Lesson 31

Dialogue

English

We took a seventeen hour flight;

(In the CAAC's flight, to the left of Ding Renmei is her boyfriend Xie Xueyou, to her right is a young man about thirty years old. This young man looks Chinese. He nods at Xiaoding and her boyfriend politely. )

The young man: Hi!

Xiaoding: Hello. May I ask, are you Chinese?

The young man: Yes. (I) didn't expect that you can speak Chinese. Your Chinese pronunciation is very standard.

Xiaoding: No, not at all.

The young man: For how long have you studied Chinese?

Xiaoding: I have studied Chinese for two years in my university. (I) don't speak well. So, this time, I am going to Beijing University to attend a short-term language training program with my boyfriend.

The young man: That's great. Beijing University just happens to be my alma mater. Before I came to the U.S., I studied in the Computer Science Department at Beijing University for four years.

Xueyou: How long have you been in the U.S.?

The young man: For over six years. Now I am working in an American company. This time I am going back to China on a business trip. I can also take the opportunity to see my parents and friends.

Xueyou: Do you often go back to China?

The young man: No. This is my first time to go back to China.

Xiaoding: Then, your mom and dad must be very happy.

The young man: Right. They will both come to the airport to pick me up. Is there anyone to pick you up?

Xueyou: Yes. Teacher Liu from the Foreign Affairs Office of Beijing University will pick us up.

The young man: That's good. (We) have a few more minutes before we arrive in Beijing. I hope everything goes well for your stay in Beijing!

Xiaoding, Xueyou: Thank you. (We) also wish everything goes well for you!

(At the exit of the Beijing International Airport, Xiaoding and Xueyou met Teacher Liu from the Foreign Affairs Office of Beijing University.)

Xiaoding: Are you Teacher Liu from the Foreign Affairs Office of Beijing University?

Teacher Liu: Right. You must be Ding Renmei and Xie Xueyou.

Xueyou, Xiaoding: Yes. Hello, Teacher Liu!

Teacher Liu: Hello. Welcome to Beijing! You must have had a tiring journey! From New York to Beijing, how long were you on the plane (how long was the flight)?

Xiaoding: We took a seventeen hour flight (on the plane for seventeen hours).

Teacher Liu: O.K. Let's get in the car. You can take a good rest as soon as you arrive at school.

Simplified

我们坐了十七个小时飞机;

(在中国民航的班机上, 丁人美的左边是她的男朋友谢学友, 右边是一个三

十岁左右的年轻人。 这个年轻人长得很像中国人。 他很有礼貌地对小丁

和她的男朋友点点头。)

年轻人：Hi！

小丁：你好！请问, 你是中国人吗？

年轻人：是。 没想到你会说中文。 你的中文发音很标准。

小丁：哪里哪里。

年轻人：你学了多长时间的中文了？

小丁：我在大学学了两年的中文了。 说得不太好, 所以这次和我的男朋友一起去北京大学参加一个短期语言训练班。

年轻人：那太好了。 北京大学正是我的母校。 我来美国以前, 在北京大学的计算机系学了四年。

学友：你在美国呆了多长时间？

年轻人：六年多了。 现在我在一家美国公司工作, 这次回国是出差, 顺便也看看父母和朋友们。

学友：你常回中国吗？

年轻人：不。 这是我第一次回中国。

小丁：那你爸爸﹑妈妈一定很高兴。

年轻人：对。 他们都会来机场接我。 有人接你们吗？

学友：有。 北京大学外事办的刘老师会来接我们。

年轻人：那就好。 还有几分钟就要到北京了。 祝你们在北京一切顺利！

小丁﹑学友：谢谢。 也祝你一切顺利！

(在北京国际机场的出口处, 小丁和学友见到了北京大学外事办的刘老师。)

小丁：您是北京大学外事办的刘老师吧？

刘老师：对。 你们一定是丁人美和谢学友。

学友﹑小丁：是的。 刘老师好！

刘老师：你们好！欢迎你们来北京！路上辛苦了! 从纽约到北京, 你们坐了多长时间的飞机？

小丁：我们坐了十七个小时的飞机。

刘老师：好, 请上车吧。到了学校你们就可以好好休息一下儿了。

Traditional

初級第三十一課: 對話 我們坐了十七個小時飛機

(在中國民航的班機上﹐丁人美的左邊是她的男朋友謝學友﹐右邊是一個三十歲左右的年輕人。 這個年輕人長得很像中國人。 他很有禮貌地對小丁和她的男朋友點點頭。)

年輕人﹕Hi﹗

小丁﹕你好﹗請問﹐你是中國人嗎﹖

年輕人﹕是。 沒想到你會說中文。 你的中文發音很標準。

小丁﹕哪裡哪裡。

年輕人﹕你學了多長時間的中文了﹖

小丁﹕我在大學學了兩年的中文了。 說得不太好﹐所以這次和我的男朋友一起去北京大學參加一個短期語言訓練班。

年輕人﹕那太好了。 北京大學正是我的母校。 我來美國以前﹐在北京大學的計算機系學了四年。

學友﹕你在美國呆了多長時間﹖

年輕人﹕六年多了。 現在我在一家美國公司工作﹐這次回國是出差﹐順便也看看父母和朋友們。

學友﹕你常回中國嗎﹖

年輕人﹕不。 這是我第一次回中國。

小丁﹕那你爸爸﹑媽媽一定很高興。

年輕人﹕對。 他們都會來機場接我。 有人接你們嗎﹖

學友﹕有。 北京大學外事辦的劉老師會來接我們。

年輕人﹕那就好。 還有幾分鐘就要到北京了。 祝你們在北京一切順利﹗

小丁﹑學友﹕謝謝。 也祝你一切順利﹗

(在北京國際機場的出口處﹐小丁和學友見到了北京大學外事辦的劉老師。)

小丁﹕您是北京大學外事辦的劉老師吧﹖

劉老師﹕對。 你們一定是丁人美和謝學友。

學友﹑小丁﹕是的。 劉老師好﹗

劉老師﹕你們好﹗歡迎你們來北京﹗路上辛苦了! 從紐約到北京﹐你們坐了多長時間的飛機﹖

小丁﹕我們坐了十七個小時的飛機。

劉老師﹕好﹐請上車吧。到了學校你們就可以好好休息一下兒了。

初级第三十一课: 对话 我们坐了十七个小时飞机

Pinyin

Wǒmen Zuò Le Shíqī Ge Xiǎoshí Fēijī;

(Zài Zhōngguo mínháng de bānjī shang, Dīng Rénměi de zuǒbiān shì tā de nán péngyou Xiè Xuéyǒu, yòubiān shì yí ge sānshí suì zuǒyòu de niánqīng réen. Zhè ge niánqīng rén zhǎng de hěn xiàng Zhōngguo rén. Tā hěn yǒu lǐmào de duì Xiǎo Dīng hé tā de nán péngyou diǎndiǎn tóu.)

Niánqīng rén: Hi!

Xiǎo Dīng: Nǐ hǎo! Qǐngwèn, nǐ shì Zhōngguo rén ma?

Niánqīng rén: Shì. Méi xiǎng dào nǐ huì shuō Zhōngwén. Nǐ de Zhōngwén fāyīn hěn biāozhǔn.

Xiǎo Dīng: Nǎlǐ nǎlǐ.

Niánqīng rén: Nǐ xué le duōcháng shíjiān de Zhōngwén le ?

Xiǎo Dīng: Wǒ zài dàxué xué le liǎng nián de Zhōngwén le. Shuō de bú tài hǎo, suǒyǐ zhè cì hé wǒ de nán péngyou yìqǐ qù Běijīng dàxué cānjiā yí ge duǎnqī yǔyán xùnliàn bān.

Niánqīng rén: Nà tài hǎo le. Běijīng dàxué zhèng shì wǒ de mǔxiào. Wǒ lái Měiguo yǐqián, zài Běijīng dàxué de jìsuànjī xì xué le sì nián.

Xiǎo Dīng: Nǐ zài Měiguo dāi le duōcháng shíjiān ?

Niánqīng rén: Liù nián duō le. Xiànzài wǒ zài yì jiā Měiguo gōngsī gōngzuò, zhè cì huí guó shì chūuchāi, shùnbiàn yě kànkan fùmǔ hé péngyoumen.

Xiǎo Dīng: Nǐ cháng huí Zhōngguo ma ?

Niánqīng rén: Bù. Zhè shì wǒ dì yī cì huí Zhōngguo.

Xiǎo Dīng: Nà nǐ bàba māma yídìng hěn gāoxìng.

Niánqīng rén: Duì. Tāmen dōu huì lái jīchǎng jiē wǒ. Yǒu rén jiē nǐmen ma ?

Xuéyǒu: Yǒu. Běijīng dàxué wàishìbàn de Liú lǎoshī huì lái jiē wǒmen.

Niánqīng rén: Nà jiù hǎao. Háiyǒu jǐ fēnzhōng jiù yào dào Běijīng le. Zhù nǐmen zài Běijīng yíqiè shùnlì!

Xiǎo Dīng, Xuéyǒu: Yě zhù nǐ yíqiè shùnlì!

(Zài Běijīng guójì jīchǎng de chūkǒuchù, Xiǎo Dīng hé Xuéyǒu jiàndào le Běijīng dàxué

wàishìbàn de Liú lǎoshī.)

Xiǎo Dīng: Nín shì Běijīng dàxué wàishìbàn de Liú lǎoshī ba?

Liú Lǎoshī:Duì. Nǐmen yídìng shì Dīng Rénměi hé Xiè Xuéyǒu.

Xiǎo Dīng, Xuéyǒu: Shì de. Liú lǎoshī hǎo!

Liú Lǎoshī:Nǐmen hǎo! Huānying nǐmen lái Běijīng! Lùshang xīnkǔ le! Cóng Niǔyuē dào Běijīng, nǐmen zuò le duōcháng shíjiān de fēijī?

Xiǎo Dīng: Wǒmen zuò le shíqī ge xiǎoshí de fēijī.

Liú Lăoshi:Hăo, qĭng shàng chē ba. Dào le xuéxiào nĭmen jiù kĕyĭ hăohāor xiūxi yíxiàr le.

Text

English

Just arrived in Beijing;

The plane that Xie Xueyou and Ding Renmei took landed safely at Beijing International Airport. Xueyou looked at his watch, from NewYork to Beijing, the plane flew for over ten hours. China is really too far away from the U.S..

When Xueyou and Xiaoding walked into the Customs hall, they were very surprised! The Beijing International Airport is really big and beautiful. When they were in the States, Teacher Wang told them that in recent years, Beijing has changed a lot; the International Airport is also a new modern airport.

Xueyou and Xiaoding went out of Customs, and saw Teacher Liu from the Foreign Affairs Office of Beijing University. They all got in a car. On the highway from the airport to Beijing downtown, Xueyou and Xiaoding saw a lot of cars, (they) also saw a lot of beautiful tall buildings. Teacher Liu told them Beijing is the political, cultural and economic center of China. It has a population of over 10 million. In addition, Beijing attracts more than 100, 000 foreign tourists from all over the world every year. It is also a tourist resort.

From the airport to Beijing Universtiy, the car drove for one and a half hours. When they arrived at the university, it was already past 8:00pm. Teacher Liu arranged for them to stay in the foreign students dormitory. Teacher Liu told them to rest early today. He would take them to do the registration the next day.

Simplified

初到北京;

谢学友和丁人美乘坐的飞机平安地降落在北京国际机场。 学友看了一下儿手錶, 从纽约到北京, 飞机飞了十多个小时。 中国离美国实在太远了。 当学友和小丁走进海关大厅的时候, 他们都非常惊讶！北京国际机场真大, 真漂亮。在美国的时候, 王老师就告诉他们, 这几年北京的变化非常大, 国际机场也是一座现代化的新机场。 学友和小丁出了海关, 见到了北京大学外事办的刘老师。 大家一起上了车。在从机场到北京城里的高速公路上, 学友和小丁看到了很多汽车, 也看到了很多漂亮的高层建筑。 刘老师告诉他们, 北京是中国的政治, 经济和文化中心, 有一千多万人口。 此外, 北京每年吸引十多万来自世界各地的游客, 也是一个旅游胜地。 从机场到北京大学, 汽车开了一个半小时。 学友和小丁到学校的时候, 已经是晚上八点多了。 刘老师安排他们住在留学生宿舍。 刘老师告诉他们, 今天早点儿休息, 明天再带他们办理报到注册的手续。

Traditional

初到北京;

謝學友和丁人美乘坐的飛機平安地降落在北京國際機場。 學友看了一下兒手錶﹐從紐約到北京﹐飛機飛了十多個小時。 中國離美國實在太遠了。 當學友和小丁走進海關大廳的時候﹐他們都非常驚訝﹗北京國際機場真大﹐真漂亮。在美國的時候﹐王老師就告訴他們﹐這幾年北京的變化非常大﹐國際機場也是一座現代化的新機場。 學友和小丁出了海關﹐ 見到了北京大學外事辦的劉老師。 大家一起上了車。在從機場到北京城里的高速公路上﹐ 學友和小丁看到了很多汽車﹐也看到了很多漂亮的高層建築。 劉老師告訴他們﹐北京是中國的政治﹐經濟和文化中心﹐有一千多萬人口。 此外﹐北京每年吸引十多萬來自世界各地的游客﹐也是一個旅游勝地。 從機場到北京大學﹐汽車開了一個半小時。 學友和小丁到學校的時候﹐已經是晚上八點多了。 劉老師安排他們住在留學生宿舍。 劉老師告訴他們﹐今天早點兒休息﹐明天再帶他們辦理報到註冊的手續。

Pinyin

Chū Dào Běijīng;

Xiè Xuéyǒu hé Dīng Rénměi chéng zuò de fēijī píng’ān de jiàngluò zài Běijīng guójì jīchǎng. Xuéyǒu kàn le yí xiàr shǒubiǎo, cóng Niǔyuē dào Běijīng, fēijī fēi le shí duō ge xiǎoshí. Zhōngguo lí Měiguo shízài tài yuǎn le. Dāng Xuéyǒu hé Xiǎo Dīng zǒu jìn hǎiguān dàtīng deshíhou, tāmen dōu fēicháng jīngyà ! Běijīng guójì jīchǎng zhēn dà, zhēn piàoliang. Zài Měiguo deshíhou, Wǎng lǎoshī jiù gàosu tāmen, zhè jǐ nián Běijīng de biànhuà fēicháng dà, guójì jīcháng yě shì yí zuò xiàndàihuà de xīn jīchǎng. Xuéyǒu hé Xiǎo Dīng chū le hǎiguān, jiàn dào le Běijīng dàxué wàishìbàn de Liú lǎoshī. Dàjiā yìqǐ shàng le chē. Zài cóng jīchǎng dào Běijīng chéng lǐ de gāosù gōnglù shàng, Xuéyǒu hé Xiǎo Dīng kàn dào le hěn duō qìchē, yě kàn dào le hěn duō piàoliang de gāocéng jiànzhù. Liú lǎoshī gàosu tāmen, Běijīng shì Zhōngguo de zhèngzhì, jīngjì hé wénhuà zhōngxīn, yǒu yì qiān duō wàn rénkǒu. Cǐwài, Běijīng měi nián xīyǐn shí duō wàn láizì shìjiè gèdì de yóukè, yě shì yí ge lǚyóu shèngdì. Cóng jīchǎng dào Běijīng dàxué, qìchē kāi le yí ge bàn xiǎoshí. Xuéyǒu hé Xiǎo Dīng dào xuéxiào de shíhou, yǐjīng shì wǎnshang bā diǎn duō le. Liú lǎoshī ānpái tāmen zhù zài liúxuéshēng sùshè. Liú lǎoshī gàosù tāmen, jīntiān zǎo diǎnr xiīxi, míngtiān zài dài tāmen bànlǐ bàodào zhùcè de shǒuxù.

Vocabulary 词汇

Chinese Words | Pinyin | Part of Speech | Engl. Trans.
班机 | bānjī | n. | flight
左右 | zuǒyòu | adv. | about, approximately
长得… | zhǎngde | v. | to look like, to be grown
礼貌 | lǐmào | adj. | polite
点头 | diǎntóu | v. | to nod
没想到 | méixiǎngdào | idiom exp. | did not think
发音 | fāyīn | n. | pronunciation
标准 | biāozhǔn | adj. | precise, standard
训练班 | xùnliànbān | n. | training class, training program
母校 | mǔxiào | n. | alma mater
计算机 | jìsuànjī | n. | computer
系 | xì | n. | department
呆 | dāi | v. | to stay
家 | jiā | measure word | for families or business establishments
公司 | gōngsī | n. | company
出差 | chūchāi | v.phrase | to go on a business trip
顺便 | shùnbiàn | adv. | by taking advantage of the opportunity
那 | nà | conj. | then, in that case
外事办 | wàishìbàn | n. | foreign affairs office
出口处 | chūkǒuchù | n. | exit
上车 | shàngchē | v. | phrase to get in a car/on a bus
乘坐 | chéngzuò | v. | to take (train/boat/plan)
降落 | jiàngluò | v. | to land to land
实在 | shízàiad | v. | really
当...的时候 | dāng...deshíhòu | prep.phrase | (at the time) when
走进 | zǒujìn | v. | to walk/step into
海关 | hǎiguān | n. | customs
大厅 | dàtīng | n. | hall
惊讶 | jīngyà | adj. | suprised
变化 | biànhuà | n. | change
座 | zuò | measure word | for mountains, buildings or other simmilar immovable objects
现代化 | xiàndàihuà | adj. | modernized
出 | chū | v. | to exit
高速公路 | gāosùgōnglù | n. | highway
高层建筑 | gāocéngjiànzhù | n.phrase | tall building
政治 | zhèngzhì | n. | politics
经济 | jīngjì | n. | economics
文化 | wénhuà | n. | culture
人口 | rénkǒu | n. | population
此外 | cǐwài | adv. | in addition to, besides
吸引 | xīyǐn | v. | to attract
来自 | láizì | v. | to come from
世界各地 | shìjiègèdì | n. | all over the world
游客 | yóukè | n. | tourist
旅游 | lǚyóu | v.n. | to tour, tour
旅游胜地 | lǚyóushèngdì | n. | tourist resort
开 | kāi | v. | to drive
办理 | bànlǐ | v. | to handle, to process
报到注册 | bàodàozhùcè | v.phrasev.phrasev.phrase | to register
手续 | shǒuxù | n. | precedure, paper work
辛苦 | xīnkǔ | adj. | hard; not easy

Grammar 语法

1. Time Measure Words

Time measure words are used to indicate the point of time when an action takes place, or the duration of time in which an action happens. The position of time measure words, however, are different in different situations.

 When time measure words indicate the point of time, they are placed before the verb, or before the first verb in sentences where there are series of verbs. The structure should be:

S + point of time + V + (O)

or 

S + point of time + V1 + O1 + V2 + O2

For example:

1.) 小丁和学友的飞机上午十点五十分起飞。 Xiaoding and Xueyou's plane will take off at 10:50am.

2.) 她的男朋友今天晚上九点会来她的宿舍看她。 Her boyfriend will come to her dorm and see her at 9:00pm tonight.

 When time measure words indicate the duration of time, they function as a complement and are placed after the verb.

For sentences without objects, the structure should be:

S + V + duration of time

For example:

1.) 从纽约到北京, 飞机要飞十多个小时。 From New York to Beijing, the plane will fly for over ten hours.

2.) 从机场到北京大学, 汽车开了一个半小时。 From the airport to Beijing University, the car drove for one and a half hours.

For sentences with an object, the structure should be (note that the first repetition of the verb is often optional in this pattern):

S + (V) + O + V + duration of time

For example:

1.) 小丁要学中文学两年。 Xiaoding will study Chinese for two years.

2.) 小丁和学友坐飞机坐了十七个小时。或者 (huòzhě: or) 小丁和学友飞机坐了十七个小时。Xiaoding and Xueyou were on the plane for seventeen hours.

Sometimes, the object can also be preposed in this kind of sentence and there is no need to repeat the verb. The structure should be:

O + S + V + duration of time

For example:

1.) 中文小丁要学两年。 Chinese, Xiaoding will study for two years.

2.) 飞机小丁和学友坐了十七个小时。 The plane, Xiaoding and Xueyou were on for seventeen hours.

As can be observed in the above examples, verbs in sentences with time measure words indicating duration can take different aspects.

The following are structures and examples of the use of time complements (that is, time measure words that indicate the duration of time)in combination with the perfective aspect used to refer to the past, the present, and the future aspects of action.

a. The perfective in reference to the past. The structure should be:

S + (V) + O + V + 了 + duration of time

or 

O + S + V + 了 + duration of time

For example:

1.) 今天世海学中文学了一个半小时。 或者 (huòzhě: or) 今天世海中文学了一个半小时。 Today Shihai has studied Chinese for one and a half hours.

2.) 中文世海学了一个半小时。 Chinese, Shihai has studied for one and a half hours.

b. The perfective in reference to the present. The structure should be:

S + V + O + V + duration of time

or 

O + S + V + duration of time

For example:

1.) 世海每天学中文学一个半小时。 Every day Shihai studies Chinese for one and a half hours.

2.) 中文世海每天学一个半小时。 Chinese, Shihai studies for one and a half hours every day.

c. The perfective in reference to the future. The structure should be:

S + 要/会 + V + O + V + duration of time

or 

O + S + 要/会 + V + duration of time

1.) 世海明天要/会学中文学一个半小时。 Tomorrow Shihai will study Chinese for one and a half hours.

2.) 中文世海明天要/会学一个半小时。 Chinese, Shihai will study for one and a half hours tomorrow.

 Using the 的 structure to indicate the point of time or the duration of time in a sentence. This pattern allows the object to be placed after the verb and time phrase. The structure should be:

S + V + point of time/duration of time + 的 + O

The "point of time/duration of time + 的" structure can be seen as a structure that modifies the object of a sentence.

For example:

1.) 小丁和学友坐上午十点五十分的飞机。 Xiaoding and Xueyou took/will take the 10:50am plane.

2.) 世海每天下午上三点半的中文课。 Shihai goes to the 3:30pm Chinese class every day.

3.) 小丁和学友坐了十七个小时的飞机。 Xiaoding and Xueyou had a seventeen hour flight.

4.) 世海每天学一个半小时的中文。 Shihai studies one and a half hours of Chinese every day.

 Asking questions about the point of time or duration of time.

a. When asking questions about the point of time, the question word is "几点" or "什麽时候" which are place where the time word normally goes in the sentence. For example:

1.) 小丁和学友的飞机什麽时候起飞？  When is Xiaoding and Xueyou's plane going to take off?

2. 他们几点到北京大学？  At what time did they arrive in Beijing University?

3.) 世海每天上几点的中文课？  At what time does Shihai have his Chinese class?

b. When asking questions about the duration of time, the question word is "多久" or "多长时间" which are place where the time complement normally goes in the sentence. For example:

1.) 从机场到北京大学, 汽车开了多久？ From the airport to Beijing University, for how long did the car drive?

2.) 小丁学中文学了多长时间？ For how long has Xiaoding studied Chinese?

3.) 小丁和学友坐了多长时间的飞机？ How long were Xiaoding and Xueyou on the plane?

2. The Approximate Number Indicators --"几" and "多"

"几" and "多" are two approximate number indicators in Chinese that appear with measure words in counting. However, the positions and the meaning implications of these two characters are different.

When 几 is used by itself, it refers to an approximate number that is less than ten. For example:

甲：你有几本中文书？ A: How many Chines books do you have?

乙：我有五本中文书。 B: I have five Chinese books.

今天晚上我要和几个老朋友一起吃晚饭。 Tonight I am going to have dinner with some (less than ten) old friends.

When 几 is combined with number words such as 十, 百, 千, 万, it can be placed either before the number words, or after the number words. The approximate number it refers to, however, is different when it is placed in different positions.

a. When 几 is placed before the number words, for example:

Phrase | Range of number
几十 | 10-90
几百 | 100-900
几千 | 1000-9000
几万 | 10.000-90.000

b. When 几 is placed after the number words, it is placed after "十" or

"零". It cannot be placed right after "百", "千", "万". For example:

Phrase | Range of number
十几 | 11-19
二十几 | 21-29
三十几 | 31-39
. | .
. | .
. | .
一百零几 | 101-109
一百一十几 | 111-119
一百二十几 | 121-129

When 多 is used to ask questions about numbers, the phrase "多少" is used to ask about approximate numbers that are expected to be more than ten. For example:

1.) 甲：你的大学有多少学生？ A: How many students does you university have?

   乙：我的大学有三万个学生。 B: My university has 30, 000 students.

2.) 甲：你们学校的东亚图书馆有多少本中文书？ A: How many Chinese books does the East Asian Library in your university have?

   乙：有五万本中文书。 B: (It) has 50, 000 Chinese books.

a. 多 can never be placed right before number words such as 十, 百, 千, 万.

b. 多 can be placed after number words such as 十, 百, 千, 万, and it is always followed by measure words.

Phrase | Range of number
十多(个) | 11..19
二十多(个) | 21..29
三十多(个) | 31..39
. | .
. | .
. | .
一百多(个) | 101..109
一百一十多(个) | 111.119
一百二十多(个) | 121..129
二百多(个) | 201..299
三千多(个)  | 3, 001-3, 999
四万多(个) | 40, 001-49, 999

The use of the approximate number indicators "几" and "多" with the four major time units (TU) "年", "月", "星期" and "天/日".

When 几 is combined with the four major time units "年", "月", "星期" and "天/日" 

number + TU | 几 + TU | 几 + number + TU | number (十) + 几 + TU
一年 | 几年 | 几十年 | 十几年
一个*月 | 几个月 | 几十个月 | 二十几个月
一个*星期 | 几个星期 | 几十个星期 | 三十几个星期
一天 | 几天 | 几百天 | 一百一十几天

*Note: 年 and 天 are measure words, whereas 月 and 星期 are nouns taking 个 as their measure word.

When 多 is combined with the four major time units "年", "月", "星期" and "天/日" 

number "一" | numbers no more than 10 | numbers more than 10 (in units of 10)
number + TU | number + TU + 多 / number + measure + 多 + TU | number + 多 + TU / number + 多 + measure + TU
一年 | 五年多 | 十多年
一个月 | 六个多月 | 二十多个月
一个星期 | 三个多星期 | 一百多个星期
一天 | 十天多 | 一千多天 

3. The Ordinal Number 第

第 + numeral + measure word

第 + numeral + measure word is used to form ordinal expressions.

For example:

1.) 这是我第一次回中国。 This is my first time to return to China.

2.) 今天王老师教了第三十一课。 Today Teacher Wang taught Lesson 31.

3.) 母亲节是每年五月的第二个星期天。 Mother's day is the second Sunday of May in every year.

4. The Structure 从...到...

The structure 从...到... means "from...to...". It is used to indicate a period of time (from one time to another time), or to indicate a distance (from one place to another place). For example:

(1.) 从 + time + 到 + time

1.) 从一九九四年到一九九八年, 他在北京大学的计算机系学了四年。 From 1994 to 1998, he studied in the Computer Science Department of Beijing University for four years.

2.) 从晚上八点到十一点, 我看了三个小时的中文。 From 8:00pm to 11:00pm, I read Chinese for three hours.

(2.) 从 + place + 到 +place

1.) 从上海到北京, 飞机飞了一个小时。 From Shanghai to Beijing, the plane flew for a hour.

2.) 从宿舍到学生活动中心, 小丁走了十分钟。 From the dorm to the student activity center, Xiaoding walked for ten minutes.

5. The Structure 当...的时候

The structure "当...的时候" functions as a time clause. The usage of this structure is similar to the time clause headed by "when" in English.

However, as the "when" clause can be placed either at the beginning of a sentence or at the end of a sentence, the structure "当...的时候" can only be placed at the beginning of a sentence. Usually, 当 is left out and the structure simply becomes "...的时候". For example:

1) 当学友和小丁走进海关大厅的时候, 他们都非常惊讶。When Xueyou and Xiaoding walked into the Customs Hall, they were very surprised.

2) 学友和小丁到学校的时候, 已经是晚上八点多了。When Xueyou and Xiaoding arrived at the school, it was already over 8:00pm.

Speech patterns

1. The Time Measure Complement

大为每天下午三点半上中文课.

世海下午四点去东亚图书馆看中文杂志。

这个年轻人想在美国学习四年。

小丁在她的大学学中文学了两年。

昨天晚上我听了一个小时的中国音乐。

今年暑假我要上一个月的法语课。

Dà wéi měitiān xiàwǔ sān diǎn bàn shàng zhōngwén kè.

Shì hǎi xiàwǔ sì diǎn qù dōngyà túshū guǎn kàn zhòng wén zázhì.

Zhège niánqīng rén xiǎng zài měiguó xuéxí sì nián.

Xiǎo dīng zài tā de dàxué xué zhōngwénxuéle liǎng nián.

Zuótiān wǎnshàng wǒ tīngle yīgè xiǎoshí de zhōngguó yīnyuè.

Jīnnián shǔjià wǒ yào shàng yīgè yuè de fǎyǔ kè.

Dawei has a Chinese class at 3:30pm every day.

Shihai went to the East Asian Library and read Chinese magazines at 4:00pm.

This young man wants to study in the U.S. for four years.

Xiaoding studied Chinese for two years in her university.

Last night I listened to an hour of Chinese music.

This summer I want to take a month of French.

2. The Approximate Number Indicators --"几" and "多"

我在北京有几个好朋友。 我想给你他们的电话。

坐了十多/几个小时的飞机, 你们一定很累了。

我有几十张中国音乐唱片, 你可以来我的宿舍听中国音乐。

我的大学很大, 有三万多个学生。

学友和小丁想在北京大学学习几个月的中文。

他在这家美国公司工作了四年多。

Wǒ zài běijīng yǒu jǐ gè hǎo péngyǒu. Wǒ xiǎng gěi nǐ tāmen de diànhuà.

Zuòle shí duō/jǐ gè xiǎoshí de fēijī, nǐmen yīdìng hěn lèile.

Wǒ yǒu jǐ shí zhāng zhōngguó yīnyuè chàngpiàn, nǐ kěyǐ lái wǒ de sùshè tīng zhōngguó yīnyuè.

Wǒ de dàxué hěn dà, yǒu sān wàn duō gè xuéshēng.

Xuéyǒu hé xiǎo dīng xiǎng zài běijīng dàxué xuéxí jǐ gè yuè de zhōngwén.

Tā zài zhè jiā měiguó gōngsī gōngzuòle sì nián duō.

I have some (less than 10) good friends in Beijing. I would like to give you their phone numbers.

(After) sitting in the plane for over ten hours, you must be very tired.

I have several dozen (10-90) Chinese music records. You can come to my dorm and listen to Chinese music.

My university is very big. (It) has over 30, 000 students.

Xueyou and Xiaoding would like to study several(less than 10) months' Chinese in Beijing University.

He has worked in this American company for over four years.

3. The Ordinal Number 第

王老师是小丁的第二个中文老师。

今天是小丁和学友到北京的第一天。

这个生词在第三十课。

去年我第一次去北京大学参加一个短期汉语培训班。

Wáng lǎoshī shì xiǎo dīng de dì èr gè zhōngwén lǎoshī.

Jīntiān shì xiǎo dīng hé xuéyǒu dào běijīng de dì yī tiān.

Zhège shēngcí zài dì sānshí kè.

Qùnián wǒ dì yī cì qù běijīng dàxué cānjiā yīgè duǎnqí hànyǔ péixùn bān.

Teacher Wang is Xiaoding's second Chinese teacher.

Today is the first day since Xiaoding and Xueyou arrived in Beijing.

This new word is in Lesson 30.

Last year for the first time I went to Beijing University and attended a short-term intensive Chinese training program.

4. The Structure 从...到...

在从食堂到图书馆的路上, 我见到了小丁和她的男朋友。

从上海到洛杉矶, 飞机要飞十四个小时。

从一九九二年到一九九五年, 我在北京大学中文系学习。

从晚上六点半到八点, 我和我的日本朋友一起吃晚饭。

Zài cóng shítáng dào túshū guǎn de lùshàng, wǒ jiàn dàole xiǎo dīng hé tā de nán péngyǒu.

Cóng shànghǎi dào luòshānjī, fēijī yào fēi shísì gè xiǎoshí.

Cóng yījiǔjiǔ'èr nián dào yījiǔjiǔwǔ nián, wǒ zài běijīng dàxué zhōngwén xì xuéxí.

Cóng wǎnshàng liù diǎn bàn dào bā diǎn, wǒ hé wǒ de rìběn péngyǒu yīqǐ chī wǎnfàn.

On the way from the dining hall to the library, I met Xiaoding and her boyfriend.

From Shanghai to Los Angeles, a plane will fly fourteen hours.

From 1992 to 1995, I studied in the Chinese Department of Beijing University.

From 6:30pm to 8:00pm, I had dinner together with my Japanese friend(s).

5. The Structure 当...的时候

当我收到爸爸妈妈的第一封信的时候, 我非常高兴。

当我第一次离开爸爸妈妈去上大学的时候, 妈妈心里很难过。

我在北京学习的时候, 每天都去图书馆看书。

小丁给大为打电话的时候, 大为正在看中文语法书呢。

Dāng wǒ shōu dào bàba māmā de dì yī fēng xìn de shíhòu, wǒ fēicháng gāoxìng.

Dāng wǒ dì yī cì líkāi bàba māmā qù shàng dàxué de shíhòu, māmā xīnlǐ hěn nánguò.

Wǒ zài běijīng xuéxí de shíhòu, měitiān dū qù túshū guǎn kànshū.

Xiǎo dīng gěi dà wéi dǎ diànhuà de shíhòu, dà wéi zhèngzài kàn zhòng wén yǔfǎ shū ne.

When I received the first letter from my mom and dad, I was very happy.

When I left my parents for university for the first time, my mom was very upset.

When I was studying in Beijing, I went to the library and read every day.

When Xiaoding called Dawei, Dawei was reading a Chinese Grammar book.

6. The Adverb 实在 "Really, truly"

中国离美国实在太远了。

我实在很累了。今天晚上我要早一点儿睡觉。

北京的国际机场实在是太漂亮了。

昨天的考试不难, 同学们实在是太高兴了。

Zhōngguó lí měiguó shízài tài yuǎnle.

Wǒ shízài hěn lèile. Jīntiān wǎnshàng wǒ yào zǎo yīdiǎn er shuìjiào.

Běijīng de guójì jīchǎng shízài shì tài piàoliangle.

Zuótiān de kǎoshì bù nán, tóngxuémen shízài shì tài gāoxìngle.

China is really far away from the U.S.

I am really very tired. Tonight I want to go to bed early.

Beijing's internation airport is really very beautiful.

Yesterday's exam was not difficult. The students were really very happy.

7. The Conjunction 此外 "In addition to, besides"

北京是中国的政治、经济和文化中心。此外, 北京还是一个旅游胜地。

古老师在东亚图书馆工作。此外, 她还教小丁书法。

我很喜欢吃中国菜和日本菜。此外, 我还喜欢吃法国菜。

我常常听中国古典音乐。此外, 我也喜欢听中国民歌。

Běijīng shì zhōngguó de zhèngzhì, jīngjì hé wénhuà zhōngxīn. Cǐwài, běijīng háishì yīgè lǚyóu shèngdì.

Gǔ lǎoshī zài dōngyà túshū guǎn gōngzuò. Cǐwài, tā hái jiào xiǎo dīng shūfǎ.

Wǒ hěn xǐhuān chī zhōngguó cài hé rìběn cài. Cǐwài, wǒ hái xǐhuān chī fàguó cài.

