<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta name="generator" content= "HTML Tidy for HTML5 for Linux version 5.2.0" /> <title></title> </head> <body> <p>什么的(shénme de) is an informal way to express "etc.," and is used to end a list of items when it is obvious to the listener what class of things the speaker is talking about. 什么的 can also be used after a single item if it is obvious enough what might follow.</p> <h3 id="structure">Structure</h3> <div class="jiegou"> <p>List + 什么的</p> </div> <h3 id="examples">Examples</h3> <div class="liju"> <ul> <li>欧洲 有 哪些 国家？法国，英国，德国 <em>什么 的</em>。 反正 都 是 些 小 国家！<span class= "trans">Which countries are in Europe? France, England, Germany, etc. Anyway, they are all small countries!</span></li> <li>像 数学 啊，化学 啊，英语 啊 <em>什么的</em>，我 都 觉得 超级 无聊，不 想 学！<span class= "trans">Math, chemistry, English, and so on. I think they are all really boring. I don't want to study them!</span></li> <li>游泳 啊 <em>什么的</em> 对 身体 有 好处。<span class="trans">Swimming and such is good for the body.</span></li> </ul> </div> <p>It can be a little impolite to use 什么的 after a list of peoples names, in which case <a href= "Non-exhaustive_lists_with_"dengdeng"" title= "wikilink">等</a> can be used in place of 什么的. When referring to a list of friends in informal contexts there is no problem using 什么的.</p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul> <li><a href="Listing_Things_with_"a"" title= "wikilink">Listing Things with "a"</a></li> <li><a href="Non-exhaustive_lists_with_"dengdeng"" title= "wikilink">Non-exhaustive lists with "dengdeng"</a></li> <li><a href=""Stuff_like_that"_with_"zhileide"" title="wikilink">"Stuff like that" with "zhileide"</a></li> </ul> <h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further reading</h2> <h3 id="books">Books</h3> <ul> <li><a href= "Chinese_Grammar_-_Broken_down_into_100_items_-_Basic_and_Intermediate_Levels_(%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95%E7%99%BE%E9%A1%B9%E8%AE%B2%E7%BB%83_-_%E5%88%9D%E4%B8%AD%E7%BA%A7)" title="wikilink">Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级)</a> (pp.304-7) <a href= "http://www.amazon.cn/gp/product/B004WA6JSQ/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B004WA6JSQ"> →buy</a></li> <li><a href="Integrated_Chinese:_Level_2,_Part_1" title= "wikilink">Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 1</a> (pp.121) <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276792/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=allset-20&linkCode=as2&camp=217145&creative=399369&creativeASIN=0887276792"> →buy</a></li> <li><a href= "%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%8D%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87" class="uri" title="wikilink">卓越汉语－公司实战篇</a> (pp. 122-3) <a href= "http://www.amazon.cn/%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD-%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87-%E8%83%A1%E7%81%B5%E5%9D%87/dp/B003QZWQ6M/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1347863170&sr=8-1"> →buy</a></li> </ul> <p><a href="Category:_B1_grammar_points" title="wikilink">Category: B1 grammar points</a></p> </body> </html>