Defense Language Institute - Foreign Language Center Glossary: Modules 1-5 February 1988 Second Edition Module 1-5 Glossary Pinyin Hanzi Type English Lesson Alasīyā 阿拉斯加 N: Alaska L27 a 啊 P: (marker for seeking approval agreement on suggestion L8 āiya 哎呀 N: exclamation, interjection L29 ài 爱 V/AV: to love, to be fond of/to love to L9 àirén 爱人 N: spouse (wife/husband-PRC) L4 Andàlüè (shěng) 安大略（—省） N: Ontario (province), Canada L4 bā 八 NU: eight L2 ba 吧 P: (indicating 'I presume') L11 -bǎ —把 M: (generally for chairs or many things with handles) L10 bǎ 把 CV: (bring object to front of main verb) L22 bàba 爸爸 N: papa, father L22 Bái Máo Nü 白毛女 N: White Haired Girl (name of a Chinese opera) L21 báitiān 白天 TW: daytime L19 báizhǎnjī 白斩鸡 N: boiled chicken with mashed ginger and garlic sauce L30 bǎi 百 M: 100 L5 -bān —班 M: (for train, bus, airplane in time schedule) L20 bān 班 M/N: class (of students), squad (military unit) L8 bān 班 N: a shift (of work) L17 bānjī 班机 N: scheduled flight/air service L27 bānzhǎng 班长 N: class or section monitor L8 bān 搬 V: to move L27 bānjiā 搬家 V0: to move one's residence L27 -bàn —半 NU: (and) half L10 bàn- 半 NU: one half of L10 bànpiào 半票 N: half fare L20 bàn 办 V: to handle, to manage, to attend to, to do L12 bànfǎ 办法 N: method, way, means L13 bànshì 办事 V0: to handle, to manage, or to ... L12 bāng biérénde máng 帮别人的忙 N: to help others, to help someone else L18 bāngmáng 帮忙 V0: to help, to give assistance L18 bāngzhù 帮助 V/N: to help/assistance L28 bàng 磅 N: pound L27 bāo/guǒ 包/袠 V: to wrap L28 bāoguǒ 包袠 N: parcel, parcel post L28 báo 薄 SV: be thin, be light (wine) L28 bǎojià (bǎoxiǎn) 保价（保险） VO/N: to insure/insurance L28 Bǎoluó 保罗 N: (transliteration of Paul) L17 Bǎoluó Mǎdīng 保罗马丁 N: Paul Martin (transliteration) L25 bǎo 饱 SV/RVE: have eaten one's fill, be satisfied (after eating) L24 bào 报 N: newspaper (M: fèn[r]) L8 bàogào 报告 V/N: to report/report L17 bàoguān 报关 V0: making a customs declaration L28 bàoguānbiǎo 报关表 N: customs declaration form L28 bàoshang 丨报上 N: in the newspaper L8 bàozhī 报纸 N: newspaper L8 -bēi —杯 M: a cup of (for coffee, tea, milk) L22 bēizi 杯子 N: cup L22 Běicháoxiǎn (Běi Hán) 北朝鲜（北韩） N: North Korea L3 Běi Měi (Zhōu) 北美（洲） N: North America L27 Běihǎi-Gōngyuán 北海公园 PW: North Sea Public Park L12 Běijīng-Dàxué 北京大学 N: Beijing University L23 Běijīng Huàbào 北京画报 N: Beiiinq Pictorial L20 Běijīng Zhōubào 北京周报 N: Beiiinq Review (weekly) L19 bèi 被 CV: by (passive voice marker) L27 běn 本 M: volume (of books) L7 běndì 本地 PW: local, native L29 běnlái 本来 MA/TW: originally L24 běnláijiù 本来就 PH: ... to begin with L.24 bèn 笨 SV: be stupid, be clumsy, be awkward L29 bǐ 笔 N: pen (writing instruments) L6 bízi 鼻子 N: nose L24 bī 比 CV: compare with, than L25 Bǐdé Bèiěr 彼得贝尔 N: Peter Bayer (transliteration) L25 bìděi 必得 AV: must, have to (stronger than děi) L12 -biān(r) —边（儿） N: sidem edge, border L21 biàn 变 V: to change, to change into, to be changed L20 biànfàn 便饭 N: a simple meal L30 -biàn —遍 M: (for occurrencesf times, etc.) L23 biǎoshi 表示 V: to express, to indicate, to show L21 biǎo/shǒubiǎo 表/手表 N: wristwatch (M: -ge) L14 bié 别 AV: don't L13 biéde 别的 N: other, another L18 biérén 别人 N: others, other people L18 bìngqiě 并且 MA: moreover L28 bìng 病 N/V: illness, sickness/to be sick L24 bìngren 病人 N: patient, invalid, sick person L24 bìngsǐle 病死了 PH: to die of illness L24 bǔ 补 N: to make up for, to mend, to patch L27 bù (bú) 不 P: not, no L2 búbì 不必 AV: need not, not have to (not necessary) L12 búcuò 不错 IE/SV: not bad/to be correct, right, pretty good L22 búda 不大 A: not very L25 búdàn 不但 MA: not only, not merely L19 búdàn ... yě ... 不但……也…… PT: not only ...but also ... L19 bùdōu 不都 A: not all, not both L6 bùduō 不多 SV/NU: to be not many or not much L9 bùfāng 不妨 A: might as well L26 bùfàngxīn 不放心 SV: to be uneasy L22 búguò 不过 CNJ: but, however L12 bùjiǔ 不久 TW: soon, before long (not a long time) L20 bù kěnéng 不可能 SV: to be impossible L13 búkèqì 不客气 SV/IE: to be impolite, rude/Don't mention it. L12 bùshǎo 不少 SV/NU: to be quite a few L9 búshì 不是 P: not to be L2 búxiè 不谢 IE: Don't mention it. (Lit. You need not thank me.) L25 búyàojīn 不要紧 SV/IE: to be unimportant/It doesn't matter. L8 bù yídìng 不一定 A: won't necessarily, not definitely L15 bùzhī 不只 CNJ: not only, not merely, not just L12 bùxié 布鞋 N: cotton shoes L9 bù 部 M: section, zone, part L26 bù 簿 N: book (for taking notes, keeping accounts) 、 L29 -bù —部 M: (for machines, instruments, automobiles, etc.) L13 bùzi 簿子 N: notebook L29 càidān 菜单 N: menu L22 cái 才 A: not until then (later than expected), then and only then L17 caí 才 ADV: only, merely, just (less than expected) L10 cài 菜 N: vegetables, (cooked) dishes, course in a banquet L8 cānchē 餐车 N: dining car L27 cānguān 参观 V/N: to visit (for a purpose)/visit L16 cānjiā 参加 V: to join in, to participate L21 cèyàn 测验 V/N: to quiz/quiz L14 chāzi 叉子 N: fork L8 chá 荼 N: tea L22 chábēi 茶杯 N: teacup L22 chá 查 V: to check, to inspect, to consult (a dictionary) ,L23 cháchulail 查出来 V: to find out L23 cháchulaile 查出来了 RV: have found out (through investigation) L23 chápiàoyuán 査票员 N: conductor, ticket inspector L20 chà 差 V: to differ fro;, to lack, to fall short of L14 chà yìdiǎnr 差一点儿 V0: to be not good enoughm not quite up to the mark L16 chàyidiǎnr 差一点儿 MA: almost, nearly L16 chàbuduō 差不多 MA: almost, nearly L16 chàyíkè wǔdiǎn 差一刻五点 TW: a quarter to five L14 chāo 超 V: to exceed, to surpass L27 chāozhòng 超重 SV: be overload, be overweight L27 cháo 朝 CV: facing, towards L25 Cháoxiǎn 朝鲜 N: Korea L3 chǎo 炒 V: to stir fry, to sauté L30 cháng 长 SV: be long L26 chángtú 长途 N: long distance L29 cháng(chang) 常（常） A: often, frequently, usually, generally L15 -chǎng —场 BF: open field, public place L12 chǎng 厂 N: factory, mill, plant, yard L29 chàng 唱 V: to sing L15 chànggēr 唱歌儿 V0: to sing songs L15 chē 车 N: car (used with wheeled vehicle) Lll chēpiào 本苗 N: train/bus ticket L20 chēzhàn 车站 N: train/bus depot, station, stop L20 chéng 城 N: city L6 chénglǐtou 城里头 PW: inside the city L6 chéngwàitou 城外头 PW: outside the city L6 chéngqiáng 城墙 N: city wall L19 chī 吃 V: to eat L8 chībubǎo 吃不饱 RV: to eat but not be able to be satisfied L24 chīdebǎo 吃得饱 RV: to eat and be able to be satisfied L24 chīfàn/chīfàn 吃饭 V0: to eat (meals/food), to eat cooked rice L8 chǐ 尺 M: a Chinese foot L29 chìjiaǒyīshēng 赤脚医生 N: barefoot doctor L24 chū(bǎn) 出（版） V: to publish L7 chūfā 出发 V: to set out, to start off L16 chūkǒu 出口 N: exports, exits L29 chūkǒukē 出口科 N: export section L29 chūlai 出来 V: to come out (toward the speaker) L17 chū máobìng 出毛病 V0: to develop a malfunction, to break down L18 chūmén 出门 V0: to go out (of the town) L29 chūqu 出去 V: to go out L17 chūzū 出租 V: to rent L10 chūzū-qìchē 出租汽车 N: taxicab (PRC) L26 chúfáng 厨房 N: kitchen (M: -jian) L10 chuān 穿 V: to wear, to put on (clothes, jackets and shoes), to pierce through L30 chuándá 传达 N: building custodian, concierge L22 chuán 船 N: boat, ship (M: sou, tiáo) L11 chuánpiào 船票 N: ship/boat/ferry ticket L20 chuānghu 窗户 N: window (M: -ge) L15 chuāngkǒu(r) 窗口 （儿） N: window, ticket window L28 chuáng 床 N: bed (M: -zhāng) L10 cídiǎn 词典 N: dictionary L23 -cì 次 M: (of number of occasions, times, etc,) L8 cóng 从 CV: from L11 cóng...dào 从……到 PATT: from ... to L11 cóng...dào...lái 从……到……来 PT: come to ...from L11 cóng...dào...qù 从……到……去 PT: