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Standard Chinese, a modular approach.

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Biographic Information Module Unit 6, comprehension, Tape 1.

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This unit is set in the ROC.

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In the last two units, we took up questions of when.

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On this tape, you'll learn to understand questions and answers about how long.

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Let's listen in as Mrs. Ooyang asks Mr. King, the Foreign Service Officer, about his plans.

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How long will you stay?

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你住多久?

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I'm staying one year.

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我住一年.

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Here's the verb to stay or to live.

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住.

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You've had the verb 住 followed by 再 as a place word.

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In these sentences, it's followed by a duration phrase.

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Here's how you say how long.

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多久?

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You'll recognize the word 多, meaning how, as in 多大, how old?

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The word 久 means long in the sense of duration.

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Word for word, then, the question 你住多久 is, you stay how long?

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Listen to the answer again.

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I'm staying one year.

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我住一年.

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我住一年.

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Here's how you say one year.

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一年,一年,一年.

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When telling how many years, no counter is used.

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Notice that the tone on one becomes flowing before the rising tone of 年.

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一年.

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Here's the exchange again.

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How long are you staying?

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你住多久?

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I'm staying one year.

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我住一年.

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我住一年.

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Notice that 多久, how long, and the duration expressions that answer it, like 一年, one year, come after the verb.

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You'll remember that when 什么时候, and the time expressions which answer it, come before the verb.

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Listen to the exchange again.

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You're alive. 你住多久?我住一年.

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Again, 你住多久?我住一年.

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Check your comprehension. 你住多久?

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How long are you staying?我住一年.

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I'm staying for one year.

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On their way to Taiwan, the king stopped in Hong Kong.

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The king had to leave for Taiwan the next day, but Mrs. King stayed a little longer.

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Here's a question Mr. King might have been asked while he was still in Hong Kong.

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How long was your wife staying?你太太住多久?

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She's staying two days. 她住两天.

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Listen to the speaker count from one day to five days.

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一天,两天,三天,四天,五天.

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Notice that the tone on the number one also becomes sprawling before the high tone of the word 天.

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一天.

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In telling how many days, just as in telling how many years, no counter is used.

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You'll remember that in a phrase telling how many, the number two has the special form 两.

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Now listen to the exchange again. Live. 你太太住多久?

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她住两天.

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Again. 你太太住多久?

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她住两天.

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Suppose Mr. King was not definite about his wife's plans. Listen.

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How long is your wife staying in Hong Kong? 你太太在香港住多久?

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I think she's staying two days. 我想她住两天.

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Here's the verb to think or to believe. 想,想,想.

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Notice that when a place and a duration are mentioned in the same sentence, the place goes before the verb and the duration goes after the verb.

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Here's the exchange life. 你太太在香港住多久?

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我想她住两天.Again. 你太太在香港住多久?

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我想她住两天.Check your comprehension. 你太太在香港住多久?

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How long is your wife staying in Hong Kong? 我想她住两天.

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I think she's staying two days.

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The verb 想 can also be used for a different meaning. Listen to this exchange.

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How long are you thinking of staying? 你想住多久?

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I'm thinking of staying one year. 我想住一年.

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When the verb 想 is followed by a whole sentence, as in 我想她住两天, it means to think that such and such is the case.

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I think that she's staying two days. When it's followed by just a predicate, it acts as an auxiliary verb meaning to be thinking of doing something or to plan or intend to do something.

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我想住一年.I'm thinking of staying one year. Here's the exchange life. 你想住多久?

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我想住一年.Again. 你想住多久?

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我想住一年.Check your comprehension. 你想住多久?

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How long are you thinking of staying? 我想住一年.

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I'm thinking of staying one year. So far, we haven't had a duration expressed in months.

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When telling how many months, you do use a counter, the general counter, 个.

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One year is 一年,but one month is 一个月.

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Listen to the speaker count up to five months. 一个月,两个月,三个月,四个月,五个月.

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Listen to the duration in months in the following exchange. 听到的 duration in months in the following exchange.

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How long are you thinking of staying in Taiwan?

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你想在台湾住多久? 你想在台湾住多久?

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I'm thinking of staying six months. 我想住六个月.

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Here's the exchange life. 你想在台湾住多久?

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我想住六个月.Again. 你想在台湾住多久?

