In a negative sentence, the [sentence-final 了
(le)](Change_of_state_with_"le" "wikilink") can take on the meaning of
"(not) anymore" or "no longer." The word [已经
(yǐjīng)](已经 "wikilink"), which [means
"already,"](Expressing_"already"_with_just_"le" "wikilink") may nor may
not accompany it.

Structure
---------

[已经](已经 "wikilink") (yǐjīng) is optional for this pattern, but
either [不](不 "wikilink") (bù) or [没有](没有 "wikilink") (méiyǒu) will
be needed to make the verb negative. The [sentence-final 了
(le)](Change_of_state_with_"le" "wikilink") is, of course, required.

<div class="jiegou">
(已经 +) 不 / 没(有) + \[Verb Phrase\] + 了

</div>
Examples
--------

<div class="liju">
-   <em>没有</em> 纸 <em>了</em> 。<span class="expl">in other words,
    "we're out of paper"</span><span class="pinyin"><em>Méiyǒu</em> zhǐ
    <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">There's no paper
    anymore.</span>
-   手机 <em>没有</em> 电 <em>了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Shǒujī
    <em>méiyǒu</em> diàn <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">My cell
    phone has run out of power.</span>
-   他 <em>没有</em> 家 <em>了</em>。<span class="pinyin">Tā
    <em>méiyǒu</em> jiā <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">He
    doesn't have his home anymore.</span>
-   我们 都 <em>没有</em> 钱 <em>了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen
    dōu <em>méiyǒu</em> qián <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">We
    all don't have any more money.</span>
-   你 <em>不</em> 喜欢 我 <em>了</em> 吗？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ
    <em>bù</em> xǐhuan wǒ <em>le</em> ma?</span><span class="trans">You
    don't like me anymore?</span>
-   我 <em>不</em> 想 吃 <em>了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ
    <em>bù</em> xiǎng chī <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">I don't
    want to eat anymore.</span>
-   你们 <em>不</em> 能 喝 <em>了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Nǐmen
    <em>bù</em> néng hē <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">You can't
    drink anymore.</span>
-   我 <em>已经 不</em> 住 这里 <em>了</em> 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ
    <em>yǐjīng bù</em> zhù zhèlǐ
    <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">I don't live here
    anymore.</span>
-   他 <em>已经 不</em> 在 这儿 工作 <em>了</em>
    。<span class="pinyin">Tā <em>yǐjīng bù</em> zài zhèr gōngzuò
    <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">He doesn't work here
    anymore.</span>
-   他们 <em>已经 不</em> 在 一起 <em>了</em>
    。<span class="pinyin">Tāmen <em>yǐjīng bù</em> zài yīqǐ
    <em>le</em>.</span><span class="trans">They are no longer
    together.</span>

</div>
See Also
--------

-   [Expressing "already" with just
    "le"](Expressing_"already"_with_just_"le" "wikilink")
-   [Change of state with "le"](Change_of_state_with_"le" "wikilink")
-   [Uses of "le"](Uses_of_"le" "wikilink")

Sources and further reading
---------------------------

### Books

-   [Basic Patterns of Chinese
    Grammar](Basic_Patterns_of_Chinese_Grammar "wikilink") (p. 68)
    [→buy](http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1933330899/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399373&creativeASIN=1933330899)
-   [Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second
    Edition](Chinese:_An_Essential_Grammar,_Second_Edition "wikilink") (pp.
    126-9)
    [→buy](http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0415372615/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0415372615)
-   [Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference
    Grammar](Mandarin_Chinese:_A_Functional_Reference_Grammar "wikilink") (pp.
    238-99)
    [→buy](http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0520066103?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0520066103)
-   [New Practical Chinese Reader
    2 (新实用汉语课本2)](New_Practical_Chinese_Reader_2_(新实用汉语课本2) "wikilink") (pp.
    217-8)
    [→buy](http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7561911297/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=7561911297)
-   [New Practical Chinese Reader
    3 (新实用汉语课本3)](New_Practical_Chinese_Reader_3_(新实用汉语课本3) "wikilink") (pp.
    64-5)
    [→buy](http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/756191251X/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=756191251X)
-   [Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 2
    (3rd ed)](Integrated_Chinese:_Level_1,_Part_2_(3rd_ed) "wikilink") (p.
    8)
    [→buy](http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276709/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0887276709)
-   [40 Lessons for Basic Chinese Course
    (基础汉语40课上册）](40_Lessons_for_Basic_Chinese_Course_(基础汉语40课上册） "wikilink") (p.
    239)[→buy](http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B001FTL8D8/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=B001FTL8D8&linkCode=as2&tag=allset-20)

### Websites

-   Chinesegrammar.info: [Chinese le grammar
    summary (了)](http://chinesegrammar.info/particles/le-grammar-summary/)

[Category: A2 grammar points](Category:_A2_grammar_points "wikilink")