8 Unit 2
8.1 Introduction
8.1.1 Topics covered in this unit
Questions and answers about given names.
Yes/no questions.
Negative statement.
Greetings.
8.1.2 Prerequisites to the Unit
P&R 3 and P&R 4 (Tapes 3 and 4 of the resource module on Pronunciation and Romanization).
8.1.3 Materials You Will Need
The C-1 and P-1 tapes, the Reference List and Reference Notes.
The 2D-1 tape.
8.2 References
8.2.1 Reference list
1. | A: | 她是王太太,嗎? | Is she Mrs. | ?|
B: | 她是王太太。 | she is Mrs. | .||
2. | A: | 你是王先生嗎? | Are you Mr. | ?|
B: | 我是王大年。 | I’m | .||
3. | A: | 你是馬先生嗎? | Are you Mr. | .|
B: | 我是王大年。 | I’m | .||
4. | A: | 你是馬先生嗎? | Are you Mr. | ?|
B: | 我不是馬先生。 | I’m not Mr. | .||
5. | A: | 我是王大年。 | I am | .|
B: | 我不是王大年。 | I am not | .||
6. | A: | 你姓方嗎? | Is your surname | ?|
B: | 我不姓方。 | My surname isn’t | .||
7. | A: | 我姓王。 | My surname is | .|
B: | 我不姓王。 | My surname isn’t | .||
8. | A: | 你姓馬嗎? | Is your surname | ?|
B: | 不姓馬。 (我)姓王。 | My surname isn’t | . My surname is .||
9. | A: | 您貴姓? | Your surname? (polite) | |
B: | 我姓王。 | My surname is | .||
10. | A: | 你叫什麼? | What is your given name? | |
B: | 我叫大年。 | My given name is | .||
11. | A: | 你好阿? | How are you? | |
B: | 我好。 | I’m fine. | ||
12. | A: | 你好阿? | How are you? | |
B: | 我好,你呢? | I’m fine. And you? | ||
A: | 好, 謝謝。 | Fine, thanks. |
8.2.2 Vocabulary
阿 | suffix added to the end of any sentence | |
不 | not | |
不是 | not to be | |
貴姓 | honorable name | |
好 | to be fine, to be well, ok, good | |
叫 | to be called, named | |
嗎 | question marker at the end of the sentence | |
名字 | given name, full name | |
呢 | question marker | |
謝謝 | thank you |
8.2.3 Reference Notes
8.2.3.1 Notes on № 1-3
1. | A: | 她是王太太,嗎? | Is she Mrs. | ?|
B: | 她是王太太。 | She is Mrs. | .||
2. | A: | 你是王先生嗎? | Are you Mr. | ?|
B: | 我是王大年。 | I’m | .||
3. | A: | 你是馬先生嗎? | Are you Mr. | .|
B: | 我是王大年。 | I’m | .
The marker
may be added to any statement to turn it into a question which may be answered “yes” or “no,”She is Mrs. Wáng | ||||
Is she Mrs. |
The reply to a yes/no question is commonly a complete affirmative or negative statement, although, as you will see later, the statement may be stripped down considerably.
8.2.3.2 Notes on № 4-5
4. | A: | 你是馬先生嗎? | Are you Mr. | ?|
B: | 我不是馬先生。 | I’m not Mr. | .||
5. | A: | 我是王大年。 | I am | .|
B: | 我不是王大年。 | I am not | .
The negative of the verb
, “to be,” is , “not to be.” The equivalent of “not” is the syllable . The tone for the syllable depends on the tone of the following syllable. When followed by a syllable with a High, Rising, or Low tone, a Falling tone is used ( ). When followed by a syllable with a Falling or Neutral tone, a Rising tone is used ( ).(not to fly)
(not to be fat)
(not to slander)
(not to waste)
Almost all of the first few verbs you learn happen to be in the Falling tone, and so take
. But remember that is the basic form. That is the form the syllable takes when it stands alone as a short “no” answer— —and when it is discussed, as in “ means ‘not’.”Notice that even though
, “to be,” is usually pronounced in the Neutral tone in the phrase , the original Falling tone of still causes to “be pronounced with a Rising tone: .I | am |
I | am | not |
8.2.3.3 Notes on № 6-8
6. | A: | 你姓方嗎? | Is your surname | ?|
B: | 我不姓方。 | My surname isn’t | .||
7. | A: | 我姓王。 | My surname is | .|
B: | 我不姓王。 | My surname isn’t | .||
8. | A: | 你姓馬嗎? | Is your surname | ?|
B: | 不姓馬。 (我)姓王。 | My surname isn’t | . My surname is .
