Reading and Writing Lessons Foreign Institute Service Preface The purpose of this book (Vol. I & II) is to help students lay a solid foundation in reading and writing Chinese characters, the most challenging job for American students learning Chinese. The 500 Chinese characters taught in this book are carefully selected from Modules I - V in the Chinese Basic Course. The criteria for selection of those characters are their high frequency of use in everyday situations and their productiveness in forming multi-syllable words. The exercises for each lesson can be categorized into two parts. The first part provides students with systematic knowledge about Chinese characters,. It covers everything from the stroke orders of writing a character to the way of consulting Chinese dictionaries, from the character’s radical system to the frequently used sound elements. The second part includes different kinds of reading and writing exercises: character analysis, character writing, words formation, filling in characters in a sentence; translating English sentences into Chinese characters, reading and translating Chinese text. All these exercises are designed to parallel with the CBC Modules and enhance students, language proficiency and FLO sub-skills. Two indexes of the 500 characters are provided in the front of each volume for students’ convenient reference. Finally, I want to acknowledge all instructors in CB2 and CB3 for their contributions to this book during its four-year long development process. Special thanks are given to Ms. Jane Shaw and Mr. Qi Fu who participated in developing the reading and writing exercises at the early stage. I also want to express my sincere appreciation to Mr. Biller and Mr. Yuanzhang Chen for spending their precious time to review and revise the final draft of this book. Patrick Lin 500 Characters for writing Lesson Characters Amount 1 18 2 i 18 3 17 4 17 5 18 6 18 7 18 8 西 18 9 18 10 18 11 S 18 12 i 18 13 17 14 18 15 17 16 17 17 广 m X 18 18 18 19 16 20 Ī欠 16 21 5 使 15 22 16 23 14 24 饿] 14 25 退 15 26 15 27 便 15 28 M] 15 29 14 30 穿 16 Pinyin Index for 500 Characters Character Pinvin English Example Combinations Lesson eight 十八 八个 八级风 1 èr two 十二 二十 三十二个人 1 jiǔ nine 十九 九十 九死一生 1 liù six 六个 十六 三百六 1 you 你的 你们 你好 1 seven 七个 七十 七上八下 1 sān three 十三 三十 三点钟 1 shì to be, is, are, am 是你 他是谁 可是 1 shí ten 十个 八十 十分 1 谁(誰) shuí/shéi who, whom 谁是 是谁 谁人 1 four 十四 四十 四面八方 1 he, him 他们 是他 他的 1 she, her 她是谁 是她 她们 1 tóng be same 一同 同样 同学 1 I, me 我的 我们 是我 1 five 五月 十五 五光十色 1 one 一定 万一 一..就 1 zhì will, ideal 同志 志气 意志 I no; not 不要 不能 不得不 2 hǎo be good, well 您好不好好吃 2 jiao to call; to be named 大叫叫声我叫... 2 Jie elder sister; lady 姐姐小姐姐妹 2 吗(嗎) ma question marker 好吗是吗去吗 2 马(馬) horse 白马骑马马上 2 么(麼) me suffix, what, how 什么多么这么 2 mmg name 姓名名字名叫 2 ne mood particle 你呢还没..呢在…呢 2 nm you (polite form) 您好您贵姓?您先请 2 什(甚) shěn what 什么什么的为什么 2 shēng be born; student 生日生气生活 2 tai too much 太太太差太过分 2 Wāng/wāng last name/king 姓王国王大王 2 xiān be first 先生先…再先进 2 xiāo be small, little 小黄小儿科很小 2 xing surname; to be surnamed 姓名姓张百家姓 2 zi character, name 写字黑字字画 2 běn origin; measure word 本来日本两本书 3 de structural particle 我的大的可爱的 3 东(東) dōng east 东方东北东西 3 儿(兒) ěr/ -r child, son/ suffix 儿子儿童这儿 3 fǎ/Fǎ way, method/ law/ France 方法法律法国 3 国(國) country 中国国家外国 3 hāi sea, ocean 大海海军上海 3 Měi/měi America/be beautiful 美国美丽美人 3 们(們) men suffix (plural ending) 我们她们孩子们 3 nǎ/něi3 which, what 哪个哪里哪些 3 nan south 南方南京西南 3 rěn people 黑人大人小人书 3 ri the sun; date 曰月日夜日期 3 shān mountain,hill 高山山顶山上 3 shang to go to; above 上下上边楼上 3 Ymg the Britain 英国英语英尺 3 Zhong/zhong China/middle 中国中部中心 3 爱(愛) āi to love 