
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 4 : Vas-tu à Dalian en avion ou en train? {#lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_272}
------------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/24-04.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你坐飞机还是坐火车去大连？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zuò fēijī háishì zuò huǒchē qù
    Dàlián?</span>\
    - Vas-tu à Dalian en avion ou en train?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我打算坐飞机去，坐船回来。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ dǎsuàn zuò fēijī qù, zuò
    chuán huílai.</span>\
    - Je compte y aller en avion et revenir en bateau.\

### Vocabulaire

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                               Type\         Traduction
                                                                         grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------- ------------------
  <span class="hanzi">飞机</span>   <span class="pinyin">fēijī</span>    (n)           avion

  <span class="hanzi">火车</span>   <span class="pinyin">huǒchē</span>   (n)           train

  <span class="hanzi">船</span>     <span class="pinyin">chuán</span>    (n)           bateau

  <span class="hanzi">回来</span>   <span class="pinyin">huílai</span>   (v)           rentrer, revenir
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_273}
---------

### Syntaxe {#lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_274}

Il existe une tournure de phrase dans laquelle le premier verbe modifie
l'action exprimée par le second.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">我 坐 汽车 来 教室。</span>\
    Je viens en voiture en salle de cours.
-   <span class="hanzi">我 骑 车 回来 。</span>\
    Je rentre en bicyclette.
-   <span class="hanzi">他 开 车 去 。</span>\
    Il y va en voiture.\

</div>

### La particule verbale <span class="hanzist">了</span> après le verbe {#lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_275}

Lorsque la particule <span class="hanzi">了</span> (<span
class="pinyin">le</span>) suit le verbe, cela indique que l'action est
accomplie.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">我 买 了 一 辆 自行车。</span>\
    J'ai acheté un vélo.
-   <span class="hanzi">他 喝 了 两 杯 茶。</span>\
    J'ai bu deux verre de thé.\

</div>

### La particule modale <span class="hanzist">了</span> en fin de phrase {#lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_276}

Lorsque la particule <span class="hanzi">了</span> (<span
class="pinyin">le</span>) est ajoutée en fin de phrase, cela indique un
changement de situation.

La forme négative est obtenue en ajoutant <span class="hanzi">没</span>
(<span class="pinyin">méi</span>) or <span class="hanzi">没有</span>
(<span class="pinyin">méiyǒu</span>) devant le verbe et sans <span
class="hanzi">了</span> en fin de phrase.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">昨天　你　去　哪儿 了？</span>\
    Où es-tu allé hier?
-   <span class="hanzi">我　去　商店 了。</span>\
    Je suis allé au magasin.
-   <span class="hanzi">我　没去　商店。</span>\
    Je ne suis pas allé au magasin.\

</div>

Exercices de substitution {#lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_277}
-------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_278}

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你怎么<span class="encadrerouge">去</span>？</span>                                                                            - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zěnme <span class="encadrerouge">qù</span>?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我<span class="encadrerouge">骑</span><span class="encadrerouge"><span class="encadrerouge">自行车</span>去</span> 。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ <span class="encadrerouge">qí</span> <span class="encadrerouge">zìxíngchē</span> <span class="encadrerouge">qù</span>.</span>
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
Verbe 1

</td>
<td colspan="2">
Nom

</td>
<td colspan="2">
Verbe 2

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">坐</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zuò</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">汽车</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">qìchē</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">来</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">lái</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">开</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kāi</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">车</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">chē</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">回来</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">huílái</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">坐</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zuò</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">火车</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">huǒchē</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">回去</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">huíqù</span>

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 2 {#lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_279}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你坐<span class="encadrerouge">飞机</span>还是坐<span class="encadrerouge">火车</span>去？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zuò <span class="encadrerouge">fēijī</span> háishì zuò <span class="encadrerouge">huǒchē</span> qù?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我打算坐<span class="encadrerouge">飞机</span>去 。</span>                                          - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ dǎsuàn zuò <span class="encadrerouge">fēijī</span> qù.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Nom 1

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Nom 2

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">地铁</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dìtiě</span>

</td>
<td>
métro

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">电车</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">diànchē</span>

</td>
<td>
tramway

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">火车</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">huǒchē</span>

</td>
<td>
train

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">汽车</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">qìchē</span>

</td>
<td>
voiture

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">飞机</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fēijī</span>

</td>
<td>
avion

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">船</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">chuán</span>

</td>
<td>
bateau

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">出租 汽车</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">chūzū qìchē</span>

</td>
<td>
taxi

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">公共 汽车</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">gōnggòng qìchē</span>

</td>
<td>
bus

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 3 {#lesson24.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_280}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">你</span>会<span class="encadrerouge">开车</span>吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Nǐ</span> huì <span class="encadrerouge">kāichē</span> ma?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我不会<span class="encadrerouge">开车</span> 。</span>                                    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ bú huì <span class="encadrerouge">kāichē</span>.</span>
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
Sujet

</td>
<td colspan="2">
Action

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">他</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tā</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">开汽车</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kāi qìchē</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">你朋友</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">nǐ péngyou</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">开汽车</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kāi qìchē</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">他爸爸</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tā bàba</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">开飞机</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kāi fēijī</span>

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<span id="lesson25.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 25 - Direction et Position
================================

<div class="resume">

Vocabulaire: Qui est assis là? Sais-tu où se trouve Tian'anmen?
Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_281}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Qui est assis là?
-   Conversation 2 : Sais-tu où se trouve Tian'anmen?
-   Conversation 3 : À quel endroit se trouve le gymnase?
-   Conversation 4 : Y-a-t'il des restaurants près de la gare?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de substitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Qui est assis là? {#lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_282}
----------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/25-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">瞧，谁坐在小马右边呢？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Qiáo, shuí zuò zài Xiǎo Mǎ yòu bian
    ne?</span>\
    - Regarde, qui est assis à la droite de Xiao Ma?
-   - <span class="hanzi">老李。看见我的交通图了吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Lǎo Lǐ. Kǎn jiàn wǒ de jiāo tōng tú le
    ma?</span>\
    - Lao Li. As-tu vu ma carte routière?
-   - <span class="hanzi">看见了，在桌子上边呢。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Kàn jiàn le, zài zhuō zi shàng bian ne.
    </span>\
    - Oui, sur la table.\

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                   Type\         Traduction
                                                                               grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------- ----------------
  <span class="hanzi">瞧</span>       <span class="pinyin">qiáo</span>         (v)           regarder

  <span class="hanzi">坐</span>       <span class="pinyin">zuò</span>          (v)           être assi

  <span class="hanzi">右边</span>     <span class="pinyin">yòubian</span>      (n)           à droite

  <span class="hanzi">老</span>       <span class="pinyin">lǎo</span>          (adj)         vieux

  <span class="hanzi">交通图</span>   <span class="pinyin">jiāotōngtú</span>   (n)           carte routière

  <span class="hanzi">桌子</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhuōzi</span>       (n)           table

  <span class="hanzi">上边</span>     <span class="pinyin">shàngbian</span>    (n)           sur, dessus
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Sais-tu où se trouve Tian'anmen? {#lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_283}
-------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/25-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你知道天安门在哪儿吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zhī dào Tiān ān mén zài nǎr ma?</span>\
    - Sais-tu où se trouve Tian'anmen?
-   - <span class="hanzi">在市中心。这就是天安门。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zài shì zhōng xīn. Zhè jiù shì Tiān ān mén.
    </span>\
    - En centre ville. Voilà justement Tian'Anmen.
-   - <span class="hanzi">故宫是不是在它北边？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Gù gōng shì bú shì zài tā běi bian?</span>\
    - La Cité Interdite se trouve bien en son nord?
-   - <span class="hanzi">对，故宫在天安门北边。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Duì, Gù gōng zài Tiān ān mén
    běi bian.</span>\
    - Oui, La Cité Interdite se trouve au nord de Tian'anmen.\

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                    Type\         Traduction
                                                                                grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------
  <span class="hanzi">天安门</span>   <span class="pinyin">Tiān ān mén</span>   (n)           la place Tian'anmen

  <span class="hanzi">市</span>       <span class="pinyin">shì</span>           (n)           ville

  <span class="hanzi">中心</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhōng xīn</span>     (n)           centre

  <span class="hanzi">就</span>       <span class="pinyin">jiù</span>           (adv)         justement

  <span class="hanzi">故宫</span>     <span class="pinyin">Gù gōng</span>       (n)           la Cité Interdite

  <span class="hanzi">它</span>       <span class="pinyin">tā</span>            (pro)         ce, ça

  <span class="hanzi">对</span>       <span class="pinyin">duì</span>           (adj)         oui, correct

  <span class="hanzi">北边</span>     <span class="pinyin">běi bian</span>      (n)           nord
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : À quel endroit se trouve le gymnase? {#lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_284}
-----------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/25-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">首都体育馆在什么地方？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Shǒu dū tǐ yù guǎn zài shén me dì
    fang?</span>\
    - À quel endroit se trouve le gymnase de la capitale?
-   - <span class="hanzi">在动物园和图书馆中间。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zài dòng wù yuán hé tú shú guǎn
    zhōng jiān.</span>\
    - Entre le zoo et la bibliothèque.\

### Vocabulaire

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                     Type\         Traduction
                                                                                 grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ ------------- ------------------
  <span class="hanzi">首都</span>     <span class="pinyin">shǒu dū</span>        (n)           capitale

  <span class="hanzi">体育馆</span>   <span class="pinyin">tǐ yù guǎn</span>     (n)           gymnase

  <span class="hanzi">动物园</span>   <span class="pinyin">dòng wù yuán</span>   (n)           zoo

  <span class="hanzi">图书馆</span>   <span class="pinyin">tú shū guǎn</span>    (n)           bibliothèque

  <span class="hanzi">中间</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhōng jiān</span>     (n)           entre, au milieu
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 4 : Y-a-t'il des restaurants près de la gare? {#lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_285}
----------------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/25-04.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">火车站附近有没有饭馆儿？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Huǒ chē zhàn fù jìn yǒu méi yǒu fàn
    guǎnr?</span>\
    - Y-a-t'il des restaurants près de la gare?
-   - <span class="hanzi">有。可以说，到处是饭馆儿。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu. Kě yǐ shuō, dào chù shì
    fàn guǎnr.</span>\
    - Oui, pour ainsi dire il y a des restaurants partout.
-   - <span class="hanzi">火车站对面是什地方？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Huǒ chē zhàn duì miàn shì shé nme dì
    fang?</span>\
    - Quel est cet endroit en face de la gare?
-   - <span class="hanzi">一个饭店，前边是停车场。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yí gè fàn diàn, qián bian shì tíng
    chē chǎng.</span>\
    - Un hôtel, et devant c'est un parking.

