Standard Chinese, A Modular Approach, Money Module, Unit 4, Comprehension Tape 1.
This unit is set in the ROC. On this tape, you'll learn to understand questions and answers you would use in talking about something you've bought.
You'll remember that Major Weiss has been newly assigned to the Military Attaché's office in Taipei.
The Weisses have now been in Taipei several weeks and have moved into a house.
Mrs. Weiss has just come to her husband's office to meet him for lunch.
Listen as her husband's assistant, Ms. Hu, find out if she's gotten settled yet.
Have all your household things arrived?
您家里的东西都到了吗?
Some have arrived and some haven't arrived yet.
有的到了,有的还没到。
Here's the word for thing.
东西,东西.
Here's the phrase we've translated household things.
家里的东西,家里的东西.
You'll remember that the word 家里 literally means in the house.
And here's the word for some.
有的,有的.
The word for some is made up of the verb 有, there are, and the marker of modification 得.
The sentence 有的到了,有的还没到.
Might also be translated.
There are some which have arrived and there are some which haven't arrived yet.
Here's the exchange live.
您家里的东西都到了吗?
有的到了,有的还没到。
Again,您家里的东西都到了吗?
有的到了,有的还没到。
Check your comprehension.
您家里的东西都到了吗?
Have all your household things arrived?
有的到了,有的还没到。
Some have arrived and some haven't arrived yet.
Since the word 有的 has the meaning there is or there are,
it can't come after the verb any more than there are could in English.
We just don't say, I bought there are books.
You can use the word Yoda with an object however,
if the object is moved in front of the main verb.
Listen to this example.
Have you read these magazines?
这些杂志没看了吗?
Some of these magazines I've read and some I haven't read yet.
这些杂志有的我看了,有的我还没看。
Here's how you say these,这些,这些,
and here's how you would say those,那些,那些。
The toneless bound word 这些 is used in making the plural of specified nouns.
Notice that it occupies the position of a counter between the specifier and the noun.
You might think of it as meaning something like a bunch.
这些杂志,this bunch of magazines.
Notice also that in the second sentence,
topic 这些杂志 serves as background for the word 有的 some,
showing what it refers to.
In English, we indicate what the word some refers to
by following it with an L-phrase which names the thing.
Some of these magazines I've read.
In Chinese, the same information goes before the word 有的 in topic position.
这些杂志有的我看了。
Here's the exchange live.
这些杂志你看了吗?
这些杂志有的我看了,有的我还没看。
Again,这些杂志你看了吗?
这些杂志有的我看了,有的我还没看。
Check your comprehension.
这些杂志你看了吗?
Have you read these magazines?
这些杂志有的我看了,有的我还没看。
Some of these magazines I've read.
And some I haven't read yet.
For the next exchange, you'll need the expression for dishes.
Listen, 盘子碗.
The word for dishes is a compound made up of two parts.
The word 盘子 by itself is used for flat plates,
whether large or small.
And the word 碗 refers to bowls.
Listen as Mrs. Weiss continues the conversation live.
我们已经来了一个月了,还没有盘子碗。
Again,我们已经来了一个月了,还没有盘子碗。
Check your comprehension.
我们已经来了一个月了,还没有盘子碗。
We've already been here for a month and we still don't have any dishes.
Now Mrs. Weiss says that yesterday she finally went out and bought some dishes.
Here are two ways Mrs. Weiss might describe what she bought.
One specific and one general.
Listen, I bought ten rice bowls.
我买了十个饭碗,我买了十个饭碗,
I bought rice bowls.我买饭碗了,我买饭碗了.
Here's the word for rice bowl.饭碗,饭碗.
The last sentence you heard didn't mention how many bowls.
What else was different about it?
Listen to the two sentences again.
I bought ten rice bowls.我买了十个饭碗,我买了十个饭碗,
I bought rice bowls.我买饭碗了,我买饭碗了.
In the first sentence,我买了十个饭碗,
the completed action verb marker comes after the verb,
just as in duration sentences.她住了两天, she stayed two days.
In the second sentence,我买饭碗了,
the completed action verb marker unexpectedly comes after the noun phrase.
The difference between these two sentences is that in one,
you're talking about what the object is,
while in the other, you're talking about how many of the objects are involved.
