WEBVTT 00:00.000 --> 00:06.000 Standard Chinese, a modular approach, transportation module unit 8, production tape 1. 00:07.000 --> 00:11.000 On the comprehension tape in this unit, you learn some sentences used in talking about travel. 00:12.000 --> 00:17.000 If you think that you might have forgotten the meaning of some of these sentences, go back to the end of the C1 tape and review them. 00:18.000 --> 00:23.000 If you think that you know the meaning of all the sentences on the target list, you should begin learning how to say them. 00:23.000 --> 00:29.000 An American Foreign Service Officer in Peking is talking with a friend about his recent trips to Canton. 00:30.000 --> 00:32.000 He has been there twice in the last few months. Listen. 00:33.000 --> 00:35.000 好久沒見。您出門了吧。 00:36.000 --> 00:39.000 是啊。我又到廣州去了。 00:41.000 --> 00:43.000 Repeat one word for again. 00:44.000 --> 00:46.000 又。又。 00:46.000 --> 00:52.000 This word for again,又, is used to describe completed events. 00:53.000 --> 00:55.000 Repeat, I went to Canton again. 00:56.000 --> 00:58.000 我又到廣州去了。 01:01.000 --> 01:03.000 我又到廣州去了。 01:05.000 --> 01:11.000 Like other adverbs,又 comes before the verb phrase.Repeat, yes, I went to Canton again. 01:11.000 --> 01:16.000 是啊。我又到廣州去了。 01:20.000 --> 01:23.000 是啊。我又到廣州去了。 01:25.000 --> 01:28.000 Try answering the question yourself now. You went to Canton again. 01:29.000 --> 01:32.000 好久沒見。您出門了吧。 01:36.000 --> 01:39.000 是啊。我又到廣州去了。 01:39.000 --> 01:41.000 Repeat one word for again. 01:42.000 --> 01:45.000 好久沒見。您出門了吧。 01:50.000 --> 01:52.000 是啊。我又到廣州去了。 01:54.000 --> 01:57.000 The Chinese friend has a question. Listen. 01:58.000 --> 02:01.000 您為什麼剛回來又去了呢? 02:02.000 --> 02:04.000 Repeat the question word why. 02:05.000 --> 02:06.000 為什麼? 02:06.000 --> 02:08.000 為什麼? 02:11.000 --> 02:14.000 Repeat the word for just, which means immediately preceding in time. 02:15.000 --> 02:18.000 剛。剛。 02:20.000 --> 02:23.000 And repeat the verb to return, literally to come back. 02:24.000 --> 02:27.000 回來。回來。 02:29.000 --> 02:33.000 Repeat, why did you go again when you had just come back from there? 02:33.000 --> 02:36.000 您為什麼剛回來又去了呢? 02:41.000 --> 02:44.000 您為什麼剛回來又去了呢? 02:49.000 --> 02:51.000 Repeat the sentence again. 02:51.000 --> 02:54.000 Why did you go again when you had just come back from there? 02:55.000 --> 02:58.000 您為什麼剛回來又去了呢? 02:58.000 --> 03:00.000 您為什麼剛回來又去了呢? 03:05.000 --> 03:08.000 您為什麼剛回來又去了呢? 03:10.000 --> 03:14.000 Notice that in the Chinese sentence, you say the actions in the order that they happened. 03:14.000 --> 03:16.000 First coming back, then going again. 03:16.000 --> 03:17.000 Repeat again. 03:17.000 --> 03:20.000 Why did you go again when you had just come back from there? 03:20.000 --> 03:27.000 您為什麼剛回來又去了呢? 03:28.000 --> 03:31.000 您為什麼剛回來又去了呢? 03:33.000 --> 03:36.000 Notice also that although the English begins with the word why, 03:36.000 --> 03:39.000 the Chinese word 為什麼 comes after the subject. 