1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,600 Standard Chinese, a modular approach. 2 00:00:02,600 --> 00:00:07,600 Orientation Module Unit 3, Comprehension Tape 1. 3 00:00:07,600 --> 00:00:10,100 In this tape you learn to understand questions and answers 4 00:00:10,100 --> 00:00:11,600 about what country you're from 5 00:00:11,600 --> 00:00:13,500 and what part of the country. 6 00:00:13,500 --> 00:00:16,200 We should mention that in Chinese, more often than not, 7 00:00:16,200 --> 00:00:19,400 these questions are really asking where you were from originally 8 00:00:19,400 --> 00:00:22,000 or even where your family was from originally. 9 00:00:22,000 --> 00:00:24,500 The proper answer for a first generation Chinese American 10 00:00:24,500 --> 00:00:26,700 might well be that he's Chinese. 11 00:00:26,700 --> 00:00:29,500 A lifelong peaking resident of Cantonese parentage 12 00:00:29,500 --> 00:00:32,500 might well say that he's Cantonese. 13 00:00:32,500 --> 00:00:35,400 Later we'll learn to refer specifically to current nationality 14 00:00:35,400 --> 00:00:39,400 and residents, as well as to ethnic and regional origins. 15 00:00:39,400 --> 00:00:42,600 First, let's take up questions about nationality. 16 00:00:42,600 --> 00:00:45,200 Listen to the following exchange. 17 00:00:45,200 --> 00:00:47,100 Are you an American? 18 00:00:47,100 --> 00:00:49,500 你是美國人嗎? 19 00:00:49,500 --> 00:00:51,600 你是美國人嗎? 20 00:00:51,600 --> 00:00:53,400 I'm an American. 21 00:00:53,400 --> 00:00:55,500 我是美國人. 22 00:00:55,500 --> 00:00:57,900 我是美國人. 23 00:00:57,900 --> 00:01:02,700 Here's the word for America in the sense of the United States of America. 24 00:01:02,700 --> 00:01:08,600 美國 25 00:01:08,600 --> 00:01:13,300 May was suggested phonetically by the second syllable of America. 26 00:01:13,300 --> 00:01:17,200 May also has a complimentary meaning, beautiful. 27 00:01:17,200 --> 00:01:19,200 國 means country, 28 00:01:19,200 --> 00:01:22,300 so 美國 means the beautiful country. 29 00:01:22,300 --> 00:01:25,500 Notice that 國 takes the neutral tone in a country name. 30 00:01:25,500 --> 00:01:27,600 Listen to America. 31 00:01:27,600 --> 00:01:33,300 美國 32 00:01:33,300 --> 00:01:35,700 Here's the word for person. 33 00:01:35,700 --> 00:01:41,500 人 34 00:01:41,500 --> 00:01:44,300 The word for an American combines America, 35 00:01:44,300 --> 00:01:46,300 美國, and person, 36 00:01:46,300 --> 00:01:48,600 人 into America person. 37 00:01:48,600 --> 00:01:50,100 Listen. 38 00:01:50,100 --> 00:01:55,400 美國人 39 00:01:55,400 --> 00:01:57,300 Listen for 美國人 40 00:01:57,300 --> 00:01:59,200 an American. 41 00:01:59,200 --> 00:02:01,000 Are you an American? 42 00:02:01,000 --> 00:02:03,200 你是美國人嗎? 43 00:02:03,200 --> 00:02:05,300 你是美國人嗎? 44 00:02:05,300 --> 00:02:06,800 I'm an American. 45 00:02:06,800 --> 00:02:08,700 我是美國人. 46 00:02:08,700 --> 00:02:10,800 我是美國人. 47 00:02:10,800 --> 00:02:12,300 Here it is live. 48 00:02:12,300 --> 00:02:13,800 你是美國人嗎? 49 00:02:13,800 --> 00:02:15,400 我是美國人. 50 00:02:15,400 --> 00:02:16,500 Again. 51 00:02:16,500 --> 00:02:17,900 你是美國人嗎? 52 00:02:17,900 --> 00:02:19,900 我是美國人. 53 00:02:19,900 --> 00:02:21,400 Here's a similar exchange. 54 00:02:21,400 --> 00:02:22,900 Listen. 55 00:02:22,900 --> 00:02:24,600 Are you Chinese? 56 00:02:24,600 --> 00:02:26,600 你是中國人嗎? 57 00:02:26,600 --> 00:02:28,800 你是中國人嗎? 58 00:02:28,800 --> 00:02:30,400 I'm Chinese. 59 00:02:30,400 --> 00:02:32,100 我是中國人. 60 00:02:32,100 --> 00:02:34,200 我是中國人. 61 00:02:34,200 --> 00:02:36,300 Here's the word for China. 62 00:02:36,300 --> 00:02:41,400 中國 63 00:02:41,400 --> 00:02:43,200 中 means middle. 