Wǒ chángcháng tīng zhōngguó gǔdiǎn yīnyuè. Cǐwài, wǒ yě xǐhuān tīng zhōngguó míngē.

Beijing is the political, economic and cultural center of China. In addition, it is also a tourist resort.

Teacher Gu works in the East Asian Library. In addition, she teaches Xiaoding calligraphy.

I like to eat Chinese cuisine and Japanese cuisine very much. In addition, I also like to eat French cuisine.

I often listen to Chinese classical music. In addition, I also like to listen to Chinese folk songs.

Lesson 32

>Dialogue

English

Have you had a physical exam recently?;

Xueyou: Teacher Liu, I want to take a physical examination for new students. Do I need to call the doctor and make an appointment?

Teacher Liu: No. You can go directly and look for Dr. Li at the Beijing University Hospital tomorrow afternoon. He is in charge of students' physical exam.

Xueyou: Thank you, Teacher Liu!

Teacher Liu: You are welcome.

(The second day, at the Beijing University Hospital)

Xueyou: Are you Dr. Li?

Dr. Li: Yes. Are you a new student who has come to take a physical exam?

Xueyou: Yes. I am a international student from the U.S. My name is Xueyou Xie.

Dr. Li: Have you had a physical examination in the U.S. recently?

Xueyou: No. I had an exam once a year ago.

Dr. Li: All right. Did you fill in the form?

Xueyou: Yes, I did. Here you are.

Dr.Li: Ok. You should first go to Room 101 to measure your height, weight, and blood pressure. Then you should go to Room 102 to check your eyes, ears and nose. Lastly you should go to Room 103 for an x-ray.

Xueyou: Do I need to take a blood test?

Dr.Li: Yes, we need to draw blood for a blood test. Please come to see me again when you finish.

( 2-3 hours later)

Xueyou: Dr. Li, here is my physical exam form.

Dr. Li: Have you had every item checked?

Xueyou: Yes, I have had every item checked. Do you think I have any health problem?

Dr.Li: You are very healthy. Don't worry. However, since you have just come to China, you should be very careful of hygiene in drinking and eating.

Xueyou: Thank you, Dr. Li.

Dr. Li: You are welcome.

Simplified

初级第三十二课: 对话 你最近检查过身体没有？

学友：刘老师, 我要作入学体检, 我需要打电话给大夫约时间吗？

刘老师：不需要, 明天下午你直接去北大医院找李大夫, 他负责给学生体检。

学友：谢谢刘老师！

刘老师: 不客气。

(第二天, 北大医院内)

学友：您是李大夫吗？

李大夫：是的, 你是来体检的学生吧？

学友：是的。 我是刚从美国来这儿的留学生, 我叫谢学友。

李大夫：你最近在美国作过体检吗？

学友：没有。一年以前我作过一次体检。

李大夫：那好吧。你填体检表了吗？

学友：填过了。

李大夫：好, 先在101房间量身高, 体重, 和血压；然後, 在102房间检查一下儿眼睛, 耳朵和鼻子；最後, 在103房间作透视检查。

学友：需要检查血液吗？

李大夫：是的, 你要去抽血, 作血液检查。 请你检查完了再来找我。

(2-3个小时之後)

学友：李大夫, 这是我的体检表。

李大夫：每项都检查过了吗？

学友：都检查过了。您看看我的身体有什麽问题吗？

李大夫：你的身体很好, 不要担心。不过, 你刚来中国, 需要注意饮水和饮食上的卫生。

学友：谢谢李大夫。

李大夫：不用客气。祝你身体健康。再见！

Traditional

初級第三十二課: 對話 你最近檢查過身體沒有﹖

學友﹕劉老師﹐我要作入學體檢﹐我需要打電話給大夫約時間嗎﹖

劉老師﹕不需要﹐明天下午你直接去北大醫院找李大夫﹐他負責給學生體檢。

學友﹕謝謝劉老師﹗

劉老師﹕ 不客氣。

(第二天﹐北大醫院內)

學友﹕您是李大夫嗎﹖

李大夫﹕是的﹐你是來體檢的學生吧﹖

學友﹕是的。 我是剛從美國來這兒的留學生﹐我叫謝學友。

李大夫﹕你最近在美國作過體檢嗎﹖

學友﹕沒有。一年以前我作過一次體檢。

李大夫﹕那好吧。你填體檢表了嗎﹖

學友﹕填過了。

李大夫﹕好﹐先在101房間量身高﹐體重﹐和血壓﹔然後﹐在102房間檢查一下兒眼睛﹐耳朵和鼻子﹔最後﹐在103房間作透視檢查。

學友﹕需要檢查血液嗎﹖

李大夫﹕是的﹐你要去抽血﹐作血液檢查。 請你檢查完了再來找我。

(2-3個小時之後)

學友﹕李大夫﹐這是我的體檢表。

李大夫﹕每項都檢查過了嗎﹖

學友﹕都檢查過了。您看看我的身體有什麼問題嗎﹖

李大夫﹕你的身體很好﹐不要擔心。不過﹐你剛來中國﹐需要注意飲水和飲食上的衛生。

學友﹕謝謝李大夫。

李大夫﹕不用客氣。祝你身體健康。再見﹗

Pinyin

Nǐ Zuìjìn Jiǎnchá Guò Shēntǐ Méi Yǒu ?;

Xuéyǒu: Liú Lǎoshī, wǒ yào zuò rù xué tǐjiǎn, wǒ xūyào dǎ diànhuà gěi dàifu yuē shíjiān ma ?

Liú Lǎoshī: Bù xūyào, míngtiān xiàwǔ nǐ zhíjiē qù Běi Dà yīyuàn zhǎo Lǐ dàifu, tā fùzé gěi xuésheng tǐjiǎn.

Xuéyǒu: Xièxie Liú lǎoshī !

Liú Lǎoshī: Bú kèqi. (Dì èr tiān, Běi Dà yīyuàn nèi)

Xuéyǒu: Nín shì Lǐ dàifu ma ?

Lǐ Dàifu:Shì de, nǐ shì lái tǐjiǎn de xuésheng ba ?

Xuéyǒu: Shì de. Wǒ shì cóng Měiguo lái zhèr de liúxuéshēng, wǒ jiào Xiè Xuéyǒu.

Lǐ Dàifu:Nǐ zuìjìn zài Měiguo zuò guò tǐjiǎn ma ?

Xuéyǒu: Méi yǒu. Yì nián yǐqián wǒ zuò guò yí cì tǐjiǎn.

Lǐ Dàifu:Nà hǎo ba. Nǐ tián tǐjiǎn biǎo le ma?

Xuéyǒu: Tián guò le.

Lǐ Dàifu:Hǎo, xiān zài 101 fángjiān liáng shēngāo, tǐzhòng, hé xuěyā ; ránhòu, zài 102 fángjiān jiǎnchá yí xiàr yǎnjīng, ěrduo hé bízi ; zuìhòu, zài 103 fángjiān zuò tòushì jiǎnchá.

Xuéyǒu: Xūyào jiǎnchá xuěyè ma ?

Lǐ Dàifu:Shì de, nǐ yào qù chōu xuě, zuò xuěyè jiǎnchá. Qǐng nǐ jiǎnchá wán le zài lái zhǎo wǒ.

( 2-3 ge xiǎoshí zhīhòu)

Xuéyǒu: Lǐ dàifu, zhè shì wǒ de tǐjiǎn biǎo.

Lǐ Dàifu:Měi xiàng dōu jiǎnchá guò le ma ?

Xuéyǒu: Dōu jiǎnchá guò le. Nín kànkan wǒ de shēntǐ yǒu shénme wèntí ma ?

Lǐ Dàifu:Nǐ de shēntǐ hěn hǎo, bú yào dānxīn. Búguò, nǐ gāng lái Zhōngguo, xūyào zhùyì yǐn shuǐ hé yǐnshí shang de wèishēng.

Xuéyǒu: Xièxie Lǐ dàifu.

Lǐ Dàifu:Bú yòng kèqi. Zhù nǐ shēntǐ jiànkāng. Zàijiàn !

Text

English

Beijing University Hospital;

Renmei Ding and Xueyou Xie came to Beijing University to attend a short-term Chinese training program. Three weeks later, Renmei got a serious cold. Teacher Liu was very concerned about Renmei. He asked Renmei if she had seen a doctor or not. Renmei said, not yet. Teacher Liu told

Renmei that to see a doctor in China, (people) don't make a phone call to the doctor('s office) to make an appointment. They go to the hospital directly. Beijing University has its own hospital. Therefore, it is convenient to see a doctor (in Beijing University).

This day, Xueyou accompanied Renmei to the Beijing University Hospital to see a doctor. After they arrived at the hospital, Xueyou stood in the line to register for Renmei. Since Renmei had a cold, Xueyou registered for the Department of Internal Medicine. They found the Internal Medicine Outpatient Department. The nurse was very cordial. She told Xueyou and Renmei that the doctor was seeing a patient, and asked them to wait for a while. After the nurse took Renmei's tempareture and blood pressure, the doctor was ready to see Renmei. The doctor asked Renmei where she felt uncomfortable, and what medicine she had taken. Renmei told the doctor, she had a headache, a runny nose and a sore throat. She had been coughing all day long, and could not sleep well at night. She took some cold pills that she brought from the U.S. However, they seemed not to be very effective. The doctor used the stethoscope to examine Renmei. Then, he told Renmei, she had the flu, and she should drink a lot of water, and get a lot of rest. He also prescribed some medicine for Renmei.

After seeing the doctor, Xueyou and Renmei went to the hospital's pharmacy to buy medicine. There were many people buying medicine in the pharmacy. It turned out that in China, all patients buy medicine in the hospital's pharmacy where they see a doctor.

Renmei went back to her dorm. She took a good and thorough rest for a few days, and recovered from her illness.

Simplified

北大医院;

丁人美和谢学友到北京大学参加一个短期中文训练班。 三个星期以後, 人美得了重感冒。 刘老师很关心人美。 他问人美, 去看过大夫了没有。人美说, 还没有。 刘老师告诉人美, 在中国看病, 不是打电话给大夫约时间, 而是直接去医院。北大有自己的医院, 所以看病比较方便。

这一天, 学友陪人美去北大医院看病。 到了北大医院, 学友先排队给人美挂号。因为人美得了感冒, 所以学友给她挂了一个内科的号。 他们一起找到了内科门诊。 护士小姐很热情。 她告诉学友和人美, 大夫现在正在给一个病人看病, 请他们等一下儿。 护士小姐给人美量过体温和血压以後, 大夫可以给人美看病了。大夫问人美哪儿不舒服, 吃过什麽药。 人美告诉大夫, 她头疼, 流鼻涕, 嗓子也很疼, 一直咳嗽, 晚上睡不好觉。 她吃了从美国带来的感冒药, 可是效果不大。大夫用听诊器给人美做了检查。 然後, 他告诉人美, 她得的是流行性感冒, 要多喝水, 多注意休息。 他还给人美开了一些药。 看过大夫以後, 学友和人美到医院的药房买药。 在药房买药的人很多。 原来, 在中国看病, 病人都在医院的药房买药。 人美回到宿舍, 好好休息了几天, 她的病就好了。

Traditional

北大醫院;

丁人美和謝學友到北京大學參加一個短期中文訓練班。 三個星期以後﹐人美得了重感冒。 劉老師很關心人美。 他問人美﹐去看過大夫了沒有。人美說﹐還沒有。 劉老師告訴人美﹐在中國看病﹐不是打電話給大夫約時間﹐而是直接去醫院。北大有自己的醫院﹐所以看病比較方便。

這一天﹐學友陪人美去北大醫院看病。 到了北大醫院﹐學友先排隊給人美掛號。因為人美得了感冒﹐所以學友給她掛了一個內科的號。 他們一起找到了內科門診。 護士小姐很熱情。 她告訴學友和人美﹐大夫現在正在給一個病人看病﹐請他們等一下兒。 護士小姐給人美量過體溫和血壓以後﹐大夫可以給人美看病了。大夫問人美哪兒不舒服﹐吃過什麼藥。 人美告訴大夫﹐她頭疼﹐流鼻涕﹐嗓子也很疼﹐一直咳嗽﹐晚上睡不好覺。 她吃了從美國帶來的感冒藥﹐可是效果不大。大夫用聽診器給人美做了檢查。 然後﹐他告訴人美﹐她得的是流行性感冒﹐要多喝水﹐多注意休息。 他還給人美開了一些藥。 看過大夫以後﹐學友和人美到醫院的藥房買藥。 在藥房買藥的人很多。 原來﹐在中國看病﹐病人都在醫院的藥房買藥。 人美回到宿舍﹐好好休息了幾天﹐她的病就好了。

Pinyin

Běijīng De Jiā

Xiǎo Dīng hé Xuéyǒu zǒu le yǐhòu, zhè yì tiān, Shìhǎi qù kàn Wáng lǎoshi.

Wáng lǎoshi kànjiàn Shìhǎi lái le, fēicháng gāoxìng. Wáng lǎoshi qǐng Shìhǎi zuò zài shāfā shang , bìng gěi tā qī le yì bēi lóngjǐng chá. Hē chá deshíhou,

Wáng lǎoshi wèn Shìhǎi: “Xiǎo Dīng hé Xuéyǒu zuò fēijī qù Zhōngguo, yíqiè dōu shùnlì ma?” Shìhǎi gàosu Wáng lǎoshi, yíqiè dōu hěn shùnli. Wáng lǎoshi shuō, nà tiān tā zhèng hǎo yào qù Zhōngguo dàshǐguǎn bàn shì, bù néng sòng

Xiǎo Dīng hé Xuéyǒu. Búguò, tā yǐjīng gěi le Xiǎo Dīng hé Xuéeyǒu Běijīng de jiā de diànhuà hé dìzhǐ, qǐng tāmen dào le Běijīng jiù gěi tā tàitai Xījìng dǎ diànhuà. Wáng lǎoshi shuō, qùnián Gǎn’ēn jié, tā hé Xiǎo Dīng de jiārén yìqǐ huāndù jiājié, juéde jiù xiàng zài zìjǐ de jiā yíyàng. Tā xīwang Xiǎo Dīng hé Xuéyǒu yě néng chángcháng qù zìjǐ zài Běijīng de jiā wánr. Wáng lǎoshi hái wèn Shìhái: “Zhè shì Xiǎo Dīng hé Xuéyǒu dì yī cì qù Zhōngguo, Zhōngguo lí zhèr hěn yuǎn, tāmen de bàba, māma fàngxīn ma ?” Shìhǎi shuō: “ Yě bù dānxīn.” Wǎng lǎoshi shuō: “ Nà tài hǎo le. Wǒ tàitai Xījìng hé wǒ érzi Kāikai hěn kuài jiù yào rènshi Xiǎo Dīng de yì jiā hé Xuéyǒu, tāmen yídìng huì hěn gāoxìng.”

Vocabulary 词汇

Chinese Words | Pinyin | Part of Speech | Engl. Trans.Engl. Trans.
过 | guòa | particle | a particle that indicates past experience
入学 | rùxué | v. | to enroll in school
体检 | tǐjiǎn | n.v. | a physical examination to get a check up
需要 | xūyào | v. | to need
约 | yuē | v. | to make an appointment
直接 | zhíjiē | adv. | directly
北大医院 | BěiDāYīYuàn | n.phrase | Beijing University Hospital
负责 | fùzé | v. | to be in charge of, responsible for
刚 | gāng | adv. | just
填(表) | tián(biǎo) | v.t | o fill in (a form)
身高 | shēngāo | n. | height
体重 | tǐzhòng | n. | weight
血压 | xuèyā | n. | blood pressure
然後 | ránhòu | conj. | then, after that
眼睛 | yǎnjīng | n. | eye
耳朵 | ěrduō | n. | ear
鼻子 | bízi | n. | nose
最後 | zuìhòu | adv. | in the end, lastly finally
透视 | tòushì | v. | to take an X-ray examinationto take an X-ray examinationto take an X-ray examination
血液 | xuèyè | n. | blood
抽 | chōu | v. | to draw (blood)
项 | xiàng | measure word | item
饮食 | yǐnshí | n. | diet
饮水 | yǐnshuǐ | n.phrase | drinking of water
卫生 | wèishēng | n. | hygiene
客气 | kèqi | idiom exp. | to be polite
不(用)客气 | bú(yòng)kèqi | idiom exp. | do not mention it you are welcome
重(感冒) | zhònggǎnmào | n. | serious cold
关心 | guānxīn | v. | to care about, to be concerned withto care about, to be concerned with
不是...而是... | búshì...érshì | conj. | not....but/rather
看病 | kànbìng | v. | to see a doctor
比较 | bǐjiào | adv. | relatively
方便 | fāngbiàn | adj. | convenient
医院 | yīyuàn | n. | hospital
排队 | páiduì | v. | to line up
挂号 | guàhào | v.t | o register
内科 | néikē | n. | internal medicine department
门诊 | ménzhěn | n. | out-patient department
护士 | hùshì | n. | nurse
量 | liáng | v. | to measure
体温 | tǐwēn | n. | body temperature
舒服 | shūfu | adj. | comfortable
不舒服 | bùshūfu | adj. | not comfortablenot comfortable
药 | yào | n. | medicine
头痛 | tóutòng | n. | headache
流 | liú | v. | to flow
鼻涕 | bítì | n. | nasal mucus
流鼻涕 | liúbítì | n. | have a runny nose
嗓子 | sǎngzi | n. | throat
疼 | téng | v. | to ache
一直 | yīzhí | adv. | always
咳嗽 | késou | n./v. | coughing/to cough
效果 | xiàoguǒ | n. | result
听诊器 | tīngzhěnqì | n. | stethoscope
流行性感冒 | liúxíng xìng gǎn mào | n. | flu
流感 | liúgǎn | n. | flu
注意 | zhùyī | v. | to pay attention to
休息 | xiūxì | v. | to rest
开 | kāi | v. | to prescribe
药房 | yàofáng | n. | pharmacy
买 | mǎi | v. | to buy
原来 | yuènlái | adv. | in fact, it turns out to be
首 | shǒu | measure word | for songs and poems
办公室 | bàngōngshì | n. | office
毕业 | bìyè | v. | to graduate
研究院 | yánjiūyuàn | n. | graduate school, research institute
卧虎藏龙 | wòhǔcánglóng | n.phrase | Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon (appeared in the exercises)

Grammar 语法

1. The Aspect Particle "过" Indicating Past Experience

The aspect particle "过" is used to indicate past experience. It is placed after the verb. In sentences with two verbal constructions in a series, "过" is usually placed after the second verb. The sentence patterns for the aspect particle "过" should be:

S + V + "过" + O

or 

S + V1 + O1 + V2 + "过" + O

For examples:

1.) 我最近检查过身体。 I have had a physical exam recently.

2.) 我吃过中国菜。 I have had (the experience of eating) Chinese food.

3.) 上星期我去纽约看过朋友。 Last week I went to (or had the experience of going to) see a friend.

4.) 小丁昨天去北大医院检查过身体。 Xiaoding went to the Beijing University Hospital to have a physical exam yesterday.

The negative and interogative forms of the aspect particle "过"

a. The negative form of the aspect particle "过" is as follows:

S + (还)没有 + V + "过" + O (呢)

or 

S + (还)没有 + V1 + O1 + V2 + "过" + O (呢)

For examples:

1.) 学友(还)没有在北大医院作过体检(呢)。 Xueyou has not yet been to the Beijing University Hospital to have a physical exam.

2.) 王老师的太太(还)没有去美国看过王老师(呢)。 Teacher Wang's wife has not yet been to the U.S. to see Teacher Wang.

b. The interogative forms of the aspect particle "过" are as follows:

1.) General questions using the question word 吗 at the end of an affirmative sentence.

S + V + "过" + O + 吗？

or 

S + V1 + O1 + V2 + "过" + O + 吗？

For example:

1.) 你最近在美国作过体检吗？ Have you had a physical exam in the U.S. recently?

2.) 小丁去北大医院看过病吗？ Has Xiaoding been to the Beijing University Hospital to see a doctor?

2.) Affirmative-negative questions using negation words 没有 at the end of an affirmative sentence.

S + V + "过" + O + 没有？

or 

S + V1 + O1 + V2 + "过" + O + 没有？

For examples:

1.) 你最近检查过身体没有？ Have you had a physical exam in the U.S. recently?

2.) 小丁去北大医院看过大夫没有？ Has Xiaoding been to the Beijing University Hospital to see a doctor?

The differences between the aspect particle 过 indicating past experience and the aspect particle 了 indicating the completion of an action.

a. The aspect particle 过 always indicates an action that took place in the past, and is often used to emphasize past experience. The aspect particle 了 indicates the completion of an action, which can happen either in the past, or in the future.

For examples:

1.) 护士小姐给小丁量过体温。 The nurse has taken the body tempreture for Xiaoding. (The nurse does not have to take the tempareture again.)

2.) 护士小姐给小丁量了体温。 The nurse took the body tempareture for Xiaoding. (Simply stating the fact that the nurse took the tempareture.)

3.) 护士小姐告诉小丁：“看了病你就可以去药房买药。” The nurse told Xiaoding: "After you see the doctor, you can go to the pharmacy and buy medicine."

b. Diffent negation patterns between the aspect particle 过 and the aspect particle 了

For the aspect particle 过, the pattern should be:

S + (还)没有 + V + "过" + O (呢)

or

S + (还)没有 + V1 + O1 + V2 + "过" + O (呢)

( 过 remains in the negation pattern)

For the aspect particle 了, the pattern should be:

S + (还)没有 + V + O (呢)

or 

S + (还)没有 +V1 + O1 + V2 + O (呢)

(了 is left out in the negation pattern)

For examples:

1.) 小丁(还)没有吃过中药(呢)。 Xiaoding has never had the exerience of taking Chinese medicine.

2.) 小丁(还)没有吃中药(呢)。 Xiaoding has not yet taken her Chinese medicine.

3.) 小丁和学友(还)没有去王老师的家看过他的太太和儿子(呢)。 Xiaoding and Xueyou have not yet had the experience of going to Teacher Wang's home to visit his wife and his son.

4.) 小丁和学友(还)没有去王老师的家看他的太太和儿子(呢)。 Xiaoding and Xueyou has not yet been to Teacher Wang's home to visit his wife and his son.

c. When talking about a past experience, if the speaker would like to indicate that the event referred to has already taken place and is relevant to the present situation, the modal particle 了 (not the aspect particle 了) can be added at the end of a sentence that contains the aspect particle 过.

For examples:

1.) 小丁看过中国大夫了。 Xiaoding has had the experience of seeing a Chinese doctor.

2.) 小丁和学友去北京大学学过中文了。 Xiaoding and Xueyou have had the experience of going to the Beijing Univeristy to study Chinese.

2. The Action Measure Words "次", "遍", "一下儿"

When counting the number of times that an action takes place, an action measure word is used together with numerals. The unit of numeral + action measure word is usually placed after the verb and functions as a complement. While both "次" and "遍" mark the number of times that an action takes place, "遍" is different from "次" in that it emphasizes the entire process of an action. As to "一下儿", it is an action measure word that indicates the quickness or short duration of an action. Sometimes, the action measure word "一下儿" also indicates the casual manner of an action. The aspects of the verb can be past aspect or future aspect. The patterns are as follows:

The past aspect of verb

S + V + Past Aspect Particle (过, 了) + Numeral + Action Measure Word + O

For examples:

1.) 去年我作过一次体检。 Last year I had a physical exam once.

2.) 护士小姐给小丁检查了一遍身体。 The nurse did a complete medical check-up (including tempreture, blood pressure, weight, height, etc.) for Xiaoding.

3.) 刘老师昨天见了一下儿学友。 Teacher Liu met Xueyou for a little while yesterday.

The future aspect of verb

S + Future Aspect Particle (要, 想) + V + Numeral + Action Measure Word + O

1.) 王老师的太太想去一次美国。 Teacher Wang's wife would like to go to the U.S. one time.

2.) 我要看一遍这本有名的中国小说。 I would like to read through (from the first page to the last page) this famous Chinese novel.

3.) 刘老师请学友去一下儿他的办公室。 Teacher Liu asked Xueyou to go the his office for a little while.

3. The Structure "不是...而是..."

The Structure "不是...而是..." means "not...but/rather". It is used when the speaker would like to explain that situation B is different from situation A, and situation B is the one that really happens. The basic pattern is:

不是 + Situation A, 而是 + Situation B

For examples:

1.) 在中国看病, 不是打电话给大夫约时间, 而是直接去医院。 For seeing a doctor in China, (people) do not call the doctor('s office) to make an appointment, rather, (people) go to the hospital directly.

2.) 小丁大学毕业以後, 不是找工作, 而是上研究所。 After Xiaoding graduated from college, she did not look for a job, rather, she went to a graduate school.

3.) 今年暑假, 大为不是回家看爸爸妈妈, 而是在学校里继续上课。 This summer, Dawei did not go home and see his mom and dad, rather, he went on to take classes in school.

Speech patterns

1. The Aspect Particle "过" Indicating Past Experience

学友上星期去过北京大学图书馆。

王老师去他的美国大夫那儿检查过身体。 

学友和小丁给王老师的太太打过电话没有？ 

学友和小丁还没有去北京大学的中国学生食堂吃过饭呢。 

小丁的爸爸、妈妈去北京看过小丁和学友没有？ 

学友和小丁还没有给在美国的朋友们写过信呢。 

Xuéyǒu shàng xīngqí qùguò běijīng dàxué túshū guǎn.

Wáng lǎoshī qù tā dì měiguó dàfū nà'er jiǎncháguò shēntǐ.

Xuéyǒu hé xiǎo dīng gěi wáng lǎoshī de tàitài dǎguò diànhuà méiyǒu?

Xuéyǒu hé xiǎo dīng hái méiyǒu qù běijīng dàxué de zhōngguó xuéshēng shítáng chīguò fàn ne.

Xiǎo dīng de bàba, māmā qù běijīng kànguò xiǎo dīng hé xuéyǒu méiyǒu?

Xuéyǒu hé xiǎo dīng hái méiyǒu gěi zài měiguó de péngyǒumen xiěguò xìn ne.

Xueyou has been to the Beijing University Library last week.

Teacher Wang has been to his American doctor's place to have a physical exam.

Have Xueyou and Xiaoding called Teacher Wang's wife or not?

Xueyou and Xiaoding has not yet been to Beijing University's Chinese students dining rooms to eat.

Have Xiaoding's mom and dad been to Beijing to see Xiaoding and Xueyou?

Xueyou and Xiaoding have not yet written letters to their friends in the U.S.

2. The Action Measure Words "次", "遍", "一下儿"

上个月王老师去过一次纽约。

这个星期六我想再看一遍“卧虎藏龙”。 

我正在给我妈妈打电话, 请你等一下儿。

这首中国民歌非常好听, 我已经听了很多遍了。

我有点儿累。 我想先休息一下儿, 再去锻炼身体。

Shàng gè yuè wáng lǎoshī qùguò yīcì niǔyuē.

Zhège xīngqíliù wǒ xiǎng zài kàn yībiàn “wò hǔ cáng lóng”.

Wǒ zhèngzài gěi wǒ māmā dǎ diànhuà, qǐng nǐ děng yīxià er.

Zhè shǒu zhōngguó míngē fēicháng hǎotīng, wǒ yǐjīng tīngle hěnduō biànle.

Wǒ yǒudiǎn er lèi. Wǒ xiǎng xiān xiūxí yīxià er, zài qù duànliàn shēntǐ.

Last month Teacher Wang went to New York once.

This Saturday I would like to see "Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon" again.

I am making a phone call to my mom. Please wait for a while.

This Chinese folk song is very good. I have listened to it many times (from beginning to end).

I am a little tired. I would like to take a rest for a while, then go to do some exercise.

3. The Structure "不是...而是..."

大为不是小丁的男朋友, 而是她的好朋友。 

世海的爸爸不是北京人, 而是上海人。 

明天的中文课不是学习新课文, 而是考试。 

王老师不是在东亚图书馆工作, 而是在东亚系工作。 

Dà wéi bùshì xiǎo dīng de nán péngyǒu, ér shì tā de hǎo péngyǒu.

Shì hǎi de bàba bùshì běijīng rén, ér shì shànghǎi rén.

Míngtiān de zhōngwén kè bùshì xuéxí xīn kèwén, ér shì kǎoshì.

Wáng lǎoshī bùshì zài dōngyà túshū guǎn gōngzuò, ér shì zài dōngyà xì gōngzuò.

Dawei is not Xiaoding's boyfriend, rather, he is Xiaoding's good friend.

Shihai's dad is not a native of Beijing, rather, he is a native of Shanghai.

Tomorrow's Chinese class, (we are) not going to learn a new lesson, rather, (we are) going to have a test.

Teacher Wang does not work in the East Asian Library, rather, he works in the East Asian Department.

4. The Conjunction 不过 "but, however"

你的身体很好。不过, 你要注意锻炼身体。 

大为没有去过中国。不过, 他想明年去北京学习。 

这件大衣很漂亮。不过, 我已经有一件黑色的大衣了。 

谢谢你请我吃午饭。不过, 我已经吃过了。 

Nǐ de shēntǐ hěn hǎo. Bùguò, nǐ yào zhùyì duànliàn shēntǐ.

Dà wéi méiyǒu qùguò zhōngguó. Bùguò, tā xiǎng míngnián qù běijīng xuéxí.

Zhè jiàn dàyī hěn piàoliang. Bùguò, wǒ yǐjīng yǒuyī jiàn hēisè de dàyīle.

Xièxiè nǐ qǐng wǒ chī wǔfàn. Bùguò, wǒ yǐjīng chīguòle.

You are very healthy. However, you should take the care to exercise (your body).

David has never been to China. However, he would like to go to Beijing to study next year.

This coat is very pretty. However, I already have a black coat.

Thank you for inviting me for lunch. However, I have already had it (my lunch).

5. The Adverb 好好 "well, thoroughly"

到了学校你们就可以好好休息一下儿了。 

小丁和学友想今天晚上去图书馆, 好好复习一下儿今天学的生词和语法。 

明天是星期天。我要好好整理一下儿我的宿舍。 

这个周末, 小丁想好好地给在美国的朋友们写一封信。 

Dàole xuéxiào nǐmen jiù kěyǐ hǎohǎo xiūxí yīxià erle.

Xiǎo dīng hé xuéyǒu xiǎng jīntiān wǎnshàng qù túshū guǎn, hǎohǎo fùxí yīxià er jīntiān xué de shēngcí hé yǔfǎ.

Míngtiān shì xīngqítiān. Wǒ yào hǎo hào zhěnglǐ yīxià er wǒ de sùshè.

Zhège zhōumò, xiǎo dīng xiǎng hǎohǎo de gěi zài měiguó de péngyǒumen xiě yī fēng xìn.

You can take a good (thorough) rest right after you get to school.

Xiaoding and Xueyou would like to go to the library tonight and thoroughly review the new words and Grammar 语法 they learned today.

Tomorrow is Sunday. I will clean my dorm thoroughly.

This weekend Xiaoding would like to write a good (thorough) letter to her friends in the U.S.

6. The Adverbs Indicating Time Order 先, 然後, 最後 "first...then...lastly..."

小丁先在美国的大学学中文, 然後去北京大学学中文, 最後回美国上研究院。

护士先给小丁量体温, 然後给她量血压, 最後给她检查血液。

学友先给小丁挂号, 然後陪她看大夫, 最後帮她买药。

明天我先去上中文课, 然後和我的好朋友一起吃午饭, 最後去图书馆学习。

Xiǎo dīng xiān zài měiguó de dàxué xué zhōngwén, ránhòu qù běijīng dàxué xué zhōngwén, zuìhòu huí měiguó shàng yán jiù yuàn.

Hùshì xiān gěi xiǎo dīng liàng tǐwēn, ránhòu gěi tā liàng xiěyā, zuìhòu gěi tā jiǎnchá xiěyè.

Xuéyǒu xiān gěi xiǎo dīng guàhào, ránhòu péi tā kàn dàfū, zuìhòu bāng tā mǎi yào.

Míngtiān wǒ xiān qù shàng zhōngwén kè, ránhòu hé wǒ de hǎo péngyǒu yīqǐ chī wǔfàn, zuìhòu qù túshū guǎn xuéxí.

Xiaoding studied Chinese in an American university first; then went to Beijing University to study Chinese; lastly, returned to the U.S. to go to a graduate school.

The nurse first took Xiaoding's tempareture; then measured her blood pressure; lastly, (the nurse) gave her a blood test.

First Xueyou registered for Xiaoding; then, accompanied her to see a doctor; lastly, helped her to buy some medicine.

Tomorrow I will go to Chinese class first; then I will go to have lunch with my good friend; lastly, (I) will go to study in the library.

Lesson 33

Dialogue

English

It has started raining outside;

(One day, Renmei went to Teacher Lin, their conversation class teacher's place to chat. Teacher Lin is very young. He has not yet married. So he lives in the single faculty and staff's dormitory of Beijing University. )

(Renmei knocks, Teacher Lin opens the door.)

Teacher Lin: Oh, it's Renmei. Welcome, welcome.

Renmei: Thank you, Teacher Lin.

Teacher Lin: What's happening？ Xueyou is not coming?

Renmei: Xueyou is waiting for his mom and dad's phone call in his dorm. He said that he is coming after the call.

Teacher Lin: Good. Renmei, please sit down. Don't be too polite (make yourself at home). What would you like to drink, tea, coffee, or soft drinks?

Renmei: I would like to drink tea. Xueyou also likes to drink tea very much.

Teacher Lin: Does he？I also love to drink tea. I have Fujian

Tieguanyin, Hangzhou Longjing and Anhui Maojian. Which one would you like to drink?

Renmei: Longjing is very good. In the states, Teacher Wang who taught us Chinese often invited me and Xueyou to drink Longjing tea.

(Xueyou knocks at the door.)

Renmei: Listen, someone is knocking at the door. Probably it is Xueyou.

Teacher Lin: I'll go and open the door. (Teacher Lin opened the door.) It is Xueyou. Come in, please. What's happening？ You are wet.

Xueyou: Thanks, Teacher Lin. It has started raining outside. I didn't bring my umbrella with me. Fortunately, it is not raining hard.

Teacher Lin: That's good. Xueyou, have a cup of Longjing tea.

Xueyou: Thanks. I like to drink Longjing tea the most.

Teacher Lin: Have you received the phone call from your mom and dad?

Xueyou: Yes. They asked me on the phone, what was the weather like in Beijing？ Was it hot？ Did it rain？ I told them that it has been kind of hot these days, and it has not rained. But, no, it has started raining now.

Teacher Lin: In recent years, the summer in Beijing is getting hotter and hotter. If it rains in summer, it will become much cooler.

Renmei: How is the spring in Beijing?

Teacher Lin: Beijing's spring is very windy, and it doesn't rain very often. The spring in the south of China is the most beautiful. From ancient times to now, scholars and writers have written many poems for the spring rain and spring flower in the south of China.

Xueyou: Could you read a poem for us?

Teacher Lin: O.K. Let me read you a classical poem. It is "Spring Dawn" by Meng Haoran, a poet in the Tang Dynasty.

Dawn arrives unnoticed after a spring sleep.

Chirping birds are heard all around.

The sound of wind and rain had come in the night.

How many flowers had fallen in their wake!

Renmei: This poem is very well written. Teacher Lin, could you explain the poem for us?

Teacher Lin: Sure.

(Teacher Lin explained the poem to Xueyou and Renmei.)

Xueyou: Chinese classical poems are very beautiful. Teacher Lin, please introduce another poem to us.

Renmei: It is getting late. Xueyou, Teacher Lin needs to take a rest.

Xueyou: Yes. We should leave. Teacher Lin, we will ask you to introduce Chinese classical poems to us next time.

