10 Unit 3

10.1 References

10.1.1 Reference List

(in Běijīng)

1. A: Qǐng ni gěi wǒ kànkan nèige huāpíng. 请你给我看看那个花瓶? Please give me that vase to look at.
2. B: Něige? Zhèige lánde, háishi zhèige hóngde? 哪个?这个兰的,还是这个红的? Which one? This blue one or this red, one?
3. A: Nèi liǎngge dōu gěi wǒ kànkan, hǎo ma? 那两个都给我看看,好吗? Give me both of them to look at. All right?
B: Hǎo. 好。 Certainly.
4. A: Lánde tài guì le. 蓝的太贵了。 The blue one is too expensive.
5. A: Wǒ mǎi hóngde ba. Hóngde pyányi. 我买红的把。红的便宜。 I'll buy the red one, I guess. The red one is cheaper.
B: Èng, hóngde piányi. ??,红的便宜。 Mm, the red one is cheaper.
6. C: Zhèi liǎngge xuésheng, něige hǎo? 这两个学生,哪个好? Which of these two students is better?
D: Sīmǎ Xìn hǎo. 司马信好。 Sīmǎ Xìn is better.
7. A: Nǐ yǒu dà yìdiǎnrde ma? 你有大一点儿的吗? Do you have one a little larger?
B: Yǒu. Nín kàn zhèige zěnmeyàng? 有。您看这个怎么样? We do. What do you think of this one?
8. A: Zhèige dàde zhēn hǎokàn. 这个大的真好看。 This large one is really nice looking.
9. A: Hǎo, wǒ mǎi dàde ba. 好我买大的把。 Okay, I'll' buy the large one, I guess.
B: Nín yào jǐge? 您要几个? How many do you want?
A: Qǐng gěi wǒ liǎngge ba. 请给我两个把。 How about giving me two, please.
Additional required vocabulary (not presented on C-l and P-I tapes)
10. bái to be white
11. hēi to be black
12. huáng to be yellow, to be brown
13. 绿 to be green
14. jiù to be old, to be used, to be worn
15. xīn to be new
16. gāo to be tall
17. ǎi to he short (of stature)
18. gāoxìng 高兴 to be happy
19. nánkàn 难看 to be ugly
20. yìbǎ yǔsǎn 一把雨伞 one umbrella
21. kàn to read, to look at, to visit

10.1.2 Vocabulary

ǎi to be short (of stature)
-bǎ counter for things with handles
bái to be white
gāo to be tall
gāoxìng 高兴 to be happy
guì to be expensive
háishi 还是 or
hǎo to be better
hǎokàn 好看 to be beautiful, to be nice looking
hēi to be black
hóng to be red
huáng to be yellow, to te brown
huāpíng 花瓶 vase
jiù to be old, to be used, to be worn
kàn to think (express an opinion)
kànkan 看看 to read, to look at, to visit, to look at
lán to be blue
绿 to be green
nánkàn 难看 to be ugly
piányi 便宜 to be inexpensive, to be cheap
tài too (excessive)
xīn to be new
yǔsǎn 雨伞 umbrella
zěnmeyàng 怎么样 to be how, how is __?
zhēn really

10.1.3 Reference Notes

10.1.3.1 Notes on №1
1. A: Qǐng ni gěi wǒ kànkan nèige huāpíng. 请你给我看看那个花瓶? Please give me that vase to look at.

Reduplication of action verbs: In the sentence above, the action verb kàn appears in reduplicated form: kànkan [stress on first syllable; second syllable unstressed, usually toneless]. The reduplicated verb could also have been formed with between the two syllables: kànyikan , literally, "to look one look." kànyikan or kàn is used when you want to say "to have/take a look (at something.)

Many but not all, action verbs may be reduplicated, Of the verbs you learned, niàn, shuō, tīng, xiě, and xiǎng may be reduplicated this way.

Reduplication is another my of indicating aspect.

🛈︎
Note

The aspect marker -guo, le, and ne have already been introduced. For the meaning of the word "aspect," see BIO, Unit 4.

By using a reduplicated verb, you express the INDEFIHITENESS of an action. Use a reduplicated verb when the duration or extent of an action or the amount verb object is indefinite. For example, saying Qǐng nǐ gěi wǒ kànkan indicate an indefinite duration for the action of looking at the vase.

