Comparing "zhijian" and “zhongjian"
When describing spatial relationships, the words 之间 (zhījiān) and 中间 (zhōngjiān) will come in handy to express the concepts of "between" and "among." Both have a few particular uses, though.
Contents
- 1 Both as "Between... and..."
- 1.1 Structure
- 1.2 Examples
- 2 Usages of 中间
- 2.1 中间 as "In the Middle of"
- 2.1.1 Structure
- 2.1.2 Examples
- 2.2 中间 as "Among"
- 3 Usages of 之间
- 3.1 之间 as "Ranging from... to..."
- 3.1.1 Structure
- 3.1.2 Examples
- 3.2 之间 for Describing Relationships
- 4 See also
- 5 Sources and further reading
Both as "Between... and..."
之间 and 中间 can both refer to a space "in the middle" between two points, as long as we're talking about physical space.
Structure
A + 和 + B + 之间／中间
Examples
- 上海 在 江苏省 和 浙江省 之间 / 中间 。
Shànghǎi zài JiāngsūShěng hé ZhèjiāngShěng zhījiān / zhōngjiān.
Shanghai is between Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province.
- 我 家 客厅 和 卧室 中间 是 洗手间 。
Wǒ jiā kètīng hé wòshì zhōngjiān shì xǐshǒujiān.
Our bathroom is between the bedroom and the living room.
Grammatically, both 之间 and 中间 are nouns (location nouns, to be precise). One difference between the two, however, is that 中间 can be used all by itself, but 之间 is always used together with other words.
- 明天 早上 我 有 两 个 考试 ，之间 有 20 分钟 的 休息时间 。
Míngtiān zǎoshang wǒ yǒu liǎng gè kǎoshì, zhījiān yǒu èrshí fēnzhōng de xiūxi shíjiān.
- 明天 早上 我 有 两 个 考试 ，中间 有 20 分钟 的 休息时间 。
Míngtiān zǎoshang wǒ yǒu liǎng gè kǎoshì, zhōngjiān yǒu èrshí fēnzhōng de xiūxi shíjiān.
I have two exams tomorrow morning. There is a 20 minute break in between.
Usages of 中间
中间 as "In the Middle of"
中间 can be used for describing location within an object. This "within" could be "inside" a space, like inside a house, in the middle (center) of a table, or in the middle of the screen. You can't use 之间 in this way.
Structure
Place (+ 的) + 中间
Examples
- 客厅 的 中间 有 一 个 沙发 。
Kètīng de zhōngjiān yǒu yī gè shāfā.
There is a sofa in the middle of the living room.
- 我 的 座位 在 第 七 排 中间 。
Wǒ de zuòwèi zài dì-qī pái zhōngjiān.
My seat is in the middle of Row 7.
- 把 花 放 在 桌子 中间 。
Bǎ huā fàng zài zhuōzi zhōngjiān.
Put the flowers in the middle of the table.
Try not to say:
- 大厅 之间 有 很多 人 。
Dàtīng zhījiān yǒu hěn duō rén.
There are many people in the middle of the lobby.
中间 as "Among"
中间 is used when referring to one (or more) "among many."
A few examples:
- 你们 中间 有 会 唱歌 的 吗 ？
Nǐmenzhōngjiān yǒu huì chànggē de ma?
Can anyone among you sing?
- 这些 人 中间 我 只 认识 一 个 。
Zhèxiē rén zhōngjiān wǒ zhī rènshi yī gè.
Among these people, I only know one person.
Usages of 之间
之间 as "Ranging from... to..."
This usage refers to examples like "between 8am and 3pm" or "between 20 and 30".
Structure
A + 到 + B + 之间
Examples
- 你 可以 明早 八 点 到 十 点 之间 过来 。
Nǐ kěyǐ míngzǎo bā diǎn dào shí diǎn zhījiān guòlái.
You can come between 8am and 10am tomorrow.
- 45 岁 到 60 岁 之间 的 人 很 容易 得 这种病 。
Sìshí-wǔ suì dào liùshí suì zhījiān de rén hěn róngyì de zhèzhǒng bìng.
It's easy for people with ages ranging from 45-years-old to 60-years-old to get this disease.
之间 for Describing Relationships
The idea is that the relationship is "between two people," and the "between" is indicated by 之间. This usage of 之间 can also refer to relationships between two companies, two countries, etc., while mostly it's used between two persons. 中间 can't be used in this way.
A Few examples:
- 夫妻 之间 应该 多 交流 。
Fūqī zhījiān yīnggāi duō jiāoliú.
There should be plenty of communication between husband and wife.
- 你们 之间 到底 发生了 什么 事情 ？
Nǐmen zhījiān dàodǐ fāshēng le shénme shìqing?
What exactly happened between the two of you?
- 她 不 太 会 处理 上下 级 之间 的 关系 。
Tā bù tài huì chǔlǐ shàng-xià jí zhījiān de guānxi.
She doesn't really understand how to handle the relationships between superiors and subordinates.
See also
Sources and further reading
Books