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= Expressing &quot;all the way until&quot; with &quot;zhidao&quot; =


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<li>[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Complement_with_%22dao%22 Complement with &quot;dao&quot;] (B1)</li>
<li>[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_%22when%22_with_%22dengdao%22 Expressing &quot;when&quot; with &quot;dengdao&quot;] (B1)</li></ul>


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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Sequencing_events_in_time Sequencing events in time], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_attitude Expressing attitude]

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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E7%9B%B4%E5%88%B0 直到], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E5%88%B0 到]

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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Until until], [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/By_the_time by the time]

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直到 (zhídào) can only be used to describe the past, acting like the English word &quot;all the way until.&quot; It can be used in an affirmative or negative form, expressing that something has taken a while or is late.

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== Contents ==

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* [[#Affirmative_Form|<span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Affirmative Form</span>]]
** [[#Structure|<span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
** [[#Examples|<span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span>]]
* [[#Negative_Form|<span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Negative Form</span>]]
** [[#Structure_2|<span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
** [[#Examples_2|<span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span>]]
* [[#See_also|<span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span>]]
* [[#Sources_and_further_reading|<span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Sources and further reading</span>]]
** [[#Books|<span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Books</span>]]


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== <span id="Affirmative_Form" class="mw-headline">Affirmative Form</span> ==

=== <span id="Structure" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ===

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直到 + Time / Event ，Subj. + 才 ⋯⋯


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This subject can also be place before 直到.

=== <span id="Examples" class="mw-headline">Examples</span> ===

<div class="liju">

* ''直到'' 十二 点 半 ，我 '''才''' 做 完 作业 。<span class="pinyin">''Zhídào'' shí'èr diǎn bàn, wǒ '''cái''' zuò wán zuòyè.</span><span class="trans">It wasn't until twelve thirty in the morning that I finished homework.</span>
* ''直到'' 半 个 月 以后 ，我 的 感冒 '''才''' 好 。<span class="pinyin">''Zhídào'' bàn gè yuè yǐhòu, wǒ de gǎnmào '''cái''' hǎo.</span><span class="trans">It took me half a month to recover from the cold.</span>
* 她 ''直到'' 十八 岁 '''才''' 见到 亲生 父母 。<span class="pinyin">Tā ''zhídào'' shíbā suì '''cái''' jiàndào qīnshēng fùmǔ.</span><span class="trans">It wasn't until she was eighteen that she met her biological parents.</span>
* 我 ''直到'' 大学 毕业 '''才''' 开始 独立 生活 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ ''zhídào'' dàxué bìyè '''cái''' kāishǐ dúlì shēnghuó.</span><span class="trans">It wasn't until I graduated from college that I started living independently.</span>
* ''直到'' 去 了 北京 ，他 '''才''' 知道 一个人 在 大 城市 多 辛苦 。<span class="pinyin">''Zhídào'' qù le Běijīng, tā '''cái''' zhīdào yīgèrén zài dà chéngshì duō xīnkǔ.</span><span class="trans">It wasn't until he went to Beijing that he understood how hard it is to be alone in a big city.</span>


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== <span id="Negative_Form" class="mw-headline">Negative Form</span> ==

=== <span id="Structure_2" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ===

<div class="jiegou">

直到 + Time / Event ，Subj. + 都 + 不 / 没 ⋯⋯


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=== <span id="Examples_2" class="mw-headline">Examples</span> ===

<div class="liju">

* ''直到'' 他 死 ，我们 '''都 没''' 见 过 。<span class="pinyin">''Zhídào'' tā sǐ, wǒmen '''dōu méi''' jiàn guo.</span><span class="trans">We didn't meet until he passed away.</span>
* 他们 是 同学 ，但是 ''直到'' 毕业 ，'''都 没''' 说 过 话 。<span class="pinyin">Tāmen shì tóngxué, dànshì ''zhídào'' bìyè, '''dōu méi''' shuō guo huà.</span><span class="trans">They are classmates. But they had never spoken until they graduated.</span>
* ''直到'' 电影 结束 ，他 '''都 没''' 来 。<span class="pinyin">''Zhídào'' diànyǐng jiéshù, tā '''dōu méi''' lái.</span><span class="trans">He didn't show up until the movie was over.</span>
* ''直到'' 我 弟弟 上 大学 ，他 '''都 不''' 会 洗 衣服 。<span class="pinyin">''Zhídào'' wǒ dìdi shàng dàxué, tā '''dōu bù''' huì xǐ yīfu.</span><span class="trans">My younger brother couldn't wash clothes until he went to college.</span>
* 我 认识 他 一年 多 了 ，''直到'' 现在 ，我 '''都 不''' 知道 他 的 全名 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ rènshi tā yī nián duō le, ''zhídào'' xiànzài, wǒ '''dōu bù''' zhīdào tā de quánmíng.</span><span class="trans">I've known him for over a year, but I still don't know his full name.</span>


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== <span id="See_also" class="mw-headline">See also</span> ==

* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_%22when%22_with_%22dengdao%22 Expressing &quot;when&quot; with &quot;dengdao&quot;]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Complement_with_%22dao%22 Complement with &quot;dao&quot;]

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