go to ..from L11 cóng...lái 从……来 PT: come from ... L11 cóng...qī 从……起 PT: from ... on L16 cóng...qù 从……去 PT: go to ... from ... L11 cóngqián 从前 MA: before, previously L6 cóng xiǎo (r) 从小（儿） V0: since childhood L20 cuò 错 SV: wrong, mistaken, erroneous L22 cuòr 错儿 N: a mistake, an error L22 dǎ 打 V: to send, to dispatch, to make a (phone call) L19 dǎ 打 V: to fight, to strike, to hit L20 dǎ diànhuà 打电话 V0: to make a phone call L19 dǎkai 打开 V: to open up, to turn on L25 dǎsǐle 打死了 PH: be killed (death by some means other than illness) L24 dǎ zhàng 打仗 V0: to fight a battle, at war L20 dǎsuàn 打算 V: to plan to L25 dǎting 打听 V: to inquire or ask about L26 dà 大 SV: to be large, to be big L6 dàgài 大概 MA: probably L25 dàhòutiān 大后天 TW: three days from now (day after day after tomorrow) L12 dàjiā 大家 N: all, everybody, everyone L8 dàkǎo 大考 N: end of term or final examination L14 dàlù/Dàlù 大陆 N: continent, mainland/Mainland China L7 dàmén 大门 N: front entrance/door/gate L26 dàqiántiān 大前天 TW: three days ago (day before day before yesterday) L12 dàshēng 大声 PH: loud voice, loud noise L15 dàshī 大使 N: ambassador L21 dàshīguǎn 大使馆 N: embassy L21 dàshīfu 大师傅 N: chef L22 Dàwèi 大卫 N: (transliteration of David) L21 dàxué 大学 N: university L23 dāi 待 V: to stay L30 dàifu 大夫 N: doctor (M.D,) L24 dàibiǎo 代表 V/N: to represent/representative, delegate L16 dài 带 V: to take, to bring, to carry L12 dānchéngpiào 单程票 N: one-way ticket L27 dānrénfáng 单人房 N: room for one person L25 dānzi 单子 N: list, form L28 dànshi 但是 MA: but, yet, nevertheless L27 dāngzhōng 当中 PW: the center off middle of, in between, among L26 dāochā 刀叉 N: silverware, cutlery, knives, and forks L8 dāozi 刀子 N: knife L8 -dào —到 VS: verbal suffix "to" L14 dào 到 CV/V: to/arrive L11 dào...lái 到……来 PT: come to ... L11 dào...qù 到……去 PT: go to ... L11 -de —得 P: (a verbal suffix used to link the manner of action to the verb) L15 de 的 P: (possessive marker) L3 ...de shíhou ……的时候 PH: when ... L14 dé 得 V: to get, to obtain,, to gain (acquire something) L24 dédao 得到 V: to get, to obtain, to gain L24 Déguó 德国 N: Germany L3 Dézhōu 德州 N: Texas L4 děi 得 AV: must, ought to, have to L10 dēng 灯 N: lamp (M: -zhǎn) L10 dēngjì 登记 V: to register, to check in L25 dēngjìbù 登记簿 N: register L29 děng 等 V: to wait (for) L22 děngděng 等等 N: and so on, and so forth, etc. L23 děngyiděng 等一等 V: to wait for a moment L22 dī 低 SV: be low L29 dīxià 底下 N: underneath, below L25 dìfang 地方 N: place L19 dìshqng 地上 N: on the ground, on the floor L23 dìtú 地图 N: map (M: zhāng) L7 dìxia 地下 N: on the ground,, on the floor L23 dìzhī 地址 N: address L6 dìdi 弟弟 N: younger brother L5 dì 第 P: (ordinalizing prefix to numbers) L11 dì èrtiān 第二天 TW :the second day, the next day L11 dìsānběn 第三本 N: the third volume L11 dìyītiān 第一天 TW: the first day L11 diǎnr 点儿 NU: a little bit L13 diǎn 点 V: to order (select) dishes from a menu L22 diǎnxin 点心 N: light refreshment, pastry L19 -diǎn (zhōng) —点（钟） M: (for hours on the clock) L14 diàn 电 N: electricity L13 diànbào 电报 N: telegraph, telegram L25 diànchí 电池 N: battery L13 diàndēng 电灯 N: electric light (M: zhǎn) L13 diànnǎo 电脑 N: computer (Lit. electronic brain) L15 diànhù 电话 N: telephone L19 diànhuà hàomǎ(r) 电话号码 （儿） N: telephone number L23 diànhuàbù 电话簿 N: telephone directory L29 diànqì 电器 N: electrical equipment L12 diànqìzhǎnlǎn(huì) 电器展览（会） N: electrical equipment exhibition L12 diànqìchǎng 电器厂 N: electrical factory L16 diànshì 电视 N: television (M: -tái) L17 diàntái 电台 N: broadcasting station (radio or television) L17 diàntī 电梯 N: elevator L21 diànxiàn 电线 N: electric wire L13 diànyīng(r) 电影（儿） N: movie, film L21 diànzīchǎng 电子厂 N: electronics factory L29 diànzījìsuànjī 电子计算机 N: electronic computer L15 diàn 店 BF: store L7 dìng 订 V: to fix, to set, to book, to subscribe L25 dōngxi 东西 N: things (M: jiàn) L9 Dōnghǎilóu 东海楼 N/PW: name of a restaurant (House of the Eastern Sea) L8 Dōngjīng 东京 N: Tokyo (Lit. Eastern Capital) L27 dǒng 懂 V: to understand, to know L16 -dòng —动 RVE: to move L24 dòng 栋 M: (for houses and buildings) L10 dōu 都 A: all, both L6 dōu bu- 都不— A: none, neither L6 duì 对 CV: to, towards L13 duìbuqī 对不起 IE: Excuse me; I beg your pardon; I am sorry L6 duìle 对了 IE: That's right. That's correct L11 -duō 多 Nu: plus, and more, over, odd L12 duō 多 SV/Nu: to be (too) much or many L9 duōbàn(r) 多半（儿） A/N: the greater part, most, probably, most likely/majority L19 Duó dàle? 多大了？ IE: How old ...? (for children and young people) L20 Duó dà suìshù(r) le? 多大岁数（儿）? IE: How old ... ? (for adults) L20 duóme 多么 A: How ... ! L18 duōshǎo 多少 QW/Nu: how many, how much L7 duǎn 短 SV: be short L26 Èguó(Éguó) 俄国 N: Russia L3 è 饿 SV: to be hungry L24 ěrduo 耳朵 N: ear L24 èr 二 N: two L2 èrshí wǔ hào 二十五号 N: 25th of the month L6 éi 欸 EX: By the way! Hey! L21 fābái 发白 VO: to become pale, turn pale L24 fāshāo 发烧 VO: to have a fever L24 fāyīn 发音 V/N: to pronounce/pronunciation L14 fázi 法子 N: way, method L25 Fàguo (Fǎguo) 法国 N: France L3 fántīzì 繁体字 N: full-form characters L7 fàn 饭 N: food, meal, cooked rice L8 fàndiàn 饭店 N: hotel L5 fàndiànli 饭店里 N: in (inside) a hotel L5 fànguǎnr 饭馆儿 N: restaurant L8 fànsháo 饭勺儿 N: spoon for serving rice L8 fàntīng 饭厅 N: dining room (M: -jian) L10 fànwǎn 饭碗 N: rice bowl L8 fāngbiàn 方便 SV: be convenient L27 fāngxiàng 方向 N: direction L26 fángjiān 房间 N: room L10 fángzi 房子 N: house (M: -suǒr, -dòng) L29 fángzū 房租 N: rent (for a house, flat, etc.) L29 fàng 放 V: to put, to place L19 fàngxīn 放心 SV: to rest assured, to feel easy L22 fēicháng 非常 SV/A: unusually, extraordinarily, exceptionally L16 fēijī 飞机 N: airplane (M: jià) L11 fēijīchǎng 飞机场 N: airport, airfield L12 fēijīpiào 飞机票 N: airplane ticket L20 fèi 费 V: to waste L27 fèixīn 费心 IE/VO: May I trouble you (to do something) . Would you mind (doing something)./to give a lot of care, to take a lot of trouble L27 -fēn —分 M: minute (1/60 of an hour) L14 fēnjī 分机 N: telephone extension L29 -fēn (qián) —分（钱） N: cents L7 fěnbǐ 粉笔 N: chalk (M: zhi) L7 -fēng —封 M: specific measure for letters, telegrams, etc. L19 fēngjīng 风景 N: scenery L27 -fèn(r) —份（儿） M: for newspaper (a complete issue) L8 fūren 夫人 N: lady, madame, Mrs.; wife L4 fúwùtái 服务台 N: service desk/counter L26 fúwúyuán 服务员 N: clerk, attendant, waiter L22 fúzhuāng 服装 N: apparel (clothes, shoes socks, boots, hats, etc.) L9 fúzhuāng-diàn 服装店 N: apparel store L9 fǔdǎo 辅导 V: to give guidance (in study or training), to assist, to aid, to tutor, to coach L14 fù 付 V: to pay L28 fùjìn 附近 N: nearby, in the vicinity L26 fùmǔ 父母 N: parents L9 fùqin 父亲 N: father L5 fùzé 负责 V: to be responsible for L16 gǎi 改 V: to alter, to correct, to revise L21 gǎizhèng 改正 V: to correct, to make corrections L21 gānjìng 干净 SV: to be clean L24 gāngbī 钢笔 N: pen, fountain pen (Lit. steel pen) (M: zhī) L7 gāngcái 刚才 MA: just now, just a few minutes ago, a short while ago L17 gāng(gang) 刚（刚） A: just this minute, just now (more immediate than gangcái)/ just, exactly, barely, only, just about L17 gāng(gang) hǎo 刚（刚）好 IE: just right, exactly right L17 gàosong/ gàosu 告沂 V: to tell, to let know L8 gāoxìng 高兴 SV: to be happy, to be glad, to be cheerful L16 gēge 哥哥 N: older brother L5 ge 个 M: (general measure for single person or thing) L5 gēr 歌儿 N: song(s) L15 gè- 各— BF/SP: each L18 gèrén 各人 SP-N: each person L18 gèwèi 各位 PH: all of you (ladies and gentlemen) L30 