Table of Contents
- Preface
- Introduction
- Fast tapes
- 1. Lesson 1
- 2. Lesson 2
- Добро пожаловать в Россию! Welcome to Russia!
- Россия и карта мира.
- Упражнение №1.
- Упражнение №2.
- Упражнение №3.
- Упражнение №4.
- Упражнение №5.
- Упражнение №6.
- Упражнение №7.
- Упражнение №8: какой?
- Упражнение №9: что это?
- Упражнение №10: где? Вот.
- Упражнение №11.
- Упражнение №12.
- Упражнение №13.
- Климат России. Погода.
- Упражнение №14.
- Россия и Ближнее Зарубежье. Russia and the Newly Independent States of Eurasia
- Упражнение №15.
- Упражнение №16.
- Упражнение №17.
- Упражнение №18.
- Упражнение №19.
- Упражнение №20.
- Упражнение №21.
- In case you were wondering
- Useful words and expressions
- 3. Lesson 3
- Давайте познакомимся!
- Russian names
- When to use Вы and Ты
- Addressing friends and acquaintances in Russian
- Examples of names and patronymics
- Getting someone's attention/Addressing strangers
- Setting the scene
- Упражнения
- Beyond "how do you do?"
- In case you were wondering
- The Russian intonation system
- Useful words and expressions
- 4. Lesson 4
- 5. Lesson 5
- 6. Lesson 6
- Где вы живёте?
- Setting the scene
- Диалог №1
- Вариант диалога №1
- Диалог №2
- Вариант диалога №2
- Упражнение №1.
- Упражнение №2.
- Упражнение №3.
- Упражнение №4.
- Упражнение №5.
- Упражнение №6.
- Упражнение №7.
- Упражнение №8.
- Упражнение №9.
- Упражнение №10.
- Упражнение №11.
- Упражнение №12.
- Упражнение №13.
- Упражнение №14.
- Упражнение №15.
- Упражнение №16.
- Упражнение №17.
- Listening Comprehension Exercise
- In case you were wondering
- Useful words and expressions
- Numbers
- 7. Lesson 7
- Мы идём в магазин!
- В магазине
- Setting the scene
- Beyond matryoshka
- Сколько? сколько стоит?
- Мы идём на рынок!
- На рынке
- Setting the scene
- Beyond apples and oranges
- Setting the scene
- Setting the scene
- What's going on?
- Numbers from 100-1000
- Setting the scene
- Whats going on?
- Beyond samovars
- Listening Comprehension Exercise
- In case you were wondering
- Personal Pronouns
- Useful words and expressions
- Numbers
- Colors
- 8. Lesson 8
- 9. Lesson 9
- 10. Lesson 10
- 11. Lesson 11
- Телефон
- «У меня зазвонил телефон...»
- What to say when you are calling
- What to say when you are answering the phone
- What to do in case of a wrong number
- What to do in case of a bad connection
- Saying good-bye
- Упражнение №1.
- Упражнение №2.
- Упражнение №3.
- Диалог №1
- Упражнение №4.
- Упражнение №5.
- Диалог №2
- Упражнение №6.
- Упражнение №7.
- Диалог №3
- Вариант диалога №3
- Упражнение № 8.
- Упражнение №9.
- Упражнение №10.
- Упражнение №11.
- Упражнение № 12.
- Диалог №4
- Вариант диалога №4
- Диалог №5
- Вариант диалога №5
- Упражнение №13.
- Упражнение №14.
- Диалог №6
- Упражнение №15.
- Упражнение №16.
- Упражнение №17.
- Упражнение №18.
- Диалог №7
- Упражнение № 19.
- Упражнение № 20.
- Setting the scene
- Review the months of the year in Russian. (The forms in parentheses are the GENITIVE CASE.)
- Setting the scene
- Setting the scene
- Setting the scene
- Review dialogs
- Listening Comprehension Exercise
- Useful words and expressions
- End!
List of Figures
- 5.1. 0175-4.png
List of Tables
- 1. TAPE 1-2 Contains Lessons 1 - 4
- 2. TAPE 3-4 Contains Lessons 5-7
- 3. TAPE 5-6 Contains Lessons 8-10
- 4. TAPE 7 - 8 Contains Lessons 10-11
- 1.1. Русский алфавит
- 1.2. The following table shows the Russian alphabet with approximate phonetic equivalents. Keep it handy as a reference.
- 2.1. Useful words and expressions
- 4.1. Кроссворд
The Russian FAST course first appeared at FSI more than 15 years ago, and it has been growing and changing ever since. The current edition owes its existence to many individuals, all of whom we would like to thank. While time and space do not permit us to thank them all individually, we would like to bring special attention to the efforts of the following:
Without the computer skills and language teaching expertise of Language and Culture Instructor Garegin Petrosian, this book would not exist today. Thanks are also owed to Linda Coble and the staff in OMIS who responded, generously and promptly, to every request for software, as well as hardware.
Tatiana Hassan, Natasha Lord, Olga Shishkevish and many other Language and Culture instructors in the Russian Section make up the team which brought the first, and then later versions of the FAST course to our students. We are grateful to them all for their hard work and dedication. Special thanks are due Tatiana Hassan who has been the driving force behind the current FAST course and this latest version of the book.
Without the efforts of Lawrence Williams and David Coy in Multi-Media Operations we could not have produced the tapes which accompany this book. Thanks also go to those instructors in the Russian Section who lent their voices.
Thanks are also owed to all the Language and Culture Instructors in the Russian Section who gave so freely of their time to proofread, correct and suggest improvements to this book.
Our work on the FAST course has always enjoyed the support of our administration. We owe a special debt of gratitude to Dr. James Snow, Chair of NEE, Dr. David Argoff and Gary Crawford, Associate Deans of the School of Language Studies at FSI.
Finally, and most importantly, we are grateful to our students, who have so patiently helped us test these materials and who have so generously shared their comments. We have benefited greatly by their experiences, and we hope that our future students will do so as well.
Maureen Riley
Language Training Supervisor
Russian Language Section
September, 1995
![[Note]](file:/opt/bin/Xml/Oxygen%20XML%20Editor%2021/frameworks/docbook/css/img/note.png) | Note |
|---|---|
This course was formatted by Eric Streit (eric@yojik.eu) using the docbook format from the pdf scanned documents found on: http://fsi-language-courses.org/Content.php . The Russian part was checked by Gulnara Streit (my wife). You can find the pdf, epub versions on http://www.yojik.eu/ . (whole book or separate lessons) Version: 25 April 2011 |
ДОБРО́ ПОЖАЛОВАТЬ В РУССКИЙ ОТДЕЛ!
WELCOME TO THE RUSSIAN F.A.S.T. COURSE!
Welcome to the Russian F.A.S.T. course! We're glad you're going to be with us for the next 8 weeks, and we'd like to do everything we can to make this time both enjoyable and profitable for you. You may be wondering just what we have in store for you, and what you may expect to accomplish in the time you have. So, without further ado...
F.A.S.T. COURSE OBJECTIVES
The F.A.S.T (Familiarization And Short Term) course is designed to prepare students for life in Russia (and the Newly Independent States of the Former Soviet Union) by giving them the necessary basic skills in the language. We want you to leave here with the ability to face, without hesitation, any number of situations you will encounter in day-to-day life in those cities where you will live, work and visit. Some of the skills we will help you to acquire include the following:
The ability to ask simple questions pertaining to your daily practical needs. You will need to know HOW to get something done, HOW to elicit necessary information.
The ability to understand key words in the answers to your questions. You will learn to use those key words in your own speech.
The ability to work with numbers (as used in prices, phone numbers, addresses, etc.), especially the larger numbers which are in use today: 1,000 and above. Most importantly, you will learn to recognize and understand these numbers when you encounter them, either in written or in spoken form. You will also be able to produce simple number combinations of your own (your address, your telephone number, etc.)
The ability to read and understand street signs, signs in the metro and other forms of transportation, in stores, hotels, etc. You will be able to read and decipher such things as concert/theater programs, menus, instructions for guests in hotels, rules for using public transport, hours of operation of various establishments, etc.
You will become familiar with the telephone and be able to handle many types of different calls.
The ability to introduce yourself, and others when necessary; to appropriately greet people and to distinguish between different levels of formality and informality in the language. You will be able to speak about yourself, your family, your interests and work and be able to ask your friends and colleagues the same.
Finally, you will become familiar with Russia (and other NIS countries, whenever possible), its geography, history, politics, art and literature.
The F.A.S.T. course, and this textbook, have been designed to familiarize you with the Russian language and Russian culture in their broadest contexts. You should not expect to receive a formal presentation of the grammar and structure of the language. You WILL learn some grammar, but only that which it is necessary for you to know in order to perform a given task. There are simple grammar notes contained in each lesson, but if you are a student who wishes to learn more about the theoretical aspect of Russian grammar, you may find the purchase of Brian Kemple's Essential Russian Grammar helpful.
The course will emphasize more the development of good, oral skills and aural comprehension and less so the development of an ability to read and write in Russian. However, skills such as being able to read signs and to write down names, addresses and/or phone numbers will be essential for you to acquire. With the help of the book and your instructors, you will accomplish that.
All that remains to be said is that, while we are here to teach you the basics of Russian, you must realize that only you can learn them. No single textbook or instructor will be sufficient without a certain effort on your part. You will rarely be asked to do homework assignments, but you should plan on doing work outside the classroom. We have audio tapes to accompany each lesson, and the Multi-Media Center has some computer-assisted Russian language materials. All this together can combine to make your F.A.S.T. course experience the best one possible.
УДАЧИ ВАМ!
GOOD LUCK!
Table 1. TAPE 1-2 Contains Lessons 1 - 4
| Side A: | Lesson 1: Alphabet (pg. 37) Russian Phonetics (pg. 40) Spelling and Pronunciation |
| Side B: | Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Table of Intonation Constructions Lesson 4 |
Table of Contents
Table 1.1. Русский алфавит
| А а | Р р |
| Б б | С с |
| В в | Т т |
| Г г | У у |
| Д д | Ф ф |
| Е е | Х х |
| Ё ё | Ц ц |
| Ж ж | Ч ч |
| З з | Ш ш |
| И и | Щ щ |
| И й | ъ |
| К к | ы |
| Л л | ь |
| М м | Э э |
| Н н | Ю ю |
| О о | Я я |
| П п |
The Russian alphabet "Cyrillic" is named in honor of St. Cyril, a Greek missionary who brought the written word to the Slavs in the 9th century. This alphabet, as it exists today, consists of 33 letters/symbols: 10 vowel symbols, 20 consonants, 1 semi-vowel and 2 symbols with no sound value.
The following is a presentation of the Cyrillic alphabet "Кириллица". It consists of letters/symbols which:
resemble Latin letters and represent approximately the same sounds.
МАМА мама КОМЕТА комета КОТ кот Practice reading the following words:
Какао Мокко Том Мекка resemble Latin letters, but represent different sounds:
Р р represents a trilled or "flapped" r. (Compare it to the double t sound in "letter" or the double d sound in "ladder".) У у is a vowel which represents the long vowel sound oo. С с represents the sound s. В в represents the sound v. 
КАССА МЕТРО ТРАКТОР 
КАКТУС МОСКВА Practice reading the following words:
метр курс масса квота мотор текст торт маска квас арка аорта карта акт автор космос театр аромат сорт самовар автомат Н н represents the sound n. 
НОТА ТАНК Practice reading the following words:
сенатор нерв нос ветеран ресторан манера момент норма номер ресторан ванна нато look different from Latin letters altogether.
И и is a vowel which represents the long vowel sound ее. 
киоск вино Practice reading the following words:
рис риск министр система три рим минимум квартира виски артист артистка инструмент вино кино минута университет нина минск интерес математика Л л represents the sound I. 
СТУЛ ЛИМОН Practice reading the following words:
климат литр луна мали миллион лирика металл план реклама лексика литература лист минерал туалет молекула молоко Д д represents the sound d. 
РАДИО ДОКТОР ДОМ Practice reading the following words:
мода диван драма кандидат директор диск лондон документ стадион дата канада демократ диктант метод дракон код Б represents the sound b. 
БАНАН БИЛЕТ Practice reading the following words:
банк бостон бокс букет бланк бар бас балет блин брат борис барон П п represents the sound p. 
ЛАМПА ПАСПОРТ ПОРТРЕТ Practice reading the following words:
пресса план патриот парламент темп стоп протест пианист проект стоп депутат транспорт опера пакет плакат практика парк импорт диплом дипломат спорт парад публика политика ы represents a vowel sound which does not exist in English. This letter will never begin a word and is often used to form the plural of nouns. 
РЫБА Practice reading the following words:
ты мыло кассы вы курсы планы мы туристы лампы атомы рыба блины сын студенты плакаты Г г represents the sound g. 
ТИГР ГИТАРА 
КОНГРЕСС ПЕНТАГОН Practice reading the following words:
волга грамм орган винегрет гранит магнит гамма гол аргумент агроном агрессор генерал группа сигнал прогресс грот грамматика килограмм З з represents the sound z. 
ГАЗЕТА РОЗА ЗЕБРА Practice reading the following words:
магазин база зенит зона президент ваза зоолог виза патриотизм визит муза музыка Ф ф represents the sound f. 
КАФЕ МИКРОФОН ТЕЛЕФОН Practice reading the following words:
миф буфет фонд фрукты финал кофе фосфор фонтан фирма фронт фен финансы африка фото флаг профессор ферма физика факт феномен форма фраза фигура футбол Ж ж represents the zh sound, similar to the V in measure. 
ЖИРАФ ЖУРНАЛ Practice reading the following words:
жена жаргон желе жест пирожок жакет журналист жанр И и is a semi-vowel which represents the sound of "y" as in York. 
ПЛАНЕТАРИИ МУЗЕИ Practice reading the following words:
йог мавзолей йод герой йота перестройка трамвай бойкот X х represents the sound of the j in the English pronunciation of junta. The best way to make this sound is to get your tongue in the position for the к sound, and then simply exhale. 
ХОККЕЙ Practice reading the following words:
хроника химик хулиган хаки храм хаос характер сахаров хунта техник хамелеон механик Ч ч represents the sound of "ch", as in cheese. 
ЧЕК ЧЕМПИОН Practice reading the following words:
чай сочи чайковский матч чикаго ростропович дача чехов иванович Ц ц represents the sound of the "ts" combination as in the word bets. 
ЦИРК ПИЦЦА Practice reading the following words:
медицина цемент цитата солженицын концерт процесс дисциплина принцип цензура специалист центр цент цилиндр цинк цикл Ш ш represents the "six" sound similar to that of the "s" in sugar. 
ШОКОЛА́Д Practice reading the following words:
штат шрифт машина шарф шеф штамп каша шуба марш шимпанзе финиш школа Щ щ looks like the letter above, except for its little tail. It represents a sound similar to the combination shch, as in fresh cheese or the sti combination in the word question. Practice reading the following words:
щелкунчик щека борщ щенок щи щит Э э is a vowel which represents the sound of "e" as in bet. This letter often begins words in Russian and is only rarely found within a word. 
ЭСКАЛАТОР ЭЛЕКТРОН Practice reading the following words:
эра экспресс эксперимент поэт аэрофлот этика элита экзамен энтузиазм эгоист эхо электрик экватор экспорт экономист Я я is a vowel which has two pronunciations in Russian. Я at the beginning of a word or as the second vowel in a vowel cluster is pronounced ya.
At the beginning of a word:
ЯХТА Practice reading the following words:
як яд ярд яма ялта янки яков ярус ярмарка In a vowel cluster:
БАТАРЕЯ Practice reading the following words:
мария операция лаборатория партия комедия коллекция линия теория территория армия религия позиция копия экскурсия экспедиция категория комиссия полиция профессия галерея миссия After a consonant this letter indicates that the consonant is palatalized, i.e. It is pronounced with the middle portion of the tongue raised towards the roof of the mouth. Я then represents the vowel a.
ВАНЯ Practice reading the following words:
няня таня боря ляля коля баня дядя галя
Ю ю is a vowel which has two pronunciations in Russian. Ю at the beginning of a word or as the second vowel in a vowel cluster is pronounced yoo.
At the beginning of a word:
юг юрта юрий юмор юрист ювелир юноша юбилей юстиция In a vowel cluster:
каюта союз After a consonant this letter indicates that the consonant is palatalized, i.e. It is pronounced with the middle portion of the tongue raised towards the roof of the mouth. Ю then represents the vowel y.
РЮКЗАК Practice reading the following words:
нюанс бюджет пюре бюро бюрократ дюна меню утюг люкс бюст сюжет костюм
Е е a vowel, like Я and Ю also has two pronunciations. In printed texts other than textbooks the two dots are not indicated. You must be told when to pronounce ё (which is always stressed) and when to pronounce e. E at the beginning of a word or as the second vowel in a vowel cluster is pronounced yo.
At the beginning of a word:
ЁЛКА ёж
in a vowel cluster:
моё
твоё
её
After a consonant it indicates that the consonant is palatalized, i.e. It is pronounced with the middle portion of the tongue raised towards the roof of the mouth. Ё then represents the vowel o.
ШОФЕР тётя манёвр берёза зелёный сестры лёд свёкла мёд сёмга счёт
Ь The symbol ь has no sound value. It indicates that the preceding consonant is palatalized. It is most often found at the end of Russian words and signals that these words are pronounced with the final consonant palatalized ("softened"). For this reason it is referred to as the "soft sign". 
МЕДАЛЬ АВТОМОБИЛЬ Practice reading the following words:
мать декабрь апрель соль конь князь портфель ночь отель календарь дробь царь ноль секретарь модель фильм сеть пять бульвар кремль Ъ The symbol ъ also has no sound value. It is found within words and is used to separate the prefix from the root of the word when the prefix ends in a consonant and the root of the word begins with one of the following vowels: Я, Ю, E, E. Practice reading the following words:
объезд подъём подъезд объект съезд въезд субъект объём
Read through the following list of places you might want to visit.
| касса | кино |
| театр | стадион |
| школа | цирк |
| Москва | магазин |
| ресторан | Кремль |
| парк | мавзолей |
| университет | ферма |
| зоопарк | банк |
| музей | галерея |
| планетарий | буфет |
| бар | храм |
| выставка | Ялта |
| Россия | консерватория |
Draw a line between the words which are logically related to each other.
| футбол | толстой |
| меню | стадион |
| зоопарк | фильм |
| кино | ресторан |
| "Анна Каренина" | медицина |
| литр | бензин |
| кафе | жираф |
| газета | университет |
| оркестр | ферма |
| касса | концерт |
| гастроном | стюардесса |
| аэрофлот | билет |
| доктор | кофе |
| студент | правда |
| трактор | магазин |
Unscramble the following words. Use the answers below for help.
| юмне | |
| нмдиоа | |
| aсack | |
| еофк | |
| толфэаро | |
| тбуеф | |
| иреениусвтт | |
| amoвck | |
| ягаелре | |
| рсотппа | |
| ральбву |
Answers:
касса, Москва, паспорт, кофе, университет, галерея, меню, буфет, Динамо, аэрофлот, бульвар.
Make as many Russian words as you can using each letter only once. Start each word with one of the capitalized letters.
КефютроФобфоБоСзлоФоуют
Ф
---К
---Ф
---Б
---С
---
In order to speak Russian well, you must become fully acquainted with the phonetics of the language. The task is both a simple and a difficult one as you have already seen, now that you know the alphabet well. In this lesson we will work on the basics of Russian pronunciation; specifically on the distinctions between "soft" {palatalized) consonants and "hard" ones {non- palatalized); how these differences are indicated in the orthography (writing system) and how they are manifested in the actual pronunciation of words.
"Hard" and "soft" consonants. When we say that Russian has 20 consonants, we are referring only to the 20 consonant symbols in the alphabet. In reality, Russian has nearly twice that number of consonant sounds due to something called "palatalization", or "softening". All this means is that certain consonants can be slightly modified by arching your tongue and moving it forward, towards the hard palate area (that ridge on the roof of your mouth where your upper teeth fit in) while making the consonant sound. The effect is to make the sound "softer" and, in terms of pitch, slightly higher. The best mechanism for a good, palatalized consonant sound is to SMILE while pronouncing. Try it ~ it really works! Now you know how to make the sound. But how will you know when! Consonants which can be palatalized (all of them EXCEPT ж, ш and ц) will be pronounced palatalized when you see them followed by:
- the "soft sign" ь (usually at the end of a word)
OR:
-one of these vowel symbols: я, е, ё, ю, и (called "indicator" vowels)
The function of these vowel symbols is to indicate that the preceding consonant is pronounced in its "soft" variant. The consonant is then followed by the vowel sound: а, э, о, у or ы.
When any of the consonants listed above has no "soft sign" following it, or is followed by one of these vowel symbols: а, э, о, у, ы, that consonant will be pronounced in its "hard" variant (no smiling allowed!).
KEEP IN MIND: Ч and Щ are always SOFT, no matter which vowel symbol follows them. Ж, Ш and Ц are always HARD, even if they are followed by a "soft sign" or one of the "indicator" vowel symbols.
Listen carefully as your instructor reads the following pairs aloud. Try to detect the (subtle) difference between the "hard" consonant sound (the first in the pair) and the "soft" consonant sound. Notice also the differences in the orthography.
| 6a - бя | бэ - бе | бо - бё | бу - бю | бы - би |
| па - пя | пэ - пе | по - пё | пу - пю | пы - пи |
| ва - вя | вэ - ве | во — вё | ву - вю | вы - ви |
| фа - фя | фэ - фе | фо - фё | фу - фю | фы — фи |
| да - дя | дэ - де | до - дё | ду - дю | ды - ди |
| та - тя | тэ - те | то - те | ту - тю | ты - ти |
| за - зя | зэ - зе | зо - зё | зу - зю | зы - зи |
| са - ся | сэ - се | со - сё | су - сю | сы - си |
| ла - ля | лэ - ле | ло - лё | лу - лю | лы - ли |
| ма - мя | мэ - ме | мо - мё | му - мю | мы - ми |
| на - ня | нэ - не | но - не | ну - ню | ны - ни |
Listen carefully as your instructor reads the following words aloud. Pay close attention to the differences between the "soft" consonants (look for the vowels я, е, ё, ю and и or the "soft sign" ь) and the "hard" ones.
| масса - мясо | папа - пять | аша - няня |
| мыло - Мила | был - бил | мама - мята |
| виски - выставка | сын - синий | дата - дядя |
| пыль - пил | лук - люк | Волга - Ольга |
| рысь - рис | пар - царь | стол - столько |
| брат - брать | нос - нёс | Дон - день |
| кафе - Федя | мэр - мера | ты - тигр |
In an ideal world, words will be pronounced just as they are written. However, since we do not live in an ideal world, we see that the pronunciation of certain words does not always correspond to their written representation. This is true not only in Russian, but in numerous other languages as well, including English. For example: the о in women is pronounced as i; the initial w is not pronounced in write, and the t in action is pronounced as sh.
Russian has a specific set of rules which govern those instances where spelling and pronunciation differ, and if you can master these rules, you will be well on your way to acquiring good pronunciation skills in Russian.
| REMEMBER: |
|
In Russian, the vowels о and a are pronounced as о and a only when they are stressed. Look at the following words and note the syllable which is stressed. Listen as your instructor reads these words aloud and repeat after him/her. You'll also find this exercise on the tape for this lesson.
торт вино лимон патриот бюро сорт норма жаргон Волга кино зона метро киоск кофе номер In Russian, the vowels о and a are pronounced as о and a only when they are stressed. Look at the following words and note the syllable which is stressed. Listen as your instructor reads these words aloud and repeat after him/her. You'll also find this exercise on the tape for this lesson. Now listen and repeat:
Москва концерт канал аванс поэт комета Канада абсурд роман газета Пентагон аорта хоккей балет дипломат оркестр протест туалет аэропорт океан Толстой банан агроном омега In all other unstressed syllables both vowels о and а are pronounced like the short, indistinct "a" in tuna. Look at the following words and note the syllable which is stressed. Now listen and repeat:
паспорт маска трактор гамма атом дача доктор самовар фото стадион экспорт Динамо Лондон молоко хроника каша климат машина
In Russian the vowels e and я are given full pronunciation only when they are stressed. Listen as your instructor reads the following words then repeat after him/her. You'll also find this exercise on the tape for this lesson.
комета директор буфет пять яхта тема билет портфель яблоко семья текст Чехов ферма ребята Ялта When unstressed these vowels are pronounced as a short i. Listen as your instructor reads the following words then repeat after him/her. You'll also find this exercise on the tape for this lesson.
телефон театр декабрь берёза язык ресторан винегрет планетарий японец январь номер календарь галерея японка яйцо
Read the following words:
А
Кентукки Гавайи Джорджия Невада Луизиана Делавэр Миннесота Арканзас Иллинойс Вирджиния Миссури Вайоминг Пенсильвания Мэриленд Алабама Калифорния Небраска Теннесси Нью-Гемпшир Монтана Висконсин Нью-Мексико Нью-Йорк Колорадо Миссиссипи Индиана Флорида Коннектикут Аризона Мичиган Вашингтон Род-Айленд Аляска Северная Каролина Массачусетс Южная Дакота Южная Каролина Техас Северная Дакота Западная Вирджиния Оклахома Огайо Вермонт Айдахо Мэн Нью-Джерси Юта Канзас Орегон Айова Б
Юкон Саскачеван Британская Колумбия Альберта Нью-Брансуик Новая Шотландия Квебек Манитоба Остров Принс-Эдуард Онтарио Ньюфаундленд Северо-Западные территории
Read through the list and circle the thirteen original states of the U.S.
| Кентукки | Гавайи | Джорджия |
| Невада | Луизиана | Делавэр |
| Миннесота | Арканзас | Иллинойс |
| Вирджиния | Миссури | Вайоминг |
| Пенсильвания | Мэриленд | Алабама |
| Калифорния | Небраска | Теннесси |
| Нью-Гемпшир | Монтана | Висконсин |
| Нью-Мексико | Нью-Йорк | Колорадо |
| Миссиссипи | Индиана | Флорида |
| Коннектикут | Аризона | Мичиган |
| Вашингтон | Род-Айленд | Аляска |
| Северная Каролина | Массачусетс | Южная Дакота |
| Южная Каролина | Техас | Северная Дакота |
| Западная Вирджиния | Оклахома | Огайо |
| Вермонт | Айдахо | Мэн |
| Нью-Джерси | Юта | Канзас |
| Орегон | Айова |
Read through this list of American cities and alphabetize them in the spaces provided.
| Лос-Анджелес | ________________________________ |
| Балтимор | ________________________________ |
| Сиэтл | ________________________________ |
| Атланта | ________________________________ |
| Мемфис | ________________________________ |
| Кливленд | ________________________________ |
| Чикаго | ________________________________ |
| Филадельфия | ________________________________ |
| Детройт | ________________________________ |
| Буффало | ________________________________ |
| Питтсбург | ________________________________ |
| Даллас | ________________________________ |
| Хьюстон | ________________________________ |
| Миннеаполис | ________________________________ |
| Нью-Йорк | ________________________________ |
| Майами | ________________________________ |
| Лас-Вегас | ________________________________ |
| Сан-Франциско | ________________________________ |
| Бостон | ________________________________ |
| Цинциннати | ________________________________ |
А
Below are 2 columns of words. Your instructor will read aloud one word at a time. Find that word and give its number.
1 артист 6 идеалист 2 адмирал 7 анализ 3 концерт 8 соната 4 система 9 конституция 5 контракт 10 контакт Б
On the numbered lines below, write down, in the order they are read, the words your instructor will dictate from the list above.
1 ______________________ 6 ______________________ 2 ______________________ 7 ______________________ 3 ______________________ 8 ______________________ 4 ______________________ 9 ______________________ 5 ______________________ 10 ______________________
А
Below are 2 columns of words. Your instructor will read aloud one word at a time. Find that word and give its number.
1 алгебра 6 акцент 2 гондола 7 генерал 3 вето 8 депо 4 аргумент 9 агент 5 эра 10 арка Б
On the numbered lines below, write down, in the order they are read, the words your instructor will dictate from the list above.
1 ______________________ 6 ______________________ 2 ______________________ 7 ______________________ 3 ______________________ 8 ______________________ 4 ______________________ 9 ______________________ 5 ______________________ 10 ______________________
А
Below are 2 columns of words. Your instructor will read aloud one word at a time. Find that word and give its number.
1 полиция 6 позиция 2 инстанция 7 дистанция 3 юстиция 8 конструкция 4 фаза 9 фраза 5 балласт 10 акт Б
On the numbered lines below, write down, in the order they are read, the words your instructor will dictate from the list above.
1 ______________________ 6 ______________________ 2 ______________________ 7 ______________________ 3 ______________________ 8 ______________________ 4 ______________________ 9 ______________________ 5 ______________________ 10 ______________________
А
Below are 2 columns of words. Your instructor will read aloud one word at a time. Find that word and give its number.
1 сенатор 6 кентавр 2 лидер 7 лайнер 3 канал 8 капитал 4 цемент 9 семинар 5 инцидент 10 инструмент Б
On the numbered lines below, write down, in the order they are read, the words your instructor will dictate from the list above.
1 ______________________ 6 ______________________ 2 ______________________ 7 ______________________ 3 ______________________ 8 ______________________ 4 ______________________ 9 ______________________ 5 ______________________ 10 ______________________
Match the "isms" in the first column to the "ists" in the second column.
