Expressing permission with "kěyǐ" "可以"
可以 (kěyǐ) is an auxiliary verb primarily used for expressing permission. It's often translated as "can," but in order to not get it confused with other words, it's best to think of it as "may" to emphasize the permission aspect.
Contents
Basic Usage
Just put 可以 (kěyǐ) in directly before a verb to create a meaning of "may" (plus the verb). It's the same structure whether it's a statement or a question.
Structure
Subj. + 可以 + Verb + Obj.
Use this structure to express permission to do things.
Examples
- 我 可以 进来 吗？
Wǒ kěyǐ jìnlái ma?
May I come in?
- 二十 一 岁 以后 可以 喝酒。
Èrshí-yī suì yǐhòu kěyǐ hējiǔ.
After you are 21 years old, you may drink alcohol.
- 妈妈，我 可以 出去 玩 吗？
Māma, wǒ kěyǐ chūqù wán ma?
Mom, may I go out and play?
- 我们 可以 在 办公室 吃饭 吗？
Wǒmen kěyǐ zài bàngōngshì chīfàn ma?
Can we eat in the office?
- 我 可以 在 这里 停车 吗？
Wǒ kěyǐ zài zhèlǐ tíngchē ma?
Can I park here?
Negating 可以 (kěyǐ) Sentences
可以 (kěyǐ) sentences are negated with 不 (bù), which is inserted before 可以 (kěyǐ).
Structure
Subj. + 不 + 可以 + Verb + Obj.
Examples
- 孩子 不 可以 看 这 个。
Háizi bù kěyǐ kàn zhège.
Children can't watch this.
- 你 现在 不 可以 进去。
Nǐ xiànzài bù kěyǐ jìnqù.
You can't go in right now.
- 这里 不 可以抽烟。
Zhèlǐ bù kěyǐ chōuyān.
You can't smoke here.
- 我们 都 不 可以 去 。
Wǒmen dōu bù kěyǐ qù.
None of us may go.
- 你 不 可以 说 脏话。
Nǐ bù kěyǐ shuō zānghuà.
You can't say swear words.
See also
- Expressing ability or possibility with "néng"
- Comparing "huì" "néng" "kěyǐ"
- Expressing a learned skill with "huì"
Sources and further reading
- New Practical Chinese Reader 1 (新实用汉语课本1) (pp. 160-1)
- New Practical Chinese Reader 1 (新实用汉语课本1)(2nd ed) (pp. 185-7)
- A Practical Chinese Grammar For Foreigners (外国人实用汉语语法) (p. 44)