11 Unit 1
11.1 Introduction
11.1.1 Topics covered in this unit
Where people are staying (hotels),
Short answers.
The question word
, “which.”
11.1.2 Material you will need
The C-l and P-1 tapes, the Reference List and Reference Notes.
The C-2 and P-2 tapes, the Workbook.
The drill tape (1D-1).
11.2 References
11.2.1 Reference List
(in
)1. | A: | 請問,你朱在哪兒? | May I ask, where are you staying? | |
B: | 握住在北京飯店。 | I’m staying at the Beijing Hotel. | ||
2. | A: | 你住在民族飯店嗎? | Are you staying at the Nationalities Hotel? | |
B: | 是,我住在民族飯店嗎。 | Yes, I’m staying at the Nationalities Hotel. | ||
3. | A: | 你住在哪個飯店? | Which hotel are you staying at? | |
B: | 我住在北京飯店。 | I’m staying ate the Beijing Hotel. | ||
4. | A: | 哪位是張同志? | Which one is Comrade | ?|
B: | 他是張同志。 | She is Comrade | .||
5. | A: | 哪個人是梅同志? | Which person is Comrade | ?|
B: | 那個人是梅同志。 | That person is Comrade | .||
6. | A: | 哪位是高同志。 | Which one is Comrade | ?|
B: | 那位是高同志。 | That one is Comrade | .||
7.a |
A: | 你住在這個飯店嗎? | Are you staying at this hotel? | |
B: | 不,我不住在這個飯店。 | No, I’m staying at this hotel. | ||
8. | A: | 江同志!您早。 | Comrade | ! Good morning.|
B: | 早。諾瓦克 女士!您好。 | Good morning, Ms. Novak! How are you? | ||
A: |
🛈︎
Tone sandhi
There is a one sandhi shift here for 2 3rd tones in a row to . |
我很好 | I’m very well. | |
9. | A: | 請問,你是美國哪兒人? | May I ask, where are you from in America? | |
B: | 我是加州舊金山人。 | I’m from San Francisco, California. |
This exchange occurs on the C-l tape only.
11.2.2 Vocabulary
飯店 | hotel | |
個 | general counter | |
很 | very | |
舊金山 | San Francisco | |
民族飯店 | Nationalities Hotel | |
哪-? | which | |
哪個? | which? | |
那個 | that | |
哪位? | which one (person)? | |
那位 | that one (person) | |
女士 | polite title for a married or unmarried woman) Ms.; Lady | |
是 | yes, that’s so. | |
位 | polite counter for people | |
早 | good morning | |
這- | this | |
這個 | this | |
這位 | this one (person) | |
住 | to stay, to live |
11.2.3 Reference Notes
11.2.3.1 Notes on № 1
1. | A: | 請問,你朱在哪兒? | May I ask, where are you staying? | |
B: | 我住在北京飯店。 | I’m staying at the | Hotel.
The verb
, “to live,” or “to reside,” may be used to mean “to stay at” (temporary residence) or “to live in” (permanent residence).literally means “live at where.” The verb , “to be in/at/on,” is used here as a preposition “at.” It loses its tone in this position in a sentence. (The use of as a preposition is treated more fully in Unit 2.)
1 Literally, means “rice shop.”
has two meanings—“restaurant” and “hotel” (a relatively large hotel with modern facilities).11.2.3.2 Notes on № 2
2. | A: | 你住在民族飯店嗎? | Are you staying at the Nationalities Hotel? | |
B: | 是,我住在民族飯店。 | Yes, I’m staying at the Nationalities Hotel. |
: The usual way to give a short affirmative answer is to repeat the verb used in the question. Some verbs, however, may not be repeated as short answers. is one such verb. Others not to be used are , “to be surnamed,” and , “to be given-named.” Many speakers do not repeat the verb as a short answer. To give a short “yes” answer to questions containing these verbs, you use .
11.2.3.3 Notes on № 3–7
3. | A: | 你住在哪個飯店? | Which hotel are you staying at? | |
B: | 我住在北京飯店。 | I’m staying ate the Beijing Hotel. | ||
4. | A: | 哪位是張同志? | Which one is Comrade | ?|
B: | 他是張同志。 | She is Comrade | .||
5. | A: | 哪個人是梅同志? | Which person is Comrade | ?|
B: | 那個人是梅同志。 | That person is Comrade | .||
6. | A: | 哪位是高同志。 | Which one is Comrade | ?|
B: | 那位是高同志。 | That one is Comrade | .||
7. | A: | 你住在這個飯店嗎? | Are you staying at this hotel? | |
B: | 不,我不住在這個飯店。 | No, I’m staying at this hotel. |
is the question word “which.” In the compound , you found the bound word , which was attached to the noun . In the phrase , “which person,” the bound word is attached to the general counter . (You will learn more about counters in Unit 3. For now, you nay think of as an ending which turns the bound word into the full word .)