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我想住六个月.

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An auxiliary verb, like 想, comes not just before the main verb of a sentence, but also before any prepositional verb.

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Listen to the following sentence within without the auxiliary verb 想.

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I work in Taipei. 我在台北工作.

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I'm thinking of working in Taipei. 我想在台北工作.

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I work in Taipei. 我想在台北工作.

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The auxiliary verb qualifies the meaning of the entire verb phrase, not just the main verb. 幼西云語的意思是整个 verb phrase, not just the main verb.

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What you're thinking of doing is working in Taipei, not simply working. 想做的是在台北工作, not simply working. 想做的是在台北工作, not simply working.

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A duration can also be expressed in weeks. 一个阶段可以 also be expressed in weeks. 一个阶段可以 also be expressed in weeks.

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Here's the word for week. 听齐,听齐,听齐。

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You'll probably remember it from the names of the days of the week. 您会 probably remember it from the names of the days of the week.

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For instance,星期四,Thursday. 星期四,Thursday.

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Here's a duration expressed in weeks. Listen. 你朋友想住多久?

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他想住两个星期. 你会发现星期两天,但两个星期两天。

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Here's the exchange again. 你朋友想住多久?

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他想住两个星期. 看证证的,你朋友想住多久?

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他想住两个星期。 他想住两个星期。

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他想住两个星期。 他想住两个星期。

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To review these expressions of duration, try translating the following sentences. You'll hear each one twice. 我想住两年。

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I'm thinking of staying two years. 我在台中住九个月。

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I'm staying in Taiwan for nine months. 我想在台北住两个月。

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I'm thinking of staying in Taiwan for two months. 我在台南住一个星期。

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I'm staying in Taiwan for a week. 我住三年。

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I'm staying three years. 我想在香港住十天。

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I'm thinking of staying in Hong Kong ten days. 你想住多久?

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How long are you thinking of staying? 你想住多久?

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Questions about how many days, weeks, months, or years use the question word 几, how many, which takes the place of the number in the duration phrase.

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Try translating the following duration questions. You'll hear each one twice. 你想住几年?

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How many years are you thinking of staying? 你想住几天?

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How many days are you thinking of staying? 你想住几个月?

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How many months are you thinking of staying? 你想住几个星期?

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How many weeks are you thinking of staying? 你想住几个星期?

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How long have you been here? 你来了多久了?

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I've been here three days. 我来了三天了。

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Notice that these sentences have two low markers. The low marker after the verb marks completed action. The low marker after the duration phrase marks a new situation.

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In the plain sentence, pa la la, these come. The two low markers are combined into one.

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But when there's a duration expression after the verb, each of the two meanings is expressed by a separate marker. Listen to the exchange again.

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How long have you been here? 你来了多久了?

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I've been here three days. 我来了三天了。

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When you're talking about the present, the new situation marker le can be translated as of now.

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In duration sentences however, a better equivalent is the expression so far, as in, I've been here three days so far.

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The so far translation suggests that whatever has been going on for the amount of time you mention will keep going on.

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Here's the exchange again. Live. 你来了多久了?

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我来了三天了。

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Again. 你来了多久了?

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我来了三天了。

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Check your comprehension. 你来了多久了?

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How long have you been here? 我来了三天了。

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I've been here three days. 我来了三天了。

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You may have noticed that in English we talk about the situation. 我来了三天了。

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I've been here for three days. 我来了三天了。

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While in Chinese, you talk about the action that brought the situation about. 我来了三天了。

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The function of a new situation le marker can best be understood if we consider a situation in which it would not be used.

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Listen to this continuation of the conversation, which is taking place after Mr. and Mrs. King have both arrived in Taiwan.

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How long did your wife stay in Hong Kong? 你太太在香港住了多久?

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She stayed two days. 她住了两天。

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Since Mrs. King is no longer in Hong Kong, Mr. King can't say that she has been there two days now.

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He has to say she was there for two days, so the new situation marker le is not used.

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Listen to the exchange live. 你太太在香港住了多久?

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Again. 你太太在香港住了多久?

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Check your comprehension. 你太太在香港住了多久?

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How long did your wife stay in Hong Kong? 你太太在香港住了多久?