可爱爱国爱人 4 bǎi hundred 两百百花年过半百 4 běi north 北京北方西北 4 husband, man 夫人丈夫农夫 4 还(還) hāi/huān still,or / to return 还是还没…呢还书 4 jiā family, home; a specialist in a field 我家家庭画家 4 jīng the capital of a country 北京东京京城 4 lǎo be old 老师老是二老 4 nā/nēi that 那儿那种那边 4 qiān thousand 一千千里千千万万 4 请(請) qīng- please 请坐请问请客 4 万(萬) wan ten thousand 千万一万万一 4 问(問) wen to ask 问题问好请问 4 现(現) xiān now 现在现钱实现 4 ye also 也是也好也不 4 zai be in,on,at 在家在这里在外面 4 这(這) zhě/zhěi this 这个这里这是 4 di younger brother 弟弟兄弟弟妹 5 fu father 父亲父母后父 5 个(個) ge general measure word 两个个人个别 5 gege elder brother 哥哥大哥哥们儿 5 cpō*n to follow and 1I/H inside, Chinese mile 里面城里公里 5 liǎng two, couple of 两个两张两天 5 měi younger sister 妹妹姐妹妹夫 5 měi do not have 没有没来没吃过 5 mother 母亲父母母牛 5 nu female 女人女儿妇女 5 nan male 男人男士男女 5 pěng- friend 朋友女朋友女的朋友 5 亲(親) qīn blood relation 父亲亲爱的亲人 5 you friend 朋友友好友谊 5 you to have 没有有名有钱 5 zhū to live 住在住家居住 5 zǐ/zi child/ noun suffix 孩子子女椅子 5 cǒng from 从前从…起从来 6 da / dāi be big, large 大家长大大夫 6 dī/de ground, earth/ structural particle 土地地方高兴地说 6 gōng work 工人工作工厂 6 号(號) hāo date of the month 三号号码大号 6 hěn very 很好很美很大 6 hǒu be late 后面后来前后 6 几(幾) jl several; how many? 几个几张纸几号? 6 nian year 新年年纪年月 6 qiān front, former, before 前头前进前后 6 书(書) shū book 书本书店新书 6 头(頭) tǒu/-tou head/positional noun ending 头发上头头一回 6 wai outside, foreign 外面外国海外 6 xiā to go down; below 下面下次下车 6 xiāo school 学校校长校车 6 学(學) xuě to study 学习同学学中文 6 yuě month; moon 五月月份月亮 6 zuǒ work 工作作业作家 6 笔(筆) pen 铅笔毛笔笔记 7 duō many, a lot 多少很多不多 7 fēn divide; fraction; monetary unit (cent) 分开十分两分钟 7 gǒng be common; altogether 一共共同共和国 7 贵(貴) gui be expensive, honorable, 贵姓名贵贵重 7 he / huo and / comfortable 我和他和气暖和 7 会(會) hui to know how; meeting; will 会开车开会会议 7 块(塊) kuāi piece; monetary unit (dollar) 一块儿两块钱三块五 7 卖(賣) mai to sell 买卖人不卖卖多少钱 7 买(買) mǎi to buy 做买卖买东西不买 7 mao hair; monetary unit (dime) 毛笔毛病两毛钱 7 钱(錢) qiān money 金钱有钱还钱 7 shāo / shao little,few / early youth 多少少数少年 7 图(圖) tu picture, chart 图画图书地图 7 xiǎng to think, to miss, to consider 想想想法想念 7 写(寫) xie to write 写字写作书写 7 yao want, important 要紧重要要是 7 yǒng to use 用笔写字用法使用 7 ban class; a shift (of work) 班长上班班机 8 长(長) chāng/zhǎngbe long/chief, head; to grow 长跑班长长大 8 chī to eat 吃饭吃药小吃店 8 Cl verbal measure for occasions 上次名次次数 8 饭(飯) fan cooked rice, food 吃饭白饭饭菜 8 gao to tell, to sue, to accuse 告诉广告告上法庭 8 给(給) gěi to give; for 给钱供给给他做饭 8 话(話) huā word,talk; to speak about 说话中国话广东话 8 can,may 可以可能可是 8 měi each, every 每天每次每月两次 8 qū / qu to go; verb ending 去不去去年上去 8 师(師) shī teacher, master 老师师长师傅 8 说(説) shuō to speak, say 说话听说小说 8 诉(訴) su to tell,to complain 告诉上诉诉说 8 wěi place, location; measure for persons 位子座位各位 8 西 west 西北西方东西 8 to use; because of 以前以上以为 8 zěn how 怎么怎么样不怎么样 8 dōu/dū all/capital, big city 都来首都大都会 9 clothes; to serve 军服西服服务 9 to drink 喝水喝酒吃喝 9 画(畫) huā to draw, to paint; painting 画家画画山水画 9 oneself 自己己见舍己为公 9 jian measure for things, clothes 文件事件一件 9 wine,liquor 喝酒酒家名酒 9 něng be able to,can 可能不能能力 9 shi to eat, food 食堂小食店日食 9 shui water 喝水河水地下水 9 昉(聽) ting to listen, to hear 听说听力听写 9 为(爲) wěi/wěi to do to act/ for 作为因为为了 9 wen literature; language 中文文学文字 9 clothes 衣服大衣上衣 9 yīn because 因为原因因果 9 种(種) zhǒng/zhǒng kind, seed/ toplant 各种种子种地 9 zi oneself 自己自学自大 9 zuǒ to do, to make 做工做饭做法 9 to hold, handle; measure word 门把两把刀把灯关了 10 ban half 一半半路两点半 10 cai ability, talent, just, only 才能天才刚才 10 chuāng bed 床单上床单人床 10 děi/dě /de must/to get /structural particle 我得去得到说得好 10 fang house, room 房子客房房租 10 gong- public 公家公立公里 10 极(極) extremely 好极了极点北极 10 间(間) jiān/iiān between; time; room/space in between 中间房间时间 10 旧(舊) jiu be old,used 新旧旧衣服旧鞋 10 guest, visitor 客人客气请客 10 来(來) lāi/lai to come; verb