gèzhǒng 各种 SP-N: various kinds, each kind, all kinds L18 gěi 给 CV: for, to (for the benefit of) L13 gěi 给 V: to give L8 gēn 跟 C/CV: and/with L5 gēn 跟 CV: to, with L13 gēn...yíkuàir 跟……一块儿 PT: together with L12 gēn...jiè 跟……借 V: to borrow from L23 gèng 更 A: still more, even L25 gōngchǎng 工厂 N: factory L16 gōngchéng-shī 工程师 N: engineer L29 gōngdao 公道 SV: be fair, be just, be reasonable L25 gōngfu 工夫 N: leisure time L18 gōnggòngdiànhuà-jiān 公共电话间 N: public telephone booth (or box) L29 gōnggòng-qìchē 公共汽车 N: public bus (M: -liàng) L26 gònghéguó 共和国 N: republic L19 gōngkè 功课 N: studies, schoolwork, homework L24 gōngrén 工人 N: worker, laborer L16 gōngsī 公司 N: company, corporation L29 gōngyù 公寓 N: apartment, apartment house, rooming house (M: -dòng) L10 gōngyuán 公园 N: park L12 gōngyuán 公园 N: public park L20 gōngzuò 工作 V/N: to work/work L6 gòu 够 SV: to be enough, to be sufficient L21 guà 挂 V: to hang, to put up, to hang up (the telephone) L19 guà diànhuà 挂电话 PH: to hang up the telephone L19 guàhào 挂号 V/N: to register/registration L28 guǎi 拐 V: to turn L26 guān 关 V: to close, to shut L15 guānmén 关门 V0: to close a door, to close up (shop) L15 guān (shang) 关（上） V: to turn offf to close, to shut off L17 g1shang 关上 V: to turn off (electric switch, radior etc.) L22 -guǎn(r) —馆（儿） BF: ending for various public buildings, halls, etc. L8 guǎngbō 广播 V: to broadcast, to telecast L17 guǎngbō-yuán 广播员 N: announcer (radio/television) L17 guǎng-chǎng 广场 N: large square, huge field L20 guǎnfàn 广泛 SV: to be extensive, to be broad in scope L18 guì 贵 SV: to be expensive L7 guó 国 N: country L3 -guo —过 P: (experiential suffix to verbs) L20 guófáng 国防 N: national defense L15 Guófáng Yǔyán Xuéyuàn 国防语言学院 N: Defense Language Institute L15 Guófángbù 国防部 N: Department/Ministry of (National) Defense L15 guójiā-gōngyuán 国家公园 N: national park L20 guóqi 国旗 N: national flag L19 guò 过 N: to pass, to exceed, to cross over, to pass (clock time) L14 guòbàng 过磅 V: to weigh (on the scales) L27 guòdào 过道 N: aisle, passageway, corridor L27 Guòjiǎng! 过奖！ IE: You flatter me! L17 guòlai 过来 V: to come over (toward the speaker) L17 guòqu 过去 V/IE: to go over/to die, to pass away L17 guò rì zi 过日子 V0: to live, to get along, to budget daily expenses L20 hái 还 A: still, in addition L10 hái méi...ne 还没……呢 PT: haven't yet ... L12 háishi 还是 PT: or (in choice-type question) L4 háizi 孩子 N : child, children L5 hǎi 海 N: sea L26 hǎiguān 海关 N: customs, custom house L28 Hánguó 秤国 N: Korea L3 Hàn-Yīng Zìdiǎn 汉英字典 N: Chinese-English dictionary L6 r L7 Hànzì 汉字 N: Chinese characters L14 hángkōng-xìn 航空信 N: airmail L19 Hángzhōu 杭州 N: Hángzhōu (name of a famous city) L27 hǎo 好 SV: be fine, be well, be good L2 Hǎo a! 好啊！ IE: That's good! That's O.K. L8 hǎojǐ- 好几- NU: a good many (followed by measure), several L15 hǎojíle 好极了 IE: extremely good, wonderful L10 hǎokàn 好看 SV: to be pretty, handsome, good-looking attractice L9 hǎoxiàng 好象 A: it seems that, a good deal like L30 hǎoxiē 好些 NU-M: a good many (measure can be omitted), quite a few L15 -hào —号 M: date, date of the month, number of a house, etc. L6 -hào —号 N: (platform numbering in train stations) L20 hàomǎ(r) 号码（儿） N: number L23 hē 喝 V: to drink L9 hējiǔ 喝酒 VO: to drink (alcoholic beverages) L9 hēshuǐ 喝水 VO: to drink water L9 hé 和 C: and L7 Hé Lù-Míng 何路明 N: (a person's full name) L21 Héběi 河北 N: (a province in North China) L29 hétong 合同 N: contract L29 hēi 甲 SV: be black, be dark L25 hěn 很 A: very, quite L6 hěn hǎo 很好 PH: very good L6 Hěn jiǔ méijiàn 很久没见 IE: Haven't seen you for/in a long time., Long time no see L20 hóng 红 SV: red L22 hóngchá 红荼 N: black tea L22 hóngshāo 红烧 V: to braise with brown sauce L30 hóngshāoròu 红烧肉 N: braised pork with brown sauce L30 hòu 厚 SV: thick, rich or strong (wine) L28 hòubian(r) 后边（儿） N: rear (side), back, behind L21 hòujīshì 候机室 N: airport waiting room L27 hòulái 后来 MA: afterwards, later on L16 hòumiàn 后面 N: back, rear (side), behind L21 hòutiān 后天 TW: day after tomorrow L12 Hoùtiān jiàn 后天见 IE: See you day after tomorrow. L12 hòutou 后头 PosN: rear, at the back of, behind L6 hùzhào 护照 N: passport L25 huā 花 V: to spend L18 huāchá 花茶 N: scented tea, jasmine tea L22 huāpíng 花瓶 N: flower vase L28 huāqián 花钱 VO: to spend money L18 huā(r) 花（儿） N: flower L22 huà 话 N: speech/ language L8 huà 画 V: to paint, to draw (picture) L9 huàbào 画报 N: illustrated magazine or newspaper, pictorial L20 huàwùyuán 话务员 N: telephone operator L29 huàhuàr 画画儿 VO: to paint pictures L9 huàr 画儿 N: picture, painting (M: zhang) L9 Huáihǎi 淮海 N: name of a street L26 huài 坏 SV: to be out of order, to be broken, to be spoiled, to be bad L13 huānyíng 欢迎 V: to welcome L16 huán 还 V: to return, to give back (something borrowed) L23 huángei 还给 V: to return to L23 huàn 换 V: to change, to exchange L13 huáng 黄 SV: be yellow L25 -huí —回 M: (for occasions, times, etc.), L17 huídá 回答 V/N: to reply, to answer/reply, answer L14 huíjiā 回家 V0: to return home L13 huílai 回来 V: to return (toward the speaker), to come back L13 huíqu 回去 V: to return (away from the speaker), to go back L13 huíguó 回国 V0: to return to one's native country L27 huítiáo 回条 N: receipt L28 huì 会 AV: would, may, will (indicating probability) L13 huì 会 N: meeting, conference, convention, gathering, party L12 huì 会 AV: can (know how to) L7 huìhuà 会话 N: conversation (as in a language course) L14 huìyì 会议 N: conference L21 huìyìshì 会议室 N: conference room L21 huódòng 活动 V/N: to move about, to exercise/activity L16 huǒchē 火车 N: train L11 huò 贝 N: goods, commodities L26 huòshi 或是 CONJ: or, either (in statements only) L22 jī 鸡 N: chicken (M: -zhī) L30 jīhuì 机会 N: opportunity, chance L21 jīqì 机器 N: engine, machine L18 jīxiè 机械 N: machinery, mechanism(s) L18 -jíle —极了 BF: extremely L10 jíhé 集合 V: to assemble, to gather together L16 jǐ 几 NU: a few, some, several L7 jǐ-? 几—? QW: How many? (usually under ten) L5 Jǐhào? 几号？ QW/TW: What day of the month? L6 Jǐyuè? 几月？ QW/TW: Which month? L6 jìchéngchē 计程车 N: taxicab (Taiwan) L26 jìde 记得 V: to remember L22 jìhuà 计划 N/V: a plan/to plan L11 jìhuà lǚxíng 计划旅行 V0: to plan a trip L20 jìrán 既然 MA: since, now that L28 jìsuànjī 计算机 N: calculator L15 jìxìn 寄信 V0: to mail letters L19 jìxù 继续 AV: continue to L11 jiā 家 N: home, family L5 jiā 家 M: (for hotels, restaurants, shops, etc.) L7 jiāju 家具 N: furniture (M: jiàn, tào) L10 jiājudiàn 家具店 N: furniture store (M: jia) L10 jiāli 家里 N: in the home, in the family L5 Jiānádà 加拿大 N: Canada L4 Jiāzhōu 加州 N: California L3 jiàqian 价钱 N: price L29 jiān 间 M: (for rooms) L10 jiǎnchá 检查 V: to inspect, to check up L13 jiǎntīzì 简体字 N: short-form (simplified) characters L7 jiàn 见 V: to see, to meet (with) (more formal than kàn) L12 jiàn 件 M: a piece of, a matter of L9 jiànjian 见见 V: to pay a visit, to see L19 jiànkāng 健康 N/SV: health/to be healthy L24 jiǎng 讲 V: to speak, to talk (interchangeable with shuo) L17 jiǎnghuà 讲话 V0: to speak, to talk, to address L17 jiǎngjiě 讲解 V: to explain L14 jiaō 教 V: to teach L6 jiāogěi 交给 V: to hand over to, to give to L8 jiāoliú 交流 V: to exchange, to interchange L19 jiāoshū 教书 V0: to teach L6 jiǎo 脚 N: foot (M: -zhi) L23 jiào 叫 EV: to be called, to be named L2 jiào 叫 V: to order (dishes in a restaurant) L22 jiào 叫 V: to ask (someone to do something) or let (someone do something) L13 jiào 觉 BF: sleep L15 jiào/ràng...