VOCABULARY -------------- ---------------------------------- ------ ài to love 7.6 àiqíng gùshi love story 8.1’ àishang to fall in love with 7.6 Alabó Arab, Arabic 8.6* an shore, bank, coast 8.3* àn according to 8.7 āndìng to be peaceful and stable, to be 7.7 quiet and settled ánpái to arrange 8.1 an shí on time 8.6* -------------- ---------------------------------- ------ --------------------- ----------------------------------------- ------------------ ba (marker of pause, hypothesis) 8.5 baba father, dad, papa 7.U Bādálīng (Bádàlīng) (area northwest of Běijīng) 8.U b&ifēn zhī X X percent 8.3 baitian daytime 7.3 bSi zhuōzi to set a table 8.8* -ban (counter for class of students) 7.3* bang to help; as a help to, for (someone) 8.5 bàng to be great, to be fantastic, to be 7.1**, 7.7’, 8.U terrific bang máng to help; help 7.U bāngzhu to help; help; as a help to, for 7.2 bǎo to wrap 7.8* bàochí to keep, to preserve, to maintain 7.5 bSohù to protect 7.6 b&ozhèng to guarantee, to assure 8.8’ bāozhuāng to package; packaging 8.8’ -bèi time, -fold 8.7 bèi (passive marker) 8.7 B?idà Běijīng University 8.2 běifāng the north 8.1 bèiháu behind someone's back 7.2* -bèizi lifetime 7.2 bin di this locality, local 8.3* běnlái originally, in the beginning, at first; 7.7 to begin with, in the first place běnrén herself, himself, oneself, myself, 7.6’ etc. ^(bI)K to compare 7.1* biàn to change, to become different 7.3 biànchéng to change into 7.2’, 7.3 --------------------- ----------------------------------------- ------------------ bianhuà change(s) 8.5 biānjiǎng border region, frontier region 8.6 biānjìng (national) border 8.5 bld each other, one another, both; the same to you 7.5* bljiào (blji&o) comparatively, relatively, more; fairly, rather; to compare 8.1 bìngrén sick person, patient aunt (vife of father’s elder brother); term for the mother of one’s friend 7.3* bomǔ 7.8 bóshì Ph.D. 7.2‘ -bù (counter for films; counter for automobiles, machines, etc.) 8.1‘, 8.7 bú fàngxìn to worry 7.3’ -bùfen part, section 8.2 bù guán no matter (what, whether, etc.) 7.5’, 7.6 bù huāng bù máng calm, not the least bit flustered 7.8* bú Jiàn bú sàn don’t leave until we’ve met up 7.7’ bù JiàndSn not ordinary, not commonplace; remarkable 7.7’ bù neng bu to have to, must 7.7 bù sháo to be quite a lot, to be much, to be many 7.U bú shi...Jiù shi... if it isn’t...then it’s...; either... or... 7.7 bú shi tiánde Jiù shi làde if it isn’t sweet, then it’s hot 8.7’ bú xiàng huà to be ridiculous, to be outrageous, to be absurd (talk, acts, etc.) 7.6 ----------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- cai only (before an amount) 7.3 cai only in that case, only under this condition 7.5 cáichán property 7-U càidí vegetable plot 8.3 cáiliào material(s); data 8.2 canguan to visit and observe 8.1 canJià to participate in, to take part in; to join; to attend 7.6 cānkáoshū reference book 8.2* chà to differ; to be inferior, to be poor, to be not up to standard; to lack 8.6 chabié difference, disparity 8.2 chang to be long 7.1 chang to taste 8.7* cháng factory, plant 8.5’, 8.6 chàng ge to sing (songs) 7.6’ ----------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- ------------------ ------------------------------------- ----------- Cháng Jiang Yangtze River 8.3’, 8.7 chángqī long term 8.8’ chànliàng output, yield 8.3 -cháo dynasty (bound form) 8.4 cháo to be noisy; to disturb by making 7.8 noise cháodài dynasty 8.4 cháoxlng to wake (someone) up by being noisy 7.8 -chéng (verb ending) into 7.3 chénggōng to succeed 8.6’ chēnghu to call, to address 8.1 chēnglì to establish, to found, to set up 8.5 chéngshì city; urban 7.6 chéngyuánguo member country 7.6’ chēxiǎng car (of a train) 8.6’ chlbuxiàqù to be unable to eat 7.3 chi ku to suffer, to undergo hardship 7.4 chongxīn again, anew, afresh 8.4 chōu yān to smoke (tobacco) 7.6’ chū to produce 8.3’ ...chū at the beginning of... 8.5 chuang bed 7.2’, 7.5 chuāngkSu window (e.g., ticket window) 8.1’ chuānguò to cross through 8.4 chuántSng tradition, traditional 7.1 chū chǎi to go or be away on (official) 8.6 business chū guó to go abroad 8.2 chū Jìng to leave a country 8.1 chūkíu to export 8.8 chūnjì the spring season 8.3’ chūxiàn to appear, to arise, to emerge 8.8 cíhuì vocabulary 8.2’ cónglái ever (up till now), always (up till 7.3 now) conglái bù/méi never (up till now) 7.3 cong...(Verb)-ql to begin (Verb)-ing from... 7.7 cūnkuán savings 8.3’ cūnr village 7.6’ cuòwù to be wrong (incorrect); mistake 8.8’ ------------------ ------------------------------------- ----------- ------------- --------------------------------------------- ----------------- dàbùfen the greater part; for the most part, mostly 8.1 dàduì (production) brigade 8.3 dàduǒshù(r) the great majority 7.5 -dài generation; era, (historical) period 7.5 -dài zone, area, belt 8.1 dàibiSo to represent; representative, delegate; 8.4’, 8.7*, 9.8 on behalf of, in the name of ------------- --------------------------------------------- ----------------- Module & Unit dàibiàotuán delegation, mission 8.3*,"8.8 dāi huīr in a while, later (Běijīng) 8.8 dāishang to take along (Běijīng) 7.8 dàji? ’’older sister” (a respectful term 7.U* of address for a woman about one's own age or older) Dàlī (a city in Yunnan province) 8.1* dàlù mainland, continent 7.1 dang to act as, to be 8.6* dāng (political) party 7.6 dānrèn to take up, to assume (a Job or post) 8.2 dānxīn to be worried, to be uneasy 7.U dānzl list; form 7.8 dào to pour; to dump 7.1 -dào (resultative ending used for percep- 7.3 tion by one of the senses: Jiàndao , kàndao, tīngdao, etc.) -dào (resultative ending used to indicate 7.3 reaching: xiàngdào, tándào, etc., often translated as "about" or "of") dào yet, on the contrary, nevertheless 8.7 dàochù everywhere 7.7* dàodé morality, morals, ethics 7.2* dàolī principle, truth, hows and whys; 7.2 reason, argument, sense dàoyóu (tour) guide 8.7 dàozi rice (in the paddy, or after harvesting 8.3 but before hulling); paddy Dàqìng (a city in Heilongjiang Province) 8.1 dàrào to