### Vocabulaire

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                       Type\         Traduction
                                                                                   grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- ------------- -------------------
  <span class="hanzi">火车站</span>   <span class="pinyin">huǒ chē zhàn</span>     (n)           gare (ferrovière)

  <span class="hanzi">附近</span>     <span class="pinyin">fù jìn</span>           (n)           près de

  <span class="hanzi">可以说</span>   <span class="pinyin">kě yǐ shuō</span>                     pour ainsi dire

  <span class="hanzi">到处</span>     <span class="pinyin">dào chù</span>          (n)           partout

  <span class="hanzi">对面</span>     <span class="pinyin">duì miàn</span>         (n)           en face

  <span class="hanzi">前边</span>     <span class="pinyin">qián bian</span>        (n)           devant

  <span class="hanzi">停车场</span>   <span class="pinyin">tíng chē chǎng</span>   (n)           parking
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_286}
---------

### Syntaxe {#lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_287}

Lorsque le verbe <span class="hanzi">在</span> (<span
class="pinyin">zài</span>) est utilisé pour indiquer l'existence, le
sujet est généralement la personne ou l'élément concerné, le complément
d'objet est un nom renseignant la position ou l'endroit.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">故宫 在 天安门 北边。</span>\
    La Cité Interdite est au nord de Tian'anmen.
-   <span class="hanzi">书 在 桌子 上边。</span>\
    Le livre est sur la table.
-   <span class="hanzi">我 在 他 右边。</span>\
    Je suis à sa droite.
-   <span class="hanzi">他 在 我和她中间。</span>\
    Il est entre moi et elle.\

</div>

### Syntaxe {#lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_288}

Lorsque les verbes <span class="hanzi">有</span> (<span
class="pinyin">yǒu</span>) ou <span class="hanzi">是</span> (<span
class="pinyin">shì</span>) sont utilisés pour indiquer l'existence, le
sujet est généralement un nom renseignant la position ou l'endroit, le
complément d'objet est la personne ou l'élément concerné.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">车站 附近有 很多饭馆。 </span>\
    Il y a plein de restaurant près de la gare.
-   <span class="hanzi">饭店 对面 是 停车场。</span>\
    Il y a un parking en face de l'hôtel.\

</div>

### Mots de position {#lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_289}

  ------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ----------
  <span class="hanzi">左</span>   <span class="pinyin">zuǒ</span>    gauche
  <span class="hanzi">右</span>   <span class="pinyin">yòu</span>    droite
  <span class="hanzi">东</span>   <span class="pinyin">dōng</span>   est
  <span class="hanzi">西</span>   <span class="pinyin">xī</span>     ouest
  <span class="hanzi">南</span>   <span class="pinyin">nán</span>    sud
  <span class="hanzi">北</span>   <span class="pinyin">běi</span>    nord
  <span class="hanzi">前</span>   <span class="pinyin">qián</span>   devant
  <span class="hanzi">后</span>   <span class="pinyin">hòu</span>    derrière
  ------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ----------

Exercices de substitution {#lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_290}
-------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_291}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你坐在哪儿？</span>                                                                          - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zuò zài nǎr?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我坐在<span class="encadrerouge"><span class="encadrerouge">他</span>右边 </span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ zuò zài <span class="encadrerouge">tā</span> <span class="encadrerouge">yòubian</span>.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
Nom 1

</td>
<td colspan="2">
Nom 2

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">他</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tā</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">左边</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zuǒbian</span>

</td>
<td>
à gauche

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">小李</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Xiǎo Lǐ</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">右边</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yòubian</span>

</td>
<td>
à droite

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">她</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tā</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">后边</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">hòubian</span>

</td>
<td>
derrière

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">老师</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">lǎoshī</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">前边</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">qiánbian</span>

</td>
<td>
devant

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">它</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tā</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">旁边</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">pángbian</span>

</td>
<td>
à coté

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">你</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">nǐ</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">对面</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">duìmiàn</span>

</td>
<td>
en face

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 2 {#lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_292}

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">故宫是不是在他<span class="encadrerouge">北边 </span>？</span>                                       - <span class="pinyin">Gùgōng shì bú shì zài tā <span class="encadrerouge">běibian</span>?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">对，故宫在<span class="encadrerouge"><span class="encadrerouge">天安门</span>北边</span> 。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Duì, Gùgōng zài <span class="encadrerouge">Tiān'ānmén</span> <span class="encadrerouge">běibian</span>.</span>
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Nom 1

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Nom 2

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">地铁站</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dìtiě zhàn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">东边</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dōngbian</span>

</td>
<td>
est

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">火车站</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">huǒchē zhàn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">西边</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">xībian</span>

</td>
<td>
ouest

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">饭店</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fàndiàn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">南边</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">nánbian</span>

</td>
<td>
sud

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">银行</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yínháng</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">北边</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">běibian</span>

</td>
<td>
nord

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 3 {#lesson25.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_293}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">车站</span><span class="encadrerouge">附近</span>有没有饭馆儿？</span>   <span class="pinyin">- <span class="encadrerouge">Chēzhàn</span> <span class="encadrerouge">fùjìn</span> yǒu méi yǒu fànguǎnr?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">有。</span>                                                                                         - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
Nom 1

</td>
<td colspan="2">
Nom 2

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">飞机场</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fēijīchǎng</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">周围</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zhōuwéi</span>

</td>
<td>
autour

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">商店</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">shāngdiàn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">附近</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fùjìn</span>

</td>
<td>
près

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">饭店</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fàndiàn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">对面</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">duìmiàn</span>

</td>
<td>
en face

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">市</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">shì</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">中心</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zhōngxīn</span>

</td>
<td>
au centre

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<span id="lesson26.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 26 - Demander son chemin
==============================

<div class="resume">

Vocabulaire: Où se trouve le Palais d'Été? Il n'est pas loin de
l'Université de Pékin. Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_294}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Le Palais d'Été est-il loin d'ici?
-   Conversation 2 : Combien de temps faut-il en voiture?
-   Conversation 3 : Comment se rendre au Palais d'Été?
-   Conversation 4 : Puis-je garer ma voiture?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de substitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Le Palais d'Été est-il loin d'ici? {#lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_295}
---------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/26-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">颐和园离这儿远不远？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yí hé yuán lí zhèr yuǎn bù yuǎn?</span>\
    - Le Palais d'Été est-il loin d'ici?
-   - <span class="hanzi">不远，很近，就在北大西边。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Bù yuǎn, hěn jìn, jiù zài Běi Dà
    xī bian.</span>\
    - Non, très proche, juste à l'Ouest de l'Université de Pékin.
-   - <span class="hanzi">从这儿到北大有多远？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Cǒng zhèr dào Běi Dà yǒu duō yuǎn?</span>\
    - Quelle est la distance d'ici à l'Université de Pékin?
-   - <span class="hanzi">大约有五公里。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Dàyuē yǒu wǔ gōng lǐ.</span>\
    - Environ 5 kilomètres.\

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                   Type\         Traduction
                                                                               grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------
  <span class="hanzi">颐和园</span>   <span class="pinyin">Yí hé yuán</span>   (n)           Le Palais d'Été

  <span class="hanzi">离</span>       <span class="pinyin">lí</span>           (prep)        être distant de

  <span class="hanzi">远</span>       <span class="pinyin">yuǎn</span>         (n)           loin

  <span class="hanzi">近</span>       <span class="pinyin">jìn</span>          (adj)         près

  <span class="hanzi">北大</span>     <span class="pinyin">Beì Dà</span>       (n)           Université de Pékin

  <span class="hanzi">从</span>       <span class="pinyin">cóng</span>         (n)           de, depuis

  <span class="hanzi">到</span>       <span class="pinyin">dào</span>          (n)           vers, à

  <span class="hanzi">多远</span>     <span class="pinyin">duō yuǎn</span>     (n)           quelle distance

  <span class="hanzi">大约</span>     <span class="pinyin">dà yuē</span>       (adv)         environ

  <span class="hanzi">公里</span>     <span class="pinyin">gōng lǐ</span>      (n)           kilomètre
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Combien de temps faut-il en voiture? {#lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_296}
-----------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/26-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">开车要用多长时间？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Kāi chē yào yòng duō cháng shí jiān?</span>\
    - Combien de temps faut-il en voiture?
-   - <span class="hanzi">要是不堵车的话，用不了半个小时。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yào shì bù dǔ chē de huà, yòng bù liǎo bàn gè
    xiǎo shí.</span>\
    - Sans d'embouteillage, il ne faut même pas une demi-heure.\

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                                      Pinyin                                           Type\         Traduction
                                                                                              grammatical   
  ------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------ ------------- ------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">要</span>              <span class="pinyin">yào</span>                  (v)           nécessiter, falloir

  <span class="hanzi">开车</span>            <span class="pinyin">kāi chē</span>              (v)           conduire (une voiture)

  <span class="hanzi">堵车</span>            <span class="pinyin">dǔ chē</span>               (n)           embouteillage

  <span class="hanzi">的话</span>            <span class="pinyin">de huà</span>               (adv)         si

  <span class="hanzi">要是 ... 的话</span>   <span class="pinyin">yào shì ... de huà</span>   (adv)         si ...