64 00:02:43,200 --> 00:02:46,700 中國 is often translated as the middle kingdom. 65 00:02:46,700 --> 00:02:48,200 Here's the word for a Chinese, 66 00:02:48,200 --> 00:02:50,400 literally China person. 67 00:02:50,400 --> 00:02:56,100 中國人 68 00:02:56,100 --> 00:02:59,800 Listen for 中國人, Chinese. 69 00:02:59,800 --> 00:03:01,500 Are you Chinese? 70 00:03:01,500 --> 00:03:03,700 你是中國人嗎? 71 00:03:03,700 --> 00:03:06,300 你是中國人嗎? 72 00:03:06,300 --> 00:03:07,800 I'm Chinese. 73 00:03:07,800 --> 00:03:09,500 我是中國人. 74 00:03:09,500 --> 00:03:11,600 我是中國人. 75 00:03:11,600 --> 00:03:13,300 Here it is live. 76 00:03:13,300 --> 00:03:14,700 你是中國人嗎? 77 00:03:14,700 --> 00:03:16,300 我是中國人. 78 00:03:16,300 --> 00:03:17,400 Again. 79 00:03:17,400 --> 00:03:18,800 你是中國人嗎? 80 00:03:18,800 --> 00:03:21,000 我是中國人. 81 00:03:21,000 --> 00:03:23,600 Let's see if you can follow this new live exchange. 82 00:03:23,600 --> 00:03:26,000 Listen carefully. 83 00:03:26,000 --> 00:03:27,600 你是中國人嗎? 84 00:03:27,600 --> 00:03:30,500 我不是中國人,是美國人. 85 00:03:30,500 --> 00:03:31,800 Again. 86 00:03:31,800 --> 00:03:33,400 你是中國人嗎? 87 00:03:33,400 --> 00:03:37,300 我不是中國人,是美國人. 88 00:03:37,300 --> 00:03:39,900 To check up on your understanding of this exchange, 89 00:03:39,900 --> 00:03:43,200 here it is with the pause after each sentence and then the English. 90 00:03:43,200 --> 00:03:47,600 Translate to yourself during the pause. 91 00:03:47,600 --> 00:03:51,600 你是中國人嗎? 92 00:03:51,600 --> 00:03:53,600 Are you Chinese? 93 00:03:53,600 --> 00:03:58,100 我不是中國人. 94 00:03:58,100 --> 00:03:59,900 I'm not Chinese. 95 00:03:59,900 --> 00:04:03,600 是美國人. 96 00:04:03,600 --> 00:04:06,400 I'm an American. 97 00:04:06,400 --> 00:04:08,900 Notice that we translate 是美國人, 98 00:04:08,900 --> 00:04:11,900 the same way we would translate 我是美國人, 99 00:04:11,900 --> 00:04:13,100 I'm an American. 100 00:04:13,100 --> 00:04:16,000 Even though the word war does not appear, 101 00:04:16,000 --> 00:04:18,300 you know from the context that the subject is I, 102 00:04:18,300 --> 00:04:21,100 and you can hardly leave it out in English. 103 00:04:21,100 --> 00:04:22,200 Here's a new exchange. 104 00:04:22,200 --> 00:04:24,100 Listen carefully. 105 00:04:24,100 --> 00:04:26,800 Mr. Wang, are you English? 106 00:04:26,800 --> 00:04:30,400 王先生,你是英國人嗎? 107 00:04:30,400 --> 00:04:33,300 王先生,你是英國人嗎? 108 00:04:33,300 --> 00:04:35,300 I'm not English. 109 00:04:35,300 --> 00:04:39,900 我不是英國人,我不是英國人. 110 00:04:39,900 --> 00:04:42,100 Here's the word for England. 111 00:04:42,100 --> 00:04:47,300 英國,英國,英國. 112 00:04:47,300 --> 00:04:49,800 And here's the word for Englishman. 113 00:04:49,800 --> 00:04:55,800 英國人,英國人,英國人. 114 00:04:55,800 --> 00:05:00,000 Listen for a英國人 in the following conversation. 115 00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:02,800 Mr. Wang, are you English? 116 00:05:02,800 --> 00:05:06,000 王先生,你是英國人嗎? 117 00:05:06,000 --> 00:05:09,300 王先生,你是英國人嗎? 118 00:05:09,300 --> 00:05:11,300 I'm not English. 119 00:05:11,300 --> 00:05:16,100 我不是英國人,我不是英國人. 120 00:05:16,100 --> 00:05:17,700 Here it is live. 121 00:05:17,700 --> 00:05:19,900 王先生,你是英國人嗎? 122 00:05:19,900 --> 00:05:21,800 我不是英國人. 123 00:05:21,800 --> 00:05:23,100 Again. 124 00:05:23,100 --> 00:05:25,500 王先生,你是英國人嗎? 125 00:05:25,500 --> 00:05:29,000 我不是英國人. 126 00:05:29,000 --> 00:05:32,600 It may have struck you that we've been asking what we call yes-no questions 127 00:05:32,600 --> 00:05:35,600 without actually answering them with yes or no. 128 00:05:35,600 --> 00:05:38,800 This is because there is no single word for yes or no in Chinese. 129 00:05:38,800 --> 00:05:42,900 There are several ways to convey a yes or no response. 