Teacher Lin: No problem. (You) wait a moment. Let me see if the rain has stopped or not. (Teacher Lin went to the window to have a

look.) Very good. The rain stopped.

Xueyou, Renmei: Then we are leaving. Thank you, Teacher Lin! Bye!

Teacher Lin: Bye! Please come and visit (my place) often!

Simplified

外边下雨了;

(这一天, 人美去他们的口语老师林老师那儿聊天。 林老师很年轻。 他还没有结婚。所以, 他住在北京大学的单身教师宿舍。)

(人美敲门, 林老师开门。)

林老师：噢, 是人美, 请进, 请进。

人美：谢谢林老师。

林老师：怎麽, 学友没来？

人美: 学友正在宿舍等他爸爸﹑妈妈的电话。 他说, 他接了电话就来。

林老师：好。 人美, 请坐, 别客气。 你想喝什麽, 茶, 咖啡, 还是饮料？

人美：我想喝茶。 学友也很喜欢喝茶。

林老师：是吗？我也爱喝茶。 我这儿有福建的铁观音, 杭州的龙井和安徽的毛尖, 你想喝哪一种？

人美：龙井就很好。 在美国教我们汉语的王老师常常请我和学友喝龙井茶。

(学友敲门。)

人美：听, 有人敲门, 可能是学友。

林老师：我去开门。(林老师开门。) 是学友, 请进。 怎麽, 你的身上湿了。

学友：谢谢林老师。 外边下雨了, 我没有带雨伞。 还好, 雨下得不大。

林老师：那就好。 学友, 喝杯龙井茶吧。

学友：谢谢。 我最爱喝龙井茶了。

林老师：接到爸爸妈妈的电话了吗？

学友：接到了。 他们在电话里问我, 北京的天气怎麽样？热不热？下雨吗？我

告诉他们, 这儿的天气比较热, 又不下雨。 这不, 现在就下雨了。

林老师：这几年, 北京的夏天越来越热。 夏天如果下雨, 就会凉快很多。

人美：北京的春天怎麽样？

林老师：北京的春天风很大, 也不常下雨。 中国南方的春天最美。 从古到今, 文人墨客为中国南方的春雨, 春花写了不少诗。

学友：您能给我们念一首吗？

林老师：好。 我给你们念一首古诗吧, 是唐代诗人孟浩然的“春晓“：

春眠不觉晓, 处处闻啼鸟,

夜来风雨声, 花落知多少。

人美：这首诗写得真好。 林老师, 您能给我们解释一下儿这首诗吗？

林老师：可以。

(林老师给学友和人美解释这首诗的意思。)

学友：中国的古诗真美。 林老师, 请您再介绍一首。

人美：时间不早了。 学友, 林老师该休息了。

学友：对, 我们该走了。 林老师, 我们下一次再请您给我们介绍古诗。

林老师：没问题。 你们等一下, 我看看雨停了没有。(林老师去窗口看了一下儿。) 很好, 雨停了。

学友, 人美：那我们走了。 谢谢林老师！ 再见！

林老师：再见！欢迎你们常来！

Traditional

外邊下雨了;

(這一天﹐人美去他們的口語老師林老師那兒聊天。 林老師很年輕。 他還沒有結婚。所以﹐他住在北京大學的單身教師宿舍。)

(人美敲門, 林老師開門。)

林老師﹕噢﹐ 是人美﹐ 請進﹐ 請進。

人美﹕謝謝林老師。

林老師﹕怎麼﹐學友沒來﹖

人美﹕ 學友正在宿舍等他爸爸﹑媽媽的電話。 他說﹐ 他接了電話就來。

林老師﹕好。 人美﹐請坐﹐別客氣。 你想喝什麼﹐ 茶﹐ 咖啡﹐ 還是飲料﹖

人美﹕我想喝茶。 學友也很喜歡喝茶。

林老師﹕是嗎﹖我也愛喝茶。 我這兒有福建的鐵觀音﹐ 杭州的龍井和安徽的毛尖﹐你想喝哪一種﹖

人美﹕龍井就很好。 在美國教我們漢語的王老師常常請我和學友喝龍井茶。

(學友敲門。)

人美﹕聽﹐有人敲門﹐ 可能是學友。

林老師﹕我去開門。(林老師開門。) 是學友﹐ 請進。 怎麼﹐ 你的身上濕了。

學友﹕謝謝林老師。 外邊下雨了﹐ 我沒有帶雨傘。 還好﹐ 雨下得不大。

林老師﹕那就好。 學友﹐ 喝杯龍井茶吧。

學友﹕謝謝。 我最愛喝龍井茶了。

林老師﹕接到爸爸媽媽的電話了嗎﹖

學友﹕接到了。 他們在電話裡問我﹐ 北京的天氣怎麼樣﹖熱不熱﹖下雨嗎﹖ 我告訴他們﹐ 這兒的天氣比較熱﹐又不下雨。 這不﹐ 現在就下雨了。

林老師﹕這幾年﹐ 北京的夏天越來越熱。 夏天如果下雨﹐ 就會涼快很多。

人美﹕北京的春天怎麼樣﹖

林老師﹕北京的春天風很大﹐ 也不常下雨。 中國南方的春天最美。 從古到今﹐ 文人墨客為中國南方的春雨﹐春花寫了不少詩。

學友﹕您能給我們念一首嗎﹖

林老師﹕好。 我給你們念一首古詩吧﹐ 是唐代詩人孟浩然的“春曉“﹕春眠不覺曉﹐ 處處聞啼鳥﹐

夜來風雨聲﹐ 花落知多少。

人美﹕這首詩寫得真好。 林老師﹐ 您能給我們解釋一下兒這首詩嗎﹖

林老師﹕可以。

(林老師給學友和人美解釋這首詩的意思。)

學友﹕中國的古詩真美。 林老師﹐ 請您再介紹一首。

人美﹕時間不早了。 學友﹐ 林老師該休息了。

學友﹕對﹐我們該走了。 林老師﹐我們下一次再請您給我們介紹古詩。

林老師﹕沒問題。 你們等一下﹐ 我看看雨停了沒有。(林老師去窗口看了一下兒。) 很好﹐ 雨停了。

學友﹐人美﹕那我們走了。 謝謝林老師﹗ 再見﹗

林老師﹕再見﹗歡迎你們常來﹗

Pinyin

Wàibian Xià Yǔ Le;

(Zhè yì tiān, Rénměi qù tāmen de kǒuyǔ lǎoshī Lín lǎoshī nàr liáotiān. Lín lǎoshī hěn niánqīng. Tā hái méi yǒu jiēhūn. Suǒyǐ, tā zhùu zài Běijīng dàxué de dān shēn jiàoshī sùshè.)(Rénměi qiāo mén, Lín lǎoshī kāi mén.)

Lín láoshī: Ò, shì Rénměi, qǐng jìn, qǐng jìn.

Rénměi: Xièxie Lín lǎoshī.

Lín láoshī: Zěnme, Xuéyǒou méi lái?

Rénměi: Xuéyǒu zhèngzài sùshè děng tā bàba, māma de diànhuà. Tā shuō, tā jiē le diànhuà jiù lái.

Lín láoshī: Hǎo. Rénměi, qǐng zuò, béi kèqi. Nǐ xiǎng hē shénme, chá kāfēi, háishì yǐnliào ?

Rénměi: Wǒ xiǎng hē chá. Xuéyǒu yěe hěn xǐhuan hē chá.

Lín láoshī: Shì ma ？Wǒ yě ài hē chá. Wǒ zhèr yǒu Fújiàn de Tiěguānyīn, Hángzhōu de Lóngjǐng hé Ānhuī de Máojiān, nǐ xiǎng hē nǎ yì zhǒng?

Rénměi: Lóngjǐng jiù hěn hǎo. Zài Měiguo jiāo wǒmen Hànyǔ de Wǎng lǎoshī chángcháng qǐng wǒ hé Xuéyǒu hé Lǒngjǐng chá.

(Xuéyǒu qiāo mén.)

Rénměi: Tīng, yǒu rén qiāo mén, kěnéng shì Xuéyǒu.

Lín láoshī: Wǒ qù kāi mén. (Lín lǎoshī kāi mén.) Shì Xuéyǒou, qǐng jìn. Zěnme, nǐ de shēn shang shī le.

Xuéyǒu : Xièxie Lín lǎoshī. Wài biān xià yǔ le, wǒ méi yǒu dài yǔsǎn. Hái hǎo, yǔ xià de bú dà.

Lín láoshī: Nà jiù hǎo. Xuéyǒu, hē bēi Lóngjǐng chá ba.

Xuéyǒu: Xièxie. Wǒ zuì ài hē Lóngjǐng chá le.

Lín láoshī: Jiē dào bàba māma de diànhuà le ma ?

Xuéyǒu: Jiē dào le. Tāmen zài diànhuà lǐ wèn wǒ, Běijīng de tīanqi zěnmeyang ？Rè bu rè？ Xià yǔ ma？Wǒ gàosu tāmen, zhèr de tiānqi biǎojiào rè, yòu bú xià yǔ. Zhè bu, xiànzài jiù xià yǔ le.

Lín láoshī: Zhè jǐ nián, Běijīng de xiàtiān yuèlái yuèrè. Xiàtiān rúguǒ xià yǔ, jiù huì liángkuai hěn duō.

Rénměi: Běijīng de chūntiān zěnmeyang?

Lín láoshī: Běijīng de chūntiān fēng hěn dà, yě bù cháng xià yǔ. Zhōngguo nánfāng de chūntiān zuì měi. Cóng gǔ dào jìn, wénrén mòkè wèi Zhōngguo nánfāng de chūn yǔ, chūn huā xiě le bù shǎo shī.

Xuéyǒu: Nín néng gěi wǒmen niàn yì shǒu ma?

Lín láoshī: Hǎo. Wǒ gěi nǐmen niàn yì shǒu gǔshī ba, shì Tángdài shírén Mèng Hàorán de « Chūn Xiǎo » :

Chūn mián bù jué xiǎo, chù chù wén tí niǎo,

Yè lái fēng yǔ shēng, huā luò zhī duō shǎo.

Rénmĕi: Zhè shŏu shī xiĕ de zhēn hăo. Lín lăoshi, nín néng gĕi wŏmen jiĕshi yí xiàr zhè shŏu shī ma?

Lín Lăoshi: Kĕyĭ.

(Lín lăoshi gĕi Xuéyŏu hé Rénmĕi jiĕshi zhè shŏu shī de yìsi.)

Xuéyŏu: Zhōngguó de gŭshī zhēn mĕi. Lín lăoshi, qĭng nín zài jièshào yì shŏu.

Rénmĕi: Shíjiān bù zăo le. Xuéyŏu, Lín lăoshi gāi xīuxi le.

Xuéyŏu: Duì, wŏmen gāi zŏu le. Lín lăoshi, wŏmen xià yí cì zài qĭng nín gĕi wŏmen jièshào gŭshī.

Lín Lăoshi: Méi wèntí. Nĭmen dĕng yí xià, wŏ kànkan yŭ tíng le méiyŏu. (Lín lăoshi qù chuāng kŏu kàn le yí xiàr.) Hĕn hăo, yŭ tíng le.

Xuéyŏu, Rénmĕi:Nà wŏmen zŏu le. Xièxie Lín lăoshi! Zàijiàn!

Lín Lăoshi: Zàijiàn! Huānyíng nĭmen cháng lái!

Text>

English

The fall in Beijing;

Beijing has four distinctive seasons. Like New York city, Beijing has hot summers, very cold winters, warm springs and cool autumns. Among these four seasons, the autumn is the best.

From September to November, it is the fall in Beijing. The weather is neither cold nor hot. The average temperature is about 18 degrees centigrade. Starting from September, people can feel the pleasantly coolness of the fall. The sky is always clear. It is seldom windy, and it doesn't rain. October in Beijing is the most beautiful (season).

October 1st is the Chinese National day. In order to celebrate National Day, People display a lot of flowers in streets. Beijing looks like a big garden.

When November arrives, the leaves at Fragrant Hill turn red.

People all go to see the autumn leaves there. Du Mu, a Tang Dynasty poet, once wrote a poetic line that reads "The frost-covered leaves are redder than the flowers of February ", lauding the leaves at this time as redder that the flowers in the spring.

The fall in Beijing is also the best touring season. A lot of foreign friends come to vist Beijing. They can vist many famous sites such as the Forbidden City, Bei Hai Park, the Temple of Heaven etc. They can also see the newly-built highway and modern international airport. They can even taste Beijing's various unique local delicacies. Present Beijing is not only an ancient city, but also a rapidly developing modern city.

Simplified

北京的秋天;

北京的气候四季分明。 像纽约一样, 北京有炎热的夏天, 寒冷的冬天, 暖和的春天和凉快的秋天。在这四个季节中, 秋天是北京最好的季节。

从九月到十一月, 北京的秋天气温不冷也不热, 平均温度在18摄氏度左右。 从九月开始, 人们就会感到秋天的凉爽。 天空常常是晴朗的, 很少刮风, 也不下雨。 十月的北京是最美丽的。 十月一日是国庆节。为了庆祝国庆节, 人们在街上摆满了鲜花, 北京就像一座大花园。

十一月到了, 香山的树叶都红了, 人们都去那儿看红叶, 中国唐代诗人杜牧曾写过：“霜叶红于二月花”的诗句, 赞美了这时的红叶比春天里的鲜花还要红。

北京的秋天, 也是最好的旅游季节。 有很多外国朋友来北京参观。他们可以游览故宫﹑北海﹑天坛等名胜古迹；又可以看到北京新建的高速公路和现代化国际机场, 还可以品尝到北京特有的风味小吃。今天的北京既是一座古老的城市又是一座快速发展的现代化城市。

Traditional

北京的秋天;

北京的氣候四季分明。 像紐約一樣﹐北京有炎熱的夏天﹐寒冷的冬天﹐暖和的春天和涼快的秋天。在這四個季節中﹐秋天是北京最好的季節。 從九月到十一月﹐北京的秋天氣溫不冷也不熱﹐平均溫度在18攝氏度左右。 從九月開始﹐人們就會感到秋天的涼爽。 天空常常是晴朗的﹐很少颳風﹐也不下雨。 十月的北京是最美麗的。

十月一日是國慶節。為了慶祝國慶節﹐人們在街上擺滿了鮮花﹐北京就像一座大花園。 十一月到了﹐香山的樹葉都紅了﹐人們都去那兒看紅葉﹐中國唐代詩人杜牧曾寫過﹕“霜葉紅于二月花”的詩句﹐讚美了這時的紅葉比春天裡的鮮花還要紅。

北京的秋天﹐也是最好的旅游季節。 有很多外國朋友來北京參觀。 他們可以游覽故宮﹑北海﹑天壇等名勝古蹟﹔又可以看到北京新建的高速公路和現代化國際機場﹐還可以品嚐到北京特有的風味小吃。今天的北京既是一座古老的城市又是一座快速發展的現代化城市。

Pinyin

Běijīng De Qīutiān;

Běijīng de qìhou sì jì fēnmíng. Xiàng Niǔyuē yíyàng, Běijīng yǒu yánrè de xiàtiān, hánlěng de dōngtiān, nuǎnhuo de chūntiān hé liángkuài de qiūtiān. Zài zhè sì ge jìjié zhōng, qiūtiān shì Běijīng zuì hǎo de jìjié.

Cóng jiǔ yuè dào shíyī yuè, Běijīng de qiūtiān qìwēn bù lěng yě bù rè, píngjūn wēndù shì 18 shèshìdù zuǒyòu. Cóng jiǔ yuè kāishǐ, rénmen jiù huì gǎndào qiūtiān de liángshuǎng. Tiānkōng chángcháng shì qínglǎng de, hěn shǎo guā fēng, yě bú xià yǔ.

Shí yuè de Běijīng shì zuì měilì de. Shí yuè yī rì shì guóqìngjié. Wèile qìngzhù guóqìngjié, rénmen zài jiē shang bǎi mǎn le xiānhuā, Běijīng jiù xiàng yí zuò dà huāyuán. Shíyī yuè dàao le, Xiāngshān de shùyè dōu hóng le, rénmen dōu qù nàr kàn hóngyè, Zhōngguo Tángdài shīrén Dù Mù céng xiě guò:”Shuāng yè hóng yú èr yuè huā”de shījù, zànměi le zhè shí de hóngyè bǐ chūntiān lǐ de xiānhuā hái yào hóng.

Běijīng de qiūtiān, yě shì zuì hǎo de lǚyóu jìijié. Yǒu hěn duō wàiguo péngyou lái Běijīng cānguān. Tāmen kěyǐ yóulǎan Gùgōng, Běihái, Tiāntán děng míngshèng gǔjì; yòu kěyǐ kàn dào Běijīng xīn jiàn de gāosù gōnglù hé xiàndàihuà guójì jīchǎng, hái kěyǐ pǐncháng dào Běijīng tèyǒu de fēngwèi xiǎochī. Jīntiān de Běijīng jì shì yí zuò gǔlǎo de chéngshì yòu shì yí zuò kuàisù fāzhǎn de xiàndàihuà chéngshì.

Vocabulary 词汇

Chinese Words | Pinyin | Part of Speech | Engl. Trans.
聊天 | liáo tiān | v. | to chat
口语 | kǒu yǔ | n. | spoken language
年轻 | nián qīng | adj. | young
结婚 | jié hūn | v. | to marry
单身 | dān shēng | adj. | single (not married)
敲(门) | qiāo mén | v. | to knock (on the door)
怎麽 | zěn me | idiomatic exp.w | hat's happening
饮料 | yǐn liào | n. | beverage; drink (esp. a soft drink
福建 | fú jià | n place name | a province of China
杭州 | háng zhōu | place name | a city of China
安徽 | ān huī | place name | a province of China
铁观音 | tiě guān yīn | proper noun | a special type of tea
龙井 | lóng jǐng | proper noun | a special type of tea
毛尖 | máo jiān | proper noun | a special type of tea
湿 | shī | adj. | wet
雨伞 | yǔ sǎn | n. | umbrella
还好 | hái hǎo | idiomatic exp. | fortunately
南方的 | nán fāngde | adj.adj. | southern
这不 | zhè bu | idiomatic exp. | but, no...
越来越 | yuè lái yuè | ad. | more and more
凉快 | liáng kuài | adj. | nice and cool
从...到 | cóng dào | conj. | from...to
文人墨客 | wénrénmòkè | n. | phrase scholar; man of letters man of letters
为... | wèi... | prep. | for for
春雨 | chūn yǔ | n. | spring rain
春花 | chūn huā | n. | spring flowers
念 | niàn | v. | to read
首 | shǒu | measure word | for songs and poems
诗 | shī | n. | poems; poetry
古诗 | gǔ shī | n. | ancient poem(s)
唐代 | táng dài | n. phrase | Tang Dynasty
诗人 | shī rén | n. | poet
孟浩然 | Mèng Hàorán | person namea | well known poet in the Tang Dynasty
解释 | jiě shì | v. | to explain
意思 | yì si | n. | meaning
气候 | qì hòu | n. | weather
四季 | sì jì | n. | four seasons
分明 | fēn míng | adj. | distinctive
炎热 | yán rè | adj. | hot
夏天 | xià tiān | n. | summer
寒冷 | hán lěng | adj. | cold
冬天 | dōng tiān | n. | winter
暖和 | nuǎn huo | adj. | warm
春天 | chūn tiān | n. | spring
秋天 | qiū tiān | n. | fall, autumn
平均 | píng jūn | n. | average
摄氏度 | shè shì dù | n. | degree in centigrade
左右 | zuǒ yòu | adv. | about
开始 | kāi shǐ | n. | begin
凉爽 | liáng shuǎng | adj. | pleasantly cool
天空 | tiān kōng | n. | the sky
晴朗 | qíng lǎng | adj. | clear, sunny
刮风 | guā fēng | v. | to blow wind
美丽 | měi lì | adj. | beautiful
国庆节 | guó qìng jié | n. | the national day
庆祝 | qìng zhù | v. | to celebrate
摆 | bǎi | v. | to display, to place
满 | mǎn | adj. | full
树叶 | shù yè | n. | leaf
香山 | xiāng shān | place name | Fragrant Hill
红叶 | hóng yè | n. | red leaf
杜牧 | Dù Mù | person name | a well-known poet in the Tang Dynasty
曾 | céng | adv. | once
诗句 | shī jù | n. | poetic line; verse
赞美 | zàn měi | v. | to praise; to laud
鲜花 | xiān huā | n. | fresh flowers
游览 | yóu lǎn | v. | to tour
新建 | xīn jiàn | adj. | new-built
品尝 | pǐn cháng | v. | to taste (to evaluate or enjoy)
特有 | tè yǒu | adj. | unique, special to
风味 | fēng wèi | adj.l | ocal style
小吃 | xiǎo chī | n. | local delicacies
快速 | kuài sù | adv. | rapidly
发展 | fā zhǎn | v. | to develop

Grammar 语法

1. The Use of the Modal Particle 了 for New or Changed Situations

The modal particle 了 appears frequently at the end of a sentence to indicate a new or changed situation. The sentence pattern should be:

subject + predicate + 了

(1.) When a sentence has an adjectival predicate, the modal particle 了 is used at the end of the sentence to indicate a changed situation.

For example:

1.) 北京的天气热了。 (以前不热)  Beijing's weather is getting hot. (It was not hot before.)

2.) 时间不早了。 (刚才还早) It is getting late. (It was still early just now.)

3.) 香山的树叶都红了。(以前不红)  The leaves in the Fragrant Hill have all turned red. (They were not red before.)

4.) 他的女儿漂亮了。 (以前没有那麽漂亮)  His daughter is getting pretty. (She was not that pretty before.)

(2.) When a sentence has a nominal predicate, the modal particle 了 is used at the end of the sentence to indicate a new situation.

For example:

1.) 今天七月一号了, 应该交房租了。 Today is already July 1st, (we) should pay the rent.

2.) 现在七点半了, 应该吃晚饭了。 It is already 7:30 now, (we) should eat dinner.

3.) 他的女儿今年三十岁了, 应该结婚了。 His daughter has turned 30 this year, (she) should get married.

4.) 这个小女孩今年七岁了, 应该上小学了。 This little girl has turned 7 this year, (she) should go to elementary school.

(3.) When a sentence has a verbal predicate, the modal particle 了 is used at the end of the sentence to indicate either a new or a changed situation.

For example:

1.) 外边下雪了。 (原来没有下)  It has started to snow outside. (It was not snowing just a moment ago.)

2.) 我们该走了。 (原来还早, 还可以坐坐)  We should go (now). (It was early before, and we could sit for a while.)

3.) 现在雨停了。 (刚才还在下雨)  The rain has stopped now. (It was still raining just a moment ago.)

4.) 他喜欢喝龙井茶了。 (原来他不喜欢喝龙井茶)  He has started to like drinking Longjing tea. (He didn't like to drink Longjing tea before.)

5.) 我会说中文了。 (原来我不会说中文)  I can speak Chinese (now). (I couldn't speak Chinese before.)

2. Subjectless Sentences

In Chinese, when describing natural phenomena, especially when describing the weather, people usually use subjectless sentences. The reason why people use subjectless sentences, as can be observed in the following examples, is because when describing natural phenomena, the subject can not be specified into a particular agent. (Note that English supplies the subject "it", which is not done in Chinese.)

For examples:

1.) 明天会下雪, 你要多穿一点儿衣服。 It will snow tomorrow. You should wear more clothes.

2.) 外边刮风了, 天很冷。 It started to get windy outside. It was very cold.

3.) 昨天下雨, 今天出太阳, 天气变化真大。 It rained yesterday, and it is sunny today. The weather changes a lot.

4.) 今天起大雾了, 开车要小心。 It is very foggy today. Be careful when you drive.

Another commonly used type of subjectless sentences is one that indicates existence. This type of sentences begin with 有 or 没有, corresponding to the "there is/are..." or "there is not/are not..."

pattern in English. However, this type of subjectless sentences is usually only about people, not about matter or things. The pattern of this type of subjectless sentences is:

有人 + Verb / 有 + Noun (about people) + Verb

没有人 + Verb / 没有 + Noun (about people) + Verb

For example:

1.) 有人在敲门, 可能是学友。 Someone is knocking at the door. Probably it is Xueyou.

2.) 有学生给林老师打电话。 Some student called Teacher Lin on the phone.

3.) 没有人带雨伞。 还好, 雨下得不大。 one brought an umbrella. Fortunately, it is not raining hard.

4.) 没有学生看过这部电影。 None of the students has seen this movie.

3. Adjectival Comparisons

To compare the degree of an adjective, the degree adverbs 还要 (even), 更 (more) and 最 (most) are used. To express the meaning of something/somebody is better than something else/somebody else, the pattern "比 + n./pron. + 还要(更) + adj." is used. To express the meaning that something/somebody is the best, the pattern "最 + adj." is used.

Is better than

比 + n./pron. + 还要(更) + adj.

For example:

1.) 北京的夏天比纽约的夏天更热。 The summer in Beijing is hotter that the summer in New York.

2.) 北京秋天的红叶比春天里的鲜花还要红。 Red leaves in the fall in Beijing are even redder than flowers in the spring.

3.) 美国大学生的暑假比中国大学生的暑假还要长。 The summer break of American college students is even longer than the summer break of Chinese college students.

4.) 北京的冬天比上海的冬天更冷。 The winter in Beijing is colder than the winter in Shanghai.

Is the best

最 + adj.

For example:

1.) 秋天是北京最好的季节。 The fall is the best season in Beijing.

2.) 中国南方的春天最美。 The spring in the south of China is the most beautiful (season).

3.) 林老师是中文系最年轻的老师。 Teacher Lin is the youngest teacher in the Chinese Department.

4.) 上海是中国最现代化的城市。 Shanghai is the most modernized city in China.

4. The Structure “越来越...”

The structure “越来越...”is used when the speaker would like to express the meaning of "something/somebody (becoming) more and more...". The basic pattern is:

something/somebody + 越来越 + adj.

For example:

1.) 这几年, 北京的夏天越来越热。 In recent years, the summer in Beijing hass become hotter and hotter.

2.) 小丁的中文口语越来越好。 Xiaoding's Chinese oral speaking is getting better and better.

3.) 这几年, 来美国的中国留学生越来越多。 In recent years, more and more Chinese students have come to study in the U.S.

5. The Structure “如果...就...”

The structure “如果...就...”is a commonly used conditional pattern, meaning "if...then...". 如果 is followed by a conditional clause, and 就 is followed by a result clause.

For example:

1.) 夏天如果下雨, 天气就会凉快很多。 If it rains in the summer, it (the weather) will become much cooler.

2.) 如果你十月去北京, 你就能看到香山的红叶。 If you go to Beijing in October, you will see the red leaves in the Frangrant Hill.

3.) 如果你有语法问题, 就给我打电话。 If you have Grammar question, (you can) call me.

6. The Structure “既...又...”

The structure “既...又...”means "both...and", "as well as". It is used when the speaker would like to talk about two situations that occur concurrently or two things/features that are of the same importance.

For example:

1.) 今天的北京既是一座古老的城市, 又是一座快速发展的现代化城市。 The present Beijing is an ancient city as well as a rapidly developing and modernized city.

2.) 林老师既是小丁和学友的老师, 又是他们的朋友。 Teacher Lin is Xiaoding and Xueyou's teacher, as well as their friend.

3.) 北京大学既是一所有名的大学, 又是一个美丽的大花园。 Beijing University is a famous university, as well as a beautiful garden.

4.) 这家中国餐馆的菜既好吃, 又便宜。 The food in this Chinese restaurant is both good to eat and cheap.

Speech patterns

1. The Use of the Modal Particle 了 for New or Changed Situations

时间很晚了, 该睡觉了。

现在七月了, 可以去海边游泳了。

现在九点了, 应该起床吃早饭了。

王老师的儿子开开高了。 他今年该上小学了。 

外边刮风了, 别去图书馆了。

王老师以前不喝咖啡, 现在他喝了。 

Shíjiān hěn wǎnle, gāi shuìjiàole.

Xiànzài qī yuèle, kěyǐ qù hǎibiān yóuyǒngle.

Xiànzài jiǔ diǎnle, yīnggāi qǐchuáng chī zǎofànle.

Wáng lǎoshī de érzi kāi kāi gāole. Tā jīnnián gāi shàng xiǎoxuéle.

Wàibian guā fēngle, bié qù túshū guǎnle.

Wáng lǎoshī yǐqián bù hē kāfēi, xiànzài tā hēle.

It is getting late, (we/you) should go to sleep.

It is already July now, (we/you) can go to the seaside to swim.

It is already 9:00am, (we/you) should get up and eat breakfast.

Teacher Wang's son Kaikai has grown tall. He should go to the elementary school this year.

It got windy outside. Don't go to the library.

Teacher Wang didn't drink coffee before. Now he has started to drink coffee.

2. Subjectless Sentences

今天下午会下雨, 别忘了带雨伞。

现在刮风了, 多穿一点儿衣服。

有朋友送我一本英文小说。 

昨天有人给她打了一个电话。 

没有学生喜欢考试。 

Jīntiān xiàwǔ huì xià yǔ, bié wàngle dài yǔsǎn.

Xiànzài guā fēngle, duō chuān yīdiǎn er yīfú.

Yǒu péngyǒu sòng wǒ yī běn yīngwén xiǎoshuō.

Zuótiān yǒurén gěi tā dǎle yīgè diànhuà.

Méiyǒu xuéshēng xǐhuān kǎoshì.

It will rain this afternoon. Don't forget to bring your umbrella.

It's windy. Wear more clothes.

A friend gave me an English novel as a gift.

Someone called her yesterday.

No student likes exams.

3. Adjectival Comparisons

昨天很热, 今天比昨天还要热。 

她的妹妹很漂亮, 她比她妹妹更漂亮。 

学友的中文很好, 小丁的中文比学友的中文更好。

北京的秋天, 中外游客最多。

这个学生食堂的饭菜最好。

Zuótiān hěn rè, jīntiān bǐ zuótiān hái yào rè.

Tā de mèimei hěn piàoliang, tā bǐ tā mèimei gèng piàoliang.

Xuéyǒu de zhōngwén hěn hǎo, xiǎo dīng de zhōngwén bǐ xuéyǒu de zhōngwén gèng hǎo.

Běijīng de qiūtiān, zhōngwài yóukè zuìduō.

Zhège xuéshēng shítáng de fàncài zuì hǎo.

Yesterday was very hot. Today is even hotter than yesterday.

Her younger sister is very pretty. She is more pretty than her younger sister.

Xueyou's Chinese is very good. Xiaoding's Chinese is better than Xueyou's Chinese.

In the fall in Beijing, (the number of ) Chinese and foreign tourists is the greatest.

The food of this student dining hall is the best.

4. The Structure “越来越...”

春天来了, 天气越来越暖和。

这几年, 中国的变化越来越大。

到中国旅游的外国游客越来越多。

这几年, 北京的汽车越来越多。

Chūntiān láile, tiānqì yuè lái yuè nuǎnhuo.

Zhè jǐ nián, zhōngguó de biànhuà yuè lái yuè dà.

Dào zhōngguó lǚyóu de wàiguó yóukè yuè lái yuè duō.

Zhè jǐ nián, běijīng de qìchē yuè lái yuè duō.

Spring has come. It is getting warmer and warmer.

In recent years, the changes in China are greater and greater.

More and more foreign tourists are traveling to China.

In recent years, there are more and more cars in Beijing.

5. The Structure “如果...就...”

如果你想今天晚上去看电影, 我就和你一起去。

如果你喜欢吃中国菜, 你就应该去这个中国餐馆。

如果你想了解中国文化和历史, 你就应该去北京。

如果明天天气很好, 我们就去长城玩儿。

Rúguǒ nǐ xiǎng jīntiān wǎnshàng qù kàn diànyǐng, wǒ jiù hé nǐ yīqǐ qù.

Rúguǒ nǐ xǐhuān chī zhōngguó cài, nǐ jiù yīnggāi qù zhège zhōngguó cānguǎn.

Rúguǒ nǐ xiǎng liǎojiě zhōngguó wénhuà hé lìshǐ, nǐ jiù yīnggāi qù běijīng.

Rúguǒ míngtiān tiānqì hěn hǎo, wǒmen jiù qù chángchéng wán er.

If you would like to see a movie tonight, I will go with you.

If you would like to eat Chinese food, you should go to this Chinese restaurant.

If you would like to understand Chinese culture and history, you should go to Beijing.

If it is fine tomorrow, we will go to the Great Wall and have fun.

6. The Structure “既...又...”

小丁既喜欢听中国音乐, 又喜欢看中国电影。

学友妈妈作的点心既好看, 又好吃。

当小丁和学友到北京机场的时候, 他们既高兴, 又惊讶。

北京大学既是林老师的母校, 又是他工作的地方。

Xiǎo dīng jì xǐhuān tīng zhōngguó yīnyuè, yòu xǐhuān kàn zhòng guó diànyǐng.

Xuéyǒu māmā zuò de diǎnxīn jì hǎokàn, yòu hào chī.

Dāng xiǎo dīng hé xuéyǒu dào běijīng jīchǎng de shíhòu, tāmen jì gāoxìng, yòu jīngyà.

Běijīng dàxué jìshì lín lǎoshī de mǔxiào, yòu shì tā gōngzuò dì dìfāng.

Xiaoding likes to listen to Chinese music, as well as to watch Chinese movies.

The dessert that Xueyou's mom made both looks good and tastes good.

When Xiaoding and Xueyou arrived at Beijing Airport, they were both happy and surprised.

Beijing University is Teacher Lin's Alma Mater, as well as the place where he works.

7. The Structure 为了... "in order to"

为了庆祝国庆节, 人们在北京的街上摆满了鲜花。

为了学习中文, 小丁和学友来北京大学学习。

为了参加星期六的晚会, 我买了一条新裙子。

为了去机场接朋友, 他早上六点就起床了。

Wèile qìngzhù guóqìng jié, rénmen zài běijīng de jiē shàng bǎi mǎnle xiānhuā.

Wèile xuéxí zhōngwén, xiǎo dīng hé xuéyǒu lái běijīng dàxué xuéxí.

Wèile cānjiā xīngqíliù de wǎnhuì, wǒ mǎile yītiáo xīn qúnzi.

Wèile qù jīchǎng jiē péngyǒu, tā zǎoshang liù diǎn jiù qǐchuángle.

In order to celebrate National Day, people displayed flowers in the streets in Beijing.

In order to study Chinese, Xiaoding and Xueyou came to Beijing University to study.

n order to attend the party on Saturday, I bought a new skirt.

In order to pick up his friend at the airport, he got up early at 6:00am.

Lesson 34

Dialogue

English

Going to the post office to mail pictures;

Xueyou: Excuse me, is Renmei in?

Renmei's roomate: Yes, please come in, she is waiting for you.

Xueyou: Thank you.

Renmei: Xueyou, come on in and look at these pictures, I want to mail some to my parents and friends.

Xueyou: Wow, so many pictures, I want to look at them carefully.

Renmei: Yea, some of these pictures were taken in Beijing University, some of them in parks. I want to choose some good ones and mail (the pictures to) them, to let them know more about Beijing.

Xueyou: That's a good idea. I should mail some pictures to my parents and friends too.

Renmei: Xueyou, look, this one is Fragrant Hill. A full hill of red leaves, so beautiful. This one is at the entrance to Beijing University. You were holding a map of Beijing that you just bought.

Xueyou: Now I still carry the map with me, in order not to get lost.

Renmei: All right, let's mail these pictures. Now Let's go to the post office.

(In the post office, Renmei is mailing a letter, Xueyou is buying post cards)

Renmei: Hello, I want to mail a letter to the U.S.