disturb 8.U* dà shīfu chef 8.7* dàtīng (large) hall 8.8 Datong (a city in Shānxī province) 8.6* dàxué bìyèshěng college graduate 8.2* dàxuéshěng college student 7.1’ dà zhàng to fight a war, to go to war 7.8 dà zhēn to get an injection 7.8* dà zì to type (on a typewriter) 7.6 dàzìrán nature (the physical world) 8.2* dé to get 7.5 dédao to receive, to get 7.5 -de huà if; in case; supposing that 7.6 děi kàn to depend on 7.8 ding when; by the time; till 7.8* děng dào wait until; when, by the time 7.3 děng yíxià wait a minute; in a little while 7.8 děngyú to equal, to be equal to; to be the 8.7 same as (in effect), to amount to dì earth, soil; land; ground; fields 8.3 -diàn point 7.1 diào yànlèi to cry 7.3* ---------------- ---------------------------------------------------------- ------ ding to agree on; to draw up (a plan); to conclude (a treaty) 8.8 dìqù area, district, region 8.1 dìwei position, status 7.2 dìxíng topography, terrain 8.1+ -dong (counter for buildings) 8.7 Dōngběi Manchuria 8.1 dōngbù the eastern part of a country 8.7 dōngde to understand, to grasp, to know 7.1 duSnpiān short (stories, articles) 7.6 dulì to be independent; independence 7.2 duo (duō) how (to what extent) 7.1+ -duō (counter for flowers) 8.7 duō h&o! how great that is 7.2 duō láo duō de more pay for more work 8.8 duōshù(r) the majority (of), most (of) 7.5 ---------------- ---------------------------------------------------------- ------ ------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ éi say.’ (interjection telling that the speaker Just thought of something) 7.3* értōng child (formal word) 7.6 érxífu(r) (-fer) daughter-in-law 7.U ------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ --------------------- --------------------------------------- ----------- fādá to be (highly) developed, to be 7.2*, 7.5 flourishing, to be prosperous fàlu law 7.7 fan to translate 7.7* fan to violate, to offend, to commit; to 7.7 have an attack (of an old disease) f&nduì to oppose, tò be against 7.1’ fángbèi to take precautions against 8.U fàng Jià to have vacation; to let out for 8.6 vacation -fāngmlàn (-ml an ) aspect, side, area, respect 7.1 f&ngwèn to visit and meet with 7.6*, 8.1 fāngxiàng direction 8.8* fàng xìn to be unworried, to be at ease 8.5 fāngyán dialect 8.1 fSngzhī gōngyè textile industry 8.5* fánrōng to be flourishing/prosperous/booming; 8.8 to make (something) prosper ffinzhèng anyway, in any case 7.3’, 8.7 fan zuì to commit a crime 7-7 fāshēng to happen, to occur 8.7 fāxiàn to discover, to find out; discovery 8.7 fāzhXn to develop, to expand, to grow 7.5 fěn points 7.5* --------------------- --------------------------------------- ----------- ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- fén to divide, to separate, to split; to be divided into (parts, categories) 7.6, .8.2 -fèn (counter for portions of food) 8.1’ fěngsú custom(s) 7.5 fēnkāi to separate, to split up 7.6 fù to spend, to expend 8.5* Fujian (a province in south China) 8.8 fùnu woman; women, womankind 7.2 fúqi blessings, good fortune 7.U fùzá (fuzá) to be complicated, to be complex 8.6 ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- gāi will probably 7.U* gāi should, ought to 7.U*, 7.8 gài to build (buildings); to cover 7.U*, 8.1* g&ibiàn to change; change(s) 7.1’, 7.5 gāishàn to improve 8.6* g&itiān another day 8.1* gànbu cadre 7.6 gāngti? iron and steel 8.7 g&njué feeling, sensation; to feel, to 7.1 perceive gànma to do what; (colloquial) why on earth, 7.8 what for gānshàng(lái) to catch up 8.7 gàn shenme to do what; (colloquial) why on earth, 7.8 what for gānxiè to be thankful, to be grateful (for) 7.3*, 8.5 gāo to do/carry on/engage in/work in (a 8.1 field or endeavor) gāocuò to do wrong; to be mistaken 8.7 gāogàn senior cadres 7.6* g&ohāo to do a good Job of, to handle well 8.1’ gāoshàngqù to cause to go up, to cause to move 8.2 forward gāozhòng senior high school 7.2, 7.1’, 7.5 fl 7* gè- each, every, various, different 8.5 gèguó various countries 7.1’ Gēlúnblyà Dàxué Columbia University 8.1*’ gémìng revolution; revolutionary; to revolt 7.8’, 8.2 gēn to follow 7.8’ gēnzhe along with, in the wake of 8.5’ gong male (for animals) 7.2* GòngchSndSng Communist Party 7.6 gōngchSng factory, mill, plant, works 7.6’, 8.6 gòngchéngshī engineer 8.5 gòngdiàn palace 8.1* gonggong grandfather, grandpa (paternal) 7.1*’ góngkè homework 7.7’ ----------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- Module & Unit gōnglù Gòngqlngtuán gōngren gōngshāngyè gōngshè gōngyè gōngyìpìn gōngyuán gōngyuán qián gōngzī gōngzuòzh? gǔ-gu&n guángcháng Gu&ngdōng guánggào GuángJiàohuì Guángxī guán (X) Jiào (Y) guānniàn guānxln guānyú gǔdài gǔdàishi Gùgōng (Bowùyuàn) gǔhuī guīju Guilin guìmó Guìzhōu guōjiā guómín JlngJi guòqù guòqu guò rìzi guōytt gùshi gùshipiān(r) gǔshǔ highway Communist Youth League** worker                                    8.3*, 8.6 industry and commerce commune industry handicrafts the common era; A.D. B.C. wages, pay worker (in a particular field) ancient (used in compound words)* to take care of; to mind, to bother about (public) square (province in south China) advertisement Guángzhōu (Canton) Trade Fair (a province in so. China) to call (X) (Y) concept, idea, notion to be concerned/care about               7.1*, 8.5 as to, with regard to, concerning, about ancient times, antiquity; ancient ancient history* Former Imperial Palace (Museum) bone ashes, ashes (of a person)* rules of proper behavior, social etiquette, manners; special custom, established practice, rule (of a community or organization) (a city in GuàngxI Province) scale, scope, dimensions (a province of China) country, state, nation; national national economy* the past to pass; to pass away, to die to live; to get along* the national language (Taiwan)* story feature film* ancient book* ----------- ----------------------- ----------- hái fairly, passably 7.U h&igáng harbor, seaport 8.8 h&iluòyīn heroin 7.7* háishi it would be better to 8.U*, 8.7 ----------- ----------------------- ----------- ----------------------- --------------------------------------- ----------- h&iwān bay; gulf 8.5 . h&iyùn sea transportation 8.8 hánshòubān correspondence courses 8.6* Hànyǔ the Chinese language 8.6 h&ochù benefit, advantage 7.5 hǎoh&o (h&oháor) properly, carefully, thoroughly 7.1*, 7.8 ...h&o le (used when agreeing, suggesting, or 8.1 permitting); (used when giving in to something) h&o shi h&o, k&shi... well, okay, but... 7.3* hǎoxiàng to seem as if, to seem like 7.8 hàozhāo (hàozhào) to appeal to/to call on (people to 8.7 engage in an activity) Heilongjiang (a province in northeast China) 8.5 hēiyè (darkness of) night, nighttime 7.3 hen to hate, to detest; to feel bitter 7.6 toward hépíng peace; peacefully 8.6 héxiá to write together, to coauthor 8.8* he zuò to cooperate; cooperation 8.8 Hóngwèibīng (a) Red Guard; the Red Guards 7.6 hòulái later, afterwards 7.2*, 7.5 -hù household, family 8.3 huá to spend, to expend 8.5* -huà -ize, -ify 8.3 Huábāi north of China 8.1 huàcè book of photographs 8.U* Huánán south of China 8.1 huángdì emperor 8.6* Huang He the Yellow River 8.3* Huangshān (a mountain in Anhui Province) 8.1 huángtú gāoyuán loess plateau 8.6* Huángzhuāng (name of a commune) 8.7* huānsòng to see off, to send off 8.8 huānsònghuì farewell/send-off meeting 8.8 or party Huáshèngdùn Youbào Washington Post 7.7 huàxián synthetic fiber 8.5* -hui (counter for shì, "matter") 7.8 huì might; to be likely to; will 7.1 huìhuà conversation 8.2* huítòu(r) Jiàn see you later (in a little while) 8.1 huo to live; to become alive; to survive; 7.5 to be live/alive/living; mobile, moving huódòng activity 8.2* huòtul sānmíngzhì ham sandwich 8.1* húshuō to talk nonsense; nonsense, drivel 7.2* hùxiǎng mutually 7.U ----------------------- --------------------------------------- ----------- [] -Jiā -Jiā J iāgōng Jiākuài JiSnchēng JiSndān Jiàng J iSng JiSng Jià(qian) JiSngJiu Jiāngnán Jiāngsū Jiènlì Jiànshè Jiànyì Jiànzhù (-zhú, Jiao -Jiào Jiàokēshū Jiāoliú Jiāoqū Jiàoshī Jiàotáng Jiāotōng Jiāoyìhuì Jiàoyu Jiàqian Jiārù Jiāshǔ Jiātíng jTbSn Jìbenshang Jīdòng Jiè -Jiè Jièdao J ièfàng Jièfàngjūn Jiehūn (jiěhūn) JiēJi -------------------------------------------- ------------ level, rank, grade, stage, degree 8.8 to be crowded 8-.1+ to remember; to commit to memory 7.5* (counter for families) 7.U (suffix indicating a professional or 8.3 specialist in some activity) to process; to finish (a product) 8.8 to speed up 8.2 abbreviation 8.2* to be simple 7.7 to stress, to pay attention to, to 7.3 be particular about prize 7.5* to bargain, to haggle 8.8* to be particular about; to be 7.3* elegant, to be tasteful the area south of the the lower 8.3*, 8.7 reaches of the Yangtze River (a coastal province of China) 8.5* to establish, to found 8.5* to build up, to construct; construc 8.3 tion, reconstruction to suggest; suggestion, proposal 8.8* zhu)    to build, to construct; structure; 8.1+ architecture to hand over, to give 8.6 religion, church (bound form) 8.6 textbook 8.2* to exchange; exchange, interchange 8.6 suburbs, outskirts 8.3 teacher, instructor 8.2 church, cathedral 7.7*, 8.1+ traffic; transportation 8.6 trade fair 8.8 to educate; education 7.7 price 8.8 to Join 7.6 ■family members, (family) 8.7 dependents family 7.3 basic, fundamental, elementary •8.2 basically, on the whole, by 8.2 and large to be agitated, to be worked up 7.1* to borrow; to lend 7.1 session 8.8* to successfully borrow 7.1 to liberate, to emancipate; liberation 7.6 (People’s) Liberation Army, PLA 8.6 to get married 7.2 (social) class 8.8 -------------------------------------------- ------------ -------------------- ----------------------------------------- ----------- Jiěshòu to accept 8.U* Jièyì^ to mind, to take offense 7.6 JÍJÍmángmáng in a hurry, extremely rushed 7.6 jímáng to be hasty, to be hurried 7.6 Jin to be tight 8.7 Jin... the past..., the last... 8.5 jìnbù to progress; progress 7.7 J ìnchūkōu import-export 8.8 Jìndàishī modern history 7.1* J īngguò to go through, to pass through; as 8.2 a result of, after, through; course (of events), what has happened JlngJi tèqū special economic zone (SEZ) 8.8 Jīngshén energy, spirits 7.3* Jīngxìdào (a kind of rice plant) 8.3 Jíníng (a city in Inner Mongolia) 8.6* Jìnkōu to import 8.8 Jīnr today (Béijīng) 7.8* Jīnshǔ metal 8.5 J inxíng to carry on, to conduct, to proceed 8.7 JīnzhSng to be nervous, to be tense 7.3*, 8.7 Jīqì (Jīqi) machine, machinery, apparatus 8.3 Jìshu technique, skill; technology; technical 8.2 Jiù ná Sichuan lái shuō take Sichuan for example 8.5* Jiùshi...yè... even (if)... 8.7 Jlxiè (jījiè) machine; machinery; mechanical 8.5 Jīxièhuà to mechanize; mechanization 8.3 Jìzh? reporter, Journalist 8.1* Jízhǒng to concentrate; to centralize; to put 8.8 together Jìzhu to remember 7.1* -Jù sentence; (counter for sentences or 7.1 utterances, often followed by huà, ’’speech”) Juédìng to decide; decision 8.1* Jǔ ge lìzi give an example 8.3’ Jǔnduì army 7.8* Júzi shuī(r) orange Juice (Béijīng) 7.1’ -------------------- ----------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- --------------------------------------- ----- (V V) kàn try and (V), (V) and see how it is 7.7 kàn to depend on 7.8 kànbuqī to look down on, to scorn, to 7.U despise kàndao to see 7.3 kànzhe (followed by a verb) as one sees fit, 7.8 as one deems reasonable kào to take/give an exam, test, or quiz 7.8 kào to depend on, to rely on; to lean 7.2 ----------- --------------------------------------- ----- against; to be next to/against/by ------------ -------------------------------------------- ----------- k&olu to consider, to think about; consideration 7 _(t)l kSoshàng to be admitted (to a school or organi 8.6* zation by passing an entrance exam) káoshì to take/give an exam,"test, or quiz; 7.8 exam, test -kē (counter for trees) 8.U* k? indeed, certainly, really 8.U kěài to be loveable/adorable/cute 7.8* kējì science and technology 8.2* kěk&yīn cocaine 7.7* Kěkōukělè Coca Cola 7.1*, 7.3 kělián to be pitiful 7.3* kěn to be willing to 7.7’, 8.8 kěnéng to be possible 8.1* kěxué science; to be scientific 8.2 kōng empty 8.8 kōngchulai to become vacant 8.1* kǒngshōu empty-handed 8.8 -kSu (counter for people considered as 8.3 making up a family) kōuyin accent 8.1* kū to cry 7.3 kuài yào will soon 8.7 kuàngqū mining region 8.5 kùnnan difficulty 8.2* ------------ -------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------- Lading zìmǔ Latin (Roman) alphabet 8.6* ...lái for the past...