  <span class="hanzi">不了</span>            <span class="pinyin">bù liǎo</span>              (adv)         (ne pas)

  <span class="hanzi">用不了</span>          <span class="pinyin">yòng bù liǎo</span>         (v)           ne pas utiliser
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : Comment se rendre au Palais d'Été? {#lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_297}
---------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/26-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">请问，去颐和园怎么走？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Qǐng wèn， qù Yí hé yuán zěn me zǒu?</span>\
    - Excusez-moi, Comment se rendre au Palais d'Été?
-   - <span
    class="hanzi">一直往前走，到十字路口向右拐，走五分钟就到了。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yì zhí wǎng qián zǒu, dào shí zì lù kǒu xiàng
    yòu guái, zǒu wǔ fēn zhōng jiù dào le.</span>\
    - Allez droit devant, au carrefour prenez à droite, marchez 5
    minutes vous y serez.\

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                                 Pinyin                                      Type\         Traduction
                                                                                    grammatical   
  ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ------------- -----------------------
  <span class="hanzi">请问</span>       <span class="pinyin">qǐng wèn</span>                      Excusez-moi

  <span class="hanzi">一直</span>       <span class="pinyin">yì zhí</span>          (adv)         tout droit

  <span class="hanzi">往</span>         <span class="pinyin">wǎng</span>            (prep)        vers, en direction de

  <span class="hanzi">前</span>         <span class="pinyin">qián</span>            (n)           devant

  <span class="hanzi">十字</span>       <span class="pinyin">shí zì</span>          (n)           croisement, carrefour

  <span class="hanzi">路口</span>       <span class="pinyin">lù kǒu</span>          (n)           intersection

  <span class="hanzi">十字路口</span>   <span class="pinyin">shí zì lù kǒu</span>   (n)           carrefour

  <span class="hanzi">向</span>         <span class="pinyin">xiàng</span>           (n)           vers, en direction de

  <span class="hanzi">拐</span>         <span class="pinyin">guǎi</span>            (n)           tourner
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 4 : Puis-je garer ma voiture? {#lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_298}
------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/26-04.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">劳驾，这儿能停车吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Láo jià, zhèr néng tíng chē ma?</span>\
    - Excusez-moi, puis-je garer ma voiture ici?
-   - <span class="hanzi">不行，过了第一个红绿灯可以。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Bù xíng, guò le dì yī gè hóng lǜ
    dēng kěyǐ.</span>\
    - Non, mais passé le premier feu tricolore c'est possible.
-   - <span class="hanzi">好，就停在这儿吧。我下车。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Hǎo, jiù tíng zài zhèr ba. Wǒ
    xià chē.</span>\
    - Bien, donc garons-nous là! Je descends de voiture.\

### Vocabulaire

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                     Type\         Traduction
                                                                                 grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ ------------- ---------------
  <span class="hanzi">劳驾</span>     <span class="pinyin">Láo jià</span>                      Excusez-moi

  <span class="hanzi">停</span>       <span class="pinyin">tíng</span>           (v)           arrêter

  <span class="hanzi">过</span>       <span class="pinyin">guò</span>            (v)           passer

  <span class="hanzi">红绿灯</span>   <span class="pinyin">hóng lǜ dēng</span>   (n)           feu tricolore

  <span class="hanzi">下</span>       <span class="pinyin">xià</span>            (v)           descendre
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_299}
---------

### Syntaxe {#lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_300}

Utilisation de la préposition <span class="hanzi">离</span> (<span
class="pinyin">lí</span>) pour exprimer la distance entre deux endroits.

<div class="deux">

endroit A + <span class="hanzist">离</span> + endroit B + adjectif

</div>

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   - <span class="hanzi">颐和园 离 这儿 很远。</span>\
    Palais d'Été + " <span class="pinyin">lí</span> " + ici + loin = Le
    Palais d'Été est loin d'ici.
-   - <span class="hanzi">北京 离 天津 不远。</span>\
    Pékin + " <span class="pinyin">lí</span> " + Tianjin + non loin =
    Pékin et Tianjin ne sont pas éloignées.\

</div>

### l'adverbe <span class="hanzist">多</span> {#lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_301}

L'adverbe <span class="hanzi">多</span> (<span
class="pinyin">duō</span>, beaucoup) est souvent utilisé devant un
adjectif monosyllabique tel que <span class="hanzi">远</span> (<span
class="pinyin">yuǎn</span>, loin) - <span class="hanzi">长</span> (<span
class="pinyin">cháng</span>, long) - <span class="hanzi">大</span>
(<span class="hanzi">dà</span>, grand) pour interroger sur le degré ou
l'ampleur.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">多 远</span>\
    beaucoup + loin = quelle distance?
-   <span class="hanzi">多 长 时间</span>\
    beaucoup + long + temps = combien de temps?
-   <span class="hanzi">多 大</span>\
    beaucoup + grand = quelle taille?\

</div>

Exercices de substitution {#lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_302}
-------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_303}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">颐和园</span>离<span class="encadrerouge">这儿</span>远不远？</span>   - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Yíhéyuán</span> lí <span class="encadrerouge">zhèr</span> yuǎn bù yuǎn?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">不远。</span>                                                                                     - <span class="pinyin">bù yuǎn.</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
Noun 1

</td>
<td colspan="2">
Noun 2

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">中国</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Zhōngguó</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">美国</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Měiguó</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">商店</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">shāngdiàn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">银行</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yínháng</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">飞机场</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fēijīchǎng</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">火车站</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">huǒchēzhàn</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">图书馆</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">túshūguǎn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">书店</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">shūdiàn</span>

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 2 {#lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_304}

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">从这儿到北大有多远？</span>                                - <span class="pinyin">Cóng zhèr dào Běi Dà yǒu duō yuǎn?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">大约有<span class="encadrerouge">５公里</span> 。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Dà yuē yǒu <span class="encadrerouge">wǔ gōng lǐ</span>.</span>
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="1">
quantité

</td>
<td colspan="3">
unité

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
10

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">公里</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">gōng lǐ</span>

</td>
<td>
kilomètre

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
100

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">米</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">mǐ</span>

</td>
<td>
mètre

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
25

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">英里</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yīng lǐ</span>

</td>
<td>
mile

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 3 {#lesson26.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_305}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">开车</span>要用多长时间？</span>   - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Kāi chē</span> yào yòng duō cháng shí jiān?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">用不了<span class="encadrerouge">半个小时</span> 。</span>    - <span class="pinyin">Yòng bù liǎo <span class="encadrerouge">bàn gè xiǎoshí.</span></span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
Sub 1

</td>
<td colspan="2">
Sub 2

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">走路</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zǒu lù</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">1个小时</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yī gè xiǎoshí</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">坐汽车</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zuò qìchē</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">10分钟</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">shí fēn zhōng</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">开车</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kāi chē</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">1克钟</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yī kè zhōng</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">坐地铁</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zuò dìtiě</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">半个小时</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">bàn gè xiǎoshí</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">骑单车</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">qí dānchē</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">10分钟</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">shí fēn zhōng</span>

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<span id="lesson27.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 27 - Climat et Météo
==========================

<div class="resume">

Vocabulaire: Quel temps fera-t-il demain? Quelle sera la température?
L'hivers pékinois est-il froid? Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_306}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Quel temps fera-t-il demain?
-   Conversation 2 : Quelle sera la température?
-   Conversation 3 : L'hivers pékinois est-il froid?
-   Conversation 4 : Comment sont printemps et automne?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercice de substitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Quel temps fera-t-il demain? {#lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_307}
---------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/27-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">下雨了，明天天气怎么样？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xià yǔ le. Míng tiān tiān qì zěn me
    yàng?</span>\
    - Il pleut. Quel temps fera-t-il demain?
-   - <span class="hanzi">天气预报说：明天是晴天。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Tiān qì yù bào shuō: míng tiān
    shì qíngtiān.</span>\
    - La météo annonce : demain journée ensoleillée.
-   - <span class="hanzi">明天有风吗？冷不冷？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Míng tiān yǒu fēng ma? Lěng bù lěng?</span>\
    - Y aura-t-il du vent? Fera-t-il froid?
-   - <span class="hanzi">有风。早上有点儿凉。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu fēng. Zǎo shang yǒu diǎnr liáng.</span>\
    - Il y aura du vent. La matinée sera légèrement fraîche.\

### Vocabulaire

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                    Type\         Traduction
                                                                                grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- ------------- -----------------
  <span class="hanzi">雨</span>       <span class="pinyin">yǔ</span>            (n)           pluie

  <span class="hanzi">下雨</span>     <span class="pinyin">xià yǔ</span>        (v)           pleuvoir

  <span class="hanzi">天气</span>     <span class="pinyin">tiān qì</span>       (n)           temps (climat)

  <span class="hanzi">怎么样</span>   <span class="pinyin">zěn me yàng</span>   (pro)         comment

  <span class="hanzi">预报</span>     <span class="pinyin">yù bào</span>        (n)           prévision

  <span class="hanzi">晴天</span>     <span class="pinyin">qíng tiān</span>     (n)           jour ensoleillé

  <span class="hanzi">风</span>       <span class="pinyin">fēng</span>          (n)           vent

  <span class="hanzi">冷</span>       <span class="pinyin">lěng</span>          (adj)         froid

  <span class="hanzi">凉</span>       <span class="pinyin">liáng</span>         (adj)         frais
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Quelle sera la température? {#lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_308}
--------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/27-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">明天的气温是多少度？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Míng tiān de qì wēn shì duō shao dù?</span>\
    - Quelle sera la température demain?
-   - <span class="hanzi">最高温度是５度，最低零下１度。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zuì gāo wēn dù shì wǔ dù, zuì dī líng xià
    yī dù.</span>\
    - La température maximale sera de 5 degrés, minimale moins 1.\