А
коммунизм капиталист капитализм материалист оптимизм пессимист антагонизм антагонист пессимизм атеист материализм коммунист атеизм турист туризм социалист социализм оптимист Б
индивидуализм террорист идеализм марксист терроризм футурист марксизм индивидуалист расизм расист кубизм импрессионист футуризм кубист эгоизм идеалист импрессионизм эгоист
Read through the following list of people. In the space provided below sort them according to their country.
| Вашингтон | Шекспир | Толстой | Пушкин |
| Линкольн | Твен | Дарвин | Пастер |
| Ньютон | Бальзак | Черчилль | Кюри |
| Менделеев | Эдисон | Достоевский | Гюго |
америка
англия
россия
франция
Read through the following list of people. In the space provided below sort them according to their professions.
| Чайковский | Тициан | Эйнштейн | Фолкнер |
| Бетховен | Рафаэль | Гершвин | Маркони |
| Чехов | Байрон | Галлилей | Шопен |
| Коперник | Сартр | Ван-Гог | Рубенс |
художники
писатели
ученые
композиторы
Alphabetize the professions and occupations given below.
| артист | _________________________ |
| доктор | _________________________ |
| инженер | _________________________ |
| директор | _________________________ |
| балерина | _________________________ |
| журналист | _________________________ |
| лингвист | _________________________ |
| корреспондент | _________________________ |
| механик | _________________________ |
| клоун | _________________________ |
| агроном | _________________________ |
| кассир | _________________________ |
| архитектор | _________________________ |
| шофёр | _________________________ |
| фотограф | _________________________ |
| профессор | _________________________ |
| адвокат | _________________________ |
| студент | _________________________ |
| атлет | _________________________ |
| музыкант | _________________________ |
| дипломат | _________________________ |
Read through the following list. In the space provided below sort the words according to the categories indicated.
| посол | хоккеист | студент |
| терапевт | дипломат | музыкант |
| атташе | балерина | кардиолог |
| актёр | консул | атлет |
| футболист | актриса | декан |
| спортсмен | ректор | профессор |
| педиатр | министр | доктор |
| президент | депутат | вице-президент |
Кремль
стадион
театр
университет
больница
посольство
Read through the following list. In the space provided below sort the words according to the categories indicated.
| ресторан | вокзал | институт |
| амбулатория | буфет | университет |
| бульвар | порт | лаборатория |
| парк | кафе | поликлиника |
| курсы | сквер | госпиталь |
| станция | кафетерий | школа |
| проспект | театр | аэропорт |
| кинотеатр | музей | филармония |
eating out
entertainment
medicine
transportation
education
places in the city
So far, you have been dealing with Russian in its printed form. However, once in Russia you will frequently encounter letters, documents and materials which are in script or written out in longhand. You will also quickly discover that Russians, unlike Americans, will rarely print when writing by hand. Practice writing Russian script.
| А а |  | _________________________ |
| Б б |  | _________________________ |
| В в |  | _________________________ |
| Г г |  | _________________________ |
| Д д |  | _________________________ |
| Е е |  | _________________________ |
| Ё ё |  | _________________________ |
| Ж ж |  | _________________________ |
| З з |  | _________________________ |
| И и |  | _________________________ |
| Й й |  | _________________________ |
| К к |  | _________________________ |
| Л л |  | _________________________ |
| М м |  | _________________________ |
| Н н |  | _________________________ |
| О о |  | _________________________ |
| П п |  | _________________________ |
| Р р |  | _________________________ |
| С с |  | _________________________ |
| Т т |  | _________________________ |
| У у |  | _________________________ |
| Ф ф |  | _________________________ |
| Х х |  | _________________________ |
| Ц ц |  | _________________________ |
| Ч ч |  | _________________________ |
| Ш ш |  | _________________________ |
| Щ щ |  | _________________________ |
| Ъ |  | _________________________ |
| ы |  | _________________________ |
| ь |  | _________________________ |
| Э э |  | _________________________ |
| Ю ю |  | _________________________ |
| Я я |  | _________________________ |
Table 1.2. The following table shows the Russian alphabet with approximate phonetic equivalents. Keep it handy as a reference.
| Aa | a as in father | Рp | trilled, flapped r |
| Б6 | b as in boat | Cc | s as in sew |
| Bb | v as in vote | Tt | t as in top |
| Гг | g as in goat | Уу | oo as in food |
| Дд | d as in dog | Фф | f as in foot |
| Сc | ye as in yet | Xx | j as in junta |
| Её | yo as in yo-yo | Цц | ts as in lets |
| Жж | s as in measure | Чч | ch as in chair |
| Зз | z as in zoo | Шш | sh as in show |
| Ии | ее as in mee | Щщ | sti as in question |
| Ий | у as in boy | ъ | hard sign |
| Кк | k as in kite | ы | short i as in milk |
| Лл | 1 as in loan | ь | soft sign |
| Мм | m as in mop | Ээ | e as in let |
| Нн | n as in no | Юю | as you |
| Оо | о as in know | Яя | ya as in yard |
| Пп | p as in rope |
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Table of Contents
- Добро пожаловать в Россию! Welcome to Russia!
- Россия и карта мира.
- Упражнение №1.
- Упражнение №2.
- Упражнение №3.
- Упражнение №4.
- Упражнение №5.
- Упражнение №6.
- Упражнение №7.
- Упражнение №8: какой?
- Упражнение №9: что это?
- Упражнение №10: где? Вот.
- Упражнение №11.
- Упражнение №12.
- Упражнение №13.
- Климат России. Погода.
- Упражнение №14.
- Россия и Ближнее Зарубежье. Russia and the Newly Independent States of Eurasia
- Упражнение №15.
- Упражнение №16.
- Упражнение №17.
- Упражнение №18.
- Упражнение №19.
- Упражнение №20.
- Упражнение №21.
- In case you were wondering
- Useful words and expressions
| Lesson №2 |
| GEOGRAPHY |
| УРОК № 2 |
 |
Россия Russia covers more than 6.5 million square miles or, roughly speaking, an area more than TWICE the size of the United States. The Ural Mountains divide the country into a European (western) half and an Asian (eastern) half.
Россия Russia covers more than 6.5 million square miles or, roughly speaking, an area more than TWICE the size of the United States. The Ural Mountains divide the country into a European (western) half and an Asian (eastern) half.
To the west, Russia shares borders with Belarus, Ukraine, Latvia and Estonia. Southern Russia extends to the Caucasus Mountains, which form the frontier with Georgia and Azerbaijan. In the east, that portion of Russia known as Сибирь Siberia stretches from the Arctic Ocean in the north to Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China in the south.
The southern portion of Russia is composed primarily of flat, treeless plains known as степь steppe. Siberia itself is comprised of a northern belt of permanently frozen, treeless plains тундра and, more southerly, vast evergreen forests тайга. The tundra region has one of the harshest climates known to mankind, with extremely long, cold winters and brief, often sweltering summers.
Санкт Петербург St. Petersburg , founded by Пётр Великий Peter the Great on the Gulf of Finland as a "window to the West", has been nicknamed the "brain" of Russia. This is mostly due to its "European" look, thanks to a regular, grid-like pattern of city planning. Москва Moscow, on the other hand, is often referred to as the "soul", thanks to its more chaotic growth over the years and a more "Russian" look.
The climate of Moscow is more continental than that of St. Petersburg, with summer temperatures averaging in the high 70s. Summers in both cities can be humid (though the level of humidity there can hardly compare with that of a typical DC summer!), with frequent thunderstorms that seem to come up without much warning. Winter can begin as early as October, with the first significant snowfalls in early November. Winter temperatures in Moscow, as in St. Petersburg, average in the mid-teens. Thanks to the effects of the Neva River and the Gulf of Finland, winters in St. Petersburg tend to feel more damp than those in Moscow. In general, the weather in these cities is similar to that in the northeastern U.S.
Russia shares common borders with 14 different countries. They are listed here for you to read in Russian. After reading this list, see if you can find them on a map. Which of these are former republics of the Soviet Union?
| Норвегия | Польша | Казахстан |
| Финляндия | Белоруссия | Китай |
| Эстония | Украина | Монголия |
| Латвия | Грузия | Северная Корея |
| Литва | Азербайджан |
Russia also borders on several large bodies of water. They are listed below:
| Балтийское море | Северный Ледовитый океан |
| Финский залив | Тихий океан |
| Чёрное море | Японское море |
| Азовское море | Охотское море |
| Каспийское море | Берингово море |
Using the compass points below, tell your instructor where the 14 nations andthe bodies of water are located:
| in the north | на севере |
| in the south | на юге |
| in the west | на западе |
| in the east | на востоке |
Russia is divided into a number of distinct areas, based on the geographic features of each region. Some of the most common of these are:
| Центральный район | Central (region) Russia |
| Урал | Ural Mountains |
| Поволжье | Volga River Valley |
| Сибирь | Siberia |
| Дальний Восток | Far East |
The following cities are located in these geographic areas:
| 1 | Москва в Центральном районе. | Moscow is in Central Russia. |
| 2 | Екатеринбург на Урале | Yekaterinburg is in the Urals. |
| 3 | Волгоград в Поволжье. | Volgograd is in the Volga River Valley. |
| 4 | Новосибирск в Сибири. | Novosibirsk is in Siberia. |
| 5 | Владивосток на Дальнем Востоке. | Vladivostok is in the Far East. |
See if you can locate these cities on the map shown here.
 |
After August 1991, the names of many Russian cities were changed:
| Present | Former |
|---|---|
| Санкт-Петербург | Ленинград |
| Нижний Новгород | Горький |
| Екатеринбург | Свердловск |
| Тверь | Калинин |
| Сергиев Посад | Заго́рск |
The same is true of numerous locations and landmarks in Moscow and other Russian cities:
| Present | Former |
|---|---|
| Тверская | улица Горького |
| Новинский бульвар | улица Чайковского |
| Театральная площадь | площадь Свердлова |
| Лубянская площадь | площадь Дзержинского |
| Манежная площадь | площадь 50-летия Октября |
But "Red Square" is still Red Square!
Красная площадь has been called Красная (red) since the second half of the 17th century. The square was constructed towards the end of the 15th century (around the time of Columbus' discovery of America) when Tsar Ivan the Great Иван Великий was building the magnificent cathedrals of the Kremlin Кремль, that walled fortress which was the heart of the city's defenses. Every major city in Russia would have had a kremlin, but the Moscow one is by far the most famous.
The square was first called Торг (Trading Place) and was the site for some very lively commerce. Later, in the 16th century, it became known as Троицкая (Trinity Square) in honor of the Trinity Cathedral which stood at the southern end of the square. In 1571 the square was renamed Пожар (The Fire) after the great fire of that year. Finally, the square was named Красная when it was cleared of all the trading stalls at the end of the 17th century. At that time the word красный (red) meant красивый (beautiful), and had nothing to do with the red brick of the Kremlin wall which runs along one of its sides.
 |
Listen to the sentences your instructor will read aloud and write down in English any place names you recognize
1. ____________________
2. ____________________
3. ____________________
4. ____________________
5. ____________________
6. ____________________
7. ____________________
Listen to the statements your instructor will read aloud and indicate whether they are true (T) or false (F)
| 1. ____________________ | 4. ____________________ | 7. ____________________ |
| 2. ____________________ | 5. ____________________ | |
| 3. ____________________ | 6. ____________________ |
Practice writing place names in Russian as your instructor reads them aloud. He/she will read each one twice and then will write them on the board so that you can check your work.
1. ____________________
2. ____________________
3.. ____________________
4. ____________________
5. ____________________
6. ____________________
7. ____________________
Answer the following questions according to the model.
| Instructor: | Москва - столица России? |
| Student: | Да, Москва - столица России. |
Осло - столица Норвегии?
Хельсинки - столица Финляндии?
Париж - столица Франции?
Бонн - столица Германии?
Варшава - столица Польши?
Оттава - столица Канады?
Вашингтон - столица Америки?
Лондон - столица Англии?
Мадрид - столица Испании?
Рим - столица Италии?
Answer the questions truthfully, according to the models:
| Instructor: | Париж - столица Франции? |
| Student: | Да, Париж - столица Франции. |
| Instructor: | Анкара - столица Индии? |
| Student: | Нет, Новый Дели - столица Индии. |
Токио - столица Китая? (Пекин)
Манила - столица Филиппин?
Мадрас - столица Индии? (Новый Дели)
Анкара - столица Ирана? (Тегеран)
Лондон - столица Англии?
Стокгольм - столица Швеции?
Афины - столица Греции?
Канберра - столица Австрии? (Вена)
Каир - столица Египта?
Аддис-Абеба - столица Эфиопии?
Тель-Авив - столица Израиля?
Рим - столица Итапии?
Мадрид - столица Португалии? (Лиссабон)
Гавана - столица Кубы?
Какой? is the question word which asks: "Which?". Listen carefully as your instructor asks:
Какой город столица Англии?
Which city is the capital of England?
You'll answer:
Лондон.
Continue, using the cities and countries given in Exercise 7. See how many you might be able to add on your own.
Что это? asks "What is this? What is that?" When answering, you'll begin your answer with Это... This is/That is...
Now your instructor will point to various cities on the map and will ask:
Что это? What is this? (pointing to Moscow)
You'll answer by naming the city, using this model:
Это Москва. That is Moscow.
Answer the following questions substituting the appropriate pronoun for the noun.
| Instructor | Где Москва? | Где Лондон? | Где Чёрное море? |
| Student | Вот она. | Вот он. | Вот оно. |
| A. | В. |
| Где Лондон? | Где Прага? |
| Где Париж? | Где Тирана? |
| Где Санкт-Петербург? | Где Москва? |
| Где Берлин? | Где София? |
| Где Мадрид? | Где Варшава? |
| Где Рим? | Где Вена? |
| Где Вашингтон? | Где Братислава? |
| Где город Токио? | Где Ялта? |
| Где город Осло? | Где Гаага? |
| С. | D. |
| Где Россия? | Где Каспийское море? |
| Где Канада? | Где Чёрное море? |
| Где Япония? | Где озеро Байкал? |
| Где Эфиопия? | Где Балтийское море? |
Take a look at the following advertisements. Pick out all words which are familiar to you. Any guesses as to what the ads are all about? Ask your instructor if you need help.
 |
Your instructor wants you to show where various places are on the map. He/she will ask you:
Покажите...
Покажите Волгу.
Покажите Сибирь.
Покажите Тихий океан.
Покажите Финский залив.
Покажите Каспийское море.
Покажите Северный Ледовитый океан.
Покажите Чёрное море.
Read through this list of Russian cities and sort them according to the regions
in the table below. Use the map, or ask your instructor for help.
Иркутск, Владивосток, Хабаровск, Пермь, Самара, Челябинск, Москва, Новгород, Екатеринбург, Петропавловск, Оренбург, Тверь, Красноярск, Кострома, Новосибирск, Владимир, Саратов, Ярославль.
| Сибирь | |
| Дальний Восток | |
| Поволжье | |
| Урал | |
| Центральный район |
| Россия большая страна. | Russia is a large country. |
| Климат России разнообразный:на Крайнем Севере - арктический. | The climate of Russia is varied:in the Far North - arctic. |
| На юге, в Сочи -субтропический. | In the south, in Sochi - subtropical. |
| В европейской части Россиии в Сибири климат умеренный, континентальный. | In the European part of Russia and in Siberia the climate is moderate, continental. |
| На западе - мягкий,на востоке и северо-востоке -очень холодный и суровый. | In the west it is mild and in the east and northeast - very cold and severe. |
| На Дальнем Востоке климат морской. | In the Far East the climate is maritime. |
Examine the weather forecasts below and:
a. read the names of the cities and the legend (explanation of symbols).
b. tell where it is sunny солнечно, overcast облачно, raining дождь or snowing снег.
| Россия | Москва - столица России. В России живут русские. |
| Украина | Киев - столица Украины. В Украине живут украинцы. |
| Латвия | Рига - столица Латвии. В Латвии живут латыши. |
| Литва | Вильнюс - столица Литвы. В Литве живут литовцы. |
| Эстония | Таллин - столица Эстонии. В Эстонии живут эстонцы. |
| Молдавия | Кишинёв - столица Молдавии. В Молдавии живут молдаване. |
| Белоруссия | Минск - столица Белоруссии. В Белоруссии живут белорусы. |
| Грузия | Тбилиси - столица Грузии. В Грузии живут грузины. |
| Армения | Ереван - столица Армении. В Армении живут армяне. |
| Азербайджан | Баку - столица Азербайджана. В Азербайджане живут азербайджанцы. |
| Узбекистан | Ташкент - столица Узбекистана. В Узбекистане живут узбеки. |
| Казахстан | Алма-Ата - столица Казахстана. В Казахстане живут казахи. |
| Туркмения | Ашхабад - столица Туркмении. В Туркмении живут туркмены. |
| Таджикистан | Душанбе - столица Таджикистана. В Таджикистане живут таджики. |
| Киргизия | Бишкек - столица Киргизии. В Киргизии живут киргизы. |
Fill in the blanks, orally.
| 1. ____________________ | столица Белоруссии. |
| 2. ____________________ | столица Грузии. |
| 3. ____________________ | столица Киргизии. |
| 4. ____________________ | столица Туркмении. |
| 5. ____________________ | столица Литвы. |
| 6. ____________________ | столица Украины. |
| 7. ____________________ | столица Узбекистана. |
Fill in the blanks, orally.
| 1. В Армении живут | ____________________ |
| 2. В Азербайджане живут | ____________________ |
| 3. В Молдавии живут | ____________________ |
| 4. В Эстонии живут | ____________________ |
| 5. В Таджикистане живут | ____________________ |
| 6. В Казахстане живут | ____________________ |
| 7. В Латвии живут | ____________________ |
Answer the following questions according the models:
| Instructor: | Таджики живут в Таджикистане? |
| Student: | Да, они живут в Таджикистане. |
| Instructor: | Эстонцы живут в Латвии? |
| Student: | Нет, они живут в Эстонии. |
| 1. | Русские живут в России? | ____________________ |
| 2. | Грузины живут в Грузии? | ____________________ |
| 3. | Казахи живут в Казахстане? | ____________________ |
| 4. | Молдаване живут в Белоруссии? | ____________________ |
| 5. | Узбеки живут в Латвии? | ____________________ |
| 6. | Туркмены живут в Киргизии? | ____________________ |
| 7. | Азербайджанцы живут в Литве? | ____________________ |
Of course, as you well know, the Newly Independent States are home to many nationalities. The above exercise, and the ones following, in no way suggest that these new countries have entirely homogeneous populations.
Using the map, indicate the home countries of the given nationalities.
Покажите где живут украинцы.
Покажите где живут узбеки.
Покажите где живут армяне.
Покажите где живут русские.
Покажите где живут белорусы.
Покажите где живут литовцы.
Using the map, indicate the capitals of the following countries:
Покажите столицу Казахстана.
Покажите столицу Молдавии.
Покажите столицу Туркмении.
Покажите столицу Украины.
Покажите столицу России.
Покажите столицу Армении.
Listen to the following statements your instructor will read aloud. Indicate whether they are true (правильно) or false (неправильно):
В Киргизии живут киргизы?
Таджики живут в Таджикистане?
В Узбекистане живут узбеки?
Русские живут в Азербайджане?
В Эстонии живут казахи?
Латыши живут в Латвии?
Match the countries with their capitals.
| Эстония | Ереван |
| Таджикистан | Рига |
| Россия | Минск |
| Казахстан | Тбилиси |
| Литва | Бишкек |
| Грузия | Киев |
| Туркмения | Вильнюс |
| Молдавия | Москва |
| Латвия | Душанбе |
| Узбекистан | Ашхабад |
| Армения | Кишинёв |
| Украина | Таллин |
| Азербайджан | Баку |
| Белоруссия | Алма-ата |
| Киргизия | Ташкент |
Russian is an inflected language which simply means that nouns (and their modifiers) will change their shape to indicate a change of function within the sentence. A noun may function as a subject, an indirect object or direct object or the object of a preposition. In each instance it will change its ending to inform you of its particular role.
Each of these functions is indicated by a set of endings (1 each for each of the genders and 1 for plural), which are grouped into CASES:
| 1. Nominative | names the subject (who? what?) |
| 2. Genitive | shows possession (whose?) |
| 3. Dative | indicates the indirect object, recipient of the action (to whom? to what?) |
| 4. Accusative | indicates the direct object (whom? what?) |
| 5. Instrumental | indicates instrument or means; or accompaniment (how? with what? with whom?) |
| 6. Locative/Prepositional | shows location (where?); indicates the object of the preposition (about whom? about what?) |
All Russian nouns belong to one of three grammatical genders: masculine, neuter or feminine. Do not confuse gender with sex; the word for table in Russian is a masculine gender noun, but there's nothing male about the object; book in Russian is a feminine gender noun, but there's nothing inherently female about it. However, nouns referring to male beings will (usually) be masculine gender; those referring to female beings will be feminine gender.
In most cases, the gender of the noun can be determined by its ending. The table below illustrates this:
| MASCULINE | NEUTER | FEMININE |
| end in a consonant or-b | end in -о or -е | end in -а, -я or -ь |
паспорт автомобиль портфель |
озеро море пальто |
виза фамилия Сибирь |
| он | оно | она |
Adjectives agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number and case. This means that when a singular feminine noun is in the nominative case (the subject of the sentence), the adjective that describes that noun must be nominative, singular, feminine. Since the noun and adjective do not necessarily stand together in the sentence, agreement is especially important. Agreement in the nominative may look like this:
| OН | ОНО | ОНА |
новый дом хороший студент |
новое здание хорошее вино |
новая квартира хорошая студентка |
| ОНИ | ОНИ | ОНИ |
новые дома а хорошие студенты |
новые здания хорошие вина |
новые квартиры хорошие студентки |
Russian uses pronouns in much the same way English does; they take the place of, or refer back to nouns. The table below shows the correspondence between Russian and English pronouns:
| я | I |
| ты | you (sing, and informal) |
| он/она/оно | he/she/it |
| мы | we |
| вы | you (pi. and formal) |
| они | they |
As you can see by this table, Russian has two pronouns for the second person you. Ты is informal and singular; вы is formal and/or plural. (See the comments on ты and вы in Lesson 3).
As in English, Russian pronouns change form as their function changes in the sentence. Take a look at the following sentences:
I know you.
You know me.
I changes to me when it switches from the role of subject to the role of object.
Я знаю вас.
Вы знаете меня.
Вот is used in Russian in the sense of "Here is..." when pointing to something or someone. For example:
| -Где багаж? | Where's the luggage? |
| -Вот он. | Неге it is. |
| -Где Линда? | Where's Linda? |
| -Вот она. | Here she is. |
The verb жить [to live] appears in two forms in this lesson: (он/она) живёт and (они) живут. Verbs in Russian, as in English, agree with their subjects in terms of person (I, you, he/she, we, they) and number (He lives, vs They live.). The two forms indicated here are for a singular subject and a plural subject, respectively.
| Он живёт в Москве. | Не lives in Moscow. |
| Она живёт в Киеве. | She lives in Kiev. |
| Они живут в Америке. | They live in America. |
| Кто живёт в Украине? | Who lives in Ukraine? |
| В Украине живут украинцы. | Ukrainians live in Ukraine. |
Here is the verb жить in all forms of the present tense:
| жить / to live | |
| я живу | мы живём |
| ты живёшь | вы живёте |
| он живёт | они живут |
Какой, какое, какая, какие is a question word which asks: «Which?» or «What kind of? ...» It is an adjective and will agree in gender, number and case with the word it modifies. The first three forms shown here are the masculine, neuter and feminine forms, respectively. The fourth is the plural. Compare these forms to those of the adjectives in the table on page 29.
| OH | OHO | ОНА | ОНИ |
| какой | какое | какая | какие |
The nominative case is used to indicate the subject of a sentence. It is also used for other nouns in the sentence which give more information about the subject. As it is the dictionary form for nouns and adjectives, you should memorize nouns and adjectives in their nominative case forms.
| Я иду в театр. | I am going to the theater. |
| Книга на столе. | The book is on the table. |
| Вот дом. | There is the house. |
| Это моя ручка. | This is my pen. |
| Мой брат - инженер. | My brother is an engineer. |
| В институте работают американские физики. | American physicists work in the institute. |
Because Russian has cases, word order in a sentence is less important than it is in English. The subject [that noun plus its modifiers in the nominative case] can come at the beginning, in the middle or at the end of the sentence. Knowing the nominative case endings for nouns and adjectives will help you find the subject of the sentence more quickly.
Adjectives are linked to their nouns by their endings. The adjective may stand in front of, after, or at a distance from the noun it modifies. You can always find the adjective which modifies a noun by looking for the one whose ending matches in gender, number, and case that of the noun.
Это Белый дом.
Она учительница хорошая, опытная.
Русский язык очень интересный, но трудный.
Table 2.1. Useful words and expressions
| в | in, inside |
| восток; на востоке | east; in the east |
| вот | here |
| Где? | Where? |
| город | city, town |
| Добро пожаловать! | Welcome |
жить (я живу, вы живёте, они живут) | to live |
| запад; на западе | west; in the west |
| какой/какое/какая/какие | what kind of; which; which one(s) |
| Кто? | who |
| Кто это? | Who is that? |
| на | on; at; in |
| он, она, оно, они | he; she; it; they |
| Покажите... | Show... |
| погода | weather |
| север; на севере | north; in the north |
| столица | capital |
| что | what |
| Что это? | What is that/this |
| это | this/that |
| юг; на юге | south; in the south |
Table of Contents
- Давайте познакомимся!
- Russian names
- When to use Вы and Ты
- Addressing friends and acquaintances in Russian
- Examples of names and patronymics
- Getting someone's attention/Addressing strangers
- Setting the scene
- Упражнения
- Beyond "how do you do?"
- In case you were wondering
- The Russian intonation system
- Useful words and expressions
| Lesson №3 |
| MEEYING MPEOPLE |
| УРОК № 3 |
 |
There is no secret to greeting people in Russian. It can be as simple as Здравствуйте/Здравствуй! Like "Hello" in English, you can use this greeting at any time of the day and with nearly anyone. Keep in mind, however, that you will use this expression only once in the day. If you meet again later, you should greet each other using a different expression.You may use Доброе утро! Good morning! Добрый день! Good afternoon! or Добрый вечер! Good evening! depending on the time of day. More informal greetings such as Привет! Hi! or the very slangy Салют! Hey! are also possible, but you should be careful when, and with whom you use these.
As we do in English, you might ask someone you know how he/she is doing: Как поживаете? How are you? Как дела? How are things (going)? Possible responses are Хорошо Fine; Нормально As usual; Ничего O.K. Unlike Americans, whose response to these questions is often nothing more than a polite Tine, thanks." Russians may take the time to tell you the whole truth!
До свидания Good bye! (literally: "Until our next meeting.") will work in all situations when saying good-bye. You may also use: Всего хорошего; Всего доброго! All the best. Пока! See ya! or Bye! is more casual and you should be careful when you use it, and with whom.
| HELLO! | |
| Здравствуйте! | Hello! |
| Доброе утро! | Good morning! |
| Добрый день! | Good afternoon! |
| Добрый вечер! | Good evening! |
| Привет! | Hi! |
| HOW ARE YOU? | |
|---|---|
| Как поживаете? | How are you? |
| Как живёте? | How's life? |
| Как дела? | How are things (going)? |
| WHEN THINGS ARE GOING WELL | |
|---|---|
| Спасибо, хорошо. | Fine, thanks. |
| Прекрасно!! | Excellent. |
| WHEN THINGS ARE OK | |
|---|---|
| Ничего. | O.K. |
| Так себе. | So so. |
| WHEN THINGS ARE GOING BADLY | |
|---|---|
| Плохо. | Bad. |
| Неважно. | Not very well. |
| GOOD BYE! | |
|---|---|
| До свидания! | Good-bye. |
| Спокойной ночи! | Good night. |
| Пока! | Bye! See you! |
| До завтра! | See you tomorrow |
| Всего хорошего! | All the best! |
| Всего доброго! | All the best! |
Russian names consist of three parts: имя first name, отчество patronymic and фамилия last name.
If you'd like to find out what a person's first name is, ask:
| Как вас зовут? | What is your name? |
| Как ваше имя? | What is your name? |
You can then tell yours by saying:
| Меня зовут... | My name is... |
| Моё имя... | My (first) name is... |
The patronymic is a Russian's second name. It is formed from the father's first name. In English, there are last names which are similar to the Russian patronymic: Johnson, Peterson. The ending for the patronymic will depend on whether it belongs to a son or a daughter. This table gives examples of common patronymics and shows how they are formed:
| Father's name | Son's patronymic | Daughter's patronymic |
| Александр | Александрович | Александровна |
| Николай | Николаевич | Николаевна |
Adults address each other using a full first name and the patronymic: Иван Александрович! Татьяна Николаевна! Non-Russians will also use this form of address when speaking to Russians. But when Russians address foreigners in formal or diplomatic circles, they use господин Mr. or госпожа Mrs./Ms. and the individual's last name.
Russian, unlike English, has two different forms of the second person singular pronoun "you": вы and ты. Compare these to the French Vous and tu or the German Sie and du. The вы form is also the second person plural.
Вы is used in formal situations, work settings, when speaking to a superior or to someone older, to whom you wish to show a degree of respect. Вы indicates distance (emotional, social or chronological).
Ты is used in informal situations, family relationships (between spouses, parents and children, between siblings and with other relatives), when speaking to someone younger than you. Ты indicates closeness (in age or in terms of friendship and intimacy).
Вы-forms of address can be full first name plus patronymic, full first name minus patronymic, or shortened first name only. Ты-forms of address will be first name only, either full or shortened.
Ты is always used when addressing God, speaking to children (your own or anyone's) and calling your cat or dog.
When they first meet, adults will usually begin by addressing each other as Вы. At some point in time in the relationship, one may suggest to the other that they change to ты by saying: Давайте перейдём на ты; ог Можно на ты? If this is mutually agreeable, the relationship passes onto a new level; some people even make a ritual of it by drinking "брудершафт".
The first name is the most common form of address between persons who enjoy a close relationship. The use of the various forms of the first name (similar to our American nicknames) is influenced by the degree of intimacy in the relationship. The greater the intimacy, the more variety in these forms. For example:
- A
Full forms of the first name (Владимир, Татьяна)are the mostneutral forms of address between individuals who are on either Вы or тыterms.
- B
hortened forms without suffixes (Володя,Таня) indicate a certaindegree of closeness. These forms are often used interchangeably withthose in category A and are appropriate when the relationship is either Вы or ты.
- C
Nicknames with the suffix -ка (Володька, Танька) imply intimacy which may be without affection. The younger generation prefers these very informal forms and depending on the situation, they could also be interpreted as condescending.
- D
Only if the individuals are on ты terms should the "diminutive" or"affectionate" forms of the name be used. Nicknames with these suffixes, -ечка, -енька, -юша,-юшка (Володечка, Володенька,Танечка, Танюша) have a very specific coloring and non-native speakers of Russian will want to take care in using them. Russian women seem to favor the use of diminutive forms more than men and as you might suspect, men will use diminutive forms when addressing women, but not when addressing other men.
