1
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,300
下载中国文化计划

2
00:00:02,560 --> 00:00:04,860
文化计划 第四个计划

3
00:00:05,120 --> 00:00:06,400
解释 第1个

4
00:00:08,700 --> 00:00:10,500
这个计划是计划

5
00:00:11,780 --> 00:00:12,540
在这个计划

6
00:00:12,800 --> 00:00:15,100
你会懂得解释问题和答案

7
00:00:15,360 --> 00:00:16,120
和解释

8
00:00:17,660 --> 00:00:18,180
你会记得

9
00:00:18,440 --> 00:00:19,200
Mr. Martin的妻子

10
00:00:19,460 --> 00:00:20,220
在计划中

11
00:00:20,480 --> 00:00:21,760
有几个月后

12
00:00:22,280 --> 00:00:24,320
这就是他曾经的谈谈

13
00:00:24,580 --> 00:00:25,600
前面

14
00:00:26,100 --> 00:00:26,620
听说

15
00:00:26,620 --> 00:00:29,180
Is your wife coming?

16
00:00:31,740 --> 00:00:33,020
你爱人来吗?

17
00:00:34,300 --> 00:00:35,320
你爱人来吗?

18
00:00:36,860 --> 00:00:37,620
She's coming.

19
00:00:38,660 --> 00:00:39,160
哈莱

20
00:00:40,440 --> 00:00:41,220
哈莱

21
00:00:41,980 --> 00:00:43,260
Here's the verb to come.

22
00:00:44,540 --> 00:00:45,040
来

23
00:00:46,080 --> 00:00:46,580
来

24
00:00:48,120 --> 00:00:48,640
来

25
00:00:50,180 --> 00:00:51,440
Listen for the verb to come.

26
00:00:51,700 --> 00:00:52,220
来

27
00:00:52,480 --> 00:00:53,500
And a live exchange.

28
00:00:54,780 --> 00:00:55,800
你爱人来吗?

29
00:00:55,800 --> 00:00:56,820
哈莱

30
00:00:57,840 --> 00:00:58,360
Again

31
00:00:59,120 --> 00:01:00,160
你爱人来吗?

32
00:01:00,660 --> 00:01:01,440
哈莱

33
00:01:02,460 --> 00:01:03,480
Check your comprehension.

34
00:01:04,760 --> 00:01:05,780
你爱人来吗?

35
00:01:07,840 --> 00:01:08,860
Is your wife coming?

36
00:01:09,620 --> 00:01:10,400
哈莱

37
00:01:12,180 --> 00:01:12,960
She's coming.

38
00:01:14,480 --> 00:01:18,320
In English, we may sometimes use a present tense to refer to a future happening.

39
00:01:18,840 --> 00:01:20,620
In the last exchange, for example,

40
00:01:20,880 --> 00:01:24,480
She's coming probably doesn't mean that Mrs. Martin is on her way right now.

41
00:01:24,480 --> 00:01:27,040
Mr. Martin might amplify by saying

42
00:01:27,300 --> 00:01:28,580
She's coming next month

43
00:01:29,080 --> 00:01:30,880
using a present tense verb form

44
00:01:31,140 --> 00:01:32,920
but specifying a future time.

45
00:01:33,960 --> 00:01:35,740
This is how Chinese always works.

46
00:01:36,760 --> 00:01:38,820
There are ways of specifying future time

47
00:01:39,320 --> 00:01:41,120
but there is nothing like a future tense.

48
00:01:42,660 --> 00:01:44,960
It's the same for specifying past time.

49
00:01:45,720 --> 00:01:50,340
In English, anything before the time of speaking must have a past tense verb.

50
00:01:50,340 --> 00:01:53,920
In Chinese, there is no such uniform rule.

51
00:01:55,200 --> 00:02:00,080
There are, however, several ways of indicating that an event took place before a certain time.

52
00:02:00,580 --> 00:02:03,140
Unless some other time is specifically mentioned,

53
00:02:03,400 --> 00:02:05,180
This time is assumed to be the time of speaking.

54
00:02:05,960 --> 00:02:06,720
For instance,

55
00:02:06,980 --> 00:02:08,520
Listen to the following exchange.

56
00:02:10,060 --> 00:02:11,080
Has your wife come?

57
00:02:12,100 --> 00:02:13,120
你爱人来吗?

58
00:02:14,140 --> 00:02:15,420
你爱人来吗?

59
00:02:17,220 --> 00:02:18,500
Yes, she's come.

60
00:02:18,500 --> 00:02:21,560
她来了.

61
00:02:21,820 --> 00:02:24,640
来了.她来了.

62
00:02:26,440 --> 00:02:30,020
Both of these sentences contain the expression Lila.

63
00:02:30,280 --> 00:02:33,600
The verb lie plus the neutral tone syllable l.

64
00:02:34,380 --> 00:02:37,960
We translate the expression Lila as has come.

65
00:02:38,720 --> 00:02:43,600
This translation suggests the two different things indicated by the added syllable l.

66
00:02:44,360 --> 00:02:45,120
First,

67
00:02:45,380 --> 00:02:47,440
The fact that the action has been completed.

68
00:02:47,440 --> 00:02:48,980
In other words,

69
00:02:49,240 --> 00:02:51,020
That Mrs. Martin came to Peking.

