<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta name="generator" content= "HTML Tidy for HTML5 for Linux version 5.2.0" /> <title></title> </head> <body> <p>The <a href="suffix" class="uri" title="wikilink">suffix</a> 化 (huà) can be added to the end of many Chinese words to make them into verbs, the equivalent of "-ize" or "-ify" in English.</p> <h2 id="structure">Structure</h2> <p>You can take some Chinese <a href="noun" title= "wikilink">nouns</a> and <a href="adjective" title= "wikilink">adjectives</a> and add a 化 to the end of them to make "-ize" or "-ify" them. Basically, 化 takes the noun or adjective and makes it into a verb. One example of how we do that in English is to take the word "modern" and turn it into "modernize." Most of the time, the Chinese words that 化 is added to are two-character words.</p> <div class="jiegou"> <p>Noun / Adj. + 化</p> </div> <h2 id="examples">Examples</h2> <p>The following is a short list of examples 化 words and sentences. Note that while the suffix 化 most often corresponds to "-ize" or "-ify" in English, these are not the <em>only</em> options in English. (Ah, you gotta love the endless variety of the English language!)</p> <h3 id="with-a-noun">With a Noun</h3> <div class="liju"> <ul> <li>现代<em>化</em><span class="trans">modern<em>ize</em></span></li> <li>中国<em>化</em><span class="trans">sinic<em>ize</em>, Chinese-<em>ify</em></span></li> <li>美国<em>化</em><span class= "trans">American<em>ize</em></span></li> <li>KFC 的 中国 本土<em>化</em> 经营 做 得 非常 成功。<span class="trans">KFC's Chinese local<em>ization</em> has been implemented very successfully.</span></li> <li>邓小平 提出了 四 个 现代<em>化</em>：工业现代<em>化</em>、农业现代<em>化</em>、国防现代<em>化</em>、科学技术现代<em>化</em>。<span class="trans">Deng Xiaoping set forth the Four Modern<em>ization</em>s: industrial modern<em>ization</em>, agricultural modern<em>ization</em>, national defense modern<em>ization</em>, and scientific technology modern<em>ization</em>.</span></li> <li>现在 我们 公司 的工作 流程 和 人事 管理 已经 初步 制度<em>化</em> 了。<span class= "trans">These days our company's workflows and HR management have already started to be systemat<em>ize</em>d.</span></li> </ul> </div> <h3 id="with-an-adjective">With an Adjective</h3> <div class="liju"> <ul> <li>美<em>化</em><span class= "trans">beaut<em>ification</em></span></li> <li>绿<em>化</em><span class="trans">"green<em>ify</em>"</span></li> <li>软<em>化</em><span class="trans">soft<em>en</em></span></li> <li>你 应该 让 黄油 软<em>化</em>，然后 跟 面包 一起 吃。<span class="trans">You should allow the butter to soft<em>en</em>, then eat it with bread.</span></li> <li>我们 保护 环境 是 为了 美<em>化</em> 我们 的 城市。<span class="trans">We protect the environment in order to beaut<em>ify</em> our city.</span></li> <li>每年 我们 的 绿<em>化</em> 面积 都 在 扩大。<span class="trans">Every year our green<em>[ified]</em> area is expanding.</span></li> </ul> </div> <h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further reading</h2> <h3 id="books">Books</h3> <ul> <li><a href= "%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%8D%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87" class="uri" title="wikilink">卓越汉语－公司实战篇</a>(p.68) <a href= "http://www.amazon.cn/%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD-%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87-%E8%83%A1%E7%81%B5%E5%9D%87/dp/B003QZWQ6M/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1347863170&sr=8-1"> →buy</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li><a href= "Contemporary_Chinese_4_(%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%874)" title="wikilink">Contemporary Chinese 4 (当代中文4)</a>(p.17) <a href= "http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/7800529371/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399373&creativeASIN=7800529371"> →buy</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li><a href= "Short-term_Spoken_Chinese:_Intermediate_(%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%8F%A3%E8%AF%AD%E9%80%9F%E6%88%90%E4%B8%AD%E7%BA%A7%E7%AF%87)" title="wikilink">Short-term Spoken Chinese: Intermediate (汉语口语速成中级篇)</a>(p.90) <a href= "http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/756191962X/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399373&creativeASIN=756191962X"> →buy</a></li> </ul> <p><a href="Category:B2_grammar_points" title= "wikilink">Category:B2 grammar points</a></p> </body> </html>