12 Unit 2
12.1 Introduction
12.1.1 Topics covered in this unit
Where people are staying (houses).
Where people are working.
Addresses.
The marker
.The marker
.The prepositional verb
.
12.1.2 Material you will need
The C-l and P-1 tapes, the Reference List and Reference Notes.
The C-2 and P-2 tapes, the Workbook.
The 2D-1 tape.
12.2 References
12.2.1 Reference List
1. | A: | 你住在哪理? | Where are you staying? | |
B: | 我住在國賓大飯店。 | I’m staying at the Ambassador Hotel. | ||
2. | A: | 你住在哪理? | Where are you staying? | |
B: | 我住在這理。 | I’m staying here. | ||
A: | 他呢? | How about him? | ||
B: | 他住在那理。 | He is staying there. | ||
3. | A: | 你住在哪理? | Where are you staying? | |
B: | 我住在朋友家。 | I’m staying at a friend’s home. | ||
4. | A: | 你朋友家在哪理? | Where is your friend’s house? | |
B: | 他家在大力街。 | His house is on | Street.||
5. | A: | 你朋友的地址是……? | What is your friend’s address? | |
B: | 他的地址是大力街四十二號。 | His address is № 42 | Street.||
6.a | A: | 你是魏少校吧? | You are Major Weiss, aren’t you? | |
B: | 是的。 | Yes. | ||
7.b | A: | 那是國賓大飯店吧? | That is Ambassador Hotel, isn’t it? | |
B: | 是的。 | Yes. | ||
8. | A: | 你朋友現在在哪裏工作? | Where does your friend work now? | |
B: | 他在臺南工作。 | He works in | .||
9.c | A: | 你在哪裏工作? | Where do you work? | |
B: | 我在武官處工作。 | I work at the Defense Attache’s Office. | ||
10.d | A: | 你在哪裏工作? | Where do you work? | |
B: | 我在銀行工作。 | I work at a bank. | ||
11.e | A: | 你朋友在臺北工作嗎? | Does your friend work in Taipei? | |
B: | 他不在臺北工作。他在臺中工作。 | He doesn’t work in Taipei; he works in Taichung. |
12.2.2 Vocabulary
吧 | question marker expressing supposition of what answer will be | |
大飯店 | hotel | |
的 | possessive marker | |
地址 | address | |
工作 | to work | |
國賓大飯店 | Ambassador Hotel | |
—號 | number (in address) | |
家 | home, house | |
街 | street | |
路 | road | |
那— | that | |
那個 | that (one) | |
哪裏 | where | |
那裏 | there | |
朋友 | friend | |
少校 | major (military title) | |
是的 | Yes, that’s so. | |
武官處 | defense attache office | |
銀行 | bank | |
在 | to be in/at/on (prepositional verb) | |
這 | this | |
這個 | this (one) | |
這裏 | here | |
第一大飯店 | First Hotel | |
美國國際交流總署 | U.S. International Communications Agency | |
美國銀行 | Bank of America | |
臺灣銀行 | Bank of Taiwan | |
郵政局 | post office |
12.2.3 Reference Notes
12.2.3.1 Notes on №1–2
1. | A: | 你住在哪理? | Where are you staying? | |
B: | 我住在國賓大飯店。 | I’m staying at the Ambassador Hotel. | ||
2. | A: | 你住在哪理? | Where are you staying? | |
B: | 我住在這理。 | I’m staying here. | ||
A: | 他呢? | How about him? | ||
B: | 他住在那理。 | He is staying there. |
The word
actually refers to any official state guest, not just an ambassador. (The word for “ambassador” is ) The translation “Ambassador Hotel” has been used for years by that hotel and, although inaccurate, has been retained in this text.means “great hotel” or “grand hotel.” It is commonly used in the names of Taiwan and Hong Kong hotels.
, , and are common variants of , , and in non-Peking dialects of Standard Chinese. The forms with r are Peking dialect forms.