### Vocabulaire

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                Type\         Traduction
                                                                          grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------- ------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">气温</span>   <span class="pinyin">qì wēn</span>    (n)           température (de l'air)

  <span class="hanzi">度</span>     <span class="pinyin">dù</span>        (n)           degré

  <span class="hanzi">温度</span>   <span class="pinyin">wēn dù</span>    (n)           température

  <span class="hanzi">高</span>     <span class="pinyin">gāo</span>       (adj)         haut

  <span class="hanzi">低</span>     <span class="pinyin">dī</span>        (adj)         bas

  <span class="hanzi">零</span>     <span class="pinyin">líng</span>      (n)           zéro

  <span class="hanzi">零下</span>   <span class="pinyin">língxià</span>                 au dessous de zéro
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : L'hivers pékinois est-il froid? {#lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_309}
------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/27-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">北京冬天冷不冷？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Běi jīng dōng tiān lěng bǔ lěng?</span>\
    - L'hivers à Pékin est-il froid?
-   - <span class="hanzi">冷极了。有时候下雪。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Lěng jí le. Yǒu shí hou xià xuě.</span>\
    - Extrêmement froid. Il arrive qu'il neige.
-   - <span class="hanzi">夏天热吗？经常下雨吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xià tiān rè ma? Jīng cháng xià yǔ ma?</span>\
    - L'été est-il chaud? Pleut-il souvent?
-   - <span class="hanzi">很热，７、８月常常下大雨。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Hěn rè, qī bā yuè cháng cháng xià
    dà yǔ.</span>\
    - Très chaud, il pleut souvent en juillet-août.\

### Vocabulaire

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                            grammatical   
  --------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- -------------
  <span class="hanzi">冬天</span>   <span class="pinyin">dōng tiān</span>   (n)           hivers

  <span class="hanzi">极了</span>   <span class="pinyin">jí le</span>       (suff)        extrêmement

  <span class="hanzi">下雪</span>   <span class="pinyin">xià xuě</span>     (v)           neiger

  <span class="hanzi">夏天</span>   <span class="pinyin">xià tiān</span>    (n)           été
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 4 : Comment sont le printemps et l'automne? {#lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_310}
--------------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/27-04.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">春天和秋天怎么样？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Chūn tiān hé qiū tiān zěn me yàng?</span>\
    - Comment sont le printemps et l'automne?
-   - <span
    class="hanzi">春天常刮大风，而且空气干燥。秋天凉快，不冷也不热。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Chūn tiān cháng guā dà fēng, ér qiě kōng qì
    gān zào. Qiū tiān liáng kuài, bù lěng yě bú rè.</span>\
    - Il vente souvent au printemps et l'air est très sec. L'automne est
    frais, ni froid ni chaud.\

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                   Type\         Traduction
                                                                             grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------- -----------------
  <span class="hanzi">春天</span>   <span class="pinyin">chūn tiān</span>    (n)           printemps

  <span class="hanzi">秋天</span>   <span class="pinyin">qiū tiān</span>     (n)           automne

  <span class="hanzi">刮风</span>   <span class="pinyin">guā fēng</span>     (v)           le vent souffle

  <span class="hanzi">而且</span>   <span class="pinyin">ér qiě</span>       (conj)        de plus

  <span class="hanzi">空气</span>   <span class="pinyin">kōng qì</span>      (n)           air

  <span class="hanzi">干燥</span>   <span class="pinyin">gān zào</span>      (adj)         sec

  <span class="hanzi">凉快</span>   <span class="pinyin">liáng kuài</span>   (adj)         frais
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_311}
---------

### L'emphase avec <span class="hanzist">极了</span> {#lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_312}

Le suffixe <span class="hanzi">极了</span> (<span class="pinyin">jí
le</span>, extrêmement) est placé après un adjectif pour mettre de
l'emphase.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">天气 冷 极了。</span>\
    Le temps est particulièrement froid.
-   <span class="hanzi">今天 热 极了。</span>\
    Il fait excessivement chaud aujourd'hui.
-   <span class="hanzi">东西 贵 极了。</span>\
    Cet objet est prodigieusement cher.\

</div>

### Syntaxe " ni ... ni ... " {#lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_313}

La structure <span class="hanzi">不... 也不...</span> peut lier deux
adjectifs ou deux verbes.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">今天 不 冷 也不 热。</span>\
    Aujourd'hui il ne fait ni froid ni chaud.
-   <span class="hanzi">故宫 不 大 也不 小。</span>\
    La Cité Interdite n'est ni grande ni petite.
-   <span class="hanzi">我 不 喝酒也不 吸烟。</span>\
    Je ne bois (pas d'alcool) ni ne fume (de cigarette).\

</div>

Exercice de substitution {#lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_314}
------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_315}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">明天</span>天气怎么样？</span>                                    - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Míngtiān</span> tiānqì zěn me yàng?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">明天</span>天气<span class="encadrerouge">很好</span> 。</span>   - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Míngtiān</span> tiānqì <span class="encadrerouge">hěn hǎo</span>.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
Nom

</td>
<td colspan="2">
Adjectif

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">今天</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">jīn tiān</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">不好</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">bù hǎo</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">昨天</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">zuó tiān</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">非常好</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fēi cháng hǎo</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">后天</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">hòu tiān</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">不太好</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">bú tài hǎo</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">前天</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">qián tiān</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">不错</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">bú cuò</span>

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 2 {#lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_316}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">明天是<span class="encadrerouge">晴天</span>吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Míng tiān shì <span class="encadrerouge">qíng tiān</span> ma?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">明天是<span class="encadrerouge">晴天</span> 。</span>    - <span class="pinyin">Míng tiān shì <span class="encadrerouge">qíng tiān</span>.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Adj.

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">阴天</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yīn tiān</span>

</td>
<td>
jour nuageux, gris

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">晴天</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">qíng tiān</span>

</td>
<td>
jour ensoleillé

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">好天</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">hǎo tiān</span>

</td>
<td>
beau jour

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 3 {#lesson27.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_317}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">冬天</span><span class="encadrerouge">下雪</span>吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Dōng tiān</span> <span class="encadrerouge">xià xuě</span> ma?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">有时候<span class="encadrerouge">下雪</span> 。</span>                                    - <span class="pinyin">Yǒu shí hou <span class="encadrerouge">xià xuě</span>.</span>
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
N.

</td>
<td colspan="2">
V.

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">夏天</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">xià tiān</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">下雨</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">xià yǔ</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">春天</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">chūn tiān</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">刮风</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">guā fēng</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">秋天</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">qiū tiān</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">下雨</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">xià yǔ</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">冬天</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dōng tiān</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">刮风</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">guā fēng</span>

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<span id="lesson28.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 28 - Sports et Loisirs -
==============================

<div class="resume">

Quel est ton sport préféré? Joues-tu au football? Es-tu supporter de
football? Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_318}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   [Conversation 1 : Fais-tu du sport tous les
    jours?](#lesson28.xhtml#h1)
-   [Conversation 2 : Quel est ton sport préféré?](#lesson28.xhtml#h2)
-   [Conversation 3 : Joues-tu au football?](#lesson28.xhtml#h3)
-   [Conversation 4 : Es-tu supporter de football?](#lesson28.xhtml#h4)
-   [Grammaire](#lesson28.xhtml#h5)
-   [Exercices de substitution](#lesson28.xhtml#h6)

</div>

Conversation 1 : Fais-tu du sport tous les jours? {#lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_319}
-------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/28-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你每天锻炼身体吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ měi tiān duàn liàn shēn tǐ ma?</span>\
    - Fais-tu du sport tous les jours?
-   - <span class="hanzi">锻炼。我很喜欢运动。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Duàn liàn. Wǒ hěn xǐ huān yùn dòng.</span>\
    - Oui. J'aime beaucoup le sport.\

### Vocabulaire

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                            grammatical   
  --------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------
  <span class="hanzi">锻炼</span>   <span class="pinyin">duàn liàn</span>   (v)           faire de l'exercice

  <span class="hanzi">身体</span>   <span class="pinyin">shēn tǐ</span>     (n)           corps

  <span class="hanzi">运动</span>   <span class="pinyin">yùn dòng</span>    (n)           sports
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Quel est ton sport préféré? {#lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_320}
--------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/28-0.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你最喜欢什么运动？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ zuì xǐ huān shén me yùn dòng?</span>\
    - Quel est ton sport préféré?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我最喜欢打篮球和游泳。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ zuì xǐ huān dǎ lán qiú hé yóuyǒng.</span>\
    - (Les sports que je préfère sont) le basket et la natation.
-   - <span class="hanzi">你篮球打得怎么样？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ lán qiú dǎ de zěn me yàng?</span>\
    - Comment te débrouilles-tu en basket?
-   - <span class="hanzi">打得还可以，游泳也游得不错。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Dǎ de hái kěyǐ, yóu yǒng yě yóu
    de búcuò.</span>\
    - (Je joue) plutôt bien. Je ne nage pas mal non plus.\

### Vocabulaire

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                             grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- --------------------
  <span class="hanzi">打</span>       <span class="pinyin">dǎ</span>         (v)           pratiquer (sports)

  <span class="hanzi">篮球</span>     <span class="pinyin">lán qiú</span>    (n)           basketball

  <span class="hanzi">游泳</span>     <span class="pinyin">yóu yǒng</span>   (v)           nager

  <span class="hanzi">还可以</span>   <span class="pinyin">hái kěyǐ</span>   (adv)         plutôt bien
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : Joues-tu au football? {#lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_321}
--------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/28-0.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你会踢足球吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ huì tī zú qiú ma? </span>\
    - Sais-tu jouer au football?
-   - <span class="hanzi">不会可是我喜欢看足球比赛。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Bú huì, kě shì wǒ xǐ huān kàn zú qiú
    bǐ sài.</span>\
    - Non, mais j'aime bien regarder des matchs de foot.

