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= Expressing &quot;less than&quot; with &quot;budao&quot; =


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[https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_quantity Expressing quantity]

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== Contents ==

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* [[#Basic_Pattern|<span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Basic Pattern</span>]]
** [[#Structure|<span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
** [[#Examples|<span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span>]]
* [[#Advanced_Pattern|<span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Advanced Pattern</span>]]
** [[#Structure_2|<span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Structure</span>]]
** [[#Examples_2|<span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span>]]
* [[#See_also|<span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span>]]
* [[#Sources_and_further_reading|<span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Sources and further reading</span>]]
** [[#Books|<span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Books</span>]]


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== <span id="Basic_Pattern" class="mw-headline">Basic Pattern</span> ==

=== <span id="Structure" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ===

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Subj. + 不到 + Number + [Measure Word] + Noun


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=== <span id="Examples" class="mw-headline">Examples</span> ===

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* 我 女儿 ''不到'' 三 岁 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ nǚ'ér ''bùdào'' sān suì.</span><span class="trans">My daughter is less than three years old.</span>
* 我 昨天 睡 了 ''不到'' 五 个 小时 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ zuótiān shuì le ''bùdào'' wǔ gè xiǎoshí.</span><span class="trans"> Yesterday I slept for less than five hours.</span>
* 这 件 衣服 花 了 ''不到'' 一 百 块 。<span class="pinyin">Zhè jiàn yīfu huā le ''bùdào'' yī bǎi kuài.</span><span class="trans">This piece of clothing costs less than 100 RMB.</span>
* 我 家 到 公司 ''不到'' 五 百 米 。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ jiā dào gōngsī ''bùdào'' wǔ bǎi mǐ.</span><span class="trans">My house is less than 500 meters from the company.</span>
* 在 美国 ，''不到'' 21 岁 不 能 喝酒 。<span class="pinyin">Zài Měiguó, ''bùdào'' èrshí-yī suì, bù néng hējiǔ.</span><span class="trans">In America, people under 21 can't drink alcohol.</span>


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== <span id="Advanced_Pattern" class="mw-headline">Advanced Pattern</span> ==

=== <span id="Structure_2" class="mw-headline">Structure</span> ===

When 不到 is put before a time or a duration of time, it needs to be followed with 就. This shows that something (usually referring to the past) has happened earlier than usual.

<div class="jiegou">

Subj. + 不到 + Time + 就 + Predicate + 了


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=== <span id="Examples_2" class="mw-headline">Examples</span> ===

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* 她 的 病 ''不到'' 一个 星期 '''就''' 好 '''了''' 。<span class="pinyin">Tā de bìng ''bùdào'' yī gè xīngqī '''jiù''' hǎo '''le'''.</span><span class="trans">It took less than one week for her to recover from her sickness.</span>
* 他们 认识 ''不到'' 两 个 月 '''就''' 结婚 '''了''' 。<span class="pinyin">Tāmen rènshi ''bùdào'' liǎng gè yuè '''jiù''' jiéhūn '''le'''.</span><span class="trans">They've known each other for less than two months and are already married.</span>
* 李 医生 ''不到'' 55 岁 '''就''' 退休 '''了''' 。<span class="pinyin">Lǐ yīshēng ''bùdào'' wǔshí-wǔ suì '''jiù''' tuìxiū '''le'''.</span><span class="trans">Dr. Li is less than 55 years old and he already retired.</span>
* 爷爷 ''不到'' 60 岁 '''就''' 去世 '''了''' 。<span class="pinyin">Yéye ''bùdào'' liùshí suì '''jiù''' qùshì '''le'''.</span><span class="trans">My grandpa was less than 60 years old when he died.</span>
* 老板 ''不到'' 30 岁 '''就''' 有 白 头发 '''了''' 。<span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn ''bùdào'' sānshí suì '''jiù''' yǒu bái tóufa '''le'''.</span><span class="trans">My boss is less than 30 years old and already has white hair showing on his head.</span>


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== <span id="See_also" class="mw-headline">See also</span> ==

* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Emphasizing_quantity_with_%22dou%22 Emphasizing quantity with &quot;dou&quot;]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Referring_to_%22all%22_using_%22suoyou%22 Referring to &quot;all&quot; using &quot;suoyou&quot;]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Indicating_a_number_in_excess Indicating a number in excess]
* [https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Indicating_the_whole_with_%22quan%22 Indicating the whole with &quot;quan&quot;]

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