70
00:02:51,800 --> 00:02:52,560
And second,

71
00:02:52,820 --> 00:02:55,120
The fact that a new situation has come about.

72
00:02:55,380 --> 00:02:56,400
In other words,

73
00:02:56,660 --> 00:02:58,440
That she is in Peking now.

74
00:02:59,720 --> 00:03:02,300
Because there's the meaning that a new situation has come about,

75
00:03:02,800 --> 00:03:03,300
The sentence

76
00:03:03,560 --> 00:03:04,340
Lila

77
00:03:04,600 --> 00:03:05,860
Could also be translated.

78
00:03:06,120 --> 00:03:06,900
She's here.

79
00:03:08,440 --> 00:03:11,760
Later you will find that Chinese can indicate either of the two meanings separately.

80
00:03:12,520 --> 00:03:14,320
Either the completion of an action alone,

81
00:03:14,320 --> 00:03:17,140
Or the coming about of a new situation alone.

82
00:03:18,160 --> 00:03:19,440
Here's the exchange live.

83
00:03:20,460 --> 00:03:21,740
你爱人来了吗?

84
00:03:22,520 --> 00:03:24,040
来了,她来了.

85
00:03:25,320 --> 00:03:25,840
Again,

86
00:03:26,600 --> 00:03:27,880
你爱人来了吗?

87
00:03:28,660 --> 00:03:30,200
来了,她来了.

88
00:03:31,480 --> 00:03:32,500
Check your comprehension.

89
00:03:33,780 --> 00:03:34,800
你爱人来了吗?

90
00:03:38,120 --> 00:03:39,160
As your wife come?

91
00:03:39,160 --> 00:03:44,020
来了,她来了.

92
00:03:44,280 --> 00:03:45,820
Yes, she's come.

93
00:03:47,100 --> 00:03:48,900
Here's another live exchange.

94
00:03:49,140 --> 00:03:49,660
Listen.

95
00:03:50,940 --> 00:03:52,980
你朋友也都来了吗?

96
00:03:53,500 --> 00:03:54,780
他们也都来了.

97
00:03:56,060 --> 00:03:59,900
Notice the position of the adverbs 也 and 都 before the verb.

98
00:04:00,660 --> 00:04:01,420
Again.

99
00:04:02,460 --> 00:04:04,500
你朋友也都来了吗?

100
00:04:05,260 --> 00:04:06,300
他们也都来了.

101
00:04:06,300 --> 00:04:08,600
Check your comprehension.

102
00:04:09,880 --> 00:04:11,680
你朋友也都来了吗?

103
00:04:15,260 --> 00:04:16,540
Have your friends all come too?

104
00:04:19,100 --> 00:04:20,120
他们也都来了.

105
00:04:23,460 --> 00:04:24,480
They've all come too.

106
00:04:26,260 --> 00:04:32,660
Let's go back to the situation where Mr. Martin is alone in Peking and listen to him say that his wife has not come to China.

107
00:04:32,660 --> 00:04:34,460
Has your wife come too?

108
00:04:35,220 --> 00:04:37,020
你爱人也来了吗?

109
00:04:37,780 --> 00:04:39,060
你爱人也来了吗?

110
00:04:40,860 --> 00:04:42,140
She hasn't come yet.

111
00:04:42,900 --> 00:04:44,180
她还没来.

112
00:04:45,460 --> 00:04:46,740
她还没来.

113
00:04:48,020 --> 00:04:52,880
Compare this negative answer with the affirmative answer you heard earlier to the same question.

114
00:04:53,140 --> 00:04:55,180
There's more difference than you would expect.

115
00:04:57,500 --> 00:04:58,780
She has come.

116
00:04:59,020 --> 00:05:00,060
她来了.

117
00:05:00,060 --> 00:05:02,100
She hasn't come yet.

118
00:05:02,360 --> 00:05:03,140
她还没来.

119
00:05:03,900 --> 00:05:05,180
她还没来.

120
00:05:06,460 --> 00:05:12,600
First, the negative of a completed action expression is indicated by putting the syllable may in front of the verb.

121
00:05:12,860 --> 00:05:13,880
May lie.

122
00:05:14,660 --> 00:05:21,560
Second, the fact that we are talking about the situation as of now is indicated by adding the adverb high.

123
00:05:21,560 --> 00:05:31,040
她还没来.She hasn't come yet. You've had the adverb high translated as still. Here we translate it as yet.

124
00:05:31,280 --> 00:05:36,920
Both the English sentence, she hasn't come yet, and the Chinese sentence,她还没来.

125
00:05:37,180 --> 00:05:39,740
Suggest, of course, that she is coming sometime.

126
00:05:40,000 --> 00:05:47,160
If you knew she wasn't planning to come, you'd simply say,她还没来,她还没来,她还没来,她还没来.

127
00:05:47,160 --> 00:05:53,820
If you knew she wasn't planning to come, you'd simply say,她不来, she's not coming.

128
00:05:54,080 --> 00:05:56,880
Here's the exchange again, live.

129
00:05:57,140 --> 00:05:59,440
你爱人也来了吗?

130
00:05:59,700 --> 00:06:00,980
她还没来.

131
00:06:01,240 --> 00:06:02,520
Again.

132
00:06:02,780 --> 00:06:04,820
你爱人也来了吗?