03:39.000 --> 03:50.000 How do you say, why did you go again when you had just come back from there? 03:51.000 --> 03:53.000 您為什麼剛回來又去了呢? 03:55.000 --> 03:56.000 Listen to the answer. 03:57.000 --> 04:04.000 我這次到廣州去,是因為我有一個很好的朋友從香港來. 04:05.000 --> 04:07.000 Repeat the word because 04:07.000 --> 04:09.000 因為 04:12.000 --> 04:15.000 Repeat this time I went to Canton because 04:16.000 --> 04:20.000 我這次到廣州去,是因為 04:24.000 --> 04:28.000 我這次到廣州去,是因為 04:29.000 --> 04:33.000 Notice where you put the word 這次,this time. 04:33.000 --> 04:37.000 As an adverb telling when it comes before the verb phrase. 04:37.000 --> 04:38.000 Now repeat. 04:38.000 --> 04:41.000 I had a good friend coming there from Hong Kong. 04:41.000 --> 04:46.000 我有一個很好的朋友從香港來. 04:51.000 --> 04:56.000 我有一個很好的朋友從香港來. 04:59.000 --> 05:01.000 Now repeat the whole sentence. 05:01.000 --> 05:03.000 This time I went to Canton because 05:03.000 --> 05:05.000 I had a very good friend coming there from Hong Kong. 05:07.000 --> 05:14.000 我這次到廣州去,是因為我有一個很好的朋友從香港來. 05:14.000 --> 05:22.000 Repeat the whole sentence. 05:23.000 --> 05:30.000 我這次到廣州去,是因為我有一個很好的朋友從香港來. 05:33.000 --> 05:34.000 Again. 05:34.000 --> 05:43.000 我這次到廣州去,是因為我有一個很好的朋友從香港來. 05:51.000 --> 05:58.000 我這次到廣州去,是因為我有一個很好的朋友從香港來. 05:59.000 --> 06:02.000 Now try saying it ahead of the speaker. 06:02.000 --> 06:04.000 This time I went to Canton because 06:04.000 --> 06:06.000 I had a very good friend coming there from Hong Kong. 06:16.000 --> 06:22.000 我這次到廣州去,是因為我有一個很好的朋友從香港來. 06:26.000 --> 06:28.000 The American continues his reply. 06:28.000 --> 06:29.000 Listen. 06:29.000 --> 06:36.000 我們有一年沒見了,他請我陪他一起去旅行. 06:44.000 --> 06:47.000 This is the same syllable you saw in the compound verb of result. 06:47.000 --> 06:48.000 看見. 06:49.000 --> 06:50.000 Repeat. 06:50.000 --> 06:52.000 We hadn't seen each other for a year. 06:53.000 --> 06:55.000 我們有一年沒見了. 06:55.000 --> 06:56.000 We haven't seen each other for a year. 06:56.000 --> 07:22.000 我們有一年沒見了. 07:27.000 --> 07:28.000 We haven't seen each other for a year. 07:31.000 --> 07:32.000 我們有一年沒見了. 07:37.000 --> 07:39.000 We haven't seen each other for a year. 07:42.000 --> 07:46.000 Notice also that there is a marker L indicating a new situation in the sentence. 07:47.000 --> 07:49.000 However, this is not a new situation as of now, 07:49.000 --> 07:52.000 but a new situation as of that time. 07:52.000 --> 07:55.000 In other words, this is a new situation in the past. 07:55.000 --> 07:58.000 At that time, it had become one year that we hadn't seen each other. 08:00.000 --> 08:02.000 How do you say we hadn't seen each other for a year? 08:08.000 --> 08:10.000 我們有一年沒見了. 08:13.000 --> 08:15.000 Now listen again to his last sentence. 08:18.000 --> 08:21.000 他請我陪他一起去旅行. 08:21.000 --> 08:26.000 Repeat the verb to ask or to request. 08:26.000 --> 08:27.000 請. 08:28.000 --> 08:29.000 請. 08:31.000 --> 08:33.000 This is the same word 請. 08:33.000 --> 08:35.000 What you have used to mean please. 08:35.000 --> 08:37.000 Now repeat the word for together. 08:39.000 --> 08:40.000 一起. 08:42.000 --> 08:43.000 一起. 08:44.000 --> 08:45.000 Repeat. 08:45.000 --> 08:47.000 She asked me to accompany her traveling. 08:47.000 --> 08:51.000 她請我陪她一起去旅行. 08:58.000 --> 09:01.000 她請我陪她一起去旅行. 09:03.000 --> 09:06.000 Notice that the Chinese sentence includes the word 一起, 09:06.000 --> 09:09.000 but the English sentence she asked me to accompany her traveling 09:09.000 --> 09:11.000 does not include the word together. 09:11.000 --> 09:13.000 Repeat the sentence again. 09:13.000 --> 09:19.000 她請我陪她一起去旅行. 09:24.000 --> 09:28.000 她請我陪她一起去旅行. 09:30.000 --> 09:32.000 Repeat both sentences now. 09:32.000 --> 09:34.000 We hadn't seen each other for a year. 09:34.000 --> 09:36.000 She asked me to accompany her traveling. 09:38.000 --> 09:40.000 我們有一年沒見了. 09:40.000 --> 09:44.000 她請我陪她一起去旅行. 09:53.000 --> 09:55.000 我們有一年沒見了. 09:55.000 --> 09:58.000 她請我陪她一起去旅行. 10:01.000 --> 10:02.000 Again. 10:04.000 --> 10:06.000 我們有一年沒見了. 10:06.000 --> 10:10.000 她請我陪她一起去旅行. 10:19.000 --> 10:21.000 我們有一年沒見了. 10:21.000 --> 10:24.000 她請我陪她一起去旅行. 10:32.000 --> 10:35.000 三個月以前,我在廣州的時候, 10:35.000 --> 10:39.000 她那個時候還不知道能不能來. 10:41.000 --> 10:43.000 Repeat three months ago. 10:44.000 --> 10:46.000 三個月以前. 10:48.000 --> 10:50.000 三個月以前. 10:52.000 --> 10:55.000 You've already learned that the word 以前 10:55.000 --> 10:58.000 can be used to mean before as in 回家以前, 10:58.000 --> 11:00.000 before I go back home. 11:00.000 --> 11:04.000 Now you see that it can also be used in phrases meaning a go. 11:04.000 --> 11:08.000 In both cases, the time words come before the word 以前. 11:09.000 --> 11:12.000 Now repeat when I was in Canton. 11:13.000 --> 11:15.000 我在廣州的時候. 11:18.000 --> 11:20.000 我在廣州的時候. 11:22.000 --> 11:24.000 Repeat one of the words for can. 11:26.000 --> 11:27.000 能. 11:27.000 --> 11:32.000 能. 11:34.000 --> 11:37.000 Now you've learned three words which can be translated as can. 11:37.000 --> 11:40.000 回,可以,能. 11:40.000 --> 11:43.000 Use 能 when you want to express the idea of can 11:43.000 --> 11:45.000 in the sense of be able to. 11:45.000 --> 11:48.000 Use 可以 to mean be permitted to. 11:48.000 --> 11:51.000 And use 回 to mean to know how to. 11:51.000 --> 11:54.000 Repeat, at that time she didn't know yet 11:54.000 --> 11:57.000 whether she could come or not. 11:57.000 --> 12:00.000 她那個時候還不知道能不能來. 12:06.000 --> 12:09.000 她那個時候還不知道能不能來. 12:15.000 --> 12:17.000 Notice that the negative marker 不 is used, 12:17.000 --> 12:21.000 not may, even though the sentence is referring to a past event. 12:21.000 --> 12:24.000 This is because the verb 指導 is a state verb. 12:24.000 --> 12:27.000 State verbs describe the quality or condition of something. 12:27.000 --> 12:30.000 All adjectival verbs you've seen are state verbs, 12:30.000 --> 12:32.000 like 過 and 多. 12:32.000 --> 12:35.000 In Chinese, knowing something is also considered a state, 12:35.000 --> 12:38.000 and therefore the verb 指導 is a state verb. 12:38.000 --> 12:41.000 All state verbs take only the negative marker 不, 12:41.000 --> 12:42.000 never may. 12:42.000 --> 12:46.000 Whereas action verbs like 念 do study and 吃 to eat 12:46.000 --> 12:50.000 take 不 for the simple negative and 沒 for the negative completed action. 