WEBVTT

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Standard Chinese A Modular Approach

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Orientation Module Unit 1

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Production Tape 1

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This tape covers the same material as the first comprehension tape in the module

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Questions and answers involving personal names and titles

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Instead of just listening, now you are to participate actively

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You may have hardly begun your work on the sound system of Chinese

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and so this tape provides some pointers on the harder consonants and vowels that come up

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But you should at least have gone through the first pronunciation and romanization tape

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the one on the four tones

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You'll need to pay particular attention to identifying and remembering the tone patterns of words

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As a speaker of English, you're not in the habit of associating contours of pitch with individual words

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As a student of Chinese, you must develop that habit

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Remember, there's now such thing as the right word but in the wrong tone

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Here's the first exchange you had on the comprehension tape, live

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你是誰?

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我是王大年

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Again

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你是谁?

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我是王大年

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Here it is with the word for word translation

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你是谁?

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You are who?

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我是王大年

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I am Wang Danian

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So far, you've only been listening

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Now you're going to begin to take the part of Daniel King and answer the question

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Let's build up to it word by word

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First try repeating Mr. King's Chinese name

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王大年 after the speaker

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王大年

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王大年

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王大年

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Getting a sequence of three tones at once can be difficult

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Try repeating the rising tone surname alone

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王

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王

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王

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Now try repeating the falling rising giving name

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大年

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大年

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大年

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And now try repeating the full name, rising falling rising

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王大年

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王大年

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王大年

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Now try saying the full name by yourself

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And then repeat after the speaker

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王大年

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Did you get the tone pattern right?

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Or did you have to correct yourself on the repetition?

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Try saying the full name again and repeat

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王大年

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Now try repeating the word for I

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我

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我

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我

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Be sure to give it the low tone

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Repeat I again

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我

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我

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我

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Try saying I by yourself and repeat

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我

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Set by itself, the word for Am

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是

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Is in the falling tone, try repeating Am

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是

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是

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是

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The vowel in 是

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Is just a prolonged R sound

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是

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Try repeating Am again

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是

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To make this R sound, you had to curl the tip of your tongue back

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The SH part of 是

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is also pronounced with the tip of the tongue curled back

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in what we call the retroflex position

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Try repeating 是 again

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making sure to keep the tip of your tongue curled back throughout

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是

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是

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是

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Try saying Am by yourself and repeat

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是

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We are translating 是 as Am here

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because we are working on the sentence

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I am 王大年

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But you'll remember that it can also be translated R and Is

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In other words, 是 is the verb to be

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The word Am often gets partly swallowed up in English

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so that I Am is contracted to I

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In just the same way, the word 是

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is often weakened in the Chinese sentence

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to the point where nothing is left

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but a toneless SH sound

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Listen

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我是王大年

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我是王大年

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But when it is emphasized as in Yes I Am

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是

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keeps us long R sound and the falling tone

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Listen

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我是王大年

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我是王大年

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Try repeating the second speaker's answer in the exchange

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你是谁

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我是王大年

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Again

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你是谁

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我是王大年

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This time try giving the answer ahead of the second speaker

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and then repeat

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你是谁

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我是王大年

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Again

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你是谁

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我是王大年

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Here's another live exchange

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Listen

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你是谁

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我是胡美玲

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Again

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你是谁

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我是胡美玲

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Try repeating Miss 胡美玲's surname

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Her's is the most common of the four surnames spelled H-U

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The one in the rising tone

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胡

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Now try repeating her given name 美玲

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The tones are low rising

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美玲

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And now try repeating her full name

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胡美玲

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胡美玲

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胡美玲

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Try saying the full name yourself and then repeat

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胡美玲

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Now let's see if you can answer a rather unlikely question from Miss 胡

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Ahead of Mr. King

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Repeat his answer after him

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我是谁

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你是胡美玲

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Did you say you are胡美玲

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Try it again

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我是谁

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你是胡美玲

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Here's the next exchange you had on the comprehension tape

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Listen

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你姓什么

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我姓王

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Again

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你姓什么

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我姓王

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The verb we translate as to be surnamed for the lack of a need equivalent in English is

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姓

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Here's the exchange with a word for word translation

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你姓什么

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You are surnamed what

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我姓王

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I am surnamed 王

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Try repeating to be surnamed

