FSI-Chinese/Audio-Transcripts/Standard Chinese/Resource Module/FSI - Standard Chinese - Resource Module - P&R - Tape 4.mp3.vtt

WEBVTT

00:00.000 --> 00:10.000
Standard Chinese a modular approach, resource module on pronunciation and romanization, Tape 4.

00:10.000 --> 00:15.000
This tape introduces the sounds and spellings of three new consonants and two new vowels.

00:15.000 --> 00:18.000
On the last tape we took up three pairs of affricate consonants.

00:18.000 --> 00:22.000
You can see them in the first two columns of display 1.

00:22.000 --> 00:25.000
Now we're going to take up three fricative consonants,

00:25.000 --> 00:30.000
i.e.continent sounds which consist entirely of friction like s.

00:30.000 --> 00:33.000
They're in the third column of display 1.

00:33.000 --> 00:37.000
Notice that they line up with three tongue positions you learned for the affricates.

00:37.000 --> 00:40.000
Retroflicks with the tongue in the R position,

00:40.000 --> 00:42.000
Palatal with the tongue in the E position,

00:42.000 --> 00:46.000
and dental with the tongue in the S position.

00:46.000 --> 00:50.000
Listen to the speaker read across the rows of display 1.

00:50.000 --> 00:54.000
張,唱,上,

00:54.000 --> 00:59.000
江,牆,香,

00:59.000 --> 01:04.000
藏,藏,藏.

01:04.000 --> 01:09.000
Now listen to the speaker read down the columns of display 1.

01:09.000 --> 01:14.000
張,江,藏,

01:14.000 --> 01:17.000
唱,牆,

01:17.000 --> 01:24.000
藏,上,香,藏.

01:24.000 --> 01:27.000
Listen to the surnames in the third column again.

01:27.000 --> 01:31.000
The ones with the fricative sounds we're going to work on.

01:31.000 --> 01:37.000
上,香,藏.

01:37.000 --> 01:39.000
Again.

01:39.000 --> 01:43.000
上,香,藏.

01:43.000 --> 01:45.000
The first of these fricative sounds,

01:45.000 --> 01:47.000
the one spelled SH,

01:47.000 --> 01:49.000
is rather like our SH sound,

01:49.000 --> 01:51.000
except that the tongue is curled back in the R position.

01:51.000 --> 01:53.000
Listen.

01:53.000 --> 01:58.000
上,上,上.

01:58.000 --> 02:00.000
Try repeating it.

02:00.000 --> 02:08.000
上,上,上.

02:08.000 --> 02:11.000
It's worth noticing that all three retroflex consonants here

02:11.000 --> 02:13.000
are spelled with an H.

02:13.000 --> 02:16.000
ZH,CH, and SH.

02:16.000 --> 02:18.000
Try repeating the first row names after the speaker,

02:18.000 --> 02:22.000
getting your tongue in the R position for each.

02:22.000 --> 02:29.000
張,唱,上.

02:29.000 --> 02:31.000
Again.

02:31.000 --> 02:39.000
張,唱,上.

02:39.000 --> 02:42.000
Now let's move on to the second new consonant.

02:42.000 --> 02:44.000
The fricative is spelled with an X.

02:44.000 --> 02:46.000
Don't be thrown off by the X.

02:46.000 --> 02:49.000
Ears will tell you that it's something like our SH sound again.

02:49.000 --> 02:51.000
It's not quite the same of course.

02:51.000 --> 02:54.000
The tongue is held in a tight E position.

02:54.000 --> 02:56.000
Listen.

02:56.000 --> 03:01.000
上,上,上.

03:01.000 --> 03:02.000
Try repeating it,

03:02.000 --> 03:07.000
spreading your lips wide in a tight grin as you start the syllable.

03:07.000 --> 03:14.000
上,上,上.

03:14.000 --> 03:17.000
It's worth noticing that all three palette of consonants here

03:17.000 --> 03:20.000
come before the semivall spelled I.

03:20.000 --> 03:22.000
In other words,their tongue position anticipates

03:22.000 --> 03:24.000
the tongue position of the semivall.

03:24.000 --> 03:27.000
Try repeating the second row names after the speaker,

03:27.000 --> 03:31.000
getting your tongue into the E position and grinning.

03:31.000 --> 03:38.000
張,唱,上.

03:38.000 --> 03:40.000
Again.

03:40.000 --> 03:47.000
張,唱,上.

03:47.000 --> 03:49.000
Now try repeating the first two names

03:49.000 --> 03:51.000
in the third column after the speaker.

03:51.000 --> 03:52.000
You'll have to shift gears

03:52.000 --> 03:54.000
from retroflex to palatal tongue positions.

03:54.000 --> 03:56.000
Here we go.

03:56.000 --> 04:00.000
上,上.

04:00.000 --> 04:02.000
Again.