: To be polite when referring to an adult, you say or , using the polite counter for people rather than the general counter , though is used in many informal situations.
Notice that the noun
is not used directly after :Compare the specifying words “which?” “that,” and “this” with the location words you learned in Unit 4 of ORN:
Specifying words | Location words | ||
---|---|---|---|
which? | where? | ||
that | there | ||
this | here |
Both question words are in the Low tone, while the other four words are in the Falling tone.
Many people pronounce the words for “which?” “that,” and “this” with the usual vowels for “where?” “there,” and “here”:
? , and .: A short negative answer is usually formed by plus a repetition of the verb used in the question. When a verb, like ( ), cannot be repeated, is used as a short answer and is followed by a complete answer. Notice that when used by itself is in the Falling ton, but when followed by a Falling tone syllable is in the Rising tone.
No, he’s not here now.
11.2.3.4 Notes on № 8
8. | A: | 江同志!您早。 | Comrade Jiang! Good morning. | |
B: | 早。諾瓦克 女士!您好。 | Good morning, Ms. Novak! How are you? |
Name as greeting: A greeting may consist simply of a person’s name:
! “Comrade !” The name may also be used with a greeting phrase: “Comrade ! Good morning.”—or, in reverse order, “Good morning. Comrade !” The name is pronounced as an independent exclamation acknowledging that person’s presence and status. It is not de-emphasized like “Comrade ,” in the English sentence “Good morning, Comrade .”means “good morning”—literally, “you are early.” You may also say either or simply .
, “Ms.,” is a formal, respectful title for a married or unmarried woman. It is used after a woman’s own surname, not her husband’s. Traditionally, this title was used for older, educated, and accomplished women.
In the PRC, where people use
, “Comrade,” in general only foreign women are referred to and addressed as (so-and-so) . On Taiwan, however, any woman may be called (so-and-so) in a formal context, such as a speech or an invitation.: This greeting may be said either with or without a question marker, just as in English we say “How are you?” as a question or “How are you” as a simple greeting.
How are you?
How are you.
Also Just as in English, you may respond to the greeting by repeating it rather than giving an answer.
Comrade ! How are you.
How are you. Comrade !
Literally,
means “very.” The word often accompanies adjectival verbs (like , “to be good”), adding little to their meaning. (See also Module 3, Unit 3.)How to identify yourself: You have now learned several ways to introduce yourself. One simple, direct way is to extend your hand and state your name in Chinese—for instance,
. Here are some other ways:I’m | .|
My surname is | .|
My surname is ; I’m called . |
|
My Chinese name is | .
11.2.3.5 Notes on № 9
9. | A: | 請問,你是美國哪兒的人? | May I ask, where are you from in America? | |
B: | 我是加州舊金山人。 | I’m from San Francisco, California. |
Order of place names: Notice that
is literally “California, San Francisco.” In Chinese, the larger unit cones before the smaller. Similarly, in the question the name of the country comes before the question word , which is asking for a more detailed location. The larger unit is usually repeated in the answer:Literally,
means “Old Gold Mountain.” The Chinese gave this name to San Francisco during the Gold Rush days.11.3 Drills
11.3.1 Response drill
Respond according to the cue
Question | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
他/她住在哪兒?
Where is he/she staying? |
北京飯店
the Hotel |
他/她住在北京飯店。
He/she is staying at the Hotel. |
||
2. |
你愛人住在哪兒?
Where is your spouse staying? |
民族飯店
the Nationalities Hotel |
他/她住在民族飯店。
He/she is staying at the Nationalities Hotel. |
||
3. |
李同志住在哪兒?
Where is Comrade staying? |
這個飯店
this hotel |
他/她住在這個飯店。
He/she is staying at this hotel. |
||
4. |
方同志住在哪兒?
Where is Comrade staying? |
那個飯店
that hotel |
他/她住在那個飯店。
He/she is staying at that hotel. |
||
5. |
陳同志住在哪兒?
