Standard Chinese, a modular approach, biographic information module, Unit 4, Production Tape 1.
On the comprehension tape in this unit, you learn a number of sentences which talked about people's comings and going.
Before you go on to learn how to say these things, let's test your comprehension of them.
Try putting the following sentences into English, they're arranged in exchanges.
Number 1
你是一个人来的吗?
我不是一个人来的
不是,我不是一个人来的
不是,我不是一个人来的吗?
你爱人也来了吗?
你女儿来了吗?
来了,她来了
是的,她来了
她来了
Number 2
你朋友来了吗?
她没有来的吗?
她没有来的
她还没有来的
Number 3
你每天走
你走哪里?
我今天走
I'm leaving today.
Number four.
你朋友来了吗?
Has your friend come?
他已经来了.
He's already come.
他是什么时候到的?
When did he arrive?
他是昨天到的.
You arrived yesterday.
Number five.
你爱人也来了吗?
Has your husband come yet?
他还没来.
He hasn't come yet.
If you had any problems with these sentences,
reline the tape and work on them some more.
If you understood them all,
you can begin working on how to ask these questions
and how to answer them.
Listen to this exchange.
Mr. Martin,
the Canadian representative in Peking,
is asked if his wife is coming to join him.
你爱人来吗?
他来.
Repeat the verb to come.
来.来.来.
Repeat the sentence,
she's coming.
她来.她来.
In English,
we sometimes talk about future happenings
with present tense verb form.
Similarly in Chinese,
the sentence 她来
can mean he or she is coming now
or he or she is coming later.
Repeat the question,
is your wife coming?
你爱人来吗?
Try responding to the question now.
Assume that you're in Peking
and your spouse is coming to join you.
你爱人来吗?
他来.
What's the verb to come?
来.
Now suppose that your spouse
is already joined you.
Listen.
你爱人来了吗?
来了.她来了.
The marker 了
is used to indicate two things here.
First,
it shows that we're talking about
a completed action.
She came.
And second,
it shows that a new situation
has resulted.
She's here.
Repeat.
Yes, she's come.
来了.她来了.
Notice that we use
the whole verb form
that is the verb
and the marker 了
for the short answer yes.
How do you say
yes, she's come?
来了.她来了.
Try responding to the question now.
Assume that your spouse
is joined you.
你爱人来了吗?
来了.她来了.
Here's another question.
Listen.
你孩子也来了吗?
来了.他们都来了.
Repeat.
They all have come.
来了.他们都来了.
Repeat.
Yes, they all have come.
来了.他们都来了.
Try answering the following
questions about your family.
Assume that your spouse
and children
have now come to Peking.
你爱人来了吗?
来了.她来了.
你孩子呢?
他们也来了吗?
来了.他们都来了.
Again.你爱人来了吗?
来了.她来了.
你孩子呢?
他们也来了吗?
来了.他们都来了.
Now suppose that you've arrived
a few days before your wife.
Listen.
你爱人也来了吗?
她还没来.
You'll notice that even though
this is a negative sentence,
there's no negative adverb不.
When you're talking about a past event,
the negative adverb to use is may.
Repeat, she hasn't come yet.
她还没来.她还没来.
You'll also notice that the marker
lö doesn't show up
in the negative sentence.
Repeat, she hasn't come yet.
她还没来.她还没来.
You've seen that adverbs
such as high precede the verb.
However, they don't always
directly precede the verb.
Some things they go between
the adverb and the verb
like the negative adverb may.
How do you say
she hasn't come yet?
她还没来.
Come responding to the question yourself.
Answer that your wife hasn't come yet.
你爱人也来了吗?
她还没来.
Again,你爱人也来了吗?
她还没来.
The conversation continues.
她什么时候来?
她明天来.
Repeat the word for tomorrow.
明天.明天.明天.
The word 明天
Behaves like other adverbs
you've seen.
It precedes the verb.
Repeat, she's coming tomorrow.
她明天来.她明天来.