04:02.000 --> 04:06.000
上,上.

04:06.000 --> 04:08.000
Now try repeating them in the other order.

04:08.000 --> 04:11.000
E position, R position.

04:11.000 --> 04:14.000
上,上.

04:14.000 --> 04:16.000
Again.

04:16.000 --> 04:20.000
上,上.

04:20.000 --> 04:22.000
Before we go any further,let's run a quick check

04:22.000 --> 04:24.000
on whether you can hear the difference between

04:24.000 --> 04:26.000
the retroflex fricative spelled SH

04:26.000 --> 04:29.000
and the palatal fricative spelled X.

04:29.000 --> 04:31.000
Circle the appropriate romanization

04:31.000 --> 04:33.000
for each name in exercise 1.

04:33.000 --> 04:36.000
Repeating as you do so.

04:36.000 --> 04:40.000
1,上.

04:40.000 --> 04:41.000
Retroflex.

04:41.000 --> 04:45.000
2,上.

04:45.000 --> 04:46.000
Palatal.

04:46.000 --> 04:50.000
3,上.

04:50.000 --> 04:51.000
Palatal.

04:51.000 --> 04:56.000
4,上.

04:56.000 --> 04:57.000
Palatal.

04:57.000 --> 05:01.000
5,上.

05:01.000 --> 05:02.000
Retroflex.

05:02.000 --> 05:07.000
6,上.

05:07.000 --> 05:08.000
Retroflex.

05:08.000 --> 05:12.000
7,上.

05:12.000 --> 05:13.000
Palatal.

05:13.000 --> 05:17.000
8,上.

05:17.000 --> 05:18.000
Retroflex.

05:18.000 --> 05:23.000
9,上.

05:23.000 --> 05:24.000
Palatal.

05:24.000 --> 05:26.000
10,上.

05:26.000 --> 05:29.000
Retroflex.

05:29.000 --> 05:32.000
The last name in the third column of display 1

05:32.000 --> 05:34.000
starts with an honest S.

05:34.000 --> 05:36.000
You may notice that Chinese S

05:36.000 --> 05:38.000
is slightly stronger than English S.

05:38.000 --> 05:40.000
Listen.

05:40.000 --> 05:45.000
上,上,上.

05:45.000 --> 05:47.000
Try repeating it.

05:47.000 --> 05:55.000
上,上,上.

05:55.000 --> 05:59.000
Now try repeating the names across the bottom row.

05:59.000 --> 06:07.000
上,上,上.

06:07.000 --> 06:08.000
Again.

06:08.000 --> 06:17.000
上,上,上.

06:17.000 --> 06:20.000
Now try repeating the names down the third column.

06:20.000 --> 06:22.000
Shifting gears appropriately.

06:22.000 --> 06:30.000
上,上,上.

06:30.000 --> 06:31.000
Again.

06:31.000 --> 06:39.000
上,上,上.

06:39.000 --> 06:42.000
Let's make sure you can tell the three names apart.

06:42.000 --> 06:44.000
Circle the appropriate Romanization

06:44.000 --> 06:46.000
for each name in exercise 2.

06:46.000 --> 06:48.000
Repeating as you do so.

06:48.000 --> 06:53.000
上,上,上.

06:53.000 --> 06:54.000
Retroflex.

06:54.000 --> 06:58.000
2,上.

06:58.000 --> 06:59.000
Palatal.

06:59.000 --> 07:03.000
3,上.

07:03.000 --> 07:04.000
Dental.

07:04.000 --> 07:08.000
4,上.

07:08.000 --> 07:09.000
Palatal.

07:09.000 --> 07:13.000
5,上.

07:13.000 --> 07:14.000
Dental.

07:14.000 --> 07:17.000
6,上.

07:17.000 --> 07:18.000
Retroflex.

07:18.000 --> 07:22.000
7,上.

07:22.000 --> 07:23.000
Dental.

07:23.000 --> 07:27.000
8,上.

07:27.000 --> 07:28.000
Retroflex.

07:28.000 --> 07:33.000
9,上.

07:33.000 --> 07:34.000
Dental.

07:34.000 --> 07:37.000
10,上.

07:37.000 --> 07:40.000
Palatal.

07:40.000 --> 07:42.000
Now try reading the surnames in exercise 3

07:42.000 --> 07:44.000
and repeat.

07:44.000 --> 07:50.000
1,上.

07:50.000 --> 07:55.000
2,向.

07:55.000 --> 08:01.000
3,上.

08:01.000 --> 08:05.000
4,梳.

08:05.000 --> 08:11.000
5,梳.

08:11.000 --> 08:13.000
6,心.

08:13.000 --> 08:20.000
7,梳.

08:20.000 --> 08:26.000
8,小.

08:26.000 --> 08:31.000
9,送.

08:31.000 --> 08:36.000
10,下.