Compare:
Peking | Other | |
---|---|---|
where? | ||
there | ||
here |
12.2.3.2 Notes on №3–4
3. | A: | 你住在哪理? | Where are you staying? | |
B: | 我住在朋友家。 | I’m staying at a friend’s home. | ||
4. | A: | 你朋友家在哪理? | Where is your friend’s house? | |
B: | 他家在大力街。 | His house is on | Street.
The possessive relationships in
, “friend’s house,” , “your friend’s house,” and , “his house,” are unmarked, while the English must include -’s or the possessive form of the pronoun (“your,” “his”). In Chinese, possessive relationships may be expressed by simply putting the possessor in front of the possessed when the relationship between the two is particularly close, like the relationship between a person and his home, family, or friends.12.2.3.3 Notes on №5
5. | A: | 你朋友的地址是……? | What is your friend’s address? | |
B: | 他的地址是大力街四十二號。 | His address is № 42 | street.
“The marker - in this phrase is Just like the English possessive ending -’s. With the exception of close relationships, this is the usual way to form the possessive in Chinese.
-de | ||
your friend | ’s | address |
my | |
your | |
his/her |
short or simple | long or complex | ||
---|---|---|---|
But these are not hard and fast rules. The use or omission of -
is not determined solely by the number of syllables in a phrase or by the closeness between the possessor and the possessed, although both of these considerations do play a big part in the decision.While some common nouns are usually used without -
before them, most nouns are more likely to be preceded by - , and many even require it. , “address,” is the only noun you have learned which REQUIRES the possessive marker - added to the possessor. But other nouns such as are not always preceded by - . This is also the case with nouns indicating personal relationships, like , “father,” and “wife.” , “friend,” , “student,” and “teacher” are commonly used without - , but may also be used with the marker.You might expect the question
to be completed with a word such as , “what.” However, the incomplete form given in this exchange, with the voice trailing off, inviting completion, is also commonly used.Addresses: The order in which addresses are given in Chinese is the reverse of that used in English. In Chinese, the order is from the general to the specific: country, province or state, city, street name, street number.
-1
: A street number is always given with the bound word - , “number,” after it.12.2.3.4 Notes on №6–7
6. | A: | 你是魏少校吧? | You are Major Weiss, aren’t you? | |
B: | 是的。 | Yes. | ||
7. | A: | 那是國賓大飯店吧? | That is Ambassador Hotel, isn’t it? | |
B: | 是的。 | Yes. |
is a marker for a question which expresses the speaker’s supposition as to what the answer will be. It is the type of question which asks for a confirmation from the listener.
There are three ways to translate the two questions in exchanges 6 and 7 into English:
Aren’t you Major Weiss? You are Major Weiss, aren’t you? You must be Major Weiss. |
|
Isn’t that the Ambassador Hotel? That is the Ambassador Hotel, isn’t it? That must be the Ambassador Hotel. |
Each translation reflects a different degree of certainty on the part of the speaker. (While the differences in certainty are expressed in English by variation in wording, they can be expressed in Chinese by intonation.) You will probably find that the “isn’t it”, “aren’t you” translation fits most situations.
The short answer
is an expanded form of the short answer , with the same meaning: “Yes, that’s so.” is also the word used for the “yes” in the military “Yes, sir.”( ): In the subject position, ( ), “that,” and ( ), “this,” may be used either as free words or as bound words, with - following.
Compare:
That | is the Ambassador Hotel. | |
That | one | is the Ambassador Hotel. |
Which one is the Ambassador Hotel? |
12.2.3.5 Notes on №8–11
8. | A: | 你朋友現在在哪裏工作? | Where does your friend work now? | |
B: | 他在臺南工作。 | He works in | .||
9. | A: | 你在哪裏工作? | Where do you work? | |
B: | 我在武官處工作。 | I work at the Defense Attache’s Office. | ||
10. | A: | 你在哪裏工作? | Where do you work? | |
B: | 我在銀行工作。 | I work at a bank. | ||
11. | A: | 你朋友在臺北工作嗎? | Does your friend work in Taipei? | |
B: | 他不在臺北工作。他在臺中工作。 | He doesn’t work in Taipei; he works in Taichung. |
, “defense attache’s office,” literally means “military attache’s office.”