130 00:05:42,900 --> 00:05:45,500 The closest Chinese equivalent to a yes or no 131 00:05:45,500 --> 00:05:48,000 is an answer stripped down to its essentials, 132 00:05:48,000 --> 00:05:52,500 often the verb alone for yes or the verb plus the negative for no. 133 00:05:52,500 --> 00:05:54,700 Listen to this conversation. 134 00:05:54,700 --> 00:05:56,700 Are you Chinese? 135 00:05:56,700 --> 00:06:00,800 你是中國人嗎? 136 00:06:00,800 --> 00:06:02,400 No. 137 00:06:02,400 --> 00:06:06,200 不是.不是. 138 00:06:06,200 --> 00:06:08,000 Are you an American? 139 00:06:08,000 --> 00:06:12,100 你是美國人嗎? 140 00:06:12,100 --> 00:06:13,500 Yes. 141 00:06:13,500 --> 00:06:15,400 是. 142 00:06:15,400 --> 00:06:18,200 是. 143 00:06:18,200 --> 00:06:22,800 Literally, the answers are not am and am. 144 00:06:22,800 --> 00:06:24,800 A compromised translation would be 145 00:06:24,800 --> 00:06:27,200 I am not and I am. 146 00:06:27,200 --> 00:06:29,400 Listen again live. 147 00:06:29,400 --> 00:06:30,900 你是中國人嗎? 148 00:06:30,900 --> 00:06:32,100 不是. 149 00:06:32,100 --> 00:06:33,600 你是美國人嗎? 150 00:06:33,600 --> 00:06:34,900 是. 151 00:06:34,900 --> 00:06:36,200 Again. 152 00:06:36,200 --> 00:06:37,900 你是中國人嗎? 153 00:06:37,900 --> 00:06:39,300 不是. 154 00:06:39,300 --> 00:06:40,800 你是美國人嗎? 155 00:06:40,800 --> 00:06:42,900 是. 156 00:06:42,900 --> 00:06:44,800 It's possible to strip a negative reply 157 00:06:44,800 --> 00:06:46,000 down to 不. 158 00:06:46,000 --> 00:06:46,600 Not. 159 00:06:46,600 --> 00:06:48,000 without the verb. 160 00:06:48,000 --> 00:06:51,400 But this is considered a bit too abrupt for polite usage. 161 00:06:51,400 --> 00:06:52,800 However, following 不. 162 00:06:52,800 --> 00:06:53,500 Not. 163 00:06:53,500 --> 00:06:56,400 with the full sentence changes this. 164 00:06:56,400 --> 00:06:57,300 Frequently, 165 00:06:57,300 --> 00:06:59,900 a short answer like 是 or 不 是 166 00:06:59,900 --> 00:07:01,600 is followed by the full answer. 167 00:07:01,600 --> 00:07:02,900 Listen. 168 00:07:02,900 --> 00:07:04,900 Is Miss Ma an American? 169 00:07:04,900 --> 00:07:10,000 馬小姐是美國人嗎? 170 00:07:10,000 --> 00:07:10,800 No. 171 00:07:10,800 --> 00:07:13,100 She's not an American. 172 00:07:13,100 --> 00:07:14,000 不是. 173 00:07:14,000 --> 00:07:16,600 她不是美國人. 174 00:07:16,600 --> 00:07:17,500 不是. 175 00:07:17,500 --> 00:07:21,100 她不是美國人. 176 00:07:21,100 --> 00:07:22,800 Is she Chinese? 177 00:07:22,800 --> 00:07:24,900 她是中國人嗎? 178 00:07:24,900 --> 00:07:27,200 她是中國人嗎? 179 00:07:27,200 --> 00:07:27,800 Yes. 180 00:07:27,800 --> 00:07:29,700 She's Chinese. 181 00:07:29,700 --> 00:07:30,200 是. 182 00:07:30,200 --> 00:07:32,100 她是中國人. 183 00:07:32,100 --> 00:07:32,700 是. 184 00:07:32,700 --> 00:07:34,700 她是中國人. 185 00:07:34,700 --> 00:07:35,400 Here it is. 186 00:07:35,400 --> 00:07:36,200 Again. 187 00:07:36,200 --> 00:07:37,800 Live. 188 00:07:37,800 --> 00:07:39,900 馬小姐是美國人嗎? 189 00:07:39,900 --> 00:07:40,400 不是. 190 00:07:40,400 --> 00:07:41,800 她不是美國人. 191 00:07:41,800 --> 00:07:43,400 她是中國人嗎? 192 00:07:43,400 --> 00:07:44,000 是. 193 00:07:44,000 --> 00:07:46,200 她是中國人. 194 00:07:46,200 --> 00:07:47,600 Again. 195 00:07:47,600 --> 00:07:49,800 馬小姐是美國人嗎? 196 00:07:49,800 --> 00:07:50,500 不是. 197 00:07:50,500 --> 00:07:52,000 她不是美國人. 198 00:07:52,000 --> 00:07:53,600 她是中國人嗎? 199 00:07:53,600 --> 00:07:54,000 是. 200 00:07:54,000 --> 00:07:56,300 她是中國人. 201 00:07:56,300 --> 00:07:57,100 Now, 202 00:07:57,100 --> 00:08:02,300 Professor Zhou is going over his class list for next semester with the dean. 203 00:08:02,300 --> 00:08:05,300 He has heard that some of his students will be foreign students. 