Expressing "let alone" with "hekuang"
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Level B2
Similar to
Expressing "let alone" with "bie shuo" (B2)
Expressing "let alone" with "geng buyong shuo" (B2)
Used for
Expressing determination, Expressing attitude
Keywords
连, 何况
何况 (hékuàng) can mean "let alone" or "all the more." It can be used in the following structure:
Contents
1 何况 within a rhetorical question
1.1 Structure
1.2 Examples
2 何况 in a statement
2.1 Structure
2.2 Examples
3 See also
4 Sources and further reading
4.1 Books
何况 within a rhetorical question
Structure
Subj. + 连 ⋯⋯ 都 + Verb ,何况 ⋯⋯ 呢 ?
呢 often appears at the end of this structure, to form a rhetorical question. 更 or 又 can be added to 何况 to add further emphasis.
何况 can be used in two ways, the first of which where 何况 is used to emphasize that A is easier than B.
Examples
这 句 话 连 孩子 都 懂 ,何况 大人 呢?
Children can understand what this sentence means, let alone the adults.
他 连 那么 难 的 题 都 会,何况 一个 这么 简单 的 题 呢?
He can answer a question that hard, let alone answer one that easy.
In the above sentences, as A is so easy, then B must be even easier. However if one adds a 不 or 没 before the verb then the meaning is reversed: now A is so hard, B would almost be impossible.
Subj. + 连 ⋯⋯ 都 + 不 / 没 + Verb ,何况 ⋯⋯ 呢 ?
我 奶奶 连 高铁 都 没 坐 过 ,何况 飞机 呢 ?
My grandmother hasn't even taken the high-speed train, let alone the airplane.
宝宝 连 走 都 不 会,更 何况 跑 呢?
The baby can't even walk, let alone run.
我 连 他 叫 什么 都 不 知道 ,又 何况 他 的 电话 号码 呢?
I don't even know what his name is, let alone his phone number.
何况 doesn't necessarily have to be used with the 连⋯⋯ 都⋯⋯ structure, and can be used as a simple statement instead of a rhetorical question.
何况 in a statement
Structure
Subj. (+ 尚且) + 都 / 就 ⋯⋯ ,(更)何况 ⋯⋯
Examples
他 在家 就 不 爱 说话 ,何况 是 在 外面 ?
He don't talk much at home, let alone on public occasion.
这个 东西 两 个 男人 都 搬 不 动 ,何况 一 个 女人 ?
Two men can't move this this, let alone a single woman.
这个 地方 本来 就 不 好 找 ,更何况 你 是 第一 次 来 ?
This place has always been hard to find, especially on your first time.
大人 尚且 做 不 到 ,更何况 孩子 ?
Adults can't even do this, let alone children.
中国 人 尚且 不 了解 ,更何况 外国 人 ?
Chinese people don't even know much about it, let alone foreigners.
何况 is often used with 尚且, a formal way of saying 还. 更 can be added to 何况 to add further emphasis.
See also
"Let alone" with "bie shuo"
"Let Alone" with "geng buyong shuo"
Sources and further reading
Books
Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级) (pp. 278-9) [ →buy]
New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (新实用汉语课本3) (pp. 136) →buy
HSK Standard Course 5上 (pp. 108) →buy