It is quite common in Chinese—much commoner than in English—to omit the subject of a sentence when it is clear from the context.
8.2.3.4 Notes on № 9
9. | A: | 您貴姓? | Your surname? (polite) | |
B: | 我姓王。 | My surname is | .
is the polite equivalent of , “you.”
is a polite noun, “surname.” means “honorable.” which you have learned as the verb “to be surnamed” is in this case a noun, “surname.”
Literally,
is “Your surname?” The implied question is understood, and the “sentence” consists of the subject alone.8.2.3.5 Notes on № 10
10. | A: | 你叫什麼? | What is your given name? | |
B: | 我叫大年。 | My given name is | .
is a verb meaning “to be called.” In a discussion of personal names, we can say that it means “to be given-named.”
8.2.3.6 Notes on № 11
11. | A: | 你好阿? | How are you? | |
B: | 我好 | I’m fine. |
Notice that the Low tones of
and change to Rising tones before the Low tone of : .is a verb: “to be good” “to be well” “to be fine.” Since it functions like the verb “to be” plus an adjective in English, we will call it an adjectival verb.
I | am fine |
You | are fine | ? |
8.2.3.7 Notes on № 12
12. | A: | 你好阿? | How are you? | |
B: | 我好,你呢? | I’m fine. And you? | ||
A: | 好, 謝謝。 | Fine, thanks. |
The marker
makes a question out of the single work , “you”: “And you?” or “How about you?”is the verb “to thank.” “I thank you” would be . is often repeated: .
8.2.3.8 Notes on № 13
One way to ask what someone’s given name is:
?8.3 Drills
8.3.1 Transformations drill
Statement | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
他是王先生。 He is Mr. . |
他是王先生嗎? Is he Mr. ? |
|
2. |
她是胡太太。 She is Mrs. |
她是胡太太嗎? Is she Mrs. ? |
|
3. |
他是劉同志 He is Comrade . |
他是劉同志嗎? Is he Comrade ? |
|
4. |
她是張小姐 She is Miss . |
她是張小姐嗎? Is she Miss ? |
|
5. |
他是馬先生。 He is Mr. . |
他是馬先生嗎? Is he Mr. ? |
|
6. |
她是方小姐。 She is Miss . |
她是方小姐嗎? Is she Miss ? |
|
7. |
他是林同志。 He is Comrade . |
他是林同志嗎? Is he Comrade ? |
8.3.2 Response drill
Statement | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
他是王先生嗎? Is he Mr. ? |
是。他是王先生。 Yes. He is Mr. . |
|
2. |
她是趙太太嗎? Is she Mrs. ? |
是。她是趙太太。 Yes. She is Mrs. . |
|
3. |
她是陳同志嗎? Is she Comrade ? |
是。她是陳同志。 Yes. She is Comrade . |
|
4. |
她是劉小姐嗎? Is she Miss ? |
是。她是劉小姐。 Yes. She is Miss . |
|
5. |
他是宋先生嗎? Is he Mr. ? |
是。他是宋先生。 Yes. He is Mr. . |
|
6. |
她是孫太太嗎? Is she Mrs. ? |
是。她是孫太太。 Yes. She is Mrs. . |
|
7. |
他是張先生嗎? Is he Mr. ? |
是。他是張先生。 Yes. He is Mr. . |
8.3.3 Response drill
Statement | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
他是王先生嗎? Is he Mr. ? |
劉 |
不是。他是劉先生。 No. He is Mr. . |
||
2. |
她是高小姐嗎? Is she Miss ? |
趙 |
不是。她是趙小姐。 No. She is Miss . |
||
3. |
她是黃同志嗎? Is she Comrade ? |
王 |
不是。她是王同志。 No. She is Comrade . |
||
4. |
她是楊太太嗎? Is she Mrs. ? |
蔣 |
不是。她是蔣太太。 No. She is Mrs. . |
||
5. |
他是馬先生嗎? Is he Mr. ? |
毛 |
不是。他是毛先生。 No. He is Mr. . |
||
6. |
她是周小姐嗎? Is she Miss ? |
趙 |
不是。她是趙小姐。 No. She is Miss . |
||
7. |
他是江先生嗎? Is he Mr. ? |
蔣 |
不是。他是蔣先生。 No. He is Mr. . |
8.3.4 Response drill
Statement | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
她是劉太太嗎? Is she Mrs. ? |
劉 |
是。她是劉太太。 Yes. She is Mrs. . |
||
2. |
她是劉太太嗎? Is she Mrs. ? |
黃 |