: Compare these two sentences:
He | is in | Tainan. | |
He | in | Tainan | works. |
The sentence
seems to have two verbs: , “to be in/at/on,” and , “to work.” But there is only one verb in the translation: “He works in Tainan.” The translation reflects the fact that loses its full verb status in this sentence and plays a role like that of the English preposition “in” The phrase in Chinese, like the “in” phrase in English, gives more information about the main verb ; that is, it tells where the action takes place. “He works,” and the work takes place “in Tainan.” In sentences like this, the word is a prepositional verb. Most relationships expressed by prepositions in English are expressed by prepositional verbs in Chinese.You have also seen
used as a prepositional verb in the sentence “Where do you live?”—literally, “You live at where?” Notice that in this sentence the prepositional verb phrase comes after the main verb . In the sentence the prepositional verb phrase conies before the main verb . Many things, such as stress, contrast, and other objects in the sentence, can influence the order of the prepositional verb phrase and the main verb.In some cases, either order may be used, as in
or . In other cases, the word order is fixed, as in For text examples, it will be pointed out whether or not the word order may be changed, and the reasons will be given., “He doesn’t work in Taipei”: In this sentence, the negative adverb comes before the prepositional verb (which starts the complete predicate , not before the main verb . This makes sense, for you are not saying “He does NOT WORK,” but you are saying “He does NOT work IN TAIPEI.”
12.3 Drills
12.3.1 Response drill
Question | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
李先生住在那裏?
Where is Mr. staying? |
國賓大飯店
Ambassador Hotel |
他住在國賓大飯店。
He is staying at the Ambassador Hotel. |
||
2. |
高先生住在那裏?
Where is Mr. staying? |
圓山大飯店
hotel |
他住在圓山大飯店。
He is staying at the hotel. |
||
3. |
楊先生住在哪裏?
Where is Mr. staying? |
第一大飯店
Grand Hotel |
他住在第一大飯店。
He is staying at the Grand Hotel. |
||
4. |
唐先生住在哪裏?
Where is Mr. staying? |
這裏
here |
他住在這裏。
He is staying here. |
||
5. |
司馬先生住在哪裏?
Where is Mr. staying? |
朋友家
friend’s house |
他住在朋友家。
He is staying at his friend’s house. |
||
6. |
劉先生住在哪裏?
Where is Mr. staying? |
那裏
there |
他住在那裏。
He is staying there. |
||
7. |
王住在哪裏?
Where is Mr. staying? |
第一大飯店
Grand Hotel |
他住在第一大飯店。
He is staying at the Grand Hotel. |
12.3.2 Response drill
Question | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
他朋友家在哪裏?
Where is your friend’s house? |
博愛路
road |
他家在博愛路。
His/her house is on road. |
||
2. |
李先生家在哪裏?
Where is Mr. house? |
敦化路
road |
他家在敦化路。
His house is on road. |
||
3. |
王先生家在哪裏?
Where is Mr. ’s house? |
農安街
street |
他家在農安街。
His house is on street. |
||
4. |
何先生家在哪裏?
Where is Mr. ’s house? |
大理街
street |
他家在大理街。
His house is on street. |
||
5. |
包先生家在哪裏?
Where is Mr. ’s house? |
南京路
road |
他家在南京路。
His house is on road. |
||
6. |
馬先生家在哪裏?
Where is Mr. ’s house? |
中山路
road |
他家在中山路。
His house is on road. |
||
7. |
林先生家在哪裏?
Where is Mr. ’s house? |
浙江街
street |
他家在浙江街。
His house is on street. |
12.3.3 Response drill
Question | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
你朋友的地址是……?
What is your friend’s address? |
42 號
number 42 |
他/她的地址是大理街四十二號。
His/her address is number 42 street. |
||
2. |
你朋友的地址是……?