(gěi) 叫/让……（给） CV: by (agent marker) L29 jiàohào 叫号 V0: to call; calling for a phone number, to call station to station L29 jiàokēshū 教科书 N: textbook L28 jiàorén 叫人 V0: to call person to person (phone call) L29 jiàoshì 教室 N. classroom (M: -jian) L14 jiàoxuélóu 教学楼 N: classroom building, lecture hall L16 jiē 接 V: to receive, to answer L19 jiē 接 V: to answer (telephone) L22 jiē 接 V: to meet and pick up someone (at airport, train station, etc.) L12 jiē 街 N: street (M: -tiáo) L12 jiē diànhuà 接电话 V0: to answer the telephone, to take a telephone call L19,22 jiēqià 接洽 V: to contact, to arrange, to take up a matter with L30 jiēshang 街上 N: on the street L12 -jié —节 M: (for a class period) L14 jiémù 节目 N: program L18 jiézhàng 结账 V0: to settle an account, to check out (of a hotel) L25 jiěfàng 解放 V/N: to liberate/liberation L20 Jiěfàngjūn 解放军 N: Liberation Army L20 jiěfàngqū 解放区 N: liberation area (zone, district) L20 jiějie 姐姐 N: older sister L5 jiè 借 V: to borrow, to lend L23 jiègěi 借给 V: to lend to L23 jièshào 介绍 V: to introduce L16 jīnnián 今年 TW: this year L11 jīntiān 今天 TW: today L11 jīn 锦 SV: be bright and beautiful L30 jīnzhāng 紧张 SV: to be tense, to be nervous, to be keyed up L15 jìn 近 SV: be near L26 jìnchéng 进城 V0: to go into the city or town L29 jìnchūkǒu 进出口 N: imports and exports; entrances and exits L29 jìnkǒu 进口 N: imports, entrances L29 jìnlai 进来 V: to come in L17 jìnq 进去 V: to go in L17 jìnxíng 进行 V: to proceed, to engage in, to carry out L30 jīngjì 经济 N: economy, economics L27 jīngjìzuòr 经济座儿 N: economy seat L27 jīng(guo) 经（过） CV/V: by way of, go through, via L11 jīngyàn 经验 N: experience L19 jiǔ 九 NU: nine L2 jiǔyuè 九月 TW: September L6 jiǔ 久 BF: a long time L20 jiǔ 酒 N: alcoholic beverages L9 jiù 就 A: just, only L12 jiù 旧 SV: to be old, to be used (opposite of xīn) L10 Jiù nème bàn. 就那么办 IE: Do it that way. L13 Jiù zhème bàn. 就这么办 IE: Do it this way. L13 jiùshi 就是 A-EV: exactly, precisely (used for emphasis) L8 jiùshi...yě 就是……也 MA: even if ... nevertheless L26 jú 局 N: bureau, office L30 júzi 橘子 N: orange L22 júzishuǐ 橘子水 N: orange juice L22 -jù —句 Ms (for sentence) L22 jùlí 距离 N: distance L26 jùzi 句子 N: sentence L22 juéde 觉得 V: to feel (that) ... , to think L14 juéxīn 决心 V/N: to decide, to resolve/decision, L19 jūnrén 军人 N: military personnel, serviceman L15 kāfēi 咖啡 N: coffee L22 kāi chuānghu 开窗户 VO: to open the window L15 kāi qìchē 开汽车 VO: to drive a car L11 kāi yùndònghuì 开运动会 VO: to hold an athletic meet L16 kāiháng 开航 V/VO: to set sail; to become open for navigation L27 kāihuì 开会 VO/Vs to hold a meeting, to attend a meeting L12 kāikai 开开 V: to turn on (electric switch), to open L22 kāimén 开门 VO: to open the door L15 kāishī 开始 V: to start, to begin L12 kāixué 开学 VO: school starts, term begins L16 kàn 看 V: to read, to look at, to look L6 kàn bìng 看病 V0: (of a doctor) see a patient; (of a patient) see a doctor for diagnosis L24 kànbuqǐ 看不起 RV: cannot afford to see (movie, opera, etc.); to look down upon, despise L24 kàndeqǐ 看得起 RV: can afford to see (movie, opera, etc.); to look up to, to respect L24 kàn diànyǐng(r) 看电影（儿） V0: to watch a movie, to see a movie L21 kànjian 看见 V: to see, to perceive L12 kànshū 看书 V0: to read, to read a book L6 kànwánle 看完了 RV: have finished reading L21 kǎo 考 V: to test, to give or take an examination, to quiz L14 kǎoshì 考试 N: test, examination L14 kào 罪 V: near, by; to rely on, to lean against L27 kē 科 N: section ( a subdivision of an administrative unit) L29 kēxué 科学 N: science L30 kě 可 A: indeed L25 kěnéng 可能 SV: to be possible L13 kěshi 可是 MA: but, however L9 kěyi 可以 AV: can (permissible), O.K. L8 kè 课 N: subject, course, lesson, class L14 -kè —刻 N: (for a quarter of an hour) L14 kèqi 客气 SV/IE: to be polite, courteous L12 kèrén 客人 N: guest L19 kètīng 客厅 N: parlor, living room (M: -jian) kèshì 课室 N: classroom (M: jian) L14 kèwén 课文 N: text of a lesson L14 kěn 肯 AV: to be willing to L13 kōngqi tiáojiéqì 空气调节器 N: air conditioner L25 kǒngpà 恐怕 A: be afraid that, probably L25 kǒudàir 口袋儿 N: pocket L29 kū 哭 V: to cry, to weep L30 kuài 快 SV/A: to be fast, to be quick/be about to, almost, soon L15 kuàichē 快车 N: express train/bus L20 kuàichēpiào 快车票 N: express train/bus ticket L20 kuàixìn 快信 N: express mail, special delivery L19 kuàiyào 快要 A: to be about to (imminent) L15 -kuài (qián) —块（钱） N: dollar L7 kuaìzi 筷子 N: chopsticks (M: shuāng) L8 kuān 宽 SV/N: be wide, be broad/width L29 là 辣 SV: be hot (peppery) L30 lái 来 V: to come, to come to L10 lái 来 V: to send, to call L29 láidejí 来得及 RV: There is enough time. L28 láihuípiào 来回票 N: round-trip ticket L27 lán 蓝 SV: be blue L25 lǎn 懒 SV: be lazy L26 láodòng 劳动 V/N: to work physically/manual labor L17 Láodòngjié 劳动节 N: Labor Day L17 lǎo 老 SV: to be old L13 lǎo (after a surname) 老 N: (a respectful term used to address an older person) L13 lǎo (before a surname) 老 N: (a casual term used to address a close friend) L13 lǎo 老 A: always (doing something) L20 lǎojiā 老家 N: original home L4 lǎo(shi) 老（是） A: always L30 lǎoshī 老师 N: teacher L8 -le —了 P: (marker of completed action) L12 -le —了 P: (marker of change of status,usually signified by now in English translation; "no longer" or "no more" in negative sentence L13 lèi 累 SV: be tired L26 lěng 冷 SV: be cold L25 lěngqì 冷气 N: air conditioning (cold air) L25 lí 离 CV: from (be separated from) L26 líkāi 离开 V: leave L11 lǐ 里 M: a Chinese mile (1/3 mile) L26 -lǐ —里 PosN: in ..., inside ... L5 lǐbiān(r) 里边（儿） N: inside L21 lǐmiàn 里面 N: inside L21 lǐtou/lǐ 里头/里 PosN: inside, within L6 lìkè (jiù) 立刻（就） A: immediately, at once L15 lìhai 利害 SV: be fierce, be terrible, be severe L25 lián...yě (or dōu) 连……也（都） PT: even ... L18 liǎn 脸 N: face (human) L24 liànxí 练习 V/N: to practice/exercise, drill L14 liǎng 两 NU: two, couple of L5 liǎngdiǎn (zhōng) 两点（钟） TW: two o'clock L14 liàng 亮 SV: be light or be bright (Opp. of dark) L25 liǎojiě 了解 V: to understand, to comprehend L19 -liǎo —了 RVE: shows capability for doing and/or carrying through to completion (the ending -liǎo appears only in the potential type.) L26 líng 零 NU: zero L2 língqián 零钱 N: small change L27 lǐngshì 领事 N: consul L26 lǐngshìquǎn 领事馆 N: consulate L26 liú 田 V: to keep, to set aside, to detain, to save L27 liù 六 NU: six L2 liùdiǎn guò yíkè 六点过一刻 TW: a quarter past six L14 lóu 楼 N: storied building, story, floor L16 lóufáng 楼房 N: building with two or more stories L16 lóushàng 楼上 PW/N: upstairs L21 lóutī 楼梯 N: stairs L21 lóuxià 楼下 PW/N: downstairs L21 lǚguǎn 旅馆 N: hotel L25 lǚkè 旅客 N: traveler, passenger L27 lǚxíng 旅行 V/N: to travel/travel L20 lǚxíng jìhuà 旅行计划 N: a travel plan L20 lǚxíng zhīpiào 旅行支票 N: traveler's check L20 lǚxíngshè 旅行社 N: travel agency L20 lù 路 N/M: road/route L26 lùkoǔr 路口儿 N: intersection, crossing L26 lùshang 路上 PW/A: on the road/en route L27 lùxiálai 录下来 V: to record (on tape) L22 lùyīnjī 录音机 N: tape recorder L22 lùyīngjī/lùxiàngjī 录影机/录像机 N: video recorder L22 luòshí 落实 V: to confirm, to make sure, to carry out, to fulfill L27 ma 吗 P: (question marker) L2 māma 妈妈 N: mama, mother L22 máfan 麻烦 SV/V/N: to be troublesome/to trouble, to bother/trouble L9 mǎ 马 N: horse (M: pǐ) L18 mǎshàng 马上 A: right away, at once L19 mǎi 买 V: to buy L7 mǎibuqǐ 买不起 RV: cannot afford to buy L24 mǎideqǐ 买得起 RV: can afford to buy L24 mǎimai 买卖 N: business L9 mài 卖 V: to sell, to sell for L7 màigèi 卖给 V: to sell to... L8 mǎn 满 SV/V: be full, be packed/to fill L25 màn 慢 SV: to be slow L15 mànchē 慢车 N: local train/bus (Lit. slow train) L20 màndiǎnr zhǒu! 