- E
Nicknames with a "zero" ending (Володь, Тань) belong almost exclusively to the younger generation and non-native speakers should avoid them. They are used as a type of vocative case, that is, when trying to get someone's attention.
| МУЖСКИЕ ИМЕНА | |
| MEN'S NAMES | |
| имя, отчество | уменьшительные формы |
| first name & patronymic | diminutives |
|
Александр Александрович,Александровна |
Саша, Шура |
|
Алексей Алексеевич, Алексеевна |
Алёша, Лёша |
|
Анатолий Анатольевич, Анатольевна |
Толя |
|
Андрей Андреевич, Андреевна |
Андрюша |
|
Антон Антонович, Антоновна |
Антоша, Тоша |
|
Аркадий Аркадьевич, Аркадьевна |
Аркаша |
|
Борис Борисович, Борисовна |
Боря |
|
Валерий Валерьевич,Валерьевна |
Валера |
|
Василий Васильевич, Васильевна |
Вася |
|
Виктор Викторович, Викторовна |
Витя |
|
Фёдор Фёдорович, Фёдоровна |
Федя |
|
Юрий Юрьевич, Юрьевна |
Юра |
| ЖЕНСКИЕ ИМЕНА | |
| WOMEN'S NAMES | |
| имя | уменьшительные формы |
| first name | diminutives |
| Александра | Саша |
| Алла | Аля |
| Анастасия | Настя, Ася |
| Анна | Аня |
| Валентина | Валя |
| Варвара | Варя |
| Вера | |
| Галина | Галя |
| Евгения | Женя |
| Екатерина | Катя |
| Елена | Лена |
| Елизавета | Лиза |
| Зинаида | Зина |
| Зоя | |
| Ирина | Ира |
| Кира | |
| Клавдия | Клава |
| Лариса | Лара |
| Лидия | Лида |
| Любовь | Люба |
| Людмила | Люда, Мила |
| Маргарита | Рита |
| Марина | |
| Мария | Маша |
| Надежда | Надя |
| Наталья | Наташа |
| Нина | |
| Ольга | Оля |
| Раиса | Рая |
| Светлана | Света |
| Софья | Соня |
| Тамара | |
| Татьяна | Таня |
If you need to address a stranger, or get their attention for whatever reason, you should remember the following:
- A
All strangers (except for children) should be addressed as Вы.
- B
Women in general are Девушка! (Miss!) - unless this is obviously inappropriate.
- C
Men in general are Молодой человек! (Young man!) unless, again, this is obviously inappropriate.
- D
In those situations where В and С are inappropriate, simply use:
Простите, пожалуйста... Pardon me, please... Будьте добры... Be so kind... Скажите, пожалуйста... Tell me, please...
A Russian and an American meet at a reception. The Russian (P) is introducing himself and his wife to the American (A).
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the appropriate manner.
| ПОЗНАКОМЬТЕСЬ, ПОЖАЛУЙСТА! | ||
|---|---|---|
| P. | Здравствуйте. Давайте познакомимся. Меня зовут Владимир Николаевич. | Hello. Let me introduce myself.My name is Vladimir Nikolaevich. |
| A. | Очень приятно. Меня зовут Джон Мартинез. А как ваша фамилия? | Pleased to meet you. My name is John Martinez. What is your last name? |
| P. | Моя фамилия Петров. Рад познакомиться. А это моя жена, Екатерина Васильевна. Познакомьтесь, пожалуйста. | My last name is Petrov. Pleased to meet you. And this is my wife, Yekaterina Vasil'evna. Please get acquainted. |
| A. | Очень рад познакомиться, Екатерина Васильевна. | Very pleased to meet you,Yekaterina Vasilevna. |
| ПОЗНАКОМЬТЕСЬ, ПОЖАЛУЙСТА! | ||
|---|---|---|
| P. | Здравствуйте. Давайте познакомимся. Меня зовут Анна Александровна. | Hello. Let me introduce myself. My name is Anna Aleksandrovna |
| A. | Очень приятно. Меня зовут Синди Петерсон. А как ваша фамилия? | Pleased to meet you. My name is Cindy Peterson. What is your last name? |
| P. | Моя фамилия Морозова. Рада познакомиться. А это мой муж, Максим Дмитриевич. Познакомьтесь, пожалуйста. | My last name is Morozova. Pleased to meet you. And this is my husband Maxim Dmitrievich. Please get acquainted. |
| A. | Очень рада познакомиться, Максим Дмитриевич. | Very pleased to meet you, Maxim Dmitrievich. |
From those given below, choose the correct response to the following:
| 1. | Меня зовут Владимир Николаевич. |
| 2. | Познакомьтесь, пожалуйста. |
| 3. | Как ваша фамилия? |
| a. | Очень рад (рада) познакомиться. |
| b. | Моя фамилия Браун. |
| c. | Очень приятно. |
Translate into Russian.
| 1. | Hello. |
| 2. | My name is... |
| 3. | My last name is... |
| 4. | What is your last name? |
| 5. | Very pleased to meet you. |
With your teacher playing the role of the Russian, act out the dialogs. At first adhere closely to the original, then use as many variations as possible. Use your own first and last names instead of those given for the American.
Patronymics are formed by adding -ович (-евич) to the father's name for men and -овна (-евна) for women.
Give the name and patronymic of each person listed below:
| First name | Father's name | Name and patronymic |
| Сергей | Максим | |
| Николай | Константин | |
| Игорь | Николай | |
| Иван | Семён | |
| Вера | Борис | |
| Елена | Алексей | |
| Ирина | Антон | |
| Галина | Андрей |
Your instructor will give you the names and patronymics of the following well-known Russians. Listen carefully as he/she reads them aloud.
| И. Е. Репин | И. И. Левитан | М. П. Мусоргский |
| П. И. Чайковский | Л. Н. Толстой | А. С. Пушкин |
| А. П. Чехов | А. А. Ахматова | М. И. Цветаева |
| М. С. Горбачёв | Б. Н. Ельцин | В. С. Черномырдин |
Here are some useful phrases:
Как вас зовут? What's your name? (formal/plural) Как тебя зовут? What's your name? (informal) Как её зовут? What's her name? Как его зовут? What's his name? Как их зовут? What are their names? Меня зовут Джон. My name is John. Меня зовут Сюзан. My name is Susan. Его зовут Грэгори. His name is Gregory Его зовут Александр Петрович. His name is Alexander Petrovich Его зовут Сергей Андреевич. His name is Sergey Andreevich. Её зовут Линда. Her name is Linda. Её зовут Анна Николаевна. Her name is Anna Nikolaevna. Её зовут Нина Григорьевна. Her name is Nina Grigorevna. Моя фамилия Мартинез My last name is Martinez. Моя фамилия Джонсон. My last name is Johnson. Его фамилия Иванов. His last name is Ivanov. Её фамилия Петрова. Her last name is Petrova.
Answer the following questions using names from the list on names-patronymics for numbers 3, 4 and 5:
| 1. | Как вас зовут? | |
| 2. | Как тебя зовут? | |
| 3. | Как её зовут? | |
| 4. | Как их зовут? | |
| 5. | Как его зовут? |
Using the dialogs as a model, ask your instructor what his/her name is (first name, patronymic and last name). Introduce him/her to your classmates.
Take a look at these pictures. Ask your teacher if he/she knows who they are:
Кто это?
Как его/её зовут?
Listen carefully to the answers and then ask your classmates the same thing.
 |  |  |
| Алексей Булдаков | Юрий Круценко | Елена Костина |
 |  |  |
| Иван Волков | Валерий и Виола | Ирина Кокрятская |
From those given on the right, choose the appropriate response to the following:
| 1. | Здравствуйте! | a. | Спасибо, хорошо, |
| b. | Доброе утро. | ||
| c. | Я американец. | ||
| 2. | Как поживаете? | a. | Спасибо, неплохо. |
| b. | Спасибо. | ||
| c. | Нет. | ||
| 3. | Как вас зовут? | a. | Очень приятно. |
| b. | Александр Петрович. | ||
| c. | Рад познакомиться. | ||
| 4. | Как ваша фамилия? | a. | Моя фамилия Иванов. |
| b. | Меня зовут Джордж. | ||
| c. | Его фамилия Петерсон. | ||
| 5. | Как дела? | a. | Спасибо, хорошо. |
| b. | Очень приятно. | ||
| c. | Добрый вечер. |
How should you respond to the following statements?
Здравствуйте! Меня зовут Борис Семёнович.
Добрый день! Меня зовут Григорий Иванович.
Добрый вечер! Меня зовут Константин Михайлович.
Доброе утро! Меня зовут Мария Николаевна.
Здравствуйте! Меня зовут Софья Михайловна.
Accusative case. The accusative case is used to indicate direct objects (whom? what?) and destinations when used with the prepositions В or HA and a "verb of motion".
The table below illustrates the accusative case endings for nouns and adjectives and compares them to nominative. You will notice that we have included the plural forms они.
| NOMINATIVE | ACCUSATIVE | ||
| он |
новый студент старый дом |
он |
нового студента старый дом |
| она |
новая студентка старая квартира |
она |
новую студентку старую квартиру |
| оно |
новое слово старое кресло |
оно |
новое слово старое кресло |
| NOMINATIVE | ACCUSATIVE | ||
| они | новые студенты старые костюмы | они | новых студентов старые костюмы |
The table shows the accusative case forms for pronouns and compares them to nominative.
| NOMINATIVE | ACCUSATIVE |
| я | меня |
| ты | тебя |
| он | его |
| она | её |
| мы | нас |
| вы | вас |
| они | их |
Much in the same way as English does, Russian uses a system of rising and falling intonations within a sentence to indicate that it is: a declarative statement, a question or an exclamation. Examine the following English sentences. Note their punctuation and attempt to read them with the proper intonation:
Your son graduated from Harvard.
Your son graduated from Harvard?
Your son graduated from Harvard!
Now listen as your instructor reads this set of similar sentences in Russian. Note where the "center" of intonation is (always on the word in question or a question word, in a question), and the rise and fall of the voice:
Ваша дочь окончила МГУ.
Ваша дочь окончила МГУ?
Ваша дочь окончила МГУ!
The Russian intonation patterns have been organized into a system which refers to them as "intonation constructions" or "ИК". There are 5 basic patterns:
ИК-1. for declarative sentences, statements. The tone is even,with a slight falling off at the end. Often this intonation is perceived by speakers of English as "boring", but you should resist the temptation to "jazz it up".
For example:
Моя фамилия Морозов. Меня зовут Николай Петрович. Это моя жена. Её зовут Екатерина Васильевна. Мы москвичи. Мы живём в Москве.
ИК-2. for questions containing a question word (Что? Кто? Как? Где? Когда?, etc.). The intonation rises on the question word and then drops and levels off for the rest of the sentence.
For example:
Кто это? Что это?
Как вас зовут?
Где вы живёте? Где вы работаете?
Когда вы приехали в Москву?
ИК-3. for questions which do NOT contain a question word. This pattern is used to turn declarative sentences into questions without changing word order. The intonation rises on the word in question and then drops and levels off for the rest of the sentence.
For example:
Вы говорите по-русски? Вы хорошо говорите по-русски?
Вы работаете в американском посольстве?
Вы давно в Москве?
Это ваша машина?
У вас есть дети?
ИК-4. for "incomplete" questions which are usually prefaced with «A..?». In a dialog, these refer back to a question asked previously. The intonation dips slightly at the beginning of the question, then rises sharply and continues to rise to the end of the sentence.
For example:
-Как дела?
-Очень хорошо, спасибо. А у вас? [А как у вас дела?)
Мой сын учится в университете. А ваш? (Где учится ваш сын?)
Летом мы поедем на Чёрное море. А вы? (Куда вы поедете летом?)
ИК-5. for exclamations which may be either sincere or sarcastic, depending on the context. The intonation rises at the beginning of the sentence, levels off, stays high and then drops at the end of the sentence.
Какая сегодня погода! (the sun is shining, the sky is blue, the birds are singing...) Какая сегодня погода! (it's raining cats and dogs, the wind is howling...) Какой у него голос! (a real Pavarotti!) Какой у него голос! (he couldn't carry a tune in a bushel basket...)
Now close your books and listen carefully as your instructor reads the following sentences aloud. Can you identify which are statements, and which are questions?
| 1. | Москва - столица России. |
| 2. | Москва столица России? |
| 3. | Вы работаете в американском посольстве. |
| 4. | Вы работаете в американском посольстве? |
| 5. | Его зовут Евгений Петрович. |
| 6. | Его зовут Евгений Петрович? |
| 7. | У неё двое детей. |
| 8. | У неё двое детей? |
| 9. | А у вас? Как у вас дела? |
| 10 | Какая интересная картина! |
The chart on the next page gives you a visual representation of these intonation constructions.
| ик | TABLE OF INTONATION CONSTRUCTIONS | ||||||
| ИК-1 |
 Здесь. |
Здесь остановка. |
Это пятый автобус. |
Вот университет. |
|||
| ИК-2 |
 Кто? |
Где он живёт? |
Почему так? |
Что это? |
|||
| ИК-3 |
 Здесь? |
-Здесь остановка? |
-Это пятый автобус? |
Она поёт? |
|||
| ИК-4 |
 А вы? |
А ваш сын? |
А пятый автобус? |
А университет? |
|||
| ИК-5 | ------- |
Как она танцует! |
Замечательный голос! |
Настоящая весна! |
|||
| вечер | evening |
| день | day |
| имя | first name |
| ночь | night |
| познакомиться | to get acquainted |
| утро | morning |
| хорошо | good |
| фамилия | last name |
| Всего доброго! | All the best! |
| Всего хорошего! | All the best! |
| Давайте познакомимся! | Let's get acquainted! |
| Доброе утро! | Good morning! |
| Добрый день! | Good afternoon! |
| До свидания! | Good-bye! |
| Здравствуйте! | Hello! How do you do! |
| Извините (простите)... | Excuse me... |
| Как вас зовут? | What is your name? |
| Как ваше имя? | What is your name? |
| Как дела? | How are you? How are things? |
| Как живёте? | How are you? |
| Меня зовут... | My name is... |
| Моя фамилия... | My last name is... |
| Скажите, пожалуйста... | Tell me, please... |
| Что нового? | What's new? |
Table of Contents
| Lesson №4 |
| FAMILY |
| УРОК № 4 |
 |
A typical Russian family in a major city consists of the parents, one child and often a grandmother or grandfather or even both. While urban families are more likely to have just one child, it is not unusual to see large families in the rural areas. In the cities as well as in the country, parents will often live with their adult, married children and help raise the grandchildren. This extended family provides a certain degree of stability and security to the children and alleviates the necessity of arranging for day-care outside the home. The economic situation in Russia and the Former Soviet Union dictates today (and has historically) that both parents work to support the family. However, some things have changed and are continuing to change; you can now find mothers who do not work outside the home, though the concept of a "house-husband" is still foreign to Russians.
The use of words which indicate relationships between family members is somewhat fluid. Children will often refer to adults (their parents' acquaintances and strangers alike) as тётя Aunt or дядя Uncle. You may also hear people refer to elderly individuals, with whom they are not acquainted, as бабушка Grandma or дедушка Grandpa. The form of address will always be Вы in these cases. Though there are terms for cousins: двоюродный 6paт (for males) and двоюродная сестра (for females), Russians will often simply use брат or сестра.
A Russian and an American are discussing their jobs and workplaces.
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the appropriate manner.
| О СЕМЬЕ | ||
|---|---|---|
| P. | Вы женаты? | Are you married? |
| A. | Да, женат. / Нет, не женат. | Yes, I'm married. / No, I'm not married. |
| P. | У вас есть дети? | Do you have any children? |
| A. | Да, у меня сын и дочь. | Yes, I have a son and a daughter. |
| P. | Скажите, Линда, вы замужем? | Tell me, Linda, are you married? |
| A. | Да, замужем. / Нет, не замужем. | Yes, I'm married. / No, I'm not married. |
| P. | У вас есть дети? | Do you have any children? |
| A. | У меня один сын. | I have one son. |
| P. | Скажите, пожалуйста, у вас семья большая или маленькая? | Tell me, please, is your family large or small? |
| A. | Маленькая, только мама и я. А у вас? | It's small, just my mother and I. And yours? |
| P. | У меня большая - родители, два брата, две сестры, бабушка и дедушка. | Mine's large: my parents, two brothers, two sisters, a grandmother and a grandfather. |
| A. | У меня тоже есть дедушка и бабушка. Они живут в Вашингтоне. | I have grandparents, too. They live in Washington. |
| P. | Скажите, пожалуйста, у вас большая семья? | Tell me, please, do you have a large family? |
| A. | Да, мать, отец, брат и сестра. А у вас? | Yes, my mother, father, brother, sister. And you? |
| P. | Моя семья небольшая - родители и я. | My family's not large. Just my parents and I. |
Connect the questions and the corresponding answers:
| P. | Скажите, пожалуйста, у вас семья большая или маленькая? |
| P. | Скажите, пожалуйста, вы женаты? |
| P. | Вы замужем? |
| A. | Да, женат. |
| B. | Нет, не замужем. |
| C. | Большая. А у вас? |
Translate into Russian:
| 1. | I am a married woman. |
| 2. | I am a married man. |
| 3. | My family is small: just my wife and I. |
| 4. | My family is small: just my husband and I. |
| 5. | I have a large family. |
| 6. | I have a small family. |
| 7. | My parents live in Washington. |
| 8. | Where do you live? |
| 9. | Do you have (any) children? |
| 10. | Where do your children live? |
a. Using the model given, look at the pictures and identify the members of each family:
1. Ивановы 2. Новиковы 
3. Александровы 4. Соловьёвы 
b. Using the Russian names you know, make up names for all the family members pictured. Don't forget отчество for the adults and nicknames for the kids.
Look at the pictures and explain how, in your opinion, these people are related to each other.
Listen as your instructor tells you a little bit about the people pictured here. Jot down what you find interesting and retell it when asked.
 |
Choose the relationship which most appropriately describes the pair.
Владимир Петрович Иванов и Пётр Николаевич Иванов.
a. сын и отец
b. дедушка и внук
c. дядя и племянник
Василий Николаевич Алексеев и Валентин Николаевич Алексеев.
a. братья
b. отец и сын
c. дедушка и внук
Мария Владимировна Казанцева и Михаил Владимирович Казанцев.
a. муж и жена
b. сестра и брат
c. мать и сын
Софья Михайловна Григорьева и Михаил Иванович Григорьев.
a. жена и муж
b. мать и сын
c. дочь и отец
Галина Александровна Соколова и Дмитрий Юрьевич Соколов.
a. жена и муж
b. сестра и брат
c. дочь и отец
Create a dialog using the following statements as opening lines:
| 1. | Познакомьтесь, это мой брат. |
| 2. | Познакомьтесь, это моя сестра. |
| 3. | Познакомьтесь, это мой муж. |
| 4. | Познакомьтесь, это моя жена. |
| 5. | Познакомьтесь, это мой сын. |
| 6. | Познакомьтесь, это моя дочь. |
| 7. | Познакомьтесь, это мои родители. |
| 8. | Познакомьтесь, это моя бабушка. |
| 9. | Познакомьтесь, это мой дедушка. |
Your instructor will show you a picture of his/her family. Ask him/her who is who and what their names are.
Use the following phrases to create dialogs. Remember that this is simply an exercise and completely truthful answers are not always necessary.
| 1. | У вас есть мать? | Do you have a mother? |
| У вас есть отец? | Do you have a father? | |
| У вас есть дети? | Do you have (any) children? | |
| У вас есть сын? | Do you have a son? | |
| У вас есть дочь? | Do you have a daughter? |
| 2. | У меня есть родители. | I have parents. |
| У меня есть сын и дочь. | I have a son and daughter. | |
| У меня есть брат и сестра. | I have a brother and a sister. |
| 3. | У него есть жена? | Does he have a wife? |
| У него есть сестра? | Does he have a sister? | |
| У него есть дети? | Does he have (any) children? |
| 4. | У неё есть муж? | Does she have a husband? |
| У неё есть брат? | Does she have a brother? | |
| У неё есть дети? | Does she have (any) children' |
| 5. | У них есть бабушка? | Do they have a grandmother? |
| У них есть дедушка? | Do they have a grandfather? | |
| У них есть дети? | Do they have (any) children? |
Bring pictures of your family (or any family) to class. Introduce the people in the pictures to your classmates. Be prepared to answer questions about them.
| 1 один | 2 два | З три | 4 четыре | 5 пять |
| 6 шесть | 7 семь | 8 восемь | 9 девять | 10 десять |
Listen to the numbers from 1-10 as your instructor reads them aloud.
a. He/she will skip certain numbers at each reading. Which ones were they?
b. Write down the numbers your instructor will read aloud. Read them back in Russian.
Listen and follow along in your books as the following series of numbers are read on the tape. Now listen again, with your books closed. Repeat after the speaker.
| a. | 5-2-4-3-1-6-9-8-10-7 |
| b. | 7-5-10-2-8-4-9-3-6-1 |
| с | 8-10-5-7-2-1-6-3-9-4 |
Listen to the dialog as recorded on the tape. When you are finished, discuss it with your classmates. What were you able to understand? Listen to the dialog again to check your comprehension. Ask your instructor for help if you need it. Now answer the questions below.
| A. | Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F): | |
| 1. | The conversation is between 2 women. | ____________________ |
| 2. | Raisa Nikolaevna has a son named Aleksandr. | ____________________ |
| 3. | Aleksandr has 2 children. | ____________________ |
| 4. | Her daughter Natasha is a diplomat. | ____________________ |
| 5. | Natasha lives in Washington, DC. | ____________________ |
| B. | Answer the following questions: |
|---|---|
| 1. | What are the names and patronymics of the two people in the conversation? |
| 2. | Does Raisa have any children? If yes, how many and what are their names? |
| 3. | Are any of her children married? |
| 4. | Does she have any grandchildren? If yes,how many and what are their names? |
| 5. | Who is Viktor Egorovich Martynov and what is his profession? |
| 6. | Who lives in Arlington? |
| 7. | Where were the pictures of Boris and Svetlana taken? |
| 8. | What did Ivan Andreevich think of the pictures? |
The Genitive case has a number of different functions, the most important ones being:
- showing possession (the 's form in English)
Это машина Ивана. This is Ivan's car Это книга Марины. This is Marina's book. Она живет в доме родителей. She lives in her parents' house. - indicating a noun which modifies another noun
Он мэр Москвы. Не is the mayor of Moscow. Это учебник русского языка. This is a Russian language textbook. Она учительница математики. She is a math teacher. стакан молока a glass of milk остановка автобуса a bus stop бутылка вина a bottle of wine - indicating quantity with numbers
2,3,4: книги, дома, окна (Gen. singular)
5-20: книг, домов, окон (Gen. plural)
- indicating absence of someone or something using the word нет (the opposite of есть)
Есть книги. There are books. Нет книг. There aren't (any) books. Есть время. There is time. Нет времени. There's no time. У него есть сын. He has a son. У него нет сына. He doesn't have a son. Иван сегодня на уроке. Ivan is in class today. Ивана нет сегодня на уроке. Ivan is not in class today. - indicating possession with preposition у followed by a noun or pronoun plus the word есть
У меня есть....
У них есть....
У Ивана есть....
У Ирины есть....
Note that the object owned is in the nominative case
У меня есть книга.
У них есть дети.
У Ивана есть машина.
У Ирины есть собака.
The table below shows the forms of the Genitive case (G) for nouns and adjectives and compares them to Nominative case (N) and Accusative case (A).
| OH | ОНА | ОНО | ОНИ | |
| N |
новый студент старый дом |
новая студентка старая квартира |
новое слово старое кресло |
новые студенты старые костюмы |
| A |
нового студента старый дом |
новую студентку старую квартиру |
новое слово старое кресло |
новых студентов старые костюмы |
| G |
нового студента старого дома |
новой студентки старой квартиры |
нового слова старого кресла |
новых студентов старых костюмов |
| бабушка | grandmother |
| большой, большая, большое, большие | big, large |
| брат (братья) | brother (brothers) |
| внук | grandson |
| внучка | granddaughter |
| дедушка | grandfather |
| дети | children |
| дочь | daughter |
| дядя | uncle |
| жена | wife |
| женат | married (referring to a man) |
| замужем | married (referring to a woman) |
| маленький маленькая, маленькое, маленькие | small, little |
| мать | mother |
| мой, моя, моё,мои | my |
| муж | husband |
| отец | father |
| племянник | nephew |
| племянница | niece |
| родители | parents |
| семья | family |
| сестра | sister |
| сын | son |
| тётя | aunt |
| Вы женаты? | Are you married? (asked of men) |
| Вы замужем? | Are you married? (asked of women) |
| Познакомьтесь... | Get acquainted... |
| Скажите, пожалуйста... | Tell me, please... |
| У вас есть ? | Do you have...? |
| У меня есть... | I have... |
| У меня нет... | I don't have... |
Table of Contents
| Lesson №5 |
| WHERE DO YOU WORK? |
| УРОК № 5 |
 |
Many of your acquaintances in your new country will be interested in getting to know you better. One of the things they'll be asking will be Где вы работаете? "What do you do for a living? Where do you work?" Don't be surprised if you're asked questions, especially having to do with how much you are paid, which Americans would find inappropriate. During the Soviet period, wage scales were standard and common knowledge throughout the Soviet Union. A bus driver in Moscow was supposed to make as much as one in Irkutsk; a university professor in Kiev had the same salary as his counterpart in Gorky.
In those years, manual labor was more highly valued (and better paid) than those professions which demanded more brain and less brawn. With the break-up of the Soviet Union and the disappearance of the communist state, the nature and scope of many professions have been altered. And as the country moves toward a market economy, new professions are appearing (мэнеджеры, банкиры, бизнесмены and others) which enjoy varying degrees of popularity and respect. As a residual effect of the Soviet period, there are still many who think that any individual who is even mildly successful in business (and in economic and material terms) is obviously а спекулянт who could have acquired his/her wealth only through illegal means. We can expect to see this situation continuing for some time as the society gropes its way toward a new order.
A Russian and an American are discussing their jobs and workplaces.
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the appropriate manner.
| Где вы работаете? | ||
|---|---|---|
| P. | Скажите, пожалуйста, где вы работаете? | Tell me, please, where do you work? |
| A. | В американском посольстве. | In the American Embassy. |
| P. | Кто вы по специальности? | What do you do? (What is your profession?) |
| A. | По специальности я экономист. Я очень люблю свою специальность. А кто вы? | I am an economist. I really like my profession. And what do you do? |
| P. | Я инженер-механик. Работаю на авиационном заводе. | I am a mechanical engineer. I work at an aviation factory. |
| A. | Скажите, пожалуйста, где вы работаете? | Tell me, please, where do you work? |
| P. | Я работаю в Министерстве иностранных дел (в МИДе). | I work at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. |
| A. | А кто вы по специальности? | What do you do? |
| P. | Я секретарь, работаю в информационном отделе. | I am a secretary. I work in the information division. |
| A. | Вы любите свою работу? | Do you like your work? |
| P. | Да, конечно. Очень люблю. | Yes, of course. I like it very much. |
Listen to the following questions and choose the appropriate answers from those given below.
| P. | Скажите, пожалуйста, где вы работаете? |
| P. | Кто вы по специальности? |
| P. | Вы любите свою работу? |
| a. | Да, конечно. Очень люблю. |
| b. | По специальности я экономист. |
| c. | В американском посольстве. |
What are the professions and/or occupations of the people pictured here? Where do they work? Choose your answers from those given below.
| 1. | Он дипломат. Он работает в посольстве. |
| 2. | Она секретарь. Она работает в отделе культуры. |
| 3. | Она учительница. Она работает в школе. |
| 4. | Он врач. Он работает в больнице. |
The following offices combine to form the American diplomatic community in Moscow. Some are located in the Embassy itself; others have their own addresses. Follow along in your book as your instructor reads the list aloud.
| Политический отдел (политика) | Political Section |
| Административный отдел (администрация) | Administrative Section |
| Консульский отдел | Consular Affairs |
| Экономический отдел (экономика) | Economic Section |
| Военный отдел (война) | Military Affairs |
| Хозяйственный отдел | GSO |
| Сельскохозяйственный отдел | Agriculture Section |
| Научный отдел (наука) | Science Section |
| Плановый отдел | Budget and Finance |
| Отдел культуры (культура) | Cultural Affairs |
| Отдел торговли (торговля) | Commercial Section |
| Отдел связи (связь) | Communications |
| Отдел безопасности (безопасность) | Security |
| Отдел информации и печати | USIA |
| Агентство по международному развитию | AID |
| Корпус мира | Peace Corps |
| Медпункт | Med |
| Секретариат посла | Executive Office |
Imagine that you work in one of these sections. Tell your classmates where you work, and then ask them where they work, using the models:
Я работаю в научном отделе. А вы?
Я работаю в отделе связи. А вы?
Match the pictures with the dialogs.
 |
1. | -Где вы работаете? -В военном отделе. Я военный атташе. |
 |
2. | -Мы работаем в американском посольстве. -Кто вы по специальности? -Я экономист, а она секретарь. |
 |
3. | -Наташа и Галя работают в «Гастрономе» или в универмаге? -В «Гастрономе». |
 |
4. | -Ира работает на почте? -Нет, в гостинице. Она администратор. |
 |
5. | -Где работает Роберт Джордан? -В отделе связи. Он связист. |
 |
6. | -Где работает Марк Смит? -В консульском отделе. Он секретарь. |
Which word does not belong ineach group?
a. связист, дипломат, телефонистка, посольство, секретарь
b. посольство, больница, посол, школа, гастроном
c. политика, экономика, документ, культура, наука
Match the sentences on the left with the corresponding sentences on the right.
| 1. | Она любит политику. | A. | Он работает в экономическом отделе. |
| 2. | Он любит экономику. | B. | Она работает в отделе связи. |
| 3. | Она любит электронику. | C. | Он работает в отделе культуры. |
| 4. | Он любит театр. | D. | Она работает в военном отделе. |
| 5. | Она любит авиацию. | E. | Он работает в консульском отделе. |
| 6. | Он любит документы. | F. | Она работает в политическом отделе. |
Match the people on the left with their place of work on the right.
| 1. | Американский дипломат | A. | Государственный департамент |
| 2. | Министр иностранных дел | B. | Министерство культуры |
| 3. | Государственный секретарь США | C. | Посольство США |
| 4. | Министр культуры | D. | Министерство иностранных дел |
| 5. | Президент России | E. | Посольство России |
| 6. | Секретарь | F. | Кремль |
| 7. | Российский дипломат | G. | институт |
| 8 | Президент США | H. | Белый дом |
| 11 | одиннадцать | 12 | двенадцать | 13 | тринадцать |
| 14 | четырнадцать | 15 | пятнадцать | 16 | шестнадцать |
| 17 | семнадцать | 18 | восемнадцать | 19 | девятнадцать |
| 20 | двадцать |
Listen to the numbers from 11-20 as your instructor reads them aloud.
a. He/she will skip certain numbers at each reading. Which ones were they?
b. Write down the numbers your instructor will read aloud. Read them back in Russian.
Listen and follow along in your books as the following series of numbers are read on the tape. Now listen again, with your books closed. Repeat after the speaker.
a.
15-12-14-13-11-16-19-18-17-20
20-15-17-12-18-14-19-13-16-11
18-12-17-15-20-11-13-16-19-14
b.