133
00:06:05,080 --> 00:06:06,360
她还没来.

134
00:06:06,620 --> 00:06:08,400
Check your comprehension.

135
00:06:08,660 --> 00:06:10,960
你爱人也来了吗?

136
00:06:12,500 --> 00:06:14,800
Has your wife come too?

137
00:06:15,060 --> 00:06:16,600
她还没来.

138
00:06:16,600 --> 00:06:20,180
She hasn't come yet.

139
00:06:20,440 --> 00:06:29,660
You'll recognize the 没 in this exchange as the special negative that occurred in 没有 as in the sentence.

140
00:06:29,920 --> 00:06:33,240
We don't have any children.

141
00:06:33,500 --> 00:06:38,360
The syllable 没 in 没来 is actually an abbreviation of 没.

142
00:06:38,620 --> 00:06:43,480
Either 没 or 没 can be used for the negation of a completed action sentence.

143
00:06:43,740 --> 00:06:46,300
Listen for 没 in this live exchange.

144
00:06:46,300 --> 00:06:48,600
她来了吗?

145
00:06:48,860 --> 00:06:51,160
她还没来.

146
00:06:51,420 --> 00:06:52,440
Again.

147
00:06:52,700 --> 00:06:53,720
她来了吗?

148
00:06:53,980 --> 00:06:56,280
她还没来.

149
00:06:56,540 --> 00:07:00,380
As a review of verbs with and without the markers 没有 and 还没.

150
00:07:00,640 --> 00:07:04,220
See if you understand the following random sentences.

151
00:07:04,480 --> 00:07:07,280
她来.

152
00:07:07,540 --> 00:07:09,080
He's coming.

153
00:07:09,340 --> 00:07:12,660
她不来.

154
00:07:12,920 --> 00:07:14,460
He's not coming.

155
00:07:14,460 --> 00:07:18,040
她来了.

156
00:07:18,300 --> 00:07:20,100
He's come.

157
00:07:20,340 --> 00:07:23,680
她还没来.

158
00:07:23,940 --> 00:07:26,240
She hasn't come yet.

159
00:07:26,500 --> 00:07:30,340
她不来.

160
00:07:30,600 --> 00:07:32,640
He isn't coming.

161
00:07:32,900 --> 00:07:38,260
她还没有来.

162
00:07:38,520 --> 00:07:40,060
She hasn't come yet.

163
00:07:40,060 --> 00:07:44,400
她来了.

164
00:07:44,660 --> 00:07:46,960
She's come.

165
00:07:47,220 --> 00:07:51,840
她还没来.

166
00:07:52,100 --> 00:07:55,160
He hasn't come yet.

167
00:07:55,420 --> 00:07:59,000
The Chinese expression for when is 什么时候?

168
00:07:59,260 --> 00:08:02,080
Literally, what time?

169
00:08:02,340 --> 00:08:05,140
You already know the word for what? 什么?

170
00:08:05,400 --> 00:08:07,440
Listen to the word for time.

171
00:08:07,440 --> 00:08:12,560
时候.

172
00:08:12,820 --> 00:08:23,820
Now listen to the expression, what time? That is, when? 什么时候?

173
00:08:24,080 --> 00:08:31,760
Here's the word for tomorrow. 明天.

174
00:08:32,020 --> 00:08:35,340
Listen for when? 什么时候?

175
00:08:35,340 --> 00:08:41,480
And tomorrow, 明天, in this exchange about Mrs. Martin.

176
00:08:41,740 --> 00:08:48,640
When is she coming? 她什么时候来?

177
00:08:48,900 --> 00:08:57,360
She's coming tomorrow. 她明天来.

178
00:08:57,620 --> 00:09:02,740
Here it is live. 她什么时候来?

179
00:09:02,740 --> 00:09:07,600
Again, 她什么时候来? 她明天来.

180
00:09:07,860 --> 00:09:14,000
Check your comprehension. 她什么时候来?

181
00:09:14,260 --> 00:09:20,400
When is she coming? 她明天来.

182
00:09:20,660 --> 00:09:27,820
She's coming tomorrow. Now listen as Mr. Martin is asked about a friend.

183
00:09:27,820 --> 00:09:35,760
When is your friend arriving? 女朋友什么时候到?

184
00:09:36,020 --> 00:09:43,440
He's already arrived. 他已经到了.

185
00:09:43,700 --> 00:09:51,120
Here's the verb for to arrive. 到.

186
00:09:51,380 --> 00:09:57,520
And here's the word for already. 已经.

187
00:09:57,520 --> 00:10:02,380
Here's the exchange live. 已经.

188
00:10:02,640 --> 00:10:07,260
女朋友什么时候到? 她已经到了.

189
00:10:07,520 --> 00:10:13,140
Again, 女朋友什么时候到? 她已经到了.

190
00:10:13,400 --> 00:10:20,820
Check your comprehension. 女朋友什么时候到?

191
00:10:20,820 --> 00:10:27,480
When is your friend arriving? 她已经到了.

192
00:10:27,740 --> 00:10:34,640
He's already arrived. Now see if you can understand the following live exchange.