慢点儿走！ IE: Don't go yet! Stay! Wait a minute! Take your time! Good-bye! Take care ! L17 máng 忙 SV: to be busy, to be in a hurry L12 mángsǐle 忙死了 PH: extremely busy (metaphorical "busy to death") L24 -máo(qián) —毛（钱） N: dimes L7 máobǐ 毛笔 N: (Chinese) brush pen (M: zhī) L7 máobing 毛病 N: malfunction, breakdown, defect L18 méi- 没— P/A: (non-functional negative prefix to verbs) L20 méi- 没— PT: (marker of negative or completed action) L12 méicháchúlai 没查出来 RV: failed to find out L23 méikànwán 没看完 RV: haven't finished reading L21 msíshenme 没什么 IE: It's nothing. L13 méishōudào 没收到 RV: haven't received it, didn't receive it L21 méiwèntí 没问題 IE/SV: no problem, no trouble/ to have no problem L13 méixīwàng 没希望 SV: to be hopeless f without hope L21 méi yìsi 没意思 sv/vo: to be dull/ no fun/meaningless L23 méixiǎngdào 没想到 RV/IE: didn't expect/unexpected L29 méixiěxialai 没写下来 RV: to have not written down L22 méiyǒu 没有 V: don't have, haven't, there isn't, there aren't L5 méi(you) gōngfu 没（有）工夫 SV/VO: to be busy/to have free time L18 méi(you)-shì 没（有）事 IE/VO: to be free (not busy) L12 méiyòng 没用 SV: to be useless L7 měi 每 SP: each, every L8 měige 每个 SP-M: each one L8 Měiguó 美国 N: USA, America L6 Měiguó Yínháng 美国银行 N: Bank of America L3 měihuí (měicì) 每回（每次） SP-M: each time L17 Měijīn 美金 N: American currency (Lit. American gold) L29 mèimei 妹妹 N: younger sister L5 mèirén 每人 N: each person, everyone L8 měitiān 每天 SP-M: every day L8 měiwèi 每位 SP-M: each person (polite form, -wèi polite measure for individuals) L8 men 们 P: (suffix indicating plural number of pronouns) L3 mén 门 N: door (M: -ge) L15 méntīng 门厅 N: entrance hall, lobby L27 miǎnpiào 命西7C不 N: pass, free ticket, courtesy ticket L20 -miàn —面 N: -side L21 mínháng/mínyòng hángkōng 民航/民用航空 N: civil aviation L27 míngbai 明白 SV/V/RVE: to be clearf obvious, plain/to understand, realize, know L23 míngnián 明年 TW: next year L11 míngtiān 明天 TW: tomorrow L11 míngzi 名字 N: given name L2 mófàn 模范 N: model, fine example L18 mǔqin 母亲 N: mother L5 ná 拿 V: to take, to bring (hold in the hand) L22 nábudòng 拿不动 RV: not be able to carry (the load) L24 nádedòng 拿得动 RV: be able to carry (the load) L24 nálai 拿来 V: to bring (it) here L22 náqu 拿去 V: to take (it) away, to take (it) over there L22 názǒu 拿走 V: to take (it) away L27 náli? 哪里？ QW/PW: where? L15 náli 哪里 IE: not at all L5 nálide? 哪里的？ QW/PW: from where? L5 nǎr?/nǎrde? 哪儿？觸儿的？ N: where? L3 nàli 那里 PW: there L5 nàlide 那里的 PW: from there L5 nàme 那么 IE/A: thus, then, in such a way/in such way, in that way L11 nàr (nèr) 那儿 N: there L4 nàrde/nèrde 那儿的/那儿 N: (from) there L4 nán 男 BF: male (used with persons) L5 nán 难 SV: to be difficult, to be hard to do, to be troublesome L14 Nán Cháoxiǎn(Nán Hán) 南朝鲜（南韩） N: South Korea L3 Nán Měi(zhōu) 南美（洲） N: South America L27 nánchī 难吃 PH: to be difficult to eat, to be bad tasting, to be unpalatable L14 nánde 男的 N: male person(s) L5 nánháizi 男孩子 N: boy (Lit. male child) L5 nánhuà 难画 PH: to be difficult to paint L14 Nánjīng 南京 N: Nanking L26 nánkàn 难看 PH: to be ugly, to be unsightly (hard to look at) L14 nánshuō 难说 PH/SV: It's hard to say. You never can tell/to be hard to say L14 nánxiě 难写 PH: to be hard to write L14 ne 呢 P: (question marker) L2 něi-? 哪—? SP: which? L3 něicì? 哪次？ PH: Which time? L8 něiguó? 哪国？ PH: which country? L3 něinián? 哪年？ TW/QW: which year? L6 nèi/nà 那 SP: that (one) L6 nèicì 那次 PH: that time L8 nèige/nàge 那个 SP-M: that L6 nèijītiān 那几天 TW: those several days L13 nèixiē 那些 SP-NU: those L10 nèiyàng (nàyàng) 那样 A/N: that way, in that manner L21 néng 能 AV: can, be capable of L9 nǐ 你 PN: you L1 Nǐ hǎo a? 你好啊？ IE: How are you? L2 Nǐ kàn! 你看！ IE: Look! Look here/there L6 Nǐ kàn ne? 你看呢？ IE: What do you think? L6 nǐmen dàjiā 你们大家 N: all of you L8 nián 年 M: (for years), year L6 niàn 念 V: to study, to read (aloud) L14 niànshū 念书 V0: to study, to attend school L14 nín 你 PN: you (singular) (polite) L2 Nín guìxìng? 您贵姓？ IE: What is your (honorable) surname? L2 niúròu 牛肉 Ns beef L30 Niǔyuēshi 纽约市 N: New York City L4 Niǔyuēzhōu 纽约州 N: New York State L4 nǚ 女 BF: female (used with persons) L5 nǚde 女的 Ns female persons L5 nǚháizi 女孩子 N: girl (Lit. female child) L5 nǚshì 女士 N: Ms, Ma'am L5 nuǎnqì 暧气 N: central heating (warm air) L25 ò 喔！ EX: Oh! L8 pà 怕 V: to fear L25 pángbiān(r) 旁边（儿） N: side L6 pàng 胖 SV: be fat, be plump (Opp. of shòu) L3D pǎo 跑 V: to run, to run away L28 péi 陪 V: to accompany, escort L24 pèi 配 V: to mate, to mix, to compound, to match, to arrange (select dishes to suit one's taste) L22 péngyou 朋友 N: friend L5 píjiǔ 睥酒 N: beer L9 píxié 皮鞋 N: leather shoes L9 -piān —篇 M: (for compositionsr articles, periodicals, etc.) L21 piányi 便宜 SV: to be inexpensive L7 piào 西不 N: ticket L20 píngjūn 平均 MA: on the average L16 píngxìn 平信 N: ordinary mail (surface mail) L19 píng 瓶 N: bottle(s) of L9 píngzi 瓶子 M: bottle L9 pǔtōng 贅通 SV/MA: to be common, ordinary/ordinarily L20 pǔtōngkuàichē 普通快车 N: (ordinary/regular) express train/bus L20 Pǔtōnghuà 普通话 N: Chinese-Mandarin (PRC expression) L20 pù 铺 BF/N: shop/store L9 pùzi 铺子 N: store, shop L9 qī 七 NU: seven L2 qí 骑 V: to ride (astride) L18 qí mǎ 骑马 V0: to ride a horse, to be on horse back L18 qí zìxíngchē 骑自行车 V0: to ride on a bicycle, to ride astride a bicycle L18 qíguài 奇怪 SV: to be strange, odd, peculiar L22 -qǐ —起 V: to rise, to get up, to stand up to begin, to start L14 -qǐ —起 RVE: to be able to afford to L24 qǐchuáng 起床 V: to get up (from bed) L14 qǐfēi 起飞 V: to take off (plane) L27 -qǐlai —起来 RVE: (indicating movement or beginning of a movement upward) L13 qǐlai 起来 V: to stand up, to sit up, to rise to one's feet L14 qìchē 汽车 N: automobile (M: bù, liàng) L11 qìshuǐ 汽水 N: soda, soft-drink L9 qiān 千 NU: 1000 L5 qiānbǐ 铅笔 N: lead pencil (M: zhi) L7 qiān 钱 N: money L7 qiánbian 前边 N: in front, ahead, preceding L16 qiánbian(r) 前边（儿） N: front (side), in front L21 qiánjītiān 前几天 N: a few days ago L25 qiánmiàn 前面 N: in front, front (side) L21 qiántiān 前天 TW: day before yesterday L12 qiántou 前头 PosN: front, in front (of) L6 qiányìtiān 前一天 MA/N: the day before L27 qiáng 墙 N: wall L19 qiǎokèlì 巧克力 N: chocolate L26 qīng 清 SV: be clear, be unmixed L30 qīngchu 清楚 SV: be clear, distinct (in meaning, writing, vision, etc.) L24 Qīngdǎo 青岛 N: (a city in Shandong, China) L3 Qīngdòu 青豆 N: green pea? green soya bean L30 qīngdòu chǎoniùròu 青豆炒牛肉 N: beef sauteed with green peas L30 qīngzhēngyú 青蒸鱼 N: steamed fish (whole) L30 qíngkuàng 情况 N: circumstances, situation, condition, state of affairs L15 qǐng 请 V: to ask (someone to do something) L13 qǐng zuò 请坐 IE: Please sit down L11 qǐngkè 请客 VO: to give a party (Lit. to invite guests) L30 qǐngwèn 请问 PH: May I ask ... L4 qù 去 V: to send, to call L29 qù 去 V: to go, to go to L8 qùnián 去年 TW: last year L11 quàn 劝 V: to persuade L27 ránhòu 然后 CONJ: afterwards, after that, then L16 ràng 让 V: to let (someone do something) L13 rè 热 SV: be hot L25 rèqíng 热情 SV: to be enthusiastic, warmhearted L18 rénmín 人民 N: the people L17, L19 Rénmín-Dàhuìtáng 人民大会堂 N: Great Hall of The People L20 rénrén 人人 N: everyone, everybody L23 rènwù 任务 N: mission, duty, assignment L30 rènde 认得 V: to recognize, to know L20 rènshì 认识 V/N: to recognize, to know, to understand/understanding L20 rēng 扔 V: to throw, to toss, to cast L29 rì 日 M/N: date, day of the month L6 Rìběn 曰本 N: Japan L3 rìjì 日记 N: diary L21 rìzi 日子 N: a special day, a day L20 Rìzi guòde zhēn kuài! 