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我姓

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Notice that it starts with a sound that is neither quite like English S nor quite like English SH

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Listen

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我姓

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It might help to think of 姓 as halfway between the first syllables of the English word single and shingle

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If it sounds more like shingle to you, notice these two differences

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姓 is pronounced with the tongue farther forward and with the lips spread

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First, try repeating 姓

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Concentrate on keeping your tongue forward in a tight E position

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姓

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Now, without losing the tongue position, concentrate on spreading your lips rather than protruding them

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姓

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Let's compare the consonants of 是 and 姓

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Try repeating

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是

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姓

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是

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姓

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是

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姓

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Try saying to be surnamed and repeat

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姓

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Now try repeating the answer in the exchange

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你姓什么

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我姓王

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Again

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你姓什么

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我姓王

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This time give the answer ahead of the second speaker and then repeat it after him

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你姓什么

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我姓王

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Again

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你姓什么

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我姓王

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Now listen carefully to Miss Hu and try to answer her question ahead of Mr. King

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我是胡美玲

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我姓什么

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你姓胡

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Try it again

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我是胡美玲

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我姓什么

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你姓胡

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Let's see if you can give the appropriate answers to the two questions

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Who are you and what's your name

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Taking the part of 王大年

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Answer before the second speaker and then repeat after him

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你是谁

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我是王大年

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你姓什么

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我姓王

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你姓什么

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我姓王

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你是谁

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我是王大年

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Now try it when some of Miss Hu Mei Ling's questions are about herself

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我是谁

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你是胡美玲

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你是谁

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我是王大年

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你姓什么

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我姓王

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我姓什么

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你姓胡

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你是谁

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我是王大年

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我是谁

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你是胡美玲

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你姓什么

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我姓王

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我姓什么

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你姓胡

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So far Miss Hu and Mr. King have been discussing themselves

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using 你 and 我

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Now listen to them discuss the third person, Mr. Ma Ming Li, live

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他是谁

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Again,他是谁

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他是马明李

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Try repeating Mr. Ma Ming Li's surname

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Be sure to copy the low tone

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马

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马

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马

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Try repeating his given name, Ming Li

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Notice that the tones are rising low

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明李

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明李

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马明李

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Try repeating the full name

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马明李

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马明李

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马明李

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Now try saying the full name yourself and then repeat

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马明李

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Try repeating the word for he, 他

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Try repeating the extra explosiveness of the T

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他

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他

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他

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You'll remember that 他 can also mean 她

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Try he or she again

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Making sure to give it the high tone

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他

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他

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他

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Here's the exchange again, repeat Mr. King's reply

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他是谁

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他是马明李

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Again,他是谁

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他是马明李

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Try answering ahead of Mr. King and repeat after him

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他是谁

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他是马明李

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Again,他是谁

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他是马明李

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Now let's see if you can take Mr. King's part and answer Ms. Hu's questions

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She'll ask about Mr. Ma, about you and about herself

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你是谁

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我是王大年

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他是谁

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他是马明李

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你姓什么

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我姓王

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他姓什么

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他姓马

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你是谁

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我是王大年

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我是谁

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你是胡美玲

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他姓什么

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他姓马

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你姓什么

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我姓王

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他是谁

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他是马明李

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我姓什么

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你姓胡

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你是谁

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我是王大年

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你姓什么

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我姓王

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It's true that a beginner is much less likely to take the initiative in a conversation

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which is just the reason we have only had you answering questions so far

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but it's highly to be able to ask them too

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Let's put in a few minutes on asking questions

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Try repeating the word for who

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谁

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谁

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You may be hearing 谁 as beginning with an English SH sound

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but there is a slight difference

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The tongue is curled back in the retroflex position for the consonant of 谁

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It's the same sound you had in 是

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Try repeating the word for who with this R-flavored SH

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谁

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谁

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Have you been paying attention to the tone?