193
00:10:34,900 --> 00:10:42,840
你爱人孩子已经来了吗? 我爱人已经来了。我孩子还没来。

194
00:10:43,100 --> 00:10:49,760
Again, 你爱人孩子已经来了吗? 我爱人已经来了。

195
00:10:49,760 --> 00:11:01,020
我孩子还没来。Check your comprehension. 你爱人孩子已经来了吗?

196
00:11:01,280 --> 00:11:09,980
Have your wife and children come already? 我爱人已经来了。

197
00:11:10,240 --> 00:11:17,660
My wife has come already. 我孩子还没来。

198
00:11:17,660 --> 00:11:22,000
My children haven't come yet. 我孩子还没来。

199
00:11:22,260 --> 00:11:29,440
As a review of what we've covered so far, make sure you understand the following sentences. 一切是一切是一切。

200
00:11:29,700 --> 00:11:36,600
她什么时候来? 她什么时候来?

201
00:11:36,860 --> 00:11:45,560
When is she coming? 她已经到了。

202
00:11:45,560 --> 00:11:55,540
He has arrived already. 他什么时候到?

203
00:11:55,800 --> 00:12:06,540
When is she arriving? 她还没到。

204
00:12:06,540 --> 00:12:16,520
He hasn't arrived yet. 他明天来吗?

205
00:12:16,780 --> 00:12:27,520
Is she coming tomorrow? 他已经来了吗?

206
00:12:27,520 --> 00:12:37,500
Has she come already? 他不来。她不来。

207
00:12:37,760 --> 00:12:40,060
She isn't coming. 她不来。

208
00:12:40,320 --> 00:12:45,180
You may want to rewind the tape and go over this last exercise again. 你 may want to rewind the tape and go over this last exercise again.

209
00:12:45,180 --> 00:12:59,960
So far,you haven't had any sentences concerned with when completed actions took place. These sentences don't use the markers啦 and may. The markers啦 and may are used to specify whether or not an action was completed.

210
00:12:59,960 --> 00:13:04,280
就是,他們是用的 when the center of interest of a sentence is the verb

211
00:13:04,280 --> 00:13:06,840
but when the action is in the past

212
00:13:06,840 --> 00:13:09,740
and the center of interest is on something other than the verb

213
00:13:09,740 --> 00:13:12,560
on the time the action took place for example

214
00:13:12,560 --> 00:13:15,040
a completely different construction is used

215
00:13:15,040 --> 00:13:18,520
Let's say that Mrs. Martin arrived yesterday

216
00:13:18,520 --> 00:13:20,520
Here's the word supre yesterday

217
00:13:20,520 --> 00:13:25,960
做的天

218
00:13:25,960 --> 00:13:29,700
Listen to this exchange about when Mrs. Martin arrived

219
00:13:29,700 --> 00:13:32,200
When did she arrive?

220
00:13:32,200 --> 00:13:34,800
她是什么时候到的?

221
00:13:34,800 --> 00:13:37,600
她是什么时候到的?

222
00:13:37,600 --> 00:13:40,200
She arrived yesterday

223
00:13:40,200 --> 00:13:45,400
她是昨天到的

224
00:13:45,400 --> 00:13:49,200
There are two unexpected elements in these sentences

225
00:13:49,200 --> 00:13:52,400
The first unexpected element is the verb sure

226
00:13:52,400 --> 00:13:54,900
which appears before the time expressions

227
00:13:54,900 --> 00:13:57,700
什么时候,when,and昨天

228
00:13:57,700 --> 00:14:03,000
Yesterday,notice that the verb sure is in the neutral tone

229
00:14:03,000 --> 00:14:06,600
Listen,when did she arrive?

230
00:14:06,600 --> 00:14:09,200
她是什么时候到的?

231
00:14:09,200 --> 00:14:11,200
She arrived yesterday

232
00:14:11,200 --> 00:14:13,600
她是昨天到的

233
00:14:13,600 --> 00:14:16,200
Here,the word sure is really a marker

234
00:14:16,200 --> 00:14:20,500
which identifies the phrase that follows it as the center of interest

235
00:14:20,500 --> 00:14:23,600
The second unexpected element is the final syllable the

236
00:14:23,600 --> 00:14:26,400
added to the verb到 to arrive

237
00:14:26,400 --> 00:14:29,800
Listen for 到的 in the exchange

238
00:14:29,800 --> 00:14:31,600
When did she arrive?

239
00:14:31,600 --> 00:14:33,900
她是什么时候到的?

240
00:14:33,900 --> 00:14:35,800
She arrived yesterday

241
00:14:35,800 --> 00:14:38,500
她是昨天到的

242
00:14:38,500 --> 00:14:42,100
You can think of the marker 到的 as substituting for the marker 到的

243
00:14:42,100 --> 00:14:46,600
when the action is in the past and the center of interest is shifted away from the verb

244
00:14:46,600 --> 00:14:48,900
Now here's the exchange live

245
00:14:48,900 --> 00:14:50,600
她是什么时候到的?

246
00:14:50,600 --> 00:14:53,000
她是昨天到的

247
00:14:53,000 --> 00:14:54,000
Again

248
00:14:54,000 --> 00:14:55,900
她是什么时候到的?

249
00:14:55,900 --> 00:14:58,300
她是昨天到的

250
00:14:58,300 --> 00:15:00,400
Check your comprehension

251
00:15:00,400 --> 00:15:05,500
她是什么时候到的?