204 00:08:05,300 --> 00:08:08,000 Listen to part of the conversation live. 205 00:08:08,000 --> 00:08:10,100 馬小姐是美國人嗎? 206 00:08:10,100 --> 00:08:10,800 不是. 207 00:08:10,800 --> 00:08:13,700 馬小姐不是美人,她是中國人. 208 00:08:13,700 --> 00:08:14,500 Oh, 209 00:08:14,500 --> 00:08:15,700 他是中國人, 210 00:08:15,700 --> 00:08:17,100 白小姐呢? 211 00:08:17,100 --> 00:08:18,600 她是英國人嗎? 212 00:08:18,600 --> 00:08:19,400 不是. 213 00:08:19,400 --> 00:08:20,600 她不是英國人, 214 00:08:20,600 --> 00:08:22,400 白小姐是美國人. 215 00:08:22,400 --> 00:08:23,800 Again. 216 00:08:23,800 --> 00:08:25,900 馬小姐是美國人嗎? 217 00:08:25,900 --> 00:08:26,900 不是. 218 00:08:26,900 --> 00:08:28,600 馬小姐不是美國人, 219 00:08:28,600 --> 00:08:30,200 她是中國人. 220 00:08:30,200 --> 00:08:31,100 Oh, 221 00:08:31,100 --> 00:08:32,200 她是中國人, 222 00:08:32,200 --> 00:08:33,500 白小姐呢? 223 00:08:33,500 --> 00:08:35,000 她是英國人嗎? 224 00:08:35,000 --> 00:08:35,900 不是. 225 00:08:35,900 --> 00:08:37,500 她不是英國人, 226 00:08:37,500 --> 00:08:39,200 白小姐是美國人. 227 00:08:39,200 --> 00:08:45,200 Here it is with the English following. Use the pauses to translate to yourself. 228 00:08:45,200 --> 00:08:49,200 马小姐是美国人吗? 229 00:08:49,200 --> 00:08:52,200 Is Miss Ma an American? 230 00:08:52,200 --> 00:08:57,200 不是,马小姐不是美国人。 231 00:08:57,200 --> 00:09:00,200 No, Miss Ma is not American. 232 00:09:00,200 --> 00:09:03,200 她是中国人。 233 00:09:03,200 --> 00:09:05,200 She is Chinese. 234 00:09:05,200 --> 00:09:09,200 哦,她是中国人。 235 00:09:09,200 --> 00:09:11,200 Oh, she is Chinese. 236 00:09:11,200 --> 00:09:13,200 白小姐呢? 237 00:09:13,200 --> 00:09:15,200 And Miss Bai? 238 00:09:15,200 --> 00:09:18,200 她是英国人吗? 239 00:09:18,200 --> 00:09:20,200 Is she English? 240 00:09:20,200 --> 00:09:24,200 不是,她不是英国人。 241 00:09:24,200 --> 00:09:27,200 No, she is not English. 242 00:09:27,200 --> 00:09:31,200 她是美国人。 243 00:09:31,200 --> 00:09:34,200 She is American. 244 00:09:34,200 --> 00:09:38,200 So far, we've only been asking yes-no questions about nationality. 245 00:09:38,200 --> 00:09:42,200 Now listen to a question asking which country someone is from. 246 00:09:42,200 --> 00:09:44,200 What's your nationality? 247 00:09:44,200 --> 00:09:48,200 你是美国人。 248 00:09:48,200 --> 00:09:50,200 I'm an American. 249 00:09:50,200 --> 00:09:55,200 我是美国人。 250 00:09:55,200 --> 00:09:58,200 The word for which is... 251 00:09:58,200 --> 00:10:04,200 美,美,美。 252 00:10:04,200 --> 00:10:06,200 The word for which, 253 00:10:06,200 --> 00:10:08,200 美, is a bound word. 254 00:10:08,200 --> 00:10:10,200 That is, it can't stand by itself. 255 00:10:10,200 --> 00:10:13,200 If you add another bound word,国, meaning country, 256 00:10:13,200 --> 00:10:17,200 you have a free word meaning which country. Listen. 257 00:10:17,200 --> 00:10:22,200 美国,美国,美国。 258 00:10:22,200 --> 00:10:25,200 Now add person,人, to which country, 259 00:10:25,200 --> 00:10:28,200 美国,美国。And you have which country person? 260 00:10:28,200 --> 00:10:30,200 美国人。 261 00:10:30,200 --> 00:10:33,200 Notice that,国, loses its tone. 262 00:10:33,200 --> 00:10:39,200 美国人,美国人,美国人。 263 00:10:39,200 --> 00:10:41,200 Listen for,美国人, 264 00:10:41,200 --> 00:10:44,200 which country person in the exchange. 265 00:10:44,200 --> 00:10:47,200 What's your nationality? 266 00:10:47,200 --> 00:10:51,200 你是美国人。 267 00:10:51,200 --> 00:10:53,200 I'm American. 268 00:10:53,200 --> 00:10:58,200 我是美国人。 269 00:10:58,200 --> 00:11:00,200 Notice that, the idiomatic translation. 270 00:11:00,200 --> 00:11:02,200 What's your nationality? 271 00:11:02,200 --> 00:11:05,200 Has to be rather far from the word for word translation. 272 00:11:05,200 --> 00:11:07,200 You are which country person? 