What is your friend’s address? |
40 號
number 40 |
他/她的地址是大理街十四號。
His/her address is number 40 street. |
||
3. |
你朋友的地址是……?
What is your friend’s address? |
95 號
number 95 |
他/她的地址是大理街九十五號。
His/her address is number 95 street. |
||
4. |
你朋友的地址是……?
What is your friend’s address? |
26 號
number 26 |
他/她的地址是大理街二十六號。
His/her address is number 26 street. |
||
5. |
你朋友的地址是……?
What is your friend’s address? |
77 號
number 77 |
他/她的地址是大理街七十七號。
His/her address is number 77 street. |
||
6. |
你朋友的地址是……?
What is your friend’s address? |
68 號
number 68 |
他/她的地址是大理街六十八號。
His/her address is number 68 street. |
||
7. |
你朋友的地址是……?
What is your friend’s address? |
44 號
number 44 |
他/她的地址是大理街四十四號。
His/her address is number 44 street. |
12.3.4 Response drill
Question | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
你朋友的地址是……?
What is your friend’s address? |
大理街十四二號
42 street |
他/她的地址是大理街十四二號。
His/her address is number 42 street. |
||
2. |
你朋友的地址是……?
What is your friend’s address? |
博愛路九十四號
94 road |
他/她的地址是博愛路九十四號。
His/her address is number 95 road. |
||
3. |
你朋友的地址是……?
What is your friend’s address? |
敦化路五十五好
55 road |
他/她的地址是敦化路五十五好。
His/her address is number 55 road. |
||
4. |
你朋友的地址是……?
What is your friend’s address? |
農安街七十五號
75 street |
他/她的地址是農安街七十五號。
His/her address is number 75 street. |
||
5. |
你朋友的地址是……?
What is your friend’s address? |
大理街四十二號
42 street |
他/她的地址是大理街四十二號。
His/her address is number 42 street. |
||
6. |
你朋友的地址是……?
What is your friend’s address? |
敦化路五十五號
55 road |
他/她的地址是敦化路五十五號。
His/her address is number 55 road. |
||
7. |
你朋友的地址是……?
What is your friend’s address? |
博愛路九十四號
94 road |
他/她的地址是博愛路九十四號。
His/her address is number 94 road. |
12.3.5 Transformation drill
Statement | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
馬太太家在大理街四十二號。
’s house is at N°42 street. |
她的地址是大理街四十二號。
Her address is N°42 street. |
|
2. |
趙太太家在博愛路九十四號。
Mrs. ’s house is at N°94 road. |
她的地址是博愛路九十四號。
Her address is N°94 road. |
|
3. |
李太太家在敦化路五十五號。
Mrs. ’s house is at road. |
她的地址是敦化路五十五號。
Her address is N°55 road. |
|
4. |
何太太家在農安街七十五號
Mrs. ’s house is at N°75 street. |
她的地址是農安街七十五號。
Her address is N°75 street. |
|
5. |
高太太家在大理街四十二號。
Mrs. ’s house is at N°42 street. |
她的地址是大理解街四十二號。
Her address is N°42 street. |
|
6. |
王太太家在博愛路九十四號。
Mrs. ’s house is at N°94 road. |
她的地址是博愛路九十四號。
Her address is N°94 road. |
|
7. |
林太太家在敦化路五十五號。
Mrs. ’s house is at N°55 road |
她的地址是敦化路五十五號。
Her address is N°55 road. |
12.3.6 Transformation drill
Statement | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
您是魏少校嗎?
Are you Major Weiss? |
您是魏少校吧
You are Major Weiss, aren’t you? |
|
2. |
他是張少校嗎?
Is he Major ? |
他是張少校吧?
He is Major , isn’t he? |
|
3. |
您是黃小姐嗎?
Are you Miss ? |
您是黃小姐吧?
You are Miss , aren’t you? |
|
4. |
那是國賓大飯店嗎?
Is that the Nationalities Hotel? |
那是國賓大飯店吧?
