WEBVTT

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Standard Chinese, A Modular Approach, Money Module, Unit 3, Comprehension Tape 1.

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This unit is set in the PRC. On this tape, you'll learn to understand questions and answers expressing comparisons used in shopping.

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Mr. Bauer is at the Friendship Department Store in Peking. Listen as he asks the clerk for help. Please give me that vase to look at.

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请你给我看看那个花瓶。请你给我看看那个花瓶。

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Here's the verb to look at.

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看.看.

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Chinese verbs are often doubled with a loss of tone on the second repetition. Listen to the doubled version of the word 看.看看.看看.

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This doubling is called reduplication. Reduplication has the effect of suggesting that the action will be tried out several times.

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We might try to capture this by translating 看看 as to look over or to take a look at.

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Here's the word for vase. Literally, a flower jar.花瓶.花瓶.

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You'll recognize the element 瓶 from the phrase 一瓶汽水, a bottle of soda.

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Here's Mr. Bauer's request again. Live.

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请你给我看看那个花瓶。 Again.

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请你给我看看那个花瓶。 Check your comprehension.

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请你给我看看那个花瓶。

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Please give me that vase to look at.

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The verb 看 can also mean to read in the sense of read to yourself in contrast to the verb 念, which means to read aloud or to study.

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Let's shift the scene for a moment. Listen for the verb 看 in this live exchange.

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你想看这本杂志吗?

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不,我想看那本书.

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Again.

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你想看这本杂志吗?

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不,我想看那本书.

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Check your comprehension.

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你想看这本杂志吗?

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Are you thinking of reading this magazine?

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不,我想看那本书.

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No, I'm thinking of reading that book.

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Mr. Bauer had asked for a vase.

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Listen as the clerk replies to his request.

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Which one? This blue one or this red one?

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哪个这个蓝的还是这个红的?

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Here's the adjectival verb to be blue.

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蓝,蓝.

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Here's the adjectival verb to be red.

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红,红.

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And here's the word for oar.

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还是,还是.

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The word 还是 is used to offer a choice.

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You've had one way to make a choice question already.

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Simply listing the two possibilities.

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Listen to this live example.

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他们有三个孩子.

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男孩子是女孩子.

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都是女孩子.

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Again,他们有三个孩子.

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是男孩子是女孩子.

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都是女孩子.

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Check your comprehension.

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他们有三个孩子.

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They have three children.

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是男孩子是女孩子.

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Are they boys or girls?

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都是女孩子.

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They're all girls.

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When you're just listing two possibilities to choose from,

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each possibility must contain a verb.

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When you make an oar question with the word 还是 on the other hand,

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you don't need a verb.

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Listen to the clerk's reply.

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哪个这个蓝的还是这个红的?

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Again,哪个?

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哪个这个蓝的还是这个红的?

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Check your comprehension.

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哪个这个蓝的还是这个红的?

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Which one?

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This blue one or this red one?

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The conversation continues.

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Give me both of them to look at, alright?

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那两个都给我看看,好吗?

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那两个都给我看看,好吗?

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Certainly.

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好,好.

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The question 好吗?

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Is that all right?

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Is tacked on to the end of an imperative to turn it into a suggestion.

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As you listen to the exchange,

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notice that the object of the verb in the suggestion,

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那两个,those two, doesn't follow the verb as you would expect,

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but has been moved to the front of the sentence.

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Here it is live.

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那两个都给我看看,好吗?

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好.

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It's quite common in Chinese for the object of the verb to be moved to the front of the sentence as the topic.

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We sometimes do this in English.

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Fish I don't like.

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I had one example of this in the sentence 美国书,我们不买.

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American books, we don't sell.

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This movement of the object to topic position is required when the adverb though applies to the object,

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since the adverb though must come before the verb.

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Here's the exchange again.

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那两个都给我看看,好吗?

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好.

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Check your comprehension.

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那两个都给我看看,好吗?

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Give me both of them to look at, all right?

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好.

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Certainly.

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Here's another sentence in which an object used with the word though occurs at the beginning of the sentence.

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书,报,杂志,我都买.

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Again.

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书,报,杂志,我都买.

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Check your comprehension.

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书,报,杂志,我都买.

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Books, newspapers, and magazines.

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I buy all of them.

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Listen as Mr. Bauer finds out how much the vase is cost, live.

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这个红的多少钱?

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这个红的十二块钱一个.

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这个蓝的呢?

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这个蓝的二十五块钱一个.

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这个红的多少钱?

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这个红的十二块钱一个.

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这个蓝的呢?

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这个红的二十五块钱一个.

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Check your comprehension.

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这个红的多少钱?

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How much is this red kind?

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这个红的十二块钱一个.

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This red kind is twelve dollars for one.

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这个蓝的呢?

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This blue kind.

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这个蓝的二十五块钱一个.

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This blue kind is twenty five dollars for one.

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Listen as Mr. Bauer responds to these prices.

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The blue kind is too expensive.

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蓝的太贵了.

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蓝的太贵了.

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Here's the word for two in the sense of excessive.

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太.

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And here's the word for expensive.

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贵.

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Notice that the exclamation太贵了.

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That's too expensive.

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Uses the new situation marker 了.

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This 了 is often used to reinforce the message that something is excessive.

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We might translate this sentence as

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That's getting to be too expensive.

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Here's the exchange live.

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蓝的太贵了.

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Again.

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蓝的太贵了.

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Check your comprehension.

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蓝的太贵了.

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The blue kind is too expensive.

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Mr. Bauer continues talking to himself about the prices.

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I'll buy the red kind I guess.

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我买红的吧.

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I'll buy the red one.

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The red kind is cheaper.

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红的便宜.

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红的便宜.

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The red kind is cheaper.

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红的便宜.

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红的便宜.

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Notice the use of the marker 吧 to soften the statement

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I'll buy the red one too.

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I'll buy the red one I guess.

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Here's the word for cheap.

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便宜.

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便宜.

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Notice that in English we say

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The red one is cheaper.

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With the ending ER added to indicate comparison.

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In Chinese you say simply 红的便宜.

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With nothing added to the basic form 便宜.

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Cheap.

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Here's the exchange live.

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我买红的吧.红的便宜.

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红的便宜.

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Again.

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我买红的吧.红的便宜.

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红的便宜.

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Check your comprehension.

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我买红的吧.

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All by the red kind I guess.

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红的便宜.

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The red kind is cheaper.

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红的便宜.

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The red kind is cheaper.

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When an adverb is added to an adjectival verb,

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the adjectival verb loses its comparative meaning

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and is interpreted as a straight description.

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For instance, the sentence 这个贵 means

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this is more expensive.

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While 这个也贵 means

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this is expensive too.

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The negative adverb 不 works the same way.

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For instance, 这个不贵 is a straight description.

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This is not expensive.

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When no other adverb is appropriate,

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a statement with an adjectival verb

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may be made non-comparative

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by the addition of an unstressed 横 very.

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In the following exchange,

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Mr. Bauer is admiring a friend's vases

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and the friend is replying modestly.

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Listen to the live exchange.

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这个花瓶很好.很贵吧.

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不贵很便宜.

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那个呢?

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那个也不贵.

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Since unstressed 横 is used simply

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to make the adjectival verb non-comparative,

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it doesn't have the emphatic sense

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of the English word very.

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Here's the exchange again.

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这个花瓶很好.很贵吧.

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不贵很便宜.

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那个呢?

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那个也不贵.

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Check your comprehension.

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这个花瓶很好.很贵吧.

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This vase is nice.

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It must be expensive.

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不贵很便宜.

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It's not expensive.It's cheap.

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那个呢?

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How about that one?

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那个也不贵.

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That one isn't expensive either.

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When the word 横 is stressed,

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it is emphatic.

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Compare.

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This vase is very expensive.

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这个花瓶很贵.

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这个花瓶很贵.

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This vase is very expensive.

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这个花瓶很贵.

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Let's change the scene for a moment.

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Here's another example of the basic comparative meaning

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of adjectival verbs.

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Which of these two students is better?

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这两个学生哪个好?

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这两个学生哪个好?

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司马信 is better.

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司马信好.

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司马信好.

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Notice that in the first sentence,

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这两个学生哪个好?

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The things being compared are put up front

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in topic position.

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Here's the exchange live.

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这两个学生哪个好?

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司马信好.

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Again,

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这两个学生哪个好?

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司马信好.

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Check your comprehension.

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这两个学生哪个好?

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Which of these two students is better?

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司马信好.

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司马信 is better.

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Let's go back to Mr. Bauer.

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You'll remember that he had decided on a red vase.

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Listen as Mr. Bauer continues the conversation.

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Do you have a little larger one?

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也有大一点的吗?

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也有大一点的吗?

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Yes, what do you think of this one?

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有,您看这个怎么样?

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有,您看这个怎么样?

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Since the verb 看 means to look at,

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we could translate the phrase 你看 as in your view.

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Usually however,

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a translation with the word think is more idiomatic.

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The interrogative for adjectival verbs is 怎么样,

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which we may translate to be how.

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It is used like the English word how plus the verb to be

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in the sentence,

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how would such and such be?

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Here's the word how.

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怎么样?

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Literally the phrase 大一点

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means bigger by a little bit.

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The word 一点 often follows adjectival verbs

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used in comparisons.

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Notice that in the phrase 大一点的,

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a little larger one,

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the marker 得 goes at the end of the whole phrase.

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Here's the exchange live.

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也有大一点的吗?

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有,您看这个怎么样?

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Again,也有大一点的吗?

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有,您看这个怎么样?

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Check your comprehension.

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也有大一点的吗?

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Do you have a little larger one?

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有,您看这个怎么样?

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Yes, what do you think of this one?

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The expression 你看 is also used literally

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for the exclamation look.

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Listen for it in this live exchange.

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民族饭店在哪儿?

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您看,就在那儿.Again.

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民族饭店在哪儿?

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您看,就在那儿.Check your comprehension.

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民族饭店在哪儿?

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Where's the nationalities hotel?

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您看,就在那儿.

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Look, it's right over there.

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The conversation continues.

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This large one is really nice looking.

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这个大的真好看.

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Here's the adverb really.

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真,真.

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And here's the word for good looking or nice looking.

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好看.好看.

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The word 好看 is made up of the word 好, good and 看 to look at.

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Logically enough, I add up to to be good to look at.

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Here's the remark live.

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这个大的真好看.Again.

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这个大的真好看.Check your comprehension.

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这个大的真好看.

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This large one is really nice looking.

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The conversation continues live.

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多少钱?14块钱一个.Again.

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多少钱?14块钱一个.Check your comprehension.

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多少钱?

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How much is it?14块钱一个.

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14 dollars for one.

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Listen as Mr. Bauer completes his purchase.

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Okay, I'll buy the large kind, I guess.

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好,我买大的吧.好,我买大的吧.

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How many do you want?

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你要几个?你要几个?

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Would you give me two, please?

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请给我两个吧.请给我两个吧.

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Here's the verb to want.要.要.

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In the first sentence of this exchange 我买大的吧.

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I'll buy the large kind, I guess.

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The marker 吧 softens a statement, making it less certain.

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In the last sentence 请给我两个吧.

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It softens a direct request, turning it into a polite suggestion.

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We have tried to reflect this softening in the English by translating it as a polite question.

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Would you give me two, please?

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Here's the exchange live.好,我买大的吧.

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你要几个?请给我两个吧.Again.

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好,我买大的吧.你要几个?请给我两个吧.

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Check your comprehension.好,我买大的吧.

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Okay, I'll buy the large kind, I guess.你要几个?

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How many do you want?请给我两个吧.

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Would you give me two, please?

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A review dialog for this unit will be found at the beginning of the C2 tape.

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For a final review, see if you can translate these exchanges from the target list.

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Number one.那个红花瓶真好看.

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That red vase is really good looking.你有大一点的吗?

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Do you have a little larger one?有,你看这个怎么样?

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We do. What do you think of this one?嗯,很好.

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好,请给我两个吧.

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It's very nice. Okay, would you give me two, please?

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Number two.请你给我看看那个花瓶.

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Please give me that vase to look at.哪个?

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这个蓝的还是这个红的?

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Which one? This blue one or this red one?那两个都给我看看好吗?

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Give me both of them to look at, all right?

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Number three.这两个学生哪个好?

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Which of these two students is better?司马信好.

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司马信 is better.

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Number four.那个蓝的太贵了.

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That blue kind is too expensive.我要红的.

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I want the red kind.红的便宜.

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The red kind is cheaper. If you think you're ready, go on to the P1 tape.

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This is the end of the tape. This is the end of the tape.