273 00:11:07,200 --> 00:11:09,200 Here it is live. 274 00:11:09,200 --> 00:11:12,200 你是美国人。 275 00:11:12,200 --> 00:11:13,200 Again. 276 00:11:13,200 --> 00:11:16,200 你是美国人。 277 00:11:16,200 --> 00:11:18,200 Here's a new live exchange. 278 00:11:18,200 --> 00:11:20,200 你是美国人。 279 00:11:20,200 --> 00:11:21,200 我是中国人。 280 00:11:21,200 --> 00:11:22,200 Again. 281 00:11:22,200 --> 00:11:24,200 你是美国人。 282 00:11:24,200 --> 00:11:26,200 我是中国人。 283 00:11:26,200 --> 00:11:28,200 Here it is with the English following. 284 00:11:28,200 --> 00:11:32,200 你是美国人。 285 00:11:32,200 --> 00:11:34,200 What's your nationality? 286 00:11:34,200 --> 00:11:37,200 我是中国人。 287 00:11:37,200 --> 00:11:39,200 I'm Chinese. 288 00:11:39,200 --> 00:11:41,200 Here's another live dialogue. 289 00:11:41,200 --> 00:11:43,200 Listen carefully. 290 00:11:43,200 --> 00:11:45,200 马先生是美国人吗? 291 00:11:45,200 --> 00:11:48,200 不是,他不是美国人。 292 00:11:48,200 --> 00:11:49,200 他是哪国人? 293 00:11:49,200 --> 00:11:51,200 他是中国人。 294 00:11:51,200 --> 00:11:53,200 Try translating it. 295 00:11:53,200 --> 00:11:55,200 马先生是美国人吗? 296 00:11:55,200 --> 00:11:58,200 不是,他不是美国人。 297 00:11:58,200 --> 00:11:59,200 他是哪国人? 298 00:11:59,200 --> 00:12:02,200 他是中国人。 299 00:12:02,200 --> 00:12:04,200 Try translating it. 300 00:12:04,200 --> 00:12:09,200 马先生是美国人吗? 301 00:12:09,200 --> 00:12:11,200 Is Mr. Ma an American? 302 00:12:11,200 --> 00:12:16,200 不是,他不是美国人。 303 00:12:16,200 --> 00:12:19,200 No, he isn't an American. 304 00:12:19,200 --> 00:12:22,200 他是美国人。 305 00:12:22,200 --> 00:12:24,200 What's his nationality? 306 00:12:24,200 --> 00:12:27,200 他是中国人。 307 00:12:27,200 --> 00:12:30,200 He's Chinese. 308 00:12:30,200 --> 00:12:32,200 American,美国人, 309 00:12:32,200 --> 00:12:34,200 and which country person, 310 00:12:34,200 --> 00:12:36,200 美国人, are confusingly alike. 311 00:12:36,200 --> 00:12:39,200 Sometimes you may not catch whether it was an M for mother 312 00:12:39,200 --> 00:12:41,200 or an N for nephew. 313 00:12:41,200 --> 00:12:42,200 But notice that, 314 00:12:42,200 --> 00:12:44,200 are you an American? 315 00:12:44,200 --> 00:12:45,200 is a yes-no question, 316 00:12:45,200 --> 00:12:46,200 and so has the yes-no question 317 00:12:46,200 --> 00:12:48,200 marga ma at the end. 318 00:12:48,200 --> 00:12:50,200 While what's your nationality 319 00:12:50,200 --> 00:12:52,200 is not a yes-no question, 320 00:12:52,200 --> 00:12:54,200 and so doesn't have ma at the end. 321 00:12:54,200 --> 00:12:56,200 The interrogative element in 322 00:12:56,200 --> 00:12:58,200 what's your nationality 323 00:12:58,200 --> 00:13:01,200 is the word 哪,which,in 哪国人, 324 00:13:01,200 --> 00:13:03,200 which country person. 325 00:13:03,200 --> 00:13:05,200 Let's compare the two questions. 326 00:13:05,200 --> 00:13:07,200 The English will follow the Chinese after a pause 327 00:13:07,200 --> 00:13:09,200 to give you a chance to decide for yourself 328 00:13:09,200 --> 00:13:11,200 which question is being asked. 329 00:13:11,200 --> 00:13:15,200 你是哪国人? 330 00:13:15,200 --> 00:13:17,200 What's your nationality? 331 00:13:17,200 --> 00:13:21,200 你是美国人吗? 332 00:13:21,200 --> 00:13:25,200 Are you an American? 333 00:13:25,200 --> 00:13:28,200 你是哪国人? 334 00:13:28,200 --> 00:13:34,200 What's your nationality? 335 00:13:34,200 --> 00:13:37,200 你是美国人吗? 336 00:13:37,200 --> 00:13:41,200 Are you an American? 337 00:13:41,200 --> 00:13:44,200 Once you've established someone's nationality, 338 00:13:44,200 --> 00:13:46,200 you may want to ask what part of the country 339 00:13:46,200 --> 00:13:47,200 it comes from. 340 00:13:47,200 --> 00:13:50,200 For example,what province or major city of China? 