There are several reasons for using a reduplicated verb to Indicate finite action. In the Reference List sentence above, a speaker asks permission to look at something; therefore, his request must be tentative and undemanding,

Reduplicated verbs are not commonly used with the aspect marker le (perhaps because stressing both the indefiniteness and the completion of action would not be consistent). When completion le does occur with reduplicated verb, the marker is placed after the first half of that verb before the second half. The second half of the reduplicated verb then resembles an object, as in "looked one look" or "thought a thought."

Wǒ kànle kàn nèige huāpíng. I looked at that vase.

kàn and xiǎng are the two verbs you have learned which may take le when reduplicated.

To make a reduplicated verb negative (with or méi) would be as wrong as saying in English "I don't look at it a little." To say that an action was not performed, is habitually not performed, or will not be performed, use the simple form of the verb, not the reduplicated form:

Zhèifèn bào, wǒ hái méiyou kàn. I haven't read this paper yet.
Wǒ bú kàn Zhōngwén bào. I don't read Chinese newspapers.
Wǒ bú kàn zhèige. I'm not going to read this.

The objects of reduplicated action verbs cannot be indefinite. For example, it is wrong to say because Qǐng nǐ gěi wǒ kànkan yige huāpíng, because yige huāpíng "a vase," is indefinite—which vase is not known, However, reduplicated verbs may have noun objects which are specified, like "that vase."

Niànnian shū, kànkan bào dōu hěn hǎo. Studying a little and reading a little are both nice.
Tā jiù shi shuōshuo. He's just talking.
Nǐ tīngting tā shuō shénme. Listen to what he is saying.
Tā tiāntian dōu kànkan shū, xiěxie zì. Every day he reads a little and writes characters a bit.
Ni xiǎngxiang tā xìng shénme. Try to think what his surname is.
Example 9.1 Examples

🛈︎
Note

Notice that in some of the examples the verb kàn means "to read," not "to look at."

10.1.3.2 Notes on №2
2. B: Něige? Zhèige lánde, háishi zhèige hóngde? 哪个?这个兰的,还是这个红的? Which one? This blue one or this red, one?

means 11 or.If In a cboice-type ^estion without hilshi,bpth choices muet include a vert; but in & guestion containing hlīshi> the second verb may be omitted-

10.1.3.3 Notes on №3
3. A: Nèi liǎngge dōu gěi wǒ kànkan, hǎo ma? 那两个都给我看看,好吗? Give me both of them to look at. All right?
B: Hǎo. 好。 Certainly.
10.1.3.4 Notes on №4
4. A: Lánde tài guì le. 蓝的太贵了。 The blue one is too expensive.
10.1.3.5 Notes on №5
5. A: Wǒ mǎi hóngde ba. Hóngde pyányi. 我买红的把。红的便宜。 I'll buy the red one, I guess. The red one is cheaper.
B: Èng, hóngde piányi. ??,红的便宜。 Mm, the red one is cheaper.
10.1.3.6 Notes on №6
6. C: Zhèi liǎngge xuésheng, něige hǎo? 这两个学生,哪个好? Which of these two students is better?
D: Sīmǎ Xìn hǎo. 司马信好。 Sīmǎ Xìn is better.
10.1.3.7 Notes on №7
7. A: Nǐ yǒu dà yìdiǎnrde ma? 你有大一点儿的吗? Do you have one a little larger?
B: Yǒu. Nín kàn zhèige zěnmeyàng? 有。您看这个怎么样? We do. What do you think of this one?
10.1.3.8 Notes on №8-9
8. A: Zhèige dàde zhēn hǎokàn. 这个大的真好看。 This large one is really nice looking.
9. A: Hǎo, wǒ mǎi dàde ba. 好我买大的把。 Okay, I'll' buy the large one, I guess.
B: Nín yào jǐge? 您要几个? How many do you want?
A: Qǐng gěi wǒ liǎngge ba. 请给我两个把。 How about giving me two, please.

10.2 Drills

10.2.1 

10.2.2 

10.2.3 

10.2.4 

10.2.5 

10.2.6 

10.2.7 

10.2.8 

10.2.9 

10.2.10