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<h1>Expressing "not anymore" with "<span class="pinyinst">le</span>" "<span class="hanzist">了</span>"</h1>
<p>In a negative sentence, the sentence-final <span class="hanzi">了</span> (<span class="pinyin">le</span>) can take on the meaning of "(not) anymore" or "no longer." The word <span class="hanzi">已经</span> (<span class="pinyin">yǐjīng</span>), which means "already," may nor may not accompany it.</p>
<h2 id="structure">Structure</h2>
<p><span class="hanzi">已经</span> (<span class="pinyin">yǐjīng</span>) is optional for this pattern, but either <span class="hanzi">不</span> (<span class="pinyin">bù</span>) or <span class="hanzi">没有</span> (<span class="pinyin">méiyǒu</span>) will be needed to make the verb negative. The sentence-final <span class="hanzi">了</span> (<span class="pinyin">le</span>) is, of course, required.</p>
<div class="deux">
<p>(<span class="hanzist">已经</span> +) <span class="hanzist">不</span> / <span class="hanzist">没</span>(<span class="hanzist">有</span>) + [Verb Phrase] + <span class="hanzist">了</span></p>
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<h2 id="examples">Examples</h2>
<div class="exemple">
<ul>
<li><span class="hanzi">没有 纸 了 。</span><br/><span class="vert">in other words, "we're out of paper"</span><br/> <span class="pinyin">Méiyǒu zhǐ le.</span> <br/>There's no paper anymore.</li>
<li><span class="hanzi">手机 没有 电 了 。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Shǒujī méiyǒu diàn le.</span><br/> My cell phone has run out of power.</li>
<li><span class="hanzi">他 没有 家 了。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Tā méiyǒu jiā le.</span><br/> He doesn't have his home anymore.</li>
<li><span class="hanzi">我们 都 没有 钱 了 。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Wǒmen dōu méiyǒu qián le.</span> <br/>We all don't have any more money.</li>
<li><span class="hanzi">你 不 喜欢 我 了 吗？</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Nǐ bù xǐhuan wǒ le ma?</span> <br/>You don't like me anymore?</li>
<li><span class="hanzi">我 不 想 吃 了 。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Wǒ bù xiǎng chī le.</span> <br/>I don't want to eat anymore.</li>
<li><span class="hanzi">你们 不 能 喝 了 。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Nǐmen bù néng hē le.</span><br/> You can't drink anymore.</li>
<li><span class="hanzi">我 已经 不 住 这里 了 。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Wǒ yǐjīng bù zhù zhèlǐ le.</span> <br/>I don't live here anymore.</li>
<li><span class="hanzi">他 已经 不 在 这儿 工作 了 。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Tā yǐjīng bù zài zhèr gōngzuò le.</span><br/> He doesn't work here anymore.</li>
<li><span class="hanzi">他们 已经 不 在 一起 了 。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Tāmen yǐjīng bù zài yīqǐ le.</span><br/> They are no longer together.</li>
</ul>
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<h2 id="see-also">See Also</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="Expressing_"already"_with_just_"le"" title="wikilink">Expressing "already" with just "le"</a></li>
<li><a href="Change_of_state_with_"le"" title="wikilink">Change of state with "le"</a></li>
<li><a href="Uses_of_"le"" title="wikilink">Uses of "le"</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further reading</h2>
<h3 id="books">Books</h3>
<ul>
<li>>Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar (p. 68)</li>
<li>Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition (pp. 126-9)</li>
<li>Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar (pp. 238-99)</li>
<li>New Practical Chinese Reader 2 (<span class="hanzi">新实用汉语课本2</span>) (pp. 217-8)</li>
<li>New Practical Chinese Reader 3 (<span class="hanzi">新实用汉语课本3</span>) (pp. 64-5)</li>
<li>Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2 (3rd ed) (p. 8)</li>
<li>40 Lessons for Basic Chinese Course (<span class="hanzi">基础汉语40课上</span>册） (p. 239)</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="websites">Websites</h3>
<ul>
<li>Chinesegrammar.info: <a href="http://chinesegrammar.info/particles/le-grammar-summary/">Chinese le grammar summary (了)</a></li>
</ul>
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