Standard Chinese, a modular approach, transportation module unit 8, production tape 1.
On the comprehension tape in this unit, you learn some sentences used in talking about travel.
If you think that you might have forgotten the meaning of some of these sentences, go back to the end of the C1 tape and review them.
If you think that you know the meaning of all the sentences on the target list, you should begin learning how to say them.
An American Foreign Service Officer in Peking is talking with a friend about his recent trips to Canton.
He has been there twice in the last few months. Listen.
好久沒見。您出門了吧。
是啊。我又到廣州去了。
Repeat one word for again.
又。又。
This word for again,又, is used to describe completed events.
Repeat, I went to Canton again.
我又到廣州去了。
Like other adverbs,又 comes before the verb phrase.Repeat, yes, I went to Canton again.
是啊。我又到廣州去了。
Try answering the question yourself now. You went to Canton again.
好久沒見。您出門了吧。
是啊。我又到廣州去了。
Repeat one word for again.
好久沒見。您出門了吧。
是啊。我又到廣州去了。
The Chinese friend has a question. Listen.
您為什麼剛回來又去了呢?
Repeat the question word why.
為什麼?
Repeat the word for just, which means immediately preceding in time.
剛。剛。
And repeat the verb to return, literally to come back.
回來。回來。
Repeat, why did you go again when you had just come back from there?
您為什麼剛回來又去了呢?
Repeat the sentence again.
Why did you go again when you had just come back from there?
您為什麼剛回來又去了呢?
Notice that in the Chinese sentence, you say the actions in the order that they happened.
First coming back, then going again.
Repeat again.
Why did you go again when you had just come back from there?
您為什麼剛回來又去了呢?
Notice also that although the English begins with the word why,
the Chinese word 為什麼 comes after the subject.
How do you say, why did you go again when you had just come back from there?
您為什麼剛回來又去了呢?
Listen to the answer.
我這次到廣州去,是因為我有一個很好的朋友從香港來.
Repeat the word because
因為
Repeat this time I went to Canton because
我這次到廣州去,是因為
Notice where you put the word 這次,this time.
As an adverb telling when it comes before the verb phrase.
Now repeat.
I had a good friend coming there from Hong Kong.
我有一個很好的朋友從香港來.
Now repeat the whole sentence.
This time I went to Canton because
I had a very good friend coming there from Hong Kong.
我這次到廣州去,是因為我有一個很好的朋友從香港來.
Repeat the whole sentence.
我這次到廣州去,是因為我有一個很好的朋友從香港來.
Again.
我這次到廣州去,是因為我有一個很好的朋友從香港來.
Now try saying it ahead of the speaker.
This time I went to Canton because
I had a very good friend coming there from Hong Kong.
我這次到廣州去,是因為我有一個很好的朋友從香港來.
The American continues his reply.
Listen.
我們有一年沒見了,他請我陪他一起去旅行.
This is the same syllable you saw in the compound verb of result.
看見.
Repeat.
We hadn't seen each other for a year.
我們有一年沒見了.
We haven't seen each other for a year.
我們有一年沒見了.
We haven't seen each other for a year.
我們有一年沒見了.
We haven't seen each other for a year.
Notice also that there is a marker L indicating a new situation in the sentence.
However, this is not a new situation as of now,
but a new situation as of that time.
In other words, this is a new situation in the past.
At that time, it had become one year that we hadn't seen each other.
How do you say we hadn't seen each other for a year?
我們有一年沒見了.
Now listen again to his last sentence.
他請我陪他一起去旅行.
Repeat the verb to ask or to request.
請.
This is the same word 請.
What you have used to mean please.
Now repeat the word for together.
一起.
Repeat.
She asked me to accompany her traveling.
她請我陪她一起去旅行.
Notice that the Chinese sentence includes the word 一起,
but the English sentence she asked me to accompany her traveling
does not include the word together.
Repeat the sentence again.
她請我陪她一起去旅行.
Repeat both sentences now.
We hadn't seen each other for a year.
She asked me to accompany her traveling.
我們有一年沒見了.
她請我陪她一起去旅行.
我們有一年沒見了.
她請我陪她一起去旅行.
Again.
我們有一年沒見了.
她請我陪她一起去旅行.
我們有一年沒見了.
她請我陪她一起去旅行.
三個月以前,我在廣州的時候,
她那個時候還不知道能不能來.
Repeat three months ago.
三個月以前.
You've already learned that the word 以前
can be used to mean before as in 回家以前,
before I go back home.
Now you see that it can also be used in phrases meaning a go.
In both cases, the time words come before the word 以前.
Now repeat when I was in Canton.
我在廣州的時候.
Repeat one of the words for can.
能.
Now you've learned three words which can be translated as can.
回,可以,能.
Use 能 when you want to express the idea of can
in the sense of be able to.
Use 可以 to mean be permitted to.
And use 回 to mean to know how to.
Repeat, at that time she didn't know yet
whether she could come or not.
她那個時候還不知道能不能來.
Notice that the negative marker 不 is used,
not may, even though the sentence is referring to a past event.
This is because the verb 指導 is a state verb.
State verbs describe the quality or condition of something.
All adjectival verbs you've seen are state verbs,
like 過 and 多.
In Chinese, knowing something is also considered a state,
and therefore the verb 指導 is a state verb.
All state verbs take only the negative marker 不,
never may.
Whereas action verbs like 念 do study and 吃 to eat
take 不 for the simple negative and 沒 for the negative completed action.
Repeat again, at that time she didn't know yet
whether or not she could come.