341 00:13:50,200 --> 00:13:52,200 Listen to this exchange. 342 00:13:52,200 --> 00:13:53,200 Where are you from? 343 00:13:53,200 --> 00:13:57,200 你是哪的人? 344 00:13:57,200 --> 00:13:59,200 I'm from Shanghai. 345 00:13:59,200 --> 00:14:04,200 我是上海人. 346 00:14:04,200 --> 00:14:06,200 Let's look at the answer first. 347 00:14:06,200 --> 00:14:07,200 It's easier. 348 00:14:07,200 --> 00:14:11,200 You already know the word 人,person,as in 中国人, 349 00:14:11,200 --> 00:14:13,200 literally China person. 350 00:14:13,200 --> 00:14:15,200 You can also add 人 to the names 351 00:14:15,200 --> 00:14:17,200 of these provinces. 352 00:14:17,200 --> 00:14:25,200 Listen to 上海人. 353 00:14:25,200 --> 00:14:27,200 What Miss Hu is saying is 354 00:14:27,200 --> 00:14:29,200 I'm a Shanghai person. 355 00:14:29,200 --> 00:14:31,200 Listen to her reply. 356 00:14:31,200 --> 00:14:33,200 Where are you from? 357 00:14:33,200 --> 00:14:37,200 你是哪的人? 358 00:14:37,200 --> 00:14:39,200 I'm from Shanghai. 359 00:14:39,200 --> 00:14:44,200 我是上海人. 360 00:14:44,200 --> 00:14:46,200 It's an idiomatic but rather free translation 361 00:14:46,200 --> 00:14:49,200 of the question 你是哪的人? 362 00:14:49,200 --> 00:14:51,200 The Chinese is actually something like 363 00:14:51,200 --> 00:14:53,200 you are a person of where. 364 00:14:53,200 --> 00:15:00,200 The word for where is 哪,哪,哪. 365 00:15:00,200 --> 00:15:03,200 Listen for 哪, meaning where. 366 00:15:03,200 --> 00:15:05,200 Where are you from? 367 00:15:05,200 --> 00:15:10,200 你是哪的人? 368 00:15:10,200 --> 00:15:12,200 I'm from Shanghai. 369 00:15:12,200 --> 00:15:17,200 我是上海人. 370 00:15:17,200 --> 00:15:19,200 Be sure to associate the low tone 371 00:15:19,200 --> 00:15:21,200 with the word for where 哪, 372 00:15:21,200 --> 00:15:25,200 since the word for there is 哪 in the falling tone. 373 00:15:25,200 --> 00:15:27,200 This is one of the best illustrations 374 00:15:27,200 --> 00:15:29,200 of the importance of tones in Chinese. 375 00:15:29,200 --> 00:15:31,200 The possibilities for confusion 376 00:15:31,200 --> 00:15:33,200 between 哪,where and 哪 377 00:15:33,200 --> 00:15:35,200 there are obvious. 378 00:15:35,200 --> 00:15:37,200 Here's the word for where again. 379 00:15:37,200 --> 00:15:43,200 哪,哪,哪. 380 00:15:43,200 --> 00:15:46,200 The weak syllable 德 in 哪的人 381 00:15:46,200 --> 00:15:48,200 is a marker of the possessive. 382 00:15:48,200 --> 00:15:51,200 We translated 哪的人 as a person of where 383 00:15:51,200 --> 00:15:54,200 using of for the possessive marker 德. 384 00:15:54,200 --> 00:15:56,200 But in the process we reversed the order. 385 00:15:56,200 --> 00:15:58,200 In Chinese the word for where comes first 386 00:15:58,200 --> 00:16:01,200 and the word for person last. 387 00:16:01,200 --> 00:16:03,200 So a closer although even less idiomatic 388 00:16:03,200 --> 00:16:05,200 translation is with the English possessive 389 00:16:05,200 --> 00:16:08,200 possessive apostrophe s,where's person. 390 00:16:08,200 --> 00:16:10,200 Here's a somewhat more straight forward example 391 00:16:10,200 --> 00:16:12,200 of the possessive marker 德. 392 00:16:12,200 --> 00:16:14,200 You need to know that 先生 can mean husband 393 00:16:14,200 --> 00:16:16,200 as well as mister and sir. 394 00:16:16,200 --> 00:16:17,200 Listen. 395 00:16:17,200 --> 00:16:20,200 He's Fang Baolan's husband. 396 00:16:20,200 --> 00:16:23,200 他是方保兰的先生. 397 00:16:23,200 --> 00:16:26,200 他是方保兰的先生. 398 00:16:26,200 --> 00:16:29,200 In the phrase 方保兰的先生. 399 00:16:29,200 --> 00:16:31,200 方保兰's husband. 400 00:16:31,200 --> 00:16:33,200 It's clear that the marker 德 is working 401 00:16:33,200 --> 00:16:35,200 with the possessive apostrophe s. 402 00:16:35,200 --> 00:16:38,200 Now let's go back to the exchange with 哪的人 403 00:16:38,200 --> 00:16:41,200 where's person or a person of where. 