A Modular Approach

The purpose of the Car Module is to provide you with the linguistic skills you need to use and take care of your car in everyday situations as well as emergencies. Before starting the Car Module, you should have at least completed the Transportation Module.

When you have finished this module, you should be able to: Buy gasoline using the metric system to indicate quantity and ration coupons if necessary. Understand if the attendant offers you high-test or regular gas. Tell an attendant that there isn't enough air in the tires. Ask for air to be put in the tires. Tell an attendant the car windows need cleaning. Explain to a garage attendant where your car has developed problems lately: brakes, headlights, automatic transmission, gear shift, fan belt, exhaust pipe, and so on. Ask for a regular maintenance check up for the car. Tell someone you have a flat tire and whether or not you have a spare tire and tools. Tell someone that you got a traffic ticket and why. State whether or not you have your driver”s license and car registration with you. Ask in a collision situation if someone is injured. Understand someone describe in simple terms the damage to their car resulting from an accident. Ask a garage repairman to fix a car which has been in an accident. Find out how long it will take to fix it. Ask for an estimate on cost repairs.

qìyóu piào: “Gasoline Coupons”. In the PRC, many commodities, such as cloth, food items, watches, bicycles, must be bought with money and ration coupons. zú: “to be enough, to be sufficient.” Lúntāide qì bù zú le. is translated here as “he air in the tires isn't enough.” A more literal translation might be “The air in the tires isn't enough anymore.” The negative bù used with a marker le for new situation expresses a negative condition that has recently come about. bōli: This word literally means “glass”, but is used here to refer to the windows of the car. man: This is the adjectival verb “to be full”. Wǒ xiǎng cāyicā.: “I think I'll wipe it a bit.” In the PRC gas stations sell gas only. Any minor servicing that may be needed, such as cleaning windows and getting air for tires, may be done by the driver himself. Any major servicing must be done at a repair garage.

Jīyóu jiāhǎo le.:“The oil is added.” In the phrase jiāhǎo le, the word hǎo is used as the final, element of a compound verb of result. It indicates that the action of the verb has been brought to a successful conclusion. This is discussed in Transportation, Unit 7.

máobing: This word is translated here as “something wrong.” Other translations might be: “defect”, “flaw”, “trouble”, or “problem”. Tāde diànshì chū máobing le. His television developed a problem. A second meaning for máobing is “medical,problem”, “illness”. Wǒ shénme máobing yě méiyou. There is nothing wrong with me. A third meaning is “bad habit”, “odd habit”. Tā máobing hen dà. He is very “picky” (odd). líng: This is the adjectival verb “to be sharp, keen”. It can be used to describe people that are intelligent. It can also be used to describe machinery that works well. Lǎo Wángde érzi hěn líng. Lǎo Wáng”s son is sharp. Zhèige jíqi hái líng bu ling? Does,this machine still work well? liàng: “To be bright”. A more literal translation of You yíge dēng bú liàng le. might be “There is one lamp that does not light up anymore.” bǎoyǎng: “To maintain”. This verb can be used to talk about taking care of a person's body, as well as maintaining machinery. Nǐ yídìng děi bǎoyǎng zìjǐ. You have to take care of yourself. Tā gāng shēngle háizi, dàifu gàosu tā hǎohāorde bǎoyǎng. After she had just given birth to a child, the doctor told her to take good care of herself. língjiàn: “spare parts” or simply “parts”. Huàn língjiàn is “to exchange (something) for a spare part”.

Yǒu shíhou hái huì xihuǒ.: You”ve seen that the auxiliary verb huì can mean “know how to, can”, as in Nǐ huì shuō Yíngwen ma?. Here you see a different meaning: “likely to happen, possible to happen, liable to happen”. Here is another example. Jīntian huì xià yù ma? Is it likely to rain today?

bào: “To explode”, “to burst”. This is the verb to use when talking about a “blow out”. If a tire has slowly gone flat, the verb to use is biě, “to be flat, sunken, not full”. Lúntāi biě le.D fādòngbùqǐlái: “not be able to start up”. Fādòng is the verb “to set in motion”, “to start”. ”-Qīlái is the verb “to rise up” used as the final element in a compound verb of result. tuídao: Compound verbs with -dao as the second syllable must be followed by a location of some sort and often are also followed by lái or qù. Bǎ xíngli nádao lóushang qù. Take the bags upstairs. Bǎ chē kāidao lùbiarshang qù. Drive the car to the side of the road.

bǎo 爆 to explode bǎoyǎng 保养 to have a maintenance checkup bèitāi 备胎 spare tire bōli 原理 glass cā 擦 to wipe chángchang 常常 often dǎ 打 to hit dǎ qì 打气 to add air dǎqìtǒng 打气筒 air pump dēng 灯 light lamp dìng 订 to order gāojí 高级 high grade gōngjù 工具 tool gōngshēng 公升 liter fādòng 动机 to start, to mobilize jíǎnchá 检察 to inspect, to examine, to check jiǎndàn 简单 to be simple jǐshù gōngren 技术工人 mechanic jīyóu 机油 machine oil -liàng 量 counter for vehicles liàng 亮 to light up líng 灵 to be sharp, to be keen língjiàn 零件 parts lúntāi 轮胎 tire mǎn 满 to be full máobing 毛病 trouble, flaw, defect piào 漂 ticket, coupon pǔtōng 普通 regular qì 气 air qìyóu 汽油 gasoline shāchē 刹车 brakes tuī 推 to push tuō 拖 to tow tuōche 拖车 tow truck xíhuǒ 熄火 to stall xíūli 修理 to fix, to repair xiūliháng 修理行 repair garage yǐngqíng 引擎 engine yóu 油 oil, gasoline, fuel zāng 脏 to be dirty zú 足 to be enough, to be sufficient