2-10--19-12-6-16-8-20-11-13
20-12-14-19-17-4-15-7-1-16
1-11-2-12-19-20-3-13-17-18
Count the following objects. What are the totals for each?
| 1. воздушные шары | 5. люди в кинотеатре |
 |  |
| 2. яйца | 6. шляпы |
 |  |
| 3. бабочки | 7. бутылки |
 |  |
| 4. звёзды | 8. овцы |
 |  |
| По горизонтал | По вертикали |
|---|---|
| 3. Столица России | 1. Он работает в посольстве. |
| 5. Где работают дипломаты? | 2. Американский посол в Москве |
| 4. Он работает в военном отделе |
Look at the following pictures and read the captions.
 |
 |
| Дипломат работает в посольстве. | Секретарь работает в консульском отделе. |
 |
 |
| Бухгалтер работает в бухгалтерии. | Библиотекарь работает в библиотеке. |
 |
 |
| Кассир работает в магазине. | Администратор работает в гостинице. |
 |
 |
| Официант работает в ресторане. | Парикмахер работает в парикмахерской. |
Match the people with their workplaces.
| 1. | дипломат | посольство |
| 2. | инженер | ресторан |
| 3. | балерина | больница |
| 4. | доктор | магазин |
| 5. | музыкант | библиотека |
| 6. | учитель | парикмахерская |
| 7. | секретарь | аптека |
| 8. | агроном | гостиница |
| 9. | ветеринар | школа |
| 10. | пилот | цирк |
| 11. | механик | театр |
| 12. | фотограф | гараж |
| 13. | фармацевт | планетарий |
| 14. | клоун | министерство |
| 15. | официант | ветеринарная больница |
| 16. | продавец | фотолаборатория |
| 17. | библиотекарь | консерватория |
| 18. | парикмахер | завод |
| 19. | кассир | аэропорт |
| 20. | администратор | касса |
| 21. | астроном | ферма |
Using the information on the previous page and the patterns below, ask:
a. Who works in the places in the right hand column:
А. Кто работает в цирке?
Р. Клоун.
b. Where the people in the left hand column work:
P. Где работает клоун?
А. Клоун работает в цирке.
Match the words indicating professions with the pictures on the next page by putting the appropriate number in the space provided:
| дипломат | _________ | атлет | _________ | пилот | _________ |
| фотограф | _________ | астроном | _________ | музыкант | _________ |
| студент | _________ | инженер | _________ | доктор | _________ |
| архитектор | _________ | агроном | _________ | шофёр | _________ |
| художник | _________ | профессор | _________ | ветеринар | _________ |
| секретарь | _________ | балерина | _________ | фармацевт | _________ |
| 1. |  |
2. |  |
3. |  |
| 4. |  |
5. |  |
6. |  |
| 7. |  |
8. |  |
9. |  |
| 10. |  |
11. |  |
12. |  |
| 13. |  |
14. |  |
15. |  |
| 16. |  |
17. |  |
18. |  |
Choose the most appropriate answers to the following questions:
| 1. | Где вы работаете? |
|
| 2. | Кто вы по специальности? |
|
| 3. | Вы любите свою профессию? |
|
| 4. | Где американское посольство? |
|
In Russian, the week starts with Monday. When writing, Russians do not capitalize the names of the days of the week.
Listen and repeat:
| понедельник (в понедельник) | Monday (on Monday) |
| вторник (во вторник) | Tuesday (on Tuesday) |
| среда (в среду) | Wednesday (on Wednesday) |
| четверг (в четверг) | Thursday (on Thursday) |
| пятница (в пятницу) | Friday (on Friday) |
| суббота (в субботу) | Saturday (on Saturday) |
| воскресенье (в воскресенье) | Sunday (on Sunday) |
Some of the names for the days of the week are related to numbers: вторник comes from второй (second), четверг from четвёртый (fourth), and пятница from пятый (fifth). Среда is related to середина which means middle. Суббота is related to Sabbath and воскресенье refers to the Resurrection.
Using the model, tell which day of the week you're free.
Я свободен (свободна) в субботу.
Make up a schedule in Russian for the week. Use the following model:
В субботу - бассейн.
You're going to the swimming pool бассейн twice this week: Monday and Friday.
Monday you're going to the movies кино.
You have a ticket to the theater театр on Saturday and you're going to a concert концерт on Sunday.
On Sunday you'll go for a walk in the park парк.
Friday is dinner in a restaurant ресторан.
On Tuesday you'll be studying in the library библиотека.
You're going to the store магазин on Thursday.
You're going to the art museum музей on Wednesday.
| январь | (в январе) |
| февраль | (в феврале) |
| март | (в марте) |
| апрель | (в апреле) |
| май | (в мае) |
| июнь | (в июне) |
a. Listen as your instructor reads the months of the year aloud.
b. Listen again as he/she reads the months out of order. Number this list in the order you heard them.
| январь | ____________________ | июль | ____________________ |
| февраль | ____________________ | август | ____________________ |
| март | ____________________ | сентябрь | ____________________ |
| апрель | ____________________ | октябрь | ____________________ |
| май | ____________________ | ноябрь | ____________________ |
| июнь | ____________________ | декабрь | ____________________ |
 |
Listen to the dialog as recorded on the tape. When you are finished, discuss it with your classmates. What were you able to understand? Listen to the dialog again to check your comprehension. Ask your instructor for help if you need it. Now answer the questions below.
| A. | Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F): | |
| 1. | Vera works in the Canadian embassy. | ____________________ |
| 2. | Vera works in the Admin Section. | ____________________ |
| 3. | She speaks English well. | ____________________ |
| 4. | Only Americans work in the American Embassy. | ____________________ |
| 5. | Vera's friend doesn't like Moscow at all. | ____________________ |
| B. | Answer the following questions: |
| 1. | Who works in the American Embassy? Vera or Igor? |
| 2. | What is Vera's profession? |
| 3. | What languages does Vera know? |
| 4. | Does Vera's friend speak Russian? |
| 5. | How does Vera describe her friend? |
| 6. | Where else had Vera's friend worked before coming to Moscow? |
| 7. | Is Igor at all interested in meeting Vera's friend? |
As its name indicates, the locative/prepositional case, with the help of 2 prepositions В and HA, shows location (answers the question Где? Where?)
Где книга?
-Книга на столе.
Где дети?
-Дети в школе.
Где они живут?
-Они живут в Москве.
Где он работает?
-Он работает в американском посольстве.
Где (находится) магазин?
-Магазин на Тверской улице.
It is also used with the preposition O, to answer the questions О ком? About whom? and О чём? About what?
О ком вы говорите?
-Мы говорим о президенте.
О ком вы думаете?
-Мы думаем об учительнице.
О чём он спрашивает?
-Он спрашивает о моей работе.
The table below shows the forms of the Locative/Prepositional case (L) for nouns and adjectives, and compares them to the Nominative (N), Accusative (A) and Genitive (G) forms.
| OH | ОНА | ОНО | ОНИ | |
| N | новый студент старый дом |
новая студентка старая квартира |
новое слово старое кресло |
новые студенты старые костюмы |
| A | нового студента старый дом |
новую студентку старую квартиру |
новое слово старое кресло |
новых студентов старые костюмы |
| G | нового студента старого дома |
новой студентки старой квартиры |
нового слова старого кресла |
новых студентов старых костюмов |
| L | о новом студенте о/в старом доме |
о новой студентке о/в старой квартире |
о/в новом слове о/в старом кресле |
о новых студентах о/в старых костюмах |
The table below shows the Locative/Prepositional case forms for the personal pronouns, and compares them to the Nominative, Accusative and Genitive.
| N | я | ты | он | она | мы | вы | они |
| A | меня | тебя | его | её | нас | вас | их |
| G | меня | тебя | его | её | нас | вас | их |
| L | обо мне | о тебе | о нём | о ней | о нас | о вас | о них |
| администратор | administrator |
| военный атташе | defense attache |
| дипломат | diplomat |
| инженер (-механик) | engineer, mechanic |
| консул | consul |
| любить | to love, to like |
| я люблю, он любит, вы любите | |
| министерство | department, ministry |
| отдел | section |
| посол | ambassador |
| посольство | embassy |
| работать | to work |
| я работаю, он работает, вы работаете | |
| работа | work, job |
| секретарь | secretary |
| специальность | area of specialization |
| Конечно! | Of course! Certainly! |
| Кто вы по специальности? | What do you do? |
| Где вы работаете? | Where do you work? |
| Где американское посольство? | Where is the American Embassy? |
| Вы любите свою работу? | Do you like your job? |
| один (одна) | one |
| два (две) | two |
| три | three |
| четыре | four |
| пять | five |
| шесть | six |
| семь | seven |
| восемь | eight |
| девять | nine |
| десять | ten |
| одиннадцать | eleven |
| двенадцать | twelve |
| тринадцать | thirteen |
| четырнадцать | fourteen |
| пятнадцать | fifteen |
| шестнадцать | sixteen |
| семнадцать | seventeen |
| восемнадцать | eighteen |
| девятнадцать | nineteen |
| двадцать | twenty |
| понедельник | Monday |
| вторник | Tuesday |
| среда | Wednesday |
| четверг | Thursday |
| пятница | Friday |
| суббота | Saturday |
| воскресенье | Sunday |
Table of Contents
- Где вы живёте?
- Setting the scene
- Диалог №1
- Вариант диалога №1
- Диалог №2
- Вариант диалога №2
- Упражнение №1.
- Упражнение №2.
- Упражнение №3.
- Упражнение №4.
- Упражнение №5.
- Упражнение №6.
- Упражнение №7.
- Упражнение №8.
- Упражнение №9.
- Упражнение №10.
- Упражнение №11.
- Упражнение №12.
- Упражнение №13.
- Упражнение №14.
- Упражнение №15.
- Упражнение №16.
- Упражнение №17.
- Listening Comprehension Exercise
- In case you were wondering
- Useful words and expressions
- Numbers
| Lesson №6 |
| WHERE DO YOU LIVE? |
| УРОК № 6 |
 |
«В гостях хорошо, а дома лучше» as the Russians say: "There's no place like home". And this is true even if home is in the taiga in Siberia, down along the Volga or beyond the Ural mountains. Russians in the major metropolitan areas and the larger cities live in high-rise apartment buildings, whereas those in the rural areas tend to live in single-family homes. A drive through провинция the provinces will reward you with glimpses of those homes which are usually wooden, single-story and often brightly painted and decorated. Quite a contrast to the concrete monsters in the major urban areas!
Housing, whether in terms of quality or quantity, has always been a problem in Russia and continues to be so today. The recent move toward privatization has made it possible for some Russians to buy their apartments from the government; others must continue to live in government-owned and subsidized housing. For the foreign buyer, while supply might exceed demand, real estate prices in Moscow and St. Petersburg proper rival those in cities such as New York, London and Tokyo. But many Russians still find themselves in situations where multiple families have individual rooms in a коммуналка communal apartment and others must live in cramped quarters with their extended families.
A Russian and an American are talking about where they live.
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the appropriate manner.
p. | Линда, я переехал на новую квартиру. | Linda, I moved to a new apartment. |
A. | Поздравляю! А где ваша новая квартира? | Congratulations! Where is your new apartment? |
P. | Недалеко от станции метро "Проспект Мира". | Not far from the Metro Station "Prospect Mira". |
A. | А какой у вас адрес? | What is your address? |
P. | Проспект Мира дом 2, квартира 5. | 2 Prospect Mira, apartment 5. |
A. | Катя, я переехал в новый дом. | Katya, I moved to a new house. |
P. | Поздравляю! А где ваш новый дом? | Congratulations! Where is your new house? |
A. | Далеко, в новом районе в Росинке. | It's far away, in a new district; in Rosinka. |
P. | А какой у вас адрес? | What's your address? |
A. | Росинка 720. | 720 Rosinka. |
P. | Линда, скажите пожалуйста, где вы сейчас живёте? | Linda, please tell me, where are you living now? |
A. | Сейчас я живу в Росинке, недалеко от Москвы. | I live in Rosinka now, not far from Moscow. |
P. | А где вы жили в Америке? | And where did you live in America? |
A. | Я жила в штате Мэриленд. | I lived in Maryland. |
P. | Вы жили в доме или в квартире? | Did you live in a house or in an apartment? |
A. | Я жила в доме. | I lived in a house. |
p. | Марк, скажите пожалуйста, где вы сейчас живёте? | Mark, tell me please, where do you live now? |
A. | Сейчас я живу на Ленинском проспекте, недалеко от центра города. | I live on Leninskiy Prospect now, not far from the center of the city (downtown). |
P. | А где вы жили в Америке? Я жил в Нью-Йорке. | And where did you live in America? I lived in New York. |
P. | Вы жили в доме или в квартире? | Did you live in a house or in an apartment? |
A. | Я жил в квартире. | I lived in an apartment. |
Listen to the following questions and choose the appropriate answers from those given below.
Где ваша новая квартира?
Какой у вас адрес?
Где вы сейчас живёте?
А где вы жили в Америке?
Вы жили в квартире или в доме?
a. Я жил в штате Мэриленд.
b. Сейчас я живу в Росинке.
c. Проспект Мира дом 2, квартира 5.
d. В доме.
e. Недалеко от станции метро «Проспект Мира».
a. Answer the following question, using the model:
-Где вы сейчас живёте?
-Сейчас я живу в Москве.
1.
Алма-Ата
6. Екатеринбург
2.
Рига
7. Владивосток
3.
Киев
8. Ташкент
4.
Ереван
9. Петербург
5.
Минск
10. Тбилиси
b. Answer the following question, using the model:
-А где вы жили в Америке? (В каком штате?)
-В Америке я жил(а) в Нью-Йорке.
1.
Мэриленд
6. Флорида
2.
Вашингтон
7. Невада
3.
Техас
8. Монтана
4.
Мичиган
9. Айова
5.
Мэн
10. Индиана
Translate the following into Russian:
Where do you live?
I live in Moscow?
Where did you live?
I lived in America.
What's your address?
Washington is a beautiful city.
New York is a big city.
Congratulations!
Do you live in a house or an apartment? 10.1 live in an apartment.
With your instructor playing the role of the Russian, act out the dialogs. At first adhere closely to the original. Then use as many variations as possible.
Listen and repeat as the numbers from 20-100 are read on the tape.
| 20 | двадцать | 30 | тридцать | 40 | сорок | 50 | пятьдесят |
| 60 | шестьдесят | 70 | семьдесят | 80 | восемьдесят | 90 | девяносто |
| 100 | сто |
Your instructor will count by tens from 20 to 100 a number of times. Each time he/she will skip a number. Which one was it?
Listen and follow along in your books as the following series of numbers are read on the tape. Now listen again, with your books closed. Repeat after the speaker:
a. 100--50--20--40-30-60--90--70
b. 70--90--60--30--40-20-50--100
с. 40-20-30--10- 50--70--90-60
d. Look at the pictures and count.
 |
Using the list of addresses given here, act out one of the dialogs with your instructor.
Американское посольство, Новинский бульвар 19/23
Ул. Большая Ордынка 50
Донская ул. 18/7
Кутузовский проспект 7/4, корпус 2
Крутицкий вал 3, корпус 2
Ленинский проспект 93, корпус 2, подъезд 3
Ломоносовский проспект 38
Серпуховский вал 8
Ул. Вавилова 83
Your instructor will read several Moscow addresses aloud. Write them down in English and then find them on a map of Moscow. Now listen again as your instructor reads the list once more. This time write down the addresses in Russian.
Look at the picture and tell which cities Иван Иванович and his wife Варвара Петровна (the owners of these suitcases) have visited. Use the model:
Они были в Ростове.
Они были в Одессе.
 |
While on vacation, you made a number of new friends. Did you remember to get their addresses? Good! Read them aloud, telling your classmates where each of them lives by using the model:
| Это мой знакомый Иван | Он живёт в Москве. |
| Это моя знакомая Мария. | Она живёт в Киеве. |
1. | Иван | Москва Тверской бульвар 10, квартира 15 |
2. | Николай | Ташкент ул. Дружбы 19, квартира 20 |
3. | Александр | Санкт-Петербург Невский проспект 22, квартира 15 |
4. | Григорий | Кострома ул. Малая Садовая 9, квартира 10 |
5. | Мария | Киев ул. Богатырская 4, квартира 55 |
6. | Наташа | Минск Рыбный переулок 30, квартира 2 |
7. | Ольга | Бишкек Большой Козловский проспект 12, квартира 49 |
While in Moscow, you mailed several business and personal letters. They were returned to you because you made mistakes in addressing them. Take a look at the envelopes, find your mistakes and correct them.
 |
Choose the most appropriate answers to the following questions:
1. | Где вы живёте? |
|
2. | В каком городе вы жили? |
|
3. | Какой у вас дом? |
|
4. | Что есть на вашей улице? |
|
You've found a lost child (played by your instructor). Ask his/her name, where he/she lives, etc. Recall that you should address the child as «ты». Relate that information to the militiaman (played by your instructor, whom you'll address as «вы») who has come to help.
Ask various instructors in the Russian Section where they live now and where they used to live in the Former Soviet Union. Remember that you'll be addressing them as «вы». Come back and tell your classmates what you found out. Use the models given here:
Скажите, пожалуйста, где вы сейчас живёте?
А где вы раньше жили?
Listen to the dialog as recorded on the tape. When you are finished, discuss it with your classmates. What were you able to understand? Listen to the dialog again to check your comprehension. Ask your instructor for help if you need it. Now answer the questions below.
A. Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F):
The conversation is between an American and a Russian.
The American lives on compound now.
Maureen had a big apartment.
She moved to Rosinka in March.
There are 3 new grocery stores near Rosinka.
B. Answer the following questions:
Where does Maureen live now? Where did she used to live?
Why did she move to Rosinka?
What kind of house does she have now?
Does she have any pets? If yes, what and how many?
Does Maureen like music? If yes, does she have a favorite composer?
How does Maureen get to the "Bolshoj theater"?
What do you think Igor's next move will be?
Compared to the complexity of the English verbal system, the Russian one is quite simple.
| PAST | I worked I did work I was working I had worked I had been working | Я работал |
| PRESENT | I work I do work I am working I have worked I habe been working | Я работаю |
| FUTURE | I will work I will be working I will have worked I will have been working I am going to work I am going to be working | Я буду работать |
Past tense verbs agree with their subjects (which are always in the nominative case) in gender or number. To form the past tense, take the infinitive работать, drop the ending -ть and add -л, -ла, -ло or -ли.
Он | Она | Оно | Они |
я работал | я работала | мы работали | |
ты работал | ты работала | вы работали | |
он работал | она работала | оно работало | они работали |
Present tense verbs agree with their subjects (which are always in the nominative case) in person and number. There are two conjugation patterns for the present tense. They differ only by the vowel which is used in the endings:
| First conjugation | Second conjugation |
|---|---|
| я работаю | я говорю |
| ты работаешь | ты говоришь |
| он работает | он говорит |
| она работает | она говорит |
| оно работает | оно говорит |
| мы работаем | мы говорим |
| вы работаете | вы говорите |
| они работают | они говорят |
There are two ways to form verbs in the future tense:
Using a "helping verb" plus the imperfective infinitive:
Conjugating a perfective infinitive:
The terms imperfective and perfective refer to the distinction between 2 verbs whose actual meaning is the same, but whose focus shifts from viewing the action as process (ongoing in the past, present or future) to viewing a "limit" having been reached (in the past or future; present is precluded). Sometimes this limit is an "end" (a result) and other times it is a "beginning". For a more complete explanation of this phenomenon, consult a Russian grammar.
адрес | address |
бульвар | boulevard, avenue |
далеко | far, far away |
дом | house, home |
квартира | apartment |
недалеко | not far, not far away |
новый новая, новое, новые | new |
переехать | to move |
переулок | lane, side street |
проспект | avenue |
район | district, area |
улица | street |
штат | state (in United States) |
я переехал(а) | I moved |
Поздравляю! | Congratulations! |
Где вы живёте? | Where do you live? |
Где вы жили? | Where did you live? |
Какой у вас адрес? | What is your address? |
Вы живёте в доме? | Do you live in a house? |
Вы живёте в квартире? | Do you live in an apartment? |
Я жил(а) в штате... | I lived in the state of... |
Note the way in which compound numbers are formed:
двадцать | twenty |
двадцать один | twenty-one |
двадцать два... | twenty-two |
тридцать | thirty |
тридцать три | thirty-three |
тридцать четыре... | thirty-four |
сорок | forty |
сорок пять | forty-five |
сорок шесть... | forty-six |
пятьдесят | fifty |
пятьдесят семь | fifty-seven |
пятьдесят восемь... | fifty-eight |
шестьдесят | sixty |
шестьдесят девять | sixty-nine |
семьдесят | seventy |
восемьдесят | eighty |
девяносто | ninety |
сто | one hundred |
сто один | one hundred and one |
сто два... | one hundred and two |
Table of Contents
- Мы идём в магазин!
- В магазине
- Setting the scene
- Beyond matryoshka
- Сколько? сколько стоит?
- Мы идём на рынок!
- На рынке
- Setting the scene
- Beyond apples and oranges
- Setting the scene
- Setting the scene
- What's going on?
- Numbers from 100-1000
- Setting the scene
- Whats going on?
- Beyond samovars
- Listening Comprehension Exercise
- In case you were wondering
- Personal Pronouns
- Useful words and expressions
- Numbers
- Colors
| Lesson №7 |
| SHOPPING |
| УРОК № 7 |
 |
Thanks to the inroads capitalism has made into Russia, shopping is less of a chore than it ever used to be. During the Soviet period, when various goods would disappear from the state-owned stores, usually with little or no warning and for no apparent reasons, the foreign community (with its валюта hard currency) nearly always had everything it needed or wanted, thanks to the stores known as Берёзка which were off-limits to Soviet citizens. Today, however, Moscow and St. Petersburg and to a lesser extent the capitals of the Newly Independent States are inundated with stores which sell those same goods openly and at prices which are on a par with those in Western Europe and the US. Some of these stores are owned and operated by foreign concerns, some are joint ventures and still others are owned and operated by Russians.
Today there are very few things which you will be unable to purchase in Moscow or St. Petersburg. Whether it is a Cadillac Seville or Arrow shirts, you can be pretty certain that somewhere in the city there's somebody selling just what you need. The big problem today is not whether or not you CAN buy something, but WHERE you're going to find it in the forest of new stores that has replaced the simple берёзки.
For the most part, you'll be shopping in Moscow and St. Petersburg in stores which operate the same way they do in the US. However, there may be times when you'll stop in at a Russian store which still uses an older, and at times frustrating, multi-step system of purchasing and payment:
Decide what it is you wish to purchase. Ask the price.
The salesperson will give you а чек and ask you to pay at the касса. While you are doing that, he/she will be wrapping up your purchase.
After paying, you will return to the salesperson with either a receipt showing payment, or your original чек stamped, which you'll hand over in exchange for your purchase.
Russian law now stipulates that there is one currency for the entire country and that is the рубль which is divided into 100 копейка. Because of inflation however, копейки have disappeared. In spite of this law, you will still be able to make purchases in many stores (especially those which are foreign-owned) using СКВ свободно конвертируемая валюта freely convertible currency (dollars, marks, francs and pounds sterling). Major credit cards are readily accepted in many locations in Moscow and St. Petersburg, more rarely in other large cities, and almost never in the smaller ones.
Think big when you think of prices in Russia! When writing these large numbers, Russians use а точка period to indicate the decimal point rather than а запятая comma.
For example:
12.000 руб.= 12,000 rubles
7,5 руб. = 7.50 rubles (7 rubles and 50 kopecs)
An American is buying а матрёшка wooden nesting doll at «Подарки» "Gifts".
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the (appropriate manner.
| В магазине «подарки» | ||
|---|---|---|
А. | Девушка! | Miss! |
P. | Да. Что вы хотите? | Yes. What do you want? |
А. | Покажите, пожалуйста, матрёшку. | Show me a matryoshka, please. |
Р. | Какую матрёшку вам показать? Вот эту? | Which one do you want me to show you? This one? |
А. | Да, пожалуйста, эту. Сколько она стоит? | Yes, please, this one. How much is it? |
Р. | Тридцать пять тысяч рублей. | 35,000 roubles. |
А. | Сколько? | How much? |
Р. | Тридцать пять тысяч рублей. Платите в кассу. | 35,000 roubles. Pay at the register. |
А. | Молодой человек! | Young man! |
Р. | Да... | Yes?.. |
А. | Я хочу купить платок. | 1 want to buy a shawl. |
Р. | Какой платок вам показать? Вот этот? | Which one would you like me to show you? This one? |
А. | Да, пожалуйста, этот. Сколько он стоит? | Yes, please, this one. How much is it? |
Р. | Семьдесят тысяч рублей. | 70,000 roubles. |
А. | Сколько? | How much? |
Р. | Семьдесят тысяч рублей. Платите в кассу. | 70,000 roubles. Pay at the register. |
Listen to the following questions and choose the appropriate answers from those given below.
Что вы хотите?
Какой платок вам показать?
Сколько стоит эта матрёшка?
a. Покажите, пожалуйста, вот эту матрёшку.
b. Тридцать пять тысяч рублей.
c. Вот этот, пожалуйста.
Miss!
I want to buy a matryoshka.
Please show me that matryoshka.
How much does this matryoshka cost?
I would like to buy a shawl.
Please show me that shawl.
How much does it cost?
Where is the register?
Here are some phrases you'll find helpful in creating your own dialogs.
Покажите, пожалуйста, самовар. | Please show me a samovar. |
| Покажите, пожалуйста, блузку. | Please show me a blouse. |
| Покажите, пожалуйста, кольцо. | Please show me a ring. |
| Покажите, пожалуйста, серьги. | Please show me the earrings. |
| Какой самовар вам показать? | Which samovar would you like to see? |
| Вот этот. | This one. |
| Какую матрёшку вам показать? | Which matryoshka would you like to see? |
| Вот эту. | This one. |
| Какое кольцо вам показать? | Which ring would you like to see? |
| Вот это. | This one. |
| Какие часы вам показать? Вот эти. | Which watch would you like to see? This one. |
| Я хочу купить русский сувенир. | I want to buy a Russian souvenir. |
Я хочу купить хохлому. | I want to buy some Khokhloma. |
Я хочу купить это кольцо. | I want to buy this ring. |
Я хочу купить золотые серьги. | I want to buy the gold earrings. |
Complete the sentences according to the model:
Покажите, пожалуйста, этот платок / эту матрёшку.
Покажите, пожалуйста, это кольцо / эти часы.
1. | самовар | 6. | зеркало |
2. | браслет | 7. | кольцо |
3. | шапка | 8. | бусы |
4. | игрушка | 9. | серьги |
5. | балалайка | 10. | часы |
Я хочу купить эстонский янтарь / хорошую хохлому.
Я хочу купить золотое кольцо / золотые серьги.
1. | тульский самовар | 6. | украинская керамика |
2. | маленький браслет | 7. | маленькое зеркало |
3. | шёлковый платок | 8. | янтарные бусы |
4. | меховая шапка | 9. | военные часы |
5. | большая кукла | 10 | детские игрушки |
Read through this list of items and indicate the number of the store or department in which you would buy them.
ракетка | рюкзак | книга | |||
берет | янтарь | шарф | |||
блузка | плакат | мыло | |||
инструменты | шампунь | часы | |||
фотоальбом | календарь | стул | |||
платок | браслет | вельвет | |||
игрушки | карта | перчатки | |||
сигареты | лампа | шапка | |||
радио | портрет | ручка | |||
гитара | бусы | туфли | |||
карандаши | кольцо | ваза | |||
стол | костюм | диван | |||
картина | глобус | одеколон | |||
самовар | телевизор | хрусталь |
1. | ОБУВЬ | 9. | ОДЕЖДА |
2. | «ПОДАРКИ» | 10. | СУВЕНИРЫ |
3. | «ДОМ КНИГИ» | 11. | «ДЕТСКИЙ МИР» |
4. | ТКАНИ | 12. | «ДОМ ИГРУШКИ» |
5. | ЮВЕЛИРНЫЙ | 13. | «СПОРТ» |
6. | КАНЦЕЛЯРСКИЕ ТОВАРЫ | 14. | МЕБЕЛЬ |
7. | ТАБАК | 15. | ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫЙ |
8. | ЭЛЕКТРОНИКА | 16. | КОСМЕТИКА |
You need to buy a number of gifts. Choose an item from those listed and do the following:
A. Tell the salesperson what you want to buy.
B. Ask the salesperson to show you that item.
C. Ask how much it costs.
| самовар | шапка | кольцо |
браслет | кукла | радио |
календарь | матрёшка | зеркало |
портфель | ваза |
Act out the dialogs you just created, with your instructor playing the part of the salesperson.
You want to buy a present for your boss. What do you think she might like? Which store will you need to visit? What will you need to say in the store? What if the gift is for a man?
Listen and follow along in your book as the following prices are read on the tape. Now close your book and repeat after the speaker.
a. | 90 рублей 70 рублей 20 рублей. 80 рублей 30 рублей | 10 рублей 50 рублей 100 рублей 40 рублей 60 рублей |
b. | 250 рублей 520 рублей 450 рублей 630 рублей 670 рублей | 800 рублей 860 рублей 900 рублей 230 рублей 350 рублей |
с. | 770 рублей 840 рублей 680 рублей 440 рублей | 330 рублей 760 рублей 490 рублей 180 рублей |
In addition to the usual grocery stores and supermarkets, Moscow and St. Petersburg have a large number of рынки farmers' markets. These are usually open-air affairs, though there are those which are located in large, enclosed buildings and can operate year-round. These markets are where individuals can sell the produce from their own "kitchen gardens". Here you will also find fresh flowers, a broad assortment of handmade items, such as wooden toys, knitted scarves and hats and all sorts of other things.
In the Soviet period these markets were often the only places where you would consistently find good quality фрукты fruits, овощи vegetables and мясо meat. Of course then, when the markets were the only legal havens of capitalism, the prices were much higher than they would have been in the state-owned stores. Today the markets face competition from the great number of foreign-owned stores and you'll find the market prices more or less in the line with prices in those stores.
Besides being a good source of fresh produce, the markets also provide valuable "cultural experiences". A trip to the market can be fun and interesting. But while there, you'll need to keep a close eye on your purse and wallet as these markets are the favorite haunts of pickpockets.
Unlike at the bazaars of the East, haggling over prices or negotiating for a bargain are rare phenomena in the Russian markets. You may certainly suggest to the seller than he/she give you a better deal if you buy 2 kilos of apples instead of just 1, but don't be surprised if the answer is "No".
It is common practice for the sellers to offer prospective customers a dripping forkful of homemade pickled cabbage or to tempt them with some other tasty tidbit in the hopes of a sale. You may also feel comfortable in asking to sample some produce. The best time of day to shop the markets is early in the morning as the freshest produce and meats go quickly.