08:36.000 --> 08:41.000
11,梳.

08:41.000 --> 08:47.000
12,神.

08:47.000 --> 08:50.000
Exercise 4 is the same,

08:50.000 --> 08:53.000
but with the 6 Africans mixed in with the 3 Frickitas.

08:53.000 --> 08:55.000
Read and repeat.

08:55.000 --> 09:01.000
1,朝.

09:01.000 --> 09:06.000
2,小.

09:06.000 --> 09:10.000
3,朝.

09:10.000 --> 09:15.000
4,少.

09:15.000 --> 09:20.000
5,瞧.

09:20.000 --> 09:25.000
6,交.

09:25.000 --> 09:30.000
7,朝.

09:30.000 --> 09:35.000
8,梳.

09:35.000 --> 09:39.000
9,左.

09:39.000 --> 09:46.000
10,菜.

09:46.000 --> 09:52.000
11,出.

09:52.000 --> 09:57.000
12,心.

09:57.000 --> 10:03.000
13,臟.

10:03.000 --> 10:08.000
14,除.

10:08.000 --> 10:13.000
15,金.

10:13.000 --> 10:18.000
16,送.

10:18.000 --> 10:23.000
17,交.

10:23.000 --> 10:29.000
18,琴.

10:29.000 --> 10:39.000
19,琴.

10:39.000 --> 10:44.000
19,琴.

10:44.000 --> 10:49.000
19,琴.

10:49.000 --> 10:54.000
19,琴.

10:54.000 --> 10:59.000
19,琴.

10:59.000 --> 11:04.000
19,琴.

11:04.000 --> 11:09.000
19,琴.

11:09.000 --> 11:14.000
19,琴.

11:14.000 --> 11:19.000
19,琴.

11:19.000 --> 11:23.000
19,琴.

11:23.000 --> 11:28.000
19,琴.

11:28.000 --> 11:33.000
19,琴.

11:33.000 --> 11:38.000
19,琴.

11:38.000 --> 11:43.000
19,琴.

11:43.000 --> 11:48.000
19,琴.

11:48.000 --> 11:52.000
19,琴.

11:52.000 --> 11:57.000
19,琴.

11:57.000 --> 12:02.000
19,琴.

12:02.000 --> 12:07.000
19,琴.

12:07.000 --> 12:12.000
19,琴.

12:12.000 --> 12:17.000
19,琴.

12:17.000 --> 12:21.000
19,琴.

12:21.000 --> 12:26.000
19,琴.

12:26.000 --> 12:31.000
19,琴.

12:31.000 --> 12:36.000
19,琴.

12:36.000 --> 12:41.000
19,琴.

12:41.000 --> 12:46.000
19,琴.

12:46.000 --> 12:50.000
19,琴.

12:50.000 --> 12:55.000
19,琴.

12:55.000 --> 13:00.000
19,琴.

13:00.000 --> 13:05.000
19,琴.

13:05.000 --> 13:10.000
19,琴.

13:10.000 --> 13:15.000
19,琴.

13:15.000 --> 13:19.000
19,琴.

13:19.000 --> 13:24.000
19,琴.

13:24.000 --> 13:29.000
19,琴.

13:29.000 --> 13:34.000
19,琴.

13:34.000 --> 13:39.000
19,琴.

13:39.000 --> 13:44.000
19,琴.

13:44.000 --> 13:48.000
19,琴.

14:18.000 --> 14:41.000
9,7,10,4,11,7,12,10.

14:41.000 --> 14:46.000
You already know that one of these vowels written with an i can occur by itself.

14:46.000 --> 14:51.000
It's written yi, but you can't always hear the y as a separate sound.

14:51.000 --> 14:56.000
The prolonged r sound can also occur by itself. It's written ri.

14:56.000 --> 15:02.000
The r merely serving to signal the retroflex pronunciation, not standing for a separate sound.

15:02.000 --> 15:06.000
Display 3 consists of one word, the word for Japan.

15:06.000 --> 15:11.000
Listen for the first syllable, which is nothing but the prolonged r sound.

15:11.000 --> 15:18.000
日本,日本,日本.

15:18.000 --> 15:20.000
Try repeating it.

15:20.000 --> 15:29.000
日本,日本,日本.

15:29.000 --> 15:34.000
The third vowel sound written i, the one in 次, is never pronounced alone,

15:34.000 --> 15:39.000
but always follows a dental affricate or fricative, z, c, or s.

15:39.000 --> 15:46.000
Exercise 6 is another read and repeat exercise with the same three sound values for the letter i.

15:46.000 --> 15:52.000
But it's considerably harder than exercise 5 because it isn't restricted to the fricatives s, h, x, and s.

15:52.000 --> 15:57.000
You have to decide for each consonant whether it is pronounced with the tongue in the r position,

15:57.000 --> 16:02.000
in which case the vowel is r, whether it is in the s position, in which case the vowel is r,

16:02.000 --> 16:06.000
or whether it is neither, in which case the vowel is e.