她那個時候還不知道能不能來.
Now repeat, three months ago when I was in Canton.
三個月以前我在廣州的時候.
她那個時候還不知道能不能來.
Now repeat the whole sentence.
Three months ago when I was in Canton,
she didn't know yet at that time whether she could come or not.
三個月以前我在廣州的時候.
她那個時候還不知道能不能來.
三個月以前我在廣州的時候.
她那個時候還不知道能不能來.
Repeat again.
三個月以前我在廣州的時候.
她那個時候還不知道能不能來.
三個月以前我在廣州的時候.
她那個時候還不知道能不能來.
三個月以前我在廣州的時候.
她那個時候還不知道能不能來.
Now let's try the Americans answer from the beginning.
This time I went to Canton because I had a very good friend coming there from Hong Kong.
This time I went to Canton because I had a very good friend coming from Hong Kong.
We hadn't seen each other for a year.
我們有一年沒見了.
She asked me to accompany her traveling.
她前往陪她一起去旅行.
Three months ago when I was in Canton, she didn't know yet at that time whether or not she could come.
三個月以前我在廣州的時候.
她那個時候還不知道能不能來.
You may want to rewind the tape and try it again.
The conversation goes on. Listen.
你們都去過什麼地方?
南京、上海、杭州、蘇州都去了.
杭州真是漂亮.
Repeat Hang Chow.
杭州
Repeat Su Chow.
蘇州
Repeat We went to Nanking, Shanghai, Hang Chow, and Su Chow.
南京、上海、杭州、蘇州都去了.
As you remember, the word 都 always comes before the verb.
And that means that any other words which go with 都 must also come before the verb.
Even when these words are objects of the verb, which you would normally expect to come after the verb.
Repeat again. We went to Nanking, Shanghai, Hang Chow, and Su Chow.
南京、上海、杭州、蘇州都去了.
Repeat Say it ahead of the speaker.
We went to Nanking, Shanghai, Hang Chow, and Su Chow.
南京、上海、杭州、苏州都去了。
Now repeat the adjectival verb to be pretty.
漂亮
Repeat, Hangzhou is really beautiful.
杭州真是漂亮。
Now you try answering the question.
Say that you went to Nanking, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou, and the Hangzhou is really beautiful.
你們都去过什么地方?
Nanking, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou, and the Hangzhou is really beautiful.
Again,你们都去过什么地方?
Nanking, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou, and the Hangzhou is really beautiful.
有机会我要再去一次。
这些地方你都去过了吧?
没都去过,我还没去过苏州。
Repeat the word for opportunity or chance.
机会
Repeat another word for again.
在
This word for again,在, is used in sentences expressing a non-completed future event.
You have this word before in the phrase 再见.
Repeat, if I have the chance, I'd like to go again.
有机会我要再去一次。
Notice that the Chinese sentence uses the word 一次, although the English does not say go one more time.
Repeat again, if I have the chance, I'd like to go again.
有机会我要再去一次。
Repeat again, if I have the chance, I'd like to go again.
有机会我要再去一次。
Now repeat, you've gone to all these places I suppose.
这些地方你都去过了吧?
Again you'll notice that when the word though refers to the object, the object in this case, these places, is put at the front of the sentence.
Repeat again, you've gone to all these places I suppose.
这些地方你都去过了吧?
Ask the question yourself, you'll get a reply.
You've gone to all these places I suppose.
这些地方你都去过了吧?
没都去过,我还没去过苏州。
Again.
这些地方你都去过了吧?
没都去过,我还没去过苏州。
Let's take a look at the answer. Repeat, not all.
没都去过,没都去过。
Up until now, you've usually seen the negative markers 不 and 没 come directly before the verb.
But here the negative marker 没 is placed before the adverb 都.
Moving the marker 没 or 不 to before the word 都 makes for a change in meaning.
For instance, repeat, they are all not coming.
他们都不来。
Here the negative marker is directly before the verb.
Now repeat, not all of them are coming.
他们不都来。
Now repeat, we haven't been to any of these places.
这些地方我们都没去过。
And repeat, we haven't been to all of these places.
这些地方我们没都去过。
Repeat, I still haven't been to Suzhou.
我还没去过苏州。
Try answering the question yourself now.
Say, not all, I still haven't been to Suzhou.
这些地方你都去过了吧?
没都去过,我还没去过苏州。
Again,这些地方你都去过了吧?
没都去过,我还没去过苏州。
Now let's review what we've covered on this tape.
Put the following sentences into Chinese.
I went to Canton again.
我又到广州去了。
Why did you go again when you had just come back?
你为什么刚回来又去了呢?
This time I went to Canton because I had a very good friend coming there from Hong Kong.
我这次到广州去是因为我有一个很好的朋友从香港来。
We hadn't seen each other for a year.
我们有一年没见了。
She asked me to accompany her traveling.
她请我陪她一起去旅行。
Three months ago when I was in Canton,
she didn't know yet at that time whether she could come or not.
三个月以前我在广州的时候,
她那个时候还不知道能不能来。
What places did you go to?
你们都去过什么地方?
We went to Nanking, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Sutao.
南京,上海,杭州,苏州都去了。
Hangzhou is really beautiful.
杭州真是漂亮。
If I have the chance, I'd like to go again.
有机会我要再去一次。
You've been to all these places, I suppose.
这些地方你都去过了吧?
I still haven't been to Sutao.
没都去过,我还没去过苏州。
This is the end of the tape.
end of transportation unit 8 production tape 1.