The American is going to the market.
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the appropriate manner.
| A. | Девушка, почём яблоки? | Miss, how much are the apples? |
| P. | 3000 рублей килограмм. | 3,000 roubles a kilogramm. |
| A. | Дайте два килограмма. | Give me two kilograms. |
| P. | Вот, пожалуйста. | Here you go. |
| A. | Спасибо. | Thank you. |
| A. | Молодой человек! Сколькостоит кило апельсинов? | Young man! How much is a kilo of oranges? |
| P. | 6000 рублей. | 6,000 roubles. |
| A. | Дайте, пожалуйста, три кило. | Please give me three kilos. |
| P. | Вот, пожалуйста. | Here you go. |
| A. | Спасибо. | Thanks. |
Listen to the following questions and choose the appropriate answers from
those given below.
Девушка, есть апельсины?
Сколько стоит кило яблок?
Помидоры стоят десять тысяч?
a. Пять тысяч рублей.
b. Да, десять тысяч.
c. Конечно, есть!
Translate into Russian:
I want to buy apples.
Miss, do you have any oranges?
Do you want to buy oranges?
Young man, how much are the apples?
Miss, how much are the oranges?
Please give me 3 kilograms.
Give me 2 kilos, please.
Here are some phrases you'll find helpful in creating your own dialogs.
| У вас есть капуста? | Do you have any cabbage? |
| У вас есть картофель? | Do you have any potatoes? |
| У вас есть помидоры? | Do you have any tomatoes? |
| У вас есть молоко? | Do you have any milk? |
| У вас есть колбаса? | Do you have any sausage? |
| Дайте килограмм, пожалуйста. | Give me a kilogram, please. |
| Дайте полкило, пожалуйста. | Give me half a kilo, please. |
| Дайте одну штуку, пожалуйста. | Give me one piece, please. |
| Дайте пять штук, пожалуйста. | Give me five (pieces), please. |
Complete the phrase, according to the model:
А. У вас есть помидоры?
Р. Конечно, есть!
1. | картофель | 6. | мясо |
2. | хлеб | 7. | молоко |
3. | сахар | 8. | конфеты |
4. | капуста | 9. | огурцы |
5. | колбаса | 10. | помидоры |
Complete the phrase according to the model:
Дайте, пожалуйста, полкило.
Дайте, пожалуйста, одну штуку.
1. | килограмм | 6. | полкило |
2. | 2 килограмма | 7. | 2 штуки |
3. | 3 килограмма | 8. | 3 штуки |
4. | 4 килограмма | 9. | 4 штуки |
5. | 5 килограмм | 10 | 5 штук |
Listen and follow along in your book as the following prices are read on the tape. Now close your book and repeat after the speaker. Remember that «р» is the abbreviation for рублей.
| 50р. | 30р. | 20р. | 60р. | 70р. | 90р. | 40р. |
| 500р. | 200р. | 100р. | 400р. | 300р. | 350р. | 600р. |
| 900р. | 700р. | 750р. | 800р. | 80р. | 990р. | 250р. |
You are at the Центральный рынок. Ask how much the fruits and vegetables cost, referring to the pictures below and using the following model:
Сколько стоит капуста?
 |
Prepare your weekly shopping list for the рынок. Read it aloud to practice your pronunciation.
You've been asked to bring 2 salads to a party: one with fruits, the other with vegetables. Make 2 separate lists of ingredients.
The American is in а гастроном grocery store, at the dairy counter.
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the appropriate mariner.
В ГАСТРОНОМЕ | ||
А. | Скажите, пожалуйста, у вас есть молоко? | Please tell me, do you have any milk? |
Р. | Утром было, а сейчас уже нет. | We had some this morning, but now we're all out. |
А. | А творог есть? | How about cottage cheese? |
Р. | Творог есть. | We have cottage cheese. |
А. | А сколько стоит творог? | How much is the cottage cheese? |
Р. | Восемьсот рублей килограмм. | 800 rubles per kilogram. |
А. | Взвесьте, пожалуйста, полкило. | Please weigh half a kilo. |
Р. | Четыреста рублей. Платите в кассу. | Pay the cashier 400 rubles. |
A. | Хорошо. | O.K. |
| У КАССЫ | ||
А. | Четыреста рублей, пожалуйста. | 400 rubles, please. |
Р. | В какой отдел? | Which section? |
А. | В молочный. | Dairy. |
Р. | Пожалуйста. | Here you go. |
А. | Спасибо. | Thank you. |
| В МОЛОЧНОМ | ||
А. | Вот чек, пожалуйста. | Here's my receipt. |
P. | Пожалуйста, ваш творог. | And here's your cottage cheese. |
Listen to the following questions and choose the appropriate answers from
those given below.
Скажите, пожалуйста, у вас есть молоко?
А сколько стоит творог?
В какой отдел?
a. В молочный.
b. Утром было, а сейчас нет.
c. Восемьсот рублей килограмм.
Translate into Russian.
Do you have (any) milk?
I want to buy (some) milk.
How about cottage cheese?
How much is the cottage cheese?
Please weigh half a kilo.
Where's the cash register?
The American is now at the deli counter.
А. | Скажите, пожалуйста, у вас есть докторская колбаса? | Please tell me, do you have "Doctorskaya" sausage? |
Р. | Да, есть. Вам сколько? | Yes. How much do you want? |
А. | Дайте, пожалуйста, триста грамм. | Give me 300 grams, please. |
Р. | Что ещё? | What else? |
А. | Это всё. | That's it. |
Р. | Пятьсот рублей. Платите в кассу. | That's 500 roubles. Pay at the register. |
А. | Простите, у вас есть белый хлеб? | Excuse me. Do you have any white bread? |
Р. | Конечно есть. Какой вам? | Of course we do. What kind would you like? |
А. | Дайте, пожалуйста, батон. | Give me a baguette please. |
Р. | Пожалуйста. Что ещё? | Here you are. What else? |
А. | И буханку чёрного хлеба. | A loaf of black bread. |
Р. | Пожалуйста. Две тысячи четыреста рублей. Платите в кассу. | O.K. That'll be 2,400 roubles. Pay at the register. |
As in many delis in this country, sausage, cheese and a number of other items are sold in the quantities you request. You'll need to be familiar with the metric system, and if you aren't already, here's a handy chart of equivalents:
Weight 100 grams 3.5 ounces 1 kilogram (1000 grams) 2 pounds 3 ounces 454 grams 1 pound Liquid measure 1 liter 1.06 quarts 4 liters
1.05 gallons
.47 liter
1 pint
.95 liter
1 quart
Length 1 centimeter
3/8 in. (Approx)
1 meter (100cm)
39 3/8 in.
1 kilometer (1000 meters)
.62 mile
2.54 centimeters
1 in
30 centimeters
1 foot
91 centimeters
1 yard
1.61 kilometers
1 mile Russians have always been extremely proud of their bread. Many feel that no other bread in the world quite measures up to а батон or булка of белый хлеб or а буханка of чёрный хлеб. Чёрный хлеб is somewhat similar to pumpernickel, while серый хлеб may be like whole wheat, or sometimes rye.
Here are some signs you will see in the grocery store:
мясо
meat and meat products, including
мясной отдел
пельмени (frozen dumplings filled with meat). sometimes you will see the sign сегодня в продаже on sale today.
молоко
молочный отдел
milk products, including milk, sour cream, buttermilk, butter, cottage cheese.
гастрономия
гастрономический отдел
prepared foods, sausages, cold cuts, цел some canned goods
бакалея
бакалейный отдел
sugar, salt, tea, coffee, etc.
овощи-фрукты
овощной отдел
fresh and canned vegetables and fruits
хлеб
хлебный отдел
bread and bread products
рыба
рыбный отдел
fish; fresh, canned, frozen, dried, and smoked
вино
винный отдел
wine and beer
соки-воды
juices and mineral water
Ask the grocer if he/she has the items shown. Ask how much they cost.
Circle the expressions that would be helpful when shopping.
1. | Здравствуйте. |
2. | Как ваша фамилия? |
3. | Скажите, пожалуйста... |
4. | Где вы живёте? |
5. | Девушка! |
6. | Молодой человек, как вас зовут? |
7. | Покажите, пожалуйста... |
8. | До свидания. |
9. | Где вы работаете? |
10. | У вас есть семья? |
11. | У вас есть сыр? |
12. | Сколько? |
13. | Спасибо. |
14. | Дайте, пожалуйста... |
15. | Где можно купить газету? |
16. | Где касса? |
17. | Где ресторан? |
18. | Где чек? |
19. | Я не понимаю. |
20. | Что это? |
Choose the most appropriate responses to the following:
1. | Сколько стоит кило колбасы? |
|
2. | У вас есть картофель? |
|
3. | Дайте, пожалуйста, 200г сыра. |
|
4. | Что вы хотите? |
|
5. | Платите в кассу. |
|
Which word defines the category to which the rest of the words belong?
апельсин, банан, грейпфрут, лимон, мандарин, фрукты, яблоко
молоко, мясо, хлеб, продукты, рыба, фрукты
бакалея, молочный, овощной, хлебный отдел, гастроном, кондитерский отдел
Examine the charts on the following pages and make up a shopping list. Indicate the departments where you will find what you need.
You're a vegetarian but no-one else in your family is. Make up 2 weekly shopping lists.
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In which department would you find the following items? Sort them using ithe chart on the next page.
салат | колбаса | лимонад |
кофе | котлеты | апельсины |
чай | сахар | сигареты |
сыр | лук | минеральная вода |
лимоны | рыба | яблоки |
белый хлеб | горчица | вино |
масло | сосиски | виноград |
мясо | торт | конфеты |
макароны | консервы | мороженое |
редис | чёрный хлеб | помидоры |
бананы | шоколад | какао |
картофель | водка | груши |
капуста | коньяк | грейпфрут |
маргарин | ликёр | икра |
ГАСТРОНОМИЯ | БАКАЛЕЯ | ХЛЕБ |
|
|
|
МОЛОКО | МЯСО-РЫБА | ОВОЩИ-ФРУКТЫ |
|
|
|
КОНДИТЕРСКИЙ | ВИННЫЙ | СОКИ-ВОДЫ |
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Listen and repeat as the numbers from 100 to 1,000 are read on the tape.
| 100 | сто | 200 | двести | 300 | триста | 400 | четыреста |
| 500 | пятьсот | 600 | шестьсот | 700 | семьсот | 800 | восемьсот |
| 900 | девятьсот | 1000 | тысяча |
Your teacher will count from 100 to 1,000 by hundreds a number of times.
Each time he/she will skip one of the numbers. Which one was it?
Listen and follow along in your book as the following series of numbers are read on the tape. Now listen again, with your book closed. Repeat after the speaker:
| a. | 700 | 200 | 400 | 300 | 100 | 500 | 800 | 600 | 900 | 1000 |
| b. | 1000 | 400 | 800 | 600 | 300 | 100 | 700 | 200 | 500 | 900 |
| c. | 835 | 629 | 219 | 912 | 440 | 512 | 354 | 765 | 692 | 381 |
| d. | 724 | 444 | 391 | 665 | 921 | 219 | 816 | 888 | 554 | 419 |
Listen and follow along in your book as the following prices are read on the tape. Now listen again, with your book closed. Repeat after the speaker. Remember that the abbreviation p. stands for рублей.
| a. | 910р. | 150р. | 230р. | 820р. | 420р. |
| 560р. | 170р. | 690р. | 750р. | 640р. | |
| b. | 330р. | 920р. | 290р. | 440р. | 510р. |
| 160р. | 650р. | 820р. | 740р. | 1500р. | |
On our last shopping trip we're going to а комиссионный магазин consignment store or second-hand store, a good place to buy antiques, samovars, lithographs, silver, etc.
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the appropriate manner.
| В комиссионном магазине | ||
|---|---|---|
А. | Я хочу купить самовар. | I want to buy a samovar. |
Р. | У нас есть разные самовары. Посмотрите, пожалуйста. | We have all different kinds of samovars. Take a look. |
А. | Покажите этот маленький. | Show me that little one. |
Р. | Это очень хороший старый тульский самовар. | This is a very good old samovar, made in Tula. |
А. | Да, он мне нравится! Сколько он стоит? | Oh yes, I like it! How much is it? |
Р. | Четыреста тысяч рублей. | Four hundred thousand roubles. |
А. | А самовары можно вывозить из страны? | Can samovars be exported? |
Р. | Да, конечно можно. | Yes, of course. |
А. | Прекрасно! Я беру. | Great! I'll take it. |
The самовар samovar has become something of a Russian national symbol. Contrary to what many foreigners think, the samovar holds only heated water; the заварка concentrated tea is usually in а чайник small teapot which sits on top of the samovar, where it stays warm. Russians make tea by pouring the tea concentrate into a cup or glass and diluting it with boiling water. You'll often be asked: «Вам покрепче, или послабее?» "Do you like yours strong or weak?"
If you're purchasing any type of antiques in the комиссионный secondhand store or художественный салон art gallery/store, be sure you ask if what you're buying may be taken out of the country. Use the phrase «Это можно вывозить из страны?» You may have to ask for a specific type of receipt from the store and you may also need to obtain other documentation at a later date.
 |
Listen to the following questions and choose the appropriate answers from
those given below.
Что вы хотите?
Сколько стоит этот тульский самовар?
Самовары можно вывозить из страны?
a. Четыреста тысяч рублей.
b. Я хочу купить самовар.
c. Конечно, можно.
Translate into Russian.
I want to buy a samovar.
Show me this little samovar.
How much does it cost?
I like it.
OK. I'll take it.
Я хочу купить икону. | I want to buy an icon. |
Я хочу купить часы. | I want to buy a watch. |
Я хочу купить самовар. | I want to buy a samovar. |
Сколько стоит икона? | How much does the icon cost? |
Сколько стоят часы? | How much does the watch cost? |
Сколько стоит самовар? | How much does the samovar cost? |
| Иконы можно вывозить из страны? | Can icons be exported? |
| Часы можно вывозить из страны? | Can watches be exported? |
| Самовары можно вывозить из страны? | Can samovars be exported? |
Listen to the dialog as recorded on the tape. When you are finished, discuss it with your classmates. What were you able to understand? Listen to the dialog again to check your comprehension. Ask your instructor for help if you need it. Now answer the questions below.
A. Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F):
Ivan Andreevich and Raisa Nikolaevna are in a department store.
Raisa Nikolaevna needs Ivan Andreevich's help making borshch.
There are lots of tomatoes in the store that day.
The recipe for borshch calls for a kilogram of beef.
Ivan Andreevich is very grateful for Raisa Nikolaevna's help.
B. Answer the following questions:
Why was Ivan Andreevich glad to see Raisa Nikolaevna that day?
What vegetables does Raisa's recipe for borshch call for?
Where will Ivan Andreevich have to buy tomatoes? Why?
How much do tomatoes cost these days?
What was the last thing Raisa Nikolaevna told Ivan Andreevich to buy?
The dative case is used to indicate the indirect object in the sentence. In English, the indirect object will often follow a preposition such as "to" (I wrote a letter to my brother) or "for" (I bought this book for my sister.) In Russian, no preposition is needed in these sentences.
Я написал письмо брату.
Я купила эту книгу сестре.
Other uses of the dative case in Russian include:
telling your age:
Мне пятьдесят лет. I'm 50 years old. Ей пятнадцать лет. She's 15 years old. Ивану сорок лет. Ivan's 40 years old. describing how you feel:
Мне холодно. I'm cold. Ему скучно. He's bored. Тане интересно. Tanya's interested. indicating that you like someone or something:
Этот самовар мне нравится. I like that samovar. Нам нравится наш преподаватель. We like our teacher. Детям не нравится учительница. The kids don't like their teacher. with certain prepositions and verbs
Я иду к врачу. I'm going to the doctor. Он идёт по улице. He's walking along the street. Вы мне мешаете. You're bothering me.
The table below shows the forms of the Dative Case forms (D) for nouns and adjectives, and compares them to the Nominative (N), Accusative (A), Genitive (G) and Locative (L) forms.
OH | ОНА | ОНО | ОНИ | |
N | новый студент старый дом | новая студентка старая квартира | новое слово старое кресло | новые студенты старые костюмы |
A | нового студента старый дом | новую студентку старую квартиру | новое слово старое кресло | новых студентов старые костюмы |
G | нового студента старого дома | новой студентки старой квартиры | нового слова старого кресла | новых студентов старых костюмов |
L | о новом студенте о/в старом доме | о новой студентке о/в старой квартире | о/в новом слове о/в старом кресле | о/в новых студентах о/в старых костюмах |
D | новому студенту старому дому | новой студентке старой квартире | новому слову старому креслу | новым студентам старым костюмам |
The table below shows the Dative Case forms for the personal pronouns and compares them to the Nominative (N), Accusative (A), Genitive (G) and Locative (L) forms.
N | я | ты | он | она | мы | вы | они |
A | меня | тебя | его | её | нас | вас | их |
G | меня | тебя | его | её | нас | вас | их |
L | обо мне | о тебе | о нём | о ней | о нас | о вас | о них |
D | мне | тебе | (н)ему | (н)ей | нам | вам | (н)им |
бусы | beads |
бутылка | bottle |
гастроном | grocery store |
деньги | money |
игрушка | toy |
карандаш | pencil |
картина | painting |
касса | cash register |
книга | book |
колбаса | sausage |
кольцо | ring |
купить | to buy |
магазин | store |
матрёшка | Russian wooden nesting doll |
молоко | milk |
молочный | milk (adj.) |
обувь | shoes (footwear) |
одежда | clothes |
платить | to pay |
платок | shawl, scarf |
подарок | present, gift |
показать | to show |
понимать | to understand |
портфель | briefcase |
продукты | groceries |
рубль (рубля, рублей) | rouble (roubles) |
ручка | pen |
рынок (на рынке) | farmer's market |
сейчас | now |
серьги | earrings |
серый | grey |
сколько? | how much? how many? |
сумка | bag, purse |
творог | cottage cheese |
ткани | fabrics |
туфли | shoes |
уже | already |
утром | in the morning |
хлеб | bread |
хотеть я хочу, он хочет, вы хотите | to want I want, he wants, you want |
часы | watch |
шапка | hat |
штука | piece |
этот, это, эта | this |
эти | these |
ювелирный | jewelry (adj.) |
янтарь | amber |
Дайте, пожалуйста... | Give me, please.... |
Девушка! | Miss! |
Молодой человек! | Young man! |
Платите в кассу. | Pay at the cash register. |
Покажите, пожалуйста | Show me, please.... |
Сколько стоит ..? | How much does cost? |
Что вы хотите? | What do you want? |
У вас есть...? | Do you have ? |
сто | one hundred |
двести | two hundred |
триста | three hundred |
четыреста | four hundred |
пятьсот | five hundred |
шестьсот | six hundred |
семьсот | seven hundred |
восемьсот | eight hundred |
девятьсот | nine hundred |
тысяча две/три/четыре тысячи пять тысяч | one thousand two/three/four thousand five thousand |
Table of Contents
| Lesson №8 |
| IN A RESTAURANT |
| УРОК № 8 |
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«Щи да каша, пища наша» "A loaf of bread, a jug of wine..." If only it were that simple! Food: how to get it, how to cook it and finally, how to eat it, has occupied the thoughts of Russians in everything from classic works of literature to everyday life. Open Gogol's famous novel «Мёртвые души» Dead Souls to almost any page, and you'll be greeted with detailed descriptions of all kinds of culinary delights as experienced by the intrepid Chichikov. And this is just one example! Even the casual reader of Russian literature or the viewer of Russian painting will find that food has played an integral part in Russian life down through the years, across class lines and in and out of the arts.
As you read in the previous lesson, shopping for food in the Soviet period was, more often than not, an adventure. The same could be said for a night out at а ресторан restaurant. Just as good-quality housing was in short supply, good restaurants were few and far between in those days. And the best ones were simply off limits to the common folk.
Not so any more! Moscow and St. Petersburg alike now boast a large number of restaurants which cater to nearly every cuisine and taste imaginable. As with stores, some of these are foreign-owned, some are joint ventures and still others belong wholly to Russians. In any case, you will find that together with variety comes unpredictability: high-priced isn't always a guarantee of high-quality; high-quality one day does not guarantee it the next... And service? The same holds true: sometimes you're lucky, and sometimes you're not. The Russians themselves are painfully aware of the reputation their service has acquired over the years and many establishments are trying hard to emulate what they consider a Western standard of good service. They've even gone so far as to state in their help-wanted ads that "anyone having prior experience in Soviet restaurants need not apply".
It is a good idea to keep in mind that, for many Russians, a night out in a restaurant is an event, and there is little reason to rush. What we might perceive as slow service is simply the staff's understanding that, if you're out to enjoy yourself, why hurry? If you are in a hurry, on the other hand, you'd best tell your официант waiter or официантка waitress that ahead of time.
As in most restaurants in this country, reservations are encouraged at Moscow and St. Petersburg establishments. It's now possible, and quite easy to pick up the phone and call for reservations by saying:
| Я хочу заказать столик | I'd like to reserve a table |
| на имя... (your last name) | for... (your name) |
| на субботу на 20 часов. | for Saturday at 8:00pm. |
When you get to the restaurant, tell the швейцар doorman that you have a reservation by saying:
| Для меня заказан столик. | I have a reservation. |
| Моя фамилия (your name) | My name is (your name). |
In most hotels you'll find in addition to the ресторан буфеты snack bars on some floors; pretty handy when all you want is a cup of coffee or tea and a sandwich. You'll also find кафе cafe or ночной бар night bar which caters to the late-night crowd and serves alcoholic and other beverages, coffee and snacks. The night bars will often have some kind of "show", either in the form of live entertainment or recorded music.
If you're staying in hotels, regardless of whether they're in Moscow, St. Petersburg or elsewhere, you'll find that завтрак breakfast is usually included in your room charge. In many of the tourist hotels, this is in the form of a шведский стол breakfast buffet which might include cheese, sausages and bread for sandwiches; some sort of salad, каша hot cereal, fried eggs, fruits, mineral water, juice, coffee and tea. Of course, if you're travelling first-class, there'll be room service as well.
Keep in mind that most Russians like to have обед dinner, a big meal in the middle of the day. In a restaurant, this will likely include appetizers, soup and a main course. Ужин supper, the evening meal is lighter and soups are usually not offered in restaurants then. However, you'll always find exceptions to this "rule".
What follows is a list of restaurants in Moscow and St. Petersburg. We don't guarantee that any or all of these establishments will still be operating when you get there, and we can't vouch for their quality as well!
Приятного аппетита!
| Moscow restaurants | ||
|---|---|---|
«АРАГВИ» | Тверская ул. 6 | тел. 229-37-62 |
«ГЛАЗУРЬ» | Смоленский бульвар 12 | тел. 248-44-38 |
«ЕВРОПЕЙСКИЙ ЗАЛ» | Гостиница «Метрополь» | тел. 927-60-39 |
«РАЗГУЛЯЙ» | Спартаковская 11 | тел. 267-76-13 |
«РУССКАЯ ИЗБА» | Деревня Ильинское | тел. 561-42-44 |
«САВОЙ» | Рождественка 3 | тел. 929-86-00 |
«СОРОК ЧЕТЫРЕ» | Ленинградский пр. 44 | тел. 159-99-51 |
«СЛАВЯНСКИЙ БАЗАР» | Никольская 13 | тел. 921-18-72 |
«У БАБУШКИ» | Ул. Большая Ордынка | тел. 230-73-33 |
«МАКДОНАЛДС» | Пл. Пушкина | тел. 200-16-55 |
«ПИЦЦА ХАТ» | Кутузовский пр. 17 | тел. 229-20-13 |
| In St. Petersburg: | |
|---|---|
«АСТОРИЯ» | Исаакиевская площадь 2 |
«БАКУ» | Садовая 12/73 |
«КАВКАЗСКИЙ» | Невский проспект 25 |
«САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГ» | Пироговская набережная 5 |
«МЕТРОПОЛЬ» | Садовая 25 |
«МОСКВА» | Невский проспект 49 |
«НЕВА» | Невский проспект 46 |
The American has arrived at a restaurant without a reservation.
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try tounderstand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said.Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are alsoresponsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in theappropriate manner.
| В ресторане | ||
|---|---|---|
А. | Скажите, пожалуйста, этот столик свободен? | Pardon me, is this table free? |
Р. | Да, садитесь, пожалуйста. Вот меню. | Yes. Please, have a seat. Here's a menu. |
А. | Спасибо. | Thank you. |
Р. | Что будете заказывать? | What will you be ordering? |
| A. | У вас есть свободный стол? | Do you have any free tables? |
| P. | Да, пожалуйста, вот этот. | Yes, this one [is free]. |
| A. | Принесите, пожалуйста, меню. | Bring me a menu, please. |
| P. | Одну минуту, сейчас принесу. | Just a minute. I'll get it for you. |
Listen to the following and choose the apppropriate responses from those given below.
У вас есть свободный стол?
Этот столик свободен?
Принесите, пожалуйста, меню.
a. Одну минуту, сейчас принесу.
b. Да, садитесь, пожалуйста.
c. Да, пожалуйста, вот этот.
Translate into Russian.
Pardon me, is this table free?
Do you have any free tables?
Here's a menu.
What will you be ordering?
The menu often begins with a section called «фирменные блюда» specialty dishes (or "specials of the day"), and the notation «шеф-повар рекомендует сегодня» "the chef recommends..."
The next section закуски hors d'œuvres is divided into холодные закуски cold hors d'oeuvres and горячие закуски hot hors d'oeuvres. Here are some закуски:
икра черная, зернистая | black caviar |
икра паюсная | pressed caviar |
икра красная (кетовая) | red caviar |
лососина копчёная | smoked salmon |
осетрина | sturgeon |
ветчина | ham |
сыр | cheese |
салат | salad |
грибы | mushrooms |
маринованные грибы | marinated mushrooms |
маслины | olives |
Salads are also popular as закуски:
| зелёний салат | gree salad |
| салат из огурцов | cucumber salad |
| салат из лука | spring onion salad |
| салат из помидоров | tomato salad |
| салат из редиски | radish salad |
A Russian салат is ususally potato salad, unless indixcated otherwise (as the above list shows).
The next section on the menu is супы soups. They will be designated on the menu as первое (literally "fisrt soup"). Russians consider soup an important part of the middday meal. Some soups are served with sour cream, fresh chopped dill or spring onions. Пирожки meat pies or small bowl of каша cooked buckwheat may accompany certain kind of soup.
Russain soups include:
Борщ made with beef stocks, beets, onions, cabbage, potatoes and carrots. It is often served with sour cream.
Щи made with cabbage but no beets. It is considered to be Russian while Борщ is Ukrainian. Different types of щи include:
| мясные щи | meat щи |
| вегетарианские щи | vegetarian щи |
| свежие щи | fresh cabbage щи |
| кислые щи | щи made with pickled cabbage |
| суточные щи | yesterday's щи (supposed to improve but standing overnight) |
Рассольник made with chicken giblets, veal kidneys, vegetables and pickles and served with sour cream.
Бульон clear broth. Often contains фрикадельки little meat balls; sometimes served с яйцом with chopped hard-boiled eggs or accompanied by пирожки с мясом meat pies.
Уха fish soup.
Солянка spicy soup made with fish, meat or sausage.
Окрошка cold summer soup made with квас kvas, beets, fresh cucumbers and hard-boiled eggs and served with fresh dill, sour cream and spring onions.
Свекольник sweet and sour beet soup, served cold with sour cream.
Харчо thick spicy soup made with lamb; a traditional Georgian soup.
Второе (literally "second course") is the main course after закуски and суп in a full Russian meal. As in the West, the main course may be fish, poultry or meat.
РЫБА fish
осетрина sturgeon форель trout камбала flounder щука pike карп carp палтус
halibut
сом
catfish
треска
cod
окунь
perch
Fish is prepared in a variety of ways:
паровая
steamed
жареная
fried
под белым соусом
in a white sauce
с лимоном
with lemon
в белом вине
in a white wine sauce
по-польски
«à la polonaise»
по-русски
«à la russe»
в тесте
batter-fried
ПТИЦА poultry:
курица, цыплёнок
chicken
индейка, индюшка
turkey
гусь
goose
утка
duck
ЦЫПЛЯТА ТАБАКА pressed chicken with garlic; a dish from the Caucasus.
КОТЛЕТЫ ПО-КИЕВСКИ Chicken Kiev.
МЯСО meat:
говядина beef свинина pork телятина veal баранина lamb
lamb
ШАШЛЫК shishkebab; usually lamb, sometimes beef
БИФШТЕКС beef steak
КОТЛЕТЫ similar to hamburgers but without a bun
АНТРЕКОТ steak
ЛАНГЕТ filet mignon
ШНИЦЕЛЬ schnitzel
БЕФСТРОГАНОВ beef stroganoff
СВИНАЯ ОТБИВНАЯ pork chop
СОСИСКИ frankfurters
ПОДЖАРКА roast meat in a casserole with potatoes
АЗУ spicy stew
Vegetarians take heart! The following dishes are often offered as main courses:
БЛИНЫ Russian style pancakes (similar to crepes) which are eaten with caviar, herring, melted butter, sour cream and for dessert, preserves.
БЛИНЧИКИ crepes filled with ricotta cheese, meat or preserves.
ПИРОЖКИ pastry filled with meat, cabbage, hard-boiled eggs or rice.
СЫРНИКИ fried ricotta cheese patties
ОЛАДЬИ fritters
МАКАРОНЫ macaroni (and spaghetti as well)
ЛАПША flat egg-noodles
ОМЛЕТ omelet
ЯИЧНИЦА scrambled or fried eggs
ТВОРОГ similar to ricotta cheese, served with sour cream or sugar
СМЕТАНА sour cream
ПИРОЖНОЕ pastry, tart
ТОРТ layer cake
МОРОЖЕНОЕ ice cream
СЛИВОЧНОЕ vanilla
ШОКОЛАДНОЕ chocolate
БЛИНЧИКИ crepes
С ВАРЕНЬЕМ with jam
СВЕЖИЕ ФРУКТЫ fresh fruit
КОМПОТ stewed fruit
КОНФЕТЫ candy
ЧАЙ tea
ЧАЙ С САХАРОМ tea with sugar
ЧАЙ С ЛИМОНОМ tea with lemon
КОФЕ coffee
ЧЁРНЫЙ КОФЕ black coffee
КОФЕ СО СЛИВКАМИ coffee with cream
КИСЕЛЬ thickened fruit juice (almost Jello)
МОРС, СОК fruit juice
ЛИМОНАД carbonated drink similar to V-Up
МИНЕРАЛЬНАЯ ВОДА mineral water
«НАРЗАН»«БОРЖОМИ»«ЕССЕНТУКИ»«БОРОДИНО» (different brands of mineral water)
СУХОЕ dry
СЛАДКОЕ sweet
КРАСНОЕ red
РОЗОВОЕ rose
БЕЛОЕ white
ШИПУЧЕЕ sparkling
ХОЛОДНОЕ chilled
КОМНАТНОЙ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ room temperature
ШАМПАНСКОЕ champagne
ПИВО beer
КОНЬЯК cognac, brandy
ВОДКА vodka
«СТОЛИЧНАЯ» considered the best brand
«СМИРНОВСКАЯ» Smirnoff, produced in the West
And finally: nothing is complete without condiments!