16:06.000 --> 16:11.000
You've just learned that the letter i stands for the sound e after affricate or fricative consonants

16:11.000 --> 16:15.000
pronounced in the e position,namely j, c, and x.

16:15.000 --> 16:23.000
But remember that you've known for some time that i also stands for e after consonants such as l, m, n, d, and t,

16:23.000 --> 16:27.000
which are neither affricate nor fricative.

16:27.000 --> 16:33.000
In other words,the first value you learned for the letter i,the sound e, is the basic value.

16:33.000 --> 16:38.000
The values after the r position consonants and the s position consonants are exceptions.

16:38.000 --> 16:44.000
By the way,in exercise 6 we use two fake surnames,which we mark with asterisks.

16:44.000 --> 16:50.000
There are such syllables in the language,and they just might be used as abbreviations of foreign surnames.

16:50.000 --> 16:54.000
Now,read and repeat the names in exercise 6.

16:54.000 --> 17:22.000
1 痴 2 痴 3 痴 4 日 5 期 6

17:22.000 --> 17:51.000
7 痴 7 痴 8 痴 9 理 10 痴 11 痴 12

17:51.000 --> 18:18.000
痴 13 期 14 痴 15 痴 16 米 17 痴

18:18.000 --> 18:47.000
痴 18 痴 19 痴 20 理 21 日 22 死 23

18:47.000 --> 19:02.000
痴 24 痴 25 米

19:02.000 --> 19:08.000
Exercise 7 is a dictation exercise,which mixes up the fricatives with the affricates.

19:08.000 --> 19:32.000
Fill in the blanks and repeat as you do so.

19:32.000 --> 19:59.000
張 zh 5 香 x 6 桑 c 7 桑 s 8 桑

19:59.000 --> 20:01.000
腰

20:01.000 --> 20:05.000
CH9

20:05.000 --> 20:08.000
脚

20:08.000 --> 20:11.000
J10

20:11.000 --> 20:15.000
墙

20:15.000 --> 20:18.000
Q11

20:18.000 --> 20:21.000
伤

20:21.000 --> 20:25.000
SH12

20:25.000 --> 20:28.000
脏

20:28.000 --> 20:31.000
Z

20:31.000 --> 20:33.000
8

20:33.000 --> 20:35.000
Vol

20:35.000 --> 20:37.000
I

20:37.000 --> 20:39.000
Vol

20:39.000 --> 20:41.000
U

20:41.000 --> 20:43.000
Z

20:43.000 --> 20:55.000
I

20:55.000 --> 20:57.000
2

20:57.000 --> 21:00.000
Z

21:00.000 --> 21:02.000
U

21:02.000 --> 21:04.000
3

21:04.000 --> 21:07.000
7

21:07.000 --> 21:09.000
I

21:09.000 --> 21:11.000
4

21:11.000 --> 21:14.000
車

21:14.000 --> 21:19.000
E5

21:19.000 --> 21:23.000
SH

21:23.000 --> 21:25.000
I6

21:25.000 --> 21:28.000
JU

21:28.000 --> 21:31.000
U7

21:31.000 --> 21:34.000
Li

21:34.000 --> 21:37.000
I8

21:37.000 --> 21:41.000
車

21:41.000 --> 21:44.000
E9

21:44.000 --> 21:48.000
Z

21:48.000 --> 21:50.000
I10

21:50.000 --> 21:53.000
ZU

21:53.000 --> 21:55.000
U11

21:55.000 --> 21:58.000
吃

21:58.000 --> 22:01.000
I12

22:01.000 --> 22:04.000
吃

22:04.000 --> 22:07.000
I13

22:07.000 --> 22:10.000
足

22:10.000 --> 22:13.000
U14

22:13.000 --> 22:16.000
E

22:16.000 --> 22:20.000
I15

22:20.000 --> 22:22.000
V

22:22.000 --> 22:45.000
I

22:45.000 --> 22:54.000
17

22:54.000 --> 22:53.000
J15

22:53.000 --> 22:55.000
Z

22:55.000 --> 22:57.000
11

22:57.000 --> 22:59.000
J15

22:59.000 --> 23:01.000
J16

23:01.000 --> 23:01.000
J17

23:01.000 --> 23:04.000
J17

23:04.000 --> 23:04.500
J17

23:04.500 --> 23:05.000
J17

23:05.000 --> 23:06.000
J17

23:06.000 --> 23:07.000
J17

23:07.000 --> 23:08.000
J17

23:08.000 --> 23:10.000
J17

23:10.000 --> 23:11.000
J17

23:11.000 --> 23:12.000
J17

23:12.000 --> 23:13.000
J18

23:13.000 --> 23:14.000
J18