不是。她是黃太太。 No. She is Mrs. . |
||
3. |
他是王先生嗎? Is he Mr. ? |
王 |
是。他是王先生。 Yes He is Mr. . |
||
4. |
她是高太太嗎? Is she Mrs. ? |
趙 |
不是。她是趙太太。 No. She is Mrs. . |
||
5. |
她是唐小姐嗎? Is she Miss ? |
唐 |
是。她是唐小姐。 Yes. She is Miss . |
||
6. |
她是黃先生嗎? Is he Mr. ? |
王 |
不是。他不是王先生。 No. He is Mr. . |
||
7. |
她是張太太嗎? Is she Mrs. ? |
江 |
不是。她是江太太。 No. She is Mrs. . |
8.3.5 Transformation drill
Statement | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
你是張先生嗎? Are you Mr. ? |
你姓張嗎? Is your surname ? |
|
2. |
你是趙太太嗎? Are you Mrs. ? |
你姓趙嗎? Is your surname ? |
|
3. |
你是蔣小姐嗎? Are you Miss ? |
你姓蔣嗎? Is your surname ? |
|
4. |
你是劉同志嗎? Are you Comrade ? |
你姓劉嗎? Is your surname ? |
|
5. |
你是宋太太嗎? Are you Mrs. ? |
你姓宋嗎? Is your surname ? |
|
6. |
你是李先生嗎? Are you Mr. ? |
你姓李嗎? Is your surname ? |
|
7. |
你是孫同志嗎? Are you Comrade ? |
你姓孫嗎? Is your surname ? |
8.3.6 Transformation drill
Statement | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
我姓張。 My surname is . |
我不姓張。 My surname is not . |
|
2. |
我姓陳。 My surname is . |
我不姓陳。 My surname is not . |
|
3. |
我姓黃。 My surname is . |
我不姓黃。 My surname is not . |
|
4. |
我姓高。 My surname is . |
我不姓高。 My surname is not . |
|
5. |
我姓孫。 My surname is . |
我不姓孫。 My surname is not . |
|
6. |
我姓張。 My surname is . |
我不姓張。 My surname is not . |
|
7. |
我姓周。 My surname is . |
我不姓周。 My surname is not . |
8.3.7 Transformation drill
Statement | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
我不是李先生。 I’m not Mr. . |
我不姓李。 My surname is not . |
|
2. |
我不是王太太。 I’m not Mrs. . |
我不姓王。 My surname is not . |
|
3. |
我不是陳先生。 I’m not Mr. . |
我不姓陳。 My surname is not . |
|
4. |
我不是林同志。 I’m not Comrade . |
我不姓林。 My surname is not . |
|
5. |
我不是周小姐。 I’m not Miss . |
我不姓周。 My surname is not . |
|
6. |
我不是蔣先生。 I’m not Mr. . |
我不姓蔣。 My surname is not . |
|
7. |
我不是宋太太。 I’m not Mrs. . |
我不姓宋。 My surname is not . |
8.3.8 Expansion drill
Statement | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
他不是王先生。 He is not Mr. . |
黃 |
他不是王先生,他姓黃。 He is not Mr. , his surname is . |
||
2. |
她不是蔣太太。 She is not Mrs. . |
江 |
她不是蔣太太,她姓江。 She is not Mrs. , her surname is . |
||
3. |
他不是劉同志。 He is not Comrade . |
林 |
他不是劉同志,他姓林。 He is not Comrade , his surname is . |
||
4. |
她不是宋小姐。 She is not Miss . |
孫 |
她不是宋小姐,她姓孫。 She is not Miss , her surname is . |
||
5. |
他不是趙先生。 He is not Mr. . |
周 |
他不是趙先生,他姓周。 He is not Mr. , his surname is . |
||
6. |
他不是江同志。 He is not Comrade . |
張 |
他不是江同志,他姓張。 He is not Comrade , his surname is . |
||
7. |
她不是孫太太。 She is not Mrs. . |
宋 |
她不是孫太太,她姓宋。 She is not Mrs. , her surname is . |
8.3.9 Expansion drill
Statement | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
我不姓方。 My surname is not . |
胡 |
我不姓方。姓胡。 My surname is not , it’s . |
||
2. |
我不姓孫。 My surname is not . |
宋 |
我不姓孫,姓宋。 My surname is not , it’s . |
||
3. |
我不姓楊。 My surname is not . |
唐 |
我不姓楊,姓唐。 My surname is not , it’s . |
||
4. |
我不姓蔣。 My surname is not . |
張 |
我不姓蔣,姓張。 My surname is not , it’s . |
||
5. |
我不姓周。 My surname is not . |
趙 |
我不姓周,姓趙。 My surname is not , it’s . |
||
6. |
我不姓王。 My surname is not . |
黃 |
我不姓王,姓黃。 My surname is not , it’s . |
||
7. |
我不姓江。 My surname is not . |
蔣 |