ending 来这儿从来看来 10 le/liǎo aspect particle/understand, end 吃了坏了了解 10 sliōii to receive 收工收到收拾 10 itb xiē some 一些多些好些 10 xīn be new 新年新房新生 10 zhēn be real, really 真好真的真正 10 zhuō table 桌子饭桌书桌 10 ba mood particle 走吧吃吧好吧 11 车(車) chē vehicle 上车火车车房 11 dao to arrive, go to 收到来到到…去 11 飞(飛) fēi to fly 飞机飞行起飞 11 过(過) guǒ / guo to pass / particle for past experience 经过过去去过 11 huǒ fire 火车火山烧火 11 机(機) machine 机器电视机飞机 11 jīn today, now 今年今天今晚 11 经(經) jīng to manage; to pass through; scripture 经常经过已经 11 开(開) kāi to open 打开开车开门 11 mmg' be bright; tomorrow 光明明天明年 11 时(時) shi time 时间小时同时 11 tiān day 前天天天天上 11 noon 上午午饭午夜 11 zai again 再来再说再见 11 ZǑU to walk, go 走路慢走怎么走 11 zuǒ to sit, take 请坐坐车坐下 11 zuǒ yesterday 昨天昨晚昨夜 11 办(辦) ban to handle; to do 办法办公室办事 12 bi must,certainly 必须必定不必 12 电(電) diān electricity 电话电车发电 12 见(見) jian to see 看见再见听见 12 jiē street 街上上街大街 12 kan / kān to look at5 watch / to take care 看见看大夫看孩子 12 mang be busy 太忙帮忙忙人 12 气(氣) qi air 空气天气生气 12 a period of time 日期星期学期 12 qī/qi to rise/ verb ending 起床一起说起来 12 qīng feeling, love 感情爱情情人节 12 shi matter, thing 事情有事公事 12 suǒ place; measure for house 所以厕所所有 12 wān evening, night; be late 晚上晚会晚班 12 xīng- star 星星星期五星 12 already 已经早已已是 12 zǎo early morning; long ago; be early 早上早期你早 12 zhī/zhx measure word/only, merely 一只鸡只是不只 12 biē don!t; other 别走别人分别 13 section, department; measure word 部分干部小卖部 13 chā to check, to look up 检查查字典查看 13 diān shop,store 商店酒店饭店 13 点(點) dian to order dishes; a drop, a point 点釆点头一点钟 13 对(對) dui be correct; to,towards 对了对着对话 13 该(該) gāi should 应该不该该死 13 坏(壞) huāi be bad, broken 坏人坏事坏天气 13 hui to return; verbal measure for times 回家回答回来 13 检(檢) jian to check up, to inspect 检查体检检验 13 紧(緊) jm be tight,tense 要紧紧张紧紧 13 jiu at once; then; only 就算就是就要..了 13 让(讓) rang to allow, let 让开让她说让一让 13 题(題) ti topic; subject; problem 题目问题考题 13 yīn sound; news 声音音乐录音机 13 应(應) yīng/ying should/answer,respond 应该应用回应 13 zhān to stand; station 站住车站站长 13 biǎo wristwatch; to indicate 手表代表表现 14 chā/cha to differ from, to lack; be poor 差别差错差两分五点 14 da answer 回答答应答话 14 di prefix to indicate ordinals 第一第一名第二课 14 发(發) fā/fā to send out, to issue/ hair 发现发音头发 14 汉(漢) hān / Hān man / Chinese 老汉汉语汉字 14 讲(講) jiǎng to speak, to talk 讲话讲课多讲 14 觉(覺) juě to feel, to sense 觉得感觉发觉 14 kǎo test, exam 考试大考考上了大学 14 课(課) lesson '上课课文课外活动 14 难(難) nān/nān be difficult/ disaster 困难难过空难 14 man to read aloud, to study 念书想念纪念 14 rǒng to tolerate; appearance, looks 容易笑容容器 14 试(試) shi to try; examination 试试试用考试 14 shi room 课室办公室浴室 14 习(習) XI to learn, to practice 学习练习实习 14 yi be easy 容易易学易做 14 钟(鐘) zhōng1 clock, bell 钟头三点钟钟表 14 chang often 日常常用常常 15 ding to decide 一定不一定定钱 15 关(關) gnān to close 关门关灯开关 15 计(計) ji to count, plan 计算会计计划 15 军(軍) jūn military 军人军事海军 15 kuāi be fast; be happy 快车快报飞快 15 man be slow 慢走快慢慢车 15 门(門) men door, gate 大门后门门外^ 15 脑(腦) nao brain 电脑脑子用脑子 15 声(聲) shēng sound 声音大声小声 15 shui to sleep 睡觉午睡睡着 15 suān to calculate, to count 计算難就算…也 15 xi department, system 中文系关系联系 15 yan speech, word; to speak 语言发言名言 15 #(樣) yāng appearance, shape, sample 样子这样怎么样 15 语(語) y乜 language 语言语法汉语 15 张(張) zhāng surname; measure word 老张紧张一张纸 15 边(邊) biān side, edge, border 前边一边旁边 16 参(參) can to join 参加参观参军 16 厂(廠) chǎng factory 工厂厂房厂长 16 dāi be in place of, generation 代表代课后代 16 动(動) dong to move 运动劳动行动 16 dong to understand 懂事看得懂看不懂 16 fēi wrong, not, no 非常非法非...不可 16 gǎo be high 高大高兴高楼 16 观(觀) gxiāii to look at, observe 参观观看外观 16 he to combine; whole 合作合同合法 16 欢(歡) huān bejoyous 欢喜欢迎欢笑 16 huǒ to live 生活干活活动 16 pmg be flat; level 水平平常和平 16 ran but,however; suddenly 然后突然要不然 16 wān to finish; whole 完成完全看完 16 兴(興) xīng/xmg to start/mood or desire to do sth. 