СОЛЬ salt
ПЕРЕЦ перец
уксус vinegar
ГОРЧИЦА mustard
САХАР sugar
On the following pages you'll find a menu from a now-defunct Russian restaurant in Baltimore. It will give you some idea of what the better restaurants in Moscow and St. Petersburg are offering these days.
The American is ordering a mid-day meal in a restaurant.
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the appropriate manner.
в pectopaнe | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | Девушка, примите, пожалуйста, заказ. | Excuse me, Miss! Could you please take my order? |
| P. | Я вас слушаю. | I'm listening. |
| A. | На закуску принесите, пожалуйста, чёрную икру. | For an appetizer, please bring me some black caviar. |
| P. | Чёрной икры нет. Есть только красная. | There's no black caviar, just red. |
| A. | Хорошо. Принесите красную. | OK. Bring me the red. |
| P. | Что вы хотите на первое? | What would you like for the first course? |
| A. | На первое борщ. | I would like some borshch. |
| P. | А что на второе? | And what about the main course? |
| A. | На второе котлеты по-киевски с гарниром. | I would like Chicken Kiev and vegetables. |
| P. | Сладкое будете заказывать? | Are you going to order dessert? |
| A. | Принесите мороженое и кофе. | Ice cream and some coffee. |
| P. | Что ещё? | What else? |
| A. | Это всё. Спасибо. | That's all thank you. |
Listen to the following phrases and choose the appropriate responses from those given below.
Девушка, примите, пожалуйста, заказ.
Что вы хотите на первое?
А что на второе?
Сладкое будете заказывать?
Что ещё?
a. Принесите мороженое и кофе.
b. Это всё. Спасибо.
c. На второе котлеты по-киевски с гарниром.
d. Я вас слушаю.
е. На первое борщ.
Translate into Russian.
Take my order, please.
I would like black caviar as an appetizer.
I would like salad as an appetizer.
I would like borshch for the first course.
I would like Chicken Kiev for the main course.
I would like ice cream and coffee for dessert.
I would like a pastry for dessert.
Nothing else, thank you.
Here are some phrases you will find helpful in creating your own dialogs.
На закуску принесите салат. | I'd like salad as an appetizer. |
На закуску принесите икру. | I'd like caviar as an appetizer. |
На закуску принесите рыбное ассорти. | I'd like some fish as an appetizer. |
На первое дайте мне борщ. | I'd like borshch for the first course. |
На первое дайте мне щи. | I'd like cabbage soup for the first course. |
На второе принесите бифштекс. | I'd like steak for the main course. |
На второе принесите рыбу. | I'd like fish for the main course. |
На второе принесите котлеты по-киевски. | I'd like Chicken Kiev for the main course. |
На сладкое принесите компот. | I'd like stewed fruit for dessert. |
На сладкое принесите торт. | I'd like cake for dessert. |
На сладкое принесите мороженое. | I'd like ice cream for dessert. |
На сладкое принесите фрукты. | I'd like fruit for dessert. |
Я голоден. | I'm hungry, (m.) |
Я голодна. | I'm hungry, (f.) |
Я хочу есть. | I want to eat. |
Я хочу пить. | I want to drink. |
Я сыт. | I'm full, (m.) |
Я сыта. | I'm full, (f.) |
Your server (played by your instructor) tells you that they don't have the following dishes. What should your response be?
Икры сегодня нет.
Салата сегодня нет.
Борща сегодня нет.
Бифштекса сегодня нет.
Мороженого сегодня нет.
Сока нет. Есть только лимонад.
Сливочного мороженого нет. Есть только шоколадное.
Торта нет. Есть только пирожные.
You have out-of-town guests and you want to take them to a nice restaurant. Choose one from the list on page 5 and call to make reservations. Don't forget to tell the person answering the phone:
Я хочу заказать стол на имя... (insert your name)
на субботу (insert the correct day)
на 20 часов, (insert the correct time)
Once at the restaurant, find out if your table is ready. Ask your server to bring menus. Try to get his/her attention when you are ready to order.
You're now ready to order. With your instructor playing the role of the waiter or waitress, order food for your entire table. Use phrases such as:
На первое я хочу...
На первое принесите...
На второе он хочет...
На сладкое она хочет...
Принесите нам ...
Act as an interpreter for one of your classmates who wants to order dinner in a restaurant. Your instructor will play the part of the waiter/waitress.
Tell your waiter/waitress that you're thirsty. Ask him/her to bring you something to drink:
Принесите мне, пожалуйста, яблочный сок.
| 1. | апельсиновый сок | 2. | кофе со сливками | 3. | чай с сахаром |
| 4. | вода со льдом | 5. | минеральная вода | 6. | молоко |
| 7. | пиво | 8. | красное вино | 9. | шампанское |
Look at the wine list on page 15 and choose a wine you would like to order. Tell the waiter/waitress your choice and ask him/her to bring it.
Here are some toasts that will come in handy at receptions and private parties.
| RUSSIAN TOASTS | |
|---|---|
За ваше здоровье! | То your health! |
За здоровье хозяина! | То the health of the host! |
За здоровье хозяйки! | To the health of the hostess! |
За ваше здоровье и благополучие! | To your health and good fortune! |
За наше будущее сотрудничество! | To our future cooperation! |
За мир и дружбу! | To peace and friendship! |
The American is paying for a meal in a restaurant.
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the appropriate manner.
| «Принесите счёт.» | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | Девушка, принесите, пожалуйста чек. | Miss, bring the check, please. |
| P. | Одну минуту. Вам вместе или отдельно? | Just a minute. Do you want one check or separate checks? |
| A. | Вместе, пожалуйста. | One check, please. |
| P. | Вот ваш счёт. | Here you go. |
| A. | Пожалуйста, получите. Сдачи не надо. | Thanks. Keep the change. |
Though a service charge of 15% is usually included in most restaurant checks, you may also tip the usual 15%-20%. Either leave it on the table when you leave or use the phrase Сдачи не надо: keep the change. You usually pay your server, and not at the door.
Listen to the following phrases and choose the appropriate responses from those given below.
Принесите, пожалуйста, чек.
Вам вместе или отдельно?
Вот ваш счёт.
a. Вместе, пожалуйста.
b. Пожалуйста, получите. Сдачи не надо.
c. Одну минуту.
Translate the following into Russian.
Please bring the check.
Do you want separate checks?
One check, please.
Separate checks, please.
Here you go. Keep the change.
With your teacher playing the role of the Russian, act out the dialog. At first adhere closely to the original. Then use as many variations as possible.
Write down the totals you owe on your bills as your instructor reads the amounts aloud. Не/She will read different amounts for each student. Read them back; asking if you wrote the amount correctly. Watch your intonation!
P. 2000 рублей. (Две тысячи рублей.)
А. 2000 рублей? (Две тысячи рублей?)
Р. Точно.
You found the restaurant checks shown on the next page among your papers. They're not yours and you have no idea how you got them. All the same, you're curious. Take a look and determine the following:
Where did the diners eat?
When did they eat?
What did they have?
What was their server's name?
Did he/she figure the total correctly?
Did he/she add a service charge?
 |
 |
You don't see a certain object. Ask where it is, using the model. Have a classmate answer.
Где стакан? Вот он.
Где тарелка? Вот она.
Где блюдце? Вот оно.
Где салфетки? Вот они.
1. | стакан | 5. | ложка |
2. | нож | 6. | вилка |
3. | тарелка | 7. | салфетка |
4. | чашка | 8. | блюдце |
Using the model, ask the waiter/waitress for another item to replace a dirty one.
Этот стакан грязный. Принесите другой.
Эта тарелка грязная. Принесите другую.
Это блюдце грязное. Принесите другое.
1. | стакан | 5. | ложка |
2. | нож | 6. | вилка |
3. | тарелка | 7. | салфетка |
4. | чашка | 8. | блюдце |
Using the model, tell the waiter/waitress that you're missing an item. Ask him/her to bring it.
У меня нет стакана. Принесите стакан.
У меня нет тарелки. Принесите тарелку.
У меня нет блюдца. Принесите блюдце.
1. | стакан | 5. | ложка |
2. | нож | 6. | вилка |
3. | тарелка | 7. | салфетка |
4. | чашка | 8. | блюдце |
Listen as your instructor reads the following phrases aloud. Which of them would you use in a restaurant?
| 1. | Я хочу заказать столик. |
| 2. | Сколько стоит этот сувенир? |
| 3. | Дайте, пожалуйста, полкило сахара. |
| 4. | Принесите вилку, ложку и нож. |
| 5. | Где меню? |
| 6. | Мой сын тоже официант. |
| 7. | На второе мясо, рис и овощи. |
| 8. | Как ваша фамилия? |
| 9. | Вы любите фрукты и овощи? |
| 10. | Примите, пожалуйста, заказ. |
| 11. | Скажите, пожалуйста, где гастроном? |
| 12. | На первое, дайте мне борщ. |
| 13. | У вас есть дети? |
| 14. | У вас есть сливочное мороженое? |
| 15. | На закуску принесите зелёный салат. |
| 16. | Какая следующая остановка? |
| 17. | 3а ваше здоровье! |
| 18. | Вы сейчас выходите? |
| 19. | Принесите, пожалуйста, счёт. |
| 20. | Кто вы по специальности? |
| 21. | Сколько с меня? |
| 22. | Скажите, пожалуйста, где здесь ресторан «Прага»? |
 |
Choose the most appropriate responses to the following:
а. Вон там.
b. Нет, садитесь, пожалуйста.
c. Что будете заказывать?
| 1. | Этот столик занят? |
|
2. | Вот меню. |
|
3. | Что будете заказывать на первое? |
|
4. | Что будете заказывать на сладкое? |
|
5. | Что ещё будете заказывать? |
|
A. Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F):
There will be no music in the restaurant tonight.
Maureen is very fond of gypsy music.
The restaurant doesn't serve the soup Maureen would like to try.
Neither Maureen nor Igor want black caviar.
The ice cream in Russia is supposed to be very good.
B. Answer the following questions:
Why is Igor glad that Maureen was free to come to the restaurant that evening?
When will they have the chance to hear the gypsy band?
What was Igor's way of convincing Maureen to try the main dish he suggested?
Who is worried (or not worried) about their diet?
The imperative is the form of the verb used when you are asking/telling someone to do something. As such, it is often referred to as the command form. In English, we often add a "please" to the command form to turn it into a request. In Russian, the presence or absence of пожалуйста does not determine the difference between a command and a request. That function is performed by something called aspect (imperfective and perfective verbs). More about this later.
Here are the most basic rules for forming the imperative:
Start with the они form of the verb. Completely remove that ending:
принесут
принес-
покажут
покаж-
скажут
скаж-
платят
плат-
идут
ид-
поздравят
поздрав-
работают
работа-
читают
чита-
and add -и or -ь (if what is left ends in a consonant):
принесите
покажите
скажите
платите
идите
будьте
поздравьте
or add -й (if what is left ends in a vowel):
работайте
читайте
Of course, you will find exceptions to this rule, so your best bet will be to simply memorize those imperative forms which you will hear or use most often.
As Russian makes a distinction between the informal ты and the formal/plural вы, you will need to make that distinction with the imperative forms. The forms shown above are for вы. То make the ты forms, simply drop the ending -те:
принеси
покажи
скажи
будь
работай, etc.
A command/request NOT to do something is made by simply adding не in front of the imperative. Negative commands are usually formed using imperfective verbs. The imperatives работай and читай are examples of these.
He работай (-те)
He читай (-те)
Go back through Lessons 1-6 and find imperative forms. Take note of when and how they are used; explain what they mean. With your instructor's help try to use them yourself.
As in English, there are two types of numbers in Russian: the CARDINAL (or counting) numbers and the ORDINAL (or descriptive) numbers. Examples of cardinal numbers are:
один, два, три, десять, двадцать, сто, тысяча, миллион
Examples of ordinal numbers are:
первый, второй, третий, десятый, двадцатый, сотый, тысячный, миллионный
The ordinal numbers are actually adjectives which answer the questions какой? какая? какое? какие? Remember these from Lesson 2? Therefore, they'll behave just as any adjective does, agreeing with the nouns they modify in GENDER, NUMBER AND CASE.
In this lesson, you saw the expressions на первое, на второе where there were only ordinal numbers (in the neuter) and no noun. The understood noun in these instances was блюдо. So, первое блюдо means first course, второе блюдо means second course.
You will also use the ordinal numbers to indicate the date:
Сегодня десятое (число-understood, not expressed) апреля.
Here are a few ordinal numbers and their corresponding cardinal forms. The ordinals are given in the masculine.
первый | один |
второй | два |
третий | три |
четвёртый | четыре |
пятый | пять |
шестой | шесть |
седьмой | семь |
восьмой | восемь |
девятый | девять |
десятый | десять |
двадцатый | двадцать |
двадцать первый | двадцать один |
двадцать второй | двадцать два |
тридцатый | тридцать |
сороковой | сорок |
пятидесятый | пятьдесят |
сотый | сто |
тысячный | тысяча |
миллионный | миллион |
Go back through Lessons 1-7 and find examples of ordinal numbers. Explain how they were used and with your instructor's help, try to use them yourself.
Now you have seen all six of the cases in Russian. Like the Genitive, Dative and Accusative cases, the Instrumental may be used both with and without a preposition. Recall that the Nominative is NEVER used with a preposition and the Locative/Prepositional is ALWAYS used with one.
Most often, the Instrumental is used with the preposition "с" to indicate companiment; "with" in English:
Я хочу хлеб с маслом.
На закуску принесите грибы со сметаной.
Мы обедаем с друзьями.
The Instrumental is also used without a preposition to indicate the meansby which something is done (English "with" again), or the manner in which theaction is accomplished:
Он ест суп ложкой.
Он говорит громким голосом.
The Instrumental is used to answer the question Когда? When? with parts of the day and seasons of the year:
Что?
Когда?
утро
утром
день
днём
вечер
вечером
ночь весна
ночью весной
лето
летом
осень
осенью
зима
зимой
The table below shows the Instrumental Case forms for the singular and plural forms of nouns and adjectives and compares them to the Nominative (N), Genitive (G), Dative (D), Accusative (A) and Locative (L).
0H | ОНА | ОНО | ОНИ | |
| N | новый студент старый дом | новая студентка старая квартира | новое слово старое кресло | новые студенты старые костюмы |
| A | нового студента старый дом | новую студентку старую квартиру | новое слово старое кресло | новых студентов старые костюмы |
| G | нового студента старого дома | новой студентки старой квартиры | нового слова старого кресла | новых студентов старых костюмов |
| L | о новом студенте о/в старом доме | о новой студентке о/в старой квартире | о/в новом слове о/в старом кресле | о новых студентах о/в старых костюмах |
| D | новому студенту старому дому | новой студентке старой квартире | новому слову старому креслу | новым студентам старым костюмам |
| I | новым студентом старым домом | новой студенткой старой квартирой | новым словом старым кеслом | новым студентами старыми костюмами |
The table below shows the Instrumental Case forms for the personal pronouns and compares them to the Nominative (N), Accusative (A), Genitive (G), Dative (D) and Locative (L).
N | я | ты | он | она | мы | вы | они |
A | меня | тебя | его | её | нас | вас | их |
G | меня | тебя | его | её | нас | вас | их |
L | обо мне | о тебе | о нём | о ней | о нас | о вас | о них |
D | мне | тебе | (н)ему | (н)ей | нам | вам | (н)им |
I | мной | тобой | (н)им | (н)ей | нами | вами | (н)ими |
Go back through Lessons 1-7 and find examples of the Instrumental Case. Explain how it was used and with your instructor's help, try to use it yourself.
блюдо | dish; course |
блюдце | saucer |
вместе | together |
вилка | fork |
гарнир | side dishes |
грязный грязное, грязная, грязные | dirty; soiled |
другой другое, другая, другие | another (one); other |
завтрак | breakfast |
заказывать/заказать | to order |
закуски | hors d'oeuvres |
занят | occupied |
кружка | (beer) mug |
ложка | spoon |
нож | knife |
обед | lunch/dinner |
официант/официантка | waiter/waitress |
отдельно | separately, individually |
первое | first course |
повар/шеф-повар | chef (cook) |
порция | portion, serving |
рюмка | wine glass |
салфетка | napkin |
свободен | free, unoccupied, vacant |
сладкое/десерт | dessert |
стакан | (water) glass |
стол, столик | table |
счёт | check, bill |
тарелка | plate |
ужин | supper |
чашка | cup |
чек | check, receipt, bill |
Я хочу заказать столик. | I would like to reserve a table. |
Это всё. | That's all. |
Этот столик свободен? | Is this table free? |
Этот столик занят. | This table is occupied. |
Примите заказ. | Take our order. |
У вас есть..? | Do you have..? |
Принесите, пожалуйста,.. | Please bring... |
Что ещё? | What else? |
Больше ничего. | Nothing else. |
Сколько с меня? | How much do I owe you? |
Получите, пожалуйста. | Here you go. (when paying) |
Сдачи не надо. | Keep the change. |
Я голоден/голодна. | I'm hungry, (m/f) |
Я сыт/сыта. | I'm full, (m/f) |
Я хочу есть. | I want to eat. |
Я хочу пить. | I want to drink. |
Table of Contents
| Lesson №9 |
| TRANSPORTATION |
| УРОК № 9 |
 |
Many of you may decide to take your car with you to Moscow, St. Petersburg or to one of the other posts in the Former Soviet Union. While the following information specifically concerns Moscow, much of it will be relevant for other cities as well. Our thanks to the OBC at NFATC for providing us with this information.
The Office of Vehicle Registration in the GSO (AmEmb Moscow, x5899) can assist you in obtaining the necessary insurance, a Russian driver's license and in registering your vehicle (whether you bring it in with you, or purchase it locally). The CLO in AmEmb Moscow is also a good source of information about insurance from both Russian and foreign companies. Be forewarned: these are lengthy and complicated processes.
The ГАИ (Государственная автоинспекция) are the Russian traffic cops (not to be confused with the милиция police).
Always wear your seat belt. Not only is this a good safety practice, but you may be pulled over by a traffic cop and fined if you're not wearing one.
The speed limit in the city is 60 kph (35 mph). Speed limits outside the city vary from 90-120 kph (55-65 mph).
There is no "right turn on red". Look for turn signs at all intersections which will indicate which turns are permitted. Left turns at many intersections are forbidden, causing you to do a complicated maneuver which involves going through the intersection, turning left and doubling back (making а разворот) to make a right turn where you need it.
Horns are rarely used as signals. If any type of warning is needed, drivers may flash their headlights.
If your car is involved in an accident, do not attempt to move it until the traffic cops have come to write up a report. The CLO has a file entitled "Orientation: Driving in Moscow" with more information on this.
Такси
It is increasingly difficult to simply hail a cab on the streets of Moscow and St. Petersburg. Your best alternative is to order a taxi ahead of time from one of the private companies. Many of these operate out of the major tourist hotels. We've included a few of these companies, their addresses and phones here and the CLO has other listings if you need them.
Many Russians make use of а частник private car. Individuals who own cars will moonlight as taxi drivers, negotiating prices with each fare. You should make use of this resource only if your language skills and knowledge of current prices are good enough to prevent you from being "taken for a ride". Women travelling alone should not use the частники, as well as any individual travelling after dark, or to distant locations in the city.
Payment for any taxi service should be in roubles, unless you are using the services of one of the companies listed here. They will accept credit card
payment in foreign currency, at the current exchange rate. Though prices change quickly, in the summer of 1994 it cost $35.00 for a one-way trip from one of the major tourist hotels to Sheremetevo Airport.
Intourtrans
24-hour service
tel. 941-84-90
cash (roubles) or credit cards
Statistica
tel. 945-34-12
hours: 7:00am-5:00pm
cash only
Hertz Rent-A-Car
tel. 284-43-91
hours: 9:00am-7:00pm
credit cards only
Rasco Taxi Service (Radisson Hotel)
tel. 941-84-90
hours: 7:00am-11:00pm
cash or credit cards
Autosun (Penta Hotel)
tel. 971-61-01 X2532
hours: 7:30am-12:30am
cash or credit cards
Class Company
tel. 199-74-14
hours: 8:00am-10:00pm
cash only
hourly rates: $12.00-$24.00 (depending on make of car)
Lingva Taxi
tel. 290-63-24 (reservations require 6 hours advance notice)
hours: 7:30am-6:00pm
cash only
hourly rates: $10.00
The метро, автобусы, троллейбусы и трамваи subway, buses, trolleybuses and trams make up the public transportation system. The most efficient of these is the metro and all are definitely overcrowded, especially during час пик rush hour, from 7:00am to 10:00am and again from 5:00pm to 7:00pm. Most types of transportation operate from 6:00am to 1:00am. Check the CLO for the most up-to-date information on using public transport.
The metro operates on а жетон token system. You may purchase tokens at the касса at most stations. If you plan on using the metro regularly, you may want to consider а проездной or единый билет monthly pass. The former is for unlimited travel on the metro, buses or trolleybuses (choose your type) only and the latter is good for unlimited travel on all types of transportation. Metro stations are well marked (in Cyrillic only in Russia), and there is a recording which announces the next station as you're pulling out, and that station as the train is pulling in.
Be careful when entering and exiting any metro station with escalators. They move much more quickly than the ones in the DC metro.
These operate on а талон paper ticket system. You'll purchase a книжечка booklet of 10 tickets from the водитель driver, or at а киоск. You'll tear off a single ticket and validate it for every trip you make. There are no transfers, and a validated ticket is good only for one trip.
Buses and trolleybuses have multiple doors and it is common practice to board through the back door and exit from the front. Don't be surprised, however, to see this "etiquette" often ignored.
Remember: anything with four wheels beats anything on two feet! Always be alert to the fact that drivers have little respect for pedestrians and it will be your job to watch out for them. Use caution when crossing in above-ground crosswalks; always use the подземный переход underground crosswalk when one is available.
Keep in mind that these underground crosswalks are places for street musicians, beggars and pickpockets to congregate. While these crosswalks lessen the danger of you being hit by a car, they pose certain dangers in themselves. Be alert! Be careful!
предупреждающие знаки | warning signs (triangular with orange red border, yellow background and black figures); warn of possibly dangerous conditions or conditions simply to be aware of |
запрещающие знаки | prohibiting signs (round; most use the same colors as warning signs); describe what you CANNOT do |
предписывающие знаки | limiting signs (blue backgrounds and white figures); describe the only way in which something may be done informational signs (square |
указательные знаки | with blue background); describe what may be done, or what facilities are available |
The American is in his/her hotel which is near the metro station «Октябрьская» and needs to get to the Embassy. He's/she's asking the desk clerk for directions.
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the appropriate manner.
| КАК ДОЕХАТЬ ДО.. | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | Скажите, пожалуйста, как доехать до американского посольства? | Could you please tell me how to get to the American Embassy? |
| P. | Вы хотите ехать на метро? | Do you want to take the metro? |
| A. | Да, конечно. | Of course. |
| P. | Вам нужно доехать до станции «Краснопресненская». Это третья станция. Оттуда вы можете дойти пешком до посольства. | You have to take it to the station called "Krasnopresnenskaya". It's the third one. From there you can walk to the Embassy. |
| A. | Спасибо большое! | Thank you very much. |
| P. | Не за что. | Don't mention it. |
The American has just arrived by train from St. Petersburg. He/She's at the Ленинградский вокзал (Метро «Комсомольская») and needs to get to the hotel «Метрополь».
| A. | Простите, пожалуйста, как доехать до гостиницы «Метрополь»? | Excuse me, please. How do I get to the hotel "Metropol"? |
| P. | Отсюда очень просто. Вам нужно доехать до станции «Охотный ряд». Потом пешком до гостиницы. | It's easy from here. You need to get to the station called "Okhotny ryad". Then you can walk to the hotel. |
| A. | «Охотный ряд»? Это какая станция? | "Okhotny ryad"? Which station is that? |
| P. | Это третья станция. | It's the third one. |
| A. | Понятно. Спасибо. | Got it. Thanks. |
| P. | Пожалуйста. | Don't mention it. |
The American has left the Embassy, is at metro «Краснопресненская» and would like to get out to the "flea market" at Измайловский парк.
| A. | Скажите, пожалуйста, как доехать до станций «Измайловскии парк»? | Could you please tell me how to get to "Izmailovsky Park"? |
| P. | Вам нужно доехать по «Кольцу» до станции «Курская» и там сделать пересадку. | You need to take the "Ring" line to station "Kurskaya" and transfer [to another line] there. |
| A. | Спасибо. А потом? | Thanks. And then what? |
| P. | А потом до станции «Измайловский парк.» | Then take it to "Izmailovsky Park" |
Your instructor will point to a station on the map and ask you:
Это какая станция? You should answer by saying:
Это станция...[insert station name].
Create dialogs of your own, using the ones given above as models. Have your instructor play the role of the Russian. Use some of the following phrases:
| Скажите, пожалуйста, как доехать до станции | «Университет»? «Аэропорт»? «Ботанический сад»? «Речной вокзал»? «Коломенское»? «Таганская»? |
| Простите, пожалуйста, как доехать до гостиницы | «Славянская»? «Националь»? «Интурист»? «Пента»? |
You are interpreting for one of your classmates who does not speak Russian. Ask your instructor how to get to the metro stations listed here, if you are beginning from «Краснопресненская». Use the following model:
Скажите, пожалуйста, как доехать до станции ?
1. | «Измайловский парк» | 4. | «Белорусская» |
2. | «Тверская» | 5. | «Парк культуры» |
3. | «Юго-западная» | 6. | «Сокольники» |
Translate the following into English:
Вам нужно доехать до станции «Парк культуры» и сделать пересадку на «Кольцевую линию».
Вам нужно доехать до станции «Курская» и сделать пересадку на «Арбатско-Покровскую линию».
Вам нужно доехать до станции «Баррикадная». Оттуда вы можете дойти до посольства пешком.
Вам нужно доехать до станции «ВДНХ». Оттуда вы можете дойти до Ботанического сада пешком.
There will be times when you'll choose another form of transportation besides the metro. The following phrases will come in handy.
| ехать на | автобусе троллейбусе трамвае машине такси метро |
Я еду на автобусе. | I'm taking the bus. |
Ты едешь на троллейбусе. | You're taking the trolley. |
Он едет на трамвае. | He's taking the tram. |
Она едет на машине. | She's taking a car. |
Мы едем на такси. | We're taking a taxi. |
Вы едете на метро. | You're taking the metro. |
Они едут на микроавтобусе. | They're taking the van. |
Туда можно доехать на метро или на автобусе. | You can get there by metro or by bus. |
Туда можно доехать на троллейбусе или на трамвае. | You can get there by trolley or by tram. |
Your instructor will ask you what form of transportation you prefer to use.
Answer, using the following models, first in the affirmative:
P. Вы хотите ехать на машине?
А. Да, на машине.
| 1. | a car | 2. | a bus | 3. | a taxi | 4. | a tram | 5. | the metro |
Now answer in the negative, according to the model:
P. Вы хотите ехать на машине?
А. Нет, на автобусе.
| 1. | a car (the metro) | 2. | a bus (a car) | 3. | a taxi ( a bus) |
| 4. | a tram (a trolley) | 5. | the metro (a tram) |
Using the models below, ask what the best possible form of transportation is for you to use.
А. Туда лучше ехать на автобусе или на трамвае?
Р. Лучше на трамвае.
The metro vs a bus
A bus vs a trolley
A car vs the metro
A tram vs a trolley
The metro vs a taxi
Using a map of the Moscow metro, describe the routes you'll be taking in each of the scenarios.
You went out to «Коломенское» by taxi with your friends, but now you'd like to use the metro to get back. They're staying at the hotel "Radisson-Slavyanskaya"(Meтpo «Киевская»).
You're with a group of students at МГУ (метро «Университет») and they want to show you the Lenin Library (метро «Библиотека им. Ленина»).
You're working late at the Embassy (метро «Краснопресненская») and won't have time to go home before the ballet at the Bolshoi (метро «Охотный ряд»).
You meet your business partner just in on the train from Minsk ( метро «Белорусская») and you need to get to the exhibit halls at the All-Russian Exhibition Center (ВВЦ, метро «ВДНХ»).
The American is in the metro and finds himself/herself in need of assistance.
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the appropriate manner.
| Какая следующая станция? | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | Извините, какая следующая станция? | Excuse me, what's the next station? |
| P. | «Беговая». | "Begovaya". |
| A. | А скоро будет «Краснопресненская»? | Is "Krasnopresnenskaya" coming up soon? |
| P. | «Краснопресненскую» уже проехали. | We already passed "Krasnopresnenskaya". |
| A. | Что же мне делать? | What should I do? |
| P. | Вам надо выйти на следующей станции и ехать в обратную сторону. | You need to get off at the next station and go back. |
| A. | Спасибо. | Thanks. |
| Вы сейчас выходите? | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | Вы сейчас выходите? | Are you getting off now? |
| P. | Это какая станция? | What station is this? |
| A. | «Кропоткинская». | "Kropotkinskaya". |
| P. | Нет, не выхожу. | No, I'm not. |
| A. | Тогда разрешите пройти. | Then let me through. |
| P. | Пожалуйста. | Go ahead. |
| A. | Спасибо. | Thanks. |
With your instructor playing the role of the Russian, act out the dialogs. At first adhere closely to the original. Then use as many variations as possible.
Translate the following into Russian:
Excuse me, what's the next station?
Is "Krasnopresnenskaya" coming up soon?
What should I do?
Are you getting off now?
Let me through.
In the metro, ask a fellow passenger (played by your instructor) which station is next as you travel around the «Кольцевая линия». Start at «Октябрьская» and move clockwise. Use the following model:
Извините, какая следующая станция?
Beginning at one of the end stations on any line, move along that line and verify that you know which station is coming up next by asking a fellow passenger (your instructor):
Простите, следующая станция «Проспект Вернадского»?
You fell asleep on the metro and woke up at an unfamiliar station. Find out where you are.