日子过得真快！ IE: Time flies! L20 róngyi 容易 SV: to be easy L14 róngyi bàn 容易办 PH: easy to handle L14 róngyi kàn 容易看 PH: easy to read L14 róngyi liànxi 容易练习 PH: easy to practice L14 róngyi shuō 容易说 PH: easy to say L14 róngyi xiě 容易写 PH: easy to write L14 ròu 肉 N: meat L30 rúguǒ 如果 MA: if, in case, in the event of L19 sān 三 NU: three L2 sāndiǎnyíkè 三点一刻 TW: a quarter after three L14 sāndiǎnbàn (zhōng) 三点半（钟） TW: three thirty L14 Sānfānshì 三藩市 N: San Francisco L28 sān-sìyuè 三四月 TW: March or April L11 shān 山 N: mountain, hill L9 Shāndōng 山东 N: a Chinese province L3 shānshuǐ 山水 N: mountains and water, scenery L9 shānshuǐhuàr 山水画儿 N: landscape (painting) L9 shāngdiàn 商店 N: store, shop (M: jia) L9 shāngwù 商务 N: commercial or business affairs L30 shǎngguāng 赏光 VO: to thank or ask someone for his/her company L30 shàng 上 V: to go to, to go up, to attend L6 shàng fēijī 上飞机 V0: to board an airplane L16 shàngbān 上班 V0: to go to work (a shift) L17 shàngchē 上车 V0: to get into (on) a car, tram, bus,etc. L16 shàngchuán 上船 V0: to board a boat or ship L16 shàngcì 上次 N: last time L10 Shànghǎi 上海 N: a Chinese city L3 shàngjiē 上街 V0.: to go into the street, to go downtown L29 shàng(ge)-xīngqiwǔ 上（个）星期五 TW: Friday of last week L12 shànggeyuè 上个月 TW: last month L10 shànghuí(shàngcì) 上回（上次） SP-M: last time L17 shàngkè 上课 V0: to go to class L14 shànglai 上来 V: to come up (toward the speaker) L17 shànglóu 上楼 V0: to go upstairs L21 shàngqu 上去 V: to go up L17 shàngtou/-shàng 上头/—上 POSN: top, on tup (of)f above L6 shàngxué 上学 V0: to go to school, to attend school L6 shàngwǔ 上午 TW: forenoon L11 shàngyī 上衣 N: jacket L30 sháor 勺儿 N: spoon L8 shǎo 少 SV/NU: to be few or little in quantity L9 shèbèi 设备 N: equipment, installation,facilities L18 shéi? 谁？ QW/PN: who?, whom?/who, whom Ll shēntī 身体 N: human body L24 shénme 什么? QW/PN: what?/what Ll shénmede 什么的 N: and so on L23 shēng 生 V: to be born, to give birth L6 shēngcí 生词 N: new word, new vocabulary L14 shēnghuó 生活 N: life L15 shēngmìng 生命 N: life L24 shēngri 生日 N: birthday L6 shēngzì 生字 N: new word, new character L14 shēng(yīn) 声（音） N: sound, voice, noise L15 shīfu 师傅 N: master of a trade L13 shí 十 NU: ten L2 shífēn 十分 A: extremely, 100 percent L18 shíhou 时候 N: time L11 shíjiān 时间 N: time L15 shípǔ/càipǔ 食谱凍谱 N: cookbook (recipes book) L9 shíxí 实习 V/N: to practice/practice L16 shíxíhuódòng 实习活动 N: practical activity, field trip L16 shítáng 食堂 N. dining hall L15 shì 是 EV: to be (am, is, are), yes, OK L1 Shì zěnme huí shì? 是怎么回事？ IE: What's it all about? L17 shì(qing) 事（情） N: affair, matter, thing, business (M: jiàn) L12 shōu 收 V: to collect, to receivef, to accept L10 shōudàole 收到了 RV: received (actual-positive case) L21 shōupiāo-yuán 收票员 N: ticket taker or collector L20 shōuqián 收钱 V0: to collect money L10 shōuqiánde 收钱的 N: cashier L10 shōushi 收拾 V: to put in order, to tidy, to repair L27 shōuyīnjī 收音机 N: radio (M, -bù) L13 shǒu 手 N: hand (human) (M: -zhī) L23 shǒutí-xiāng 手提箱 N: suitcase L25 shǒuxù 手续 N: procedures L27 shòupiào-chù 售票处 N: ticket box office L27 shòupiào-yuán 售票员 N: ticket seller, ticket office clerk L20 shòu 痩 SV: be thin, be lean (Opp. of pàng) L30 shū 书 N: book L6 shūdiàn 书店 N: bookstore (M: jiā) L7 shūfáng 书房 N: study room L29 shūfu 舒服 SV: be comfortable, feel well L25 shūmíng 书名 N: title of a book, book-title L23 shūjiàzi 书架子 N: book-shelf L10 shūpù 书铺 N: bookstore, bookshop L9 shūzhuō(r) 书桌（儿） N: desk (M: -zhāng) L10 shuāng 双 M: (a) pair of L9 shuāngrén-fáng 双人房 N: room for two persons L25 shuǐ 水 N: water L9 shuì 税 N: tax L28 shuì 唾 V: to sleep L15 shuìjiào 唾觉 V0: to sleep (Lit. sleep sleep) L15 shuō 说 V: to speak, to talk, to say L8 shuōhà 说话 V0: to speak, to talk, to say L8 sǐ 死 V: to die L24 sì 四 NU: four L2 sige cài 四个菜 N: four-course meal, four dishes L8 sìtàojiān 四套间 N: a four-room suite L25 sòng 送 V: to present (a gift), to give (a gift) T9 sòng 送 V: to deliver, to carry L17 sòngbàode 送报的 N: newspaper carrier L17 sònggei 送给 V: to present to, to give to L9 sù 素 N: vegetable (Opp. of meat) L30 sùshíjīn 素什锦 N: assorted vegetables L30 sùshè 宿舍 N: dormitory L22 suān 酸 SV: be sour L30 suānlà-tāng 酸辣汤 N: hot and sour soup L30 suàn 算 V: to consider, to calculate,, to figure out L10 suàn-chulai 算出来 RV: to figure out L25 suànshang 算上 RV: to include in, to count in L25 suīrán...kěshì 虽然可是 PT: although (though) ... (but) ... L18 suíbiàn 随便 SV/A: to be casual, to be informal/as one wishes L18 suíshēn-(dài) 随身（带） PH: (carry) on one's person, (take) with one L27 suì 岁 M/N: age (years of age) L20 suìshu(r) 岁数（儿） N: age L20 suǒyǐ 所以 MA: so, therefore, as a result L12 suǒyǒude 所有的 N: all L25 tā 他 PN: he, she, (it) L1 tāmen dàjiā 他们大家 N: all of them L8 Táiwān 台湾 N: Taiwan (Formosa) L7 tài 太 A: too, excessively L6 tàitai 太太 N: Mrs., wife, married woman, lady L1 tán 谈 V: to chat, to converse, to talk L11 tāng 汤 N: soup L8 tāngsháor 汤勺儿 N: soup spoon (ladle or small spoon) L8 táng 糖 N: sugar, candy L2 tào 套 M: a set of, a suit of L9 tèbié 特别 SV/A: to be strange, to be unusual, to be special/specially L20 tèbié-chēpiào 特别车票 N: special express train/bus ticket L20 tèbié-kuàichē 特别快票 N: special express (train/bus) L20 tèkuài 特快 N: special express (short form for tèbié-kuàichē) L20 téng 疼 SV/N: to be painful/pain, ache L24 tì 替 CV: for (in one's place), on behalf of L13 Tiānānmén 天安门 N: Gate of Heavenly Peace (Beijing) L20 Tiānnānmén-Guǎngchǎng 天安门广场 N: Great Square of the Gate of Heavenly Peace, Tian An Men Square L20 tiānxiàn 天线 N: antenna L13 tián 填 V: to fill in L28 tiánbào 填报 V: to fill in (a form) L28 tīng 听 V: to listen, to hear L16 -tīng —厅 BF/N: hall L10 tīng budǒng 听不懂 V: can't understand L16 tīngdǒngle 听懂了 V: to have understood (through listening) L16 tīngjian 听见 V: to hear L17 tīngshuō 听说 IE: I heard (that ...) L9 tíng 停 V: to stop L27 tōng 通 V/RVE: to open, to pass through/to get through L29 tōng-diànhuà 通电话 PH: to put through a phone call L29 tóngbān 同班 N: classmate (M: -ge, -wèi) L14 tóngshì 同事 N: co-worker, colleague L13 tóngxué 同学 N: schoolmate (M: -ge, -wèi) L14 tóngzhì 同志 N: comrade L1 tóu 头 PosN: positional noun ending (localizer) L6 tóu- 头— SP: the first L17 tóu 头 N: head L24 tóuděng-zuò(r) 头等座 N: first-class seat L27 tóuliǎngcì (tóuliǎnghuí) 头两次（头两回） N: the first two times L17 tóutòng (tóuténg) 头痛（头疼） SV/VO: to have a headache/headache L24 toùshì 透视 V/N: fluoroscopy, roentgenoscopy (x-ray scan) L24 túshūguǎn 图书馆 N: library L23 túshūguǎn guǎnlǐguán 图书馆管理员 N: librarian L23 tuì 退 N: to return, to give back L25 tuō 脱 V: to take off (clothes, shoes and socks) L30 tuōyùn 托运 V: to consign for shipment, to check baggage L27 wàibian(r) 外边（儿） N: outside L21 wàiguó 外国 N: foreign country L30 wàiguórén 外国人 N: foreigner L30 wàimiàn 外面 N: outside L21 wàitou/wài 外头/外 PosN: outside, outside (of) L6 wán 完 V: to complete, to be finished, to end L16 wánr 玩儿 V: to play, to have fun L30 wǎn 晚 SV: to be late L15 wǎn 碗 N: bowl L24 wǎnfàn 晚饭 N: evening meal, dinner L12 wǎnshang 晚上 TW: evening L12 wàn 万 NU: 10000 L5 wànyī 万一 CV: just in case, if by any chance L27 wàng/wǎng 往 CV: towards L26 wàng 忘 V: to forget L22 wèi 位 M: polite for persons, individuals L8 Wèishénm? 