Sentences with what we will call them up objects,
talking about how many act just like duration sentences,
with the verb marker after the verb for completed action
and after the noun phrase for new situation.
Duration sentences, of course, also talk about amounts, amounts of time.
Sentences with non-amount objects,talking about what,
indicate completed action by a verb marker after the object.
Here's an exchange reviewing the use of completed action verb
with amount and non-amount objects.
Listen to it live.你买什么了?我买杂志了.你买了几本?
我买了一本中文杂志,两本英文杂志.
Notice that the word 什么,what is a non-amount object,
and the word 几本,how many volumes is an amount object.
Here's the exchange again.你买什么了?我买杂志了.你买了几本?
我买了一本中文杂志,两本英文杂志.
Check your comprehension.你买什么了?
What did you buy?我买杂志了. I bought magazines.
I bought magazines.你买了几本? How many did you buy?
我买了一本中文杂志,两本英文杂志.
I bought one Chinese language magazine and two English language magazines.
Now let's go back to the conversation between Miss Hu and Mrs. Weiss. Listen.
Yesterday I bought some dishes. 昨天我买了一点盘子碗.
How many did you buy?你买了多少?
I bought ten rice balls and ten margar plates. 我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.
Notice that in the first sentence 昨天我买了一点盘子碗,the time word昨天 yesterday comes in topic position before the subject war instead of after the subject in its usual adverb position.
Here the time word is being used to set the scene for the rest of the sentence.
Both place and time expressions can be put in topic position as scene setters.
Notice that adding the word 一点 makes盘子碗 into an amount object since 一点 a little bit is an amount.
Here's the word used for how many in this exchange. 多少多少?
You've already had the word 多少 with the meaning how much.
You've now had two ways to ask how many. You use the bound word 几 plus a counter when you expect the answer to be ten or less.
If you expect the answer to be a larger amount, you use the word 多少.
Here's the exchange lot 昨天我买了一点盘子碗,你买了多少?
我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.
Again 昨天我买了一点盘子碗,你买了多少?
我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.
Check your comprehension. 昨天我买了一点盘子碗,
Yesterday I bought some dishes. 你买了多少?
How many did you buy? 我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.
I bought ten rice bowls and ten large plates. The conversation continues.
What color are those dishes? 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?
They're blue ones. 是蓝的.
Oh, I like blue ones too. 我也喜欢蓝的.
Here's the word for color. 颜色.
And here's the verb to like. 喜欢.
In English, we would probably give the color by saying simply, they're blue.
In Chinese, you usually say, they're blue ones. 是蓝的.
Notice that the question uses the same pattern. 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?
Now listen to the exchange live. 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?
Again. 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?
Check your comprehension. 那些盘子碗是什么颜色的?
What color are those dishes? 是蓝的.
They're blue ones. 我也喜欢蓝的.
Oh, I like blue ones too. The conversation continues. Where were they bought?
是在什么地方买的?
They were bought at the first company. 是在第一公司买的.
Here's the expression used for where in this exchange. 什么地方?
Literally, 什么地方? means what place. It tends to be used to ask about specific, named locations, while 哪里 or 哪儿 is more general.
Here's the word for company. 公司.
The first company is a department store in Taiwan. 第一个公司是在台湾.
Notice that the verb in the sentence 是在什么地方买的?
It's translated into English with the passive. Were bought.
In English, when the subject is not mentioned, the verb must be in the passive form. In Chinese, the verb remains unchanged.
Here's the exchange live. 是在什么地方买的?
是在第一公司买的. Again, 是在什么地方买的?
是在第一公司买的. Check your comprehension.
是在什么地方买的?
Where were they bought? 是在第一公司买的.
They were bought at the first company. Mrs. Weiss might continue politely by praising the store's goods. Listen.
The things they sell are really nice. 他们卖的东西真好.
The subject of this sentence is the phrase 他们卖的东西,the things they sell.
This phrase is made up of the noun 东西 thing plus a modifying clause. 他们卖的,which they sell.
which identifies which things Mrs. Weiss is talking about.
The modifying clause 他们卖的 consists of subject plus verb plus the Margaret d.
In English, a modifier made up of a verb and its subject or object is put after the noun. The things they sell.