404 00:16:41,200 --> 00:16:44,200 Listen. 405 00:16:44,200 --> 00:16:46,200 Where are you from? 406 00:16:46,200 --> 00:16:50,200 你是哪的人? 407 00:16:50,200 --> 00:16:52,200 I'm from Shanghai. 408 00:16:52,200 --> 00:16:56,200 我是上海人. 409 00:16:56,200 --> 00:16:58,200 Listen to the exchange again. 410 00:16:58,200 --> 00:17:00,200 Where are you from? 411 00:17:00,200 --> 00:17:02,200 你是哪的人? 412 00:17:02,200 --> 00:17:04,200 你是哪的人? 413 00:17:04,200 --> 00:17:06,200 I'm from Shanghai. 414 00:17:06,200 --> 00:17:08,200 我是上海人. 415 00:17:08,200 --> 00:17:10,200 我是上海人. 416 00:17:10,200 --> 00:17:11,200 Here it is live. 417 00:17:11,200 --> 00:17:13,200 你是哪的人? 418 00:17:13,200 --> 00:17:15,200 我是上海人. 419 00:17:15,200 --> 00:17:16,200 Again. 420 00:17:16,200 --> 00:17:18,200 你是哪的人? 421 00:17:18,200 --> 00:17:20,200 我是上海人. 422 00:17:20,200 --> 00:17:22,200 Here's a similar exchange. 423 00:17:22,200 --> 00:17:23,200 Listen. 424 00:17:23,200 --> 00:17:25,200 Where is he from? 425 00:17:25,200 --> 00:17:29,200 他是哪的人? 426 00:17:29,200 --> 00:17:31,200 He's from Shandong. 427 00:17:31,200 --> 00:17:35,200 他是上东人. 428 00:17:35,200 --> 00:17:38,200 Shandong is one of the provinces in north China. 429 00:17:38,200 --> 00:17:40,200 Listen to Shandong person. 430 00:17:40,200 --> 00:17:42,200 Shandong人. 431 00:17:42,200 --> 00:17:44,200 Shandong人. 432 00:17:44,200 --> 00:17:46,200 Shandong人. 433 00:17:46,200 --> 00:17:48,200 Here's the exchange live. 434 00:17:48,200 --> 00:17:50,200 他是哪的人? 435 00:17:50,200 --> 00:17:52,200 他是上东人. 436 00:17:52,200 --> 00:17:53,200 Again. 437 00:17:53,200 --> 00:17:55,200 他是哪的人? 438 00:17:55,200 --> 00:17:58,200 他是上东人. 439 00:17:58,200 --> 00:17:59,200 If the question 440 00:17:59,200 --> 00:18:01,200 Where are you from? 441 00:18:01,200 --> 00:18:02,200 is asked of an American, 442 00:18:02,200 --> 00:18:05,200 the expected answer is the name of a state. 443 00:18:05,200 --> 00:18:07,200 In Chinese, there's a phonetic approximation 444 00:18:07,200 --> 00:18:09,200 for the name of each American state. 445 00:18:09,200 --> 00:18:12,200 Here's California, for example. 446 00:18:12,200 --> 00:18:14,200 佳理佛尼亚. 447 00:18:14,200 --> 00:18:17,200 佳理佛尼亚. 448 00:18:17,200 --> 00:18:19,200 佳理佛尼亚. 449 00:18:19,200 --> 00:18:21,200 Several states, among them California, 450 00:18:21,200 --> 00:18:24,200 have abbreviated names consisting of the first syllable 451 00:18:24,200 --> 00:18:28,200 of the phonetic version and the syllable 中 or state. 452 00:18:28,200 --> 00:18:31,200 Here's the abbreviated name for California. 453 00:18:31,200 --> 00:18:32,200 佳州. 454 00:18:32,200 --> 00:18:34,200 佳州. 455 00:18:34,200 --> 00:18:36,200 佳州. 456 00:18:36,200 --> 00:18:38,200 Listen to this exchange. 457 00:18:38,200 --> 00:18:39,200 Where are you from? 458 00:18:39,200 --> 00:18:41,200 你是哪的人? 459 00:18:41,200 --> 00:18:43,200 你是哪的人? 460 00:18:43,200 --> 00:18:45,200 I'm a Californian. 461 00:18:45,200 --> 00:18:47,200 我是佳州人. 462 00:18:47,200 --> 00:18:49,200 我是佳州人. 463 00:18:49,200 --> 00:18:51,200 Here it is live. 464 00:18:51,200 --> 00:18:52,200 你是哪的人? 465 00:18:52,200 --> 00:18:54,200 我是佳州人. 466 00:18:54,200 --> 00:18:55,200 Again. 467 00:18:55,200 --> 00:18:56,200 你是哪的人? 468 00:18:56,200 --> 00:18:59,200 我是佳州人. 469 00:18:59,200 --> 00:19:02,200 On this tape, we've covered yes-no questions such as 470 00:19:02,200 --> 00:19:04,200 are you an American? 471 00:19:04,200 --> 00:19:06,200 and the questions, what's your nationality? 