12:50.000 --> 12:53.000 Repeat again, at that time she didn't know yet 12:53.000 --> 12:55.000 whether or not she could come. 12:56.000 --> 12:59.000 她那個時候還不知道能不能來. 13:07.000 --> 13:10.000 她那個時候還不知道能不能來. 13:14.000 --> 13:18.000 Now repeat, three months ago when I was in Canton. 13:18.000 --> 13:22.000 三個月以前我在廣州的時候. 13:27.000 --> 13:30.000 三個月以前我在廣州的時候. 13:39.000 --> 13:42.000 她那個時候還不知道能不能來. 13:42.000 --> 13:45.000 她那個時候還不知道能不能來. 13:52.000 --> 13:54.000 Now repeat the whole sentence. 13:54.000 --> 13:56.000 Three months ago when I was in Canton, 13:56.000 --> 13:59.000 she didn't know yet at that time whether she could come or not. 14:00.000 --> 14:03.000 三個月以前我在廣州的時候. 14:04.000 --> 14:07.000 她那個時候還不知道能不能來. 14:07.000 --> 14:10.000 她那個時候還不知道能不能來. 14:20.000 --> 14:23.000 三個月以前我在廣州的時候. 14:23.000 --> 14:27.000 她那個時候還不知道能不能來. 14:27.000 --> 14:29.000 Repeat again. 14:34.000 --> 14:37.000 三個月以前我在廣州的時候. 14:37.000 --> 14:40.000 她那個時候還不知道能不能來. 14:51.000 --> 14:54.000 三個月以前我在廣州的時候. 14:54.000 --> 14:57.000 她那個時候還不知道能不能來. 15:20.000 --> 15:23.000 三個月以前我在廣州的時候. 15:23.000 --> 15:27.000 她那個時候還不知道能不能來. 15:27.000 --> 15:44.000 Now let's try the Americans answer from the beginning. 15:44.000 --> 15:46.000 This time I went to Canton because I had a very good friend coming there from Hong Kong. 15:46.000 --> 15:51.000 This time I went to Canton because I had a very good friend coming from Hong Kong. 16:01.000 --> 16:03.000 We hadn't seen each other for a year. 16:08.000 --> 16:10.000 我們有一年沒見了. 16:10.000 --> 16:15.000 She asked me to accompany her traveling. 16:20.000 --> 16:24.000 她前往陪她一起去旅行. 16:24.000 --> 16:40.000 Three months ago when I was in Canton, she didn't know yet at that time whether or not she could come. 16:40.000 --> 16:43.000 三個月以前我在廣州的時候. 16:43.000 --> 16:47.000 她那個時候還不知道能不能來. 16:47.000 --> 16:52.000 You may want to rewind the tape and try it again. 16:52.000 --> 16:56.000 The conversation goes on. Listen. 16:56.000 --> 16:59.000 你們都去過什麼地方? 16:59.000 --> 17:05.000 南京、上海、杭州、蘇州都去了. 17:05.000 --> 17:08.000 杭州真是漂亮. 17:08.000 --> 17:11.000 Repeat Hang Chow. 17:11.000 --> 17:14.000 杭州 17:14.000 --> 17:17.000 杭州 17:17.000 --> 17:20.000 Repeat Su Chow. 17:20.000 --> 17:23.000 蘇州 17:23.000 --> 17:26.000 蘇州 17:26.000 --> 17:32.000 Repeat We went to Nanking, Shanghai, Hang Chow, and Su Chow. 17:32.000 --> 17:41.000 南京、上海、杭州、蘇州都去了. 17:48.000 --> 17:53.000 南京、上海、杭州、蘇州都去了. 17:53.000 --> 18:00.000 As you remember, the word 都 always comes before the verb. 18:00.000 --> 18:05.000 And that means that any other words which go with 都 must also come before the verb. 18:05.000 --> 18:10.000 Even when these words are objects of the verb, which you would normally expect to come after the verb. 18:10.000 --> 18:15.000 Repeat again. We went to Nanking, Shanghai, Hang Chow, and Su Chow. 18:15.000 --> 18:21.000 南京、上海、杭州、蘇州都去了. 