Where is Comrade staying? |
北京飯店
the Hotel |
他/她住在北京飯店。
He/she is staying at the Hotel. |
||
6. |
林同志住在哪兒?
Where is Comrade staying? |
民族飯店
the Nationalities Hotel |
他/她住在民族飯店。
He/she is staying at the Nationalities Hotel. |
||
7. |
黃同志住在哪兒?
Where is Comrade staying? |
這個飯店
this hotel |
他/她住在這個飯店。
He/she is staying at this hotel. |
11.3.2 Response drill
Question | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
高女士住在民族飯店嗎?
Is Ms. staying at the Nationalities Hotel? |
是,她住在民族飯店。
Yes, she is staying at the Nationalities Hotel. |
|
2. |
張女士住在北京飯店嗎?
Is Ms. staying at the Hotel? |
是,她住在北京飯店。
Yes, she is staying at the Hotel. |
|
3. |
江女士住在這個飯店嗎?
Is Ms. staying at this hotel? |
是,她住在這個飯店。
Yes, she is staying at this hotel. |
|
4. |
黃女士住在那個飯店嗎?
Is Ms. staying at that hotel? |
是,她住在那個飯店。
Yes, she is staying at that hotel. |
|
5. |
王女士住在北京飯店嗎?
Is Ms. staying at the Hotel? |
是,她住在北京飯店。
Yes, she is staying at the Hotel. |
|
6. |
林女士住在民族飯店嗎?
Is Ms. staying at the Nationalities Hotel? |
是,她住在民族飯店。
Yes, she is staying at the Nationalities Hotel. |
|
7. |
毛女士住在這個飯店嗎?
Is Ms. staying at this hotel? |
是,她住在這個飯店。
Yes, she is staying at this hotel. |
11.3.3 Response drill
Question | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
江先生住在這個飯店嗎?
Is Mr. staying at this hotel? |
不是,他不住在這個飯店。
No, he is not staying at this hotel. |
|
2. |
馬先生住在那個飯店嗎?
Is Mr. staying at that hotel? |
不是,他不住在那個飯店。
No, he is not staying at that hotel. |
|
3. |
李先生住在國賓大飯店嗎?
Is Mr. staying at the Ambassador Hotel? |
不是,他不住在國賓大飯店。
No, he is not staying at the Ambassador Hotel. |
|
4. |
趙先生住在圓山大飯店嗎?
Is Mr. staying at the hotel? |
不是,他不住在圓山大飯店。
No, he is not staying at the hotel. |
|
5. |
劉先生住在圓山大飯店嗎?
Is Mr. staying at the hotel? |
不是,他不住在圓山大飯店。
No, he is not staying at the hotel. |
|
6. |
唐先生住在那個飯店嗎?
Is Mr. staying at that hotel? |
不是,他不住在那個飯店。
No, he is not staying at that hotel. |
|
7. |
宋先生住在這個飯店嗎?
Is Mr. staying at this hotel. |
不是,他不住在這個飯店。
No, he is not staying at this hotel. |
11.3.4 Response drill
Question | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
唐同志在在這個飯店嗎?
Is Comrade staying at this hotel? |
這個飯店
this hotel |
是,他/她住在這個飯店。
Yes, he/she is staying at this hotel. |
||
2. |
馬同志住在那個飯店嗎?
Is Comrade staying at that hotel? |
這個飯店
this hotel |
不是,他/她不住在那個飯店。
No, he/she is not staying at that hotel. |
||
3. |
李同志住在北京飯店嗎?
Is Comrade staying at the Hotel? |
北京飯店
Hotel |
是,他/她住在北京飯店。
Yes, he/she is staying at the Hotel. |
||
4. |
趙同志住在民族飯店嗎?
Is Comrade staying at the Nationalities Hotel? |
北京飯店
Hotel |
不是,他/她不住在民族飯店。
No, he/she is not staying at the Nationalities Hotel. |
||
5. |
劉同志住在這個飯店嗎?
Is Comrade staying at this hotel? |
那個飯店
that hotel |
不是,他/她不住在這個飯店。
No, he/she is not staying at this hotel. |
||
6. |
江同志住在那個飯店?
Is Comrade staying at that hotel? |
那個飯店
that hotel |
是,他/她住在那個飯店。
Yes, he/she is staying at that hotel. |
||
7. |
張同志住在北京飯店嗎?