为什么？ MA: Why? L12 wèi (wéi) 喂 IE: hello (used in telephone greeting) L22 wén 文 BF/N: written language/language L9 wénhuà 文化 N: culturer civilization L18 wèn 问 V: to ask L13 wèn...hǎo 问……好 IE: to inquire after someone's welfare L30 wèntí 问題 N: question, problem L13 wǒ 我 PNs I, me L1 wǒmen dàjiā 我们大家 N: all of us L8 wòchē 卧车 N: sleeping car, sleeper L27 wòfáng 卧房 N: bedroom (M: -jian) L10 wòpù 卧铺 N: sleeping berth L27 wūzi 屋子 N: room L25 wúxiàndiàn 无线电 N: radio, wireless L17 wǔ 五 NU: five L2 wǔfǎn 午饭 N: noon meal, lunch L12 xīcān 西餐 N: Western-style food (meals) L8 xīwàng 希望 V/N: to hope, to wish, to expect/hope L21 xǐ 洗 V: to wash L24 xǐhuan 喜欢 V/AV: to like/like to L9 xǐzǎo 洗澡 VO: to take a bath L10 xǐzǎofáng 洗澡房 N: bathroom L10 xì 系 N: department (in an academic institution) L15 -xià —下 M: (for an action) (Note that in this case the meaning for yíxià and -yí is the same.) L24 xià fēijī 下飞机 V0: to get off an airplane L16 xià juéxīn 下决心 V0: to make one's mind, to be determined, to vow to L19 xxiàbān 下班 V0: to ge out of classr to leave work (a shift) L17 xiàchē 下车 V0: to get off (out of ) a car, tram, bus, etc. L16 xiàchuán 下船 V0: to get off a boat or ship L16 xiàcì 下次 N: next time L10 xià(ge)-xīngāiwǔ 下（个）星期五 Friday of next week L12 xiàgeyuè 下个月 TW: next month L10 xiàhuí 下回 SP-M: next time L17 xiàkè 下课 V0: to get out of class L14 xiàlai 下来 V: to come down (toward the speaker) L17 xiàlóu 下楼 VO: to go downstairs L21 xiàqu 下去 V: to go down L17 xiàtou/xià 下头/T PosN: bottom,, at the bottom of, below L6 xiàwǔ 下午 TW: afternoon L11 xiān 先 A: first (to do something) L11 xiān...zài... 先……再…… PATT: first ... then ... L11 xiānsheng 先生 N: Mr., sir, husband, teacher L1 xiànzài 现在 MA: now L4 Xiānggǎng 香港 PW: Hong Kong L11 xiāngxia 乡下 N: countryside L24 xiǎng 想 V/AV: to think about or off to long for, to miss/to intend to L7 xiǎng(yi)-xiǎng 想一想 V: to think it over L7 xiàng 向 CV/BF: towards L30 xiàng 像 AV/SV: resemble/be alike L30 xiāoxi 消息 N: news, information L17 xiǎo 小 SV: be small, be little L6 xiǎo 小 N: (a casual term used to address an acquaintance who is of the same generation but younger or smaller) L13 Xiǎo Ān 小安 N: Little An (a nickname) L21 Xiǎo Hé 小何 N: (nickname of Hé Lù-Míng) L21 xiǎochīdiàn 小吃店 N: snack bar, lunch room L26 xiǎofèi 小费 N: tip, gratuity L25 xiǎoháizi 小孩子 N: small child(ren) L6 xiáojie 小姐 N: Missf lady, daughter (polite) L1 xiǎokǎo 小考 N: midterm examination, quiz L14 xiǎomàibù 小卖部 N: snack counter, refreshment room, variety shop L26 Xiǎomèi 小妹 IE: Little sister L22 xiǎoshēng 小声 PH: low voice, soft voice, whisper L15 xiǎoxīn 小心 SV/V: be careful/to look out for L29 xiǎoxué 校学 N: elementary school L23 xiǎozìtiáo-(r) 小字条（X） N: a scrap of paper L29 xiào 笑 V: to smile, to laugh, to laugh at L30 xiàochē 校车 N: school bus, school vehicle (M: -liàng, -bù) L16 xiàozhǎng 校长 N: head of a school L8 xiē 些 NU: several, some L10 xié 鞋 N: shoes (M: shuang-pair/ zhi single) L9 xiépù 鞋铺 N: shoe store L9 xiě 写 V: to write L7 xiědào 写到 PH: write (lessons, text, etc.) up to L14 xiěxialai-le 写下来了 RV: to have written down L22 xièxie 谢谢 IE: Thank you. L2 xīn 心 N: heart L27 xīn 新 SV: to be new (opposite of jiù) L10 Xīnhuá 新华 N: New China L17 Xīnhuá-Xīnwénshè 新华新闻社 N: New China News Agency (NCNA) L17 xīnwén 新闻 N: news L8 xīnwénshè 新闻社 N: news agency L17 xìn 信 N: letter (mail) (M: -feng) L19 xìnfēng 信封 N: envelope L28 xìnr 信儿 N: message L29 xìntǒng 信筒 N: mailbox L28 xìnxiāng 信箱 N: mailbox L28 xìnzhī 信纸 N: letter paper L28 xīngqī 星期 N: week L12 xīngqī'èr 星期二 TW: Tuesday L12 xīngqīliù 星期六 TW: Saturday L12 xīngqīrì 星期日 TW: Sunday L12 xīngqīsān 星期三 TW: Wednesday L12 xīngqīsì 星期四 TW: Thursday L12 xīngqīwǔ 星期五 TW: Friday L12 xīngqīyī 星期一 TW: Monday L12 xíng 行 SV: to be O.K., to be fine L13 xīngli 行李 N: bagqaqe (M: jiàn) L25 xínglipiào 行李票 N: baggage ticket L25 xìng 姓 N/EV: to be surnamed L1 xiūlǐ 修理 V: to repair L18 xiūlǐshǎng 修理厂 N: repair plant L18 xiūlǐdiàn 修理店 N: repair shop L18 xiūlǐzhàn 修理站 N: service station, service center L18 xiūxi 休息 V: to rest, to take a break L18 xūyào 需要 V/N: to needfto require/need, requirment L10 xué/xuéxí 学/学习 V: to study L6 xuéhǎo 学好 V: to learn well L19 xuésheng 学生 N: student(s) L6 xuéxiào 学校 N: school (when abbreviated, it is shown as xué) L6 xuéyuàn 学院 N: institute, college, academy L15 yáncháng 延长 V: to lengthen, to extend, to prolong L29 yánjiū 研究 V: to study, to do research L18 yǎnjing 眼睛 N: eye L24 yǎn 演 V: to show, to perform, to play, to act, to put on (a play) L21 yǎndiànyǐng(r) 演电影（儿） V0: to show films or movies L21 yqng4zi 样子 N: appearance, style, pattern, kind L20 yāo 幺 ND: one (used in place of yī room number, telephone numbers) L25 yào 药 N: medicine, drugs L24 yào 要 V/AV: to want/to want to L7 yàofāngr 药方儿 N: prescription L24 yàofáng 药房 N: pharmacy, drug store, dispensary L24 yàopù 药铺 N: drug store, herb (medicinal) store L24 yàoshuǐ 药水 N: medicine (liquid) L24 yàoburán 要不然 MA: otherwise L27 yàobushi 要不是 MA: if not L27 yàojīn 要紧 SV: to be important L8 yàoshi 西曰安疋 MA: if L13 yàoshi...jiù 要是...就 PH: if ... then L13 yě 也 A: also, too, either L4 yěbù..yěbù 也不……也不 A: neither ... nor L30 yěxǔ 也许 MA: perhaps L19 yè 夜 N: night L25 yèlǐ 夜里 MA/N:NU: night time, during the night one L25 yī 一 NU: one L2 yī...jiù ……就 PT: as soon as L22 yīfu/yīshang 衣服/衣裳 N: clothes L9 yījiǔsānbānián 一九三八 TW: 1938 L6 yīshēng 医生 N: doctor (M.D.) L24 yīwùsuǒ 医务所 N: clinic L24 yīyuàn 医院 N: hospital L24 yíbù 一步 NU/M: one step L30 yídìng 一定 A: certainly, definitely necessarily, surely L15 yídìng bu 一定不 A: definitely won't..., certainly won't L15 yīdìng yào 一疋要 A: certainly will, definitely will, insist on L15 yíge 一个 A: the same L20 yīgòng 一共 MA: altogether,, in all (total) L7 yíjiàn yīfu 一件衣服 M: a piece of clothing L9 yíkuàir 一块儿 A: together L6 yílù píngān —路平安 IE: have a pleasant journey L27 yíqì 仪器 N: instrument, device (science engineering, etc., not musical) L13 yíqiè 一切 SP: everything, all L21 yítàoshū 一套书 NU-M N: a set of books L9 yítào yīfu 一套衣服 NU-M M: a suit of clothes L9 yíxià 一下 NU-M: for a while, once, one time L13 yíyàng 厂样 A/SV: equally, similarly, be the same, be alike L25 yīhòu 以后 MA: later on, afterwards, later L14 ...yǐhòu ……以后 PH: after ... L14 yǐjīng 已经 A: already L12 yǐqián 以前 MA: formerly, previously, before L14 ...yǐqián ……以前 PH: ...ago, before ... L14 yǐzi 椅子 N: chair (M: -bǎ) L10 yìdiǎnr 一点儿 NU: a little bit L13 yìhuǐr —会儿 TW: a moment, a short while L23 Yìhuǐr jiàn 一会儿见 IE: See you later., See you in a while L23 yìpiān rìjì —篇日记 N: an entry in a diary (a page) L21 Yìguó/Yìdàlì 意国/意大利 N: Italy L26 yìqì 一起 A: together (in the same place) L14 yìshuāng kuàizi 一双筷子 NU-M N: a pair of chopsticks L9 yìshuāng xié 一双鞋 NU-M/N: a pair of shoes L9 yìsi 意思 N: meaningr idea L23 yìtiān dào wǎn 一天到晚 PH: from morning till night, all day long L30 yìwù 义务 N: duty, obligation L17 yìwùjiàoyù 义务教育 N: compulsory education L17 yìwùláodòng 义务劳动 N: voluntary labor L17 yì zhí 一直 A: straight ahead, direct, continuously, all along, right up to now, always L26, L27 yīnwèi 因为 MA: because L9 yínháng 银行 N: bank (financial institution) L6 yīngchǐ 英尺 M: an English foot L29 Yīngguó 英国 N: England L3 yīnglǐ 英哩 M: mile (an English mile) L26 yīnggāi/yīngdāng 应该/应当 AV: should, ought to, have to L8 Yīng-Hàn Zìdiǎn 