兴起高兴兴趣 16 运(運) yun to carry, to transport; movement 托运好运运动 16 chū to go or come out 出门出入出事 17 刚(剛) gang just now 刚好刚才刚刚 17 广(廣) ^uang wide, vast 广大广场广告 17 hāng/xing trade,line/to walk; OK 银行行人不行 17 华(華) huā/Huā be magnificent/ China 中华华人华侨 17 进(進) jin to enter, to advance 进门先进进行 17 mm people 人民公民农民 17 she agency, society 新华社社会旅行社 17 视(視) shi to look at,to watch 视力电视近视 17 song to deliver; give as a gift 送行送给送报 17 台(臺) tāi/Tāi platform, stage / Taiwan 站台电台台湾 17 闻(聞) wen to hear, to smell 新闻见闻闻到 17 务(務) affair,business; be engaged in 事务服务任务 17 义(義) justice, righteous 义务意义主义 17 you again 又是又一次又快又好 17 员(員) yuan a person engaged in some field 人员运动员员工 17 zhāo to look for 找钱找工作找人 17 ZUl the most, -est 最好最少最近 17 帮(幫) bāng to help; gang 帮助帮忙四人帮 18 备(備) běi to prepare 准备预备备课 18 bing be sick; sickness 生病毛病病房 18 each 各位各自各级 18 huā flower; to spend 红花花生花钱 18 节(節) jiě holiday; period 节日过节音节 18 11 reason, logic; to manage 理由物理经理 18 连(連) liān to connect; even; company (military) 连接一连连队 18 eye 节目目前耳目 18 热(熱) re be hot 发热热情亲热 18 设(設) she to set up, establish 设备建设设立 18 识(識) shi to know; knowledge 认识知识识字 18 虽(雖) suī although 虽然虽说 18 breath, rest 休息消息安息 18 xīu to repair; to study 修理自修修车 18 xlu to stop, to cease 休息退休休想 18 愿(願) yuan hope, desire, to be willing to 心愿愿望愿意 18 zhī to know; knowledge 知道知识知己 18 bāi be white 白人黑白白天 19 报(報) bāo newspaper; to report 报纸画报报告 19 da to hit 打开打架打算 19 dan but 但是不但但愿 19 fang- direction, side, party 方法西方方块字 19 huā to change; chemistry; -ize 变化文化电气化 19 ji to mail, to send 寄信寄钱邮寄 19 juē to decide, to determine 决定决心表决 19 kōng/kǒng be empty, hollow; sky/empty space, 天空空军空房 19 xi be happy; happy events; be fond of 喜欢喜事喜欢 19 5 xīn letter; to believe ... 寄信相信信心 19 xīn heart 关心点心心爱的 19 许(許) to allow; maybe; 许可不许或许 19 业(業) ye line of business 商业工业作业 19 zhao/zhe to touch / particle indicating “-ing” 着火着凉站着 19 zhěng' be upright, be correct, just 改正正在正好 19 ān be peaceful 平安安全安好 20 变(變) bian to change 变化改变样子变了 20 场(場) chǎng open field / measure word 广场场所一场电影 20 fang- to put, to place; to release 放下放心解放 20 jiě to solve; to explain 解放讲解解答 20 JIU for a long time 很久不久多久 20 lu to travel 旅客旅行旅馆 20 piao ticket 车票支票査票员 20 general, common 普通普通话普遍 20 区(區) area 地区山区区分 20 (認) rěn to recognize, to know 认得认识认真 20 数(數) shiyshū to count, number 算数数字数学 20 岁(歲) sui year, year of age 岁月岁数年岁 20 special 特别特务特点 20 tōng be open; to lead to, to know 打通通过通知 20 zhī to support, measure word 支持开支三支笔 20 gǎi to alter, to revise 改变改日改正 21 gǒu be enough 够了能够足够 21 馆(館) guǎn (of service trades) shop; embassy 饭馆使馆旅馆 21 记(記) to remember 记住忘记日记 21 jiā to add 参加加班加快 21 jiāo/jiao to teach 教书教师教会 21 mian face; surface 面前表面见面 21 qiē/qiě to cut / be close to, be sure to 切开一切切记 21 shi to indicate 指示表示告示 21 使 siň to send; to cause; to use 大使大使馆使用 21 wang to gaze into the distance; hope 看望希望望得见 21 to hope, be rare 希望希少希奇 21 议(議) yi discuss 议论会议决议 21 yǐng- shadow; photograph, picture 影子录影机电影 21 zhū to wish 祝愿庆祝祝贺 21 ba dad, father 爸爸爸妈老爸 22 bēi cup 茶杯纸杯杯子 22 cai vegetable, cooked dishes 青菜菜馆点菜 22 chā tea 红茶茶点喝茶 22 错(錯) cuo be wrong 错误错了不错 22 单(單) dān single; a list, a form 单个名单单位 22 giiāi strange, quite 怪事奇怪难怪 22 红(紅) hong red 红色红人口红 22 huǒ or 或许或者或是 22 a sentence 句子句号问句 22 录(錄) lu to record 录音录影机记录 22 妈(媽) mother, mom 妈妈大妈后妈 22 na to take, to hold with hand 拿来拿着拿手菜 22 qi be strange 奇怪新奇出奇 22 it 它的它们 22 wang to forget 忘记忘了别忘了 22 词(詞) Cl word 生词词语词典 23 带(帶) dāi to take, to bring; tape 带上随身带录影带 23 děng to wait; class 等车等一等头等 23 diǎn standard; ceremony 词典古典典礼 23 ^uǎn tube, to manage, run 管子管理不管 23 脚(腳) jiǎo foot 手脚左脚双脚 23 jiāo to hand over, to deliver 交钱交朋友交通 23 jiě to borrow, to