You need to get off at the next station. Ask the person in front of you if he/she is getting off. If the answer is no, ask him/her to let you through. What should you do if the answer is yes?
Using the phrases given here, create your own dialogs.
Извините, какая следующая станция?
Извините, это какая станция?
Извините, следующая станция ?
Скоро будет станция ?
Простите, вы сейчас выходите? Вы выходите на следующей?
Да, выхожу. Нет, не выхожу.
Разрешите пройти. Дайте пройти, пожалуйста.
You live on «Ломоносовский проспект» in the vicinity of МГУ. You commute to work at the embassy by metro. Using the metro map, describe the route you take each day. Name the stations in order both going and coming.
Using the description you prepared for the previous exercise, describe how your route home would vary if you decided to stop off at the Третьяковская галлерея or wanted to make a side trip to Измайловский парк.
| «Где здесь переход?» | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | Скажите, пожалуйста, это переход на «Кольцевую линию»? | Excuse me, is this the transfer to the Ring Line? |
| P. | Нет, это выход в город. | No, this is the exit to the city. |
| A. | А где здесь переход? | Then where's the transfer? |
| P. | Переход на «Кольцевую линию» направо. | The transfer to the Ring Line is to the right |
With your instructor playing the role of the Russian, act out the dialogs. At first adhere closely to the original. Then use as many variations as possible.
Translate the following into Russian:
Is this the transfer to the Ring Line?
Is this the exit to the city?
Where is the transfer to the Ring Line?
The exit to the city is to the right.
This is the transfer to the Ring Line.
Choose the correct translation for each sign.
| 1. | ВХОД |
|
| 2. | ВЫХОД |
|
| 3. | ПЕРЕХОД |
|
| 4. | Пересадка |
|
| 5. | Вверх |
|
| 6. | Вниз |
|
| 7. | Прямо |
|
Create your own dialogs, using the phrases given here and dialog #4 as a model.
Простите, это переход на
Таганско-Краснопресненскую линию?
Калужско-Рижскую линию?
Серпухово-Тимирязевскую линию?
Скажите, пожалуйста, где здесь переход на
Замоскворецкую линию?
Филёвскую линию?
Калининскую линию?
Переход
направо.
налево.
прямо.
вверх.
по эскалатору.
вниз по эскалатору.
в центре зала.
The American is in the «Краснопресненская» metro and now needs to get to the Embassy. He/she knows that it's close enough to walk to, but he/she doesn't know in which direction to head.
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the appropriate manner.
| «КАК ДОЙТИ ДО АМЕРИКАНСКОГО ПОСОЛЬСТВА?» | |
|---|---|
| Простите, как дойти до американского посольства? | Excuse me,how do I get to the American Embassy? |
| Это очень просто. Вам надо выйти из метро на Новинский бульвар и пройти два квартала. | It's very simple. You have to go out of the metro onto Novinsky Bul'var and go two blocs. |
| В какую сторону? | In which direction? |
| Направо. Вы увидите большое жёлтое здание с американским флагом. Это и есть посольство. | Right. You'll see a big yellow building with an American flag. That's the Embassy. |
| Большое спасибо. | Thank you very much. |
| Не за что. | Don't mention it. |
The American has just come out of the «Кропоткинская» metro and needs to get to the Canadian Embassy.
| «Как дойти до канадского посольства?» | |
|---|---|
| Вы не скажите, как дойдти до канадского посольство? | Could you tell me how to get to the Canadian Embassy? |
| Вам нужно пройти три квартала, потом повернуть направо. Там будет канадское посольство. | You have to go three blocs and then turn right. The Canadian Embassy will be right there. |
| Значит прямо, а потом налево? | So, straight, and then to the left? |
| Нет, нет! Прямо, а потом направо. | No, no, straight and the to the right. |
| Понял, направо. Спасибо. | I understand, right. Thanks. |
| Пожалуйста. | You're welcome. |
With your instructor playing the role of the Russian, act out the dialogs. At first adhere closely to the original. Then use as many variations as possible.
Translate the following into Russian.
How do I get to the American Embassy?
First I go out of the metro, and then do I go right or left?
(I go) Three blocks and then (turn) left?
I understand, (turn) right.
Ask how to get to the various locations listed here. Use the following models:
Простите, как дойти до американского посольства?
канадское посольство
британское посольство
французское посольство
немецкое посольство
Простите, как дойти до кинотеатра «Россия»?
зоопарк
магазин «Сувенир»
стадион
вокзал
Простите, как дойти до гостиницы «Метрополь»?
больница
выставка
школа
галерея
Verify that you've correctly understood the directions you were given. Use the following model.
А. Значит, сначала выйти, потом налево?
Р. Совершенно верно.
налево
прямо
направо
When you hear you've misunderstood the directions you were given, repeat the corrections back. Use the following models:
А. Значит, сначала выйти, потом направо?
Р. Нет, налево.
А. Хорошо, понял/поняла. Налево.
направо (налево)
налево(прямо)
прямо (направо)
А. Сначала вверх по эскалатору, потом направо?
Р. Нет, налево.
А. Понятно. Налево.
налево (направо)
направо (прямо)
прямо (налево)
Translate the following into English.
Скажите, пожалуйста, где магазин «Сувенир»?
-Это недалеко, на проспекте Вернадского.
Простите, где кинотеатр «Октябрь»
-Извините, я не знаю, я не москвич.
Молодой человек, скоро будет станция «Университет»?
-«Университет» уже проехали.
Вы выходите на следующей станции?
-А какая следующая?
Match the correct responses to the appropriate questions.
Девушка, скоро будет станция «Кузнецкий мост»?
Простите, где кинотеатр «Ударник»?
Вы выходите на следующей станции?
Скажите, пожалуйста, где магазин «Подарки»?
Это недалеко, на Тверской улице.
А какая следующая?
Я не знаю, я не москвич.
«Кузнецкий мост» уже проехали.
Follow the directions your instructor will read aloud.
| 1. | Идите прямо! | 2. | Дойдите до двери! |
Идите направо! | Выйдите из класса! | ||
Идите налево! | Пройдите по коридору! | ||
Идите вниз по лестнице! | Зайдите в комнату! | ||
Идите вверх по лестнице! | Подойдите к столу! | ||
Идите сюда! | Подойдите ко мне! | ||
Идите туда! | Отойдите от |
Here are some phrases you will find useful in creating your own dialogs.
| Где здесь | Тверская улица? улица Лубянка? улица Вавилова? | Where is....? |
Красная площадь? Манежная площадь? Третьяковская галлерея? | ||
Театральный проспект? Кутузовский проспект? Ленинский проспект? | ||
Центральний рынок? Кремль? ГУМ? Большой театр? |
До Центрального рынка далеко? -Нет, он совсем близко.
До ГУМа далеко? -Нет, он совсем близко.
До Большого театра далеко? -Нет, он совсем близко.
До Красной площади далеко? -Нет, она рядом.
До улицы Вавилова далеко? -Нет, она рядом.
До Третьяковской галереи далеко? -Нет, она рядом.
Вам нужно идти You have to go | Прямо. Прямо и через переход. Прямо два квартала. | Straight. Straight and through the crosswalk. Straight two blocs. |
Вам нужно повернуть You have to turn/go | Налево. Направо. Направо на углу. За углом. | Left. Right. Right at the corner. Around the corner. |
| Я иду в гастроном. | I'm going to the grocery store. |
| Ты идёшь в кафетерий. | You're going to the cafeteria. |
| Он идёт в посольство. | He's going to the embassy. |
| Она идёт в министерство. | She's going to the ministry. |
| Мы идём в кино. | We're going to the movies. |
| Вы идёте в библиотеку. | You're going to the library. |
| Они идут в школу. | They're going to school. |
Match the following signs with their English translations.
| 1. | вход | а. | crosswalk |
| 2. | выход | в. | taxi stand |
| 3. | переход | с. | don't walk |
| 4. | проход | d. | entrance |
| 5. | идите! | е. | detour |
| 6. | стойте! | f. | passageway |
| 7. | стоп! | g. | walk |
| 8. | объезд | н. | stop |
| 9. | стоянка такси | i. | exit |
Match the pictures on the next page with their Russian equivalents given here. Use only what you see; don't attempt to read the fine print captions.
проход закрыт!
стоянка такси
подземный пешеходный переход
место для разворота
остановка автобуса
пешеходный переход
остановка трамвая
место стоянки
 |
| НА ОСТАНОВКЕ АВТОБУСА | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | Вы не знаете, какой автобус идёт в центр? | Do you know, which bus goes downtown? |
| P. | А куда именно? | Where exactly? |
| A. | Я еду в Большой театр. | I'm going to the Bolshoy Theater. |
| P. | Вам нужно сесть на автобус номер 122 и доехать до остановки «Большой театр». | You need to take bus #122 to the stop marked "Bolshoy Teatr". |
| A. | Спасибо. | Thank you. |
| P. | Не за что. | Don't mention it. |
| A. | Простите, этот автобус идёт до станции метро «Аэропорт»? | Excuse me, does this bus go to the metro station "Aeroport"? |
| P. | Нет. Вам в другую сторону. Ваша остановка там, напротив. Видите? | No. You have to go in the opposite direction. Your stop is over there, across the street. Do you see it? |
| A. | Да, вижу. Спасибо. | Yes, I do. Thank you. |
| P. | Пожалуйста. | Don't mention it. |
With your instructor playing the role of the Russian, act out the dialogs. At first adhere closely to the original. Then use as many variations as possible.
Translate into Russian:
Which bus goes downtown?
Does bus #122 go downtown?
I am going to the Bolshoy Theater.
I am going to the museum.
Is my stop over there?
I see (it). Thanks.
I don't see it. Where is it?.
Do I have to go in the opposite direction?
Using the model below, find out if a bus goes to the following metro stations:
Этот автобус идёт до станции метро «Смоленская»?
«Цветной бульвар»
«Сокол»
«Красные ворота»
«Фили»
«Выхино»
«Отрадное»
Using the model below, find out which bus goes to the following metro stations:
Какой автобус идёт до станции метро «Смоленская»?
«Академическая»
«Красносельская»
«Царицино»
«Шоссе Энтузиастов»
«Китай-Город»
«Нахимовский проспект»
Think of appropriate questions for the following situations:
You are at a bus stop but do not know if the bus you need stops there.
You are standing at a bus stop. Bus №115 is approaching. You are not sure if that's the bus you need to get to the American Embassy.
You'd like to get to the Пушкинский музей, but you don't know which bus goes there.
You are at a bus stop when you see a bus approaching. Ask a fellow passenger where that bus is headed.
The American is on the bus for the first time. She/Не is learning what a good bus rider needs to do. She/Не needs, first of all, to buy а книжечка booklet of tickets from the водитель driver, who sells them only at the stops. Then she/he needs to validate one of the талоны tickets on the компостер ticket punch to avoid paying а штраф fine. If she/he is not standing close enough to the punch to do it, she/he should pass the ticket along by saying Передайте, пожалуйста.
| В АВТОБУСЕ «Талоны продаются только на остановках!» | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | Простите, у вас есть книжечки? | Excuse me, do you have any tickets? |
| P. | Есть. | Yes, we do. |
| A. | Сколько стоит? | How much (are they)? |
| P. | Шесть тысяч | Six thousand (roubles). |
| A. | Дайте, пожалуйста, одну. | Give me a book, please. |
| P. | Пожалуйста. | Here you go. |
А. | Простите, где пробить талон? | Pardon me, where do I validate this ticket? |
Р. | Вон там компостер. | The punch is over there. |
А. | Передайте, пожалуйста. | Could you pass (my ticket) over there, please? |
А. | Вы выходите на следующей? | Are you getting off now? |
Р. | Нет, не выхожу. | No, I'm not. |
А. | Разрешите пройти. | Then let me through, please. |
Р. | Пожалуйста. | Go ahead. |
А. | Молодой человек, какая следующая остановка ? | Young man, what's the next stop? |
Р. | «Аптека». | "Apteka". |
А. | Вы выходите на следующей? | Are you getting off then? |
Р. | Да, выхожу. | Yes, I am. |
With your instructor playing the role of the Russian, act out the dialogs. At first adhere closely to the original. Then use as many variations as possible.
Translate the following into Russian:
Do you have any (books of) tickets?
How much do they cost?
Give me one, please.
Where do I validate this ticket?
Are you getting off at the next stop?
Let me through, please.
Using the model, ask where you may buy the following. Your instructor will answer. Make certain you understood correctly and then thank him/her for the information.
А. Где можно купить талоны?
Р. Талоны продаются в автобусах.
А. В автобусах? Спасибо.
a booklet of tickets
a monthly bus pass
tokens for the metro
a monthly pass
The bus is in motion and you ask the bus driver if he has booklets of tickets for sale. Be prepared for his instructions to wait until the bus stops. At the next stop, ask again.
What would you do in the following situations?
You're on a crowded bus and your stop is coming up soon.
A fellow passenger wants to know which stop is coming up next, and you're not certain.
You just got on the bus and need to validate your ticket, but you don't see the punch.
You finally locate the punch, but there are quite a few people between you and it.
You've just arrived in Moscow from St. Petersburg and are at the train station Ленинградский вокзал. Get yourself to the hotel «Президент Отель» (станция метро «Октябрьская») for a quick rest before setting out to see the sights. You want to see:
Красная площадь
Кремль
Библиотека им. Ленина
Третьяковская галерея
ВВЦ (formerly known as ВДНХ)
МГУ
Ask your instructor how you might get to these places, beginning from your hotel and then visiting all sights in the order listed. Ask which form of transportation is best to use. Ask the best way to get from one location to another. Role-play with your instructor situations in the metro, on a bus, etc.
Using a map of any city in the FSU (your instructor will provide one, or you may, if you have one of the city, to which you will be posted) and the dialogs you created in the previous exercise, choose a location to visit. Decide on a starting point and... GO!
Take a look at the city maps given below. A couple of Moscow metro stations are named for these cities. Can you find them on the metro map? Practice reading the names of the streets shown here and locating the various hotels and points of interest.
 |
 |
Listen to the dialog as recorded on the tape. When you are finished, discuss it with your classmates. What were you able to understand? Listen to the dialog again to check your comprehension. Ask your instructor for help if you need it. Now answer the questions below.
A. Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F):
Vera is having a party on Saturday.
She's not inviting Igor.
Vera's apartment is on the first floor.
Maureen will not be able to come to the party.
Vera would like her to come at eight.
B. Answer the following questions:
Whom else is Vera inviting to her party, besides Maureen?
Could you explain how to get to Vera's house, using the metro?
What are the "landmarks" which Vera gave Maureen to help her find her way?
Could you give Vera's complete address?
What time is the invitation for? Do you think Maureen's decision to come has anything to do with the fact that Igor has been invited as well?
When speaking of actions which involve motion, either with or without some form of transport, Russian uses a system of verbs commonly referred to as the "verbs of motion". These verbs are grouped in a way unique from other verbs and, in many respects, follow their own logic and system in terms of usage. The following is a very brief and schematic explanation of these verbs. For more detailed information, you should consult any of the handbooks on Russian grammar available.
There are 3 verbs which convey the message of simply "going":
These are:
ходить
идти
пойти
To best understand how these are used, study the examples below:
ходить (multi-directional, indeterminate)
Дети ходят в школу. The children go to school. (They make regular trips there and back.) Дети ходят по парку. The children are strolling about the park. (random motion, no goal) Дети ходили в кино. The children went to the movies. (They made one round trip, there and back.) Ребёнок уже ходит. The child is already walking. (He/she can perform the action.) Идти (uni-directional, determinate)
Он идёт по улице. He's going along the street. (action in progress, directed toward a goal) Когда он шёл в магазин, он встретил своего друга. While on his way to the store, he met his friend. (goal-directed action in progress, "intersected" by a secondary action) Пойти (setting out; future intent to go)
Где ваша сестра? Она пошла в библиотеку. Where's your sister? She's left for the library. Завтра мы пойдём в музей. Tomorrow we'll go to the museum.
All these verbs simply convey the meaning of "going" and say nothing about HOW that action will be accomplished. If it is necessary to emphasize that you will be "walking", you need to add пешком after the verb.
For example:
| Утром дети идут в школу пешком. | Thre children walk to school in the morning. |
| Я люблю ходить пешком. | I like to walk |
| Они хотят пойти в музей пешком. | They want to walk to the museum. |
If you are emphasizing that you are using a form of transportation, you will use the following verbs:
ездить (for ходить) ехать (for идти) поехать (for пойти) and indicate, if you wish, the form of transport in the following manner:
на машине, на автобусе, на трамвае, на метро, etc.
For example:
Мы ездили туда на машине. | We went there by car. |
| Он любит ездить на метро. | He likes to take the metro. |
| Мы поедем в Москву на поезде. | We'll take the train to Moscow. |
Note:
Автобус (троллейбус, трамвай, поезд) ходит/идёт.
Машина ездит/едет.
For example:
Вот идёт наш автобус.
There goes our bus.
Вы не знаете, какой трамвай идёт до библиотеки?
Would you happen to know which bus goes to the library?
Смотрите! Вот едет машина президента!
Look! There goes the President's car!
In this lesson, you saw verbs of motion used with various prefixes. These prefixes add an extra dimension to the basic meaning of these verbs. The prefixes you will be using most often are:
до- to get to, get as far as
Как дойти до американского посольства?
How can I get to the American Embassy?
Мы доехали до Москвы.
We got as far as Moscow.
вы- to go out, to exit, to get off
Вам нужно выйти из метро на Новинский бульвар.
You need to go out of the subway and onto Novinsky Boulevard.
Вам нужно выйти на следующей остановке.
You need to get off at the next stop.
пере- to cross
Вам нужно перейти улицу.
You need to cross the street.
Где здесь подземный переход?
Where's the underground crosswalk?
про- to cover a certain distance
Вам нужно пройти два квартала. You need to go 2 blocks.
| билет | ticket |
| вверх | up (direction) |
| вниз | down (direction) |
| вход | entrance |
| выход | exit |
| выходить, выйти | to exit, go out |
| гостиница | hotel |
| делать | to do, to make |
| доехать до... | to get to, to get as far as |
| жетон | token |
| за угол (куда) | around the corner (direction) |
| за углом (где) | around the corner (location) |
| квартал | block |
| книжечка | booklet |
| Кольцевая линия | Ring Line |
| куда? | where? (direction) |
| на углу | on the corner |
| налево | to the left, on the left |
| направо | to the right, on the right |
| напротив | opposite, across |
| обратный | back, reverse |
| объезд | detour |
| отсюда | from here |
| передать | to pass, hand over |
| пересадка | transfer |
| переход | crosswalk |
| пешком | on foot |
| повернуть | to turn |
| подземный переход | underground passage, crosswalk |
| потом | then, after |
| пробить | punch (ticket) |
| проехать | pass, drive through |
| проход | passage |
| прямо | straight ahead |
| скоро | soon |
| следующий, ая, ее, ие | next |
| стоянка такси | taxi stand |
| талон | ticket |
| туда | there |
| Как доити до ...? | How do I get to? (on foot) |
| Как доехать до ...? | How do I get to? (by car) |
| Какая следующая станция? | What's the next station? |
| Какая следующая остановка? | What's the next stop? |
| Вы (сейчас) выходите? | Are you getting off? |
| Разрешите пройти. | Please let me through. |
| Не за что. | Don't mention it? |
 |
 |
 |
Table of Contents
| Lesson №10 |
| IN A HOTEL |
| УРОК № 10 |
 |
As in most countries, when traveling in Russia you should make hotel reservations ahead of time. There are no "motels", as we in the US understand that word, where you have a chance of getting accommodations without reservations. In the major cities (Moscow, St. Petersburg and the capitals of the NIS countries), there are many Western-owned and operated hotels which offer all the comforts and services we are accustomed to. You'll feel quite at home there.
When you arrive, tell the desk clerk that you have a reservation:
| Для меня забронирован номер. | I have a reservation. |
When checking in, you'll be asked to show your passport for registration purposes. In the large cities, the desk clerk will give you а пропуск/карта гостя room card (with your name and room number on it) together with your ключ room key. Keep this card handy as often you'll be asked to show it to the doorman to get in, especially if you return late in the evening. Most of the major hotels have the magnetic key-card systems, though in the smaller cities you'll get a real key. In hotels in the smaller cities when you go out, you will probably be asked to leave your key with the woman responsible for your floor. She'll ask you to show your room card when you return and want to pick up your key. This procedure is less common, however, in the larger cities, though you will have а дежурная floor lady. These are good people to get to know as they can help with all kinds of things, such as getting laundry done, bringing you кипяток для чая hot water for tea in the evening, helping with all sorts of problems you might encounter. They do not expect monetary tips, though a little gift will always be appreciated.
Here are a few words you will find helpful during your stay:
| дежурная | floor lady | горничная | maid |
| администратор | hotel manager | номер | room |
| этаж | floor | лифт | elevator |
Most major hotels offer you the following services:
почта | post office |
ресторан | restaurant (breakfast is included in the room price in most hotels) |
кафе | cafe |
буфет | snack bar |
туалет М (мужской) Ж (женский) | public restroom Men Women |
парикмахерская женская | beauty salon |
парикмахерская мужская | barber shop |
бюро обслуживания | service bureau (which today includes photocopying, fax, secretarial services, travel arrangements, theater tickets, etc.) |
бюро обмена валюты | currency exchange |
камера хранения | left luggage room |
The American is calling the "American Express" office to make hotel reservations for an upcoming business trip.
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the appropriate manner.
| «Я ЕДУ В КОМАНДИРОВКУ» | ||
|---|---|---|
| P. | «Американ Экспресс». Соколова слушает. | "American Express". Sokolova here. |
| A. | Здравствуйте. Это говорит Джон Смит из американского посольства. | Hello. This is John Smith from the American Embassy. |
| P. | Доброе утро. Чем могу помочь? | Good morning. How can I help you? |
| A. | Во вторник я еду в командировку в Санкт-Петербург. Я хочу забронировать номер в гостинице. | On Tuesday I'm going to St. Petersburg on a business trip. I want to reserve a hotel room. |
| P. | Пожалуйста. Рекомендую вам гостиницу «Европейская». Она в самом центре города, и номера там очень удобные. | Fine. I can recommend the "Evropeiskaya". It's right in the center of town, and the rooms are very nice. |
| A. | Хорошо. Это меня устраивает. | That suits me just fine. |
| P. | Р. Так, вам номер на одного? | Good. Will you need a single? |
| A. | А. Да, пожалуйста, на одного. Я один. | Yes, a single. I'm [travelling] alone. |
| P. | Р. Хорошо. А на сколько суток вам нужен номер? | Fine. And how long will you be staying? |
| A. | А. На трое суток. Скажите, сколько будет стоить номер? | Three days. How much will the room cost? |
| P. | Р. Сто тысяч рублей в сутки, завтрак включен. | 100,000 rubles a night, breakfast included. |
| A. | А. Прекрасно. Спасибо большое. | Wonderful! Thanks a lot! |
| P. | Р. Не за что. Счастливого пути! | Don't mention it. «Bon voyage»! |
| P. | «Интурист». Жуковский слушает. | "Intourist". Zhukovsky speaking. |
| K. | Добрый день. Это говорит Линда Дэйвис из канадского посольства. | Hello. This is Linda Davis from the Canadian Embassy. |
| P. | Здравствуйте. Чем могу помочь? | Hello. How can I help you? |
| K. | В среду я еду в командировку в Ялту. Мне надо забронировать номер в гостинице. | On Wednesday I'm leaving for Yalta on business. I need to make a hotel reservation. |
| P. | Пожалуйста. Рекомендую вам гостиницу «Жемчуг». Она совсем новая, и номера там очень хорошие. | Fine. I can recommend the "Zhemchug". It's brand new and the rooms are very nice. |
| K. | Хорошо. Это меня устраивает. | Good. That suits me fine. |
| P. | Вам какой номер нужен? На одного? | What kind of room do you need? A single? |
| K. | Нет, на двоих. Я еду с мужем. | No, a double. I'm going with my husband. |
| P. | Хорошо. А на сколько суток вам нужен номер? | Fine. How long will you be staying? |
| K. | На трое суток. Скажите, сколько будет стоить номер? | 3 days. How much will the room cost? |
| P. | Двести тысяч рублей в сутки, завтрак включён. | 200,000 rubles a night, breakfast included. |
| K. | Очень хорошо. Спасибо. | Very good. Thank you. |
| P. | Пожалуйста. Счастливого пути! | You're welcome. Bon voyage! |
Translate the following into Russian:
This is [insert your name] from the American Embassy.
I am going on a business trip.
I want to reserve a room.
I'm [travelling] alone (male). I'm [travelling] alone (female).
I'm going with my husband. I'm going with my wife.
How much will the room cost?
Is breakfast included?
With your instructor playing the role of the Russian, act out the dialogs. At first, adhere closely to the original. Then, use as many variations as possible.
You are calling to make reservations for an upcoming business trip. Use the following model, making the necessary substitutions.
Во вторник я еду в Санкт-Петербург.
| 1. | On Tuesday; to Minsk | 2. | On Wednesday; to Kiev |
| 3. | On Thursday; to Yalta | 4. | On Friday; to Odessa |
| 5. | On Saturday; to Tbilisi | 6. | On Sunday; to Baku |
The travel agent will need to know how long you'll be staying. Answer his/her question using the following phrases:
P. На сколько суток вам нужен номер?
А. Мне нужен номер
a. на сутки.
b. на двое суток.
c. на трое суток.
d. на четверо суток.
e. на пять суток.
f. на несколько суток.
g. на целую неделю.
h. на две недели.
| 1. | 3 days | 2. | 5 days | 3. | a whole week | 4. | one day |
| 5. | 2 weeks | 6. | 4 days | 7. | 2 days | 8. | a few days |
| Мне нужен номер | на одного | a single |
| нам нужен номен | на двоих на троих |
a double for 3 people |
How would you answer the following question:
Какой номер вам нужен?
IF...
...you are travelling alone?
...you are travelling with your spouse?
...you are travelling with your spouse and child?
...you are two couples travelling together?
Tell the agent where you're going and how long you'll be staying, using the model below and making the appropriate substitutions. The following expressions will help you.
Я поеду
в Москву, Одессу, Ригу, Ялту
в Екатеринбург, Санкт-Петербург, Ереван.Ташкент
в Тбилиси, Баку, Сочи
Я там буду
два дня
три дня.
четыре дня.
пять дней.
несколько дней
Я там буду
неделю.
две недели.
месяц.
два месяца.
несколько месяцев.
| 1. | Odessa; 2 days | 2. | Yalta; a week |
| 3. | Bishkek; 3 days | 4. | Tashkent; 5 days |
| 5. | Yerevan; 2 weeks | 6. | St. Petersburg; a few days |
The travel agent has misunderstood you. Correct him/her using the model below:
P. Вы поедете в Москву?
А. Нет, я поеду в Санкт-Петербург.
| 1. | Санкт-Петербург; Москва | 2. | Москва; Одесса |
| 3. | Одесса; Киев | 4. | Киев; Бишкек |
| 5. | Бишкек; Тбилиси | 6. | Тбилиси; Баку |
You didn't hear the price of the room clearly. Ask for clarification, using the model:
А. Вы сказали сто тысяч в сутки?
Р. Нет, двести тысяч.
А. на троих
| 1. | 200,000;300,000 | 2. | 300,000; 400,000 |
| 3. | 400,000; 500,000 | 4. | 500,000; 600,000 |
The American has just arrived at the hotel and is checking in.
Listen to the dialog several times with your books closed. Do not repeat it. Try to understand what the speakers are saying. Working as a group, discuss what was said. Then listen to the American's lines. You are responsible for learning these. You are also responsible for being able to understand the Russian's lines and to respond to them in the appropriate manner.
| A. | Добрый вечер. Для меня забронирован номер. Меня зовут Джон Смит. | Good evening. You have a reservation for me under the name of John Smith. |
| P. | Как вы сказали? Смит? Сейчас посмотрю. Да, да. Есть. Номер на двоих, на пятом этаже. | Did you say Smith? I'll take a look. Yes, here it is. A double, on the fifth floor. |
| A. | Нет, это не правильно. Для меня забронирован номер на одного. | No, that's not right. I made a reservation for a single. |
| P. | Ах, да. Простите, я ошиблась. Совершенно правильно. Номер на одного, на пятом этаже. Сколько вы у нас пробудете? | Oh, yes. I'm sorry. I made a mistake. You're absolutely right. A single, on the fifth floor. How long will you be staying? |
| A. | Трое суток. | Three days. |
| P. | Прошу вас заполнить эту анкету. И пожалуйста, оставьте ваш паспорт для регистрации. Завтра утром вы можете его получить обратно. | Please fill out this form. And you'll have to leave your passport for registration. You can pick it up tomorrow. |
| A. | Где? Тут? | Where? Here? |
| P. | Нет, в паспортном столе на третьем этаже. Простите, вы забыли расписаться. | No, in the passport office on the third floor. Excuse me, but you forgot to sign. |
| A. | Извините, я не понимаю. Что значит «расписаться»? | I'm sorry, but I don't understand. What does «расписаться» mean? |
| P. | Вы должны написать вашу фамилию вот здесь. | You need to sign your last name right here. |
| A. | Понимаю. Вот, пожалуйста, анкета и паспорт. | I got it. Okay, here's the form and my passport. |
| P. | Вот ваш ключ. Ваш номер на пятом этаже, вы можете подняться на лифте. | Here's your key. Your room is on the fifth floor. You can take the elevator up. |
| A. | А чемоданы? | What about my suitcases? |
| P. | Оставьте их здесь. Чемоданы доставят вам в номер. | Leave them here. They'll be brought up to your room. |
An American couple has just arrived at their hotel.
| A. | Здравствуйте. Для нас забронирован номер на имя Дэйвис. | Hello. You have a reservation for us under the name of Davis. |
| P. | Дэйвис? Да, да. Есть. Для вас есть номер на двоих, на девятом этаже. Пожалуйста, заполните эту анкету. | Davis? Yes, here it is. You have a double on the ninth floor. Please fill out this form. |
| A. | Можно заполнить на английском? | May 1 do it in English? |
| P. | Да, конечно. Распишитесь здесь и оставьте ваши паспорта для регистрации. | Of course. Sign here and leave me your passports for registration. |
| A. | Вот, пожалуйста, анкета и паспорта. | Here's the form and our passports. |
| P. | Вот ваш ключ. Ваш номер на девятом этаже. Вы можете подняться на лифте. | Here's your key. Your room is on the ninth floor. You can take the elevator up. |
| A. | Спасибо. А где лифт? | Thank you. And where's the elevator? |
| P. | Лифт вон там. Оставьте чемоданы здесь. Их вам доставят в номер. | The elevator's over there. Leave your suitcases here. Someone will bring them up to your room. |
Translate the following into Russian:
You have a reservation for me. My name is [insert your last name].