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Repeat who again

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谁

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Now try saying the word for who by yourself and repeat

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谁

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Try repeating the whole question

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Who are you

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你是谁

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Now try asking who are you ahead of the speaker and repeat

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你是谁

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Again, who are you

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你是谁

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Now repeat the word for what

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什么

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The initial consonant in 什么 is the same as the initial consonant in 谁

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The tip of the tongue is curled back in the retroflex position

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Try it again

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什么

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In normal speech, the tone pattern of 什么

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Sounds rather like a rising tone over both syllables

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Try imitating it

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什么

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Try repeating the question

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What's your surname

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你姓什么

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Again,你姓什么

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Now try asking the question ahead of the speaker and repeat after him

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Ask, what's your surname

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你姓什么

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Again, what's your surname

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你姓什么

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At this point, you should be able to ask

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Who is he

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Try it and repeat after the speaker

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Who is he

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他是谁

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Try asking, what's her surname

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他姓什么

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Let's turn to the titles Mr, Mrs, Miss, and Comrade

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Listen to this live exchange

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他是谁

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他是马先生

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Listen carefully to the tone pattern of 先生

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The word for Mr

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先生

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The first syllable is in the high tone

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The second is in what we call the neutral tone

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Notice that it is weak and short

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And that its pitch is rather low

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Listen to Mr. again

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先生

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先生

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Try repeating Mr, high tone, neutral tone

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先生

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The first syllable begins with the same consonant as 姓

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which you make with the lip spread as if in a smile

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and with the tongue in a tight E position

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It may help to stretch out the first syllable

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姓 and then speed it up

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姓 先 先 Try it

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Now repeat after the speaker

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先 先 先

20:14.300 --> 20:16.300
The second syllable of 先生

20:16.300 --> 20:20.300
begins with the same consonant as 是 and谁

20:20.300 --> 20:22.300
which you make with the tongue curled back

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Try repeating Mr,先生

20:32.300 --> 20:34.300
Your tongue has to shift gears so to speak

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between the two syllables

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It's forward for the first syllable 先

20:39.300 --> 20:41.300
and retracted for the second 生

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You won't find this easy

20:43.300 --> 20:45.300
It takes practice

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Try repeating Mr once more

20:48.300 --> 20:56.300
先生

20:56.300 --> 21:02.300
Now try saying Mr. 马 by yourself and repeat

21:02.300 --> 21:05.300
马先生

21:05.300 --> 21:09.300
先生 can also mean sir, husband and teacher

21:09.300 --> 21:15.300
Try saying he is Mr. 马

21:15.300 --> 21:19.300
他是马先生

21:19.300 --> 21:21.300
Here's another live exchange

21:21.300 --> 21:25.300
Listen 他是谁

21:25.300 --> 21:30.300
Again 他是谁

21:30.300 --> 21:33.300
Try repeating the word for Mrs. 太太

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which also means wife 太太

21:42.300 --> 21:44.300
The tones are falling neutral

21:44.300 --> 21:47.300
The weak short neutral tone has a low pitch

21:47.300 --> 21:49.300
Try repeating Mrs

21:49.300 --> 21:56.300
太太

21:56.300 --> 22:01.300
Try saying Mrs. 马

22:01.300 --> 22:04.300
马太太

22:04.300 --> 22:10.300
Try saying she is Mrs. 马

22:10.300 --> 22:13.300
他是马太太

22:13.300 --> 22:15.300
Here's another live exchange

22:15.300 --> 22:18.300
Listen 她是谁

22:18.300 --> 22:20.300
她是马小姐

22:20.300 --> 22:22.300
Again 她是谁

22:22.300 --> 22:25.300
她是马小姐

22:25.300 --> 22:27.300
Try repeating 小姐

22:27.300 --> 22:36.300
The word for Mrs. 小姐

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In this word, both syllables begin with the tongue in the forward position

22:40.300 --> 22:42.300
the so-called palatal position

22:42.300 --> 22:45.300
Let me give you both syllables in a stretched out form first