In Chinese, it comes before the noun, as do other modifiers. 他们卖的东西.
Here's Mrs. Weiss's remark live. 他们卖的东西真好.
Again, 他们卖的东西真好.
Check your comprehension. 他们卖的东西真好.
The things they sell are really nice.
Compare this modifying clause with some simpler modifiers you had earlier.
Notice that I'll use the marker d, which is a general modifier marker.
My things 我的东西.
Household things 家里的东西.
Things they sell 他们卖的东西.
In traditional Chinese culture, it's considered polite to be modest about how much money you have.
In the following comments, Mrs. Weiss says that she could only afford the inexpensive dishes and at the same time, praises the quality of the expensive ones.
Let's listen to her remarks one part at a time. Here's the first part.
Some of the dishes they sell are really good looking. 他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看.
But they're a little more expensive. 可是贵一点.
Here's the word for but. 可是.
Here's the first part of Mrs. Weiss's comment, live. 他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看.
可是贵一点. Again. 他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看.
可是贵一点. Check your comprehension.
他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看.
Some of the dishes they sell are really good looking. 可是贵一点.
But they're a little more expensive. 可是贵一点.
Here's the rest of Mrs. Weiss's comment. 可是贵一点.
Those dishes I bought were all not too expensive. 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.
The expensive ones I didn't buy. 贵的我没买.
贵的我没买. 贵的我没买.
Notice that the specifier 那些 Those comes after the modifying clause.
Warmida. In English, words like those always come before other modifiers.
Here are her comments live. 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.
贵的我没买. Again, 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.
贵的我没买. Check your comprehension. 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.
Those dishes I bought were all not too expensive. 贵的我没买.
The expensive ones I didn't buy. 贵的我没买.
Now Mrs. Weiss notices a mug on Mrs. Who's desk. 现在Mrs. Weiss notices a mug on Mrs. Who's desk.
Listen, this teacup of yours is very nice. Where was it bought? 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?
It was bought at the first company, too. 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?
It was bought at the first company, too. 也是在第一公司买的.
Here's the word for teacup. 茶杯.
By itself, the word 茶 is tea, and 杯 means cup or glass.
The word 茶杯 is generally used to refer to a large cup with straight sides, like a mug or a glass.
The small Chinese teacups without handles are called 茶碗, tea bowls.
Notice that the phrase 你的这个茶杯 is literally your this teacup, with a possessive modifier before the specifier.
In English, we can put either your or this before the noun, but not both. We say, this teacup of yours.
Here's the exchange live. 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?
也是在第一公司买的. Again, 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?
也是在第一公司买的. Check your comprehension. 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?
This teacup of yours is very nice. Where was it bought?也是在第一公司买的.
It was bought at the first company too. A review dialogue for this unit will be found at the beginning of the C2 tape.
Now see if you can translate the following random sentences and exchanges from the target list.
Number one 你买了多少盘子碗?
How many dishes did you buy? 我买了十个饭碗,十个大盘子.
I bought ten rice bowls and ten large plates. Number two 你的这个茶杯很好,是在什么地方买的?
This teacup of yours is very nice. Where was it bought? 是在第一公司买的.
It was bought at the first company. Number three 我买的那些盘子碗都不太贵.
Those dishes I bought were all not too expensive. 贵的我没买。
The expensive ones I didn't buy. Number four 我们家里的东西有的到了,有的还没到。
Of our household things, some have arrived and some haven't arrived yet. Number five 你买什么了?
What did you buy? 我买盘子碗了。
I brought dishes. Number six 你的饭碗是什么呀?
I brought dishes. Number seven 你的饭碗是什么颜色的?
What color are your rice bowls? 是蓝的。
They're blue ones. 我也喜欢蓝的。
I like blue ones too. Number seven 他们卖的盘子碗有的真好看。
Some of the dishes they sell are really good looking. 盘子碗有的真好看。
可是贵一点。 可是贵一点。
But they're a little more expensive. 但他们比较贵一点。
If you think you're ready, go on to the P1 tape. This is the end of the tape. 如果你觉得你准备好了,去到P1 tape.
This is the end of the tape. This is the end of the tape. This is the end of the tape.
End of money four C1. 最后的钱是C1。