Clerk A: Please stand in the queue at Window 2.

(At Window 2)

Renmei: I want to send an international letter.

Clerk B: You need to buy an international envelope first. Give it to me after writing down the address.

Renmei: I have an envelop with me, and I have already written down the address.

Clerk B: Let me take a look. Ok, no problem.

Renmei: Would you tell me how long will it take to get to the U.S. ?

Clerk B: By airmail it takes ten to fifteen days. If it is express mail, it will be much faster. It is about three to five days.

However, it (express mail) is quite expensive.

Renmei: Then I will send it by airmail.

Clerk B: The postage is fifteen Yuan.

Renmei: Here is fifteen Yuan. Thanks!

Xueyou: Miss, I would like to buy some postcards.

Clerk C: There are many kinds of postcards here. We have landscapes, persons, and animals, which do you like?

Xueyou: One set each, please. I want to give them to my American friends. I hope that they will learn more about China.

Clerk C: Here are three sets, thirty cards total. I think your friends will definitely like them.

Xueyou: By the way, if I want to pick up a package, what should I do?

Clerk C: You need to bring the package notice and your identification.

Xueyou: I see. Thank you very much!

Simplified

到邮局寄照片;

学友：请问, 人美在吗？

人美的室友：在, 请进, 她正在等着你呢.

学友：谢谢。

人美：学友, 快来看这些照片, 我想寄给我的爸爸妈妈和朋友们。

学友：啊, 这麽多的照片, 我要认真地看一看。

人美：是啊, 这些照片, 有的是在北京大学校园内照的, 有的是在公园里照的。我想选一些好的寄给他们, 让他们多了解了解北京。

学友：这个主意不错。 我也应该寄一些照片给我爸爸妈妈和朋友们。

人美：学友, 你看这张是香山, 满山的红叶, 真美。这张是我们在北大的校门口, 你手里还拿着刚买来的北京地图呢。

学友：现在我还是随身带着地图, 为了不迷路。

人美：好了, 就寄这些照片吧。 现在我们一起去邮局吧。

(在邮局里, 人美在寄信, 学友在买明信片。)

人美：您好, 我想寄一封信到美国。

营业员甲：请在二号窗口排队等着。

(在二号窗口。)

人美：我要寄一封国际航空信。

营业员乙：你需要先买一个国际信封, 填好地址後再给我。

人美：我自己带着信封, 而且已经写好地址了。

营业员乙：让我看一下儿。 很好, 没问题。

人美：请问, 到美国需要多少天？

营业员乙：航空信通常需要十到十五天。 如果是特快专递, 就会快得多。 大概需要三到五天。 但是, 邮费很贵。

人美：就寄航空信吧。

营业员乙：邮费是十五元。

人美：给您十五元。 谢谢！

学友：小姐, 我想买一些明信片。

营业员丙：这里有很多种类, 有风景的, 有人物的, 还有动物的, 你喜欢哪一种？

学友：各买一套吧, 送给我的美国朋友。 我希望他们更多地了解中国。

营业员丙：三套一共三十张, 我想你的朋友们一定会喜欢的。

学友：顺便问一下儿, 如果我要取包裹, 需要什麽手续？

营业员丙：你需要带着包裹单和你的身份证件。

学友：我知道了。 非常感谢！

Traditional

到郵局寄照片;

學友﹕請問﹐人美在嗎﹖

人美的室友﹕在﹐請進﹐她正在等著你呢.

學友﹕謝謝。

人美﹕學友﹐快來看這些照片﹐我想寄給我的爸爸媽媽和朋友們。

學友﹕啊﹐這麼多的照片﹐我要認真地看一看。

人美﹕是啊﹐這些照片﹐有的是在北京大學校園內照的﹐有的是在公園裡照的。我想選一些好的寄給他們﹐讓他們多了解了解北京。

學友﹕這個主意不錯。 我也應該寄一些照片給我爸爸媽媽和朋友們。

人美﹕學友﹐你看這張是香山﹐滿山的紅葉﹐真美。這張是我們在北大的校門口﹐你手裡還拿著剛買來的北京地圖呢。

學友﹕現在我還是隨身帶著地圖﹐為了不迷路。

人美﹕好了﹐就寄這些照片吧。 現在我們一起去郵局吧。

(在郵局裡﹐ 人美在寄信﹐學友在買明信片。)

人美﹕您好﹐我想寄一封信到美國。

營業員甲﹕請在二號窗口排隊等著。

(在二號窗口。)

人美﹕我要寄一封國際航空信。

營業員乙﹕你需要先買一個國際信封﹐填好地址後再給我。

人美﹕我自己帶著信封﹐而且已經寫好地址了。

營業員乙﹕讓我看一下兒。 很好﹐沒問題。

人美﹕請問﹐到美國需要多少天﹖

營業員乙﹕航空信通常需要十到十五天。 如果是特快專遞﹐就會快得多。 大概 需要三到五天。 但是﹐郵費很貴。

人美﹕就寄航空信吧。

營業員乙﹕郵費是十五元。

人美﹕給您十五元。 謝謝﹗

學友﹕小姐﹐我想買一些明信片。

營業員丙﹕這裡有很多種類﹐有風景的﹐有人物的﹐還有動物的﹐你喜歡哪一種﹖

學友﹕各買一套吧﹐送給我的美國朋友。 我希望他們更多地了解中國。

營業員丙﹕三套一共三十張﹐我想你的朋友們一定會喜歡的。

學友﹕順便問一下兒﹐如果我要取包裹﹐需要什麼手續﹖

營業員丙﹕你需要帶著包裹單和你的身份證件。

學友﹕我知道了。 非常感謝﹗

Pinyin

Dào Yóujú Jì Zhàopiàn;

Xuéyǒu : Qǐng wèn, Rénměi zài ma ?

Rénměi de shìyǒu : Zài, qǐng jìn, tā zhèngzài děng zhe nǐ ne ?

Xuéyǒu : Xièxie.

Rénměi : Xuéyǒu, kuài lái kàn zhè xiē zhàopiàan, wǒ xiǎng jì gěi wǒ de bàba māma hé péngyoumen.

Xuéyǒu : Ā, zhème duō de zhàopiàn, wǒ yào rènzhēn de kàn yi kàn.

Rénměi : Shì a, zhè xiē zhàopiàn, yǒu de shì zài Běijīng dàxué xiàoyuán nèi zhào de, yǒu de shì zài gōngyuán lǐ zhào de.

Wǒ xiǎng xuǎn yì xiē hǎo de jì gěi tāmen, ràng tāmen duō liǎojiě liǎojiě Běijīng.

Xuéyǒu : Zhè ge zhúyi bú cuò. Wǒ yě yīnggāi jì yì xiē zhàopiàn gěi wǒ bàba māma hé péngyoumen.

Rénměi : Xuéyǒu, nǐ kàn zhè zhāng shì Xiāngshān, mǎn shān de hóngyè, zhēn měi. Zhè zhāng shì wǒmen zài Běi Dà de xiào ménkǒu, nǐ shǒu lǐ hái ná zhe gāng mǎi lái de Běijīng dìtú ne.

Xuéyǒu : Xiànzài wǒ hái shì suíshēn dài zhe dìtú, wèile bù mí lù.

Rénměi : Hǎo le, jiù jì zhè xiē zhàopiàn ba. Xiànzài wǒmen yìqǐ qù yóujú ba.

Text

English

How to write a Chinese envelope;

It has been over a month since Xueyou and Xiaoding arrived in Beijing University to study Chinese. One Sunday morning, Xueyou went to Xiaoding's dorm to see her. Xiaoding was putting her pictures in order. There were many pictures on her desk. Some were old pictures brought from the U.S., some were new pictures taken in Beijing. Just a few days ago, Xueyou went to the post office with Xiaoding and sent some new pictures they took in Beijing to Xiaoding's mom and dad. Xueyou was looking at the pictures brought from the U.S. Some were pictures they took with Teacher Wang, some others were scenic pictures of their school. Xueyou said to Xiaoding: "Look, these pictures have Teacher Wang in them, and also our school. Let's select some and mail them to Teacher Wang's wife. She will definitely like them when she sees them." Xiaoding said gladly:"Right. This is a great idea. I have Teacher Wang's home address in Beijing with me. However, I heard that the way Chinese address envelopes is different from the way we Americans do. Let's call Teacher Lin and ask."

Then, Xiaoding called Teacher Lin. Teacher Lin told Xiaoding, addressing a Chinese envelope is different from addressing an English envelope. When writing a Chinese envelope, (one) should write the address of the receiver in the middle of the envelope. Under the receiver's address, (one) should write the name of the receiver. On the right bottom of the envelope, (one) should write the address and the name of the sender. Teacher Lin also told Xiaoding that Teacher Wang's wife lives in Beijing; when (Xiaoding and Xueyou) send the letter, (they) should send it by local mail.

Xiaoding and Xueyou wrote the envelope according to what Teacher Lin said on the phone. They knew that post office in China opens on Saturdays and Sundays. Therefore, they went to the post office to send the letter to Teacher Wang's wife right away.

Simplified

怎样写中文信封？;

学友和小丁到北京大学学习汉语已经一个多月了。 一个星期天的上午, 学友到小丁的宿舍看她。 小丁正在整理照片。 她的桌子上放着很多照片。 有的是从美国带来的旧照片, 有的是在北京照的新照片。 前几天, 学友刚刚和小丁一起去邮局, 寄了一些他们在北京照的新照片给小丁的爸爸﹑妈妈。 学友看着从美国带来的照片, 有些是他们两个人和王老师一起照的, 还有一些是他们学校的风景照。

学友对小丁说：“你看, 这些照片里有王老师, 还有我们的学校, 我们选一些寄给王老师的太太吧。 她看了一定会很喜欢。” 小丁高兴地说：“对, 这真是个好主意。 我这儿有王老师在北京的家的地址。 不过, 我听说, 中国人写信封的方法跟我们美国人不太一样。 我们打电话问一下儿林老师吧。”

於是, 小丁给林老师打电话。 林老师告诉小丁, 写中文信封和写英文信封是不一样。 写中文信封的时候, 信封的中间应该写着收信人的地址。 收信人的地址下边应该写着收信人的姓名。 信封的右下角应该写着寄信人的地址和姓名。 林老师还告诉小丁, 王老师的太太住在北京, 寄信的时候应该寄本市信。 小丁和学友按照林老师电话里说的, 写好了信封。 他们知道, 中国的邮局星期六, 星期天也营业, 所以, 他们现在就去邮局寄信给王老师的太太。

Traditional>

怎樣寫中文信封﹖;

學友和小丁到北京大學學習漢語已經一個多月了。 一個星期天的上午﹐學友到小丁的宿舍看她。 小丁正在整理照片。 她的桌子上放著很多照片。 有的是從美國帶來的舊照片﹐有的是在北京照的新照片。

前幾天﹐學友剛剛和小丁一起去郵局﹐ 寄了一些他們在北京照的新照片給小丁的爸爸﹑媽媽。 學友看著從美國帶來的照片﹐有些是他們兩個人和王老師一起照的﹐ 還有一些是他們學校的風景照。

學友對小丁說﹕“你看﹐這些照片裡有王老師﹐還有我們的學校﹐ 我們選一些寄給王老師的太太吧。 她看了一定會很喜歡。” 小丁高興地說﹕“對﹐這真是個好主意。 我這兒有王老師在北京的家的地址。 不過﹐我聽說﹐中國人寫信封的方法跟我們美國人不太一樣。 我們打電話問一下兒林老師吧。”

於是﹐小丁給林老師打電話。 林老師告訴小丁﹐寫中文信封和寫英文信封是不一樣。 寫中文信封的時候﹐信封的中間應該寫著收信人的地址。 收信人的地址下邊應該寫著收信人的姓名。 信封的右下角應

該寫著寄信人的地址和姓名。 林老師還告訴小丁﹐ 王老師的太太住在北京﹐寄信的時候應該寄本市信。 小丁和學友按照林老師電話裡說的﹐ 寫好了信封。 他們知道﹐ 中國的郵局星期六﹐星期天也營業﹐ 所以﹐他們現在就去郵局寄信給王老師的太太。

Pinyin

Zěnyàng Xiě Zhōngwén Xìnfēng?;

Xuéyǒu hé Xiǎo Dīng dào Běijīng dàxué xuéxí Hànyǔ yǐjīng yí ge duō yuè le. Yí ge xīngqītiān de shàngwǔ, Xuéyǒu dào Xiǎo Dīng de sùshè kàn tā. Xiǎo Dīng zhèngzài zhěnglǐ zhàopiàn. Tā de zhuōzi shang fàng zhe hěn duō zhàopiàn. Yǒu de shì cóng Měiguo dài lái de jiù zhàopiàn, yǒu de shì zài Běijīng zhào de xīn zhàopiàn.

Qián jǐ tiān, Xuéyǒu gānggāng hé Xiǎo Dīng yìqǐ qù yóujú, jì le yì xiē tāmen zài Běijīng zhào de xīn zhàopiàn gěi Xiǎo Dīng de bàba māma. Xuéyǒu kàn zhe cóng Měiguodài lái de zhàopiàn, yǒu xiē shì tāmen liǎng ge rén hé Wáng lǎoshī yìqǐ zhào de, hái yǒu yì xiē shì tāmen xuéxiào de fēngjǐng zhào.

Xuéyǒu duì Xiǎo Dīng shuō: “Nǐ kàn, zhè xiē zhàopiàn lǐ yǒu Wáng lǎoshī, hái yǒu wǒmen de xuéxiào, wǒmen xuǎn yì xiē jì gěi Wáng lǎoshī de tàitai ba. Tā kàn le yídìng huìi hěn xǐhuan.” Xiǎo Dīng gāoxing de shuō:”Duì, zhè zhēn shì ge hǎo zhúyi. Wǒ zhèr yǒu Wáng lǎoshī zài Běijīng de jiā de dìzhǐ. Búguò, wǒ tīngshuō,

Zhōngguo rén xiě xìnfēng de fāngfǎ gēn wǒmen Měiguo rén bù tài yíyang. Wǒmen dǎ diànhuà wèn yí xiàr Lín lǎoshī ba.”Yúshì, Xiǎo Dīng gěi Lín lǎoshī dǎ diànhuà. Lín lǎoshī gàosu Xiǎo Dīng, xiě Zhōngwén xìnfēng hé xiě Yīngwén xìnfēng shì bù yíyàng.

Xiě Zhōngwén xìnfēng deshíhou, xìnfēng de zhōngjiān yīnggāi shì xiě zhe shōu xìn rén de dìzhǐ. Shōu xìn ren de dìzhǐ xià yīnggāi xiě zhe shōu xìn ren de xìngmíng. Xìnfēng de yòu xià jiǎo yīnggāi xiě zhe jì xìn rén de dìzhǐ hé xìngmíng. Lín lǎoshī hái gàosu Xiǎo Dīng, Wáng lǎoshī de tàitai zhù zài Běijīng, jì xìn deshíhou yīngāi jì běn shì xìn. Xiǎo Dīng hí Xuéyǒu ànzhào Lín lǎoshī diànhuà lǐ shuō de, xiě hǎo le xìnfēng. Tāmen zhīdao, Zhōngguo de yóujú xīngqīngliù, xīngqīngtiān yě yíngyè, suǒyǐ, tāmen xiànzài jiù qù yóujú jì xìn gěi Wáng lǎoshī de tàitai.

Vocabulary 词汇

Chinese Words | Pinyin | Part of Speech | Engl. Trans.
校园 | xiàoyuán | n. | campus
主意 | zhǔyi  | n. | idea
不错 | búcuò | idiom exp. | not bad
随身 | suíshēn | exp. | (carry) on one's person; (take) with one
迷路 | mílù | v. | to lose
封 | fēng | measure word | for letters
号 | hào | n. | number
平信 | píngxìn | n. | ordinary mail
航空信 | hángkōngxìn | n. | air mail
信封 | xìnfēng | n. | envelope
写信封 | xiěxìnfēng | v. phrase | to address an envelope
营业员 | yíngyèyuán | n. | clerk
通常 | tōngcháng | adv. | generally; usually
特快转递 | tèkuàizhuāndì | phrase | express mail
邮费 | yóufèi | n. | postage
贵 | guì | adj. E | xpensive
明信片 | míngxìnpiàn | n. | postcard
种类 | hǒnglèi | n. | kinds, types
风景 | fēngjǐng | n. | scenery, landscape
人物 | rénwù | n. | person
动物 |  dòngwù | n. | animal
套 | tào | measure word | (for books, furniture, rooms, methods, remarks, etc.) set; suit; suite
顺便问一下儿 | shùnbiànwènyíxiàer  | idiom exp. | by the way
取 | qǔ | v. | to pick up
包裹 | bāoguǒ | n. | parcel, package
包裹单 | bāoguǒdān | n. | package (arrival) notice
身份 | shēnfèn | n. | identity
证件 | zhèngjiàn | n. | documents, credentials, certificate
整理 | zhěnglǐ | v. | to arrange; to put in order
旧 | jiù | adj. | old
照片 | zhàopiàn | n. | photo, picture
刚刚 | gānggāng | adv. | just
邮局 | yóujú | n. | post office
寄 | jì | v. | to mail
选 | xuǎn | v. | to choose; to select
方法 | fāngfǎ | n. | way; method
地址 | dìzhǐ | n. | address
收信人 | shōuxìnrén | n. | addressee; receiver
右下角 | yòuxiàjiǎo | direction word | lower right corner
按照 | ànzhào | adv. | according to
营业 | yíngyè | v. | to do business
静静地 |  jìngjìngde | v. | quietly
盆 | pén | measure word | for things held in a basin, tub, or pot
风筝 | fēng zhēng | n. | kite
只 | zhī | measure word | For boats, birds, some animals, some containers, and one of certain paired things
午夜 | wǔyè | time word | midnight
湖 | hú | n. | lake
欢呼雀跃 | huānhūquèyuè | idiom | to cheer, to exclaim

Grammar 语法

1. The Continuous Aspect of an Action--the Use of 着

The aspect particle 着 is placed after the verb in a sentence to indicate the continuation of an action. The subject of the sentence can be a person or a place. The sentence pattern is as follows:

S + V + 着 + O

The pattern is used to describe the continuous aspect of an action by a person/people or the continuous aspect of a state about a person/people.

For example:

1.) 人美在宿舍等着学友呢。 Renmei is waiting for Xueyou in the dorm.

2.) 学友看着人美在北京照的新照片。 Xueyou is looking at the new pictures Renmei took in Beijing.

3.) 王老师喝着从中国带来的龙井茶。 Teacher Wang is drinking the Longjing tea (he) brought from China.

The pattern is also used to describe the continuous aspect of an action or the continuous aspect of a state effecting a place.

For example:

1.) 小丁的桌子上放着很多照片。 Many pictures are placed on Xiaoding's desk.

2.) 信封上写着小丁爸爸的名字。 Xiaoding's father's name is written down on the envelope.

3.) 这间宿舍住着两个美国留学生。 Two American students live in this dorm.

In sentences with series of verbal structures, the aspect particle 着 is placed after the first verb to describe the state or manner in which the second action is carried out.

For example:

1.) 小丁拿着一张照片问林老师：“您的这张照片是在北大图书馆照的吗？” Xiaoding asked Teacher Lin while holding a picture: "Is this picture of you taken in the Beijing University Library?"

2.) 开开穿着一件蓝衣服去幼儿园 (yòu'éryuán, kindergarten)。 Kaikai is wearing blue clothes to go to the kindergarten.

3.) 世海拿着一本中文语法书去王老师那儿问问题。 Shihai is carrying a Chinese Grammar book to go to Teacher Wang's place and ask questions.

When a verb is followed by the aspect particle 着 to indicate the continuation of an action of a state, the verb does not take complements.

For example:

小丁和学友坐着听王老师说话。 Xiaoding and Xueyou are sitting there listening to Teacher Wang talk.

It is incorrect to add a complement to the sentence in the following way:

*小丁和学友坐着听王老师说话二十分钟。

The differences between the continuous aspect of an action using the particle 着 and the progressive aspect of an action using the particle 正在/正/在.

a. The continuous aspect of an action usually implies that the action is in progress, and therefore, the particles 正在, 正, or 在 and the word 呢 are often used with the particle 着.

For example:

1.) 学友的手里正拿着北京地图呢。 Xueyou's hand is holding a map of Beijing.

2.) 学友来看林老师的时候, 外边正下着雨呢。 When Xueyou came to see Teacher Lin, it was raining outside.

b. The continuous aspect of an action emphasizes and describes the static aspect of an action or a state, and the aspect particle 着 is placed after the verb (or the first verb in sentences with series of verbal structures). As to the progressive aspect of an action, it emphasizes the active aspect of an action, and the aspect particles 正在, 正, or 在 are placed before the verb.

For example:

1.) 学友正在拿中国地图。 Xueyou is holding a map of China (right this moment).

2.) 学友拿着中国地图。 Xueyou has been holding a map of China.

The negative and interrogative forms of the patterns that indicate the continuous aspect of an action.

a. The negation form of the patterns that indicate the continuous aspect of an action is to add the negative 没有 before the verb (or the first verb in sentences with series of verbal structures) and take the particle 着 out of the sentence. The patterns should be:

S (people/place) + 没有 + V + O

or 

S + 没有 + V1 + O1 + V2 + O2

For example:

1.) 王老师没有喝从北京带来的龙井茶。 Teacher Wang didn't drink the Longjing tea (he) brought from Beijing.

2.) 开开没有穿蓝衣服去幼儿园。 Kaikai didn't wear blue clothes to the kingdergarten.

3.) 外边没有下雨。 It didn't rain outside.

b. The interrogative form of the patterns that indicate the continuous aspect of an action is to add the question word 吗 or the negative 没有 at the end of the affirmative sentences. The patterns should be:

S (about people/people) + V + 着 + O + 吗/没有?

or 

S + V1 + 着 + O1 + V2 + O2 + 吗/没有?

For example:

1.) 这间宿舍住着两个美国留学生吗？ Do two American students live in this dorm?

2.) 学友拿着中文语法书去图书馆没有？ Did Xueyou go to the library holding a Chinese Grammar 语法 book?

3.) 小丁的桌子上放着她爸爸、妈妈的照片吗？ Is the picture of her mom and dad placed on Xiaoding's desk?

2. The Use of the Structural Particle 地

Bisyllabic or polysyllabic adjective are often used together with the structural particle 地, as an adverbial modifier, to modify the verb in a sentence. Sometimes, the structural particle 地 is omitted.

The pattern should be:

S + Bisyllabic/polysyllabic Adj. + 地 + V + O

For example:

1.) 就要期末 (qímò, end of the semester, final) 考试了。 我要认真(地)复习课文。 The final exam is soon. I want to review the lesson carefully.

2.) 小丁高兴地说：“这是个好主意。” Xiaoding said gladly: "That is a good idea."

3.) 在北京大学, 小丁和学友都努力(地)学习中文。 In Beijing University, Xiaoding and Xueyou are both studying Chinese with great effort.

The differences between adverbial modifier structure using 地 and the complement of degree structure using 得.

a. Structurally, for the adverbial modifier structure using 地, the adjective + 地 structure is placed before the verb. For the complement of degree structure using 得, the 得 + adjective structure is placed after the verb.

For example:

1.) 学友认真地看小丁的照片。 Xueyou is looking at Xiaoding's pictures carefully.

2.) 学友看小丁的照片看得很认真。 Xueyou is looking at Xiaoding's pictures carefully.

b. Both the complement of degree structure and the adverbial modifier structure can be used when describing a present action.

For example:

1.) 她很大声 (dàshēng, loudly) 地朗读 (lǎngdú, read) 中文。 = 她朗读中文朗读得很大声。 She reads Chinese very loudly.

2.) 世海吃午饭吃得很快。 = 世海很快地吃完午饭。 Shihai eats his lunch very fast.

c. The complement of degree structure is often used when describing an action that has already taken place or an action occurs frequently or habitually.

For example:

1.) 昨天我复习中文复习得很认真。(也可以说“昨天我很认真地复习中文。”) Yesterday I reviewed Chinese very carefylly.

2.) 我吃饭吃得很快, 我姐姐吃饭吃得很慢。 I eat fast; my older sister eats slowly.

d. The adverbial modifier structure can be used when describing an action that has not yet happened.

For example:

1.) 明天我要认真地复习中文。(不能说“明天我要复习中文复习得很认真。”) Tomorrow I want to review Chinese carefully.

2.) 我希望我的朋友们会更多地了解中国。 (不能说“我希望我的朋友们会了解中国了解得很多。”) I hope that my friends will know China more.

e. Generally, the complement of degree structure emphasizes the result of an accomplished action, whereas the adverbial modifier structure emphasizes the manner or attitude in which the subject takes or is going to take an action.

For example:

1.) 上个学期, 他学习学得不努力, 所以他考试考得不太好。 Last semester, he didn't study hard, so he did not do well in the exam.

2.) 这个学期, 他应该努力(地)学习。 This semester, he should study hard.

3. The Structure 有的...有的...

The pronoun 有的 means "some". It is used as an adjective modifier in the structure "有的 + N ...有的 + N ...". The pronoun 有的 may occurfor once, twice or three times in a sentence, depending on the context. The noun modified by 有的 can be left out if the noun has appeared earlier in the sentence.

For example:

1.) 在美国, 有的人喜欢吃美国菜, 有的人喜欢吃中国菜, 有的人喜欢吃日本菜。 In the U.S., some people like to eat American food, some like to eat Chinese food, some like to eat Japanese food.

2.) 在图书馆里, 有的学生在看书, 有的(学生)在用电脑。 In the library, some students are reading books, some are using computers.

3.) 北京大学有很多外国留学生。 有的是美国人, 有的是日本人, 有的是欧洲人。 There are many foreign students in Beijing Unversity. Some are Americans, some are Japanese, some are Europeans.

4. The Structure 有些...还有一些...

The structure 有些...还有一些... means "some...(still) some others...". The use of which is very similar to the structure 有的...有的.... The only difference is that by using 些, the structure 有些...还有一些... emphasizes plurality.

For example:

1.) 小丁从美国带来了一些照片。 有些是小丁和学友跟王老师一起照的, 还有一些是他们学校的照片。 Xiaoding brought some pictures from the U.S. Some were pictures that Xiaoding and Xueyou took with Teacher Wang, some others were picturesof their school.

2.) 昨天我去书店买了很多中文书。 有些是中文小说, 还有一些是中文语法书和词典。 I went to the bookstore and bought many Chinese books yesterday. Some were Chinese novels, some others were Chinese Grammar 语法 books and dictionaries.

3.) 小丁认识很多中国朋友。 有些是北京大学的学生, 还有一些是在公司或者国家机关 (Guójiā jīguān, the government agencies) 工作的年轻人。 Xiaoding knew many Chinese friends. Some were students of Beijing University, some others were young people working in corporations or government agencies.

5. The Structure 跟/和...(不)一样)

The structure 跟/和...一样 means "the same as...". The negative form of it, the structure 跟/和...不一样 means "not the same as...". The structure 跟/和...(不)一样 is used when the speaker wants to talk about the same characteristic/situation that applies to two different people/things. The basic pattern is:

S1 + 跟/和 + S2 + (不)一样

Note: the first subject of a sentence using the structure 跟/和...一样 can be a noun, a simple noun phrase or a complex noun phrase modified by an attributive clause. The second subject of the sentence can be of the similar structure as that of the subject; it can also be simply a noun, or a simple noun phrase.

For example:

1.) 美国人说的英文跟英国人不太一样。

   或者：美国人说的英文跟英国人说的英文不太一样。 The English spoken by Americans is different from the one spoken by the British.

2.) 中国人写信封的方法跟美国人不一样。 The way Chinese write letters is different from the one the Americans do.

3.) 我的中文书跟我朋友的中文书一样。 My Chinese book is the same as that of my friend's.

Speech patterns

1. The Continuous Aspect of an Action--the Use of 着

小丁的爸爸、妈妈看着小丁从北京寄来的信和照片, 心里很高兴。

昨天, 我去看我的好朋友的时候, 她正吃着她妈妈给她做的点心呢。

我哥哥的桌子上放着他和他的女朋友的照片。

我的中国朋友喜欢听着美国流行歌曲整理房间。

你喜欢看着电视做作业吗？

这是我爸爸的汉语词典。 屝页上 (fèi yè shàng, title page) 写着我爸爸的名字。

Xiǎo dīng de bàba, māmā kànzhe xiǎo dīng cóng běijīng jì lái de xìnhé zhàopiàn, xīnlǐ hěn gāoxìng.

Zuótiān, wǒ qù kàn wǒ de hǎo péngyǒu de shíhòu, tā zhèng chīzhe tā māmā gěi tā zuò de diǎnxīn ní.

Wǒ gēgē de zhuōzi shàng fàngzhe tā hé tā de nǚ péngyǒu de zhàopiàn.

Wǒ de zhōngguó péngyǒu xǐhuān tīngzhe měiguó liúxíng gēqǔ zhěnglǐ fángjiān.

Nǐ xǐhuān kànzhe diànshì zuò zuo yè ma?

Zhè shì wǒ bàba de hànyǔ cídiǎn. Fèi yè shàng xiězhe wǒ bàba de míngzì.

While looking at the letter and the pictures that Xiaoding sent from Beijing, Xiaoding's mom and dad felt very happy.

Yesterday, when I went to see my good friend, she was eating the pastries made by her mom.

The picture of my brother and his girlfriend is placed on his desk.

My Chinese friend likes to put things into order while listening to American pop songs.

Do you like to do your homework while watching TV?

This is my dad's Chinese dictionary. My dad's name is written down on the title page.

2. The Use of the Structural Particle 地

我离开中国来美国留学的那一天, 我妹妹难过地哭了。

林老师的口语课很有意思。 每堂课上, 同学们都很认真地听讲 (tīngjiǎng, listen to the lecture), 做练习。

他的爸爸、妈妈为了让他能上有名的大学, 非常辛苦地工作。

我的中文口语不太好。 明年, 我要去中国, 好好地练习我的口语。

这本书能帮助你更好地了解中国文化。

学友告诉小丁明天林老师跟他们一起去长城玩。 小丁高兴地说: “太好了。” 

Wǒ líkāi zhōngguó lái měiguó liúxué dì nà yītiān, wǒ mèimei nánguò de kūle.

Lín lǎoshī de kǒuyǔ kè hěn yǒuyìsi. Měi táng kè shàng, tóngxuémen dōu hěn rènzhēn dì tīngjiǎng , zuò liànxí.

Tā de bàba, māmā wèile ràng tā néng shàng yǒumíng de dàxué, fēicháng xīnkǔ dì gōngzuò.

Wǒ de zhōngwén kǒuyǔ bù tài hǎo. Míngnián, wǒ yào qù zhōngguó, hǎohǎo de liànxí wǒ de kǒuyǔ.

Zhè běn shū néng bāngzhù nǐ gèng hǎo de liǎojiě zhōngguó wénhuà.

Xuéyǒu gàosù xiǎo dīng míngtiān lín lǎoshī gēn tāmen yīqǐ qù chángchéng wán. Xiǎo dīng gāoxìng de shuō: “Tài hǎole.”

The day I left China to come to study in the U.S., my younger sister cried.

Teacher Lin's conversation class is very interesting. In every class, students listen to the lecture very carefully, and do exercises.

His father and mother work very hard so that he can go to a famous university.

My Chinese speaking is not very good. Next year, I want to go to China, and practice my speaking hard.

This book can help you understand Chinese culture better.

Xueyou told Xiaoding that tomorrow Teacher Lin will go with them to the Great Wall. Xiaoding said happily:"That's great."

3. The Structure 有的...有的...

北大的学生都很喜欢锻练。 每天下午, 有的学生跑步, 有的打球, 有的游泳。 

我有很多音乐CD。 有的是美国流行音乐, 有的是欧洲古典音乐, 有的中国民间音乐。 

在美国的大学里, 有的学生住学生宿舍, 有的住自己租 (zū, rent) 房子, 有的住在爸爸、妈妈的家里。

大学毕业以後, 有的人开始工作, 有的人上研究所。 

Běidà de xuéshēng dōu hěn xǐhuān duàn liàn. Měitiān xiàwǔ, yǒu de xuéshēng pǎobù, yǒu de dǎqiú, yǒu de yóuyǒng.

Wǒ yǒu hěnduō yīnyuè CD. Yǒudeshì měiguó liúxíng yīnyuè, yǒudeshì ōuzhōu gǔdiǎn yīnyuè, yǒu de zhōngguó mínjiān yīnyuè.

Zài měiguó de dàxué lǐ, yǒu de xuéshēng zhù xuéshēng sùshè, yǒu de zhù zìjǐ zū fángzi, yǒu de zhù zài bàba, māmā de jiālǐ.

Dàxué bìyè yǐhòu, yǒu de rén kāishǐ gōngzuò, yǒu de rén shàng yánjiū suǒ.

Students in Beijing University like to do exercises a lot. Every afternoon, some students go running, some play balls, some go swimming.

I have a lot of music CDs. Some are American pop music, some are European classical music, some are Chinese folk music.

In American universities, some students live in the students' dorm, some live in a house rented by themselves, some live in their mom's and dad's house.

After college graduation, some people start to work, some go to graduate school.

4. The Structure 有些...还有一些...

去纽约的火车上, 有些人是去纽约玩儿的, 有些人是去工作的, 还有一些人是去办事 (bànshì, to do business) 的。

她今年夏天买了很多衣服。 有些是上课穿的, 有些是在家里穿的, 还有一些是出去玩儿穿的。

健身房里锻练的人很多。 有些人在跑步机上跑步, 有些人在练习举重, 还有一些人在跳健美操。

Qù niǔyuē de huǒchē shàng, yǒuxiē rén shì qù niǔyuē wán er de, yǒuxiē rén shì qù gōngzuò de, hái yǒu yīxiē rén shì qù bànshì de.

Tā jīnnián xiàtiān mǎile hěnduō yīfú. Yǒuxiē shì shàngkè chuān de, yǒuxiē shì zài jiālǐ chuān de, hái yǒu yīxiē shì chūqù wán er chuān de.

Jiànshēnfáng lǐ duàn liàn de rén hěnduō. Yǒuxiē rén zài pǎobù jīshàng pǎobù, yǒuxiē rén zài liànxí jǔzhòng, hái yǒu yīxiē rén zài tiào jiànměi cāo.

On the train to New York, some people go to New York for fun, some go for work, still others go for business.

She bought many clothes this summer. Some are for class, some are for home, still others are for outings.

There are many people doing exercises in the gym. Some people are running on the running machine, some are practising weight lifting, stillothers are doing aerobics.

5. The Structure 跟/和...(不)一样)

北京的气候跟上海的不太一样。 

他写的字跟他爸爸的字一样漂亮。 

他的中文跟他的英文一样好。 

我今天吃的午饭跟昨天吃的一样。 

Běijīng de qìhòu gēn shànghǎi de bù tài yīyàng.

Tā xiě de zì gēn tā bàba de zì yīyàng piàoliang.

Tā de zhōngwén gēn tā de yīngwén yīyàng hǎo.

Wǒ jīntiān chī de wǔfàn gēn zuótiān chī de yīyàng.

The weather in Beijing is not the same as in Shanghai.

The characters he writes are as beautiful as the characters his father writes.

His Chinese is as good as his English.

The lunch I had today is the same as what I had yesterday.

6. The conjunction 而且 "and also"

人美自己带着信封去邮局, 而且已经写好地址了。

今年夏天的天气很热, 而且不下雨。

北京是中国的政治经济中心, 而且也是中国的文化中心。 

学习历史是为了了解过去, 而且也是为了指导未来。 

Rén měi zìjǐ dàizhe xìnfēng qù yóujú, érqiě yǐjīng xiě hǎo dìzhǐle.