我不姓江,姓蔣。 My surname is not , it’s . |
8.3.10 Response drill
Statement | Cue | Answer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
他是王先生嗎? Is he Mr. ? |
王 |
是。他是王先生。 Yes. He is Mr. |
||
2. |
他是王先生嗎? Is he Mr. ? |
黃 |
他不是王先生, 他姓黃。 His is not Mr. . His surname is . |
||
3. |
她是劉太太嗎? Is she Mrs. ? |
林 |
她不是劉太太。她姓林。 She is not Mrs. . Her surname is . |
||
4. |
她是陳小姐嗎? Is she Miss ? |
陳 |
是。她是陳小姐。 Yes. She is Miss . |
||
5. |
他是毛先生嗎? Is he Mr. ? |
毛 |
是。他是毛先生。 Yes. He is Mr. . |
||
6. |
他是江同志嗎? Is He/she Comrade ? |
張 |
他不是江同志。 他姓張。 He/she isn’t Comrade . His/her surname is . |
||
7. |
她是宋太太嗎? Is she Mrs. ? |
宋 |
是。她是宋太太。 Yes. She is Mrs. . |
||
8. |
Is he Mr. ?他是李先生嗎? |
王 |
他不是李先生。他姓王。 He isn’t Mr. . His surname is . |
8.3.11 Transformation drill
Statement | Answer part1 | Answer part 2 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
我姓王。 My surname is . |
他姓什麼? What is his surname? |
他姓王。 His surname is . |
||
2. |
我姓陳。 My surname is . |
他姓什麼? What is his surname? |
他姓陳。 His surname is . |
||
3. |
我姓劉。 My surname is . |
他姓什麼? What is his surname? |
他姓劉。 His surname is . |
||
4. |
我姓黃。 My surname is . |
他姓什麼? What is his surname? |
他姓黃。 His surname is . |
||
5. |
我姓宋。 My surname is . |
他姓什麼? What is his surname? |
他姓宋。 His surname is . |
||
6. |
我姓李。 My surname is . |
他姓什麼? What is his surname? |
他姓李。 His surname is . |
||
7. |
我姓王。 My surname is . |
他姓什麼? What is his surname? |
他姓王。 His surname is . |
8.3.12 Transformation drill
Statement | Answer part 1 | Answer part 2 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
我姓王叫大年。 My surname is , and my given name is . |
你姓王叫什麼? Your surname is , and what is your given name? |
大年。 |
||
2. |
我姓胡叫美玲。 My surname is , and my given name is . |
你姓胡叫什麼? Your surname is , and what is your given name? |
美玲。 |
||
3. |
我姓李叫世英。 My surname is , and my given name is . |
你姓李叫什麼? Your surname is , and what is your given name? |
世英。 |
||
4. |
我姓方叫寶蘭。 My surname is , and my given name is . |
你姓方叫什麼? Your surname is , and what is your given name? |
寶蘭。 |
||
5. |
我姓孫叫德賢。 My surname is , and my given name is . |
你姓孫叫什麼? Your surname is , and what is your given name? |
德賢。 |
||
6. |
我姓陳叫蕙然。 My surname is , and my given name is . |
你姓陳叫什麼? Your surname is , and what is your given name? |
蕙然。 |
||
7. |
我姓張叫振漢。 My surname is , and my given name is . |
你姓張叫什麼? Your surname is , and what is your given name? |
振漢。 |
8.3.13 Combination drill
Statement | Answer | ||
---|---|---|---|
1. |
他姓陳。他叫寶蘭。 Her surname is . Her given name is . |
他姓陳,叫寶蘭。 Her surname is , given name . |
|
2. |
他姓李。他叫明理。 Her surname is . Her given name is . |
他姓李,叫明理。 Her surname is , given name . |
|
3. |
他姓胡。他叫寶蘭。 Her surname is . Her given name is . |
他姓胡,叫寶蘭。 Her surname is , given name . |
|
4. |
他姓江。他叫德賢。 Her surname is . Her given name is . |
他姓江,叫德賢。 Her surname is , given name . |
|
5. |
他姓周。他叫紫燕。 Her surname is . Her given name is . |
他姓周,叫紫燕。 Her surname is , given name . |
|
6. |
他姓張。他叫廷峯。 Her surname . Her given name is . |
他姓張,叫廷峯。 Her surname is , given name . |
|
7. |
他姓陳。他叫蕙然。 Her surname is . Her given name is . |
他姓陳,叫蕙然。 Her surname is , given name . |