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How long did your wife stay in Hong Kong? 她住了两天。

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She stayed two days. 她住了两天。

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Let's compare sentences with and without the new situation marker le. 让我们 compare sentences with and without the new situation marker le.

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How long did she stay there? 她住了多久?

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How long has she been here? 她住了多久了?

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The first sentence with one more marker after the verb only asks about how long the activity took place.

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How long did she say? The second sentence with two more markers asks about how long the activity has been taking place as of now.

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Let's go back to an earlier sentence.

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You'll remember that we said that in the sentence 她住了两天。

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She's come. 她住了两天。

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The le marker had two meanings. 她住了两天。

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Completed action and new situation. 她住了两天。

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Now listen to the same sentence set under different circumstances.

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Mr. King is being asked whether someone came to a party he gave the previous week.

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Did he come? 她住了两天。

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Yes, he came. 她住了两天。

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She's come. 她住了两天。

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In this context, since the man could not be still at a party that took place a week before,

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the syllable le after the verb lie is taken to be the completed action le alone,

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and is translated with the English past tense.

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Here's the exchange lie. 她住了两天。

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She's come. 她住了两天。

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Again. 她住了两天。

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She's come. 她住了两天。

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Check your comprehension. 她住了两天。

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She's come. 她住了两天。

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Did he come? 她住了两天。

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She's come. 她住了两天。

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Yes, he came. 她住了两天。

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Now listen to how Mr. King would have answered if the person hadn't come to his party.

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Did he come? 她住了两天。

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She's come. 她住了两天。

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No, he didn't. 她住了两天。

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May lie. 她 may lie. 她 may lie.

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Notice that since there is no new situation le in the affirmative sentence,

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there is no high yet in the negative sentence.

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Compare a sentence which negates just completed action le to a sentence which negates combined le.

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He didn't come. 她 may lie. 她 may lie.

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He hasn't come, or he hasn't come yet. 她还没来。

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Here's the exchange lie. 她来了吗?

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没来,她没来。

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Again, 她来了吗? 没来,她没来。

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Check your comprehension. 她来了吗?

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Did he come? 没来,她没来。

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No, he didn't. No, he didn't.

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To review what you've had so far, listen to the following dialogue,

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which takes place shortly after Mr. Perez,

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a Foreign Service Officer, has arrived at the American Embassy

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Chinese Language School in Taichung for Language Training.

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白先生,你来了几天了?

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我来了四天了。

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你在香港住了多久?

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我住了一个月。

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我想住两年。

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白先生,你来了几天了?

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我来了四天了。

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你在香港住了多久?

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我住了一个月。

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你想在这里住多久?

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我想住两年。

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If you understood the conversation,

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白先生,你来了几天了?

211
00:19:01,000 --> 00:19:06,000
白先生,你来了几天了?

212
00:19:06,000 --> 00:19:09,000
Mr. Perez, how many days have you been here?

213
00:19:09,000 --> 00:19:13,000
我来了四天了。

214
00:19:13,000 --> 00:19:16,000
I've been here four days.

215
00:19:16,000 --> 00:19:21,000
你在香港住了多久?

216
00:19:21,000 --> 00:19:23,000
How long did you stay in Hong Kong?

217
00:19:23,000 --> 00:19:27,000
我住了一个月。

218
00:19:27,000 --> 00:19:29,000
I stayed one month.

219
00:19:29,000 --> 00:19:35,000
你想在这里住多久?

220
00:19:35,000 --> 00:19:37,000
How long are you thinking of staying here?

221
00:19:37,000 --> 00:19:42,000
我想住两年。

222
00:19:42,000 --> 00:19:46,000
I'm thinking of staying two years.

223
00:19:46,000 --> 00:19:52,000
Now listen to Mr. Perez if he has been in Taiwan before.

224
00:19:52,000 --> 00:19:54,000
Have you ever been here before?

225
00:19:54,000 --> 00:19:57,000
你从前来过吗?

226
00:19:57,000 --> 00:19:59,000
I've never been here before.

227
00:19:59,000 --> 00:20:02,000
我从前没来过。

228
00:20:02,000 --> 00:20:05,000
I've never been here before.

229
00:20:05,000 --> 00:20:08,000
我从前没来过。

230
00:20:08,000 --> 00:20:11,000
Here's the word for formally or before.