J

īnnián xiàtiān de tiānqì hěn rè, érqiě bùxià yǔ.

Běijīng shì zhōngguó de zhèngzhì jīngjì zhōngxīn, érqiě yěshì zhōngguó de wénhuà zhōngxīn.

Xuéxí lìshǐ shì wèi liǎo liǎojiě guòqù, érqiě yěshì wèile zhǐdǎo wèilái.

Renmei took her own envelope to the post office, and also had written down the address (on it).

It is very hot this summer, and also, it hasn't been raining.

Beijing is the political and economic center of China, and also, it is the cultural center of China.

Studying history is to understand the past, and also, it is to guide the future.

7. The conjunction 但是 "but"

寄特快专递很快, 但是邮费很贵。 

学习历史很有意思, 但是学得好不容易。 

美国的邮局跟中国的邮局一样方便, 但是, 美国的邮局星期六、星期天不开门。 

这家中国餐馆作的菜很地道, 但是很贵。 

Jì tèkuài zhuāndì hěn kuài, dànshì yóufèi hěn guì.

Xuéxí lìshǐ hěn yǒuyìsi, dànshì xué dé hǎobù róngyì.

Měiguó de yóujú gēn zhōngguó de yóujú yīyàng fāngbiàn, dànshì, měiguó de yóujú xīngqíliù, xīngqítiān bù kāimén.

Zhè jiā zhōngguó cānguǎn zuò de cài hěn dìdào, dànshì hěn guì.

It is very fast to send (a letter) by express mail; but the postage is very expensive.

Studing history is very interesting; but it is not easy to learn it well.

The post office in the U.S. is as convenient as the one in China. However, the post office in the U.S. does not open on Saturdays andSundays.

The dishes made in this Chinese restaurant are very authentic; but they are very expensive.

8. The adverb 顺便 "incidentally, in passing, (do sth) in addition to what one is already doing, without much extra effort"

顺便问一下儿, 取包裹需要什麽手续？ 

今天我去邮局寄信的时候, 顺便买了几张明信片。 

昨天学友去林老师那儿问问题, 顺便借了一本中文语法书。

去年他来美国的时候, 顺便去加拿大玩了一个星期。 

Shùnbiàn wèn yīxià er, qǔ bāoguǒ xūyào shénmó shǒuxù?

Jīntiān wǒ qù yóujú jì xìn de shíhòu, shùnbiàn mǎile jǐ zhāng míngxìnpiàn.

Zuótiān xuéyǒu qù lín lǎoshī nà'er wèn wèntí, shùnbiàn jièle yī běn zhōngwén yǔfǎ shū.

Qùnián tā lái měiguó de shíhòu, shùnbiàn qù jiānádà wánle yīgè xīngqí.

By the way, may I ask what procedures are needed for claiming a packet?

When I went to the post office to mail a letter today, I bought some postcards while I was there.

Yesterday, Xueyou went to Teacher Lin's place to ask some questions while he was there. He borrowed a Chinese Grammar book by chance.

Last year when he came to the U.S., he went to Canada for a week while there.

9. The conjunction 於是 "so; then; hence"

小丁听说中国人写信封的方法跟美国人不太一样。 於是, 她给林老师打电话, 问林老师怎麽写中文信封。

学友和人美都很想更多地了解中国文化。 於是, 他们利用暑假去北京学中文。

刘老师告诉学友, 去北大医院检查身体不需要打电话约时间。 於是, 学友直接去北大医院找负责体检的李大夫。

人美的中国朋友们告诉她, 北京香山的红叶在秋天的时候最美。 於是, 人美跟她的男朋友学友这个星期六要去香山玩。

Xiǎo dīng tīng shuō zhōngguó rén xiě xìnfēng de fāngfǎ gēn měiguó rén bù tài yīyàng. Yúshì, tā gěi lín lǎoshī dǎ diànhuà, wèn lín lǎoshī zěnmó xiě zhōngwén xìnfēng.

Xuéyǒu hé rén měi dū hěn xiǎng gèng duō de liǎojiě zhōngguó wénhuà. Yúshì, tāmen lìyòng shǔjià qù běijīng xué zhōngwén.

Liú lǎoshī gàosù xuéyǒu, qù běidà yīyuàn jiǎnchá shēntǐ bù xūyào dǎ diànhuà yuē shíjiān. Yúshì, xuéyǒu zhíjiē qù běidà yīyuàn zhǎo fùzé tǐjiǎn de lǐ dàfū.

Rén měide zhōngguó péngyǒumen gàosù tā, běijīng xiāngshān de hóngyè zài qiūtiān de shíhòu zuìměi. Yúshì, rén měi gēn tā de nán péngyǒu xuéyǒu zhège xīngqíliù yào qù xiāngshān wán.

Xiaoding heard that the way Chinese address envelopes is kind of different from the Americans. Hence, she called Teacher Lin and asked him how to address a Chinese envelope.

Both Xueyou and Renmei would like to know more about Chinese culture. Hence, they took advantage of the summer break to go to Beijing and study Chinese.

Teacher Liu told Xueyou that to go to the Beijing University Hospital to have a physical exam, (he) doesn't need to make a phone call to schedule an appointment. Hence, Xueyou went to the Beijing University Hospital directly to see Dr. Li, who is in charge of physical exam.

Renmei's Chinese friends told her, the red leaves of the Fragrant Hill in Beijing are the most beautiful in the Fall. Hence, Renmei and her boyfriend Xueyou are going to the Fragrant Hill this Saturday.

10. The preposition 按照 "according to"

小丁和学友按照林老师电话里说的, 写好了信封。 

小丁按照王老师给他们的电话号码, 给王老师的太太打电话。 

学友按照刘老师说的, 直接去北大医院找李大夫体检。 

人美按照大夫给她开的药方 (yàofāng, prescription), 买了一些中药。

Xiǎo dīng hé xuéyǒu ànzhào lín lǎoshī diànhuà li shuō de, xiě hǎole xìnfēng.

Xiǎo dīng ànzhào wáng lǎoshī gěi tāmen de diànhuà hàomǎ, gěi wáng lǎoshī de tàitài dǎ diànhuà.

Xuéyǒu ànzhào liú lǎoshī shuō de, zhíjiē qù běidà yīyuàn zhǎo lǐ dàfū tǐjiǎn.

Rén měi ànzhào dàfū gěi tā kāi di yàofāng mǎile yīxiē zhōngyào.

Xiaoding and Xueyou addressed the envelope according to what Teacher Lin said on the phone.

Using the phone number that Teacher Wang gave them, Xiaoding and Xueyou called Teacher Wang's wife.

Xueyou went to the Beijing University Hospital directly to look for Dr. Li for a physical exam as Teacher Liu had said to do.

Renmei bought some Chinese medicine in accordance with the prescription given by the doctor.

Lesson 35

Dialogue

English

Chatting with Chinese Friends;

(Zhang Guahua and Wang Xiaofang are third-year students of the English Department at Beijing University. They are also boyfriend and girlfriend. Both of them know Renmei and Xueyou. One day, Guohua and Xiaofang went to Renmei's dorm to chat.)

(Xiaozhang knocks at the door.)

Renmei: (I'm) coming. (Renmei opened the door.) Guohua, Xiaofang, welcome, welcome. Please come in. Xueyou is also here.

Xueyou: Guohua, Xiaofang, haven't seen you for a while. How is everything going?

Guohua: We have been busy lately. I attended a GRE exam coaching class. Xiaofang is making use of the break and working in a foreign invested company.

Renmei: What, Guohua, you want to take the GRE exam, and apply for scholarship from American universities, right?

Guohua: Right. My major is British and American literature. I really hope that I can go to graduate school in the U.S. and pursue a doctorate in British and American literature.

Xueyou: That's a very good idea. (If you) want to truly understand the language and the culture of a country, (you) should go to that country to study and live for a period of time.

Guohua: Right. Renmei, Xueyou, is this the reason why you come to study in China?

Renmei: Yes. Before we came to China, I had also taken many Chinese classes. I had conversation class, Grammar 语法 class, calligraphy class, etc. My Chinese teachers all taught very well. However, the time in class was nonetheless limited. I did not have many opportunities to practice Chinese. After I came to Beijing, everyday, what I hear and what I see are all Chinese. I also have many opportunities to talk to my Chinese teachers, classmates and friends. Xueyou and I have made rapid progress in our Chinese.

Xiaofang: How is your class schedule?

Xueyou: Very tight. Everyday we have four hours of classes in the morning. We have to review the lessons and do homework in the afternoon and at night.

Guohua: Have you had any exams?

Renmei: Every week there is a quiz. Last week's quiz was very difficult. I didn't do very well. This week, I want to review my lessons well, and prepare for next week's quiz.

Xiaofang: I didn't know that your study is so busy. There are many interesting places in Beijing. Have you been anywhere?

Xueyou: Yes. Last Sunday we went to the Great Wall with our conversation class teacher, Teacher Lin. The Great Wall is really magnificent. A common saying goes: "If you fail to reach the Great Wall you are not a man." After we went to the Great Wall, we truly understood the meaning of this saying. In the future, if there is any opportunity, both of us want to go to the Great Wall again.

Renmei: The day we went to the Great Wall, we also brought the camera with us. Teacher Lin took a lot of pictures for us. Yesterday, we went to the post office and mailed letters and pictures to our parents and friends in the U.S.

Xiaofang: Have you been to the Temple of Heaven?

Xueyou, Renmei: No, we haven't.

Xiaofang: My home is near the Temple of Heaven. I know that there is a very good Xi'an dumpling restaurant there. This Saturday, Guohua and I would like to invite you to go to the Temple of Heaven with us. After that, we can go to the Xi'an dumpling restaurant together.

Renmei: Great. I am going to bring my camera on Saturday. Let's take a lot of pictures.

Xueyou: Renmei, didn't you say that you are going to review your lessons well and prepare for next week's exam?

Renmei: I can review on Sunday. Guohua, Xiaofang, what would you say?

Guohua, Xiaofang: Right. You study very hard on weekdays. During the weekend, you should take a good rest.

Simplified

和中国朋友聊天;

(张国华和王晓芳是北京大学英文系三年级的学生。 他们是一对恋人。 他们都认识人美和学友。 这一天, 国华和晓芳去人美的宿舍聊天。)

(小张敲门)

人美：来了。 (人美开门。) 国华, 晓芳, 欢迎, 欢迎。 请进。 学友也在这儿。

学友：国华, 晓芳, 好久不见了, 最近怎麽样？

国华：最近我们都比较忙。 我参加了一个GRE考试辅导班。 晓芳利用假期, 在一家外资企业工作。

人美：怎麽, 国华, 你想参加GRE考试, 申请美国大学的奖学金, 对吗？

国华：对。 我的专业是英美文学。 我很希望能到美国的大学上研究所, 攻读英美文学的博士学位。

学友：你的想法很好。 要真正了解一个国家的语言和文化, 就应该去那个国家学习和生活一段时间。

国华：是啊。 人美, 学友, 这是不是你们来中国留学的原因？

人美：是。 来中国以前, 我也修了好几门汉语课。 有口语课, 语法课, 书法课, 等等。 我的中文老师都教得非常好。 可是, 上课的时间毕竟有限, 我练习中文的机会不太多。 来北京以後, 每天听到的, 看到的都是中文, 还有很多机会跟中国的老师, 同学和朋友们交谈。 学友和我的中文都进步得非常快 。

晓芳：你们的课程安排得怎麽样？

学友：很紧张。 每天上午有四个小时的课, 下午和晚上要复习功课, 做作业。

国华：考过试了吗？

人美：每个星期有一次测验。 上个星期的测验很难。 我考得不太好。 这个星期, 我要好好地复习功课, 准备下星期的考试。

晓芳：没想到, 你们的学习这麽忙。 北京好玩儿的地方很多。 你们出去玩儿了吗？

学友：去了。 我们上个星期天跟教我们口语的林老师去长城玩儿了。 长城真是壮观。 俗话说：“不到长城非好汉”。 我们去了长城, 才理解这句话的意思。 以後如果有机会, 我们还想再去一次长城。

人美：我们去长城的那一天, 还带着相机。 林老师给我们照了很多照片。 我们昨天去邮局, 给在美国的父母和朋友寄了信和照片。

晓芳：你们去过天坛吗？

学友﹑人美：还没有呢。

晓芳：我家就在天坛附近。 我知道那儿有一个很好的西安饺子馆 。这个星期六, 国华和我想请你们一起去天坛玩儿。 然後, 一起去西安饺子馆吃饭。

人美：太好了。 星期六那天我带着相机, 我们大家一起多照几张相。

学友：人美, 你不是说要好好地复习功课, 准备下星期的考试吗？

人美：星期天还可以复习功课嘛。 国华, 晓芳, 你们说对吗？

国华﹑晓芳：对。 你们平时学习得很努力, 周末应该好好休息一下儿。

Traditional

和中國朋友聊天;

(張國華和王曉芳是北京大學英文系三年級的學生。 他們是一對戀人。 他們都認識人美和學友。 這一天﹐ 國華和曉芳去人美的宿舍聊天。)

(小張敲門)

人美﹕來了。 (人美開門。) 國華﹐ 曉芳﹐ 歡迎﹐ 歡迎。 請進。 學友也在這兒。

學友﹕國華﹐ 曉芳﹐ 好久不見了﹐ 最近怎麼樣﹖

國華﹕最近我們都比較忙。 我參加了一個GRE考試輔導班。 曉芳利用假期﹐ 在一家外資企業工作。

人美﹕怎麼﹐國華﹐ 你想參加GRE考試﹐ 申請美國大學的獎學金﹐ 對嗎﹖

國華﹕對。 我的專業是英美文學。 我很希望能到美國的大學上研究所﹐ 攻讀英美文學的博士學位。

學友﹕你的想法很好。 要真正了解一個國家的語言和文化﹐ 就應該去那個國家學習和生活一段時間。

國華﹕是啊。 人美﹐學友﹐ 這是不是你們來中國留學的原因﹖

人美﹕是。 來中國以前﹐ 我也修了好幾門漢語課。 有口語課﹐ 語法課﹐ 書法課﹐ 等等。 我的中文老師都教得非常好。 可是﹐ 上課的時間畢竟有限﹐我練習中文的機會不太多。 來北京以後﹐ 每天聽到的﹐看到的都是中文﹐還有很多機會跟中國的老師﹐同學和朋友們交談。 學友和我的中文都進步得非常快 。

曉芳﹕你們的課程安排得怎麼樣﹖

學友﹕很緊張。 每天上午有四個小時的課﹐ 下午和晚上要復習功課﹐ 做作業。

國華﹕考過試了嗎﹖

人美﹕每個星期有一次測驗。 上個星期的測驗很難。 我考得不太好。 這個星期﹐我要好好地復習功課﹐ 準備下星期的考試。

曉芳﹕沒想到﹐ 你們的學習這麼忙。 北京好玩兒的地方很多。 你們出去玩兒了嗎﹖

學友﹕去了。 我們上個星期天跟教我們口語的林老師去長城玩兒了。 長城真是

壯觀。 俗話說﹕“不到長城非好漢”。 我們去了長城﹐才理解這句話的意思。 以後如果有機會﹐我們還想再去一次長城。

人美﹕我們去長城的那一天﹐還帶著相機。 林老師給我們照了很多照片。 我們昨天去郵局﹐ 給在美國的父母和朋友寄了信和照片。

曉芳﹕你們去過天壇嗎﹖

學友﹑人美﹕還沒有呢。

曉芳﹕我家就在天壇附近。 我知道那兒有一個很好的西安餃子館 。這個星期六﹐國華和我想請你們一起去天壇玩兒。 然後﹐一起去西安餃子館吃飯。

人美﹕太好了。 星期六那天我帶著相機﹐ 我們大家一起多照幾張相。

學友﹕人美﹐你不是說要好好地復習功課﹐準備下星期的考試嗎﹖

人美﹕星期天還可以復習功課嘛。 國華﹐ 曉芳﹐你們說對嗎﹖

國華﹑曉芳﹕對。 你們平時學習得很努力﹐ 周末應該好好休息一下兒。

Pinyin

Hé Zhōngguo Péngyou Liáotiān;

(Zhāng Guóhuá hé Wǎng Xiǎofāng shì Běijīng dàxué Yīngwén xì sān niánjí de xuésheng. Tāmen shì yí duì liànrén. Tāmen dōu rènshi Rénměi hé Xuéyǒu. Zhè yì tiān, Guóhuá hé Xiǎofāng qù Rénměi de sùshè liáotiān.)

(Xiǎo Zhāng qiāo mén)

Rénměi: Guóhuá, Xiǎofāng, hǎo jiǔ bú jiàn le, zuìjìn zěnmeyang?

Guóhuá: Zuìjìn wǒmen dōu bǐjiào máng. Wǒ cānjiā le yí ge GRE kǎoshì fúdǎobān. Xiǎofāng lìyòng jiàqī, zài yì jiā wàizī qǐyè gōngzuò.

Rénměi: Zěnme, Guóhuá, nǐ xiǎng cānjiā GRE kǎoshì, shēnqǐng Měiguo dàxué de jiǎngxuéjīn, duì ma?

Guóhuá: Duì. Wǒ de zhuānyè shì Yīng Měi wénxué. Wǒ hěn xīwang néng dào Měiguo de dàxué shàng yánjiūsuǒ, gōngdú Yīng Měi wénxué de bóshì xuéwèi.

Xuéyǒu: Nǐ de xiǎngfǎ hěn hǎo. Yào zhēnzhèng liǎojiě yí ge guójiā de yǔyán hé wénhuà, jiù yīnggāi qù nà ge guójiā xuéxí hé shēnghuo yí duàn shíjiān. Guóhuá:Shì a. Rénměi, Xuéyǒu, zhè shì bu shì nǐmen lái Zhōngguo liúxué de yuányīn ?

Rénměi: Shì. Lái Zhōngguo yǐqián, wǒ yě xiū le hǎo jǐ mén Hànyǔ kè. Yǒu kǒuyǔ kè, yǔfǎ kè, shūfǎ kè, děngdeng. Wǒ de Zhōngwén lǎoshī dōu jiāo de fēicháng hǎo. Kěshì, shàngkè de shíjiān bìjìng yǒuxiàn, wǒ liànxí Zhōngwén de jīhuì bú tài duō. Lái Běijīng yǐhòu, měitiān tīng dào de, kàn dào de dōu shì Zhōngwén, hái yǒu hěn duō jīhuì gēn Zhōngguo de lǎoshī, tóngxué hé péngyoumen jiāotán. Xuéyǒu hé wǒ de Zhōngwén dōu jìnbù de fēicháang kuài.

Xiǎofāng: Nǐmen de kèchéng ānpái de zěnmeyang ?

Xuéyǒu: Hěn jǐnzhāng. Měitiān shàngwǔ yǒu sì ge xiǎoshí de kè, xiàwǔ hé wǎnshang yào fùxí gōngkè, zuò zuòyè.

Guóhuá: Kǎo guò shì le ma ?

Rénměi: Měi ge xīngqī yǒu yí cì cèyàn. Shàng ge xīngqī de cèyàn hěn nán. Wǒ kǎo de bú tài hǎo. Zhè ge xīngqī, wǒ yào hǎohāo de fùxí gōngkè, zhǔnbèi xià xīngqī de kǎoshì.

Xiǎofāng: Méi xiǎng dào, nǐmen de xuéxí zhème máng. Běijīng hǎo wánr de dìfāng hěn duō. Nǐmen chū qù wánr le ma?

Xuéyǒu: Qù le. Wǒmen shàng ge xīngqītiān gēn jiāo wǒmen kǒuyǔ de Lín lǎoshī qù Chángchéng wánr le. Chángchéng zhēnshì zhuàngguān. Súhuà shuō:”Bú dào Chángchéng fēi hǎo hàn”. Wǒmen qù le Chángchéng, cái líjiě zhè jù huà de yìsi. Yǐhǒu rúguó yǒu jīhuì, wǒmen hái xiǎng zài qù yí cì Chángchéng.

Rénměi: Wǒmen qù Chángchéng de nà yì tiān, hái dài zhe xiàngjī. Lín lǎoshī gěi wǒmen zhào le hěn duō zhàopiàn. Wǒmen zuótiān qù yóujú, gěi zài Měiguo de fùmǔ hé péngyou jì le xìn hé zhàopiàn.

Xiăofāng: Nĭmen qù guò Tiāntán ma?

Xuéyŏu, Rénmĕi: Hái méiyŏu ne.

Xiăofāng: Wŏ jiā jiù zài Tiāntán fùjìn. Wŏ zhīdào nàr yŏu yí ge hěn hăo de Xī’ān jiăozi guăn. Zhè ge xīngqī liù, Guóhuá hé wŏ xiăng qĭng Nĭmen yìqĭ qù Tiāntán wánr. Ránhòu, yìqĭ qù Xī’ān jiăozi guăn chīfàn.

Rénmĕi: Tài hăo le. Xīngqī liù nà tiān wŏ dài zhe xiàngjī, wŏmen dàjiā yìqĭ duō zhào jĭ zhāng xiàng.

Xuéyŏu: Rénmĕi, nĭ búshì shuō yào hăohāo de fùxí gōngkè, zhŭnbèi xià xīngqī de kăoshì ma?

Rénmĕi: Xīngqītiān hái kĕyĭ fùxí gōngkè ma. Guóhuá, Xiăofāng, nĭmen shuō duì ma?

Guóhuá, Xiăofāng: Duì. Nĭmen píngshí xuéxi de hĕn nŭlì, zhōumò yīnggāi hăohāo xiūxi yí xiàr.

Text;

English

Living in Beijing University

In order to study Chinese and know more about the Chinese culture, Xueyou and Renmei came to the Chinese capital Beijing from the United States. By now, they have been studying and living in Beijing Unviersity for almost two months. Last Sunday, Xueyou and Renmei went to the post office. Renmei sent a letter and some pictures to her mom and dad. She has also received her Dad's letter encouraging her to make full use of this opportunity and study Chinese hard. The study life in Beijing University is busy and rich. Everyday, their class schedule is full. Usually, they have classes in the morning, studying Grammar 语法, speaking and composition. In the meantime, they also take some classes that introduce Chinese culture. Both Xueyou and Renmei are very interested in Chinese culture. In class, they listen carefully to the teachers and take notes. (As to) what the teachers teach in class, some they can fully understand, some they can't understand all that well. (For) things that they don't understand, they go and ask their teachers for help. In the afternoon, sometimes they go to the library to look for reference materials, sometimes they review lessons in their dorms. Besides this, there is a quiz every week to evaluate students' achievements. Xueyou and Renmei study very hard. Therefore, they have made rapid progress in their Chinese. They got good grades in every exam. Of course, they also take some spare time to exercise. When the weather is fine, they will go swimming in the swimming pool or work out at the fitness center in the gym. In Beijing, Xueyou and Renmei have also made many Chinese friends. Guohua and Xiaofang are students in the English Department at Beijing University. They are both good friends of Xueyou and Renmei. When the four of them are together, they often chat with each other, talking about their study, campus life, and the differences between Chinese and American college students. More often, they help each other in studying languages. This afternoon, they were chatting for a long time again. Guohua is preparing for the GRE, hoping to pursue a Ph.D.in American University. Xiaofang is making use of the break and working for a foreign-invested company. She is graduating soon, and she hopes to have some work experience, so that she can adjust to her future work smoothly. Guohua introduced to Xueyou and Renmei many interesting places in Beijing. Accoring Guohua and other friends' suggestions, Xueyou and Renmei have been to many places. The Great wall, Fragrance Hill and Beihai Park etc., they have already been to these places. This weekend, Guohua and Xiaofang will take Xueyou and Renmei to the Temple of Heaven for fun. They will also go to the famous Xi'an Dumpling restaurant.

Simplified

在北大的生活;

学友和人美为了学习中文和更多地了解中国文化, 从美国来到中国的首都北京。现在, 他们在北京大学学习﹑生活已经快两个月了。

上个星期天, 学友和人美去 了邮局。 人美给在美国的爸爸妈妈寄了信和一些照片。 人美也收到过爸爸写给她 的信, 鼓励她好好地利用这次机会, 努力地学习中文。 北京大学的学习生活紧张而且丰富。 每天他们的课程都排得满满的。 通常上午 上课, 学习语法, 口语, 写作, 同时还有一些介绍中国文化的课程。学友和人美都 对中国文化很感兴趣。 课堂上, 他们专心地听讲, 认真地作笔记。 老师讲的课, 他们有的听得懂, 有的不太懂。 不懂的东西, 他们就去请教老师。 下午, 有时他 们去图书馆查资料, 有时在宿舍复习功课。 此外, 每周有一次测验, 检验学生的 学习情况。 学友和人美学得很努力, 所以, 他们的中文水平提高得非常快, 每次 测验的成绩都不错。 当然, 他们也会抽出一些时间, 锻炼身体。 天气好的时候, 他们会在校园内跑步, 打羽毛球；天气太热了, 就到游泳馆去游泳或去健身房 锻炼。

在北京, 人美和学友还交了很多中国朋友。 国华和晓芳是北京大学英语系的 学生, 他们都是人美和学友的朋友。 他们四个人在一起的时候, 经常聊天, 谈学习, 谈校园生活, 谈中国大学生和美国大学生之间的不同。 更多的时候, 他们在语言上互相帮助, 互相学习。 今天下午, 他们又在一起聊了很长时间。 国华正在准备GRE考试, 希望能到美国攻读博士学位。 晓芳正利用假期在一家外资企业 工作。 就要毕业了, 她希望能有些实践经验, 为了能顺利地适应以後的工作。 国华给学友他们介绍了很多北京好玩儿的地方。 按照国华和其他中国朋友的介绍, 学友和人美已经去了很多地方。 长城﹑香山﹑北海等地方, 他们都去过了。 这个周末, 国华和晓芳要带学友他们去天坛玩儿, 还要一起去有名的西安饺子馆。

Traditional

在北大的生活;

學友和人美為了學習中文和更多地了解中國文化﹐從美國來到中國的首都北京。現在, 他們在北京大學學習﹑生活已經快兩個月了。

上個星期天﹐學友和人美去 了郵局。 人美給在美國的爸爸媽媽寄了信和一些照片。 人美也收到過爸爸寫給她 的信﹐鼓勵她好好地利用這次機會﹐努力地學習中文。 北京大學的學習生活緊張而且豐富。 每天他們的課程都排得滿滿的。 通常上午 上課﹐學習語法﹐口語﹐寫作﹐同時還有一些介紹中國文化的課程。學友和人美都 對中國文化很感興趣。 課堂上﹐他們專心地聽講﹐認真地作筆記。 老師講的課, 他們有的聽得懂﹐ 有的不太懂。 不懂的東西﹐他

們就去請教老師。 下午﹐有時他 們去圖書館查資料﹐有時在宿舍復習功課。 此外﹐每週有一次測驗﹐檢驗學生的 學習情況。 學友和人美學得很努力﹐所以﹐他們的中文水平提高得非常快﹐ 每次 測驗的成績都不錯。 當然﹐他們也會抽出一些時間﹐鍛煉身體。 天氣好的時候﹐ 他們會在校園內跑步﹐打羽毛球﹔天氣太熱了﹐就到游泳館去游泳或去健身房 鍛煉。

在北京﹐人美和學友還交了很多中國朋友。 國華和曉芳是北京大學英語系的 學生﹐ 他們都是人美和學友的朋友。 他們四個人在一起的時候﹐經常聊天﹐ 談學習﹐談校園生活﹐談中國大學生和美國大學生之間的不同。 更多的時候﹐ 他們在語言上互相幫助﹐互相學習。 今天下午﹐他們又在一起聊了很長時間。 國華正在準備GRE考試﹐希望能到美國攻讀博士學位。 曉芳正利用假期在一家外資企業 工作。 就要畢業了﹐她希望能有些實踐經驗﹐為了能順利地適應以後的工作。 國華給學友他們介紹了很多北京好玩兒的地方。 按照國華和其他中國朋友的介紹﹐ 學友和人美已經去了很多地方。 長城﹑香山﹑北海等地方﹐他們都去過了。 這個週末﹐國華和曉芳要帶學友他們去天壇玩兒﹐ 還要一起去有名的西安餃子館。

Pinyin

Zài Běi Dà De Shēnghuo;

Xuéyǒu hé Rénměi wèile xuéxí Zhōngwén hé gèng duō de liǎojiě Zhōngguo wénhuà, cóng Měiguo lái dào Zhōngguo de shǒudū Běijīng. Xiànzài, tāmen zài Běijīng dàxué xuéxí, shēnghuo yǐjīng kuài liǎng ge yuè le.

Shàng ge xīngqītiān, Xuéyǒu hé Réenměi qù le yóujú. Rénměi gěi zài Měiguo de bàba māma jì le xìn hé yì xiē zhàopiàn. Rénměi yě shōu dào guò bàba xiě gěi tā de xìn, gǔlì tā hǎohāo de lìyòng zhè cìi jīhuì, nǔlì de xuéxí Zhōngwén. Běijīng dàxué de xuéxí shēnghuo jǐnzhāng érqiě fēngfù. Měitiān tāmen de kèchéng dōu pái de mǎnmǎn de. Tōngcháng shàngwǔ shàng kè, xuéxí yǔfǎ, kǒuyǔ, xiězuò, tóngshí hái yǒu yì xiē jièshào Zhōngguo wénhuà de kèchéng. Xuéyǒu hé Rénměi dōu duì Zhōngguo wénhuà hěn gǎn xìngqu. Kètáng shang, tāmen zhuānxīn de tīngjiǎng, rènzhēn de zuò bǐjì. Lǎoshī jiǎng de kè, tāmen yǒu de tīng de dǒng, yǒu de bú tài dǒng. Bù dǒng de dōngxi, tāmen jiù qù qǐngjiao lǎoshī. Xiàwǔ, yǒushí tāmen qù túshūguǎn chá zīliào, yǒushí zài sùshè fùxí gōngkè. Cǐwài, měi zhōu yǒu yí cì cèyàn, jiǎnyàn xuésheng de xuéxí qíngkuàng. Xuéyǒu hé Rénměi xué de hěn nǔlì, suǒyǐ, tāmen de Zhōngwén shuǐpíng tígāo de fēicháng kuài, měi cì cèyàn de chéngji dōu búcuò. Dāngrán, tāmen yě huì chōu chū yì xiē shíjiān, duànliàn shēntí. Tiānqì hǎo deshíhou, tāmen huì zài xiàoyuán nèi pǎobù, dǎ yǔmáoqiú ; tiānqì tài rè le, jiù dào yóuyǒngguǎn qù yóuyǒng huò qù jiànshēnfáng duànliàn.

Zài Běijīng, Rénměi hé Xuéyǒu hái jiāo le hěn duō Zhōngguo péngyou. Guóhuá hé Xiǎofāng shì Běijīng dàxué Yīngyǔ xì de xuésheng, tāmen dōu shì Rénměi hé Xuéyǒu de péngyou. Tāmen sì ge rén zài yìqǐ deshíhou, jīngcháng liáotiān, tán xuéxí, tán xiàoyuán shēnghuo, tán Zhōngguo dàxuésheng hé Měiguo dàxuésheng zhījiān de bùtóng. Gèng duō deshíhou, tāmen zài yǔyán shang hùxiāng bāngzhù, hùxiāng xuéxí. Jīntiān xiàwǔ, tāmen yòu zài yìqǐ liáo le hěn cháng shíjiān. Guóhuá zhèngzài zhǔnbèi GRE kǎoshī, xīwang néng dào Měiguo gōngdú bóshì xuéwèi. Xiǎofāng zhèng lìyòng jiàqī zài yì jiā wàizī qǐyè gōngzuò. Jiù yào bìyè le, tā xīwang néng yǒu xiē shíjiàn jīngyàn, wèile néng shùnlì de shìyìng yǐhòu de gōngzuò. Guóhuá gěi Xuéyǒu tāmen jièshào le hěn duō Běijīng hǎo wánr de dìfāng. Ànzhào Guóhuá hé qíitā Zhōngguo péngyou de jièshào, Xuéyǒu hé Rénměi yǐjīng qù le hěn duō dìfāng. Chángchéng, Xiāngshān, Běihǎi děng dìfāng, tāmen dōu qù guò le. Zhè ge zhōumò, Guóhuá hé Xiǎofāng yào dài Xuéyǒu tāmen qù Tiāntán wánr, hái yào yìqǐ qù yǒumíng de Xī’ān jiǎoziguǎn.

Vocabulary 词汇

Chinese Words | Pinyin | Part of Speech | Engl. Trans.
对 | duì | measure word | a pair of, couple
恋人 | liànrén | n. | lover
聊天 | liáotiān | v. | to chat
辅导 | fǔdǎo | v. | to tutor
利用 | lìyòng | v. | to make use of
假期 | jiàqī | n. | vacation
外资企业 | wàizīqǐyè | n. | foreign invested business
申请 | shēnqǐng | v. | to apply
奖学金 | jiǎngxuéjīn | n. | scholarship
专业 | zhuānyè | n. | major (field of study)
研究所 | yánjiūsuǒ | n. | research institute; graduate school
攻读 | gōngdú | v. | to pursue study
英美文学 | yīngměi wénxué | n. | British and American literature
博士 | bóshì | n. | Ph.D.
学位 | xuéwèi | n. | degree
真正 | zhēnzhèng | adj. | truely
原因 | yuányīn | n. | reason
修 | xiū | v. | to take (a course)
门 | mén | measure word | used for subjects of study
毕竟 | bìjìng | adv. | after all
有限 | yǒuxiàn | adj. | to be limited
机会 | jīhuì | n. | opportunity
交谈 | jiāotán | v. | to converseto converse
课程 | kèchéng | n. | course schedule
安排 | ānpái | v. | to arrange
紧张 | jǐnzhāng | adj. | busy
测验 | cèyàn | n. | quiz
壮观 | zhuàngguāng | adj. | magnificent
不到长城非好汉 | bú dào chángchéng fēi hǎo hàn | idiom exp. | "If you fail to reach the Great Wall, you are not a man."
俗话 | súhuà | n. | old saying
理解 | lǐjiě | v. | to understand
相机 | xiàngjī | n. | camera
照相 | zhaòxiàng | v. | to take pictures
天坛 | tiāntán | place name | the Temple of Heaven
西安 | Xī'ā  | n | place name
饺子 | jiǎozi | n. | Chinese dumpling
平时 | píngshí | n. | ordinarily, usually, normally
周末 | zhōumo | n. | weekend
遥远 | yáoyuǎn | adj. | far
鼓励 | gǔlì | v. to | encourage
丰富 | fēngfù | adj. | plentiful
满 | mǎn | adj. | full
写作 | xiězuò | n. | composition, writing
感兴趣 | gǎnxìngqù | v. | to be interested (in)
专心 | zhuānxīn | adj. | to be concentrated (on); to be attentive (to)
听讲 | tīngjiǎng | v. | to listen (to lectures)
笔记 | bǐjì | n. | notes
请教 | qǐngjiào | v. | to consult; to ask for advise
查资料 | cházīliào | v. | to consult/look up information (books, papers periodicals etc.)
检验 | jiǎnyàn | v. | to check, to evaluate
情况 | qíngkuàng | n. | situation
提高 | tígāo | v. | to improve
当然 | dāngrán | v. | certainly
抽(时间) | chōu (shíjiān) | v. | to find (time), to save (time)
羽毛球 | yǔmáoqiú | n. | badminton
游泳馆 | yóuyǒngguǎn | n. | natatorium, swimming hall
健身房 | jiànshēnfáng | n. | gym
校园 | xiàoyuán | n. | campus
实践 | shíjiàn | v. | to put into practice practical
经验 | jīngyàn | n. | experience
顺利 | shùnlì | adj. | smooth
适应 | shìyìng | v. | to adjust. to adapt
调查 | diàochá | v. | to investigate
论文 | lùnwén | n. | dissertation
期刊 | qīkān | n. | journal
期 | qī | measure word | for things scheduled by periods

Grammar 语法

1. A Summary of the Aspect Particles 正(在), 着, (就/快)要...了, 了, 过.

The progressive aspect of an action using 正(在).