No, that's not right.
I made a reservation for a single.
I'm sorry, but I don't understand.
Here's my passport / our passports.
Is the passport office on the third floor?
Our room is on the ninth floor.
With your instructor playing the role of the Russian, act out the dialog. At first, adhere closely to the original. Then, use as many variations as possible.
Make certain you know which floor your room is on. Ask the desk clerk to repeat that information. Use the following model:
А. Мой номер на девятом этаже?
Р. Да, на девятом.
| 1. | on the third floor | 2. | on the fifth floor | 3. | on the tenth floor |
| 4 | on the sixth floor | 5. | on the second floor | 6. | on the eighth floor |
There's been a mistake with your reservation. Try to correct it, using the following model:
P. Для вас забронирован номер на третьем этаже.
А. Это не правильно. Для меня забронирован номер на пятом.
a room on the fourth floor to one on the sixth.
a room on the ninth floor to one on the fifth.
a room on the third floor to one on the seventh.
a room on the tenth floor to one on the eighth.
Before going up to your room, make certain you know where the various
conveniences are located. Use the following model:
А. Где паспортный стол? На третьем этаже?
Р. Да, на третьем.
1. | restaurant; fourth floor | 2. | cafe; sixth floor |
3. | snack bar; tenth floor | 4. | barber shop; third floor |
5. | post office; fifth floor | 6. | currency exchange; second floor. |
You'll need to know the hours of operation of various services in your hotel. The following expressions will come in handy:
| В котором часу? Когда? | What time? When? |
|---|---|
В час | At one (o'clock). |
В два/три/четыре (часа) | At 2, 3, 4 (o'clock). |
В пять/шесть/семь/восемь (часов) В девять/десять (часов) В одиннадцать/двенадцать (часов) | At 5, 6, 7, 8 (o'clock). At 9, 10 (o'clock). At 11,12 (o'clock). |
В десять тридцать | At 10:30 |
В семь сорок пять | At 7:45 |
В двенадцать пятнадцать | At 12:15 |
| Когда перерыв (на обед)? | |
|---|---|
С часу до двух | From 1:00 to 2:00 |
С двух до трёх | From 2:00 to 3:00 |
С четырёх до пяти | From 4:00 to 5:00 |
С шести до семи | From 6:00 to 7:00 |
You'll need to know when various places open. Ask, using the following model. Practice writing down the information so you don't forget.
А. В котором часу открывается почта?
Р. В девять.
| 1. | the restaurant (at 4:00) | 2. | the beauty salon (at 10:30) |
| 3. | the currency exchange (at 11:00) | 4. | the service bureau (at 8:15) |
Of course, it's also good to know when they close. Ask about that, using the following model. Write down the information.
А. В котором часу закрывается почта?
Р. В пять.
| 1. | the service bureau (at 4:00) | 2. | the currency exchange (at 2:00) |
| 3. | the barber shop (at 3:00) | 4. | the cafe (at 7:45) |
Finally, you'll need to find out if these places close for lunch. Ask, and make certain you've understood correctly. Use the following model:
А. А когда перерыв на обед?
Р. С часу до двух (1:00-2:00).
А. С часу до двух? Спасибо.
| 1. | from 2:00 to 3:00 | 2. | from 3:00 to 4:00 |
| 3. | from 1:00 to 3:00 | 4. | from 2:00 to 4:00 |
The American has just stepped out of the elevator and, not seeing any signs, is wondering which direction to take to find his/her room. The first person he/she sees is the дежурная floor lady.
| РАЗГОВОР С ДЕЖУРНОЙ | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | Девушка, номер 503 в какую сторону? | Miss, which way is room 503? |
| P. | 503? Направо. | 503? To the right. |
| A. | Направо? Спасибо. | To the right? Thank you. |
| P. | Пожалуйста. Если вам что-нибудь будет нужно, обращайтесь ко мне. | You're welcome. If you need anything, just ask (me). |
Once in his/her room, the American realizes that certain things are missing. The person to see is the горничная maid.
| РАЗГОВОР С ГОРНИЧНОЙ | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | Девушка, извините. Вы работаете на этом этаже? | Miss, excuse me. Do you work on this floor? |
| P. | Да, пожалуйста. Чем могу помочь? | Yes. How can help you? |
| A. | Вы знаете, у меня в номере нет туалетной бумаги. | You know, there's no toilet paper in my (bath)room. |
| P. | УпражнениеВ каком вы номере? | What's your room number? |
| A. | В номере 503. | 503. |
| P. | Хорошо. Сейчас принесу. | Okay. I'll bring some right away. |
| A. | Спасибо большое. | Thanks a lot. |
What do you do if you find that your room is not fully equipped? Tell the maid exactly what's missing, using the following expressions:
У меня в номере нет | мыла | soap |
полотенец | towels | |
туалетной бумаги | toilet paper | |
стакана | (drinking) glass | |
подушки | a pillow | |
одеяла | a blanket | |
В номере нет | вешалок | hangers |
зеркала | a mirror | |
радио | a radio | |
телевизора | aT.V. | |
телефона | a telephone |
Tell the maid that you don't have the following items in your room. Use the previous dialog as a model.
| 1. | soap | 2. | towels | 3. | a drinking glass |
| 4. | toilet paper | 5. | a blanket | 6. | a pillow |
| 7. | a television | 8. | a radio | 9. | a telephone |
| A. | Девушка, извините. Можно отдать в стирку рубашки? | Miss, excuse me. Can Ш get these shirts washed? |
| P. | Конечно. Положите ваши вещи в этот пакет и оставьте его на кровати. Я потом его заберу. | Of course. Put your things in this bag and leave it on the bed. I'll pick it up later. |
| A. | Спасибо. Когда мои вещи будут готовы? | Thanks. When will my things be ready? |
| P. | Сегодня вечером. Я вам всё принесу. | This evening. I'll bring everything up to you. |
| P. | Простите, пожалуйста. Вы сейчас уходите? Можно убрать ваш номер? | Excuse me, are you going out? May clean your room now? |
| A. | Да, да. Я сейчас ухожу. Вы знаете, ночью мне было холодно. Можно попросить ещё одно одеяло? | Go ahead. I'm on my way out. You know, was cold last night. May 1 ask you for another blanket? |
| P. | Пожалуйста. Сейчас принесу. | Certainly. I'll bring it right away. |
| A. | Спасибо. | Thanks. |
Translate the following into Russian:
Do you work on this floor?
On which floor do you work?
Can I get these shirts washed?
When will my things be ready?
I was cold last night.
May I ask you for another blanket?
Look at the pictures of a hotel room and describe what you see. Use the following model:
У меня в номере есть...
 |
Tell the maid that those same items you listed in the previous exercise are missing. Use the following model:
Девушка, у меня в номере нет...
Tell the maid to bring you those things you're missing. Use the following model:
Принесите, пожалуйста...
A. | Девушка, холодильник в номере не работает. | Miss, the refrigerator in my room doesn't work. |
| P. | Какой ваш номер? | What's your room number? |
A. | 503. | 503. |
P. | 503? Я сейчас пришлю мастера. | 503? I'll send the repairman up. |
A. | Спасибо. Мне его подождать? | Thanks. Shall I wait? |
P. | Нет, не надо. | No, that's not necessary. |
The American knows that the дежурная is the person who can help make his/her stay a little more comfortable.
| РАЗГОВОРЫ С ДЕЖУРНОЙ | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | Девушка, можно у вас попросить чаю? | Miss, could I ask you for some tea? |
| P. | Пожалуйста. Минут через 15 я вам принесу в номер. Какой ваш номер? | Sure. I'll bring it to your room in about 15 minutes. What's your room number? |
| A. | 503. | 503. |
| P. | Хорошо. Вам с сахаром? Печенье хотите? | Okay. Do you take it with sugar? Would you like some cookies? |
| A. | Спасибо, без сахара. Но принесите, пожалуйста, печенье. | No sugar, please. But bring me some cookies. |
| P. | Сейчас всё сделаю и принесу. | I'll bring everything right away. |
| A. | Большое спасибо. | Thanks very much. |
| P. | Не за что. | Don't mention it. |
| A. | Девушка, вам оставить ключ? | Miss, should I leave you my key? |
| P. | Пожалуйста, оставьте. Вот ваша карточка. Вы надолго уходите? | Please. Here's your guest card. Will you be gone long? |
| A. | Да. Я буду только вечером. | Yes. I won't be back until this evening. |
| P. | Хорошо. До вечера. | Okay. See you this evening. |
A. | Девушка, завтра мне надо встать рано. Разбудите меня в шесть, пожалуйста. | Miss, I have to get up early tomorrow. Please wake me up at 6:00. |
P. | Хорошо. Вам позвонят в шесть. Какой ваш номер? | Okay. You'll have a wake-up call at 6:00. What's your room number? |
A. | 503. Вы не забудете? | 503. You won't forget, will you? |
P. | Конечно не забуду. Сейчас все сделаю. | Of course not. I'll take care of it right away. |
A. | Спасибо большое. | Thanks very much. |
P. | Не за что. | No problem. |
Translate the following into Russian:
May I ask you for some tea?
No sugar, please.
Bring me some cookies.
I won't be back until this evening.
I need to get up early tomorrow.
You won't forget, will you?
Leave a wake-up call with the floor lady. Use the following model:
А. Девушка, разбудите меня завтра в шесть.
Р. Хорошо. Вам позвонят в шесть.
| 1. | 7:00 | 2. | 8:00 | 3. | 5:00 | 4. | 6:30 |
| 5. | 8:30 | 6. | 7:15 | 7. | 6:45 | 8. | 5:30 |
Tell the floor lady when you'll be back in your room. Use the following model:
Я буду в 7:00 (семь).
| 1. | at 8:00 | 2. | at 9:00 | 3. | at 10:30 | 4. | at 11:00 |
| 5. | at 7:30 | 6. | at 12:00 | 7. | in the evening | 8. | in the daytime |
With your instructor playing the role of the Russian, act out the dialogs. First adhere closely to the original, then use as many variations as possible.
How would you respond to the following?
Да, слушаю.
Рекомендую вам гостиницу «Прибалтийская».
Какой номер вам нужен? На одного или на двоих?
Заполните эту анкету, пожалуйста.
Сколько суток вы у нас пробудете?
Где ваши чемоданы?
Вы надолго уходите?
Which expressions are you likely to hear in a hotel?
Вам вместе или отдельно?
А какая следующая?
Оставьте ваши чемоданы здесь.
Девушка, покажите мне эту матрёшку.
Ваш номер на третьем этаже.
Книжечки есть?
Прошу вас заполнить эту анкету.
Вы не скажете, как дойти до Пушкинского музея?
Познакомьтесь, пожалуйста. Это мой муж Джон.
15.000 рублей килограмм.
Хорошо. Вам позвонят в шесть.
Утром было, а теперь уже нет.
200.000 рублей в сутки, завтрак включен.
Вы сейчас выходите?
Сколько вы у нас пробудете?
You have kept your maiden name, but at times you also use your husband's last name. When checking into your hotel, you can't recall, under which name you made the reservation. How would you help the desk clerk find your reservation?
You had originally made a reservation for a double, but your spouse decided at the last minute not to make the trip. Try to change your room to a single as you're checking in.
Take a look at the following information on various hotels (pp. 36-38). What are you able to say about each of them?
Take a look at the following list of hotels in Moscow and choose one which appeals to you. Call your travel agent (your instructor) and make reservations for a short stay. Decide if you are travelling alone or with someone. Make certain you have the correct address; check by reading it off to the agent. Ask the agent what he/she knows about the hotel, what interesting sights are located nearby (recall your expressions for getting to places!), what services are offered, how much the rooms run, whether or not breakfast is included, etc. And don't let the agent talk you into anything you don't want!
Гостиницы москвы / Добро пожаловать!
Аэростар
Ленинградский проспект 37
тел. 155-50-30
Пента Олимпик
Олимпийский проспект 18/1
тел. 971-61-01
Новотель
Аэропорт Шереметьево II
тел. 578-91-10
Метрополь
Театральный проезд 1/4
тел. 927-60-00
Славянская
Бережковская наб.
тел. 941-80-20
Президент Отель
Большая Якиманка 24
тел. 238-73-03
Listen to the dialog as recorded on the tape. When you are finished, discuss it with your classmates. What were you able to understand? Listen to the dialog again to check your comprehension. Ask your instructor for help if you need it. Now answer the questions below.
A. Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F):
Maureen's parents have already arrived in Moscow.
True - False
They'll be staying with Maureen in Rosinka.
True - False
Vera has recommended the "President Hotel".
True - False
Maureen should make her reservations right away.
True - False
Maureen's parents will be in Moscow for two weeks.
True - False
B. Answer the following questions:
Where are Maureen's parents from?
Why won't they be staying with Maureen in Rosinka?
How many cats does Maureen have? Dogs?
Who is the person Vera has recommended to help at the "President Hotel"?
What would Maureen like her parents to see while they're in Moscow?
How will she be able to arrange for all the things she'd like them to do?
When you need to find out the time, ask: Который (сейчас) час?
You'll hear in reply:
| Сейчас час. | It's one o'clock. |
| Сейчас два часа. | It's two o'clock. |
| Сейчас десять часов. | It's ten o'clock. |
When you need to know WHEN? you may use one of the following two
questions: Когда? and В котором часу?
There are two ways of answering these questions:
Когда? This is less specific and may be answered by saying:
Утром. In the morning (from about 5:00 am to noon) Днём. In the daytime (from noon to about 6:00 pm) Вечером. In the evening (from 6:00 pm to midnight) Ночью. At night (from midnight to about 5:00 am) В котором часу? This is more specific and indicates the hour:
В час. At one o'clock. В два/три/четыре (часа). At two/three/four o'clock. В пять/шесть/семь (часов) At five/six/seven o'clock. В восемь /девять /десять (часов)
В одиннадцать /двенадцать (часов)
At eight /nine /ten
At eleven /twelve o'clock.
То indicate am add ночи or утра after the hour:
В час ночи. В семь часов утра.
For p_m, add дня or вечера.
В два часа дня. В одиннадцать часов вечера.
То indicate partial hours, Russian uses a very complex system which is gradually being replaced by a simpler one based on the 24-hour clock. Study the following examples:
| В час. | At 1:00 am. |
| В четыре тридцать. | At 4:30 am. |
| В девять сорок пять. | At 9:45 am. |
| В тринадцать десять. | At 1:10 pm. (13:10) |
| В семнадцать тридцать. | At 5:30 pm. (17:30) |
| В двадцать пятнадцать. | At 8:15 pm. (20:15) |
| В двадцать три тридцать. | At 11:30 pm. (23:30) |
But you will also hear these:
| В половине пятого утра. | At 4:30am. (lit. half five in the morning) |
| Без пятнадцати десять утра. | At 9:45am. (lit. 10 less 15 [minutes]) |
| В десять минут второго. | At 1:10pm. (lit. 10 minutes of the second hour) |
| В половине шестого вечера. | At 5:30pm. (lit. half six in the evening) |
Russian uses the Genitive case and the unchanging negative verb forms НЕТ (present tense) HE БЫЛО (past tense) and HE БУДЕТ (future tense) to show that someone or something is lacking/missing.
Compare the following sentences:
В номере есть телевизор. В номере нет. телевизора.
В гостинице была почта. В гостинице не было почты.
У меня будут деньги. У меня не будет денег.
Translate the following into English.
В ванной комнате нет туалетной бумаги.
В номере нет телефона.
В гостинице нет бюро обслуживания.
В гостинице не было парикмахерской.
На этаже не было дежурной.
Сегодня нет администратора.
Завтра не будет горничной.
У меня нет детей.
У нас не было машины.
У них не будет свободного времени.
Russian uses special forms of the numerals with the words:
сутки (a 24-hour period)
дети (children)
and a few others which exist only in the plural.
| одни сутки | (but: один ребенок, один сын, одна дочь) |
| двое суток | двое детей |
| трое суток | трое детей |
| четверо суток | четверо детей |
| пятеро суток | пятеро детей |
Note that these numerals are ALWAYS followed by the noun in the GENITIVE PLURAL CASE.
Study the following examples:
Мне нужен номер на двое суток.
Сколько вы у нас пробудете?
-Трое суток.
У вас есть дети?
-Да, есть. Сколько?
-Трое.
У нас двое детей: один сын и одна дочь.
У них большая семья: четверо детей!
анкета | form, blank |
ванная | bathroom |
вешалка | (clothes) hanger, hook |
вещь | thing |
горничная | maid |
гостиница | hotel |
готов/готова/готовы | ready |
дежурная/дежурный | concierge (usually a woman) |
душ | shower |
забронировать | to reserve |
заполнить (анкету) | to fill out (a form) |
ключ от номера | room key |
Когда? | When? |
командировка | business trip |
мыло | soap |
номер | hotel room |
одеяло | blanket |
подушка | pillow |
полотенце | towel |
помогать/помочь | to help |
помощь | help |
почта (на почте) | post office (at the post office) |
правильно | correctly; correct |
пропуск | pass, room card |
расписаться | to sign (one's name) |
сутки | 24 hours |
туалетная бумага | toilet paper |
устраивать | to suit |
чемодан | suitcase |
этаж (на этаже) | floor (on [a] floor) |
хочу забронировать номер. | I want to reserve a room. |
Это меня устраивает. | This/That suits me. |
Можно заполнить на английском? | May I fill it out in English? |
Можно попросить ..? | May I ask [you] for..... ? |
Сколько будет стоить номер? | How much will the room cost? |
Разбудите меня в шесть часов. | Wake me up at 6. |
В ванной нет горячей воды. | There is no hot water in the bathroom. |
Чем могу помочь? | How can I help you? |
В котором часу? | At what time? When? |
В какую сторону? | Which way? |
Не за что. | Don't mention it. |
Счастливого пути! | Have a nice trip./ Bon voyage! |
Table of Contents
- Телефон
- «У меня зазвонил телефон...»
- What to say when you are calling
- What to say when you are answering the phone
- What to do in case of a wrong number
- What to do in case of a bad connection
- Saying good-bye
- Упражнение №1.
- Упражнение №2.
- Упражнение №3.
- Диалог №1
- Упражнение №4.
- Упражнение №5.
- Диалог №2
- Упражнение №6.
- Упражнение №7.
- Диалог №3
- Вариант диалога №3
- Упражнение № 8.
- Упражнение №9.
- Упражнение №10.
- Упражнение №11.
- Упражнение № 12.
- Диалог №4
- Вариант диалога №4
- Диалог №5
- Вариант диалога №5
- Упражнение №13.
- Упражнение №14.
- Диалог №6
- Упражнение №15.
- Упражнение №16.
- Упражнение №17.
- Упражнение №18.
- Диалог №7
- Упражнение № 19.
- Упражнение № 20.
- Setting the scene
- Review the months of the year in Russian. (The forms in parentheses are the GENITIVE CASE.)
- Setting the scene
- Setting the scene
- Setting the scene
- Review dialogs
- Listening Comprehension Exercise
- Useful words and expressions
- End!
| Lesson №11 |
| THE TELEPHONE |
| УРОК № 11 |
 |
There are no tricks to using the telephone in Russia, especially today when more and more phone lines are being laid, when satellite links are becoming more and more common and when more Russians have telephones than at any time in the recent past. As for "telephone etiquette", there is really very little that is different from what we in the West are used to.
You will encounter varying degrees of politeness and rudeness on the phone, just as you will here. As Russians are developing more of a "service" attitude, are realizing that keeping the "customer" happy is in their best interest, calling for information to stores, offices and other places is becoming less frustrating for the caller.
With that in mind, you will need to do the following to make phone calling as easy as possible:
memorize a certain number of common phrases which you will use frequently when calling and when answering calls.
understand other phrases which you will hear but not actively use; and
be able to write down telephone numbers and other information as it is being given to you over the phone. This lesson will help you do precisely that.
In the event that you find yourself in an emergency situation where you will need the immediate assistance of local authorities, you will find the following numbers handy:
| 01 | Пожар (Fire Department) |
| 02 | Милиция (Police) |
| 03 | Скорая помощь (Ambulance; Emergency Medical) |
| 07 | Справочная (Directory Assistance for FSU) |
| 09 | Справочная (Directory Assistance for Moscow) |
| 100 | Время (Time) |
Greetings and introductions
Здравствуйте! Hello! Добрый день! Hello! Добрый вечер! Hello! С вами говорит This is... speaking. Это говорит This is... speaking. Это... из американского посольства. This is... from the American Embassy. Asking for someone to come to the phone
Позовите, пожалуйста
Please call... to the phone.
...Бориса Ивановича (к телефону).
...Boris Ivanovich...
...Анну Ивановну (к телефону).
...Anna Ivanovna...
...Линду.
...Linda...
...Марка.
...Mark...
Можно (попросить к телефону)...
May I speak with...
...Бориса Ивановича?
...Boris Ivanovich?
...Анну Ивановну?
...Anna Ivanovna?
...Линду?
...Linda?
...Марка?
...Mark?
Алло. Слушаю. | Hello. [I'm listening]. |
Finding out who's calling
Простите, кто это говорит?
Pardon me, who is this?
Простите, как ваша фамилия?
Pardon me, what's your (last) name?
Clarifying information about the caller's name
Повторите, пожалуйста.
Could you repeat that please?
Повторите по буквам.
Could you spell that please?
Как по буквам?..
How do you spell?..
Asking for a phone number
Какой у вас номер телефона?
What's your telephone number?
Скажите по цифрам.
Give it to me one number at a time.
When you need to put the caller "on hold"
Одну минуту.
Just a minute, please.
Сейчас позову.
I'll go call (him/her).
He вешайте (не кладите) трубку.
Don't hang up. Letting the caller know that the person requested is not available
Его/Её нет.
He's/She's not here.
Он/Она здесь не работает.
He/She's doesn't work here.
Он/Она будет
в понедельник.
Не/She will be in on Monday.
в два часа. Не/She will be here at 2:00. завтра. Не/She will be in tomorrow.
| Вы не туда попали. | You've got the wrong number. |
| Извините, я не туда попал(а) | I'm sorry. I dialed the wrong number. |
| Какой номер вы набрали? | What number did you dial? |
| Это не тот номер. | That's not this number. |
| Плохо слышно | We've got a bad connection. |
| Пожалуйста, перезвоните | Please (hang up and) call again. |
| Нас разъединили | We got disconnected. |
Act out the following exchange with your instructor playing the role of the Russian. Substitute your name for the one underlined.
P. Алло. Иванов(а) слушает.
А. Здравствуйте. Это говорит Марк Смит из американского посольства.
Make the necessary subsitutions in the following phrases using the names given below:
Позовите, пожалуйста, Бориса Ивановича к телефону.
Позовите, пожалуйста, Анну Ивановну к телефону.
1. | Борис Николаевич | 2. | Михаил Сергеевич |
3. | Василий Иванович | 4. | Николай Петрович |
5. | Татьяна Борисовна | 6. | Марина Николаевна |
7. | Ольга Петровна | 8. | Наталья Сергеевна |
Make the necessary substitutions in the following phrases using the names given below:
Здравствуйте. Можно Ивана к телефону?
Здравствуйте. Можно Веру к телефо'ну?
1. | Олег | 2. | Борис | 3. | Виктор | 4. | Игорь |
5. | Николай | 6. | Анна | 7. | Людмила | 8. | Ольга |
9. | Евгения |
As we do in English ("T as in "Tom", "B" as in "Bob", etc.), Russians will spell out a name using easily recognizable words to designate the individual letters. The words of choice are usually women's names. The following dialog illustrates this.
| «ПРОСТИТЕ, КТО ГОВОРИТ?» | ||
|---|---|---|
A. | Алло. Слушаю. | Hello. |
P. | Здравствуйте. Можно Смита к телефону? | Hello. May I speak to Mr. Smith please? |
A. | Простите, кто говорит? | Who may I say is calling? |
P. | Шкарникова. | Shkarnikova. |
A. | Повторите, пожалуйста, по буквам. | Could you spell that, please? |
P. | Шура - Катя - Аня - Рита - Нина - Ирина - Катя - Ольга - Вера - Аня. | Shura - Katya - Anya - Rita -Nina - Irina - Katya - Olga -Vera - Anya. |
A. | Понятно. Шкарникова. Одну минуту. Сейчас позову. | I got it. Shkarnikova. Just a minute. I'll call [him]. |
Using the dialog above as a model, spell out the following names. Ask your
instructor for help in finding appropriate names for the necessary letters.
| 1. | Болтнев | 2. | Воротникова | 3. | Жарков |
| 4. | Новикова | 5. | Пушкин | 6. | Распутин |
Your instructor will dictate the following names to you. Write them down
without looking at the list. Then use the list to check yourself.
| 1. | Козлов | 2. | Зайцева | 3. | Капусткин |
| 4. | Панфилова | 5. | Полоусов | 6. | Янковский |
| 7. | Сорокина | 8. | Станкевич | 9. | Бабушкина |
| «КАКОЙ У ВАС ТЕЛЕФОН?» | ||
|---|---|---|
A. | Алло. Слушаю. Это Марк Смит. | Hello. This is Mark Smith speaking. |
P. | Позовите, пожалуйста, госпожу Дэйвис. | May I speak to Ms. Davis please? |
A. | Её сейчас нет. Что-нибудь передать? | She's not here right now. May I take a message? |
P. | Передайте ей, что звонил Иванов. Мой номер телефона 230-41-45. | Tell her that Ivanov called. My number is 230-41-45. |
A. | Скажите, пожалуйста, по цифрам. | Could you give that to me number by number, please? |
P. | 2-3-0-4-1-4-5. | 2-3-0-4-1-4-5 |
Make the necessary substitutions in the following response. Use the names given below.
Передайте, что звонил Петров.
Передайте, что звонила Петрова.
| 1. | Морозов | 2. | Кирпичников | 3. | Вишневский |
| 4. | Кошкина | 5. | Козлова | 6. | Дворянская |
Your instructor will read the following telephone numbers aloud. Write them down. Ask him/her to repeat, or to read them out by individual numbers if necessary. Use the phrases:
Повторите, пожалуйста.
Скажите по цифрам.
| 1. | 423-00-59 | 2. | 315-86-56 | 3. | 110-64-73 |
| 4. | 905-90-19 | 5. | 535-35-63 | 6. | 487-09-05 |
| 7. | 818-99-78 | 8. | 229-25-01 | 9. | 471-34-11 |
| «вы не туда попали.» | ||
|---|---|---|
A. | Алло. Слушаю. | Hello. |
P. | Можно Иванова к телефону? | May I speak to Ivanov? |
A. | Вы не туда попали. Иванов здесь не работает. | You have the wrong number. There's no Ivanov here. |
P. | Извините, я ошибся. | Excuse me, I must have dialed the wrong number. |
| A. | Алло. | Hello. |
| P. | Здравствуйте. Можно Веру Ивановну к телефону? | Hello. May I speak to Vera Ivanovna please? |
| A. | Веру Ивановну? Какой номер вы напрали? | Vera Ivanovna? What number did you dial? |
| P. | 147-83-30. | 147-83-30. |
| A. | Это не тот номер. | You have the wrong number. |
| P. | Простите, я ошиблась. | I'm sorry. I dialed the wrong number. |
Make the necessary substitutions in the following response. Use the
names given below.
Можно Петрова к телефону?
Можно Петрову к телефону?
| 1. | Матросов | 2. | Жильцов | 3. | Волков |
| 4. | Голосова | 5. | Ушакова | 6. | Курносова |
Make the necessary substitutions in the following response. Use the names given below.
Можно Волконского к телефону?
Можно Волконскую к телефону?
| 1. | Дворянский | 2. | Янковский | 3. | Смирновский |
| 4. | Полянская | 5. | Орловская | 6. | Никольская |
Make the necessary substitutions in the following response. Use the names given below.
Можно Ольгу Петровну к телефону?
Можно Олега Петровича к телефону?
| 1. | Светлана Борисовна | 2. | Анна Григорьевна |
| 3. | Любовь Викторовна | 4. | Евгения Николаевна |
| 5. | Владимир Степанович | 6. | Борис Александрович |
| 7. | Сергей Сергеевич | 8. | Юрий Константинович |
Continue the conversation, using the previous dialogs as your model. Your instructor will read the part of the Russian.
А. Алло, (your name) слушает.
P. Здравствуйте. Можно Линду Дейвис к телефону?
А. ...
Choose one of the above dialogs to act out with your instructor. Choose имя, отчество и фамилия from those given in Exercises 8, 9, or 10.
| «ПЛОХО СЛЫШНО!» | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | Алло. Смит слушает. | Hello. Smith here. |
| P. | Можно к телефону Линду Дейвис? | May I speak to >Linda Davis? |
| A. | Простите, вас не слышно. Перезвоните, пожалуйста. | I'm sorry, I can't hear you. Please (hang up and) call back. |
p. | Алло. Курочкин слушает. | Hello. Kurochkin here. |
A. | Здравствуйте. Можно Журавлёва к телефону? | Hello. May I speak to Mr. Zhuravlyov please? |
P. | Кого? Плохо слышно. Кого позвать? | To whom? We have a bad connection. Whom do you want? |
A. | Журавлёва. | Mr. Zhuravlyov. |
P. | Вас не слышно. Перезвоните. | I can't hear you. [Hang up and] Call back. |
| «НАС РАЗЪЕДИНИЛИ» | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | А. Алло. Линда Дейвис слушает. | Hello. Linda Davis speaking. |
| P. | Р. Здравствуйте Линда. Это говорит Иванов из... | Hello Linda. This is Ivanov from... |
| A. | А. Алло? Алло? | Hello? Hello? |
The line has gone dead. Linda waits a moment and then hangs up. In a minute the phone rings again. | ||
| A. | Алло? | Hello? |
| P. | P. Линда? Это говорит Иванов из клуба «Спартак». Видимо нас разъединили. | Linda? This is Ivanov from the "Spartak" club. It seems we were disconnected. |
| A. | А. Ничего. Это бывает. | No problem. That happens. |
p. | Пчёлкина слушает. | Pcholkina speaking. |
A. | Здравствуйте. Это говорит Марк Смит из... | Hello. This is Mark Smith from... |
P. | Алло? Алло? | Hello? Hello? |
P. | Алло. Пчёлкина слушает. | Hello. Pcholkina speaking. |
A. | Людмила Николаевна, это говорит Марк Смит из американского посольства. Нас разъединили. | Ludmila Nikolaevna, this is Mark Smith from the American Embassy. We got disconnected. |
P. | Ничего. Это бывает. | No problem. That happens. |
Act out the preceding dialogs with your instructor playing the role of the Russian. