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Standard Chinese, A Modular Approach, Money Module, Unit 4, Comprehension Tape 1.

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This unit is set in the ROC. On this tape, you'll learn to understand questions and answers you would use in talking about something you've bought.

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You'll remember that Major Weiss has been newly assigned to the Military Attaché's office in Taipei.

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The Weisses have now been in Taipei several weeks and have moved into a house.

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Mrs. Weiss has just come to her husband's office to meet him for lunch.

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Listen as her husband's assistant, Ms. Hu, find out if she's gotten settled yet.

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Have all your household things arrived?

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您家里的东西都到了吗?

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Some have arrived and some haven't arrived yet.

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有的到了,有的还没到。

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Here's the word for thing.

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东西,东西.

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Here's the phrase we've translated household things.

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家里的东西,家里的东西.

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You'll remember that the word 家里 literally means in the house.

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And here's the word for some.

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有的,有的.

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The word for some is made up of the verb 有, there are, and the marker of modification 得.

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The sentence 有的到了,有的还没到.

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Might also be translated.

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There are some which have arrived and there are some which haven't arrived yet.

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Here's the exchange live.

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您家里的东西都到了吗?

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有的到了,有的还没到。

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Again,您家里的东西都到了吗?

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有的到了,有的还没到。

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Check your comprehension.

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您家里的东西都到了吗?

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Have all your household things arrived?

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有的到了,有的还没到。

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Some have arrived and some haven't arrived yet.

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Since the word 有的 has the meaning there is or there are,

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it can't come after the verb any more than there are could in English.

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We just don't say, I bought there are books.

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You can use the word Yoda with an object however,

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if the object is moved in front of the main verb.

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Listen to this example.

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Have you read these magazines?

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这些杂志没看了吗?

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Some of these magazines I've read and some I haven't read yet.

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这些杂志有的我看了,有的我还没看。

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这些杂志有的我看了,有的我还没看。

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Here's how you say these,这些,这些,

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and here's how you would say those,那些,那些。

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The toneless bound word 这些 is used in making the plural of specified nouns.

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Notice that it occupies the position of a counter between the specifier and the noun.

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You might think of it as meaning something like a bunch.

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这些杂志,this bunch of magazines.

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Notice also that in the second sentence,

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topic 这些杂志 serves as background for the word 有的 some,

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showing what it refers to.

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In English, we indicate what the word some refers to

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by following it with an L-phrase which names the thing.

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Some of these magazines I've read.

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In Chinese, the same information goes before the word 有的 in topic position.

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这些杂志有的我看了。

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Here's the exchange live.

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这些杂志你看了吗?

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这些杂志有的我看了,有的我还没看。

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Again,这些杂志你看了吗?

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这些杂志有的我看了,有的我还没看。

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Check your comprehension.

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这些杂志你看了吗?

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Have you read these magazines?

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这些杂志有的我看了,有的我还没看。

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Some of these magazines I've read.

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And some I haven't read yet.

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For the next exchange, you'll need the expression for dishes.

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Listen, 盘子碗.

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The word for dishes is a compound made up of two parts.

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The word 盘子 by itself is used for flat plates,

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whether large or small.

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And the word 碗 refers to bowls.

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Listen as Mrs. Weiss continues the conversation live.

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我们已经来了一个月了,还没有盘子碗。

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Again,我们已经来了一个月了,还没有盘子碗。

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Check your comprehension.

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我们已经来了一个月了,还没有盘子碗。

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We've already been here for a month and we still don't have any dishes.

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Now Mrs. Weiss says that yesterday she finally went out and bought some dishes.

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Here are two ways Mrs. Weiss might describe what she bought.

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One specific and one general.

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Listen, I bought ten rice bowls.

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我买了十个饭碗,我买了十个饭碗,

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I bought rice bowls.我买饭碗了,我买饭碗了.

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Here's the word for rice bowl.饭碗,饭碗.

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The last sentence you heard didn't mention how many bowls.

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What else was different about it?

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Listen to the two sentences again.

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I bought ten rice bowls.我买了十个饭碗,我买了十个饭碗,

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I bought rice bowls.我买饭碗了,我买饭碗了.

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In the first sentence,我买了十个饭碗,

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the completed action verb marker comes after the verb,

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just as in duration sentences.她住了两天, she stayed two days.

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In the second sentence,我买饭碗了,

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the completed action verb marker unexpectedly comes after the noun phrase.

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The difference between these two sentences is that in one,

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you're talking about what the object is,

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while in the other, you're talking about how many of the objects are involved.

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Sentences with what we will call them up objects,

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talking about how many act just like duration sentences,

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with the verb marker after the verb for completed action

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and after the noun phrase for new situation.

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Duration sentences, of course, also talk about amounts, amounts of time.

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Sentences with non-amount objects,talking about what,

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indicate completed action by a verb marker after the object.

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Here's an exchange reviewing the use of completed action verb

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with amount and non-amount objects.

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Listen to it live.你买什么了?我买杂志了.你买了几本?

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我买了一本中文杂志,两本英文杂志.

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Notice that the word 什么,what is a non-amount object,

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and the word 几本,how many volumes is an amount object.

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Here's the exchange again.你买什么了?我买杂志了.你买了几本?

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我买了一本中文杂志,两本英文杂志.

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Check your comprehension.你买什么了?

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What did you buy?我买杂志了. I bought magazines.

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I bought magazines.你买了几本? How many did you buy?

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我买了一本中文杂志,两本英文杂志.

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I bought one Chinese language magazine and two English language magazines.

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Now let's go back to the conversation between Miss Hu and Mrs. Weiss. Listen.

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Yesterday I bought some dishes. 昨天我买了一点盘子碗.

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How many did you buy?你买了多少?

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I bought ten rice balls and ten margar plates. 我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.

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Notice that in the first sentence 昨天我买了一点盘子碗,the time word昨天 yesterday comes in topic position before the subject war instead of after the subject in its usual adverb position.

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Here the time word is being used to set the scene for the rest of the sentence.

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Both place and time expressions can be put in topic position as scene setters.

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Notice that adding the word 一点 makes盘子碗 into an amount object since 一点 a little bit is an amount.

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Here's the word used for how many in this exchange. 多少多少?

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You've already had the word 多少 with the meaning how much.

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You've now had two ways to ask how many. You use the bound word 几 plus a counter when you expect the answer to be ten or less.

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If you expect the answer to be a larger amount, you use the word 多少.

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Here's the exchange lot 昨天我买了一点盘子碗,你买了多少?

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我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.

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Again 昨天我买了一点盘子碗,你买了多少?

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我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.

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Check your comprehension. 昨天我买了一点盘子碗,

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Yesterday I bought some dishes. 你买了多少?

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How many did you buy? 我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.

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I bought ten rice bowls and ten large plates. The conversation continues.

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What color are those dishes? 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?

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They're blue ones. 是蓝的.

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Oh, I like blue ones too. 我也喜欢蓝的.

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Here's the word for color. 颜色.

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And here's the verb to like. 喜欢.

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In English, we would probably give the color by saying simply, they're blue.

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In Chinese, you usually say, they're blue ones. 是蓝的.

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Notice that the question uses the same pattern. 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?

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Now listen to the exchange live. 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?

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Again. 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?

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Check your comprehension. 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?

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What color are those dishes? 是蓝的.

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They're blue ones. 我也喜欢蓝的.

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Oh, I like blue ones too. The conversation continues. Where were they bought?

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是在什么地方买的?

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They were bought at the first company. 是在第一公司买的.

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Here's the expression used for where in this exchange. 什么地方?

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Literally, 什么地方? means what place. It tends to be used to ask about specific, named locations, while 哪里 or 哪儿 is more general.

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Here's the word for company. 公司.

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The first company is a department store in Taiwan. 第一个公司是在台湾.

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Notice that the verb in the sentence 是在什么地方买的?

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It's translated into English with the passive. Were bought.

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In English, when the subject is not mentioned, the verb must be in the passive form. In Chinese, the verb remains unchanged.

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Here's the exchange live. 是在什么地方买的?

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是在第一公司买的. Again, 是在什么地方买的?

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是在第一公司买的. Check your comprehension.

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是在什么地方买的?

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Where were they bought? 是在第一公司买的.

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They were bought at the first company. Mrs. Weiss might continue politely by praising the store's goods. Listen.

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The things they sell are really nice. 他们卖的东西真好.

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The subject of this sentence is the phrase 他们卖的东西,the things they sell.

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This phrase is made up of the noun 东西 thing plus a modifying clause. 他们卖的,which they sell.

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which identifies which things Mrs. Weiss is talking about.

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The modifying clause 他们卖的 consists of subject plus verb plus the Margaret d.

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In English, a modifier made up of a verb and its subject or object is put after the noun. The things they sell.

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In Chinese, it comes before the noun, as do other modifiers. 他们卖的东西.

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Here's Mrs. Weiss's remark live. 他们卖的东西真好.

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Again, 他们卖的东西真好.

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Check your comprehension. 他们卖的东西真好.

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The things they sell are really nice.

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Compare this modifying clause with some simpler modifiers you had earlier.

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Notice that I'll use the marker d, which is a general modifier marker.

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My things 我的东西.

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Household things 家里的东西.

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Things they sell 他们卖的东西.

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In traditional Chinese culture, it's considered polite to be modest about how much money you have.

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In the following comments, Mrs. Weiss says that she could only afford the inexpensive dishes and at the same time, praises the quality of the expensive ones.

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Let's listen to her remarks one part at a time. Here's the first part.

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Some of the dishes they sell are really good looking. 他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看.

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But they're a little more expensive. 可是贵一点.

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Here's the word for but. 可是.

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Here's the first part of Mrs. Weiss's comment, live. 他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看.

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可是贵一点. Again. 他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看.

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可是贵一点. Check your comprehension.

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他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看.

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Some of the dishes they sell are really good looking. 可是贵一点.

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But they're a little more expensive. 可是贵一点.

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But they're a little more expensive. 可是贵一点.

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Here's the rest of Mrs. Weiss's comment. 可是贵一点.

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Those dishes I bought were all not too expensive. 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.

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The expensive ones I didn't buy. 贵的我没买.

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贵的我没买. 贵的我没买.

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Notice that the specifier 那些 Those comes after the modifying clause.

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Warmida. In English, words like those always come before other modifiers.

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Here are her comments live. 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.

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贵的我没买. Again, 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.

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贵的我没买. Check your comprehension. 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.

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Those dishes I bought were all not too expensive. 贵的我没买.

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The expensive ones I didn't buy. 贵的我没买.

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Now Mrs. Weiss notices a mug on Mrs. Who's desk. 现在Mrs. Weiss notices a mug on Mrs. Who's desk.

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Listen, this teacup of yours is very nice. Where was it bought? 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?

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It was bought at the first company, too. 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?

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It was bought at the first company, too. 也是在第一公司买的.

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Here's the word for teacup. 茶杯.

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By itself, the word 茶 is tea, and 杯 means cup or glass.

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The word 茶杯 is generally used to refer to a large cup with straight sides, like a mug or a glass.

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The small Chinese teacups without handles are called 茶碗, tea bowls.

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Notice that the phrase 你的这个茶杯 is literally your this teacup, with a possessive modifier before the specifier.

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In English, we can put either your or this before the noun, but not both. We say, this teacup of yours.

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Here's the exchange live. 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?

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也是在第一公司买的. Again, 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?

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也是在第一公司买的. Check your comprehension. 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?

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This teacup of yours is very nice. Where was it bought?也是在第一公司买的.

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It was bought at the first company too. A review dialogue for this unit will be found at the beginning of the C2 tape.

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Now see if you can translate the following random sentences and exchanges from the target list.

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Number one 你买了多少盘子碗?

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How many dishes did you buy? 我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.

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I bought ten rice bowls and ten large plates. Number two 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?

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This teacup of yours is very nice. Where was it bought? 是在第一公司买的.

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It was bought at the first company. Number three 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.

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Those dishes I bought were all not too expensive. 贵的我没买。

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The expensive ones I didn't buy. Number four 我们家里的东西有的到了,有的还没到。

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Of our household things, some have arrived and some haven't arrived yet. Number five 你买什么了?

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What did you buy? 我买盘子碗了。

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I brought dishes. Number six 你的饭碗是什么呀?

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I brought dishes. Number seven 你的饭碗是什么颜色的?

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What color are your rice bowls? 是蓝的。

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They're blue ones. 我也喜欢蓝的。

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I like blue ones too. Number seven 他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看。

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Some of the dishes they sell are really good looking. 盘子碗有的真好看。

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Some of the dishes they sell are really good looking. 盘子碗有的真好看。

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可是贵一点。 可是贵一点。

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But they're a little more expensive. 但他们比较贵一点。

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If you think you're ready, go on to the P1 tape. This is the end of the tape. 如果你觉得你准备好了,去到P1 tape.

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This is the end of the tape. This is the end of the tape. This is the end of the tape.

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End of money four C1. 最后的钱是C1。