(amount of time) 7.6 lái (used before a verb to express that something will be done) 7.7 lái to do (something), to perform (something), to have (an event), to help oneself (to food, etc.), to join in (a game, etc.) 7.8 ...lái shuō ...speaking 8.5 lājl garbage 7.3* làngfèi to waste 8.2* lánwěiyán appendicitis 7.5* láo all the time, always 7.8* láodòng to labor 7.5 láodonglì labor force, labor; able-bodied person 7.5 l&olao grandmother, grandma (maternal) 7.U* láolì labor force; labor 7.5 láo shīfu old master 7.5* láoshú (láoshu) mouse or rat 7.2* l&oxiǎnsheng old gentlemen 7.5’ l&oyé grandfather, grandpa (maternal) 7.1*’ ----------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------- láozJSng -lèi -11 liS lián...dōu/yS... liàng liángshi liánxì Liáodài liǎoji? liáo tiān(r) lí jìng lìliàng (lìliàng) llmào līngdáo lìngwài liùshi niándài liúxia liúxíng liúxuéshēng 11 wù luàn luànqībāzāo Lǔ Xùn It} shi lūxíngtuán Module & Unit (used with surname as an affectionate 7.8* term for a high-ranking PLA commander) category li, a unit of length (1/2 km.) TĒáiJìng colloquial word meaning* liángge, ’’two”) even... to be bright, to be light; to be shiny 8.6 grain, cereals to contact, to get in touch with; connection, ties the Liáo Period* to understand/grasp/comprehend; to find out/acquaint oneself with to chat to leave a country or place power; force; strength manners, politeness to lead, to direct, to exercise lead- 7.6 ership (over); leadership; leader, leading cadre other* the decade of the sixties* to leave* to be common, to be popular, to be prevalent study-abroad students gift to be in disorder, to be in a mess, to be chaotic; arbitrarily, recklessly, any old way in a mess, in confusion, in dis- order; miscellaneous, motley, all thrown in together (a famous Chinese author of the 1920s* and 1930s) lawyer, attorney tour group ------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----- ma (marker for obviousness of reasoning) 7.3 ma (marker for insistent sentences) 7.7 mànmàn (mànmānr) slowly; gradually, by and by; taking one’s time (doing something); (tell) all about, in all details 7.1 mányì to be pleased, to be satisfied 8.1 màoyi trade 8.8 me (ma) (pause marker) 8.6 méi to be beautiful 8.6 ------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ méitàn coal 8.5 méi yìsi to be uninteresting/boring; to be pointless/meaningless; to be a drag; to be without value, not worthy of respect, cheap 7.2 -mén (counter for courses) 8.7 miànji (surface) area 8.3 Ming (name of a dynasty, 1368—16UU) 8.1* míngbai to understand, to be clear on, to comprehend; to be clear, to be intelligible 7.5 Ming Bào Ming Pao (a Hong Kong newspaper) 7.7 míngcí word, term, expression 8.3 mínzú nationality, a people, nation (ethnic group) 8.1 mínzú zhījiān between nationalities 8.6 mú female (for animals) 7.2 -mú mu (a unit of area) 8.3 múchán per-mu yield 8.3 Mùníhēi Munich 8.U mùqián the present; at present 8.2 mùtou wood 8.U --------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ ------------------ ------------------------------------------- ----------- nà hái yòng shuō that goes without saying 7.2* nSinai grandmother (paternal) 7.1* nákāi to take away, to move (something) out 8.6* of the way nánfāng the bridegroom’s side 7.5* nánfāng the south 8.1 Nán M?i South America 7.7* w nannu men and women, male-female 7.2 nánshòu to be uncomfortable; to feel bad, 7.3 to feel unhappy nántīng to be unpleasant to hear; to sound 7.8 bad, to offend the ears; to be scandalous ne (used in questions asking the where 7.U* abouts of someone/something) ne (indicating lack of completion/absence 7.U of change) .. .ne as for... 8.5 nèidì interior region (of a country) 8.5*, 8.6 Nèimèng(gǔ) Inner Mongolia, Nei Mongol (an auto 8.1 nomous region of China) nénglì ability 7.6* niándài decade of a century; period, era 8.5 niánjì (-Ji) age 7.U niánlíng (-ling) age 8.2* niánqīng to be young 7.1 ------------------ ------------------------------------------- ----------- nl hái shi iSoyàngzi you look as if you haven't changed a bit 8.U* nílóng nylon 8.5* nòng to do; to fool with; to get 7.3 nóngchǎng farm 8.3*, 8.7* nóngcūn country, rural area; rural 7.5*, 7.6 nònglai to get and bring 7.3 nóngmín peasant 7.5*, 8.3*, 8.6 nongyè agriculture 7.5 nongyèqū farming region 8.3* nūlì to make great efforts, to try 7-7*, 8.2 hard, to exert oneself nūshěng coed, woman student 7.3* Ouzhōu 8.U ----------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------ pà to be afraid 7.U* pSolai pSoqù to run back and forth 7.6*, 8.U* pèngdao to hit; to run into, to come across 7.8* -piān (counter for sheets, articles or 7.2 pieces of writing) plan to fool, to deceive 7.2* piānzi film, movie 8.1* pichá bing pizza 7.1* ping to be flat, to be level 8.3* píngdèng equality; to be equal (of people) 7.2 píngfāng gōngli square kilometer 8.3* píngjūn (on the) average 8.3 píngjūnshù an average number, a mean 8.3* píngyuán plain, flatlands 8.3 píngzi bottle 8.8* pīnmìng with all one’s might, for all one 7.2 is worth, desperately, like mad; to risk one’s life, to defy death plnzhíng variety 8.3* pīzhǔn to give permission, to approve; 7.5* approval, permission, sanction pópo gra dmother, grandma 7.h‘ pubian to be universal, to be general, to 8.2 be widespread, to be common pǔtSng to be common/regular/ordinary 8.2 pǔtōnghuà the common (standard) speech, 8.1 ----------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------ Standard Chinese qiāng qiáng qiángguó Qiānjīndào Qiánmén qiānwàn qiánxiē nián qiāo men qíguài qìlai -qilai qīmS Qin qīng qīngchú (-chu) qīng gōngyè Qīnghāi qīngjiāo qíngkuàng qíngxing qīngzhēnsì qīnlūè qiong qítā qiūjì (-)qū quán quàn quánbù quánguó quánjiā rén qǔbié +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | gun | 7.7* | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | to be strong | 7.