18:21.000 --> 18:28.000 南京、上海、杭州、蘇州都去了. 18:28.000 --> 18:33.000 南京、上海、杭州、蘇州都去了. 18:33.000 --> 18:37.000 Repeat Say it ahead of the speaker. 18:37.000 --> 18:41.000 We went to Nanking, Shanghai, Hang Chow, and Su Chow. 18:41.000 --> 18:53.000 南京、上海、杭州、苏州都去了。 18:53.000 --> 18:57.000 Now repeat the adjectival verb to be pretty. 18:57.000 --> 19:01.000 漂亮 19:01.000 --> 19:05.000 Repeat, Hangzhou is really beautiful. 19:05.000 --> 19:09.000 杭州真是漂亮。 19:09.000 --> 19:15.000 杭州真是漂亮。 19:15.000 --> 19:20.000 Now you try answering the question. 19:20.000 --> 19:26.000 Say that you went to Nanking, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou, and the Hangzhou is really beautiful. 19:26.000 --> 19:30.000 你們都去过什么地方? 19:30.000 --> 19:46.000 Nanking, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou, and the Hangzhou is really beautiful. 19:46.000 --> 19:51.000 Again,你们都去过什么地方? 19:51.000 --> 20:13.000 Nanking, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou, and the Hangzhou is really beautiful. 20:13.000 --> 20:16.000 有机会我要再去一次。 20:16.000 --> 20:19.000 这些地方你都去过了吧? 20:19.000 --> 20:24.000 没都去过,我还没去过苏州。 20:24.000 --> 20:27.000 Repeat the word for opportunity or chance. 20:27.000 --> 20:33.000 机会 20:33.000 --> 20:36.000 Repeat another word for again. 20:36.000 --> 20:41.000 在 20:41.000 --> 20:47.000 This word for again,在, is used in sentences expressing a non-completed future event. 20:47.000 --> 20:50.000 You have this word before in the phrase 再见. 20:50.000 --> 20:55.000 Repeat, if I have the chance, I'd like to go again. 20:55.000 --> 21:04.000 有机会我要再去一次。 21:04.000 --> 21:11.000 有机会我要再去一次。 21:11.000 --> 21:18.000 Notice that the Chinese sentence uses the word 一次, although the English does not say go one more time. 21:18.000 --> 21:23.000 Repeat again, if I have the chance, I'd like to go again. 21:23.000 --> 21:31.000 有机会我要再去一次。 21:31.000 --> 21:36.000 有机会我要再去一次。 21:36.000 --> 21:46.000 Repeat again, if I have the chance, I'd like to go again. 21:46.000 --> 21:53.000 有机会我要再去一次。 21:53.000 --> 21:58.000 Now repeat, you've gone to all these places I suppose. 21:58.000 --> 22:05.000 这些地方你都去过了吧? 22:05.000 --> 22:13.000 这些地方你都去过了吧? 22:13.000 --> 22:21.000 Again you'll notice that when the word though refers to the object, the object in this case, these places, is put at the front of the sentence. 22:21.000 --> 22:27.000 Repeat again, you've gone to all these places I suppose. 22:27.000 --> 22:34.000 这些地方你都去过了吧? 22:34.000 --> 22:40.000 这些地方你都去过了吧? 22:40.000 --> 22:42.000 Ask the question yourself, you'll get a reply. 22:42.000 --> 22:50.000 You've gone to all these places I suppose. 22:50.000 --> 22:53.000 这些地方你都去过了吧? 22:53.000 --> 22:58.000 没都去过,我还没去过苏州。 22:58.000 --> 23:03.000 Again. 23:03.000 --> 23:08.000 这些地方你都去过了吧? 23:08.000 --> 23:13.000 没都去过,我还没去过苏州。 23:13.000 --> 23:18.000 Let's take a look at the answer. Repeat, not all. 23:18.000 --> 23:25.000 没都去过,没都去过。 