### Vocabulaire

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                               Type\         Traduction
                                                                         grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------- -----------------------
  <span class="hanzi">踢</span>     <span class="pinyin">tī</span>       (v)           jouer (taper du pied)

  <span class="hanzi">足球</span>   <span class="pinyin">zú qiú</span>   (n)           football

  <span class="hanzi">可是</span>   <span class="pinyin">kě shì</span>   (conj)        mais, cependant

  <span class="hanzi">比赛</span>   <span class="pinyin">bǐ sài</span>   (n)           match, partie
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 4 : Es-tu supporter de football? {#lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_322}
---------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/28-0.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你是球迷吧？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ shì qiú mí ba?</span>\
    - Es-tu supporter de football?
-   - <span
    class="hanzi">对，每个星期天都去体育场。如果买不到票，就看电视。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Duì, měi gè xīng qī tiān dōu qù tǐ yù chǎng.
    Rú guǒ mǎi bú dào piào, jiù kàn diànshì.</span>\
    - Oui, je vais au stade tous les dimanches. Et si je n'arrive pas à
    acheter de billet pour le match, je le regarde à la télévision.
-   - <span class="hanzi">球票贵吗？多少钱一张？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Qiú piào guì ma? Duō shāo qián yì
    zhāng?</span>\
    - Les billets sont chers? Combien l'un?
-   - <span class="hanzi">不贵，差不多２０块钱 左右。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Bú guì, chà bù duō èr shí kuài qián
    zuǒ yòu.</span>\
    - Pas très cher, environ 20 Yuans.\

### Vocabulaire

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                               Pinyin                                    Type\         Traduction
                                                                                grammatical   
  ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- ------------- ------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">球迷</span>     <span class="pinyin">qiú mí</span>        (n)           supporter de football

  <span class="hanzi">对</span>       <span class="pinyin">qiū tiān</span>      (adj)         correct, oui

  <span class="hanzi">体育场</span>   <span class="pinyin">tǐ yù chǎng</span>   (n)           stade

  <span class="hanzi">如果</span>     <span class="pinyin">rú guǒ</span>        (conj)        si

  <span class="hanzi">票</span>       <span class="pinyin">piào</span>          (n)           billet

  <span class="hanzi">球票</span>     <span class="pinyin">qiú piào</span>      (n)           billet de football

  <span class="hanzi">差不多</span>   <span class="pinyin">chà bù duō</span>    (adv)         à peu près

  <span class="hanzi">左右</span>     <span class="pinyin">zuǒ yòu</span>       (n)           environ, plus ou moins
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_323}
---------

### Révision: le complément de degré <span class="hanzist">得</span> {#lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_324}

<div class="deux">

Sujet + Objet + Verbe + <span class="hanzist">得</span> + adjectif

</div>

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">你 篮球 打 得 怎么样？</span>\
    Comment joues-tu au basket?
-   <span class="hanzi">我 篮球 打 得 不错？</span>\
    Je ne joue pas mal au basket.\

</div>

### Révision: le complément de possibilité <span class="hanzist">得</span> ou <span class="hanzist">不</span> {#lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_325}

<div class="deux">

Sujet + Verbe + <span class="hanzist">得 / 不</span> + Verbe + Objet

</div>

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">我 买 不 到 球票。</span>\
    Je n'ai pas pu acheté de billet.
-   <span class="hanzi">我 买 得 到 球票。</span>\
    J'ai pu acheté un billet.\

</div>

### Syntaxe: si... alors. {#lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_326}

On utilise la construction <span class="hanzi">如果</span> (<span
class="pinyin">rúguǒ</span>, si)... + <span class="hanzi">就</span>
(<span class="pinyin">jiù</span>, alors) pour exprimer une condition et
son éventuelle conséquence.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">我 如果 买不到球票， 就看电视。</span>\
    Si je ne peux acheter de billet, alors je regarderai la télévision.
-   <span class="hanzi">如果 天气不好， 就不去。</span>\
    Si le temps n'est pas beau, n'y allons pas.\

</div>

Exercices de substitution {#lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_327}
-------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_328}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ xǐ huān shén me yùn dòng?</span>                                                                - <span class="hanzi">你喜欢什么运动？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ xǐ huān <span class="encadrerouge">dǎ</span> <span class="encadrerouge">lánqiú</span>.</span>   - <span class="hanzi">我喜欢<span class="encadrerouge">打</span><span class="encadrerouge">篮球</span> 。</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  ------------------------------- -------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ------------
  Verbe                                                            Sport                                                                           
  <span class="hanzi">打</span>   <span class="pinyin">dǎ</span>   <span class="hanzi">排球</span>     <span class="pinyin">pái qiú</span>         volleyball
  <span class="hanzi">打</span>   <span class="pinyin">dǎ</span>   <span class="hanzi">网球</span>     <span class="pinyin">wǎng qiú</span>        tennis
  <span class="hanzi">踢</span>   <span class="pinyin">tī</span>   <span class="hanzi">足球</span>     <span class="pinyin">zú qiú</span>          football
  <span class="hanzi">打</span>   <span class="pinyin">dǎ</span>   <span class="hanzi">乒乓球</span>   <span class="pinyin">pīng pāng qiú</span>   ping-pong
  ------------------------------- -------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ------------

### Exercice 2 {#lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_329}

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ <span class="encadrerouge">lán qiú</span> <span class="encadrerouge">dǎ</span> de zěn me yàng?</span>   - <span class="hanzi">你 <span class="encadrerouge">篮球</span> <span class="encadrerouge">打</span> 得 怎么样？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ <span class="encadrerouge">lán qiú</span> <span class="encadrerouge">dǎ</span> de hái kě yǐ.</span>     - <span class="hanzi">我<span class="encadrerouge"><span class="encadrerouge">篮球</span>打</span>得 还 可以。</span>
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  -------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- -----------
  Verbe                                                               Sport                                                                           

  <span class="hanzi">打</span>    <span class="pinyin">dǎ</span>\    <span class="hanzi">保龄球</span>     <span class="pinyin">bǎolíng qiú</span>   bowling
                                                                                                                                                      

  <span class="hanzi">打</span>\   <span class="pinyin">dǎ</span>\    <span class="hanzi">羽毛球</span>     <span class="pinyin">yǔmǎo qiú</span>     badminton
                                                                                                                                                      

  <span class="hanzi">踢</span>\   <span class="pinyin">tī</span>\    <span class="hanzi">足球</span>       <span class="pinyin">zú qiú</span>        football
                                                                                                                                                      

  <span class="hanzi">游</span>\   <span class="pinyin">yóu</span>\   <span class="hanzi">游泳</span>       <span class="pinyin">yóuyǒng</span>       natation
                                                                                                                                                      

  <span class="hanzi">打</span>    <span class="pinyin">dǎ</span>     <span class="hanzi">高尔夫球</span>   <span class="pinyin">gāoěrfū qiú</span>   golf\
                                                                                                                                                      
  -------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- -----------

### Exercice 3 {#lesson28.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_330}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ huì <span class="encadrerouge">tī</span> <span class="encadrerouge">zú qiú</span> ma?</span>   - <span class="hanzi">你会<span class="encadrerouge">踢</span>足球吗？</span>
  - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ bú huì <span class="encadrerouge">tī</span> <span class="encadrerouge">zú qiú</span>.</span>   - <span class="hanzi">我不会<span class="encadrerouge">踢</span><span class="encadrerouge">足球</span> 。</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  ------------------------------- --------------------------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- -------------------
  Verbe                                                             Sport                                                                   
  <span class="hanzi">打</span>   <span class="pinyin">dǎ</span>    <span class="hanzi">篮球</span>   <span class="pinyin">lánqiú</span>    jouer au basket
  <span class="hanzi">打</span>   <span class="pinyin">dǎ</span>    <span class="hanzi">排球</span>   <span class="pinyin">pái qiú</span>   jouer au volley
  <span class="hanzi">游</span>   <span class="pinyin">yóu</span>   <span class="hanzi">泳</span>     <span class="pinyin">yǒng</span>      nager
  <span class="hanzi">滑</span>   <span class="pinyin">huá</span>   <span class="hanzi">冰</span>     <span class="pinyin">bīng</span>      patiner (à glace)
  <span class="hanzi">滑</span>   <span class="pinyin">huá</span>   <span class="hanzi">雪</span>     <span class="pinyin">xuě</span>       skier
  ------------------------------- --------------------------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- -------------------

<span id="lesson29.xhtml"></span>

Leçon 29 - La comparaison
=========================

<div class="resume">

Sont-ils les mêmes? Il est plus grand que moi. À quelle heure ferme
votre échope? Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_331}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : Sont-ils les mêmes?
-   Conversation 2 : Il est plus grand que moi
-   Conversation 3 : À quelle heure ferme votre échope?
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de substitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : Sont-ils les mêmes? {#lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_332}
------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/29-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">我想给孩子买件衣服。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng gěi hái zi mǎi jiàn yīfu.</span>\
    - Je souhaite acheter un habit pour le petit.
-   - <span class="hanzi">您想买什么样的？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nín xiǎng mǎi shén me yàng de?</span>\
    - Quel genre d'habit (souhaites-tu acheter) ?
-   - <span class="hanzi">那样的。这件跟那件一样 ma?</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nà yàng de. Zhè jiàn gēn nà jiàn yí yàng
    ma?</span>\
    - Ce genre-là. Celui-ci et celui-là sont-ils identiques?
-   - <span class="hanzi">不一样。这是进口的。意大利的。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Bù yí yàng. Zhè shì jìn kóu de, Yì dà
    lì de.</span>\
    - Non. Celui-ci est importé. D'Italie.\