Is Comrade staying at the Hotel? |
民族飯店
Nationalities Hotel |
不是,他/她不住在北京飯店。
No, he/she is not staying at the Hotel. |
11.3.5 Transformation drill
Question | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
那個人是李同志。
That person is Comrade . |
那位是李同志。
That one is Comrade . |
|
2. |
這個人是方同志。
This person is Comrade . |
這位是方同志。
This one is Comrade . |
|
3. |
那個人是江同志。
That person is Comrade . |
那位是江同志。
That one is Comrade . |
|
4. |
這個人是周同志。
This person is Comrade . |
這位是周同志。
This one is Comrade . |
|
5. |
那個人是張同志。
That person is Comrade . |
那位是張同志。
That one is Comrade . |
|
6. |
這個人是陳同志。
This person is Comrade Chén. |
這位是陳同志。
This one is Comrade . |
|
7. |
那個人是衚同志。
That person is Comrade . |
那位是衚同志。
That one is Comrade Hú. |
11.3.6 Response drill
Question | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
他/她住在哪個飯店?
Which hotel is he/she staying at? |
民族飯店
the Nationalities Hotel |
他/她住在民族飯店。
He/she is staying at the Nationalities Hotel. |
||
2. |
張同志住在哪個飯店?
Which hotel is Comrade staying at? |
北京飯店
the Běijīng Hotel |
他/她住在
He/she is staying at the Hotel. |
||
3. |
江同志住在哪個飯店?
Which hotel is Comrade staying at? |
哪個飯店
that hotel |
他/她住在
He/she is staying at that hotel. |
||
4. |
王同志住在哪個飯店?
Which hotel is Comrade staying at? |
這個飯店
this hotel |
他/她住在這個飯店。
He/she is staying at this hotel. |
||
5. |
黃同志住在哪個飯店?
Which hotel is Comrade staying at? |
民族飯店
the Nationalities Hotel |
他/她住在民族飯店。
He/she is staying at the Nationalities Hotel. |
||
6. |
林同志住在哪個飯店?
Which hotel is Comrade staying at? |
北京飯店
this hotel |
他/她住在北京飯店。
He/she is staying at the Beijing hotel. |
||
7. |
劉同志住在哪個飯店?
Which hotel is Comrade staying at? |
這個飯店
this hotel |
他/她住在這個飯店。
He/she is staying at this hotel. |
11.3.7 Response drill
Question | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
請問,哪個人是王德賢?
May I ask, which person is ? |
那個人是王德賢。
That person is . |
|
2. |
請問,哪個人是趙世民?
May I ask, which person is ? |
那個人是趙世民。
That person is . |
|
3. |
請問,哪個人是林寶蘭?
May I ask, which person is ? |
那個人是林寶蘭。
That person is . |
|
4. |
請問,哪個人是高廷峯?
May I ask, which person is ? |
那個人是高廷峯。
That person is . |
|
5. |
請問,哪個人是張婉如?
May I ask, which person is ? |
那個人是張婉如。
That person is . |
|
6. |
請問,哪個人是胡美玲?
May I ask, which person is ? |
那個人是胡美玲。
That person is . |
|
7. |
請問,哪個人是宋知遠?
May I ask, which person is ? |
那個人是宋知遠。
That person is . |
11.3.8 Transformation drill
Statement | Question | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
他/她老家在青島。
His/her family is from . |
他/她老家在哪兒?
Where is his/her family from? |
|
2. |
他/她現在在加拿大。
He /she is in Canada now. |
他/她現在在哪兒?
Where is he/she now? |
|
3. |
他/她住在北京飯店。
He/she is staying at the Hotel. |
他/她住在哪個飯店?
In which hotel is he/she staying? |
|
4. |
他/她現在在山東。
He /she is in now. |
他/她現在在哪兒?
Where is he/she now? |
|
5. |
他/她住在民族飯店。
He/she is staying at the Nationalities Hotel. |
他/她住在哪個飯店?
In which hotel is he/she staying? |
|
6. |
他/她老家在湖北。
His/her family is from . |
他/她老家在那兒?
Where is his/her family from? |
|
7. |
他/她現在在美國。
He/she is in America now. |
他/她現在在哪兒?
Where is he/she now? |
|
8. |
他/她住在這個飯店。
He/she is staying at this hotel. |
他/她住在哪個飯店?
In which hotel is he/she staying? |
|
9. |
他/她老家在廣東
His/her family is from . |
他/她老家在那兒?
Where is his/her family from? |