lend 借书借钱借口 23 楼(樓) lǒu a storied building, floor 楼房一楼高楼 23 shǒu hand 手表右手手下 23 to think, to think of 思想思考意思 23 谢(謝) xiě to thank 谢谢不谢姓谢 23 711»、 yi meaning; desire 意思同意意外 23 纸(紙) ZtLǏ paper 报纸纸张纸条儿 23 饱(飽) bāo have eaten one's fill, be full 吃饱饱了饱满 24 饿(餓) ě hungry 很饿饿死饿坏了 24 gān/gān be dry/ to do, to work 干净干杯干活 24 脸(臉) liān face 洗脸脸红脸发白 24 shēn body 身体身高身份证 24 to die 死了忙死了死人 24 体(體) tl body; style 身体体育体重 24 tǒng pain, sadness 头痛痛快痛心 24 to wash 洗手洗衣机干洗 24 yǎn eye 眼睛眼红眼花 24 药(藥) yao medicine 药水药房中药 24 医(醫) doctor of medicine, to cure 医生医学医药 24 yuan courtyard, yard; government offices 医院院子法院 24 zhū to pour, to concentrate 注意注人专注 24 to compare 对比打比方我比他高 25 订(訂) ding to book, to subscribe 订单订房订计划 25 费(費) fēi to spend; fee 费时小费学费 25 gēng/gěng change/ more 变更更好更快 25 hēi black, dark 黑人黑夜黑板 25 huang- yellow 黄花黄金黄色 25 蓝(藍) lan blue 蓝色蓝天蓝海 25 lěng be cold 很冷冷气冷门 25 li sharp, benefit 利害有利利息 25 pa to fear 害怕可怕怕死 25 shū to stretch, leisurely 舒服不舒服舒心 25 双(雙) shuāng two; pair 双方一双鞋双人房 25 tl to lift, to mention 提起提肖!J手提箱 25 退 tui to return, retreat 后退退房退学 25 ye night 半夜夜里夜班 25 当(當) dāng to work as; just at; should 当老师当中应当 26 货(貨) huǒ goods, commodity 货物货车百货公司 26 jīn be close, near 远近近视最近 26 li strength,power 能力力气听力考试 26 离(離) to leave,part from, away from 离开离别离婚 26 lu road, way 走路路上五路车 26 pang side; other 旁边路旁旁人 26 qi vapor,steam 汽水汽车公共汽车 26 条(條) tiao measure for long objects 条子面条条件 26 wǎng/wang to go; in the direction of,toward 来往往年往前一直走 26 xiāng direction; towards 方向风向向左拐 26 远(遠) yuan be far 远方远路远视 26 约(約) yuē to make an appointment; appointment 预约约会条约 26 zhi be straight, directly 一直一直走直飞 26 抑匕 zǒng to put together; chief, head, general 总共总是总统 26 ban to move 搬家搬动搬运 27 běi quilt; by 被子被动车被开走了 27 便 bian/piān be convenient/ be inexpensive 方便大小便便宜 27 dao road, way 街道知道公道 27 风(風) fēng wind 北风风水作风 27 hǒu time; to wait 时候候车等候 27 jǐng scenery 风景美景景色 27 ling zero; odd,with a little extra 一千零一零钱零件 27 shi to pick up; ten 收拾拾起拾块钱 27 tmg to stop 停止停车停电 27 you the right side 右手左右右边 27 yuan original, raw 原来原因平原 27 zhǒng/chǒng weight,be heavy/to repeat, 重量重要重新 27 zuǒ seat 座位座谈头等座 27 zuǒ the left side 左边往左左右手 27 bāo to wrap; package 面包书包包裹 28 bing and; moreover 并且合并并立 28 guǒ fruit; result 水果果然结果 28 ji to reach,to come up to 及时来得及及格 28 价(價) jia price 价钱价格房价 28 ju bureau, office 邮局局长局部 28 branch,division; science 科学出口科科长 28 P kou mouth 口音借口出口 28 11 to stand 站立立场立刻 28 pāo to run 长跑跑车跑步 28 qiě both... and..; for the time being 并且而且况且 28 if; like, as 如果不如如今 28 邮(郵) you post,mail 邮件邮票集邮 28 zhěng politics, administration, government 政治政府邮政局 28 zhu help 帮助助手助人为乐 28 chěng city, town 城里进城长城 29 chi a Chinese foot (a unit of length) 尺寸英尺五尺 29 low 高低低头地位低 29 he river 河山黄河河流 29 jiē to receive, to connect 连接接近接机 29 jīn gold; metal 金钱黄金美金 29 liu to remain, to reserve 留下留学留心 29 码(碼) 汪sign or thing indicating number 号码码头起码 29 department, company; take charge of 司机公司上司 29 谈(談) tan to talk 谈话谈心会谈 29 yu residence; to reside 公寓寓所寓言 29 yu to meet, treat 遇见遇难遇到 29 zhān to occupy 占线占便宜占座位 29 to rent, rent 租房租金租约 29 step 脚步进步退步 30 穿 chuān to penetrate, to wear 穿过穿衣服穿鞋 30 hai child,children 孩子男孩孩子气 30 鸡(鷄) chicken 小鸡火鸡鸡肉 30 to cry 大哭哭笑哭声 30 niu ox, cow 牛肉牛奶母牛 30 qīng green 青菜青草青色 30 rěn task, mission 任务责任任何 30 rǒu meat 鱼肉牛肉红烧肉 30 shāng- business,trade; to discuss 商人商业商店 30 wān to play 玩儿玩具玩笑 30 xiang elephant; be like 大象好象想象 30 xiāo to laugh 大笑可笑笑脸 30 鱼(魚) yu fish 清蒸鱼金鱼鱼肉 30 yuě/Yuě to jump over,to exceed/ Vietnam 越南越来越..越..越.. 30 zhū host, owner, main 主人主菜主要 30 Volume I <foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">第一课</foreignphrase> LESSON 1