23:25.000 --> 23:31.000 Up until now, you've usually seen the negative markers 不 and 没 come directly before the verb. 23:31.000 --> 23:35.000 But here the negative marker 没 is placed before the adverb 都. 23:35.000 --> 23:40.000 Moving the marker 没 or 不 to before the word 都 makes for a change in meaning. 23:40.000 --> 23:45.000 For instance, repeat, they are all not coming. 23:45.000 --> 23:52.000 他们都不来。 23:52.000 --> 23:56.000 Here the negative marker is directly before the verb. 23:56.000 --> 23:59.000 Now repeat, not all of them are coming. 23:59.000 --> 24:09.000 他们不都来。 24:09.000 --> 24:14.000 Now repeat, we haven't been to any of these places. 24:14.000 --> 24:22.000 这些地方我们都没去过。 24:22.000 --> 24:28.000 这些地方我们都没去过。 24:28.000 --> 24:35.000 And repeat, we haven't been to all of these places. 24:35.000 --> 24:43.000 这些地方我们没都去过。 24:43.000 --> 24:49.000 这些地方我们没都去过。 24:49.000 --> 24:55.000 Repeat, I still haven't been to Suzhou. 24:55.000 --> 25:02.000 我还没去过苏州。 25:02.000 --> 25:07.000 我还没去过苏州。 25:07.000 --> 25:09.000 Try answering the question yourself now. 25:09.000 --> 25:14.000 Say, not all, I still haven't been to Suzhou. 25:14.000 --> 25:22.000 这些地方你都去过了吧? 25:22.000 --> 25:27.000 没都去过,我还没去过苏州。 25:27.000 --> 25:36.000 Again,这些地方你都去过了吧? 25:36.000 --> 25:42.000 没都去过,我还没去过苏州。 25:42.000 --> 25:45.000 Now let's review what we've covered on this tape. 25:45.000 --> 25:47.000 Put the following sentences into Chinese. 25:47.000 --> 25:53.000 I went to Canton again. 25:53.000 --> 25:57.000 我又到广州去了。 25:57.000 --> 26:05.000 Why did you go again when you had just come back? 26:05.000 --> 26:11.000 你为什么刚回来又去了呢? 26:11.000 --> 26:16.000 This time I went to Canton because I had a very good friend coming there from Hong Kong. 26:16.000 --> 26:34.000 我这次到广州去是因为我有一个很好的朋友从香港来。 26:34.000 --> 26:40.000 We hadn't seen each other for a year. 26:40.000 --> 26:45.000 我们有一年没见了。 26:45.000 --> 26:53.000 She asked me to accompany her traveling. 26:53.000 --> 26:59.000 她请我陪她一起去旅行。 26:59.000 --> 27:01.000 Three months ago when I was in Canton, 27:01.000 --> 27:14.000 she didn't know yet at that time whether she could come or not. 27:14.000 --> 27:18.000 三个月以前我在广州的时候, 27:18.000 --> 27:25.000 她那个时候还不知道能不能来。 27:25.000 --> 27:33.000 What places did you go to? 27:33.000 --> 27:36.000 你们都去过什么地方? 27:36.000 --> 27:45.000 We went to Nanking, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Sutao. 27:45.000 --> 27:50.000 南京,上海,杭州,苏州都去了。 27:50.000 --> 27:56.000 Hangzhou is really beautiful. 27:56.000 --> 28:02.000 杭州真是漂亮。 28:02.000 --> 28:09.000 If I have the chance, I'd like to go again. 28:09.000 --> 28:15.000 有机会我要再去一次。 28:15.000 --> 28:23.000 You've been to all these places, I suppose. 28:23.000 --> 28:28.000 这些地方你都去过了吧? 28:28.000 --> 28:35.000 I still haven't been to Sutao. 28:35.000 --> 28:40.000 没都去过,我还没去过苏州。 28:40.000 --> 28:42.000 This is the end of the tape. 28:42.000 --> 28:59.000 end of transportation unit 8 production tape 1.