英汉字典 N: English-Chinese Dictionary L7 Yīngwén 英文 N: English (language) L9 Yǒngān 永安 N: name of a street (Lit. lasting peace) L26 yòng 用 V: to use, to employ L7 yòng 用 CV: with, using L13 yóuchāi 邮差 N: mailman (Taiwan) L28 yóudìyuán 邮递员 N: mailman (PRC) L28 yóufèi 邮费 N: postage L28 yóujiǎn 邮简 N: letter sheet (aerogram) L28 yóujú 邮局 N: post office L6 yóupiào 邮票 N: stamp L28 yóutǒng 邮筒 N: pillar box, mailbox L28 yóuwù 邮务 N: postal service L28 yóuwùyuán 邮务员 N: clerk in post office L28 yóuxiāng 邮箱 N: mailbox L28 yóuzhèng 邮政 postal service L28 yóuzhèng-xìnxiāng 邮政信箱 N: post office box L28 yóuzhèngjú 邮政局 N: post office L6 yǒuyì 友谊 N: friendship L26 yǒu 有 V: has, have; there is, there are L5 yǒu 有 CV/SV: be as much as/be as L25 yǒu(de) 有（的） A: some L14 yǒu(de)...shíhou 有（的）……时候 MA: sometimes L14 yǒu(de) rén 有（的）人 N: some people L14 yǒu gōngfu 有工夫 SV/VO: to be free/to have free time L18 yǒu jīngyàn 有经验 SV: to be experienced L19 yǒu wèntí 有问題 ZE/SV: there's a problem/to have a problem L13 yǒu xīwàng 有希望 SV: to be hopefulf have hopes L21 yǒu yìsi 有意思 SV/VO: to be interesting, fun/has meaning ,meaningful L23 yǒumíng 有名 SV: to be famous, to be well-known L9 yǒushì 有事 IE/VO: to be busy, occupied L12 yǒuyòng 有用 SV: to be useful L7 yòu 又 A: still (beyond comprehension), again (in the past) L17 yòu...yòu 又……又 A: both ... and L27 yú 鱼 N: fish L30 yǔfǎ 语法 N: grammar L14 yǔyán 语言 N: language L15 yǔwén ‘语文 N: Chinese (as a subject of study or means of communication) L15 yùbèi 预备 V: to prepare, to get ready L19 yùdìng 預定 V: to subscribe, to book, to place an order L27 yùxiān 预先 A: in advance L27 yùjiàn 遇见 V: to meet, to run into L29 yuánlái 原来 MA: originally, as a matter of fact L27 yuánzhūbǐ 圆珠笔 N: ball-point gen (Lit. round bead pen)(M: -zhī) L7 yuǎn 远 SV: be far L26 yuǎnkè 远客 N: a guest from afar L30 yuànzhǎng 院长 N: head of an institute, commandant (military) L17 yuànyì 愿意 AV: to be willing to, would want to L18 yuē 约 V: to make an appointment, to engage, to invite L26 yuēhuì 约会 N: appointment, engagement L26 yuè 月 M/N: month L6 Yuènán 越南 N: Vietnam L3 yùn 运 V: to transport L27 yùndòng 运动 N/V: exercise (physical) sports, movement/take physical exercise L24 yùndònghuì 运动会 N: athletic meet L16 yùnfèi 运费 N: transportation, freight expenses L27 yùnshū 运输 V/N: to transport/transportation L27 zài 在 V: to be in/on/at L4 zài 再 A: again (in the future), then (to do something) L11 -zai —在 BF: (verb suffix), in, on, at L5 zài...ne 在……呢 PT: ... are in, ... are on, are L8 zàijiàn 再见 IE: Good-by L11 zánmen 咱们 N: we (including both the speaker and the person or persons spoken to) L26 zāng 脏 SV: to be dirty L24 Zāogāo! 糟糕！ IE: What a mess! Too bad! L13 zǎo 早 SV: to be early L15 zǎo guòle 早过了 PH: had passed (by) quite some time ago L15 zǎo jiù 早就 A: long since L15 zǎofàn 早饭 N: breakfast L12 zǎoshang 早上 TW: morning (6-11 a.m. approx.) L12 zěnm 怎么 A/QW: how come, why L11 Zěnme? 怎么？ QW: How? L8 Zěnmeyàng? 怎么样？ QW: What about it What do you think? L15 zhǎnlǎn 展览 V/N: to exhibit, to put on display, to show/exhibit L12 zhǎnlǎnhuì 展览会 N: exhibition L12 zhànxiàn 占线 V0: the (telephone) line's busy L29 zhàn 站— Vs to stand L13 zhànqilai 站起来 V: to stand up L13 zhàntái/yuètái 站台/月台 N: platform (train station) L20 zhànzài 站在 V: to stand at, in, or on, etc. L16 zhànzhe 站着 A: standing L19 zhāng 张 M: for maps, paper, tables, desks, etc ... L7 zhǎng 长 N: leader, monitor, commander, head L8 zhǎngwò 掌握 V: to control, to grasp, to matter, to know well L21 zhàng 仗 N: battler war L20 zhāodài 招待 V: to entertain, to receive, to serve L16 zhāodàihuì 招待会 N: reception L16,L21 zhāodāiyuān 招待员 N: ushers (at a party, etc.), hostess (in a restaurant) L21 -zháo —着 RVE: (indicates success in attaining object of the action) L24 zháojí 着急 SV: to be worried, feel anxious L24 zhǎo 找 V: to search, to hunt for, to find, to look for L17 zhǎo 找 V: to give change (in money) L27 -zhe —着 P: (verbal suffix indicating -ing) L19 zhèli 窣里 PW: here L5 zhèlide 七里的 PW: from here L5 zhèi/zhè 这 SP: this L6 zhèicì 这次 PH: this time L8 zhèige/zhège 这个 SP-M: this one L6 zhèi(ge)—xīngqīwǔ 这（个）星期五 TW: Friday of this week L12 zhèigeyuè 这个月 TW: this month L10 zhèihui 这回 SP-M: this time, this occasion L17 zhèijītiān 这几天 TW: these several days L13 zhèixiē 这些 SP-NU: these L10 zhèiyàng(zhèyàng) 这样 A/N: this way, in this manner L21,24 zhēn 真 A: really, truly L10 Zhēnmíng 明 N: (given name of a person) L22 zhēng 蒸 V: to steam L30 zhěnggè(r) 整个（儿） SP: the whole (thing) L23 zhèng...(ne) 正……（呢） PT: (indicating present progressive situation) L19 zhèng(yào) 正……（要） A: just about to L17 zhèng(zai) 正……（在） A: in the midst of L17 zhèngzài (ne) 正在……（呢） PT: (indicating present progressive situation) L19 zhèr 这儿 N: here L4 zhèrde 这儿的 N: (from) here L4 zhī 枝 M: (for pens, pencils) L6 zhīdao 知道 V: to know, to know of, to know that L6 zhīshì 知识 N: knowledge L18 zhí 值 SV: be worth (so much), be valuable L28 zhíqián 值钱 SV/VO: be valuable/ to be worth (so much) L28 zhífēi 直飞 A: fly nonstop L27 zhǐ 纸 N: paper L8 zhǐ 只 A: merely, only L16 zhǐ 指 V: to point at, to point L19 zhǐhǎo 只好 A: the best thing is to ..., the only thing to do is L30 zhǐjiào 指教 V/N: to advise/advice L21 zhǐzhe 只是 A: only, merely/ just L18 zhīzhe 指着 V: pointing L19 zhōng 钟 N: clock L14 Zhōng Měi(zhōu) 中美（洲） N: Central America L27 Zhōngcān 中餐 N: Chinese-style food (meals) L8 zhōngfǎn 中饭 N: noon meal, lunch L12 Zhōngguó 中国 N: China L3 Zhōnghuá 中华 N: China L19 Zhōnghuá-Rénmín Gònghéguó 中华人民共和国 PW/N: The People's Republic of China (PRC) L17, L19 Zhōngshān Gōngyuán 中山公园 N: Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Park L20 zhōngtóu 钟头 N: an hour (M: -ge) L17 Zhōngwén 中文 N: Chinese (language) L9 zhōngwǔ 中午 TW: noon L11 zhōngxué 中学 N: middle school (high school) L23 zhǒng 种 M: kind of, sort of, type of L9 zhòng 重 SV: be heavy, be weighty L27 zhōubào 周报 N: weekly (newspaper, magazine, etc.) L19 zhōumò 周末 TW: weekend L19 zhǔyào 主要 SV: be essential, be main, be principal L30 zhǔyàode 主要的 A: essentially, mainly L30 zhù 住 V: to live, to stay L5 zhù 祝 V: to express good wishes, to wish L21 zhùyì 注意 VO/V: pay attention, take note of L24 zhùzai 住在 V: to live (in, at), to stay L5 zhuānyè 专业 N: specialized field of study/subject, speciality, career field L19 zhuǎnchē 转车 V0: to transfer to another train or bus L26 zhuōzi 桌子 N: table (M: -zhāng) L10 zì 字 N: (Chinese) characters, ideographs L7 zìdiǎn 字典 N: dictionary (M: běn) L7 zìjǐ 自己 N: self L9 zìxíngche 自行车 N: bicycle (M: -liàng) L18 zǒngcái 总裁 N: chairman (of the board, of a political party) L30 zǒnglǐngshì 总领事 N: consul general L26 zǒu 走 V: to travel, to walk, to go L11 zǒubudòng 走动 RV: not be able to walk L24 zǒudao 走到 PH: walk to L14 zǒudedòng 走得动 RV: be able to walk L24 zū 租 V: to rent L10 zūqián 租钱 N: rental money L10 zuì 最 A: the most, -est L17 zuìhǎo 最好 MA/A-SV: the best L22 zuìjìn 最近 MA/TW: recently, lately, soon, in the near future L21 zuótiān 咋天 TW: yesterday L11 zuǒyòu 左右 A: approximately, around, thereabout L27 zuò 做 V: to make, to do L9 zuò 坐 V/CV: to sit on, to ride on/by (any kind of transportation) L11 zuò 坐 V: to sit L13 zuò 座 M: (for mountain, bridge, statue, etc.) L27 zuò mǎimai 做买卖 VO: to do business L9 zuòfàn 做饭 V/VO: to cook/to cook rice L9 zuòr 座儿 N: seat L27 zuòwèi 座位 N: seat L27 zuòxià 坐下 V: to sit down L13 zuòzh 坐着 A: sitting L19