-6* | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | powerful nation, a (world) power | 8.5 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Thousand-Catty Rice | 8.3* | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | (a gate in BèiJIng) | 8.U | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | under any circumstances; by no | 8.8 | | means; | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | without fail, be sure to a few | 7.8* | | years back, in recent years | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | to knock at the door | 7.U* | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | to be strange, to be odd, to be | 7.3 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | surprising | 7.U | | | | | to get up (in several senses) | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | (resultative ending which | 7.3 | | indicates | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | starting) | 8.5 | | | | | at least; minimum, lowest, | | | rudimentary, | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | elementary | 8.U | | | | | (name of a dynasty, 221-207 B.C.) | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | to be light | 8.5 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | to be clear, to be distinct | 8.7 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | light industry | 8.5 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | (a province in western China) | 7.3*, 8.6* | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | green pepper | 8.3* | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | situation, circumstances, | 7.1 | | condition, | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | state of affairs situation, | 7.1 | | circumstances, condition, | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | state of affairs | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | mosque | 8.6* | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | to invade; invasion, aggression | 8.U | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | to be poor | 8.5 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | other, else; the rest | 8.5 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | the fall season | 8.3* | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | area, region, district | 8.5 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | entirely, completely; whole, | 8.1 | | entire; | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | to be complete | 7.8 | | | | | to advise, to urge, to try to | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | persuade entire, whole, all | 8.1 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | the whole country | 8.3 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | the whole family | 7.U* | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | difference, distinction | 8.2 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ rang ràng nī Jiu d?ng le rén rang rénj ia rénmín rénmín gōngshè to make (someone a certain way) I’ve kept you waiting person; self; body to throw, to throw away people; other people; someone else; they; he, she; I the people people’s commune 7.1 8.5* 7.U 8.8* 7.U 8.3 8.3 ------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ rènwéi to think/believe/consider (that) 8.2 rényuán personnel, staff 8.7 rèxín to be enthusiastic and interested; to be warmhearted 7.3 rèxīnqilai to become enthusiastic and interested 7.3 rìzi day; date; time 7.3* rù to enter; to Join (an organization) 7.6 ruò to be weak 8.5 rù Tuan to Join the Communist Youth League (Gòngqǐngtuán or Gòngchǎnzhǔyì Qīngniántuan) 7.6 ------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ ------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ sàn bù to go for a stroll 8.6' shǎ to kill (means unspecified); to kill (specifically, with a knife or knifelike instrument); to try to kill 7.7 shá to be stupid, to be dumb, to be 7.8 silly, to be naive shāfā sofa 7.8' shāmò desert 8.6 shāndì mountainous region, hilly area (geographical term) 8.3 -shang (a verb ending indicating starting and continuing )- 7.6 shāngren businessman, businesswoman 8.8 shàng xué to go to school; to attend school 7.6 shǎngyè commerce, business 7.5 shānqū hilly country, mountainous region 8.3 Shǎnxī (province in north central China) 8.5 shàoshù minority; a minority of, a small number of, few 8.1 shǎoshù mínzú minority nationality, national minority 8.1 Shàoxiānduì Young Pioneers 7.6' shèbèi equipment; facilities; installation 8.8 shèhuì society; social 7.1 shèhuì kěxué social sciences 8.2 -shēng province 8.h shēngchàn to produce; production 7.5 shēngchàn dàduì production brigade 8.3 shēngch&nduì production team 8.3 shēnghuó to live; life; daily life; livelihood 7.2 shēngyì (shēngyi) business, trade 7.8 shēnqīng to apply (for) 7.2 shēntī body; health 7.1* Shēnzhèn (a border stop in Guangdong, formerly spelled Shumchun) 8.1 shèyuán commune member 8.7 ------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ Module & Unit shi shi shìcháng Shi Dà Jiànzhù shìjiè shìjièshang shìjièxìng Shisānlíng shitáng shíxiàn shixíng shíyóu shizài shìzhèngfǔ shou shòu shòu shōuchāode shōudū shòu Jiàoyu shōurù shōushi shōuxiān shòu xiànzhi shù shūcài shuīpíng shǔjià shùliàng ...(lái) shuō shuōbuqīngchu shuōdao shuōfá shuòshì sī Sichuan Sìge Xiàndàihuà sìjì ' sìjì chang lu Si Jì Qīng Si Shǔ sīxiSng to cause (folloved by a verb), to make, to enable city, municipality market* the Ten Great Structures (in Béijīng) 8.