252
00:15:05,500 --> 00:15:07,700
When did she arrive?

253
00:15:07,700 --> 00:15:13,100
她是昨天到的

254
00:15:13,100 --> 00:15:16,000
She arrived yesterday

255
00:15:16,000 --> 00:15:19,500
Let's compare a sentence about when an action is going to take place

256
00:15:19,500 --> 00:15:23,100
with a sentence about when a completed action took place

257
00:15:23,100 --> 00:15:28,700
Notice the addition of the markers 时 and 得 in the past time sentence

258
00:15:28,700 --> 00:15:32,000
She's coming tomorrow

259
00:15:32,000 --> 00:15:36,800
她明天来

260
00:15:36,800 --> 00:15:38,900
She came yesterday

261
00:15:38,900 --> 00:15:43,800
她是昨天来的

262
00:15:43,800 --> 00:15:47,400
Now let's compare a sentence centering on the completion of the past action

263
00:15:47,400 --> 00:15:50,900
with a sentence centering on when a past action was completed

264
00:15:50,900 --> 00:15:54,200
Notice the use of 得 when the verb is the center of interest

265
00:15:54,200 --> 00:15:59,600
and the use of 时 and 得 when the time expression is the center of interest

266
00:15:59,600 --> 00:16:01,100
She has come

267
00:16:01,100 --> 00:16:04,800
她来了

268
00:16:04,800 --> 00:16:06,900
She came yesterday

269
00:16:06,900 --> 00:16:12,500
她是昨天来的

270
00:16:12,500 --> 00:16:16,400
Listen to the following live conversation

271
00:16:16,400 --> 00:16:18,400
你是什么时候到的?

272
00:16:18,400 --> 00:16:20,600
我是昨天到的

273
00:16:20,600 --> 00:16:22,400
你爱人也来了吗?

274
00:16:22,400 --> 00:16:24,100
她还没来

275
00:16:24,100 --> 00:16:25,400
她什么时候来?

276
00:16:25,400 --> 00:16:27,500
她明天来

277
00:16:27,500 --> 00:16:29,100
Again

278
00:16:29,100 --> 00:16:31,100
你是什么时候到的?

279
00:16:31,100 --> 00:16:33,600
我是昨天到的

280
00:16:33,600 --> 00:16:35,500
你爱人也来了吗?

281
00:16:35,500 --> 00:16:37,000
她还没来

282
00:16:37,000 --> 00:16:38,200
她什么时候来?

283
00:16:38,200 --> 00:16:40,500
她明天来

284
00:16:40,500 --> 00:16:42,800
Check your comprehension

285
00:16:42,800 --> 00:16:47,300
你是什么时候到的?

286
00:16:47,300 --> 00:16:49,100
When did you arrive?

287
00:16:49,100 --> 00:16:53,600
我是昨天到的

288
00:16:53,600 --> 00:16:55,700
I arrived yesterday

289
00:16:55,700 --> 00:17:00,700
你爱人也来了吗?

290
00:17:00,700 --> 00:17:03,200
As your wife come too?

291
00:17:03,200 --> 00:17:07,900
她还没来

292
00:17:07,900 --> 00:17:09,900
She hasn't come yet

293
00:17:09,900 --> 00:17:14,800
她什么时候来?

294
00:17:14,800 --> 00:17:17,000
When is she coming?

295
00:17:17,000 --> 00:17:21,700
她明天来

296
00:17:21,700 --> 00:17:24,400
She's coming tomorrow

297
00:17:24,400 --> 00:17:28,300
So far all of our examples of the construction with 时 and 得

298
00:17:28,300 --> 00:17:30,600
have involved time expressions

299
00:17:30,600 --> 00:17:33,700
But this device may be used to shift the center of interest from the verb

300
00:17:33,700 --> 00:17:35,700
to another part of the sentence

301
00:17:35,700 --> 00:17:38,400
Take the following exchange

302
00:17:38,400 --> 00:17:40,400
Did you come alone?

303
00:17:40,400 --> 00:17:45,600
你是一个人来的吗?

304
00:17:45,600 --> 00:17:47,800
No, I didn't come alone

305
00:17:47,800 --> 00:17:48,800
不是

306
00:17:48,800 --> 00:17:51,800
我不是一个人来的

307
00:17:51,800 --> 00:17:52,700
不是

308
00:17:52,700 --> 00:17:56,000
我不是一个人来的

309
00:17:56,000 --> 00:17:58,300
You probably recognized 一个人

310
00:17:58,300 --> 00:18:01,000
as the expression one person

311
00:18:01,000 --> 00:18:04,300
Here it's being used to describe how Mr. Martin came to China

312
00:18:04,300 --> 00:18:07,500
that is alone or not alone

313
00:18:07,500 --> 00:18:10,500
The fact that he did come is assumed

314
00:18:10,500 --> 00:18:12,700
Notice that in a 时 得 sentence

315
00:18:12,700 --> 00:18:15,000
the negative goes with the marker 时

316
00:18:15,000 --> 00:18:17,100
not with the main verb

317
00:18:17,100 --> 00:18:19,600
The short answer to a question with 时 得

318
00:18:19,600 --> 00:18:21,600
is also formed with the marker 时

319
00:18:21,600 --> 00:18:24,100
rather than with the main verb

320
00:18:24,100 --> 00:18:26,600
Listen to the exchange lie

321
00:18:26,600 --> 00:18:28,400
你是一个人来的吗?

322
00:18:28,400 --> 00:18:29,300
不是

323
00:18:29,300 --> 00:18:32,100
我不是一个人来的

324
00:18:32,100 --> 00:18:33,400
Again

325
00:18:33,400 --> 00:18:35,200
你是一个人来的吗?

326
00:18:35,200 --> 00:18:36,200
不是

327
00:18:36,200 --> 00:18:39,100
我不是一个人来的

328
00:18:39,100 --> 00:18:41,400
Check your comprehension

329
00:18:41,400 --> 00:18:44,900
你是一个人来的吗?

330
00:18:44,900 --> 00:18:47,400
Did you come alone?

331
00:18:47,400 --> 00:18:48,200
不是

332
00:18:48,200 --> 00:18:53,700
我不是一个人来的

333
00:18:53,700 --> 00:18:57,200
No, I didn't come alone

334
00:18:57,200 --> 00:18:59,300
The conversation might continue as follows

335
00:18:59,300 --> 00:19:01,200
Live

336
00:19:01,200 --> 00:19:04,100
你爱人孩子也都来了吗?

337
00:19:04,100 --> 00:19:06,400
他们也都来了

338
00:19:06,400 --> 00:19:07,900
Again

339
00:19:07,900 --> 00:19:10,600
你爱人孩子也都来了吗?

340
00:19:10,600 --> 00:19:13,300
他们也都来了

341
00:19:13,300 --> 00:19:14,200
Mr. Martin

342
00:19:14,200 --> 00:19:16,300
talking to a certain comment Lin

343
00:19:16,300 --> 00:19:20,000
finds out that she's just been transferred to Chengdu

344
00:19:20,000 --> 00:19:22,400
here's the verb to leave 走

345
00:19:22,400 --> 00:19:26,700
走

346
00:19:26,700 --> 00:19:27,400
and here's the word for today 走

347
00:19:27,400 --> 00:19:29,400
and here's the word for today 走

348
00:19:29,400 --> 00:19:30,900
今天

349
00:19:30,900 --> 00:19:32,500
今天

350
00:19:32,500 --> 00:19:34,600
今天

351
00:19:34,600 --> 00:19:34,600
Listen to the exchange 今天

352
00:19:34,600 --> 00:19:37,200
Listen to the exchange

353
00:19:37,200 --> 00:19:39,000
when are you leaving 你什么时候走

354
00:19:39,000 --> 00:19:41,800
你什么时候走

355
00:19:41,800 --> 00:19:44,900
你什么时候走

356
00:19:44,900 --> 00:19:48,600
I'm leaving today 我今天走

357
00:19:48,600 --> 00:19:51,100
我今天走

358
00:19:51,100 --> 00:19:54,900
Here it is live 你什么时候走

359
00:19:54,900 --> 00:19:57,100
我今天走

360
00:19:57,100 --> 00:19:58,200
Again

361
00:19:58,200 --> 00:20:00,000
你什么时候走

362
00:20:00,000 --> 00:20:01,900
我今天走

363
00:20:01,900 --> 00:20:05,200
Check your comprehension

364
00:20:05,200 --> 00:20:09,000
你什么时候走

365
00:20:09,000 --> 00:20:11,100
When are you leaving?

366
00:20:11,100 --> 00:20:14,700
我今天走

367
00:20:14,700 --> 00:20:17,700
I'm leaving today

368
00:20:17,700 --> 00:20:22,500
Now listen as Mr. Martin asks his question a little differently

369
00:20:22,500 --> 00:20:30,600
What day are you leaving? 你哪天走

370
00:20:30,600 --> 00:20:37,200
I'm leaving today 我今天走

371
00:20:37,200 --> 00:20:39,300
Here's the word for what day?

372
00:20:39,300 --> 00:20:41,600
Literally which day? 哪天

373
00:20:41,600 --> 00:20:47,200
哪天

374
00:20:47,200 --> 00:20:49,900
The word for day is 天

375
00:20:49,900 --> 00:20:51,100
The bound word 哪

376
00:20:51,100 --> 00:20:53,600
which combines with the word 天

377
00:20:53,600 --> 00:20:56,700
to form a compound question word 哪天

378
00:20:56,700 --> 00:20:59,200
Just like the compound question word 哪国

379
00:20:59,200 --> 00:21:01,100
which country?

380
00:21:01,100 --> 00:21:04,600
In this compound and in the words 今天

381
00:21:04,600 --> 00:21:05,900
明天

382
00:21:05,900 --> 00:21:07,500
and 昨天

383
00:21:07,500 --> 00:21:11,300
the bound word 天 day loses its tone

384
00:21:11,300 --> 00:21:13,300
Notice that the word 哪天

385
00:21:13,300 --> 00:21:15,500
like the other time expressions you've had

386
00:21:15,500 --> 00:21:17,900
goes before the verb

387
00:21:17,900 --> 00:21:22,100
Here's the exchange live 你哪天走

388
00:21:22,100 --> 00:21:23,900
我今天走

389
00:21:23,900 --> 00:21:26,600
Again 你哪天走

390
00:21:26,600 --> 00:21:29,100
我今天走

391
00:21:29,100 --> 00:21:34,000
Now listen to the following live exchange 你们走吗?