The progressive aspect is used to indicate an action that is in progress. When used with appropriate time words, the aspect particle 正(在) can indicate the past, the present or the future progressive aspect of an action.

For example:

1.) 今天上午国华给学友打电话的时候, 学友正在复习中文呢。 This morning when Guohua called Xueyou, Xueyou was reviewing Chinese.

2.) 王老师正在给小丁辅导语法呢。 我等一下儿再问他问题。 Teacher Wang is tutoring Xiaoding on her Grammar. I will wait for a while to ask him questions.

3.) 如果你明天九点去林老师那儿, 他一定正在改作业呢。 If you go to Teacher Lin's place at 9:00 tomorrow, he will certainly be correcting homework.

4.) 现在美国的大学生们正在放暑假。 他们劳工节 (láogōngjié, Labor Day) 以後开学。 Now American college students are having summer break. They will start school after Labor Day.

The continuous aspect of action using 着.

The continuous aspect is used to indicate the continuation of an action or the result of an action. When used with approriate time words, the aspect particle 着 can indicate the past, the present or the future continuous aspect of an action.

For example:

1.) 昨天我去小丁那儿的时候, 她正听着中国民歌呢。 Yesterday when I went to Xiaoding's place, she was listening to Chinese folk songs.

2.) 小丁的宿舍很干净。 墙上挂着她的爸爸、妈妈的照片。 Xiaoding's dorm is very clean. On the wall there hangs her mom and dad's picture.

3.) 圣诞节的早上, 孩子们的床边会放着圣诞老人 (shèngdànlǎorén, Santa Claus) 送给他们的礼物。 In the morning on Christmas Day, children's bedside will be placed with gifts that Santa Claus gives them.

4.) 小丁的妈妈看着小丁从北京寄来的照片, 高兴地笑了。 Xiaoding's mom, looking at the pictures Xiaoding sent from Beijing, smiled happily.

The impending aspect of action using (就/快)要...了...

The impending aspect is used to indicate that an action is going to take place soon. The structure (就/快)要...了... is used to express the impending aspect of action.

For example:

1.) 小丁的爸爸、妈妈就要来北京看她了。 Xiaoding's mom and dad are coming to Beijing to see her (soon).

2.) 快要期末考试了。 世海复习中文复习得很认真。 The final is coming up. Shihai is reviewing Chinese very carefully.

3.) 就要下雨了。 我们明天再去颐和园玩儿吧。 It is going to rain. Let's go to the Summer Palace tomorrow.

4.) 飞机就要到北京了。 小丁和学友都很兴奋。 The plane is about to arrive in Beijing. Xiaoding and Xueyou are both very excited.

The perfect aspect of action using 了.

The perfect aspect is used to indicate the realization or completion of an action. When used with approriate time words, the aspect particle 了 can indicate the past, the present or the future perfect aspect of an action.

For example:

1.) 小丁和学友上个星期天跟林老师一起去长城玩儿了。 Xiaoding and Xueyou went to the Great Wall with Teacher Lin last Sunday.

2.) 明天这个时候, 我妈妈的飞机已经到肯尼迪 (kěnnídí , Kennedy) 机场了。 Tomorrow at this time, my mom's plane will have arrived at JFK Airport.

3.) 来中国以前, 人美修了好几门中文课。 Before coming to China, Renmei had taken many Chinese courses.

4.) 昨天我们给爸爸、妈妈寄了信和照片。 Yesterday we sent a letter and pictures to mom and dad.

The past experience using 过.

The aspect particle 过 is used to indicate the past experience of an action. For sentences using the aspect particle 过, if the speaker would like to indicate that the event referred to has already taken place and is relevant to the present situation, the modal particle 了 (not the aspect particle 了) can be added at the end of the sentences.

For example:

1.) 昨天小丁和学友已经考过试了。 Yesterday Xiaoding and Xueyou had taken the exam.

2.) 学友上星期去过医院体检了。 Xueyou went to the hospital and had a physical exam last week.

3.) 小丁的爸爸、妈妈都来过中国。 Xiaoding's dad and mom both have been to China.

4.) 晓芳在外资企业工作过。 Xiaofang has had the experience of working in a foreign invested company.

2. A Summary of the Structural Particles 的, 地, 得.

的 is usually used together with adjectives/pronouns/nouns as an attributive modifier.

The pattern is:

ADJ / PRON / N + 的 + N

For example:

1.) 张国华和王晓芳都是北京大学的学生。 Zhang Guohua and Wang Xiaofang are both students of Beijing University.

2.) 上海是一个非常现代化的城市。 Shanghai is a very modernized city.

3.) 学友和小丁很喜欢他们的口语老师。 Xueyou and Xiaoding like their speaking class' teacher very much.

地 is usually used together with adjective as an aderbial modifier.

The pattern is:

ADJ + 地 + V

For example:

1.) 小丁高兴地告诉林老师, 这个周末她和学友跟他们的中国朋友一起去天坛。 Xiaoding told Teacher Lin happily, this weekend, she and Xueyou would go to the Temple of Heaven with their Chinese friends.

2.) 为了更好地了解美国的文化, 国华想去美国留学。 In order to understand the American culture better, Guohua would like to go to the U.S. to study.

3.) 课堂上, 同学们都专心地听讲, 认真地作笔记。 In class, all students listen to the teacher attentively and take notes carefully.

得 is used together with adjective as complements of degree.

The pattern is:

V + 得 + ADJ

For examples:

1.) 小丁说中文说得很标准。 Xiaoding speaks Chinese in a standard accent.

2.) 学友开车开得很快。 Xueyou drives very fast.

3.) 李大夫看病看得很认真。 Dr. Li sees patients very conscientiously.

3. A Summary of the Adverbials 又, 再, 还.

The meaning for 又, 再, 还 is "again". However, the usage of the three adverbials are different.

又 is used to indicate the repetition of an action that has already taken place. When used in a negative sentence, 又 is used to indicate the repetition of the non-occurence of an action.

Sometimes, 又 can also be used to indicate the repetition of an action that has not yet taken place. In this kind of situation, however, the action involved is expected to take place according to people's past experience or natural law.

For example:

1.) 今天上午我给我的女朋友打了一个电话。 下午, 我又给她打了一个电话。 I called my girlfriend this morning. In the afternoon, I called her again.

2.) 他得了流行性感冒。 昨天他没来上课。 今天, 他又没来。 He got the flu. Yesterday, he didn't come to class. Today, he didn't come again.

3.) 明天又是晴天。 我们一起去郊游 (jiāoyóu, go on an excursion/outing ) 吧。 Tomorrow will be a fine day again. Let's go on an excursion or an outing together.

再 is used to indicate the repetition of an action that will take place in the future. When used in a negative sentence, 再 is used to indicate the repetition of the non-occurence of an action that will not take place in the future.

再 is also used to indicate an action that will take place after a certain point or period of time.

For example:

1.) 长城真是很壮观。 我们还想再去一次。 The Great Wall is really magnificent. We would like to go there again.

2.) 昨天我已经给爸爸、妈妈打过电话了。 今天我不再打了。 Yesterday I already called my mom and dad. I am not calling them today.

3.) 这个美国留学生先在北京语言文化大学学习中文, 然後再去北京大学学习中国历史。 This American student studied Chinese in Beijing Language and Culture University first, then he went to Beijing University to study Chinese history.

还 is used to emphasize the repetition of an action that will take place in the future. 还 is often used together with optative words such as 想, 要, 应该 etc. in this case.

还 also means "besides, in addition to" or "still, (is) yet to".

For example:

1.) 这个饭馆真不错。 我明天还想来。 This restaurant is great. I want to come again tomorrow.

2.) 雨还没有停呢。 你们再坐一会儿吧。 The rain has not yet stopped. Please stay/sit for a while.

3.) 国华认识很多外国留学生, 有日本人, 韩国人, 法国人, 还有美国人。 Guohua knows many foreign students, there are Japanese, Koreans, French, as well as Americans.

4. The Structure 要(想)...就应该...

The structure 要(想)...就应该... means "if (somebody would like to do sth.), he/she should (do sth. first)." It is a conditional structure in which the speaker states the goal after 要(想), and indicates the condition(s) for realizing the goal after 就应该. The basic pattern is:

Subject + 要(想) + Goal, 就应该 + Condition(s)

For example:

1.) 要真正了解一个国家的语言和文化, 就应该去那个国家学习和生活一段时间。 If you want to truely understand the language and culture of a country, you should go to study and live in that country for a period of time.

2.) 要想学好中文, 就应该多跟中国人交流 (jiāoliú, to communicate with)。 If you want to study Chinese well, you should communicate with Chinese people more often.

3.) 要想身体健康, 就应该多锻练身体。 If you want to keep healthy, you should do more exercises.

Speech patterns;

1. The Aspect Particles 正(在), 着, (就/快)要...了, 了, 过.;

今天我在图书馆看到国华的时候, 他正在复习英文呢。

明天下午两点的时候, 我一定正在开车去机场接人呢。

这是我爸爸的书房。 墙上挂着一张中国地图。

明天我会带着眼镜 (yǎnjìng, lenses) 去看画展 (huàzhǎn, art exhibition)。 

就要春天了。 校园里的花就要开了。

这个星期小丁考过试了。 她考得还不错。

When I saw Guohua in the library today, he was reviewing English.

Tomorrow afternoon at two, I will certainly be driving to the airport to pick up someone.

This is my dad's study. On the wall there hangs a map of China.

Tomorrow I will go to see the art exhibition wearing my glasses.

Spring is coming soon. The flowers on campus are going to blossom.

This week Xiaoding has had her exam. She did quite well.

2. The Structural Particles 的, 地, 得.;

小丁要给王老师的太太打电话。

北京国际机场是一座现代化的机场。

小丁和学友很想念他们的爸爸、妈妈和在美国的朋友们。

看了小丁和学友寄来的照片和信, 小丁的妈妈高兴地说：“北京真漂亮。” 

小丁的妈妈在信中要小丁努力地学习中文, 不要想家。

现在, 小丁和学友写汉字写得很漂亮。 

Xiaoding is going to call Teacher Wang's wife.

Beijing International Airport is a modernized airport.

Xiaoding and Xueyou miss their mom and dad and their friends in the U.S. a lot.

After looking at the pictures and the letter sent by Xiaoding and Xueyou, Xiaoding's mom said gladly: "Beijing is very beautiful."

Xiaoding's mom in her letter asked Xiaoding study Chinese hard and not miss home.

Now, Xiaoding and Xueyou write Chinese characters beautifully.

3. The Adverbials 又, 再, 还.;

我昨天买了一本英文小说 (xiǎoshuō, novel)。 今天我又买了一本。

去年夏天我去了一次中国。 今年夏天我又要去中国了。

今年春假我去了佛罗里达 (fóluólǐdá, Florida) 的迪斯尼 (dísīní) 乐园( lèyuán, entertainment park)。 明年我还想再去一次。

饭还没有做好呢。 你们先喝点儿茶吧。

我的家有四个孩子。 我有一个哥哥, 一个弟弟, 还有一个妹妹。

I bought an English novel yesterday. I bought another one today.

I went to China last summer. I intend again to go to China this summer.

 I went to the Disney land in Florida in spring. I want to go again next year.

The meal is not ready yet. Please have some tea first.

There are four children in my family. I have an older brother, a younger brother, as well as a younger sister.

4. The Structure 要(想)...就应该...;

要想看星期六晚上的电影, 就应该早点儿买票。

要想学作中国菜, 就应该买一本中国菜谱 (càipǔ, recipe)。

要想修这门书法课, 就应该早点儿注册。

在美国, 要想看医生, 就应该打电话预约。 

If you want to see the movie on Saturday night, you should buy the tickets earlier.

If you want to learn to make Chinese food, you should buy a Chinese cookbook.

If you want to take this calligraphy class, you should register earlier.

In the U.S., if you want to see a doctor, you should call to make an appointment.

Dialogue

English

Buying tea in a Beijing University store

Rénměi and Xuéyǒu go to Sānjiǎodì in Běidà to buy tea leaves.

Yíngyéyuán (Salesman): What do you want to buy?

Rénměi: We would like to buy some tea and a tea set.

Yíngyéyuán: We have every kind of tea here，but we don’t have tea sets.

Xuéyǒu: It’s alright. What kinds of tea do you have?

Yíngyéyuán: Here we have Hāngzhōu Lóngjīng，Ānhuī Mǎojiān，Fújiān Tiě Guānyīn and Jasmine teas. In addition we also have the Chrystathemum tea which people from Guǎngdōng like. Which kind would you like to buy?

Xuéyǒu: When I was in America，I especially liked the Lóngjīng tea which my Chinese teacher gave me. I never drank the other teas before. Can you introduce them to me?

Yíngyéyuán: Sure，Lóngjīng tea，Mǎojiān and Jasmine teas are all types of Green Tea. Tiě Guānyīn is a Black tea.　The taste of Black Tea is more concentrated than Green Tea. Some people say that you should drink Green Tea in the summer and Black Tea in the winter. Chrysanthemum Tea has dry Chrysanthemum leaves inside; it has a fresh and cool taste. Chinese people like to drink Chrysanthemum tea during the summer.

Rénměi: You did an excellent job introducing; I would like to try each type of tea.

Yíngyéyuán: Lóngjīng tea，Mǎojiān and Tiě Guānyīn are more expensive than Jasmine and Chrysanthemum teas. I suggest you first buy one or two types of tea products and try them. The next time you come again you can buy other teas.

Xuéyǒu: Ok. Rénměi，I want a box of Lóngjīng Tea，what would you like?

Rénměi: I would like a box of Jasmine Tea.

Yíngyéyuán: A box of Lóngjīng tea is fifteen kuài and eight mǎo. Jasmine tea is not as expensive as Lóngjīng. A box costs ten kuài and five mǎo. Altogether it costs twenty-six kuài and three mǎo.

Rénměi: This is thirty kuài，can you give me change?

Yíngyéyuán: Thanks，You have three kuài and seven mǎo change. This is your tea leaves. You are welcome to come again next time.

Xuéyǒu: While I have the chance to ask，we want to buy a tea set, which general merchandise store should we go to?

Yíngyéyuán: In the vicinity of the school there is a general merchandise store. The tea sets there are relatively cheap，but the product types are not as many as Zhōngguāncún general merchandise store. You can go to Zhōngguāncún general merchandise store and look around. There are purple sand tea sets，there are also white porcelain tea sets. The prices are excellent.

Rénměi and Xuéyǒu: Thank you，tomorrow we will definitely look around. Goodbye.

Yíngyéyuán: Goodbye.

Simplified

初级第三十六课: 对话 在北大商店买茶叶

(人美和学友去北大三角地的北大商店买茶叶。)

营业员：你们需要买什麽？

人美: 我们想买一些茶和一套茶具。

营业员：我们这儿有各种各样的茶，可是没有茶具。

学友: 没关系。 你们有什麽茶？

营业员：我们这儿有杭州的龙井茶，安徽的毛尖，福建的铁观音和茉莉花茶， 还有广东人喜欢喝的菊花茶。 你们想买哪一种？

学友: 我在美国的时候，特别喜欢喝我的中国老师送我的龙井茶。 其他的茶我都没有喝过，你可以给我们介绍一下儿吗？

营业员：可以。 龙井茶，毛尖和茉莉花茶都是绿茶，铁观音是红茶。 红茶的味道比绿茶浓。 有的人说，夏天应该喝绿茶，冬天应该喝红茶。菊花茶的里边有干菊花，清凉爽口。 中国人喜欢在夏天喝菊花茶。

人美: 你介绍得真好。 每一种茶我都想试试。

营业员：龙井茶，毛尖和铁观音比茉莉花茶和菊花茶贵。 我建议你们先买一种或者两种茶品尝品尝。 下一次再来买别的茶。

学友: 对。 人美，我想要一盒龙井茶，你呢？

人美: 我要一盒茉莉花茶。

营业员：龙井茶一盒十五块八毛。 茉莉花茶没有龙井茶贵，一盒十块五毛。一共二十六块三毛。

人美: 这是三十块。 请您找一下儿。

营业员：谢谢。找您三块七毛。 这是你们的茶叶。 欢迎下次再来。

学友: 顺便问一下儿，我们想买一套茶具，应该去哪一个百货商店？

营业员：学校附近就有一个百货商店。 那儿的茶具比较便宜。 不过，茶具的品种没有中关村百货商店多。 你们可以去中关村百货商店看看。那儿有紫砂茶具，也有白瓷茶具。 价格也不错。

人美﹑学友：谢谢您。 我们明天就去那儿看看。 再见！

营业员：再见。

Traditional

初級第三十六課: 對話 在北大商店買茶葉

(人美和學友去北大三角地的北大商店買茶葉。)

營業員﹕你們需要買什麼﹖

人美﹕ 我們想買一些茶和一套茶具。

營業員﹕我們這兒有各種各樣的茶，可是沒有茶具。

學友﹕ 沒關係。 你們有什麼茶﹖

營業員﹕我們這兒有杭州的龍井茶﹐ 安徽的毛尖﹐ 福建的鐵觀音和茉莉花茶﹐ 還有廣東人喜歡喝的菊花茶。 你們想買哪一種﹖

學友﹕ 我在美國的時候﹐特別喜歡喝我的中國老師送我的龍井茶。 其他的茶我都沒有喝過﹐ 你可以給我們介紹一下兒嗎﹖

營業員﹕可以。 龍井茶﹐毛尖和茉莉花茶都是綠茶﹐ 鐵觀音是紅茶。 紅茶的味道比綠茶濃。 有的人說﹐ 夏天應該喝綠茶﹐ 冬天應該喝紅茶。菊花茶的裡邊有干菊花﹐清涼爽口。 中國人喜歡在夏天喝菊花茶。

人美﹕ 你介紹得真好。 每一種茶我都想試試。

營業員﹕龍井茶﹐毛尖和鐵觀音比茉莉花茶和菊花茶貴。 我建議你們先買一種或者兩種茶品嘗品嘗。 下一次再來買別的茶。

學友﹕ 對。 人美﹐我想要一盒龍井茶﹐你呢﹖

人美﹕ 我要一盒茉莉花茶。

營業員﹕龍井茶一盒十五塊八毛。 茉莉花茶沒有龍井茶貴﹐ 一盒十塊五毛。 一共二十六塊三毛。

人美﹕ 這是三十塊。 請您找一下兒。

營業員﹕謝謝。找您三塊七毛。 這是你們的茶葉。 歡迎下次再來。

學友﹕ 順便問一下兒﹐我們想買一套茶具﹐ 應該去哪一個百貨商店﹖

營業員﹕學校附近就有一個百貨商店。 那兒的茶具比較便宜。 不過﹐ 茶具的品種沒有中關村百貨商店多。 你們可以去中關村百貨商店看看。那兒有紫砂茶具﹐也有白瓷茶具。 價格也不錯。

人美﹑學友﹕謝謝您。 我們明天就去那兒看看。 再見﹗

營業員﹕再見。

Pinyin

Chūjí dì sānshíliù kè: Duìhuà zài běidà shāngdiàn mǎi cháyè

(rén měihé xuéyǒu qù běidà sānjiǎo dì de běidà shāngdiàn mǎi cháyè.)

Yíngyèyuán: Nǐmen xū yāo mǎi shénmó?

Rén měi: Wǒmen xiǎng mǎi yīxiē chá hé yī tào chájù.

Yíngyèyuán: Wǒmen zhè'er yǒu gè zhǒng gè yàng de chá, kěshì méiyǒu chájù.

Xuéyǒu: Méiguānxì. Nǐmen yǒu shé mó chá?

Yíngyèyuán: Wǒmen zhè'er yǒu hángzhōu de lóngjǐng chá, ānhuī de máojiān, fújiàn de tiě guānyīn hé mòlìhuā chá, hái yǒu guǎngdōng rén xǐhuān hē de júhuā chá. Nǐmen xiǎng mǎi nǎ yī zhǒng?

Xuéyǒu: Wǒ zài měiguó de shíhòu, tèbié xǐhuān hē wǒ de zhōngguó lǎoshī sòng wǒ de lóngjǐng chá. Qítā de chá wǒ dū méiyǒu hēguò, nǐ kěyǐ gěi wǒmen jièshào yīxià er ma?

Yíngyèyuán: Kěyǐ. Lóngjǐng chá, máojiān hé mòlìhuā chá dōu shì lǜchá, tiě guānyīn shì hóngchá. Hóngchá de wèidào bǐ lǜchá nóng. Yǒu de rén shuō, xiàtiān yìng gāi hē lǜchá, dōngtiān yìng gāi hē hóngchá. Júhuā chá de lǐbian yǒu gàn júhuā, qīngliáng shuǎngkǒu. Zhōngguó rén xǐhuān zài xiàtiān hē júhuā chá.

Rén měi: Nǐ jièshào dé zhēn hǎo. Měi yī zhǒng chá wǒ dū xiǎng shì shì.

Yíngyèyuán: Lóngjǐng chá, máojiān hé tiě guānyīn bǐ mòlìhuā chá hé júhuā chá guì. Wǒ jiànyì nǐmen xiān mǎi yī zhǒng huòzhě liǎng zhǒng chá pǐncháng pǐncháng. Xià yīcì zàilái mǎi bié de chá.

Xuéyǒu: Duì. Rén měi, wǒ xiǎng yào yī hé lóngjǐng chá, nǐ ne?

Rén měi: Wǒ yào yī hé mòlìhuā chá.

Yíngyèyuán: Lóngjǐng chá yī hé shíwǔ kuài bā máo. Mòlìhuā chá méiyǒu lóngjǐng chá guì, yī hé shí kuài wǔmáo. Yīgòng èrshíliù kuài sān máo.

Rén měi: Zhè shì sānshí kuài. Qǐng nín zhǎo yīxià er.

Yíngyèyuán: Xièxiè. Zhǎo nín sān kuài qī máo. Zhè shì nǐmen de cháyè. Huānyíng xià cì zàilái.

Xuéyǒu: Shùnbiàn wèn yīxià er, wǒmen xiǎng mǎi yī tào chájù, yīnggāi qù nǎ yīgè bǎihuò shāngdiàn?

Yíngyèyuán: Xuéxiào fùjìn jiù yǒu yīgè bǎihuò shāngdiàn. Nà'er de chájù bǐjiào piányí. Bùguò, chájù de pǐnzhǒng méiyǒu zhòng guān cūn bǎihuò shāngdiàn duō. Nǐmen kěyǐ qù zhōngguāncūn bǎihuò shāngdiàn kàn kàn. Nà'er yǒu zǐshā chájù, yěyǒu bái cí chájù. Jiàgé yě bùcuò.

Rén měi﹑xuéyǒu: Xièxiè nín. Wǒmen míngtiān jiù qù nà'er kàn kàn. Zàijiàn!

Yíngyèyuán: Zàijiàn.

Text

English

Buying Dictionaries

On a Friday after class，Xuéyǒu and Rénměi went to Xīnhuá bookstore in Běijīng University together to buy dictionaries. There were a lot of students in the bookstore. Some of them were looking for books，some of them were waiting in line to pay.

Xuéyǒu and Rénměi were standing in front of a bookshelf that sells dictionaries. A young sales associate asked them cordially : " what kind of dictionary would you like to buy?" Xuéyǒu and Rénměi told the sales associate that they are American exchange students who came to Běidà to study Chinese. They want to buy some Chinese dictionaries，but they have no idea which one is good (appropriate). The sales associate introduced "Xian Da Hàn Yīng Cídiǎn" and "Xīnhuá zìdiǎn" to them. She told them that Cídiǎn is different from zìdiǎn; Cídiǎn collects and explains vocabularies，while Zìdiǎn explains the pronunciation，meaning and usage of a character. "Xian Da Hàn Yīng Cídiǎn" is a Chinese-English dictionary. (People) can use Pīnyīn to look up new words，and it is very convenient. "Xīnhuá zìdiǎn" is written in Chinese. People can use the radicals or strokes to look up new characters. It collects more characters and has more detailed explanations than "Xian Dan Hàn Yīng Cídiǎn". But "Xīnhuá zìdiǎn" is more difficult than "Xian Dan Hàn Yīng Cídiǎn" for foreign students. These two dictionaries also have different prices. A "Xian Dan Hàn Yīng Cídiǎn" is forty three dollars and eighty cents. "Xīnhuá zìdiǎn" is cheaper than "Xiàndài Hàn Yīng Cídiǎn",it is twenty Yuan. Xuéyǒu and Rénměi told the sales associate，Chinese dictionaries are cheaper than American dictionaries. They like both of the dictionaries that the clerk introduced very much. Finally，both Xuéyǒu and Rénměi bought one "Xīnhuá zìdiǎn" and one "Xiàndài Hàn Yīng Cídiǎn".

Note: Both "Xīnhuá zìdiǎn" and "Xiàndài Hàn Yīng Cídiǎn" are in simplified edition.

Simplified

买词典

星期五下午下课以後，学友和人美一起去北大校园里边的新华书店买词典。书店里有很多学生。 有的正在挑选书，有的在排队付款。

学友和人美站在卖词典的书架前，一个年轻的营业员热情地问学友和人美：“你们想买什麽词典？”学友和人美告诉营业员，他们是来北大学习中文的美国留学生，想买中文词典，但是不知道哪种词典合适。营业员给学友和人美介绍《现代汉英词典》和《新华字典》。营业员告诉他们，“词典”和“字>典”不一样；“词典”是收集和解释词汇，“字典”是解释单字的读音﹑意思和用法。 "现代汉英词合适。营业员给学友和人美介绍《现代汉英词典》和《新华字典》。营业员告诉他们，“词典”和“字典”不一样；“词典”是收集和解释词汇，“字典”是解释单字的读音﹑意思和用法。 "现代汉英词典"是一本中英文对照的词典，可以用拼音查生词，非常方便。《新华字典》是一本全中文的字典，可以用拼音或者部首笔划查生词，它收集的汉字比《现代汉英词典》多，汉字的注解也《现代汉英词典>>详细。可是对外国留学生来说，《新华字典》比《现代汉英词典》难。这两本词典的价格也不一样。一本《现代汉英词典》是四十三块八毛。 《新华字典》比《现代汉英词典》便宜，是二十块钱。学友和人美告诉营业员，中国的词典比美国的词典便宜，他们很喜欢营业员给他们介绍的这两本词典。最後，学友和人美都买了一本《新华字典》和一本《现代汉英词典》。

注：《新华字典》和《现代汉英词典》都是简体字版本。

Traditional

買詞典

星期五下午下課以後﹐學友和人美一起去北大校園裡邊的新華書店買詞典。書店裡有很多學生。 有的正在挑選書﹐有的在排隊付款。

學友和人美站在賣詞典的書架前﹐一個年輕的營業員熱情地問學友和人美﹕“你們想買什麼詞典﹖”學友和人美告訴營業員﹐他們是來北大學習中文的美國留學生﹐想買中文詞典﹐但是不知道哪種詞典合適。營業員給學友和人美介紹《現代漢英詞典》和《新華字典》。營業員告訴他們﹐“詞典”和“字典”不一樣﹔“詞典”是收集和解釋詞彙﹐“字典”是解釋單字的讀音﹑意思和用法。 "現代漢英詞典"是一本中英文對照的詞典﹐可以用拼音查生詞﹐非常方便。《新華字典》是一本全中文的字典﹐可以用拼音或者部首筆劃查生詞﹐它收集的漢字比《現代漢英詞典》多﹐漢字的註解也《現代漢英詞典>>詳細。可是對外國留學生來說﹐《新華字典》比《現代漢英詞典》難。這兩本詞典的價格也不一樣。一本《現代漢英詞典》是四十三塊八毛。 《新華字典》比《現代漢英詞典》便宜﹐是二十塊錢。學友和人美告訴營業員﹐中國的詞典比美國的詞典便宜﹐他們很喜歡營業員給他們介紹的這兩本詞典。最後﹐學友和人美都買了一本《新華字典》和一本《現代漢英詞典》。

注﹕《新華字典》和《現代漢英詞典》都是簡體字版本。

Pinyin

mǎi cídiǎn

xīngqíwǔ xiàwǔ xiàkè yǐhòu, xuéyǒu hé rén měi yì qǐ qù běidà xiàoyuán lǐbian de xīnhuá shūdiàn mǎi cídiǎn. Shūdiàn li yǒu hěnduō xuéshēng. Yǒu de zhèngzài tiāoxuǎn shū, yǒu de zài páiduì fùkuǎn.

xuéyǒu hé rén měi zhàn zài mài cídiǎn de shūjià qián, yīgè niánqīng de yíngyèyuán rèqíng de wèn xuéyǒu hé rén měi:“Nǐmen xiǎng mǎi shénmó cídiǎn?” Xuéyǒu hé rén měi gàosù yíngyèyuán, tāmen shì lái běidà xuéxí zhōngwén dì měiguó liúxuéshēng, xiǎng mǎi zhōngwén cídiǎn, dànshì bù zhīdào nǎ zhǒng cídiǎn héshì. Yíngyèyuán gěi xuéyǒu hé rén měi jièshào “Xiàndài hàn yīng cídiǎn” hé “xīnhuá zìdiǎn”. Yíngyèyuán gàosù tāmen,“cídiǎn” hé “zì> diǎn” bù yīyàng;“cídiǎn” shì shōují hé jiěshì cíhuì,“zìdiǎn” shì jiěshì dānzì de dúyīn﹑yìsi hé yòngfǎ. "Xiàndài hàn yīng cí héshì. Yíngyèyuán gěi xuéyǒu hé rén měi jièshào “Xiàndài hàn yīng cídiǎn” hé “xīnhuá zìdiǎn”. Yíngyèyuán gàosù tāmen,“cídiǎn” hé “zìdiǎn” bù yīyàng;“cídiǎn” shì shōují hé jiěshì cíhuì,“zìdiǎn” shì jiěshì dānzì de dúyīn﹑yìsi hé yòngfǎ. "Xiàndài hàn yīng cídiǎn"shì yī běn zhōng yīngwén duìzhào de cídiǎn, kěyǐ yòng pīnyīn chá shēngcí, fēicháng fāngbiàn.“Xīnhuá zìdiǎn” shì yī běn quán zhōngwén de zìdiǎn, kěyǐ yòng pīnyīn huòzhě bù shǒu bǐhuà chá shēngcí, tā shōují de hànzì bǐ “Xiàndài hàn yīng cídiǎn” duō, hànzì de zhùjiě yě “Xiàndài hàn yīng cídiǎn>> xiángxì. Kěshì duì wàiguó liúxuéshēng lái shuō,“xīnhuá zìdiǎn” bǐ “Xiàndài hàn yīng cídiǎn” nán. Zhè liǎng běn cídiǎn de jiàgé yě bù yīyàng. Yī běn “Xiàndài hàn yīng cídiǎn” shì sìshísān kuài bā máo. “Xīnhuá zìdiǎn” bǐ “Xiàndài hàn yīng cídiǎn” piányí, shì èrshí kuài qián. Xuéyǒu hé rén měi gàosù yíngyèyuán, zhōngguó de cídiǎn bǐ měiguó de cídiǎn piányí, tāmen hěn xǐhuān yíngyèyuán gěi tāmen jièshào de zhè liǎng běn cídiǎn. Zuìhòu, xuéyǒu hé rén měi dū mǎile yī běn “xīnhuá zìdiǎn” hé yī běn “Xiàndài hàn yīng cídiǎn”.

zhù:“Xīnhuá zìdiǎn” hé “Xiàndài hàn yīng cídiǎn” dōu shì jiǎntǐzì bǎnběn.

Vocabulary 词汇

Chinese Words | Pinyin | Part of Speech | Engl. Trans.
爸爸 | Bàba | n. | father
妈妈 | Māma | n. | mother
朋友 | péngyǒu | n. | friend
大夫 | dàifū | n. | doctor
车 | chē | n. | car，bus
书 | shū | n. | book
这 | zhè | demonstrative pron. | this
那 | nà | dem. pron. | that
她 | tā | pron. | she，her
是 | shì | classificatory verb | to be
的 | de | structural particle | structural particle

Grammar 语法

1. Number:

Like Chinese verbs，Chinese nouns do not differentiate between singular and plural.

Thus English “ a book” and “ books” is expressed same as 书 in Chinese.

2. Structural particle 的:

The structural particle 的 de indicates that the word or phrase preceding it functions as an attributive which defines or modifies the noun or noun phrase that comes after it. For example:

好的车 Hǎo de chē good cars

很忙的大夫 Hěn máng de dàfū a very busy doctor

我的爸爸 Wǒ de bàba my father

她妈妈的书 Tā māmā de shū her mom’s books

In general，the particle 的 de comes in as a link marker between the modifier and the noun or the noun phrase modified. But，there are some cases in which 的 de is optional:

A. Where personal pronouns modify words denoting people in close relationship to them:

她()爸爸 Tā () bàba her father

我们( )哥哥 Wǒmen ( ) gēgē our older brother

你( )朋友 Nǐ ( ) péngyǒu your friends

B. Where monosyllabic adjectives modify nouns or noun phrases:

好()哥哥 Hǎo () gēgē good older brother

好( )车 Hǎo ( ) chē good cars

There are some other cases，which we’ll discuss in the lessons to come.

3. The classificatory verb 是:

The verb 是 acts as a link between the subject and a description of it-usually a way of identifying it.

For instance:

他是大夫。 Tā shì dàifū. He is a doctor.

To negate 是 use 不:

她不是我妈妈。 Tā bùshì wǒ māmā. She is not my mom.

To form a simple question，you just add interrogative particle 吗 ma at the end of a statement:

这是你的车吗？ Zhè shì nǐ de chē ma? Is this your car?

Pronunciation notes:

Rules for the change of tones for 不:

不 “bù” is pronounced with the 4th tone “bù”，when it is followed by 1st，2nd and 3rd tones. For example:

bù hǎo

bù máng

bù gān (not dry)

When 不 “bù” is followed by a 4th tone，it changes into 2nd tone. For example:

Bú shì

bú duì (not corret)

bú chàng (not sing)

Note that when “bù” changes its tone，the tone mark should reflect the change.

Speech patterns

1 The structural particle 的:

我爸爸的车很好。

那是你朋友吗？不是。她是我弟弟的朋友。

好大夫很忙。不忙的大夫不好。

那是好书。这不是。这是你的书吗？

我妈妈的车很好。你妈妈是大夫。大夫的车都是好车。

wǒ bàba de chē hěn hǎo.

nà shì nǐ péngyǒu ma? Bùshì. Tā shì wǒ dìdì de péngyǒu.

hào dàfū hěn máng. Bù máng de dàfū bù hǎo.

nà shì hǎo shū. Zhè bùshì. Zhè shì nǐ de shū ma?

wǒ māmā de chē hěn hǎo. Nǐ māmā shì dàfū. Dàfū de chē dōu shì hǎo chē.

My dad’s car is good.

Is that your friend？No. She is my younger brother’s friend.

Good Doctors are busy. The not-busy doctors (the doctors who are not busy) are not good.

That is a good book. This is not. Is this your book?

My mom’s car is good. Your mom is a doctor. The cars of doctors are all good.