You'll notice that once again,
the verb, just as it is,
is used to indicate a future happening.
In this case, of course,
明天 makes it clear
it's a future happening.
How do you say
he or she is coming tomorrow?
她明天来.
Try answering the question now.
Your wife is coming tomorrow.
她什么时候来?
她明天来.
Again,
她什么时候来?
她明天来.
The phrase,
when, is literally what time.
Repeat the word for time.
时候.时候.时候.时候.
You already recognize the word for what.
Repeat the phrase for when.
什么时候?
The question phrase asking when
fills the same slot in the sentence
as the adverb telling when.
In other words,
什么时候?
In the question,
is replaced by明天 in the answer.
As usual,
the word order doesn't change
from question to answer.
Repeat,
when is she coming?
她什么时候来?
Try asking the question
ahead of the speaker.
她什么时候来?
Try asking it again.
This time,
we'll get a confirmation
and a reply.
她什么时候来?
她明天来.
Again,
Try answering a few questions
about your wife's travel plan.
She's not in Peking yet.
She's coming tomorrow.
你爱人也来了吗?
她还没来.
她什么时候来?
她明天来.
Again,
你爱人也来了吗?
她还没来.
她什么时候来?
她明天来.
Mr. Martin is talking about
a friend of his now.
Listen,
你朋友什么时候到?
她已经到了.
Repeat the verb to arrive.
到.
Repeat,what is your friend arriving?
你朋友什么时候到?
Try asking the question
ahead of the speaker.
你朋友什么时候到?
Try asking the question
what is your friend arriving?
Again,
this time,
we'll get a confirmation
and a reply.
你朋友什么时候到?
她已经到了.
Repeat the verb already.
已经.
The adverb已经 emitted like other adverbs
you've seen such as
high and low.
It comes before the verb.
Repeat,
he's already arrived.
她已经到了.
Now you try responding to the question.
Your friend has already arrived.
你朋友什么时候到?
她已经到了.
Again,
你朋友什么时候到?
她已经到了.
What's the word for yet?
嗨.
What's the word for already?
已经.
Now let's do some more work
and how to ask when.
So far,
you know how to ask
when something is going to happen.
How do you say
when is he coming?
她什么时候来?
Now listen to the speaker
ask when something took place.
你是什么时候到的?
我是昨天到的.
You expect to hear
the marker 乐 in this exchange
signaling completed action,
but instead you hear
the verb 事
before the time fairly
什么时候,or 昨天
and the marker 德 after the verb 到.
Listen again.
你是什么时候到的?
我是昨天到的.
You use the marker 乐
for completed action
when talking about
whether or not
the action took place.
You use the
你是什么时候到的?
昨天,昨天,昨天。
我是昨天到的。
你是什么时候到的?
我是昨天到的。
他来了。
他是昨天来的。
你朋友是什么时候到的?
他是一个人来的吗?
不是,他不是一个人来的。
他是一个人来的。
他不是一个人来的。
不是,他不是一个人来的。
他是一个人来的吗?
不是,他不是一个人来的。
你爱人是昨天到的吗?
是,他是昨天到的。
他是一个人来的吗?
不是,他不是一个人来的。
你爱人是昨天到的吗?
是,他是昨天到的。
他是一个人来的吗?
不是,他不是一个人来的。
孩子也来了。
你什么时候要走?
我今天走。
你什么时候要走?
我今天走。
你什么时候要走?
现在我们来评论这一项评论。
我会给你一些评论在英语中,然后你将它放进中国。
他们在交流中认识。
开始吧。
第一,他明天会来吗?
他明天会来吗?
他已经来。
他已经来了。
第二,有一个朋友来吗?
你朋友来了吗?
他还没来。
第三,他到哪里去了?
他是什么时候到的?
他到昨天。
他是昨天到的。
第四,你有来吗?
你是一个人来的吗?
不,我没有来。
不是,我不是一个人来的。
第四,你去哪里去了?
你每天走。
我今天走。