<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">一、汉字知识</foreignphrase> About Chinese Characters 汉字的历史 The History of Chinese Characters The written forms of the Chinese language are characters which are square in shape, accordingly they are called “square characters” As one of the oldest written languages in the world, Chinese characters have at least 4,000 years history. 繁体字和简体字 The Long-Form and Short-Form Characters The total number of Chinese characters is estimated at more than 55,000. Among them, merely 3,000 are used for everyday purposes. Some Chinese characters have two forms: the long-form and the shortforai. In 1957, the Chinese government announced 2106 simplified characters to be used in all newspapers, books, and official documents in Mainland China. However, for various reasons, long-form characters are still used in Taiwan, Hong Kong and overseas Chinese communities. 汉字的基本笔画 The Basic Strokes of Chinese Characters Chinese characters are formed by a combination of six basic strokes and some non-basic strokes. The six basic strokes are: horizontal héng, vertical shù, down left piě, down right nà, dot diǎn, and upward slant tí. (images copyright: Wikipedia) <emphasis>Exercise:</emphasis> Copy the six basic strokes in Chinese characters.
<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">二、读写练习</foreignphrase> Reading and Writing Exercises Study the following new characters: yī; one èr ; two 1. 2. sān; three sì; four 3. 一 + 二 4. ⼝ + ⼉ wǔ: five liù six 5. 6. ⼇+八 qī: seven bā: eight 7. 8. jiǔ: nine shí: ten wǒ: I, me nǐ: you 11. 矛+戈 12. 亻 + 尔 tā: he, him tā: she, her 13. 亻+也 14. 女+也 shì: to be (am, are, is) 谁(誰) shuí, shéi: who, whom 讠 15. 日+疋 16. 讠 + 隹 tóng: be same zhì: will, aspiration, ideal 17. 门+ — + 口 18. 士+ 心
Copy the following characters with correct stroke-order:
Study the following combination of characters: 一十 yīshl ten 二十 ērshi twenty 三十 sānshi thirty 四十 sishi forty 五十 WǓBhl fifty 六十 liiBhi sixty 七十 qlshi seventy 八十 bāshi eighty 九十 JllBhl ninety 十一 shiyī eleven 十二 shi ěr twelve 四十四 si shi si forty four 六十五 liūstLiwǔ sixty five 九十七 jiushiqi ninety seven 八十三 bāshisān eighty three 同志 tongzhi comrade 谁是… Shěi shi... Who is..? 你是谁 Nī shī shěi? Who are you 我是谁 Wǒshi shěi? Who am I ? 他是谁 Tā stLi shěi? Who is he ? 她是谁 Tā shī shěi? Who is she ? Write down characters according to the pinyin and English given: __(yī, one) __(ěr, two) __(sān, three) __(sī, four) __(wǔ, five) __(liu, six) __(qī, seven) __(bā, eight) __(jiǔ, nine) __(shi, ten) ____(sishi, forty) ____(shisi, fourteen) ____(shiwǔ, fifteen) ____(liijsh.1, sixty) ______(sānsMqī,thirty seven) ______(jiǔshi ěr, ninety two) ______(bāshiyl, eighty one) ____(wǒ, I,me ) ____(nī, you ) __(tā, he, him) __(tā, she, her) __(shěi / shū| who, whom ) __(shi, to be, yes) ______(tCQgzhi,comrade ) Fill in each blank with a character according to the pinyin and the context: 谁 ____ (shi)马 (tǒngzhi)?__ __(Wǒ)姓王。__(WǑ)是王小同。 ____(Nī)姓什么? “小王是____ ( shěi) ? ” “ ____(Tā)是我太太。” 一太太姓什么? (tongzhi) , (shěi)是你太太? 马小姐,__(iň)先生姓什么?一(tā)姓王。 __(WǑ)姓马。我__(shi)马大年。 ( Shěi)是方宝兰 (tǒngzhi) ? Translate the following sentences into Chinese characters: Who are you ? __ __ __? Who is she? __ __ __ ? Comrade, who is he? __ __ ,__ __ __ ? Comrade, who are you? __ __,__ __ __ ? Read aloud the following sentences and translate them into English 谁是马明理同志? .马明理是她先生。她是马太太。 我太太姓胡。你太太姓什么?我太太姓马。 我姓王。小姐,你姓什么? 我姓马,我是马小同„ 谁是王小姐?她是王小姐。 你先生姓什么?他姓王吗? 我先生姓马。他是马同先。 你是王同志吗?是,我是王大年。 方宝兰是你太太吗?是,她是我太太。
<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">第二课</foreignphrase> LESSON 2