2 Sentences with classificatory verb:

他哥哥是你朋友吗？是。他哥哥是我朋友。

那不是你的车吗？不是。那是我爸爸的车。

这是你弟弟的书吗？这不是他的书，是我的书。

他是大夫吗？他是大夫，也是我爸爸。

那是你朋友的哥哥吗？是。我朋友的哥哥很忙。他是大夫。

tā gēgē shì nǐ péngyǒu ma? Shì. Tā gēgē shì wǒ péngyǒu.

nà bùshì nǐ de chē ma? Bùshì. Nà shì wǒ bàba de chē.

zhè shì nǐ dìdì de shū ma? Zhè bùshì tā de shū, shì wǒ de shū.

tā shì dàfū ma? Tā shì dàfū, yěshì wǒ bàba.

nà shì nǐ péngyǒu dí gēgē ma? Shì. Wǒ péngyǒu dí gēgē hěn máng. Tā shì dàfū.

Is his older brother your friend？Yes. His older brother is my friend.

Isn’t that your car？No. That’s my dad’s car.

Is this your younger brother’s book？This is not his book. (This) is my book.

Is he a doctor？He is a doctor，and (he) is also my dad.

Is that your friend’s older brother？Yes. My friend’s older brother is busy. He is a doctor.

Lesson 37

Dialogue

English

This qípáo is not the same as that one.

Rénměi: Xiǎofāng, I would like to buy a qípāo

Xiǎofāng: Your figure is the same as Chinese womens’ figure; it is very suitable for wearing qípāo.

Rénměi: Thank you, you’re figure is better than mine.

Xiǎofāng: There have been many alterations to the qípāo, the style is not only more traditional than most, but also more appropriate to present day atheistic ideals.

Rénměi: Can you go with me to the store?

Xiǎofāng: Ok, than we should go now.

(In the general convenience store)

Rénměi: Miss, I would like to see some qípāo.

Fùwùyuán (Clerk): We have many styles of qípāo here. Which one do you want?

Rénměi: You truly have a lot of qípāo here, more than the other store I went to.

Xiǎofāng, what do you think of the red one you are looking at?

Xiǎofāng: It looks very good, try it on.

Rénměi: It is a tad big.

Fùwùyuán: Try this one. It has the same color and style as that one in your hand, only it’s one size smaller.

Rénměi: This one is just right.

Xiǎofāng: Rénměi, look at that qípāo, the color and style suit you, that one is definitely better looking than this one.

Fùwùyuán: Is the one you were talking about this one with little blue flowers? Its style with the red one is different. Look, its collar is a little bit lower and its sleeves are shorter.

Rénměi: This size is just right for me to wear. Do yours look good?

Xiǎofāng: They look very pretty.

Fùwùyuán: This one you wear is extraordinarily pretty.

Rénměi: Thanks, I want to buy this one. May I ask how much it costs?

Fùwúyuán: 280 yuán, please go to the opposite counter to pay.

Rénměi: Thank you.

**Qípāo: Originated in the Qīng Dynasty, has already been popular for more than sixty years. It has gone past continuous improvements. Its style is graceful and comfortable. It is China’s unique traditional women’s clothing.

Simplified

这件旗袍跟那件不太一样

人美： 晓芳，我想买一件旗袍*。

晓芳： 你身材跟中国女性的身材一样，很适合穿旗袍。

人美： 谢谢，你的身材比我好。

晓芳： 现在有很多改良後的旗袍，式样不但比传统的旗袍多得多，而且更加适合现代人的审美观点。

人美： 你能跟我一起去商店吗？

晓芳： 好，那我们现在就去吧。

(在百货商店里)

人美： 小姐，我想看看旗袍。

服务员：我们这里有很多式样的旗袍，您喜欢哪一件呢？

人美： 你们这里的确有很多旗袍，比我去的其他商店都多。晓芳，你看这件红色的 怎麽样？

晓芳： 看上去不错，你试一试。

人美： 有一点儿肥。

服务员：您试试这件，颜色和式样跟您手上的那样，只是比它小一号。

人美： 这件很合适。

晓芳： 人美，你看那件旗袍，颜色﹑式样都很适合你，穿上一定比这件好看。

服务员：您说的是那件蓝色小花的吧？ 它的式样跟这件红色的不太一样。您看， 它的领子稍微低了一点点，袖子短了一些。 这位小姐， 您可以试试看。

人美： 我穿这个号码正好。 你们看好吗？

晓芳： 很漂亮。

服务员：你穿这件非常美。

人美： 谢谢，我想买这件。 请问，多少钱？

服务员：二百八十元，请您到对面柜檯交钱。

人美： 谢谢。

* 旗袍：起源於清朝，已经流行了60多年。 经过不断改革， 式样优美而大方， 是中国独特的民族传统女装。

Traditional

這件旗袍跟那件不太一樣

人美﹕ 曉芳﹐我想買一件旗袍*。

曉芳﹕ 你身材跟中國女性的身材一樣﹐很適合穿旗袍。

人美﹕ 謝謝﹐你的身材比我好。

曉芳﹕ 現在有很多改良後的旗袍﹐式樣不但比傳統的旗袍多得多﹐而且更加適合現代人的審美觀點。

人美﹕ 你能跟我一起去商店嗎﹖

曉芳﹕ 好﹐那我們現在就去吧。

(在百貨商店裡)

人美﹕ 小姐﹐我想看看旗袍。

服務員﹕我們這裡有很多式樣的旗袍﹐您喜歡哪一件呢﹖

人美﹕ 你們這裡的確有很多旗袍﹐比我去的其他商店都多。曉芳﹐你看這件紅色的怎麼樣﹖

曉芳﹕ 看上去不錯﹐你試一試。

人美﹕ 有一點兒肥。

服務員﹕您試試這件﹐顏色和式樣跟您手上的那樣﹐只是比它小一號。

人美﹕ 這件很合適。

曉芳﹕ 人美﹐你看那件旗袍﹐顏色﹑式樣都很適合你﹐穿上一定比這件好看。

服務員﹕您說的是那件藍色小花的吧﹖ 它的式樣跟這件紅色的不太一樣。您看﹐ 它的領子稍微低了一點點﹐袖子短了一些。 這位小姐﹐ 您可以試試看。

人美﹕ 我穿這個號碼正好。 你們看好嗎﹖

曉芳﹕ 很漂亮。

服務員﹕你穿這件非常美。

人美﹕ 謝謝﹐我想買這件。 請問﹐多少錢﹖

服務員﹕二百八十元﹐請您到對面櫃檯交錢。

人美﹕ 謝謝。

*旗袍﹕起源於清朝﹐已經流行了60多年。 經過不斷改革﹐ 式樣優美而大方﹐是中國獨特的民族傳統女裝。

Pinyin

Zhè jiàn qípáo gēn nà jiàn bù tài yīyàng

rén měi: Xiǎo fāng, wǒ xiǎng mǎi yī jiàn qípáo*.

Xiǎo fāng: Nǐ shēncái gēn zhōngguó nǚxìng de shēncái yīyàng, hěn shìhé chuān qípáo.

Rén měi: Xièxiè, nǐ de shēncái bǐ wǒ hǎo.

Xiǎo fāng: Xiànzài yǒu hěnduō gǎiliáng hòu de qípáo, shìyàng bùdàn bǐ chuántǒng de qípáo duō dé duō, érqiě gèngjiā shìhé Xiàndài rén de shěnměi guāndiǎn.

Rén měi: Nǐ néng gēn wǒ yīqǐ qù shāngdiàn ma?

Xiǎo fāng: Hǎo, nà wǒmen xiànzài jiù qù ba.

(Zài bǎihuò shāngdiàn lǐ)

rén měi: Xiǎojiě, wǒ xiǎng kàn kàn qípáo.

Fúwùyuán: Wǒmen zhè li yǒu hěnduō shìyàng de qípáo, nín xǐhuān nǎ yī jiàn ne?

Rén měi: Nǐmen zhèlǐ díquè yǒu hěnduō qípáo, bǐ wǒ qù de qítā shāngdiàn dōu duō. Xiǎo fāng, nǐ kàn zhè jiàn hóngsè de zěnmó yàng?

Xiǎo fāng: Kàn shàngqù bùcuò, nǐ shì yī shì.

Rén měi: Yǒu yīdiǎn er féi.

Fúwùyuán: Nín shì shì zhè jiàn, yánsè héshìyàng gēn nín shǒu shàng dì nàyàng, zhǐshì bǐ tā xiǎo yī hào.

Rén měi: Zhè jiàn hěn hé shì.

Xiǎo fāng: Rén měi, nǐ kàn nà jiàn qípáo, yánsè﹑shìyàng dōu hěn shìhé nǐ, chuān shàng yīdìng bǐ zhè jiàn hǎokàn.

Fúwùyuán: Nín shuō de shì nà jiàn lán sè xiǎohuā de ba? Tā de shìyàng gēn zhè jiàn hóngsè de bù tài yīyàng. Nín kàn, tā de lǐngzi shāowéi dīle yī diǎndiǎn, xiùzi duǎnle yīxiē. Zhè wèi xiǎojiě, nín kěyǐ shì shìkàn.

Rén měi: Wǒ chuān zhège hàomǎ zhènghǎo. Nǐmen kànhǎo ma?

Xiǎo fāng: Hěn piàoliang.

Fúwùyuán: Nǐ chuān zhè jiàn fēicháng měi.

Rén měi: Xièxiè, wǒ xiǎng mǎi zhè jiàn. Qǐngwèn, duōshǎo qián?

Fúwùyuán: Èrbǎi bāshí yuán, qǐng nín dào duìmiàn guì tái jiāo qián.

Rén měi: Xièxiè.

* Qípáo: Qǐyuán yú qīngcháo, yǐjīng liúxíngle 60 duōnián. Jīngguò bu duàn gǎigé, shìyàng yōuměi ér dàfāng, shì zhōngguó dútè de mínzú chuántǒng nǚzhuāng.

Text

English

I want to order the same qípáo

On a Friday evening, Rénměi went to see a movie with Xuéyǒu, wearing her newly bought qípáo. At the entrance of the movie theatre, they happened to meet Xiǎo fāng and Guóhuá. Xuéyǒu and Rénměi greeted them with a smile: "What a coincidence, you also come to see 'With passion we love'?" Xiǎo fāng was also wearing a beautiful qípáo. Her qípáo was not really the same as Rénměi's. It was made of dark red silk velvet, with a beautiful peony embroidered in the front. Rénměi felt that Xiǎo fāng's qípáo was not only much better than hers in (the quality of) fabric, but also much more elegant than hers in style. Therefore, she asked Xiǎo fāng, "where did you buy the qípáo?" Xiǎo fāng said, "I did not buy it. (It) was made to order at a tailor's place whom I know." Rénměi liked Xiǎo fāng's qípáo very much. She said to Xiǎo fāng, "Xiǎo fāng, I want to have made the same qípáo as yours. Could you take me to the tailor you know?" Xiǎo fāng said: "No problem. I also would like to have a new qípáo made. However, before we go to have our qípáo made, we'd better go to the store together to choose the fabric that we like. When do you have time?" Rénměi said happily: "Tomorrow is Saturday. I have time tomorrow." Xiǎo fāng said: "That's great. Let's go to Wángfǔjǐng tomorrow to go shopping. Would you two gentlemen like to join us? " Xuéyǒu said: "An old saying goes, a women's wardrobe is always short of one dress. It is really true. After we came to Běijīng, Rénměi went to a lot more department stores than me. I dread most go shopping. Guóhuá, what about you?" Guóhuá said:"I am the same as you. Everytime I accompanied Xiǎo fāng go shopping, I would have headache." Xiǎo fāng said to Guóhuá and Xuéyǒu: "Let's do it this way. Tomorrow we go to Wángfǔjǐng together. Rénměi and I will go shopping. You two go to the bookstores. At noon let's meet at the Quánjùdé Běijīng Duck Restaurant. How about this?" Rénměi, Xuéyǒu and Guóhuá listened to Xiǎo fāng, and (they )all felt this idea was great.

* "With Passion We Love" is a Xiānggǎng movie. It won the award from the 2001 Ghana Film Festival in France. The main actress in the movie wore very beautiful qípáo.

Simplified

我要做一件跟晓芳一样的旗袍

星期五晚上， 人美穿着新买的旗袍和学友一起去看电影。 在电影院的门口， 正好碰见了晓芳和国华。 学友和人美笑着跟他们打招呼：“真巧，你们也来看《花样年华》？” 晓芳也穿了一件漂亮的旗袍。 她的旗袍跟人美的不太一样，是暗红色的丝绒作的， 胸前绣着一朵漂亮的牡丹花。人美觉得晓芳的旗袍不但料子比 她的好多了， 而且式样比她的高雅得多，於是她问晓芳：“你的旗袍是在哪儿买的？” 晓芳说：“不 是买的。是去年在一个认识的裁缝那儿做的。 ” 人美很喜欢晓芳的旗袍。她对晓芳说：“晓芳，我要 做一件跟你一样的旗袍。 你可以带我去你认识的裁缝那儿吗？” 晓芳说：“没问题。我也想做一件新 旗袍。不过， 去做旗袍以前， 我们最好能一起去商店选自己喜欢的料子。 你什麽时候有空？”人美 高兴地说：“明天是星期六。 我明天就有空。”晓芳说：“那好， 明天我们就去王府井逛逛。 你们 两位男士想参加吗？”学友说：“俗话说， 女人的衣柜里总是少一件衣服。真是太对了。我们来北京 以後， 人美比我多去了很多百货商店。我最怕逛商店。国华，你呢？” 国华说：“我跟你一样。 每 次陪晓芳逛商店， 我都会头痛。 ”晓芳对国华和学友说：“这样吧。明天我们一起去王府井。 我和 人美去逛商店。 你们去逛书店。 中午大家在全聚德烤鸭店见面， 一起吃烤鸭， 怎麽样？”人美， 学友和国华听了， 都觉得这个主意很好。

* 《花样年华》是香港电影。 曾经得到2001年法国嘎纳电影节大奖。 电影中的女主人公穿的旗袍非常漂亮。

Traditional

我要做一件跟曉芳一樣的旗袍

星期五晚上﹐ 人美穿著新買的旗袍和學友一起去看電影。 在電影院的門口﹐ 正好碰見了曉芳和國華。 學友和人美笑著跟他們打招呼﹕“真巧﹐你們也來看《花樣年華》﹖” 曉芳也穿了一件漂亮的旗袍。 她的旗袍跟人美的不太一樣﹐是暗紅色的絲絨作的﹐ 胸前繡著一朵漂亮的牡丹花。人美覺得曉芳的旗袍不但料子比 她的好多了﹐ 而且式樣比她的高雅得多﹐於是她問曉芳﹕“你的旗袍是在哪兒買的﹖” 曉芳說﹕“不 是買的。是去年在一個認識的裁縫那兒做的。 ” 人美很喜歡曉芳的旗袍。她對曉芳說﹕“曉芳﹐我要 做一件跟你一樣的旗袍。 你可以帶我去你認識的裁縫那兒嗎﹖” 曉芳說﹕“沒問題。我也想做一件新 旗袍。不過﹐ 去做旗袍以前﹐ 我們最好能一起去商店選自己喜歡的料子。 你什麼時候有空﹖”人美 高興地說﹕“明天是星期六。 我明天就有空。”曉芳說﹕“那好﹐ 明天我們就去王府井逛逛。 你們 兩位男士想參加嗎﹖”學友說﹕“俗話說﹐ 女人的衣櫃裡總是少一件衣服。真是太對了。我們來北京 以後﹐ 人美比我多去了很多百貨商店。我最怕逛商店。國華﹐你呢﹖” 國華說﹕“我跟你一樣。 每 次陪曉芳逛商店﹐ 我都會頭痛。 ”曉芳對國華和學友說﹕“這樣吧。明天我們一起去王府井。 我和 人美去逛商店。 你們去逛書店。 中午大家在全聚德烤鴨店見面﹐ 一起吃烤鴨﹐ 怎麼樣﹖”人美﹐ 學友和國華聽了﹐ 都覺得這個主意很好。

* 《花樣年華》是香港電影。 曾經得到2001年法國嘎納電影節大獎。 電影中的女主人公穿的旗袍非常漂亮。

Pinyin

Wǒ yào zuò yī jiàn gēn xiǎo fāng yīyàng de qípáo

Xīngqíwǔ wǎnshàng, rén měi chuānzhuó xīn mǎi de qípáo hé xuéyǒu yīqǐ qù kàn diànyǐng. Zài diànyǐngyuàn de ménkǒu, zhènghǎo pèngjiànle xiǎo fānghé guó huá. Xuéyǒu hé rén měi xiàozhe gēn tāmen dǎzhāohū:“Zhēn qiǎo, nǐmen yě lái kàn “huāyàng niánhuá”?” Xiǎo fāng yě chuānle yī jiàn piàoliang de qípáo. Tā de qípáo gēn rén měide bù tài yīyàng, shì àn hóngsè de sīróng zuò de, xiōng qián xiùzhe yī duǒ piàoliang de mǔdān huā. Rén měi juédé xiǎo fāng de qípáo bùdàn liàozi bǐ tā de hǎoduōle, érqiě shìyàng bǐ tā de gāoyǎ dé duō, yúshì tā wèn xiǎo fāng:“Nǐ de qípáo shì zài nǎ'er mǎi de?” Xiǎo fāng shuō:“Bùshì mǎi de. Shì qùnián zài yīgè rènshì de cáiféng nà'er zuò de. ” Rén měi hěn xǐhuān xiǎo fāng de qípáo. Tā duì xiǎo fāng shuō:“Xiǎo fāng, wǒ yào zuò yī jiàn gēn nǐ yīyàng de qípáo. Nǐ kěyǐ dài wǒ qù nǐ rènshì de cáiféng nà'er ma?” Xiǎo fāng shuō:“Méi wèntí. Wǒ yě xiǎng zuò yī jiàn xīn qípáo. Bùguò, qù zuò qípáo yǐqián, wǒmen zuì hǎo néng yīqǐ qù shāngdiàn xuǎn zìjǐ xǐhuān de liàozi. Nǐ shénmó shíhòu yǒu kòng?” Rén měi gāoxìng de shuō:“Míngtiān shì xīngqíliù. Wǒ míngtiān jiù yǒu kòng.” Xiǎo fāng shuō:“Nà hǎo, míngtiān wǒmen jiù qù wángfǔ jǐng guàng guàng. Nǐmen liǎng wèi nánshì xiǎng cānjiā ma?” Xuéyǒu shuō:“Súhuà shuō, nǚrén de yīguì lǐ zǒng shì shǎo yī jiàn yīfú. Zhēnshi tài duìle. Wǒmen lái běijīng yǐhòu, rén měi bǐ wǒ duō qùle hěnduō bǎihuò shāngdiàn. Wǒ zuì pà guàng shāngdiàn. Guó huá, nǐ ne?” Guó huá shuō:“Wǒ gēn nǐ yīyàng. Měi cì péi xiǎo fāng guàng shāngdiàn, wǒ dūhuì tóutòng. ” Xiǎo fāng duì guó huá hé xuéyǒu shuō:“Zhèyàng ba. Míngtiān wǒmen yīqǐ qù wángfǔ jǐng. Wǒ hé rén měi qù guàng shāngdiàn. Nǐmen qù guàng shūdiàn. Zhōngwǔ dàjiā zài quánjùdé kǎoyā diàn jiànmiàn, yīqǐ chī kǎoyā, zěnmó yàng?” Rén měi, xuéyǒu hé guó huá tīngle, dōu juédé zhège zhǔyì hěn hǎo.

* “Huāyàng niánhuá” shì xiānggǎng diànyǐng. Céngjīng dédào 2001 nián fàguó gā nà diànyǐng jié dàjiǎng. Diànyǐng zhōng de nǚ zhǔréngōng chuān de qípáo fēicháng piàoliang.

Lesson 38

Dialogue

English

I learned how to take the Běijīng buses

(Rénměi and Xuéyòu want to go to Wángfǔjǐng with Xiǎofāng and Guóhuā together to go window shopping. After they window shop they will all get together and go to Hépīng gate’s Dékǎoyā store to eat Běijīng Duck.)

Xuéyǒu: Rénměi, yesterday when you called Xiǎofāng, did you ask how to get to Wángfǔjǐng?

Rénměi: I clearly asked her. Xiǎofāng said, “Take the 332 bus to get to the zoo, after take the 103 trolley to Wángfǔjǐng. You can also take a taxi straight there to Dàyuēfù Sānshí, it costs approximately 30 RMB.

Xuéyǒu: Did you say we will take a taxi or a bus?

Rénměi: We shall take the bus. We came to Běijīng to study Chinese, and we should learn the Běijīng buses. Besides, taking the bus although it costs time is cheaper than taking a taxi.

Xuéyǒu: You are right. We should go to the 332 bus stop now.

Rénměi and Xuéyòu quickly arrive at the bus stop.

Xuéyǒu: Rénměi, I saw the 332 bus stop, just across the street.

Rénměi: Exactly, look over there, a 332 bus just left, we still need to wait a few minutes.

Xuéyǒu: Wait a bit; doesn’t this side of the street also have a 332 bus?

Rénměi: That is correct. Yesterday Xiǎofāng was telling me on the phone that, by all means, not to take the wrong path. Definitely need to look clearly at the bus stop signs, need to take the bus that goes to the zoo.

Xuéyǒu: Let me see the sign on this side of the street. Look at this; this is the direction which goes to the zoo.

(The 332 bus came.)

Shòupiàoyuán: The 322 bus, it goes towards the zoo, buy a ticket to get on, show the monthly ticket.

Xuéyǒu: Rénměi, I’ll buy the tickets. Miss, I’d like to buy two tickets to go to the zoo. While I have the chance to ask, we want to go to Wángfǔjǐng, can we switch to the 103 trolley when arriving at the zoo?

Shòupiàoyuán: Of course. This is your ticket and change.

(The 332 bus arrived at the zoo.)

Shòupiàoyuán: We have arrived at the zoo stop, all the passengers who are getting off please prepare all your things.

(Xuéyòu and Xiǎofāng easily found the 103 trolley stop and got on the 103 trolley. The trolley moved very slowly. When they arrived at Wángfǔjǐng it was already past 10. After five minutes at the entrance of the Wángfǔjǐng bookstore, Xiǎofāng and Guóhuā were waiting for Rénměi and Xuéyòu.)

Rénměi: Guóhuā and Xiǎofāng, We’re truly sorry for coming late. Today we learned the Běijīng buses, but did not think that the 103 trolley moved so slowly.

Xiǎofāng: It’s alright. We also just got here not to long ago. Rénměi last week my mom was at Wángfǔjǐng’s big store and found silk material. The quantity was good as the price was not expensive. She said that that type of material is appropriate to make qípāo.

Rénměi: Excellent! Let’s go check it out now.

Guóhuā: I’ll give you two hours. Right now its ten thirty. At eleven thirty we shall meet here. Then we go to the front gate together and take the subway to Hépīng to eat roast duck.

Rénměi and Xiǎofāng: No problem, see you soon!

Simplified

我们学会了坐北京的公共汽车

(人美﹑学友今天要去王府井和晓芳﹑国华一起逛商店。 他们逛完商店会一起去和平门的全聚德烤鸭店吃有名的北京烤鸭。)

学友：人美， 昨天你给晓芳打电话的时候，问清楚了怎麽去王府井吗？

人美：问清楚了。 晓芳说， 可以坐332路汽车到动物园， 然後坐103路电车去王府井； 也可以直接坐出租车， 大约付30圆人民币。

学友：你说我们是坐公共汽车还是坐出租车？

人美：我们坐公共汽车吧。 我们来北京学习汉语， 也应该学会坐北京的公共汽车。 再说，坐公共汽车虽然多花一些时间， 可是比坐出租车便宜多了。

学友：你说得对。 咱们现在就去332路汽车站吧。

(人美和学友快到汽车站了。)

学友：人美， 我看见332路汽车站了， 就在街对面。

人美：可不是， 你瞧， 一辆332路车刚走， 咱们还得等几分钟。

学友：等一下儿， 怎麽街的这一边也有332路的车站？

人美：对了。 晓芳昨天在电话里告诉我， 千万别坐错了方向。 一定要看清楚汽车站的牌子， 要坐去动物园方向的汽车。

学友：我看看街这一边的牌子吧。你瞧， 这是去动物园的方向。

(332路汽车来了。)

售票员：332路， 开往动物园， 上车请买票， 月票请出示。

学友：人美， 我来买票。 小姐， 买两张去动物园的票。 顺便问一下儿， 我们 去王府井， 是不是到动物园换103路电车？

售票员：对。 这是您的票和找钱。

(332路汽车到了动物园站。)

售票员：动物园站到了，请下车的乘客带好自己的东西准备下车。

(学友和晓芳顺利地找到了103路电车站，上了103路电车。 电车开得很慢。 他们到王府井的时候，已经十点多了。) 

(五分钟後，在王府井书店门口， 晓芳和国华正在等人美和学友呢。)

人美：国华，晓芳，真对不起， 我们来晚了。 今天我们学会了坐北京的公共汽车。可是没想到103路电车开得很慢。

晓芳：没关系， 我们也刚到不久。人美， 上个星期我妈在王府井百货大楼看见了很好的丝绸料子， 质量又好，价格又不贵。她说那种料子很适合做旗袍。

人美：太好了。 我们现在就去看看吧。

国华：给你们两个小时。 现在是十点半， 十二点半我们还是在这儿见面。然後，我们一起去前门，坐地铁去和平门吃烤鸭。

人美﹑晓芳：没问题。一会儿见！

Traditional

我們學會了坐北京的公共汽車

(人美﹑學友今天要去王府井和曉芳﹑國華一起逛商店。 他們逛完商店會一起去和平門的全聚德烤鴨店吃有名的北京烤鴨。)

學友﹕人美﹐ 昨天你給曉芳打電話的時候﹐問清楚了怎麼去王府井嗎﹖

人美﹕問清楚了。 曉芳說﹐ 可以坐332路汽車到動物園﹐ 然後坐103路電車去王府井﹔ 也可以直接坐出租車﹐ 大約付30圓人民幣。 學友﹕你說我們是坐公共汽車還是坐出租車﹖ 人美﹕我們坐公共汽車吧。 我們來北京學習漢語﹐ 也應該學會坐北京的公共汽車。 再說﹐坐公共汽車雖然多花一些時間﹐ 可是比坐出租車便宜多了。

學友﹕你說得對。 咱們現在就去332路汽車站吧。

(人美和學友快到汽車站了。)

學友﹕人美﹐ 我看見332路汽車站了﹐ 就在街對面。

人美﹕可不是﹐ 你瞧﹐ 一輛332路車剛走﹐ 咱們還得等幾分鐘。

學友﹕等一下兒﹐ 怎麼街的這一邊也有332路的車站﹖

人美﹕對了。 曉芳昨天在電話裡告訴我﹐ 千萬別坐錯了方向。 一定要看清楚汽車站的牌子﹐ 要坐去動物園方向的汽車。

學友﹕我看看街這一邊的牌子吧。你瞧﹐ 這是去動物園的方向。

(332路汽車來了。)

售票員﹕332路﹐ 開往動物園﹐ 上車請買票﹐ 月票請出示。

學友﹕人美﹐ 我來買票。 小姐﹐ 買兩張去動物園的票。 順便問一下兒﹐ 我們去王府井﹐ 是不是到動物園換103路電車﹖

售票員﹕對。 這是您的票和找錢。

(332路汽車到了動物園站。)

售票員﹕動物園站到了﹐請下車的乘客帶好自己的東西準備下車。

(學友和曉芳順利地找到了103路電車站﹐上了103路電車。 電車開得很慢。 他們到王府井的時候﹐已經十點多了。)

(五分鐘後﹐在王府井書店門口﹐ 曉芳和國華正在等人美和學友呢。)

人美﹕國華﹐曉芳﹐真對不起﹐ 我們來晚了。 今天我們學會了坐北京的公共汽車。可是沒想到103路電車開得很慢。

曉芳﹕沒關係﹐ 我們也剛到不久。人美﹐ 上個星期我媽在王府井百貨大樓看見了很好的絲綢料子﹐ 質量又好﹐價格又不貴。她說那種料子很適合做旗袍。

人美﹕太好了。 我們現在就去看看吧。

國華﹕給你們兩個小時。 現在是十點半﹐ 十二點半我們還是在這兒見面。 然後﹐我們一起去前門﹐坐地鐵去和平門吃烤鴨。

人美﹑曉芳﹕沒問題。一會兒見﹗

Pinyin

Wǒmen xuéhuìle zuò běijīng de gōnggòng qìchē

(rén měi﹑xuéyǒu jīntiān yào qù wángfǔ jǐng hé xiǎo fāng﹑guó huá yīqǐ guàng shāngdiàn. Tāmen guàng wán shāngdiàn huì yīqǐ qù hépíng mén de quánjùdé kǎoyā diàn chī yǒumíng de běijīng kǎoyā.)

Xuéyǒu: Rén měi, zuótiān nǐ gěi xiǎo fāng dǎ diànhuà de shíhòu, wèn qīngchǔle zěnmó qù wángfǔ jǐng ma?

Rén měi: Wèn qīngchǔle. Xiǎo fāng shuō, kěyǐ zuò 332 lù qìchē dào dòngwùyuán, ránhòu zuò 103 lù diànchē qù wángfǔ jǐng; yě kěyǐ zhíjiē zuò chūzū chē, dàyuē fù 30 yuán rénmínbì.

Xuéyǒu: Nǐ shuō wǒmen shì zuò gōnggòng qìchē háishì zuò chūzū chē?

Rén měi: Wǒmen zuò gōnggòng qìchē ba. Wǒmen lái běijīng xuéxí hànyǔ, yě yīnggāi xuéhuì zuò běijīng de gōnggòng qìchē. Zàishuō, zuò gōnggòng qìchē suīrán duō huā yīxiē shíjiān, kěshì bǐ zuò chūzū chē piányí duōle.

Xuéyǒu: Nǐ shuō dé duì. Zánmen xiànzài jiù qù 332 lù qìchēzhàn ba.

(Rén měihé xuéyǒu kuài dào qìchē zhànle.)

Xuéyǒu: Rén měi, wǒ kànjiàn 332 lù qìchē zhànle, jiù zài jiē duìmiàn.

Rén měi: Kě bùshì, nǐ qiáo, yī liàng 332 lù chē gāng zǒu, zánmen hái dé děng jǐ fēnzhōng.

Xuéyǒu: Děng yīxià er, zěnmó jiē de zhè yībiān yěyǒu 332 lù de chē zhàn?

Rén měi: Duìle. Xiǎo fāng zuótiān zài diànhuà li gàosù wǒ, qiān wàn bié zuò cuòle fāngxiàng. Yīdìng yào kàn qīngchǔ qìchē zhàn de páizi, yào zuò qù dòngwùyuán fāngxiàng de qìchē.

Xuéyǒu: Wǒ kàn kàn jiē zhè yībiān de páizi ba. Nǐ qiáo, zhè shì qù dòngwùyuán de fāngxiàng.

(332 Lù qìchē láile.)

Shòupiàoyuán:332 Lù, kāi wǎng dòngwùyuán, shàng chē qǐng mǎi piào, yuèpiào qǐng chūshì.

Xuéyǒu: Rén měi, wǒ lái mǎi piào. Xiǎojiě, mǎi liǎng zhāng qù dòngwùyuán de piào. Shùnbiàn wèn yīxià er, wǒmen qù wángfǔ jǐng, shì bùshì dào dòngwùyuán huàn 103 lù diànchē?

Shòupiàoyuán: Duì. Zhè shì nín de piào hé zhǎoqián.

(332 Lù qìchē dàole dòngwùyuán zhàn.)

Shòupiàoyuán: Dòngwùyuán zhàn dàole, qǐng xià chē de chéngkè dàihǎo zìjǐ de dōngxī zhǔnbèi xià chē.

(Xuéyǒu hé xiǎo fāng shùnlì dì zhǎodàole 103 lù diànchē zhàn, shàngle 103 lù diànchē. Diànchē kāi dé hěn màn. Tāmen dào wángfǔ jǐng de shíhòu, yǐjīng shí diǎn duōle.)

(Wǔ fēnzhōng hòu, zài wángfǔ jǐng shūdiàn ménkǒu, xiǎo fānghé guó huá zhèngzài děng rén měihé xuéyǒu ne.)

Rén měi: Guó huá, xiǎo fāng, zhēn duìbùqǐ, wǒmen lái wǎnle. Jīntiān wǒmen xuéhuìle zuò běijīng de gōnggòng qìchē. Kěshì méi xiǎngdào 103 lù diànchē kāi dé hěn màn.

Xiǎo fāng: Méiguānxì, wǒmen yě gāng dào bùjiǔ. Rén měi, shàng gè xīngqí wǒ mā zài wángfǔ jǐng bǎihuò dàlóu kànjiànle hěn hǎo de sīchóu liàozi, zhìliàng yòu hǎo, jiàgé yòu bù guì. Tā shuō nà zhǒng liàozi hěn shìhé zuò qípáo.

Rén měi: Tài hǎole. Wǒmen xiànzài jiù qù kàn kàn ba.

Guó huá: Gěi nǐmen liǎng gè xiǎoshí. Xiànzài shì shí diǎn bàn, shí'èr diǎn bàn wǒmen háishì zài zhè'er jiànmiàn. Ránhòu, wǒmen yīqǐ qù qiánmén, zuò dìtiě qù hépíng mén chī kǎoyā.

Rén měi﹑xiǎo fāng: Méi wèntí. Yīhuǐ'er jiàn!

Text

English

First time taking the bus

Xuéyòu and Rénměi used this weekend learning how to take the Běijīng buses. Before this weekend they rode bicycles and took taxis. In terms of Běijīng travel means, the buses are the most commonly used. Many people take the buses to go to work, leave work, to go shopping, to run errands, or to travel around. Everybody takes the buses to get pretty much anywhere.

In the morning Xuéyòu and Rénměi set off from Běidà on the 332 bus, then they switched to the 103 trolley to go to Wángfǔjǐng to buy things. Xiǎofāng told them that in Běijīng the buses go in all directions, there are many connecting roads. The majority of buses connect in pairs. After arriving at the bus stop, you definitely need to look clearly at the bus stop signs and take a good look at where this bus route goes, by all means don’t take the wrong direction. After getting on the bus, you need to go to the ticket sales person and show the monthly ticket or tell the "ticketer" which bus stop they wanted. According to the distance apart, purchase the bus ticket. Xiǎofāng reminded them, they need to be careful to clearly listen to the "ticketer’s" announcement of the bus stop, if they don’t want to get off at the wrong stop. Sometimes the location is between two stops. If the destination from this stop is not close, or the next stop is close, you can ask the "ticketer." The bus is not as fast as a taxi, but its much cheaper. Many people like to take the buses.

Although this is Xuéyòu and Rénměi’s first time taking the bus, they still unexpectedly easily arrived at their destination, they were both very happy and extremely thankful to Xiǎofāng, because Xiǎofāng taught them how to take the buses.