22:45.300 --> 22:47.300
and then speed it up

22:47.300 --> 22:49.300
The first syllable is

22:49.300 --> 22:54.300
小 小

22:54.300 --> 22:56.300
The second is

22:56.300 --> 22:59.300
姐 姐

22:59.300 --> 23:01.300
The tones are rising neutral

23:01.300 --> 23:05.300
with the weak short neutral tone in a medium pitch

23:05.300 --> 23:11.300
Now try repeating Mrs. 小姐

23:11.300 --> 23:14.300
小姐

23:14.300 --> 23:18.300
Try saying Mrs. 马

23:18.300 --> 23:21.300
马小姐

23:21.300 --> 23:26.300
Try saying she is Mrs. 马

23:26.300 --> 23:29.300
她是马小姐

23:29.300 --> 23:34.300
Once more, she is Mrs. 马

23:34.300 --> 23:37.300
她是马小姐

23:37.300 --> 23:39.300
Here's a live exchange

23:39.300 --> 23:40.300
you might hear on the mainland

23:40.300 --> 23:42.300
Listen for 同志

23:42.300 --> 23:43.300
Comrade

23:43.300 --> 23:45.300
她是谁

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她是马同志

23:47.300 --> 23:50.300
Try repeating the word for comrade

23:50.300 --> 23:55.300
同志

23:55.300 --> 23:58.300
The first syllable is relatively easy

23:58.300 --> 24:02.300
but try to give an extra explosiveness to the T as you repeat it

24:02.300 --> 24:09.300
同

24:09.300 --> 24:11.300
The second syllable 志

24:11.300 --> 24:13.300
rhymes with 是

24:13.300 --> 24:15.300
The tongue is curled back for the J sound

24:15.300 --> 24:18.300
and stays curled back through the long R sound

24:18.300 --> 24:26.300
Try repeating 志

24:26.300 --> 24:28.300
Now try repeating comrade

24:28.300 --> 24:30.300
The tone pattern is rising falling

24:30.300 --> 24:37.300
同志

24:37.300 --> 24:41.300
Try saying comrade 马

24:41.300 --> 24:45.300
马同志

24:45.300 --> 24:50.300
Try saying he is comrade 马

24:50.300 --> 24:54.300
她是马同志

24:54.300 --> 24:58.300
Try saying she is comrade 马

24:58.300 --> 25:03.300
她是马同志

25:03.300 --> 25:05.300
Now I'll ask you to say

25:05.300 --> 25:10.300
Here she is Mr. Mrs. Miss or comrade 马

25:10.300 --> 25:14.300
He is Mr. 马

25:14.300 --> 25:18.300
她是马先生

25:18.300 --> 25:22.300
He is comrade 马

25:22.300 --> 25:25.300
她是马同志

25:25.300 --> 25:29.300
She is Miss 马

25:29.300 --> 25:33.300
她是马小姐

25:33.300 --> 25:36.300
She is Mrs. 马

25:36.300 --> 25:40.300
她是马太太

25:40.300 --> 25:44.300
She is comrade 马

25:44.300 --> 25:48.300
她是马同志

25:48.300 --> 25:52.300
She is Mrs. 马

25:52.300 --> 25:56.300
她是马太太

25:56.300 --> 26:00.300
He is Mr. 马

26:00.300 --> 26:04.300
她是马先生

26:04.300 --> 26:08.300
She is Miss 马

26:08.300 --> 26:12.300
她是马小姐

26:12.300 --> 26:14.300
Now let's review what we've covered

26:14.300 --> 26:18.300
Try putting the following English sentences into Chinese

26:18.300 --> 26:21.300
I'm 王大年

26:21.300 --> 26:25.300
我是王大年

26:25.300 --> 26:28.300
What's your surname?

26:28.300 --> 26:32.300
王大年吗?

26:32.300 --> 26:36.300
He is Mr. 马明李

26:36.300 --> 26:41.300
他是马明李先生

26:41.300 --> 26:44.300
My surname is 王

26:44.300 --> 26:47.300
我姓王

26:47.300 --> 26:51.300
Sir, who is he?

26:51.300 --> 26:55.300
先生,他是谁?

26:55.300 --> 26:59.300
She is Mrs. 马

26:59.300 --> 27:03.300
他是马太太

27:03.300 --> 27:07.300
His surname is 马

27:07.300 --> 27:11.300
他姓 马

27:11.300 --> 27:15.300
She is comrade 方

27:15.300 --> 27:19.300
他是 方同志

27:19.300 --> 27:24.300
You are Miss 胡玫琳

27:24.300 --> 27:28.300
What's his surname?

27:28.300 --> 27:32.300
他姓什么?

27:32.300 --> 27:36.300
This is the end of Orientation Module Unit 1

27:36.300 --> 27:55.300
Production Tape 1