231
00:20:11,000 --> 00:20:17,000
从前,从前,从前。

232
00:20:17,000 --> 00:20:20,000
We've translated the marker 过 of 来过

233
00:20:20,000 --> 00:20:24,000
with the word ever in the affirmative and never in the negative.

234
00:20:24,000 --> 00:20:29,000
This marker is used to talk about whether someone has ever experienced a certain kind of event.

235
00:20:29,000 --> 00:20:35,000
The completed action marker 乐 on the other hand is used to talk about a particular single event.

236
00:20:35,000 --> 00:20:37,000
Listen to the exchange again.

237
00:20:37,000 --> 00:20:39,000
Have you ever been here before?

238
00:20:39,000 --> 00:20:44,000
你从前来过吗?

239
00:20:44,000 --> 00:20:46,000
I've never been here before.

240
00:20:46,000 --> 00:20:51,000
我从前没来过。

241
00:20:51,000 --> 00:20:57,000
Notice that the marker 过 like the completed action marker 乐 is negated with 没 rather than 不.

242
00:20:57,000 --> 00:21:02,000
But while the marker 乐 drops out in a negative sentence, the marker 过 stays.

243
00:21:02,000 --> 00:21:05,000
Here's the exchange live.

244
00:21:05,000 --> 00:21:07,000
你从前来过吗?

245
00:21:07,000 --> 00:21:09,000
我从前没来过。

246
00:21:09,000 --> 00:21:12,000
Again,你从前来过吗?

247
00:21:12,000 --> 00:21:14,000
我从前没来过。

248
00:21:14,000 --> 00:21:16,000
Check your comprehension.

249
00:21:16,000 --> 00:21:20,000
你从前来过吗?

250
00:21:20,000 --> 00:21:22,000
Have you ever been here before?

251
00:21:22,000 --> 00:21:27,000
我从前没来过。

252
00:21:27,000 --> 00:21:30,000
I've never been here before.

253
00:21:30,000 --> 00:21:35,000
Now listen to a slightly expanded version of this exchange live.

254
00:21:35,000 --> 00:21:37,000
你从前来过吗?

255
00:21:37,000 --> 00:21:38,000
我从前没来过。

256
00:21:38,000 --> 00:21:40,000
我太太来过。

257
00:21:40,000 --> 00:21:43,000
Again,你从前来过吗?

258
00:21:43,000 --> 00:21:45,000
我从前没来过。

259
00:21:45,000 --> 00:21:47,000
我太太来过。

260
00:21:47,000 --> 00:21:49,000
Check your comprehension.

261
00:21:49,000 --> 00:21:53,000
你从前来过吗?

262
00:21:53,000 --> 00:21:55,000
Have you ever been here before?

263
00:21:55,000 --> 00:22:00,000
我从前没来过。

264
00:22:00,000 --> 00:22:02,000
I've never been here before.

265
00:22:02,000 --> 00:22:06,000
我太太来过。

266
00:22:06,000 --> 00:22:10,000
My wife's been here.

267
00:22:10,000 --> 00:22:12,000
Here's a live conversation for review.

268
00:22:12,000 --> 00:22:15,000
Mr. Huang has just arrived in Washington.

269
00:22:15,000 --> 00:22:19,000
On his way from Taiwan, he stopped off in California to do some sightseeing.

270
00:22:19,000 --> 00:22:21,000
Listen.

271
00:22:21,000 --> 00:22:25,000
Mr. Huang,你在加州住了多久?

272
00:22:25,000 --> 00:22:28,000
我住了一个星期,加州很好。

273
00:22:28,000 --> 00:22:31,000
请问你在美国住多久?

274
00:22:31,000 --> 00:22:33,000
我住三年。

275
00:22:33,000 --> 00:22:35,000
你从前来过吗?

276
00:22:35,000 --> 00:22:37,000
我从前没来过。

277
00:22:37,000 --> 00:22:42,000
Again, Mr. Huang,你在加州住了多久?

278
00:22:42,000 --> 00:22:46,000
Mr. Huang, how long did you stay in California?

279
00:22:46,000 --> 00:22:50,000
我住了一个星期。

280
00:22:50,000 --> 00:22:52,000
I stay in California for a week.

281
00:22:52,000 --> 00:22:55,000
Mr. Huang,你在加州住了多久?