ú world in the world, in the whole world worldwide the Ming Tombs mess hall, dining room to realize/achieve/bring about/ accomplish/come true to practice, to carry out, to put into effect, to implement (a method, policy, plan, reform, etc.) petroleum, oil really; to be real city hall* to harvest to receive to be thin* handwritten* capital to receive an education income, earnings to straighten up; to get one’s things ready first; first of all, in the first place 8.2 to be restricted* tree* vegetable level, standard simmer vacation quantity, amount, number ...speaking can’t explain clearly to speak of; as for way of saying a thing; statement, version, argument Master’s degree                           7.2*,* to die                                    7.3’, (province in central China) the Four Modernizations (of agricul- ture, industry, national defense, and science and technology) four seasons* green all year round* (a commune in Báijīng suburbs) the Four Books (Dàxué, Zhōnpyōng, LúnyS, Mèngzī) thought, way of thinking, ideas          7.5*, 8.6* sònghuiqu to take/escort back 7.5’ • sòngxíng to see (someone off), to wish (someone) a good trip; to give a going-away party 7.8 suàn to be considered, to count as, can be regarded as 8.2*, 8.5 suàn le forget it, let’s drop the matter, let it go at that; come off it, come on 7.2 sùdu speed, pace 8.2 Sū-Háng Suzhou and Hangzhou (abbreviation) 8.6* Sǔlian Soviet Union 8.5’ sūnnù granddaughter (through one’s son) grandson (through one’s son) 7.U sǔnzi 7.U suōyōude...dōu all 7.3 sùshè living quarters; dormitory 8.7 -------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- -tai (counter for machines) 8.3 tàiyang sun 8.8* tan to talk about (used with the object shēngyì, màoyi, etc., in the sense of "to negotiate") 8.8 tán liàn’ài to be in love, to be going together (courtship) 7.8* tàolùn to discuss; discussion 8.6 tSoyàn to dislike, to be disgusted with 7.6* tèdi&n distinctive trait, characteristic 8.3 téng to be very fond of, to be attached to, to dote on 7.8 tí to carry (from the hand at the side of the body); to lift/raise; to mention/bring up; to put forward/ propose; to ask (questions) 7.8’, 8.2 Tiān’ānmén the Gate of Heavenly Peace 8.U Tianjin (Tiānjlng) (a municipality and port in northeast China) 8.5 tian liàng daybreak, dawn; to become light out 8.6 Tian Tan the Temple of Heaven 8.U tiào to jump, to leap 7.3’ tiáojiàn conditions), circumstances 8.2 tiáoyuē treaty 8.8 tiáozi a brief, informal note 8.1’ tíchǔ to raise/put forward/propose 8.2 tíchulai to bring up 8.2 tièlù railroad 8.7 tígāo to raise, to improve 8.2 tímu (-mù) topic, subject; title; exam question, test problem 7.5 ting to heed (advice), to obey (orders) 7.5 -------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- ---------------------------------------- ---------- tīngdechǔ to be able to distinguish by listening 8.1* tongjū to cohabit; cohabitation 7.2 tóngyì to consent, to agree 7.5 tíngyī to become united; to unite, to unify; 8.6 unification tour head, chief, boss 7.7* -tuán group of people, society (bound form) 7.6, 8.1 Tuan the (Communist Youth) League 7.6 tǔdì land 7.U Tiíěrqí Turkey 8.6* tuī to push 8.7* tuōlājī tractor 8.3 tūpiàn picture, photograph 8.3 Tz.’ Tsk (clicking sound with several 8.6 ----------- ---------------------------------------- ---------- different uses: disappointment, admiration, hesitation, etc.) -------------------- ----------------------------------------- ----------- wàigōng grandfather, grandpa (maternal) 7.U* wàihuì foreign exchange 8.7* wàipo grandmother, grandma (maternal) 7.1+* wàishāng foreign businessman 8.8* wàiwén foreign language 7.5* wānhuì evening party; evening of entertainment 7.6*, 8.8 w&nliàn wSnhūn late involvement and late marriage 7.2* Wànll Changchéng the Great Wall of Ten Thousand Li 8.U -wèi place, position 8.5 wéidà to be great (e.g., a leader) 8.U* wèile in order to; for the purpose of; for 7.5 the sake of Wéiwúér the Uygur (Uighur) nationality 8.6 WénGé the Cultural Revolution 8.2* wénhuà culture; schooling, education, literacy 7.1 Wénhuà (Dà) Gémìng the Cultural Revolution 8.2* wénxuéj iā writer, literary man 7.6* wénzhāng article, essay; prose style 7.2 wénzì writing, script, written language 8.6 wSde tian na.' my God.’ 7.1* WuduS JInhuā Five Golden Flowers (a film) 8.1* wǔjiào noontime nap 7.8 Wuxi (a city in Jiāngsū province) 8.7* xì department (of a school) 8.2* -xià under 7.6 xiàndài modern, contemporary; modern times 7.1*, 8.2 xiàndàihuà to become modernized; modernization; 8.2 modern(ized), sophisticated xiāng to sound, to make a sound 7.1** -------------------- ----------------------------------------- ----------- ----------------------- ---------------------------------------- ----------- xiàng to be like, to resemble; like; such as 7.2 xiàngbuchū can't think up, can't come up with 7.2* xiāngdāng quite, pretty, considerably 7.2 xiàngdao to think of 7.3 xiāngxìn to believe (in); to trust, to be 7.7*, 8.6 certain, to be convinced (that) xiàngzhe to be thinking of, to have on one's 8.U mind xiānjin to be advanced 8.3 xiànjīn cash 8.3* xiànzhi to restrict, to limit; restriction, 8.8 limitation xiào young 7.1* xiào diàn(r) shēng(r) a little more quietly 7.8* xiāofèi to consume 8.8 xiāofèipīn consumer goods 8.8 xiāofèizh? consumer 8.8 xiàolū efficiency 8.8 xiāomiè to exterminate/eliminate/wipe out/ 8.7 stamp out xiào péngyou little friend; kids 7.U xiàoshun to be filial; filial obedience 7.3 xiàoshuō(r) fiction, novel 7.1 xiāoxi news 8.8 xià qí to play chess 7.6 -xiaqu (resultative ending which indicates 7.2 continuing an action) -xiaqu down (directional ending used for 7.3 eating or drinking down) XTbài the Northwest 8.1 xī dú to take drugs; drug taking 7.7 Xīfāng the West 8.6* xíguàn habit, custom, usual practice; to be 7.5 accustomed to, to be used to xīn heart; mind 7.3 -xing nature, -ness, -ity 7.7 xìngkuī fortunately, luckily 7.U* xìngqu interest 7.2 Xīnjiǎng (an autonomous region of China) 8.1 xìn jiao to believe in a religion 8.6* xīnkà to be arduous/tiring/hard work; to 8.3 work hard/go through hardships xīnli in one's heart, in one's mind 7.1’ xīnshàng to appreciate/enjoy/admire 8.U xīnshì something weighing on one's mind, 7.1* worry xīnwén news 7.2 "Xīnwén Jiànbào" "News Summary" 8.1* xīnvénpiǎn newsreel 8.1* Xīnvén Zhōukān Newsweek 7.2 ----------------------- ---------------------------------------- ----------- ------------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------ xiū to repair; to build (roads, reservoirs); to trim, to prune 8.U xuin to choose, to select; to elect 8.7 xúduō many, much 8.5 xué hào to learn from good examples, to learn 7.7’ to be a good person xuéhuì to learn, to master 7.6’ xuéqī semester, term (of school) 7.1 xuéshēnghuì student association 7.1’ xué yī to study medicine 7.2 xuéyuàn (academic) institute 8.2*. 