chāo sù: “To speed”, more literally, “to exceed the posted speed” nádào le: Here you see another compound verb with -dào. But the addition of -dào does not add the meaning of “to (someplace)”, as in tuīdao lùbiārshang qu, “push it to the side of the road”, but rather adds the meaning of “to obtain, get”. Nǐ nádao nǐde hùzhào le meiyou? Did you get your passport? dài: This is the verb “to carry with one, to take or bring with one”. It is sometimes used with the verb lái when the meaning is “bring with one”. Jīntian wǒ wàngle dài wǒde lìshí shǔ. I forgot to bring my history took today. Nǐ dài háizi qùle méiyou? Did you take the children with you? fákuǎn: This can be the verb “to issue a fine” or the noun “a fine”. Fákuǎndān is literally, “fine money ticket”. dānzi: Here dānzi is used to refer to the traffic ticket, a short way of saying fákuǎndān. In other situations, dānzi often means “list of things”. Here are some examples. Notice that the phrase “to make a list” is kāi yíge dānzi, literally “open a list”. Měige Xīngqíliù wǒ chūqu mǎi dōngxi yǐqián dōu kāi yige dānzi. Every Saturday before I go out to buy things, I make a list. Nǐ néng bu neng bǎ nǐ yào mǎide shū kāi yíge dānzi. Can you make a list of the books you want to buy?

chuàng: “To bump”, often pronounced zhuàng. This verb often occurs with the resultative ending —zhao, “to meet, to touch, to cone into contact with.” Zhèr dìfang tài xiǎo dōngxi tài duō. Zǒu lùde shíhou, bù shi chuàngzhao zhuōzi, jiù shi chuàngzhao yǐzi. It's too close in here, too many things. When you walk, if you're not bumping into tables, then you're bumping into chairs. chǔlǐ: “To manage, to handle an affair, to take care of something” Wǒ bù huì chǔli zhèijian shì. I can”t take care of this matter. Nèijian shì ta chǔlǐde hěn hǎo. He has managed that affair very well. chū chēhuò: “To have a car accident”, or more literally “to produce a car disaster”. This is more serious than the phrase chū shì. Tā chū chēhuò yīhòu, hěn jiǔ jǐngchá cái lái. After he had the accident, it was a long time until the police came. lìhai: ”To be severe”,“to be fierce”, “seriously” Tā bìngde hěn lìhai. He is seriously ill. chū shì: “To have an accident, to have something go wrong.” This phrase is used to describe a serious, unpleasant happening. Tā jiā chū shì le, wǒmen qù kànkan. Something has happened in his home, let's go see. (e.g., a robbery, an arrest)

xiūli: “To fix, to repair”. pidài: “Fan belt”, sometimes simply called pidài, which is literally “leather belt”. Pidài is used for “belt” in machine terminology as in sānjiǎopídài, “V-belt”. xiūhào: “To fix successfully, to repair successfully.” The syllable -hǎo indicates the result of the action, that is that the repairs were successfully completed. Yào jǐtian kéyi xiūhāo? How many days will it take to fix it? In the above sentence, the auxiliary verb yào means “to need, to require, to take”. gūjì: Originally this verb meant simply “to estimate (a figure)”. Now it also means “to guess”. Zhèijiàn dàyi nǐ gūjì děi duōshao qián? How much do you estimate this overcoat costs? Wǒ gūjì tā míngtian bū huì lái. My guess is he won”t come tomorrow. In this sentence the auxiliary verb huì means “to be likely to”, “to be possible to”. tiáozhěng: “To adjust, to coordinate, to regulate.” Qǐng bǎ nèige zhōng tiáozhěng yíxià. Please adjust that clock a little. gū jià: “To estimate a price.” Zhèige fángzi kéyi mài duōshao qián, nǐ néng gūyigū jià ma? Can you estimate how much this house can sell for?

ànzhào 按照 according to bǎoxiǎn 保险 to insure, to be insured bǎoxiāngàng 保险杠 bumper biànsùqì 变速器 gear shift biě 瘪 to be dented chǔlǐ 处理 to handle, manage chāo sù 超速 to exceed the speed limit chēhuò 车祸 car accident chēmén 车门 car door chēshēn 车身 body of a car chētou 车头 car hood chuàng 疮 to bump into, to collide with chuànghuài le 疮坏了 damaged chū shi 出事 to have an accident dà hòutian 大后天 the third day from now dài 带 to carry along with, to bring dānzi 单子 ticket, note dēngjìzhèng 登记证 car registration dòng 动 to move fákuǎn 罚款 to fine, to issue a fine fákuǎndān 罚款单 ticket, a fine fēngshàn 风扇 fan Gōngānjú 公安局 Bureau of Public Safety gūjì 估计 to estimate jiàshǐ zhízhào 驾驶执照 driver’s license jǐngchá 检察 police jīqi 机器 engine, more literally, “machine” liǎo 憭 to be severe páidǎng 档档 transmission páízhào 牌照 license plates páiqìguǎn 排气管 exhaust pipe pēnqī 喷漆 to spray paint pídài 皮带 belt qī 漆 paint, lacquer qǔ 取 to pick up, to get, to fetch rènyuàn 人员 personnel sōng 松 to be loose shòushāng 受伤 to be injured shuōmíng 说明 explanation tiáozhěng 调整 to adjust wàijiāo 外交 diplomacy, foreign relations vàijiaoguān 外市关 diplomat wàishì 外市 foreign affairs wàishì jǐngchá 外市警察 foreign affairs police wān 弯 to bend xiūhǎo 修好 to fix xiūli 修理 to repair zìdòng 自动 automatic