Simplified

第一次坐公共汽车

学友和人美利用这个周末学坐北京的公共汽车。 在这以前，他们骑过自行车， 也坐过出租车。 在北京的交通工具中，公共汽车是最普通的交通工具之一。 很多人坐公共汽车上班下班﹑购物办事，或者旅游参观。人们坐公共汽车 几乎可以到达北京的任何地方。

学友和人美早上从北大出发，坐332路汽车，然後换103路电车去王府井买东西。 晓芳告诉他们， 在北京，公共汽车开往四面八方，路线很多。 大部份汽车路线 是双向的。 到公共汽车站以後，一定要看清楚车站的牌子， 看好这路汽车开往的 方向，千万别坐错了方向。上车以後，要向车上售票员出示月票或者告诉售票员 他们要下车的站名 ，根据距离购买车票。 晓芳提醒他们， 要注意听清楚售票员 报告的站名，不要下错了车站。有时候目的地在两个站之间，如果不确定是这站离 目的地近，还是下一站近，可以问一下儿售票员。公共汽车没有出租车快，可是 比出租车便宜多了。 很多人都喜欢坐公共汽车。 虽然这是学友和人美第一次坐公共汽车，可是他们非常顺利地到达了目的地， 俩人都非常高兴，也非常感谢晓芳，因为晓芳教会了他们怎样坐公共汽车。

Traditional

第一次坐公共汽車

學友和人美利用這個週末學坐北京的公共汽車。 在這以前﹐他們騎過自行車﹐ 也坐過出租車。 在北京的交通工具中﹐公共汽車是最普通的交通工具之一。 很多人坐公共汽車上班下班﹑購物辦事﹐或者旅遊參觀。人們坐公共汽車 幾乎可以到達北京的任何地方。

學友和人美早上從北大出發﹐坐332路汽車﹐然後換103路電車去王府井買東西。 曉芳告訴他們﹐ 在北京﹐公共汽車開往四面八方﹐路線很多。 大部份汽車路線 是雙向的。 到公共汽車站以後﹐一定要看清楚車站的牌子﹐ 看好這路汽車開往的 方向﹐千萬別坐錯了方向。上車以後﹐要向車上售票員出示月票或者告訴售票員 他們要下車的站名 ﹐根據距離購買車票。 曉芳提醒他們﹐ 要注意聽清楚售票員 報告的站名﹐不要下錯了車站。有時候目的地在兩個站之間﹐如果不確定是這站離 目的地近﹐還是下一站近﹐可以問一下兒售票員。公共汽車沒有出租車快﹐可是 比出租車便宜多了。 很多人都喜歡坐公共汽車。

雖然這是學友和人美第一次坐公共汽車﹐可是他們非常順利地到達了目的地﹐ 倆人都非常高興﹐也非常感謝曉芳﹐因為曉芳教會了他們怎樣坐公共汽車。

Pinyin

dì yī cì zuò gōnggòng qìchē

xuéyǒu hé rén měi lìyòng zhège zhōumò xué zuò běijīng de gōnggòng qìchē. Zài zhè yǐqián, tāmen qíguò zìxíngchē, yě zuòguò chūzū chē. Zài běijīng de jiāotōng gōngjù zhōng, gōnggòng qìchē shì zuì pǔtōng de jiāotōng gōngjù zhī yī. Hěnduō rén zuò gōnggòng qìchē shàngbān xiàbān﹑gòuwù bànshì, huòzhě lǚyóu cānguān. Rénmen zuò gōnggòng qìchē jīhū kěyǐ dàodá běijīng de rènhé dìfāng.

xuéyǒu hé rén měi zǎoshang cóng běidà chūfā, zuò 332 lù qìchē, ránhòu huàn 103 lù diànchē qù wángfǔ jǐng mǎi dōngxī. Xiǎo fāng gàosù tāmen, zài běijīng, gōnggòng qìchē kāi wǎng sìmiànbāfāng, lùxiàn hěnduō. Dà bù fèn qìchē lùxiàn shì shuāngxiàng de. Dào gōnggòng qìchēzhàn yǐhòu, yīdìng yào kàn qīngchǔ chēzhàn de páizi, kànhǎo zhè lù qìchē kāi wǎng de fāngxiàng, qiān wàn bié zuò cuòle fāngxiàng. Shàng chē yǐhòu, yào xiàng chē shàng shòupiàoyuán chūshì yuèpiào huòzhě gàosù shòupiàoyuán tāmen yào xià chē de zhàn míng, gēnjù jùlí gòumǎi chēpiào. Xiǎo fāng tíxǐng tāmen, yào zhùyì tīng qīngchǔ shòupiàoyuán bàogào de zhàn míng, bùyào xià cuòle chē zhàn. Yǒu shíhòu mùdì de zài liǎng gè zhàn zhī jiān, rúguǒ bù quèdìng shì zhè zhàn lí mùdì de jìn, háishì xià yí zhàn jìn, kěyǐ wèn yīxià er shòupiàoyuán. Gōnggòng qìchē méiyǒu chūzū chē kuài, kěshì bǐ chūzū chē piányí duōle. Hěnduō rén dōu xǐhuān zuò gōnggòng qìchē.

Suīrán zhè shì xuéyǒu hé rén měi dì yī cì zuò gōnggòng qìchē, kěshì tāmen fēicháng shùnlì dì dàodále mùdì de, liǎ rén dōu fēicháng gāoxìng, yě fēicháng gǎnxiè xiǎo fāng, yīnwèi xiǎo fāng jiàohuìle tāmen zěnyàng zuò gōnggòng qìchē.

Lesson 39

Dialogue

English

Visiting Teacher Wáng

(Xuéyòu and Rénměi arrive at Teacher Wáng's house as a guest. Being together with Teacher Wáng's family makes them feel very close.)

Rénměi: You are definitely Teacher Wáng's mother, I am called Rénměi, he is called Xuéyòu.

Teacher Wáng's mother: Come in, welcome. This is my father, this is my mother, and this is my son Kāikāi.

Kāikāi: Hello, Uncle and Aunt.

Xuéyòu: Hello Kāikāi. Have you studied English? Your dad often mentions you to us, therefore, we already know you!

Grandpa Wáng: Please sit down. This is your first time coming to China, moreover coming to a place very distant to America; you must not be accustomed to it, are you not?

Xuéyǒu: It's okay. When I just got here, I was not used to the diet. But, very quickly we grew fond of Chinese food. Sometimes Rénměi and I saw Chinese restaurants, we wanted to go and try the food.

( Everyone laughed.)

Kāikāi: Uncle and Aunt, today grandma says that she wants to make you many delicious foods. Once you eat it, then you will even more like it here.

Grandma Wáng: Today you especially came to see us, our whole family is very happy. You can sit here to converse, I will go to the kitchen and make food for you.

Rénměi and Xuéyǒu: Thank you Auntie.

Teacher Wáng's wife: From your Teacher Wáng's place, we learned about your situation. We know you are very interested in learning Chinese and Chinese culture. This time you especially came to China to study, and will definitely will acquire a good deal.

Xuéyǒu: After coming to China, besides going to class we still visit a few of Běijīng's famous parks such as Temple of Heaven, the North Sea, and the Imperial Palace. We hope to be able to gain more knowledge and to learn more about Chinese culture.

Teacher Wáng's wife: In Běijīng, there are definitely many places worth visiting, did you go the Summer Palace?

Rénměi: We still have not. We've heard that the Summer Palace is incredibly beautiful, having Kunming's Lakes, Longevity Hills Mountains and a marble boat called Stone Barge (Shífǎng).

Teacher Wáng's wife: That’s right. There the lakes are bright and the mountains are colorful, it is a beautiful park. It would be better if we go to the Summer Palace next Saturday, how about it?

Rénměi: Excellent! We really want to go too, we can serve as your guide. Awesome!!!

Kāikāi: Uncle and Aunt, come quick to eat, grandma already finished cooking.

Grandpa Wáng: Come, we'll eat and continue with the conversation. We still need to listen to your introduction of America.

Simplified

来到王老师家作客

(学友和人美来到王老师家作客。 和王老师的家人在一起，他们感到非常亲切...)

人美：您一定是王师母吧，我叫人美，他是学友。

王师母：请进，请进，欢迎你们。这是我爸爸，这是我妈妈，这是我的儿子 开开。

开开：Hello，叔叔，阿姨。 学友：开开，你好。你学会说英文啦。你爸爸常常跟我们提到你，所以，我们早就 知道你啦。

王大爷：请坐， 请坐。你们第一次来中国，而且来到一个离美国这麽遥远的地方， 一定很不习惯吧？

学友：还好，刚到的时候，饮食有点不习惯。 不过很快我们就喜欢吃中国菜 了。有时候我和人美一见到中国餐馆就想去尝一尝。

(大家都笑了)

开开：叔叔，阿姨，奶奶说今天要给你们做好多好吃的菜，让你们一吃就更喜欢 这里。

王大娘：今天你们特地来看我们，我们全家都很高兴，你们坐在这儿慢慢聊，我 去厨房给你们做饭。

人美﹑学友：谢谢大娘。

王师母：从你们的王老师那里了解到你们的情况，知道你们对学习中文和 中国文化都很感兴趣。 你们这次特地来到中国学习，一定会得到很大的 收获。

学友：来到中国以後，除了上课，我们还参观了一些北京有名的公园， 天坛﹑北海﹑故宫等。 我们希望能学到更多的知识，了解到更多的中国 文化。

王师母：在北京，的确有很多地方值得参观，你们去过颐和园了吗？

人美：还没有。听说，颐和园非常美， 有昆明湖﹑万寿山，还有一个大理石造的 船，叫石舫。

王师母：是的，那里湖光山色，是一个美丽的公园。 不如我们下星期六一起去 颐和园，怎麽样？

人美：好啊，我们正想去呢。 有你们作向导，太好啦。 开开：叔叔，阿姨，快来吃饭，奶奶已经做好了。

王大爷：来，我们一边吃一边继续聊，我还想听听你们介绍美国呢。

(......，学友和人美在王老师家渡过了愉快的一天。)

Traditional

來到王老師家作客

(學友和人美來到王老師家作客。 和王老師的家人在一起﹐他們感到非常親切...)

人美﹕您一定是王師母吧﹐我叫人美﹐他是學友。

王師母﹕請進﹐請進﹐歡迎你們。這是我爸爸﹐這是我媽媽﹐這是我的兒子 開開。

開開﹕Hello﹐叔叔﹐阿姨。

學友﹕開開﹐你好。你學會說英文啦。你爸爸常常跟我們提到你﹐所以﹐我們早就 知道你啦。

王大爺﹕請坐﹐ 請坐。你們第一次來中國﹐而且來到一個離美國這麼遙遠的地方﹐ 一定很不習慣吧﹖

學友﹕還好﹐剛到的時候﹐飲食有點不習慣。 不過很快我們就喜歡吃中國菜 了。有時候我和人美一見到中國餐館就想去嚐一嚐。

(大家都笑了)

開開﹕叔叔﹐阿姨﹐奶奶說今天要給你們做好多好吃的菜﹐讓你們一吃就更喜歡 這裡。

王大娘﹕今天你們特地來看我們﹐我們全家都很高興﹐你們坐在這兒慢慢聊﹐我 去廚房給你們做飯。

人美﹑學友﹕謝謝大娘。

王師母﹕從你們的王老師那裡了解到你們的情況﹐知道你們對學習中文和 中國文化都很感興趣。 你們這次特地來到中國學習﹐一定會得到很大的 收穫。

學友﹕來到中國以後﹐除了上課﹐我們還參觀了一些北京有名的公園﹐ 天壇﹑北海﹑故宮等。 我們希望能學到更多的知識﹐了解到更多的中國 文化。

王師母﹕在北京﹐的確有很多地方值得參觀﹐你們去過頤和園了嗎﹖

人美﹕還沒有。聽說﹐頤和園非常美﹐ 有昆明湖﹑萬壽山﹐還有一個大理石造的 船﹐叫石舫。

王師母﹕是的﹐那裡湖光山色﹐是一個美麗的公園。 不如我們下星期六一起去 頤和園﹐怎麼樣﹖

人美﹕好啊﹐我們正想去呢。 有你們作嚮導﹐太好啦。

開開﹕叔叔﹐阿姨﹐快來吃飯﹐奶奶已經做好了。

王大爺﹕來﹐我們一邊吃一邊繼續聊﹐我還想聽聽你們介紹美國呢。

(......﹐學友和人美在王老師家渡過了愉快的一天。)

Pinyin

Rén měi: Nín yīdìng shì wáng shīmǔ ba, wǒ jiào rén měi, tā shì xuéyǒu.

Wáng shīmǔ: Qǐng jìn, qǐng jìn, huānyíng nǐmen. Zhè shì wǒ bàba, zhè shì wǒ māmā, zhè shì wǒ de érzi kāi kāi.

Kāi kāi:Hello, shūshu, āyí.

Xuéyǒu: Kāi kāi, nǐ hǎo. Nǐ xuéhuì shuō yīngwén la. Nǐ bàba chángcháng gēn wǒmen tí dào nǐ, suǒyǐ, wǒmen zǎo jiù zhīdào nǐ la.

Wáng dàyé: Qǐng zuò, qǐng zuò. Nǐmen dì yī cì lái zhōngguó, érqiě lái dào yīgè lí měiguó zhè mó yáoyuǎn dì dìfāng, yīdìng hěn bù xíguàn ba?

Xuéyǒu: Hái hǎo, gāng dào de shíhòu, yǐnshí yǒudiǎn bù xíguàn. Bùguò hěn kuài wǒmen jiù xǐhuān chī zhōngguó cài le. Yǒu shíhòu wǒ hé rén měi yì jiàn dào zhōngguó cānguǎn jiù xiǎng qù cháng yī cháng.

(Dàjiā dōu xiàole)

kāi kāi: Shūshu, āyí, nǎinai shuō jīntiān yào gěi nǐmen zuò hǎoduō hào chī de cài, ràng nǐmen yī chī jiù gèng xǐhuān zhèlǐ.

Wáng dàniáng: Jīntiān nǐmen tèdì lái kàn wǒmen, wǒmen quánjiā dōu hěn gāoxìng, nǐmen zuò zài zhè'er màn man liáo, wǒ qù chúfáng gěi nǐmen zuò fàn.

Rén měi﹑xuéyǒu: Xièxiè dàniáng. Wáng shīmǔ: Cóng nǐmen de wáng lǎoshī nàlǐ liǎojiě dào nǐmen de qíngkuàng, zhīdào nǐmen duì xuéxí zhōngwén hé zhōngguó wénhuà dōu hěn gǎn xìngqù. Nǐmen zhè cì tèdì lái dào zhōngguó xuéxí, yīdìng huì dédào hěn dà de shōuhuò.

Xuéyǒu: Lái dào zhōngguó yǐhòu, chúle shàngkè, wǒmen hái cānguānle yīxiē běijīng yǒumíng de gōngyuán, tiāntán﹑běihǎi﹑gùgōng děng. Wǒmen xīwàng néng xué dào gèng duō de zhīshì, liǎojiě dào gèng duō de zhōngguó wénhuà.

Wáng shīmǔ: Zài běijīng, díquè yǒu hěnduō dìfāng zhídé cānguān, nǐmen qùguò yíhéyuánle ma?

Rén měi: Hái méiyǒu. Tīng shuō, yíhéyuán fēicháng měi, yǒu kūnmíng hú﹑wàn shòushān, hái yǒu yīgè dàlǐshí zào de chuán, jiào shí fǎng.

Wáng shīmǔ: Shì de, nàlǐ húguāngshānsè, shì yīgè měilì de gōngyuán. Bùrú wǒmen xià xīngqíliù yīqǐ qù yíhéyuán, zěnmó yàng?

Rén měi: Hǎo a, wǒmen zhèng xiǎng qù ne. Yǒu nǐmen zuò xiàngdǎo, tài hǎo la.

Kāi kāi: Shūshu, āyí, kuài lái chīfàn, nǎinai yǐjīng zuò hǎole.

Wáng dàyé: Lái, wǒmen yībiān chī yībiān jìxù liáo, wǒ hái xiǎng tīng tīng nǐmen jièshào měiguó ne.

(......, Xuéyǒu hé rén měi zài wáng lǎoshī jiā dùguòle yúkuài de yītiān.)

Text

English

Dear Beloved Teacher Wáng,

Hello! We have not been in Běijīng for too long and we have received your wife’s phone call inviting us to go to your home and eat. Yesterday we met your parents, wife Xijing and son Kāikāi in the end. Your parents heard that we were coming as guests, and thus came. Although this was our first time meeting your family, they were incredibly warm and friendly. Therefore, we did not feel a bit unfamiliar. Your parents and wife prepared a bountiful dinner. Your father also came especially to open aged Máotái alcohol and invited us to drink it.

Kāikāi is unusually cute. When she saw us she happily said, “Hello! Hello!” your wife told us, “Kāikāi studied a bit of English at school. He is very interested in English.” When it was time to eat, Kāikāi certainly wanted to sit beside Rénměi. Rénměi taught him to say a few simple English sentences. Kāikāi is very smart, when she learns, she remembers.

Your family members are all unusually understanding that you live in America to work and of your life situation. We introduced them to our college and also told them you live in the school’s vicinity; work and life are very convenient. They say, “This time you can meet us and you can find out about your situation in America, and put your mind at rest. Your family members are concerned our studies and lives in Běijīng. They ask whether or not studying is stressful or not, if we have become accustomed to life, and also ask us which places we go to have fun. They heard we still have yet to go to the Summer Palace, and then they arranged for us next Saturday to row boats at the Summer Palace.

We very happily had fun at your home, we talked until 10 PM then went back to school. It was good. Please write to us here. Please take care of yourself. When you have time please write a letter.

Expressing good wishes！

Safe and Sound,

Rénměi and Xuéyǒu October 5th

Simplified

亲爱的王老师，

您好！我们来到北京不久， 就接到了您太太的电话， 邀请我们去您家吃晚饭。昨天我们终于见到 了您的父母， 您的太太西静和您的儿子开开。 您的父母听说我们要来作客， 也特地来了。 虽然 这是我们第一次见到您的家人， 可是他们对我们非常热情和亲切， 所以我们一点儿也不觉得陌生。 您的父母和太太为我们准备了非常丰盛的晚餐。 您的爸爸还特地打开了陈年的茅臺酒， 请我们喝。

开开非常可爱。 他一看到我们， 就高兴地说：“Hello! Hello!”您的太太告诉我们： “开开在 学校学了一点儿英文。 他对英文很感兴趣。”吃饭的时候， 开开一定要坐在人美的旁边。人美教 他说几句简单的英文。开开很聪明， 一学就记住了。

您的家人都非常关心你在美国工作和生活的情况。 我们给他们介绍了我们的大学。 也告诉他们您 就住在学校附近， 工作和生活都很方便。 他们说： 这次能见到我们， 又能了解到您在美国的情况， 也就放心了。 您的家人也很关心我们在北京的学习和生活。 问我们学习紧张不紧张， 生活习惯不 习惯。 还问我们去了哪些地方玩儿。 他们听说我们还没有去过颐和园， 就约我们下个星期六去颐 和园划船。

我们在您家玩得很高兴， 谈到了十点钟才回学校。 好了。 就写到这儿。 请多保重！ 有空请来信。

祝

安好！

人美﹑学友

十月五日

Traditional

親愛的王老師﹐

您好﹗我們來到北京不久﹐ 就接到了您太太的電話﹐ 邀請我們去您家吃晚飯。昨天我們終于見到 了您的父母﹐ 您的太太西靜和您的兒子開開。 您的父母聽說我們要來作客﹐ 也特地來了。 雖然 這是我們第一次見到您的家人﹐ 可是他們對我們非常熱情和親切﹐ 所以我們一點兒也不覺得陌生。 您的父母和太太為我們準備了非常豐盛的晚餐。 您的爸爸還特地打開了陳年的茅臺酒﹐ 請我們喝。

開開非常可愛。 他一看到我們﹐ 就高興地說﹕“Hello! Hello!”您的太太告訴我們﹕ “開開在 學校學了一點兒英文。 他對英文很感興趣。”吃飯的時候﹐ 開開一定要坐在人美的旁邊。人美教 他說幾句簡單的英文。開開很聰明﹐ 一學就記住了。

您的家人都非常關心你在美國工作和生活的情況。 我們給他們介紹了我們的大學。 也告訴他們您 就住在學校附近﹐ 工作和生活都很方便。 他們說﹕ 這次能見到我們﹐ 又能了解到您在美國的情況﹐ 也就放心了。 您的家人也很關心我們在北京的學習和生活。 問我們學習緊張不緊張﹐ 生活習慣不 習慣。 還問我們去了哪些地方玩兒。 他們聽說我們還沒有去過頤和園﹐ 就約我們下個星期六去頤 和園划船。

我們在您家玩得很高興﹐ 談到了十點鐘才回學校。 好了。 就寫到這兒。 請多保重﹗ 有空請來信。

祝

安好﹗

人美﹑學友

十月五日

Pinyin

Lesson 40

Dialogue

Simplified

校园歌手大奖赛

(北京大学要举办校园歌手大奖赛。 学友想约国华一起报名参加。 学友看到海报 上写着， 报名截止日期是十月五日， 正好是今天。 他着急地给国华打电话。)

学友：喂， 国华吗？ 你看到校园歌手大奖赛的广告了吗？

国华：看到了。 我想报名参加。 你听说了吧， 报名的期限延长了一天。

学友：是吗？那太好了。 我也想参加。 你什麽时候有空？ 我们一起去学生会 报名。

国华：今天我比较忙。 明天上午怎麽样？

学友：好。 你想好唱什麽歌了吗？

国华：我最喜欢王洛宾的新疆民歌。 我想唱 达板城的姑娘。 你呢？

学友：我跟你一样，也非常喜欢王洛宾的新疆民歌。我想唱《在那遥远的地方》。 《在那遥远的地方》的歌词没有《达板城的姑娘》那麽难。

国华：人美告诉我， 你唱《在那遥远的地方》唱得好极了。

学友：哪里， 你的声音比我的更好， 更适合唱王洛宾的新疆民歌。

国华：对了， 人美怎麽不跟我们一起报名参加大奖赛呢？

学友：她正在准备参加留学生汉语辩论赛呢。 晓芳呢？

国华：她不太喜欢唱歌。 她说她喜欢听别人唱。

学友：离大奖赛只有一个月了， 我们一起准备吧。

国华：好。 我家有卡拉OK机， 也有这两首个的DVD唱盘。 这个周末我们可以一起 在我家准备准备。

学友：太好了。 我们应该让人美和晓芳做评委， 听听我们唱得怎麽样。

国华：对。 我今天就跟晓芳说这件事。 你也跟人美说一下儿。 请她一定要来 听听我们唱得怎麽样。

学友：没问题。 我们明天上午几点去报名呢？

国华：十点半在图书馆门口见面， 然後一起去学生会， 怎麽样？

学友：好。 明天我们不见不散。 再见！

国华：再见！

Traditional

(北京大學要舉辦校園歌手大獎賽。 學友想約國華一起報名參加。 學友看到海報 上寫著﹐ 報名截止日期是十月五日﹐ 正好是今天。 他著急地給國華打電話。)

學友﹕喂﹐ 國華嗎﹖ 你看到校園歌手大獎賽的廣告了嗎﹖

國華﹕看到了。 我想報名參加。 你聽說了吧﹐ 報名的期限延長了一天。

學友﹕是嗎﹖那太好了。 我也想參加。 你什麼時候有空﹖ 我們一起去學生會 報名。

國華﹕今天我比較忙。 明天上午怎麼樣﹖

學友﹕好。 你想好唱什麼歌了嗎﹖

國華﹕我最喜歡王洛賓的新疆民歌。 我想唱 達板城的姑娘。 你呢﹖

學友﹕我跟你一樣﹐也非常喜歡王洛賓的新疆民歌。我想唱《在那遙遠的地方》。 《在那遙遠的地方》的歌詞沒有《達板城的姑娘》那麼難。

國華﹕人美告訴我﹐ 你唱《在那遙遠的地方》唱得好極了。

學友﹕哪裡﹐ 你的聲音比我的更好﹐ 更適合唱王洛賓的新疆民歌。

國華﹕對了﹐ 人美怎麼不跟我們一起報名參加大獎賽呢﹖

學友﹕她正在準備參加留學生漢語辯論賽呢。 曉芳呢﹖

國華﹕她不太喜歡唱歌。 她說她喜歡聽別人唱。

學友﹕離大獎賽只有一個月了﹐ 我們一起準備吧。

國華﹕好。 我家有卡拉OK機﹐ 也有這兩首個的DVD唱盤。 這個週末我們可以一起 在我家準備準備。

學友﹕太好了。 我們應該讓人美和曉芳做評委﹐ 聽聽我們唱得怎麼樣。

國華﹕對。 我今天就跟曉芳說這件事。 你也跟人美說一下兒。 請她一定要來 聽聽我們唱得怎麼樣。

學友﹕沒問題。 我們明天上午幾點去報名呢﹖

國華﹕十點半在圖書館門口見面﹐ 然後一起去學生會﹐ 怎麼樣﹖

學友﹕好。 明天我們不見不散。 再見﹗

國華﹕再見﹗

Pinyin

xiàoyuán gēshǒu dàjiǎng sài

(běijīng dàxué yào jǔbàn xiàoyuán gēshǒu dàjiǎng sài. Xuéyǒu xiǎng yuē guó huá yīqǐ bàomíng cānjiā. Xuéyǒu kàn dào hǎibào shàng xiězhe, bàomíng jiézhǐ rìqí shì shí yuè wǔ rì, zhènghǎo shì jīntiān. Tā zhāojí de gěi guó huá dǎ diànhuà.)

Xuéyǒu: Wèi, guó huá ma? Nǐ kàn dào xiàoyuán gēshǒu dàjiǎng sài de guǎnggàole ma? Guó huá: Kàn dàole. Wǒ xiǎng bàomíng cānjiā. Nǐ tīng shuōle ba, bàomíng de qíxiàn yánchángle yītiān.

Xuéyǒu: Shì ma? Nà tài hǎole. Wǒ yě xiǎng cānjiā. Nǐ shénmó shíhòu yǒu kòng? Wǒmen yīqǐ qù xuéshēnghuì bàomíng.

Guó huá: Jīntiān wǒ bǐjiào máng. Míngtiān shàngwǔ zěnmó yàng?

Xuéyǒu: Hǎo. Nǐ xiǎng hǎo chàng shénmó gēle ma?

Guó huá: Wǒ zuì xǐhuān wángluòbīn de xīnjiāng míngē. Wǒ xiǎng chàng dá bǎn chéng de gūniáng. Nǐ ne?

Xuéyǒu: Wǒ gēn nǐ yīyàng, yě fēicháng xǐhuān wángluòbīn de xīnjiāng míngē. Wǒ xiǎng chàng “zài nà yáoyuǎn dì dìfāng”.

“Zài nà yáoyuǎn dì dìfāng” de gēcí méiyǒu “dá bǎn chéng de gūniáng” nàmó nán.

Guó huá: Rén měi gàosù wǒ, nǐ chàng “zài nà yáoyuǎn dì dìfāng” chàng dé hǎo jíle.

Xuéyǒu: Nǎlǐ, nǐ de shēngyīn bǐ wǒ de gèng hǎo, gèng shìhé chàng wángluòbīn de xīnjiāng míngē.

Guó huá: Duìle, rén měi zěnmó bù gēn wǒmen yīqǐ bàomíng cānjiā dàjiǎng sài ne?

Xuéyǒu: Tā zhèngzài zhǔnbèi cānjiā liúxuéshēng hànyǔ biànlùn sài ne. Xiǎo fāng ne?

Guó huá: Tā bù tài xǐhuān chànggē. Tā shuō tā xǐhuān tīng biérén chàng.

Xuéyǒu: Lí dàjiǎng sài zhǐyǒu yīgè yuèle, wǒmen yīqǐ zhǔnbèi ba.

Guó huá: Hǎo. Wǒjiā yǒu kǎlā OK jī, yěyǒu zhè liǎng shǒu gè de DVD chàngpán. Zhège zhōumò wǒmen kěyǐ yīqǐ zài wǒjiā zhǔnbèi zhǔnbèi.

Xuéyǒu: Tài hǎole. Wǒmen yīnggāi ràng rén měihé xiǎo fāng zuò píngwěi, tīng tīng wǒmen chàng dé zěnmó yàng.

Guó huá: Duì. Wǒ jīntiān jiù gēn xiǎo fāng shuō zhè jiàn shì. Nǐ yě gēn rén měi shuō yīxià er. Qǐng tā yīdìng yào lái tīng tīng wǒmen chàng dé zěnmó yàng.

Xuéyǒu: Méi wèntí. Wǒmen míngtiān shàngwǔ jǐ diǎn qù bàomíng ne?

Guó huá: Shí diǎn bàn zài túshū guǎn ménkǒu jiànmiàn, ránhòu yīqǐ qù xuéshēnghuì, zěnmó yàng?

Xuéyǒu: Hǎo. Míngtiān wǒmen bùjiàn bú sàn. Zàijiàn!

Guó huá: Zàijiàn!

Text

Simplified

歌手大奖赛终於开幕了

歌手大奖赛终於开幕了。 今年的大奖赛跟往年不太一样。首先是参加比赛的歌手 比往年多了很多；另外，评委都是特地请来的专业人员。 往年的评委大部份是 本校的老师或音乐爱好者。很多喜欢唱歌的同学，一听说今年的评委是专业人员， 就更踊跃地报名了。

比赛跟往年一样分成民族﹑美声和通俗三组。国华和学友参加民族组的比赛。报 名参加民族组的歌手虽然没有通俗组的人多，但是比去年多了一些。礼堂里坐满 了北大的同学和老师。 人美和晓芳坐在一起。 她们虽然没有参加这次比赛，但 是她们都是热情的观众。

比赛开始了。 歌手们都唱得很不错。 轮到国华了， 他唱了一首《达板城的姑娘》， 赢得了观众热烈的掌声。 学友也为国华热烈地鼓掌。学友有一点儿紧张，因为他 第一次参加比赛。 国华鼓励学友：别担心，你唱得比我好。

我们练习了很多遍，一定没有问题。轮到学友的时候，他走上舞台，看了看评委， 又看了看观众。 他看到了人美和晓芳，她们正微笑着看着自己呢。 学友的心情 放松了一些。 这时候， 《在那遥远的地方》的音乐响起， 学友的歌声给人们讲 述了一个遥远而神秘的爱情故事。 他一唱完，就得到观众热烈的掌声。 学友得 到了9.86的 好成绩。

比赛的结果是学友获得了第一名。 国华的成绩是9.72分，比学友少0.14分， 获得了第三名。 另一名历史系的同学的成绩是9.8分，获得了第二名。比赛结 束以後，国华﹑人美和晓芳都来祝贺学友。 大家决定为学友开一个晚会， 庆祝一下儿。

Traditional

歌手大獎賽終於開幕了

歌手大獎賽終於開幕了。 今年的大獎賽跟往年不太一樣。首先是參加比賽的歌手 比往年多了很多﹔另外﹐評委都是特地請來的專業人員。 往年的評委大部份是 本校的老師或音樂愛好者。很多喜歡唱歌的同學﹐一聽說今年的評委是專業人員﹐ 就更踴躍地報名了。

比賽跟往年一樣分成民族﹑美聲和通俗三組。國華和學友參加民族組的比賽。報 名參加民族組的歌手雖然沒有通俗組的人多﹐但是比去年多了一些。禮堂裡坐滿 了北大的同學和老師。 人美和曉芳坐在一起。 她們雖然沒有參加這次比賽﹐但 是她們都是熱情的觀眾。

比賽開始了。 歌手們都唱得很不錯。 輪到國華了﹐ 他唱了一首《達板城的姑娘》﹐ 贏得了觀眾熱烈的掌聲。 學友也為國華熱烈地鼓掌。學友有一點兒緊張﹐因為他 第一次參加比賽。 國華鼓勵學友﹕別擔心﹐你唱得比我好。

我們練習了很多遍﹐一定沒有問題。輪到學友的時候﹐他走上舞台﹐看了看評委﹐ 又看了看觀眾。 他看到了人美和曉芳﹐她們正微笑著看著自己呢。 學友的心情 放松了一些。 這時候﹐ 《在那遙遠的地方》的音樂響起﹐ 學友的歌聲給人們講 述了一個遙遠而神秘的愛情故事。 他一唱完﹐就得到觀眾熱烈的掌聲。 學友得 到了9.86的 好成績。

比賽的結果是學友獲得了第一名。 國華的成績是9.72分﹐比學友少0.14分﹐ 獲得了第三名。 另一名歷史系的同學的成績是9.8分﹐獲得了第二名。比賽結 束以後﹐國華﹑人美和曉芳都來祝賀學友。 大家決定為學友開一個晚會﹐ 慶祝一下兒。

Pinyin

gēshǒu dàjiǎng sài zhōng yú kāimùle

gēshǒu dàjiǎng sài zhōng yú kāimùle. Jīnnián de dàjiǎng sài gēn wǎngnián bù tài yīyàng. Shǒuxiān shi cānjiā bǐsài de gēshǒu bǐ wǎngnián duōle hěnduō; lìngwài, píngwěi dōu shì tèdì qǐng lái de zhuānyè rényuán. Wǎngnián de píngwěi dà bù fèn shì běnxiào de lǎoshī huò yīnyuè àihào zhě. Hěnduō xǐhuān chànggē de tóngxué, yī tīng shuō jīnnián de píngwěi shì zhuānyè rényuán, jiù gèng yǒngyuè dì bàomíngle.

Bǐsài gēn wǎngnián yīyàng fēnchéng mínzú﹑měishēng hé tōngsú sān zǔ. Guó huá hé xuéyǒu cānjiā mínzú zǔ de bǐsài. Bào míng cānjiā mínzú zǔ de gēshǒu suīrán méiyǒu tōngsú zǔ de rén duō, dànshì bǐ qùnián duōle yīxiē. Lǐtáng lǐ zuò mǎn le běidà de tóngxué hé lǎoshī. Rén měihé xiǎo fāng zuò zài yīqǐ. Tāmen suīrán méiyǒu cānjiā zhè cì bǐsài, dàn shì tāmen dōu shì rèqíng de guānzhòng.

Bǐsài kāishǐle. Gēshǒumen dōu chàng dé hěn bùcuò. Lún dào guó huále, tā chàngle yī shǒu “dá bǎn chéng de gūniáng”, yíngdéle guānzhòng rèliè de zhǎngshēng. Xuéyǒu yě wèi guó huá rèliè de gǔzhǎng. Xuéyǒu yǒu yīdiǎn er jǐnzhāng, yīnwèi tā dì yī cì cānjiā bǐsài. Guó huá gǔlì xuéyǒu: Bié dānxīn, nǐ chàng dé bǐ wǒ hǎo.

Wǒmen liànxíle hěnduō biàn, yīdìng méiyǒu wèntí. Lún dào xuéyǒu de shíhòu, tā zǒu shàng wǔtái, kànle kàn píngwěi, yòu kànle kàn guānzhòng. Tā kàn dàole rén měihé xiǎo fāng, tāmen zhèng wéixiàozhe kànzhe zìjǐ ne. Xuéyǒu de xīnqíng fàngsōngle yīxiē. Zhè shíhòu, “zài nà yáoyuǎn dì dìfāng” de yīnyuè xiǎngqǐ, xuéyǒu de gēshēng jǐ rénmen jiǎng shù le yīgè yáoyuǎn ér shénmì de àiqíng gùshì. Tā yī chàng wán, jiù dédào guānzhòng rèliè de zhǎngshēng. Xuéyǒu dé dào le 9.86 De hǎo chéngjī.

Bǐsài de jiéguǒ shì xuéyǒu huòdéle dì yī míng. Guó huá de chéngjī shì 9.72 Fēn, bǐ xuéyǒu shǎo 0.14 Fēn, huòdéle dì sān míng. Lìng yī míng lìshǐ xì de tóngxué de chéngjī shì 9.8 Fēn, huòdéle dì èr míng. Bǐsài jié shù yǐhòu, guó huá﹑rén měihé xiǎo fāng dōu lái zhùhè xuéyǒu. Dàjiā juédìng wéi xuéyǒu kāi yīgè wǎnhuì, qìngzhù yīxià er.