8.6* xuézh? scholar 8.1 xùmuyè livestock farming, animal husbandry 8.6 xùnliànbān training class 7.6* xūyàoliàng level of need/demand (for an item) 8.U* ------------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------------ ----------------- y&n dianyIng to show a movie 8.1* -yàng kind, sort (bound form) 8.7 yán’gé to be strict, to be rigorous 8.2* yánhli along the coast, coastal 8.5 yánjīng eye 8.8 yánjiū (-Jiu, -Jiù) to study (in detail), to do 7.1 research on; research yánjiūshěng graduate student 8.2 yánzhe along(side) 8.7 yánzhòng to be serious, to be grave 8.8 yàoburan otherwise 8.2*, 8.7’ yào kàn to depend on 7.8 ySoqiú to require/request/demand 8.6*, 8.8* Yàzhǒu (Yá-) Asia 7.1 yèdà evening university 7.6* yèdàxué evening university 8.7’ yé gai really should 7.U* ...yí hào, ...yè hSo whether...or...; both...and... 7.5 yè Jiù accordingly, correspondingly, so 7.5 yéye grandfather (paternal) 7.1’, 7.U yèyú spare-time, after-hours, amateur 8.7 yī medical science, medicine (used in 7.2 phrases like xué yi) yī as soon as 7.1’, 7.U’, 8.8 yi- (used before direction words to 8.7 mark direction with reference a point) -yì hundred million 7.3 yìbān lái shuǒ generally speaking, ordinarily 8.5’ yìbiǎn(r)... doing...while doing... 7.1 ---------------------- ------------------------------------ ----------------- ylbiān(r)... +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yìfǎngmiàn..., | on the one hand..., | 7.2 | | | on the other | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yìfǎngmiàn... | hand...; for one | | | | thing..., for | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Yíhéyuán (Yì-) | another thing... | 8.1* | | | | | | | the Summer Palace (in | | | | Bōijìng) | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yìjiāzi | one family; the whole | 7.8* | | | family; the | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yī..Jiù... | same family as soon | 8.8 | | | as | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yímiàn(r)... | doing...while | 7.1 | | | doing... | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yímiàn(r)... | more and more every | 8.3* | | | year | | | yìnián bl yìnián duō | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yìnián sìjì | in all four seasons | 8.3* | | | of the year, | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yí shàng | all year round above, | 8.7 | | | over (an amount) | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yìshí | for the moment | 8.1** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yìshu | art | 8.1* | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | YIsīlán Jiào | Islam | 8.6 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yìtiǎn dào wSn. | all day long | 7.3 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yīwéi | to think | 8.1 | | | (mistakenly), to | | | | assume | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yíxià | under (an amount) | 8.7 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yīxué | medical science, | 7.2 | | | medicine | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yīyuàn | hospital | 7.3’ | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yìzhí | all along, | 7.2 | | | continuously, all the | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yònggōng | time (up until a | 7.3 | | | certain point) to be | | | | hardworking (in one’s | | | | studies) | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu | excellent | 7.5’ | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu | to come up to (a | 7.2’ | | | certain level) | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu | also | 7.1* | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu | anyway; after all | 7.8 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu bànfá, (duì...) | to be able to deal | 7.7 | | | with (something) | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu bāngzhu | to be helpful | 7.2 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu dàoll | to make sense | 7.2 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōuéryuán | kindergarten | 7.5*, 8.7 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu gulju | to have manners, to | 7.U | | | be proper | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōuhāo | to be friendly, to be | 8.1** | | | amicable | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yóulān | to sightsee, to tour | 8.1* | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu límào | to be well mannered, | 7.1* | | | to be polite | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu míng | to be famous | 8.1’ | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu qián | to be rich | 7.1* | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu xiào | to be effective; to | 7.7 | | | be valid | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu xìngqu | to be interested | 7.2 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu yánjiǔ | to have done research | 7.2 | | | on; to know | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yōu yōng | a lot about to be | 7.3 | | | useful | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yǔ^ | and (written style) | 8.6* | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yuánlái | original, former; | 7.8 | | | originally, | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yuànyi | formerly; it turns | 7.8 | | | out that..., so...J | | | | (expresses finding | | | | out the true | | | | situation | | | | | | | | to wish, would like, | | | | to want to; | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | yuányīn | to be willing to | 7.6 | | | reason, cause | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ ---------------- --------------------------------- ------ yúcháng fishery 8.7 yuè lai yuè... more and more..., increasingly 7.