392
00:21:34,000 --> 00:21:36,000
走 我们走

393
00:21:36,000 --> 00:21:38,900
你们哪天走? 我明天走

394
00:21:38,900 --> 00:21:41,500
我爱人已经走了

395
00:21:41,500 --> 00:21:45,900
她是什么时候走的? 她是昨天走的

396
00:21:45,900 --> 00:21:50,900
Again 你们走吗? 走 我们走

397
00:21:50,900 --> 00:21:53,800
你们哪天走? 我明天走

398
00:21:53,800 --> 00:21:56,300
我爱人已经走了

399
00:21:56,300 --> 00:22:00,900
她是什么时候走的? 她是昨天走的

400
00:22:00,900 --> 00:22:06,500
Check your comprehension 你们走吗?

401
00:22:06,500 --> 00:22:12,800
Are you leaving? 走 我们走

402
00:22:12,800 --> 00:22:18,500
Yes, we're leaving 你们哪天走?

403
00:22:18,500 --> 00:22:24,100
What day are you leaving? 我明天走

404
00:22:24,100 --> 00:22:30,500
I'm leaving tomorrow 我爱人已经走了

405
00:22:30,500 --> 00:22:37,900
My wife has left already 她是什么时候走的?

406
00:22:37,900 --> 00:22:43,500
When did she leave? 她是昨天走的

407
00:22:43,500 --> 00:22:45,900
She left yesterday 她昨天走的

408
00:22:45,900 --> 00:22:50,100
Now here's a live conversation, revealing what you've covered on this tape

409
00:22:50,100 --> 00:22:55,500
Mr. Bauer has just arrived in Peking, and his predecessor Mr. Flynn is about to leave

410
00:22:55,500 --> 00:22:59,000
Listen, Bauer 先生来了吗?

411
00:22:59,000 --> 00:23:00,600
He's already here 他已经来了

412
00:23:00,600 --> 00:23:02,300
When did he arrive? 他是哪天到的?

413
00:23:02,300 --> 00:23:04,300
He arrived yesterday 他是昨天到的

414
00:23:04,300 --> 00:23:07,700
Is Mrs. Bauer here, too? 他还没来

415
00:23:07,700 --> 00:23:11,500
Mr. Bauer came alone 鲍尔先生是一个人来的

416
00:23:11,500 --> 00:23:15,600
Mr. Bauer and the kids are still in the U.S. 鲍尔夫人跟孩子都还在美国

417
00:23:15,600 --> 00:23:17,300
Are they coming? 他们来吗?

418
00:23:17,300 --> 00:23:19,200
Come, they're coming 来,他们来

419
00:23:19,200 --> 00:23:21,700
Where is Mr. Bauer now? 鲍尔先生现在住在哪儿?

420
00:23:21,700 --> 00:23:24,500
He lives in Mr. Flynn's house 他住在菲林先生家

421
00:23:24,500 --> 00:23:28,400
Mr. Flynn hasn't left yet? 他还没走

422
00:23:28,400 --> 00:23:29,700
Mr. Flynn, Mr. Flynn 我们到交资区,唯一的工作人员

423
00:23:29,700 --> 00:23:31,900
Mr. Flynn, Mr. Flynn 我们到交资区,征 종程

424
00:23:31,900 --> 00:23:33,480
Mr. Bauer, Mr. President How do you like Mr. Flynn paid 这个人还 магаз

425
00:23:33,480 --> 00:23:34,800
Mr. Flynn 你 bias行了吗?

426
00:23:34,800 --> 00:23:36,340
Mr. Flynn 你憂恨结果对你压 пih

427
00:23:36,340 --> 00:23:36,920
Mr. Flynn 我给予你 iterations 他颅度不高

428
00:23:36,920 --> 00:23:40,400
Mr. Finn 他就已经在家里 我给予你

429
00:23:40,400 --> 00:23:41,120
Mr. Flynn 我给予你

430
00:23:41,120 --> 00:23:42,920
Mr. Flynn 和他踏上的话

431
00:23:42,920 --> 00:23:44,700
Mr. Flynn 对我认识的

432
00:23:44,700 --> 00:23:46,060
Mr. Flynn 你别想。

433
00:23:46,060 --> 00:23:48,140
Mr. Flynn 好 hurt

434
00:23:48,140 --> 00:23:48,740
Mr. Flynn... 别 anger

435
00:23:48,740 --> 00:23:50,700
Mr. Flynn 我更加害怕

436
00:23:50,700 --> 00:23:52,160
Mr. Flynn

437
00:23:52,160 --> 00:23:55,100
Mr. Flynn stages an absoluteimission for Mr. Flynn

438
00:23:55,100 --> 00:23:57,100
他住在菲林先生家

439
00:23:58,100 --> 00:24:00,100
菲林先生还没走吗?

440
00:24:00,100 --> 00:24:01,100
还没走

441
00:24:01,100 --> 00:24:03,100
他什么时候走?

442
00:24:03,100 --> 00:24:04,100
他明天走

443
00:24:05,100 --> 00:24:06,100
check your comprehension

444
00:24:07,100 --> 00:24:09,100
鲍尔先生来了吗?

445
00:24:11,100 --> 00:24:13,100
has Mr. Bauer come yet?