472 00:19:06,200 --> 00:19:08,200 and where are you from? 473 00:19:08,200 --> 00:19:10,200 Here they are for review. 474 00:19:10,200 --> 00:19:12,200 Are you an American? 475 00:19:12,200 --> 00:19:15,200 你是美国人吗? 476 00:19:15,200 --> 00:19:17,200 你是美国人吗? 477 00:19:17,200 --> 00:19:19,200 What's your nationality? 478 00:19:19,200 --> 00:19:21,200 你是哪个人? 479 00:19:21,200 --> 00:19:23,200 你是哪个人? 480 00:19:23,200 --> 00:19:25,200 Where are you from? 481 00:19:25,200 --> 00:19:27,200 你是哪个人? 482 00:19:27,200 --> 00:19:30,200 你是哪个人? 483 00:19:30,200 --> 00:19:32,200 Let's see if you can tell them apart. 484 00:19:32,200 --> 00:19:34,200 Here they are in random order. 485 00:19:34,200 --> 00:19:36,200 With a pause between the Chinese and the English. 486 00:19:36,200 --> 00:19:40,200 Try translating to yourself during the pause. 487 00:19:40,200 --> 00:19:44,200 你是美国人吗? 488 00:19:44,200 --> 00:19:47,200 Are you an American? 489 00:19:47,200 --> 00:19:50,200 你是哪个人? 490 00:19:50,200 --> 00:19:53,200 What's your nationality? 491 00:19:53,200 --> 00:19:56,200 你是哪个人? 492 00:19:56,200 --> 00:19:58,200 Where are you from? 493 00:19:58,200 --> 00:20:02,200 你是哪个人? 494 00:20:02,200 --> 00:20:05,200 What's your nationality? 495 00:20:05,200 --> 00:20:08,200 你是哪个人? 496 00:20:08,200 --> 00:20:11,200 Where are you from? 497 00:20:11,200 --> 00:20:15,200 你是美国人吗? 498 00:20:15,200 --> 00:20:18,200 Are you an American? 499 00:20:18,200 --> 00:20:21,200 你是美国人吗? 500 00:20:21,200 --> 00:20:24,200 Are you an American? 501 00:20:24,200 --> 00:20:27,200 你是哪个人? 502 00:20:27,200 --> 00:20:29,200 Where are you from? 503 00:20:29,200 --> 00:20:33,200 你是哪个人? 504 00:20:33,200 --> 00:20:38,200 What's your nationality? 505 00:20:38,200 --> 00:20:42,200 Now let's review both questions and answers in the same format. 506 00:20:42,200 --> 00:20:45,200 Chinese, pause, English. 507 00:20:45,200 --> 00:20:48,200 你是哪个人? 508 00:20:48,200 --> 00:20:51,200 What's your nationality? 509 00:20:51,200 --> 00:20:54,200 我是中国人. 510 00:20:54,200 --> 00:20:56,200 I'm Chinese. 511 00:20:56,200 --> 00:20:59,200 你是哪个人? 512 00:20:59,200 --> 00:21:01,200 Where are you from? 513 00:21:01,200 --> 00:21:05,200 我是上海人. 514 00:21:05,200 --> 00:21:09,200 I'm from Shanghai. 515 00:21:09,200 --> 00:21:12,200 你是美国人吗? 516 00:21:12,200 --> 00:21:14,200 Are you an American? 517 00:21:14,200 --> 00:21:18,200 是,我是美国人. 518 00:21:18,200 --> 00:21:21,200 Yes, I'm an American. 519 00:21:21,200 --> 00:21:24,200 你是英国人吗? 520 00:21:24,200 --> 00:21:26,200 Are you English? 521 00:21:26,200 --> 00:21:30,200 不是,我不是英国人. 522 00:21:30,200 --> 00:21:32,200 No, I'm not English. 523 00:21:32,200 --> 00:21:35,200 你是中国人吗? 524 00:21:35,200 --> 00:21:37,200 Are you Chinese? 525 00:21:37,200 --> 00:21:41,200 是,我是中国人. 526 00:21:41,200 --> 00:21:44,200 Yes, I'm Chinese. 527 00:21:44,200 --> 00:21:47,200 你是哪个人? 528 00:21:47,200 --> 00:21:50,200 What's your nationality? 529 00:21:50,200 --> 00:21:52,200 我是美国人. 530 00:21:52,200 --> 00:21:55,200 I'm an American. 531 00:21:55,200 --> 00:21:58,200 你是哪个人? 532 00:21:58,200 --> 00:22:00,200 Where are you from? 533 00:22:00,200 --> 00:22:03,200 我是加州人. 534 00:22:03,200 --> 00:22:06,200 I'm a Californian. 535 00:22:06,200 --> 00:22:10,200 他是哪个人? 536 00:22:10,200 --> 00:22:13,200 What's his nationality? 537 00:22:13,200 --> 00:22:16,200 他是中国人. 538 00:22:16,200 --> 00:22:18,200 He's Chinese. 539 00:22:18,200 --> 00:22:22,200 他是哪个人? 540 00:22:22,200 --> 00:22:24,200 Where is he from? 541 00:22:24,200 --> 00:22:28,200 他是山东人. 542 00:22:28,200 --> 00:22:30,200 He's from Shandong. 543 00:22:30,200 --> 00:22:34,200 你是英国人吗? 544 00:22:34,200 --> 00:22:36,200 Are you English? 545 00:22:36,200 --> 00:22:41,200 我不是英国人.