-2 yuè...yuè... the more...the more... 7.2 yūfS grammar 8.2 yùn to transport, to ship, to carry 8.8 Yúnnán (a province of China) 8.1 yùnqi luck 7.8 yuyán language 8.1 yǔyánxué linguistics 8.1 yǔyánxuéjià linguist 8.1 ---------------- --------------------------------- ------ +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zài shuō | furthermore, besides, | 7.5’, 7.8* | | | moreover | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | ...zài shuō | ...and then we’ll see | 8.1 | | | about it | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | z&o | a long time ago | 7.3’ | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | z&ohūn | early marriage; child | 7.5 | | | marriage; to marry as | | | | a child, to marry | | | | early | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zénme gàode | what’s wrong; what’s | 8.1’ | | | the matter; how come | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zánme (yì)huí shi | what’s it all about | 7.8 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zènme (yì)huí shi | like this | 7.8 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zéren (-rèn) | responsibility | 7.7 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhāi huā(r) | to pick flowers | 8.7’ | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhàn | to occupy (space), to | 8.1 | | | take up (time); | | | | | | | | to make up, to | | | | constitute (an | | | | amount) | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zháng | to grow | 7.3 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhángdà | to grow up | 7.3 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhàngfu | husband | 7.5 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhànzhēng | war | 7.U’, 8.2*, 8.6 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhSobudào | can’t.find, to be | 7.2*, 9.2 | | | unable to find | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhàogu | to take care of; care | 7.5 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhàopiàn | photograph | 8.U* | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhèi yíxiàzi | after this, as a | 7.8 | | | result of this | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Zhéjiāng (Zhejiang) | (a province in | 8.6 | | | eastern China) | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhème (yì)huí shi | like this | 7.8 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhèng | Just, precisely, | 7.5 | | | right | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhèngcè | policy | 7.6, 7.5’ | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhèngfú | government | 7.6, 7.U* | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhénggè(r) | whole, entire; | 8.2 | | | completely, in | | | | entirety | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhènghXo(r) | it Just so happens | 7.8 | | | that, to happen to, | | | | as it happens; Just | | | | in time, Just right, | | | | Just enough | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhéngqí | to be neat, to be | 8.U* | | | tidy | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhèngzhi | politics; political | 7.1 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhígōng | staff and workers; | 8.7 | | | worker or staff | | | | member | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhī hào | can only, to have to, | 7.U | | | to be forced to | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | ...zhīj iSn | between... | 8.8’ | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhiliàng (zhí-,zhī-) | quality | 8.2 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | zhīshi | knowledge | 7.2 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ zhī yào zhìzào zhìzàochāng -zhòng zhòng zhòng zhòngdián Zhōngdōng Zhōngguō Guōjì Lūxíngshg Zhōngguō Lūxíngshè Zhōngguō Qīngnián Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó zhòng nán qīng nu Zhōngshān Gōngyuán zhōngxīn Zhōngxuéshěng zhōngzú zhōukān zhuānjiā zhuàn qián zhuānyè zhuānyèhuà zhǔrén zhùxialai zhǔyào -zhūyì zīběn zìcóng zirán zirán kěxué zixué zìyōu zìyōu shìchāng zīyuán zizhìqū zōng zōngde lái shuō zōnggōngchéngshī zōngjiào zōng mi anJi zōng shōurù zōngtōng -zú Module & Unit provided that, as long as                 7.7 7 £* to manufacture manufacturing plant, factory ^(ln) to plant; to grow to be heavy focal point, emphasis; key the Middle East China International Travel Service* (CITS) China Travel Service (CTS) China Youth (a periodical)* People's Republic of China* to regard males as superior to females Sun Yatsen Park* center, heart, core, hub; central High School Student (a periodical)* race; racial weekly publication, weekly magazine specialist, expert to earn money, to make money special line/field/discipline to specialize; specialization host; master* to move and stay (in a place), to* settle down major, main, essential; mainly,          7.5*, 8.1 essentially -ism, doctrine (bound form) capital* ever since* nature; to be natural; naturally; in the normal course of events natural sciences to study by oneself* freedom; to be free free market                                    7 • 5 * (natural) resources autonomous region always; inevitably, without exception; after all, in any case generally speaking, on the whole chief engineer* (organized) religion total area* total income* president* nationality Module & Unit zui zuì zuìJin zuo -zuò zuòbuliío zuò llbài zuòxia zuòyè zǔzhi mouth* crime; guilt lately, recently; the near future, soon to be, to act as (counter for massive objects)* to be unable to do** to worship, to attend a religious        7-7*,* service to sit down homework* to organize; organization 25 ¹ He really is. ² The five autonomous regions (AR) are Nèiměnggū Zìzhìqū Níngxià Huízú Zìzhìqū Xinjiang Weiwúēr Zìzhìqū Gu&ngxī Zhuàngzú Zìzhìqū Xīzàng Zìzhìqū