Where verb suffix –le 了 is not used

1. Habitual activities or repeated events
   
2. The first verb in a pivotal construction
   
3. The first in a series of verbal expressions
   
4. Verbs that take direct quotations
   
5. Verbs that take indirect quotations
   
6. Dispositional verbs and verbs that show a state of being
   
7. Verbs that show ability or possibility
   
8. Verbs that take verbal constructions as objects
   
9. The verb zài 在
   
10. The verb yǒu 有
    
11. A verb that follows the adverb cái 才 indicating lateness
    
12. A verb that is in the ‘shì 是... ...de 的 ' construction