<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">一、汉字知识</foreignphrase> About Chinese Characters 汉字的笔顺 The Stroke-Order of Characters Most Chinese characters are formed by a number of strokes. And there are certain rules for the order of these strokes. In order to write the characters correctly and well, it is necessary to remember the stroke-order. B. 笔顺规则 Rules of Stroke-Order 从上到下 From Top to Bottom Example:三(san,three):三三三 五(w$ five):五五五五 2. 从左到右 From Left to Right Example:八(bǎ, eight):八八 叫 白o, to call):叫叫叫叫叫 To combine the rules of “from top to bottom” and “from left to right,” the upper left strokes are written before the lower left ones; and then the upper right strokes come before the lower right ones. E.g. 你(m,you): \ \ 你 你 你 你 你 Exercise Copy the following characters with correct stroke-order:
<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">二、读写练习Reading and Writing Exercises</foreignphrase> Study the following new characters: 王wang1: king; surname 王 太tāi: excessively, too,over 大 1. 一十土 2. 大+ 、 马(馬)mā : horse; surname 马 先xiān be first JL 3. ' 4. 土+ 儿 生shēng1: give birth to; student ) 姓xing' : surname; be surnamed 女 5. 6. 女+生 小xiǎo: be small, little, young 小 姐jiě: elder sister; young woman 女 7. 8. 女+且 您nin : you (polite form) 心 好hāo: be good, well 女 9. 你+心 10. 女+子 吗(嗎)ma: particle, question marker 口 不bū: not; no — 11. 口+ 马 12. 叫jiāo: to call,be called 口 什(甚)shěn: what \ 13. 口+ i 14. 4 + 十 么(麼)me : suffix J 名mmg* ; name P 15. J + 厶 16. 夕+ 口 字zi: character, word 呢ne : particle 口 17. — + 子 18. 口+ 尼 Copy the following characters with correct stroke-order: Read aloud the following combinations of characters: .太太 tāitai wife, Mrs. 先生 xiānsheng* Mr., Sir, husband 马先生 Mā Xiānsheng Mr. Ma 小姐 xiāojiě Miss 5.王小姐 WāngXiāojiě Miss Wang 你好 Nī hāo! How are you? 您好 Nm hǎo! How are you (polite form) 我好 wǒ hāo. I am fine. 你呢 Nine? How about you? 不好 bu hāo not good 不太好 bū tāi hǎo not very good 不是 būshi is (are, am) not 是不是 shi būshi is (are, am) or not 什么 shenme what 姓什么 xing shěnme what is (the person's) surname 叫什么 jiāo shěnme what is (the person's) name or given name 名字 mi ngzi name, given name 姓名 xingmīng1 full name 贵姓 Guixīng*? What is your honorable surname? 名叫… mmg* jiāo is called... Write down characters according to the pinyin and English given: __(bū, not, no ) __(hǎo, be good, well) __(jiāo, to call, to be named) __(ma, question marker) __( ne, mood particle ) __(nin, the polite form of "you") __ (wāng/Wang king / a surname) __ (mā/Mǎ, horse/a surname) __(xing, surname; to be surnamed) __ __(xiānsheng; Mr., Sir) __ __ (tāitai, Mrs.) __ __ (xiǎojiě, Miss) __ __(shěnme, what) __ __(mingzi, name, given name) __ __ (xmg-mmg, full name) __ __ __ (Mǎ Xiānsheng' Mr. Ma) __ __ __(Wang- Xiāojiě, Miss Wang) __ __ __(Mǎ Tāitai Mrs. Ma) __ __ __(Nǐ hǎo ma? How are you?) __ __ __ (bū tāi hǎp not very good)
第二课 LESSON 3
<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">一、汉字知识</foreignphrase>About Chinese Characters A. 汉字的常见笔画(一)Common Strokes of Chinese Characters Chinese characters are formed by six basic strokes and many non-basic strokes which are actually variations on those six basic strokes. We will introduce 27 common non-basic strokes in the lessons to come. Stroke Direction Name Pinyin Examples For Student’s Practice / / 左点 Zuōdiān 小心学 \ 长点 Chāng*diān 不东对 { 4 撇点 Piědiān 女好姐 ) 竖钩 Shūgōu 小我东 竖弯 Shūwān 山海叫 L 竖弯钩 Shūwāngōu 儿先他 V V 斜钩 Xiěgōu 我找钱 卧钩 Wogōu 心怎您 横钩 Hěnggōu 你字买 笔顺规则(二)Rules of Stroke-Order 3. 先横后竖 Horizontal Precedes Vertical Example:十(sM,ten): 一十 本(běn^ origin): 一十才木本 4. 先撇后擦 Down Left Precedes Down Right Example:人(rěn, people) J A 太(tāi, too much):—大大太 Exercise Copy the following characters with correct stroke-order:
<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">二、读写练习Reading and Writing Exercises</foreignphrase> 二、读写练习Reading and Writing Exercises 中zhōng / Zhōng1: middle / China I 国(國)guǒ: country, nation 口 1. 口+ 1 2. □ + 玉 明P nǎ / něi: which, where 口 儿(兒)ěr : son; child; suffix 儿 3. 口+ 月+ p 4. 的de : possessive particle 白 人rěn: person; people ; mankind 人 5. 白+勺 6. 们(們)men: plural suffix -f 山shān: mountain, hill 山 7. , 4 + 门 8. 东(東)dong1: east 上shāng1: to go up; above 9. 10. hāi: sea, ocean ? měi / Měi: beautiful / America 11. > + 每 12. + Yīng : British; English 斗 fǎ/ Fǎ: method / France; French 穿 13. # + 央 14. ? + ri : the sun; day 日 běn: origin; base; root nan: south 十 17. 十+闲 Copy the following characters with correct stroke-order: Copy the following characters with correct stroke-order: 1. 中国 ZhōQgguo China 2. 美国 Měiguǒ America 3. 英国 Yīng-g-uō British, England 4 .法国 Faguo France 5. 国王 guowāng king 6. 日本 Riběn Japan 7. 日本人 Rīběnrěn Japanese 8. 中国人 Zhōngguǒrēn Chinese 9. 哪国人 nā/něiguǒ rěn from which country 10. 哪儿 nǎr where; which place 11 . 人们 rěnmen people, persons 12. 我们 women we; us 13 . 你们 nǐmen you 14. 他们 tāmen they; them 15. 她们 tāmen they, them (females) 16. 山东 Shāndōng- Shandong Province 17. 中东 Zhōngdōng the Middle East 18 上海 Shanghai Shanghai 19 上海人 Shānghǎirěn Shanghai people 20. 东海 Dōnghǎi East Sea 21. 南美 Nānma South America 22. 海南 Hainan Hainan Province 23. 美人 měirěn beautiful woman 24. 好人 hǎorěn good person 25. 我的名字 wǒ de mingzi my name Write down characters according to the pinyin and English given: Fill in each blank with a Chinese character according to the pinyin and context: (Women) (de)老师(lāostiī)不是 (Měigu6)人。 .他是 (Riběn) (rěn)吗? 3.她 (xiānsheng) (de)名字 (jiāo)王海东。 4.王太太是 (ZhōQg'g'uǒ) (Shāndōng)A» 加州在(zāi,to be in) (nǎr)?在 (Měiguǒ)o 小马不是(Riběn)人,他是(Fāguǒ)人。 你是中国 (nǎr) __ (de)人呢?我是海南人。 谢/J、姐 (de) (xiarLsheng)是 (něi guo)A? 9.他姐姐也(yě) 是 (Shanghai 10.小姐,您是美国 (něi)州的—(rěn)? 11. (Yīngguǒ )女(nň)王叫什么 (mlngzi)? 她 (měi)吗?我想(xiǎng think)她不太 (měi). Translate the following sentences into Chinese characters. We are not Japanese. We are Americans. Where in China are you from? I am from Shanghai, China. Mr. Ma's wife is from France. How are you, Miss? Are you Chinese? Xiao Ma is not British. What is your elder sister’s Chinese name? Sir, which country are you from? Mr. Ma is a good man! My elder sister’s first name is Meiying. Read aloud and translate the following sentences into English: 山本小姐不是中国人,她是日本人。 .他是美国加州人。你们呢?你们也(yě)是加州人吗? 你是中国哪儿的人?我是上海人。 她的先生是英国人。他先生的中国名字叫王海山。 马太太的先生是不是美国人?他叫什么名字? 她的先生不是美国人,也(yě)不是英国人。 力Ū州在(zāj)哪儿?加州不在中国,在美国。 请问,(qlngwěn, May I ask)山本先生是你的什么人? 他是我姐姐的先生,他是日本人。山本是他的姓。 我姐姐的名字叫贵英。你也有(yǒu^ to have)姐姐吗? 我姐姐是美国人,她没有(měiyǑH do not have)中国名字。 我姓马,人人都叫我小马。我是越南人。 我是山东青岛人。我太太是上海人. 上海在哪儿?上海在中国的东南方(fāng,Southeast)。 美国有没有俄国人?有。有俄国人,德国人,韩国人,也有越南人。 你是军士长吗?不,我是下士。他是二等兵。
第二课 LESSON 4
<foreignphrase xml:lang="cmn-Hani">一、汉字知识</foreignphrase>About Chinese Characters 汉字的常见笔划(二)The Common Strokes Stroke Direction Name Pinyin Examples For Student’s Practice 平撇 Pmgpiě 千毛斤 ) J 竖撇 Shūpiě 儿月那 7 7 横撇 Hěngpiě 又没爱 I I 撇折 Piězhě 么法东 \ i 竖提 Shūti 饭跟很 j L 竖折 Shūzhě 母每海 \ > h 竖折折钩 Shuzhezhego 马写与 V w 弯钩 Wāng'ōu 家狗猪 平捺 Plngnā 这还过 笔顺规则(三)Rules of Stroke-Order 从外到内 From outside to inside Example:问(wěr^ ask):、丨' 门门问问 先里头后封口Inside precedes the sealing stroke Example:回(Irui, return):丨门R 冋问回 先中间后两边 Middle precedes the two sides Example: /J、(xiǎo, small): J /J 小 Exercise: Copy the following characters with correct stroke-order
二、读写练习Reading an'd Writing Exercises Study the following new characters:
第二课 LESSON 5
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