That is the Nationalities Hotel, isn’t it? |
|
5. |
這是第一大飯店嗎?
Is this the Grand Hotel? |
這是第一大飯店吧?
This is the Grand Hotel, isn’t it? |
|
6. |
那位是王太太嗎?
Is that person Mrs. ? |
那位是王太太吧。
This person is Mrs. , isn’t it? |
|
7. |
那是圓山大飯店嗎?
Is that the hotel? |
那是圓山大飯店吧?
That is the hotel, isn’t it? |
12.3.7 Response drill
Question | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
他/她在那哪裏工作?
Where does he/she work? |
臺北
Taipei |
他/她在臺北工作。
He/she works in Taipei. |
||
2. |
他/她在哪裏工作?
Where does he/she work? |
臺南
Tʽai-nan |
他/她在臺南工作。
He/she works in Tʽai-nan. |
||
3. |
他/她在哪裏工作?
Where does he/she work? |
臺中
Tʽai-chung |
他/她在臺中工作。
He/she works in Tʽai-chung. |
||
4. |
他/她在哪裏工作?
Where does he/she work? |
高雄
Kao-hsiung |
他/她在高雄工作。
He/she works in Kao-hsiung. |
||
5. |
他/她在哪裏工作?
Where does he/she work? |
基隆
Chi-lung |
他/她在基隆工作。
He/she works in Chi-lung. |
||
6. |
他/她在哪裏工作?
Where does he/she work? |
臺北
Taipei |
他/她在臺北工作。
He/she works in Taipei. |
||
7. |
他/她在哪裏工作?
Where does he/she work? |
臺中
Tʽai-chung |
他/她在臺中工作。
He/she works in Tʽai-chung. |
12.3.8 Response drill
Question | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
他/她在郵政局工作嗎?
Does he/she work at the post office? |
對了,他/她在郵政局工作。
Yes, he/she works at the post office. |
|
2. |
他/她在武官處工作嗎?
Does he/she works at the military attache’s office? |
對了,他/她在武官處工作。
Yes, he/she works at the military attache’s office. |
|
3. |
他/她在銀行工作嗎?
Does he/she works at the bank? |
對了,他/她在銀行工作。
Yes, he/she works at the bank? |
|
4. |
他/她在美國銀行工作嗎?
Does he/she works at the Bank of America? |
對了,他/她在美國銀行工作。
Yes, he/she works at the Bank of America. |
|
5. |
他/她在臺灣銀行工作嗎?
Does he/she works at the Bank of . |
對了,他/她在臺灣銀行工作。
Yes, he/she works at the Bank of . |
|
6. |
他/她在武官處工作嗎?
Does he/she works at the military attache’s office? |
對了,他/她在武官處工作。
Yes, he/she works at the military attache’s office. |
|
7. |
他/她在郵政局工作嗎?
Does he/she works at the post office? |
對了,他/她在郵政局工作。
Yes, he/she works at the post office. |
12.3.9 Transformation drill
Statement | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
周先生在臺北工作。
Mr. works in . |
周先生現在在臺北工作。
Mr. is working in now. |
|
2. |
張先生在臺中工作。
Mr. works in . |
張先生現在在臺中工作。
Mr. is working in now. |
|
3. |
胡小姐在臺南工作。
Miss works in . |
胡小姐現在在臺南工作。
Miss is working in now. |
|
4. |
馬小姐在高雄工作。
Miss works in . |
馬小姐現在在高雄工作。
Miss is working in now. |
|
5. |
趙先生在基隆工作。
Mr. works in . |
趙先生現在在基隆工作。
Mr. is working in now. |
|
6. |
陳先生在臺北工作。
Mr. works in . |
陳先生現在在臺北工作。
Mr. is working in now. |
|
7. |
江小姐在高雄工作。
Miss works in . |
江小姐現在在高雄工作。
Miss is working in now. |
12.3.10 Transformation drill
Statement | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
衚同志在北京工作。
Comrade works in . |
衚同志不在北京工作。
Comrade doesn’t work in . |
|
2. |
李同志在南京工作。
Comrade works in . |
李同志不在南京工作。
Comrade doesn’t work in . |
|
3. |
他/她在青島工作。
He/she works in . |
他/她不在青島工作。
He/she doesn’t work in . |
|
4. |
林同志在廣州工作。
Comrade works in . |
林同志不在廣州工作。
Comrade doesn’t work in . |
|
5. |
趙同志在上海工作。
Comrade works in . |
趙同志不在上海工作。
Comrade doesn’t work in . |
|
6. |
陳同志在青島工作。
Comrade works in . |
陳同志不在青島工作。
Comrade doesn’t work in . |
|
7. |
黃同志在北京工作。
Comrade works in . |
黃同志不在北京工作。
Comrade doesn’t work in . |
12.3.11 Response drill
Question | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
胡小姐在臺北工作嗎?