### Vocabulaire

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                Type\         Traduction
                                                                          grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------- ----------------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">给</span>     <span class="pinyin">gěi</span>       (prep)        pour

  <span class="hanzi">件</span>     <span class="pinyin">jiàn</span>      (m)           (classificateur pour les habits)

  <span class="hanzi">衣服</span>   <span class="pinyin">yī fu</span>     (n)           habit, vêtement

  <span class="hanzi">样</span>     <span class="pinyin">yàng</span>      (n)           apparence

  <span class="hanzi">跟</span>     <span class="pinyin">gēn</span>       (prep)        avec

  <span class="hanzi">一样</span>   <span class="pinyin">yí yàng</span>   (n)           identique

  <span class="hanzi">进口</span>   <span class="pinyin">jìn kǒu</span>   (n)           importer
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : Il est plus grand que moi. {#lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_333}
-------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/29-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">这件跟那件一样大吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Zhè jiàn gēn nà jiàn yí yàng dà ma? </span>\
    - Ces deux-là sont-ils de la même taille? (Celui-ci et celui-là sont
    aussi grands?)
-   - <span
    class="hanzi">一样大。都是中号的。你孩子比你高吗？长得胖不胖？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yí yàng da. dōu shì zhōng hào de. Nǐ hái zi
    bǐ nǐ gāo ma? Zhǎng de pàng bú pàng?</span>\
    - Oui, ce sont tout deux des taille moyenne. Votre enfant est-il
    plus grand que vous? Est-il gros? (A-t-il grandi gros?)
-   - <span
    class="hanzi">我１米６８。他比我高５公分。他长得没有我胖，比我瘦得多。他穿中号的小点儿。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ yī mǐ liù bā. Tā bǐ wǒ gāo wǔ gōngfēn. Tā
    zhǎng de méi yǒu wǒ pàng, bǐ wǒ shòu de duō. Tā chuān zhōng hào de
    xiǎo diǎnr.</span>\
    - Je mesure 1m68. Il est 5cm plus grand que mois. Il n'est pas aussi
    gros que moi. La taille moyenne est un peu petite pour lui. (Il met
    du taille moyenne un peu petit.)
-   - <span class="hanzi">他穿大号的比较合适。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Tā chuān dà hào de bǐ jiào hé shì.</span>\
    - La grande taille devrait lui aller.\

### Vocabulaire

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                  Type\         Traduction
                                                                            grammatical   
  --------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------- ------------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">中号</span>   <span class="pinyin">zhōng hào</span>   (n)           moyenne taille

  <span class="hanzi">比</span>     <span class="pinyin">bǐ</span>          (prep)        (préposition de comparaison)

  <span class="hanzi">高</span>     <span class="pinyin">gāo</span>         (adj)         haut, grand

  <span class="hanzi">长</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhǎng</span>       (v)           grandir

  <span class="hanzi">胖</span>     <span class="pinyin">pàng</span>        (adj)         gros, corpulent

  <span class="hanzi">米</span>     <span class="pinyin">mǐ</span>          (n)           mètre

  <span class="hanzi">公分</span>   <span class="pinyin">gōngfēn</span>     (n)           centimètre

  <span class="hanzi">瘦</span>     <span class="pinyin">shòu</span>        (adj)         mince

  <span class="hanzi">穿</span>     <span class="pinyin">chuān</span>       (v)           (habit) porter, mettre

  <span class="hanzi">大号</span>   <span class="pinyin">dà hào</span>      (n)           grande taille

  <span class="hanzi">合适</span>   <span class="pinyin">hé shì</span>      (adj)         (habit) aller
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 3 : À quelle heure ferme votre échope? {#lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_334}
---------------------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/29-03.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">你们商店几点关门？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐmen shāng diàn jǐ diǎn guān mén?</span>\
    - A quelle heure ferme votre boutique?
-   - <span class="hanzi">９点。我们关得比别人晚。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Jiǔ diǎn. Wǒ men guān de bǐ bié
    rén wǎn.</span>\
    - 9 heure. Nous fermons plus tard que les autres.\

### Vocabulaire

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                Type\         Traduction
                                                                          grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ------------- -------------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">关</span>     <span class="pinyin">guān</span>      (v)           fermer

  <span class="hanzi">门</span>     <span class="pinyin">mén</span>       (n)           porte

  <span class="hanzi">别</span>     <span class="pinyin">bié</span>       (adj)         autre

  <span class="hanzi">别人</span>   <span class="pinyin">bié rén</span>   (n)           quelqu'un d'autre, les autres

  <span class="hanzi">晚</span>     <span class="pinyin">wǎn</span>       (adj)         tard
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_335}
---------

### Comparaison: <span class="hanzist">一样</span> (<span class="pinyinst">yí yàng</span>) le même {#lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_336}

La construction <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span
class="pinyin">gēn</span>) <span class="hanzi">+ 一样</span> (<span
class="pinyin">yí yàng)</span> est utilisée pour affirmer que deux
choses sont identiques.

<div class="deux">

A　<span class="hanzist">跟</span>　B　<span class="hanzist">一样</span>
adjectif

</div>

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">这件 跟 那件一样 大？</span>\
    Celui-ci et celui-là sont-ils aussi grands?
-   <span class="hanzi">这件 跟 那件 不　一样 大？</span>\
    Celui-ci et celui-là ne sont-ils pas aussi grands?\

</div>

### Comparison: <span class="hanzist">比</span> (<span class="pinyinst">bǐ</span>) {#lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_337}

La préposition <span class="hanzi">比</span> (<span
class="pinyin">bǐ</span>) est utilisée pour comparer deux choses.

<div class="deux">

A　<span class="hanzist">比</span>　B adjectif

</div>

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">我　比　你　高。</span>\
    Je suis plus grand que toi.
-   <span class="hanzi">他　比　你　胖。</span>\
    Il est plus grand que toi.
-   <span class="hanzi">爸爸　比　妈妈　高。</span>\
    Papa est plus grand que Maman.\

</div>

### Comparaison (+ degré) {#lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_338}

Un complément de degré peut être ajouté après l'adjectif.

<div class="deux">

A　<span class="hanzist">比</span>　B adjectif + degré

</div>

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">我　比　你　搞　五公分。</span>\
    Je suis 5 cm plus grand que lui.
-   <span class="hanzi">他　比　我　胖　一点儿。</span>\
    Il est un peu plus gros que moi.\

</div>

### Comparaison verbale {#lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_339}

La préposition <span class="hanzi">比</span> peut aussi être utilisée
pour exprimer une comparaison dans des phrases où le prédicat est un
verbe.

<div class="deux">

A verbe　<span class="hanzist">得　比</span>　B adjectif (+ degré)

</div>

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">他　跑　得　比　我　快。</span>\
    Il court plus vite que moi.
-   <span class="hanzi">我们　关　得　比　别人　晚。</span>\
    Nous fermons plus tard que les autres.
-   <span class="hanzi">他　长　得　比　我　高　很多。</span>\
    Il "a grandit" plus beaucoup plus grand que moi.\

</div>

Exercices de substitution {#lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_340}
-------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_341}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你想给孩子买什么？</span>                                                                          - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ xiǎng gěi hái zi mǎi shénme?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我想给孩子买<span class="encadrerouge">件</span><span class="encadrerouge">衣服</span> 。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ xiǎng gěi hái zi mǎi <span class="encadrerouge">jiàn</span> <span class="encadrerouge">yīfu</span> .</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
Classificateur

</td>
<td colspan="3">
Nom

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">件</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">jiàn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">大衣</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dà yī</span>

</td>
<td>
manteau

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">件</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">jiàn</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">毛衣</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">máo yī</span>

</td>
<td>
pull

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">条</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tiáo</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">裙子</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">qún zi</span>

</td>
<td>
jupe

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">条</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tiáo</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">裤子</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">kù zi</span>

</td>
<td>
pantalons

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">顶</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dǐng</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">帽子</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">mào zi</span>

</td>
<td>
chapeau

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 2 {#lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_342}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">你孩子</span>比<span class="encadrerouge">你</span><span class="encadrerouge">高</span> 吗？</span>   - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Nǐ háizi</span> bǐ <span class="encadrerouge">nǐ</span> <span class="encadrerouge">gāo</span> ma?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">他比我高。</span>                                                                                                                - <span class="pinyin">Tā bǐ wǒ gāo.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
A

</td>
<td colspan="2">
B

</td>
<td colspan="2">
adj.

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">你</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">nǐ</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">他</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tā</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">胖</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">pàng</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">他</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tā</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">你</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">nǐ</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">瘦</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">shòu</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">中国</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Zhōngguó</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">法国</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Fǎguó</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">大</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dà</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">中国</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Zhōngguó</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">俄罗斯</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">Éluósī</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">小</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">xiǎo</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">你的书</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">nǐdeshū</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">我的书</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">wǒdeshū</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">多</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">duō</span>

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 3 {#lesson29.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_343}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你孩子比你<span class="encadrerouge">高</span>多少？</span>                                   - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ hái zi bǐ nǐ <span class="encadrerouge">gāo</span> duō shao?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">他比我<span class="encadrerouge">高</span><span class="encadrerouge">五公分</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Tā bǐ wǒ <span class="encadrerouge">gāo</span> <span class="encadrerouge">wǔ gōng fēn</span>.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
adjectif

</td>
<td colspan="3">
degré

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">矮</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">ǎi</span>

</td>
<td>
petit

</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">３公分</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">sān gōng fēn</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">高</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">gāo</span>

</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">５公分</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">wǔ gōng fēn</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">胖</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">pàng</span>

</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">一点儿</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yī diǎnr</span>

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">瘦</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">shòu</span>

</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">的多</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">de duō</span>

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<span id="lesson30.xhtml"></span>

À l'hôpital
===========

<div class="resume">

C'est grâve docteur? Grammaire, Exemples et Exercices.