446
00:24:13,100 --> 00:24:15,100
他已经来了

447
00:24:16,100 --> 00:24:18,100
he's already come

448
00:24:18,100 --> 00:24:20,100
他是哪天到的?

449
00:24:22,100 --> 00:24:24,100
what day did he arrive?

450
00:24:24,100 --> 00:24:26,100
他是昨天到的

451
00:24:28,100 --> 00:24:30,100
you arrived yesterday

452
00:24:30,100 --> 00:24:32,100
鲍尔夫人也来了吗?

453
00:24:34,100 --> 00:24:36,100
has Mrs. Bauer come too?

454
00:24:36,100 --> 00:24:37,100
他还没来

455
00:24:37,100 --> 00:24:40,100
鲍尔先生是一个人来的

456
00:24:43,100 --> 00:24:44,100
she hasn't come yet

457
00:24:44,100 --> 00:24:46,100
Mr. Bauer came alone

458
00:24:47,100 --> 00:24:50,100
鲍尔夫人跟孩子都还在美国

459
00:24:50,100 --> 00:24:52,100
she hasn't come

460
00:24:53,100 --> 00:24:56,100
Mr. Bauer and the children are still in the United States

461
00:24:56,100 --> 00:24:58,100
他们来吗?

462
00:24:59,100 --> 00:25:00,100
are they coming?

463
00:25:00,100 --> 00:25:02,100
来他们来

464
00:25:04,100 --> 00:25:06,100
yes they're coming

465
00:25:06,100 --> 00:25:08,100
鲍尔先生现在住在哪?

466
00:25:10,100 --> 00:25:12,100
where is Mr. Bauer staying now?

467
00:25:13,100 --> 00:25:15,100
他住在菲林先生家

468
00:25:15,100 --> 00:25:17,100
he's staying at Mr. Flynn's house

469
00:25:18,100 --> 00:25:20,100
菲林先生还没走吗?

470
00:25:22,100 --> 00:25:24,100
hasn't Mr. Flynn left yet?

471
00:25:24,100 --> 00:25:25,100
他还没走

472
00:25:27,100 --> 00:25:29,100
he hasn't left yet

473
00:25:29,100 --> 00:25:31,100
他什么时候走?

474
00:25:33,100 --> 00:25:34,100
when is he leaving?

475
00:25:34,100 --> 00:25:36,100
他明天走

476
00:25:38,100 --> 00:25:40,100
he's leaving tomorrow

477
00:25:41,100 --> 00:25:43,100
as a final review

478
00:25:43,100 --> 00:25:47,100
see if you can translate the following random sentences from the target list

479
00:25:47,100 --> 00:25:48,100
let's start

480
00:25:49,100 --> 00:25:50,100
number one

481
00:25:51,100 --> 00:25:53,100
他明天来吗?

482
00:25:55,100 --> 00:25:56,100
is he coming tomorrow?

483
00:25:57,100 --> 00:25:58,100
number two

484
00:25:58,100 --> 00:26:00,100
我今天走

485
00:26:02,100 --> 00:26:03,100
I'm leaving today

486
00:26:04,100 --> 00:26:05,100
number three

487
00:26:06,100 --> 00:26:07,100
你朋友来了吗?

488
00:26:09,100 --> 00:26:10,100
has your friend come?

489
00:26:10,100 --> 00:26:12,100
number four

490
00:26:12,100 --> 00:26:14,100
他是什么时候到的?

491
00:26:16,100 --> 00:26:18,100
when did he arrive?

492
00:26:18,100 --> 00:26:20,100
number five

493
00:26:20,100 --> 00:26:22,100
他已经来了

494
00:26:24,100 --> 00:26:26,100
he's already come

495
00:26:26,100 --> 00:26:28,100
number six

496
00:26:28,100 --> 00:26:30,100
他是昨天到的

497
00:26:31,100 --> 00:26:33,100
she arrived yesterday

498
00:26:33,100 --> 00:26:35,100
number seven

499
00:26:35,100 --> 00:26:37,100
你哪天走?

500
00:26:37,100 --> 00:26:39,100
你哪天走?

501
00:26:40,100 --> 00:26:42,100
what day are you leaving?

502
00:26:42,100 --> 00:26:44,100
number eight

503
00:26:44,100 --> 00:26:46,100
他还没到

504
00:26:47,100 --> 00:26:49,100
he hasn't arrived yet

505
00:26:49,100 --> 00:26:51,100
number nine

506
00:26:51,100 --> 00:26:53,100
你是一个人来的吗?

507
00:26:55,100 --> 00:26:57,100
did you come alone?

508
00:26:57,100 --> 00:26:58,100
不是

509
00:26:58,100 --> 00:27:00,100
我不是一个人来的

510
00:27:02,100 --> 00:27:04,100
no, I didn't come alone

511
00:27:04,100 --> 00:27:05,100
no, I didn't come alone

512
00:27:06,100 --> 00:27:07,100
if you think you're ready

513
00:27:07,100 --> 00:27:09,100
go on to the P1 tape

514
00:27:11,100 --> 00:27:13,100
this is the end of the tape

515
00:27:13,100 --> 00:27:16,100
and a biographic information module unit four

516
00:27:16,100 --> 00:27:35,100
comprehension tape one