Does Miss work in Taipei? |
臺南
Tainan |
她不在臺北工作。她在臺南工作。
She doesn’t work in Taipei; she works in Tainan. |
||
2. |
李太太在臺中工作嗎?
Does Ms work in ? |
基隆
|
她不在臺中工作。 她在基隆工作。
She doesn’t work in ; she works in . |
||
3. |
馬先生在這裏工作嗎?
Does Mr. work here? |
高雄
|
他不在這裏工作。 他在高雄工作。
He doesn’t work here; he works in . |
||
4. |
他/她在武官處工作嗎?
Does he work in the military attaché’s office? |
美國銀行
Bank of America |
他/她不在武官處工作。 他/她在美國銀行工作。
He doesn’t work in the military attaché’s office; he works in the Bank of America. |
||
5. |
他/她在郵政局工作嗎?
Does he work in the post office? |
臺灣銀行
Bank of Taiwan |
他/她不在郵政局工作。 他/她在臺灣銀行工作。
He doesn’t work in the post office; he works in the Bank of Taiwan. |
||
6. |
林先生在那裏工作嗎?
Does Mr. work there? |
這裏
here |
他不在那裏工作。 他在這裏工作。
He doesn’t work there; he works here. |
||
7. |
劉小姐在臺北工作嗎?
Does Miss work in Taipei? |
臺中
|
她不在臺北工作。她在臺中工作。
She doesn’t work in Taipei; she works in . |
12.3.12 Response drill
Question | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
他/她在臺北工作嗎?
Does he/she work in Taipei? |
臺北
Taipei |
對了,他/她在臺北工作。
Yes, he/she works in Taipei. |
||
2. |
他/她在臺北工作嗎?
Does he/she work in Taipei? |
臺南
Tʽai-nan |
他/她不在臺北工作。他/她在臺南工作。
No, he/she doesn’t work in Taipei. he/she works in Tʽai-nan. |
||
3. |
他/她在臺中工作嗎?
Does he/she work in Tʽai-chung. |
基隆
Chi-lung |
他/她不在臺中工作嗎。他/她在基隆工作。
No he/she doesn’t work in Tʽai-chung. He/she works in Chi-lung. |
||
4. |
他/她在這裏工作嗎?
Does he/she work here? |
這裏
here |
對了,他/她在這裏工作。
Yes, he/she works here. |
||
5. |
他/她在郵政局工作嗎?
Does he/she work at the post office? |
臺灣銀行
Bank of Taiwan |
他/她不在郵政局工作。他/她在臺灣銀行工作嗎。
He/she doesn’t work at the post office. He/she works at the Bank of Taiwan. |
||
6. |
他/她在武官處工作嗎?
Does he/she work at the defense attache office? |
這裏
here |
他/她不在武官處工作。他/她在這裏工作。
No, he/she doesn’t work at the defense attache office. He/she works here. |
||
7. |
他/她在美國銀行工作嗎?
Does he/she work at the Bank of America? |
美國銀行
Bank of America |
對了,他/她在美國銀行工作。
Yes, he/she works at the Bank of America. |