Chinese Words Pinyin Part of Speech Engl. Trans. Examples ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 点燃 diănrán v. to light, to kindle, to ignite 启蒙 qĭméng v. o. to instruct the young, to initiate 火炬 huŏj n. torch 慎 shèn adj. cautious 湮没 yānm v. to fall into oblivion 彰 zhāng adj. clear, evident, conspicuous 人类 rénlèi n. human beings/species 大炮 dàpào n. artillery 轰 hōng v. to bomb 觉悟 juéw v., n. to come to understand, to realize; consciousness 先贤 xiānxián n. ancient sage 解放 jiĕfàng v. to liberate 奋斗 fèndòu v. to struggle, to fight, to strive 目标 mùbiāo n. objective, target, goal 超越 chāoyu v. to exceed 达到 dádào v. to achieve, to reach 从来 cónglái adv. always, at all times 宽 kuān adj. wide, broad 窄 zhăi adj. narrow 窄义 zhăiy n. narrow sense 游行 yóuxìng v. to parade, to march 除 ch v. to get rid off, to eliminate 国贼 guózéi n. traitor 抗 kàng v. to resist, to fight 强权 qiángquán n. power, might 传单 chuándān n. leaflet 北洋 bĕiyáng n. Qing name for coastal provinces of Liaoning, Hebei, and Shandong 主权 zhŭquán n. sovereign rights, soverignty 无理 wúl adj. unreasonable, unjustifiable 广义 guăngy n. broad sense 大体上 dàtĭshàng adv. generally 陈独秀 Chén Dúxi n. (1879-1942) May Fourth leader; a founder and first General Secretary of CCP 创办 chuàngbàn v. to establish, to set up 礼教 lĭjiào n. Confucian ethical code 声威 shēngwēi n. fame and influence 继起 jìq v. to continue, to succeed 历次 lìc? n. all previous occasions/events 群众 qúnzhòng n. the mass/People 确定 quèdìng v. to define, to determine 白话文 báihuàwén n. vernacular prose 推行 tuīxìng v. to carry out, to practice 扎 zh v. to prick, to pierce 不可逆转 bùk?nìzhuăn set phrase irreversible 思潮 sīcháo n. trends of thought, ideological trend 规模 guīm n. scale, scope 导源 d6aoyuán v. o. to originate, to derive 国民党 Guómìndăng n. Kuomintang (KMT), Nationalist party 改组 găiz v.o. to reorganize, to reshuffle 共产党 Gòngchăndăng n. Communist Party 成立 chéngl v. to found, to establish 新文化运动 Xīn wénhu? yùndòng n. New Culture Movement 理性 lĭxìng n. reason, rationality 禁锢 jìn'g v. to confine, to imprison 专制 zhuānzh n. autocracy 蒙昧 méngmèi adj. ignorant, benighted 自从 zìcóng prep. since 秦始皇 Qìngshĭhuáng n. First Emperor of Qin (259-210 B.C.) 统一 tŏngy v. to unify, to unite, to integrate 核心 héxīn n. nucleus, core, kernel 衍生 yănshēng v. to derive 先进 xiānjìn adj. advanced 潮流 cháoli n. tide, trend 对立面 duìlìmiàn n. opposite, antithesis 德先生 D? xiānsheng n. Mr. Democracy 赛先生 Sài xiānsheng n. Mr. Science 创刊号 chuàngkānhào n. first issue 露 l v. to show, to reveal 端倪 duānn n. clue, inkling 揭示 jiēsh v. to reveal 办刊 bànkān v.o. to publish journals/periodicals 宗旨 zōngzh n. aim, purpose 自主 zìzh v. to be one's own master 奴隶 núl n. slave 进步 jìnb v., adj. to progress; progressive 保守 băoshŏu adj. conservative 进取 jìnq v. to keep forging ahead 退隐 tuìyĭn v.o. to retire from public life 锁国 suŏgu v.o. to close the country 想象 xiăngxiàng v. to imagine 倾向 qīngxiàng n. tendency, trend 正 zhèng adj. correct, orthodox 脉 mài n. arteries and veins; pulse 自由主义 zìyóu-zhŭy n. liberalism 个人主义 gèrén-zhŭy n. individualism 担 dān v. take on shoulder pole, take on 干系 gānx n. responsibility 祈求 qĭqi v. to supplicate 护法 hùf v.o. to protect the constitutional law 蔡元培 Cài Yuánpéi n. May Fourth leader. President of Peking University 出任 chūrèn v. to take up the post of 校长 xiàozhăng n. principal, president 兼容并包 jiāróng-bìngbāo set phrase to be tolerant, to be open-minded 策源地 cèyuánd n. place of origin 杰出 jiéch adj. outstanding, remarkable 开山大师 kāishān-dàsh noun phrase founder of religious sect, ect. 扭曲 niŭq v. to distort 阿Q ā Q n. the main character of Lu Xun's short story "The True Story of Ah-Q" 狂人日记 Kuángrén rìj n. "Madman's Diary", written in 1919 by Lu Xun, the first vernacular story in Chinese history 汗 hàn n. sweat 代价 dàiji n. cost, price 可观 kèguān adj. considerable, impressive 遗毒 yìd n. evil legacy 根深蒂固 gēnshēn-dìg set phrase deep-rooted, inveterate 全球化 quánqiúhu n. globalization 浪潮 làngcháo n. tide, trend 汹涌 xiōngyŏng adj. tempestuous, turbulent 拍 pāi v. to tap, to clap 岸 àn n. bank of river 信念 xìnniàn n. faith, belief, conviction 当务之急 dāngw?zhīj noun phrase vital matter of immediate urgency 粹 cu n. essence, the best