282
00:22:55,000 --> 00:22:57,000
I stay in California for a week.

283
00:22:57,000 --> 00:23:01,000
Mr. Huang,你在加州住了多久?

284
00:23:01,000 --> 00:23:04,000
Mr. Huang,你在加州住了多久?

285
00:23:04,000 --> 00:23:07,000
Mr. Huang,你在加州住了多久?

286
00:23:07,000 --> 00:23:10,000
我住了一个星期。

287
00:23:10,000 --> 00:23:14,000
I stayed one week.

288
00:23:14,000 --> 00:23:18,000
加州很好。

289
00:23:18,000 --> 00:23:21,000
California is very nice.

290
00:23:21,000 --> 00:23:28,000
请问你在美国住多久?

291
00:23:28,000 --> 00:23:31,000
May I ask, how long are you staying in America?

292
00:23:31,000 --> 00:23:36,000
我住三年。

293
00:23:36,000 --> 00:23:38,000
I'm staying three years.

294
00:23:38,000 --> 00:23:42,000
你从前来过吗?

295
00:23:42,000 --> 00:23:45,000
Have you ever been here before?

296
00:23:45,000 --> 00:23:50,000
我从前没来过。

297
00:23:50,000 --> 00:23:54,000
I've never been here before.

298
00:23:54,000 --> 00:23:59,000
As a final review, try translating the following sentences and exchanges from the target list.

299
00:23:59,000 --> 00:24:02,000
Number one.

300
00:24:02,000 --> 00:24:06,000
你来了多久了?

301
00:24:06,000 --> 00:24:09,000
How long have you been here?

302
00:24:09,000 --> 00:24:11,000
Number two.

303
00:24:11,000 --> 00:24:17,000
你太太在香港住多久?

304
00:24:17,000 --> 00:24:20,000
How long is your wife staying in Hong Kong?

305
00:24:20,000 --> 00:24:25,000
我想她住两天。

306
00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:28,000
I think she's staying two days.

307
00:24:28,000 --> 00:24:30,000
Number three.

308
00:24:30,000 --> 00:24:34,000
李太太没来。

309
00:24:34,000 --> 00:24:36,000
This is leaving come.

310
00:24:36,000 --> 00:24:38,000
Number four.

311
00:24:38,000 --> 00:24:43,000
你从前来过吗?

312
00:24:43,000 --> 00:24:46,000
Have you ever been here before?

313
00:24:46,000 --> 00:24:51,000
我从前没来过。

314
00:24:51,000 --> 00:24:54,000
I've never been here before.

315
00:24:54,000 --> 00:24:58,000
我太太来过。

316
00:24:58,000 --> 00:25:01,000
My wife's been here.

317
00:25:01,000 --> 00:25:07,000
Number five.我住一年。

318
00:25:07,000 --> 00:25:09,000
I'm staying one year.

319
00:25:09,000 --> 00:25:17,000
Number six.你想在台湾住多久?

320
00:25:17,000 --> 00:25:21,000
How long are you thinking of staying in Taiwan?

321
00:25:21,000 --> 00:25:26,000
我想住六个月。

322
00:25:26,000 --> 00:25:29,000
I'm thinking of staying six months.

323
00:25:29,000 --> 00:25:32,000
Number seven.

324
00:25:32,000 --> 00:25:37,000
我来了两个星期了。

325
00:25:37,000 --> 00:25:40,000
I've been here three weeks.

326
00:25:40,000 --> 00:25:47,000
Number eight.你太太在香港住了多久?

327
00:25:47,000 --> 00:25:50,000
How long did your wife stay in Hong Kong?

328
00:25:50,000 --> 00:25:54,000
她住了两天。

329
00:25:54,000 --> 00:26:03,000
Number nine.我住一年。

330
00:26:03,000 --> 00:26:06,000
I'm staying one year.

331
00:26:06,000 --> 00:26:10,000
You may want to rewind and listen to this last part of the tape again.

332
00:26:10,000 --> 00:26:16,000
If you think you're ready, go on to the P1 tape.

333
00:26:16,000 --> 00:26:18,000
This is the end of the tape.

334
00:26:18,000 --> 00:26:24,000
And the biographic information module unit six comprehension tape one.