</div>

Contenu de la leçon {#lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_344}
-------------------

<div class="contents">

-   Conversation 1 : À l'hôpital (Partie I)
-   Conversation 2 : À l'hôpital (Partie II)
-   Grammaire
-   Exercices de substitution

</div>

Conversation 1 : À l'hôpital (Partie I) {#lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_345}
---------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/30-01.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">小姐，我病了，挂个内科。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Xiǎo jiě, wǒ bìng le, guà gè neì kē.</span>\
    - Mademoiselle, je suis malade, je souhaite voir le médecin
    généraliste (s'enregistrer + médecine générale)?
-   - <span class="hanzi">５块。内科在３层。电梯在那儿</span>。\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǔ kuài. Neì kē zài sān céng. Diàn tī
    zài nàr.</span>\
    - 5 Yuans. Le département est au 3ème étage. L'ascensceur est là.
-   - <span class="hanzi">２８号。您哪儿不舒服？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Èr shí bā hào. Nín nǎr bù shū fu?</span>\
    - Numéro 28. Où ne vous sentez-vous pas bien?
-   - <span class="hanzi">我头疼，觉得浑身没劲儿。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ tóu téng, jué de hún shēn
    méi jìnr.</span>\
    - J'ai mal à la tête et l'impression que mon corps est sans énergie.
-   - <span class="hanzi">别站着，坐下说。发烧吗？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Bié zhàn zhe, zuò xià shuō. Fā shāo
    ma?</span>\
    - Ne restez-pas planté là, asseyez-vous et racontez-moi. Avez-vous
    de la température?
-   - <span class="hanzi">发烧，刚才试表３７度５。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Fā shāo, gāng cái shì biǎo sān shí qī ３７
    dù wǔ.</span>\
    - Oui, le termomètre indiquait 37°5 à l'instant.\

### Vocabulaire

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                 Type\         Traduction
                                                                           grammatical   
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------- ----------------------------
  挂                                <span class="pinyin">guà</span>        (v)           (à l'hôpital) s'enregister

  <span class="hanzi">内科</span>   <span class="pinyin">neì kē</span>     (n)           médecine générale

  <span class="hanzi">电梯</span>   <span class="pinyin">diàn tī</span>    (n)           ascenseur

  <span class="hanzi">舒服</span>   <span class="pinyin">shū fu</span>     (adj)         agréable

  <span class="hanzi">头</span>     <span class="pinyin">tóu</span>        (n)           tête

  <span class="hanzi">疼</span>     <span class="pinyin">téng</span>       (adj)         douloureux

  <span class="hanzi">浑身</span>   <span class="pinyin">hún shēn</span>   (n)           corps

  <span class="hanzi">劲儿</span>   <span class="pinyin">jìnr</span>       (n)           force, énergie

  <span class="hanzi">站</span>     <span class="pinyin">zhàn</span>       (v)           se tenir debout

  <span class="hanzi">发烧</span>   <span class="pinyin">fā shāo</span>    (v)           avoir de la fièvre

  <span class="hanzi">刚才</span>   <span class="pinyin">gāng cái</span>   (n)           à l'instant

  <span class="hanzi">试表</span>   <span class="pinyin">shì biǎo</span>   (n)           prendre la température
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Conversation 2 : À l'hôpital (Partie II) {#lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_346}
----------------------------------------

<audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/30-02.mp3">
</audio>
-   - <span class="hanzi">咳嗽不咳嗽？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Ké sou bù ké sou?</span>\
    - Toussez-vous?
-   - <span class="hanzi">咳嗽，挺厉害。大夫，什么病？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Késou, tǐng lì hai. Dài fu shén me
    bìng?</span>\
    - Terriblement. Qu'est-ce que j'ai docteur? (quelle maladie?)
-   - <span class="hanzi">感冒。你着凉了。吃些药吧。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Gǎn mào. Nǐ zháo liáng le. Chī xiē
    yào ba.</span>\
    - Un rhume. Vous avez pris froid. Vous prendrez (mangerez)
    quelques médicaments.
-   - <span class="hanzi">我不能吃中药。开西药吧。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ bù néng chī zhōng yào. Kāi xī yào ba.
    </span>\
    - Je ne peux pas prendre de médecine chinoise. (Pourriez-vous) me
    prescrire de la médecine occidentale?
-   - <span class="hanzi">给你药方。你去药房取药吧。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Gěi nǐ yào fāng. Nǐ qù yào fáng qǔ
    yào ba.</span>\
    - Voilà l'odonnance. Allez retirer vos médicaments à la pharmacie.
-   - <span class="hanzi">大夫，这些药怎么吃？</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Dài fu, zhè xiē yào zěn me chī?</span>\
    - Docteur, comment prendre ces médicaments.
-   - <span class="hanzi">１天３次，１次１片，饭后吃。</span>\
    - <span class="pinyin">Yì tiān sān cì, yí cì yí piàn, fàn
    hòu chī.</span>\
    - 3 fois par jour, un comprimé à chaque fois, après le repas.\

### Vocabulaire

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Hanzi                             Pinyin                                   Type\         Traduction
                                                                             grammatical   
  --------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------------------
  <span class="hanzi">咳嗽</span>   <span class="pinyin">ké sou</span>       (v)           tousser

  <span class="hanzi">挺</span>     <span class="pinyin">tǐng</span>         (adv)         beaucoup, très

  <span class="hanzi">厉害</span>   <span class="pinyin">lì hai</span>       (adj)         fort, terrible

  <span class="hanzi">病</span>     <span class="pinyin">bìng</span>         (n)           maladie

                                                                             (v)           être malade

  <span class="hanzi">感冒</span>   <span class="pinyin">gǎn mào</span>      (v)           rhume

  <span class="hanzi">着凉</span>   <span class="pinyin">zháo liáng</span>   (v)           prendre froid

  <span class="hanzi">药</span>     <span class="pinyin">yào</span>          (n)           médicament

  <span class="hanzi">中药</span>   <span class="pinyin">zhōng yào</span>    (n)           Médecine chinoise

  <span class="hanzi">开</span>     <span class="pinyin">kāi</span>          (v)           (médicament) prescrire

  <span class="hanzi">西药</span>   <span class="pinyin">xī yào</span>       (n)           Médecine occidentale

  <span class="hanzi">药方</span>   <span class="pinyin">yào fāng</span>     (n)           ordonnance

  <span class="hanzi">药房</span>   <span class="pinyin">yào fáng</span>     (n)           pharmacie

  <span class="hanzi">取</span>     <span class="pinyin">qǔ</span>           (v)           retirer

  <span class="hanzi">次</span>     <span class="pinyin">cì</span>           (n)           fois

  <span class="hanzi">片</span>     <span class="pinyin">piàn</span>         (m)           comprimé (classificateur)
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Grammaire {#lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_347}
---------

### Syntaxe {#lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_348}

Révision: sujet prédicat.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">你头疼。</span>\
    Ta tête est douloureuse / mal à la tête
-   <span class="hanzi">你肚子不舒服。</span>\
    Ton ventre n'est pas agréable / mal au ventre\

</div>

### La particule verbale 着 {#lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_349}

Lorsque la particule verbale 着 (zhe) est placée après le verbe, cela
indique une action en cours.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">他站着。</span>\
    Il se tient debout.
-   <span class="hanzi">你坐着说。</span>\
    Il parle assis.\

</div>

### Le complément verbal 下 {#lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_350}

下 (xià) peut-être utilisé comme un complément au verbe pour indiquer
une direction.

Exemples:

<div class="exemple">

-   <span class="hanzi">你坐下说。</span>\
    Assieds-toi pour parler.
-   <span class="hanzi">你放下。</span>\
    Laisse tomber!\

</div>

Exercices de substitution {#lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_351}
-------------------------

### Exercice 1 {#lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_352}

  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你挂什么科？</span>                                     - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ guà shén me kē?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我挂个<span class="encadrerouge">内科</span>。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ guà gè <span class="encadrerouge">neì kē</span>.</span>
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Sub.

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">外科</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">wài kē</span>

</td>
<td>
chirurgie

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">眼科</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yǎn kē</span>

</td>
<td>
ophtalmologie

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">妇科</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fù kē</span>

</td>
<td>
gynécologie

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">牙科</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yá kē</span>

</td>
<td>
dentisterie

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 2 {#lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_353}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你哪儿不舒服？</span>                               - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ nǎr bú shūfú?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我<span class="encadrerouge">头</span>疼。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ <span class="encadrerouge">tóu</span> téng.</span>
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Sub.

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">肚子</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">dù zi</span>

</td>
<td>
ventre

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">眼睛</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yǎn jing</span>

</td>
<td>
œil

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">鼻子</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">bí zi</span>

</td>
<td>
nez

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">心脏</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">xīn zàng</span>

</td>
<td>
cœur

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">牙</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">yá</span>

</td>
<td>
dent

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">腿</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tuǐ</span>

</td>
<td>
jambe

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">胃</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">weì</span>

</td>
<td>
estomac

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">喉咙</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">hóu lóng</span>

</td>
<td>
gorge

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
### Exercice 3 {#lesson30.xhtml#sigil_toc_id_354}

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  - <span class="hanzi">你<span class="encadrerouge">发烧</span>吗？</span>    - <span class="pinyin">Nǐ <span class="encadrerouge">fā shāo </span>ma?</span>
  - <span class="hanzi">我不<span class="encadrerouge">发烧</span> 。</span>   - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ bú <span class="encadrerouge">fā shāo</span>.</span>
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\

<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
Sub.

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">咳嗽</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">ké sou</span>

</td>
<td>
tousser

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">发烧</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">fā shāo</span>

</td>
<td>
(avoir de la) fièvre

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">拉肚子</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">lā dù zi</span>

</td>
<td>
(avoir de la) diahrée

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<span class="hanzi">\
吐</span>

</td>
<td>
<span class="pinyin">tù</span>

</td>
<td>
vomir

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<span id="lesson31.xhtml"></span>

Table de prononciation du Pinyin -
==================================

<div class="resume">

Table de prononciation du Pinyin Méthode de chinois mandarin Règle de
prononciation du pinyin, avec pour chaque son 2 fichiers audio en
exemple et la comparaison avec des mots français.

</div>

<table class="table1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>
Lettre

</th>
<th>
Mots français

</th>
<th>
Exemple 1

</th>
<th>
Exemple 2

</th>
<th>
Remarque

</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
b

</td>
<td>
beau

</td>
<td>
[bā](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/191lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[bǐ](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/48jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
(très proche du "p")

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
p

</td>
<td>
peau

</td>
<td>
[péi](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound3a/3560am.wav)

</td>
<td>
[pǐ](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1b/1607lyz.wav)

</td>
<td>
(pei et bei sont souvent deux prononciations possibles d'un même
caractère)

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
m

</td>
<td>
mot

</td>
<td>
[mò](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1d/1862ls.wav)

</td>
<td>
[mén](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/577am.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
f

</td>
<td>
faux

</td>
<td>
[fā](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound6a/6152jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[fèn](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/198lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
d

</td>
<td>
dos

</td>
<td>
[duō](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/432fx.wav)

</td>
<td>
[dāng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/771yr.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
t

</td>
<td>
tôt

</td>
<td>
[tā](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/54jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[tiān](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/428lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
(tian et dian sont parfois difficilement différenciables)

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
n

</td>
<td>
nos

</td>
<td>
[nǐ](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/14am.wav)

</td>
<td>
[nà](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0d/82wt.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
l

</td>
<td>
lot

</td>
<td>
[lán](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1d/1103ch.wav)

</td>
<td>
[lǎo](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/901am.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
g

</td>
<td>
gaule

</td>
<td>
[gāi](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound5d/5859wt.wav)

</td>
<td>
[gōng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/591fx.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
k

</td>
<td>
koala

</td>
<td>
[kē](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/52jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[kaò](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound6c/6698ls.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
h

</td>
<td>
rat

</td>
<td>
[hái](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/47lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[Huáng Hé](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0d/102wt.wav)

</td>
<td>
(très gutural, proche du "r" français)

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
j

</td>
<td>
Anglais: jeep

</td>
<td>
[jiē](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1a/1153ld.wav)

</td>
<td>
[jú](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound6a/6802jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
(plus léger que le "zh")

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
q

</td>
<td>
Anglais: cheer

</td>
<td>
[qián](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1b/1039am.wav)

</td>
<td>
[qiē](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound2b/2151lyz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
x

</td>
<td>
chat

</td>
<td>
[xiān](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/927jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[xièxie](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/141lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
(plus léger que le "sh")

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
zh

</td>
<td>
Anglais: junk

</td>
<td>
[zhaō](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1d/1763ls.wav)

</td>
<td>
[zhěng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound6d/6731ch.wav)

</td>
<td>
(rétro)

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ch

</td>
<td>
Anglais: church

</td>
<td>
[chángcháng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound2b/2889lyz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[chéng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1d/1481ls.wav)

</td>
<td>
(rétro)

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
sh

</td>
<td>
Anglais: shirt

</td>
<td>
[shì](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/62lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[shū](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/69jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
(rétro)

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
r

</td>
<td>
gens

</td>
<td>
[rén](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/90lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[ròu](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound4c/4394wt.wav)

</td>
<td>
(rétro) ressemble au "j" français

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
z

</td>
<td>
Anglais: reads

</td>
<td>
[zaì](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/179jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[zǎn](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound2b/2238lyz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
c

</td>
<td>
Anglais: hats

</td>
<td>
[cǎo](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1a/1356jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[cí](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/722fx.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
s

</td>
<td>
sot

</td>
<td>
[sān](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/178lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[sòng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/601jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
y

</td>
<td>
Anglais: yeah

</td>
<td>
[yǎn](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1a/1662ld.wav)

</td>
<td>
[yéye](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1d/1279ch.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
w

</td>
<td>
Anglais: way

</td>
<td>
[wèn](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/158jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[wǔ](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/168lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="5">
Voyelles

</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
a

</td>
<td>
chat

</td>
<td>
[tā](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/54am.wav)

</td>
<td>
[mǎ](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1a/1144ld.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
o

</td>
<td>
Anglais: saw

</td>
<td>
[mò](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1d/1862ls.wav)

</td>
<td>
[pō](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1b/1645lyz.wav)

</td>
<td>
(entre le "o" et le "a")

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
e

</td>
<td>
le

</td>
<td>
[zhè](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/61am.wav)

</td>
<td>
[chē](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0d/83wt.wav)

</td>
<td>
(gutural)

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
i

</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
[zhi1](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/150jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[cì](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound2c/2935ls.wav)

</td>
<td>
(après z, c, s, zh, ch, sh, r, comme un "e" très sec)

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
i

</td>
<td>
lit

</td>
<td>
[tǐ](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/545fx.wav)

</td>
<td>
[qi1](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/196lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
(après les autres consonnes)

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
u

</td>
<td>
loup

</td>
<td>
[lù](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/406fx.wav)

</td>
<td>
[jú](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound6a/6802jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ü

</td>
<td>
lune

</td>
<td>
[lǜ](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/349jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[nǚ](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/214lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5" align="center">
\

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
er

</td>
<td>
heure

</td>
<td>
[èr](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/183jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[ér](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1a/1744ld.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ai

</td>
<td>
paille

</td>
<td>
[hái](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/312am.wav)

</td>
<td>
[baǐ](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/969lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ei

</td>
<td>
paye

</td>
<td>
[méi](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/283fx.wav)

</td>
<td>
[geǐ](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/298ch.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ao

</td>
<td>
Anglais: now

</td>
<td>
[hǎo](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/11am.wav)

</td>
<td>
[zaō](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound2a/2762jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ou

</td>
<td>
oh

</td>
<td>
[doū](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/50lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[zhoū](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1c/1317lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
(entre le "o" et le "ou")

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
an

</td>
<td>
Anne

</td>
<td>
[sǎn](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound2a/2013am.wav)

</td>
<td>
[wǎn](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0d/739ch.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
en

</td>
<td>
Anglais: turn

</td>
<td>
[wén](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound2b/2636lyz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[fen3](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound2a/2623jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5" align="center">
\

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ang

</td>
<td>
temps

</td>
<td>
[wàng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/854fx.wav)

</td>
<td>
[tāng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0d/743ch.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
eng

</td>
<td>
Anglais: sung

</td>
<td>
[zhèng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1d/1046ch.wav)

</td>
<td>
[céng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/176lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ong

</td>
<td>
ton

</td>
<td>
[zhōng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/892am.wav)

</td>
<td>
[sòng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/601jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ia

</td>
<td>
Asiatique

</td>
<td>
[jiā](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0d/273wt.wav)

</td>
<td>
[xià](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1a/1159ld.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ie

</td>
<td>
yéti

</td>
<td>
[jiē](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1a/1153ld.wav)

</td>
<td>
[qiē](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound2b/2151lyz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
iao

</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
[qiǎo](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/237lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[jiaō](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/331jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
iu

</td>
<td>
Anglais: yo

</td>
<td>
[jiù](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/353lz.wav) /
[jiǔ](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/21jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[liú](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1d/1197wt.wav) /
[xiū](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1a/1157ld.wav)

</td>
<td>
(peut varier selon la consonne)

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ian

</td>
<td>
chienne

</td>
<td>
[tiān](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/428fx.wav)

</td>
<td>
[diǎn](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/373jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
in

</td>
<td>
fine

</td>
<td>
[qīn](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound2d/2515ls.wav)

</td>
<td>
[jin4](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/135jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5" align="center">
\

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
iang

</td>
<td>
i + yang

</td>
<td>
[liáng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/950lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[xiǎng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0d/294wt.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ing

</td>
<td>
Anglais: sing

</td>
<td>
[tīng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/498jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[bìng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/931lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
iong

</td>
<td>
Allemand: Jünger

</td>
<td>
[xióng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound7d/7450wt.wav)

</td>
<td>
[qióng
rén](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound3a/3609am.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ua

</td>
<td>
loi

</td>
<td>
[huà](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/915lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[zhuā](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1a/1572ld.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
uo

</td>
<td>
Anglais: wall

</td>
<td>
[guó](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/89lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[cuò](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1d/1171wt.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
uai

</td>
<td>
Anglais: wife

</td>
<td>
[kuaì](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/730fx.wav)

</td>
<td>
[guaǐ](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound4c/4941jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
uan

</td>
<td>
Anglais: one

</td>
<td>
[yuán](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0c/9am.wav)

</td>
<td>
[zhuǎn](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound4b/4135lyz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
un

</td>
<td>
Anglais: went

</td>
<td>
[cùn](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound7a/7664jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[kǔn](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound6a/6090jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
uang

</td>
<td>
oo+ahng

</td>
<td>
[zhuàng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound5b/5821lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[guǎng](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0b/335am.wav)

</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
üe

</td>
<td>
ü+eh

</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
üan

</td>
<td>
ü+an

</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ün

</td>
<td>
lune

</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
kongr

</td>
<td>
long

</td>
<td>
[yoǔ
kòngr](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound4d/4019ls.wav)

</td>
<td>
[kòngr](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0d/552wt.wav)

</td>
<td>
("n" léger)

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
wanr

</td>
<td>
w + ar

</td>
<td>
[wánr](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound0a/699fx.wav)

</td>
<td>
[wánr](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound2a/2766jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
("n" silencieux)

</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
dianr

</td>
<td>
d + yar

</td>
<td>
[diǎnr](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound3a/3014jz.wav)

</td>
<td>
[yoǔ yí
diǎnr](http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/Language/Sound1c/1303lz.wav)

</td>
<td>
("n" silencieux)

</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
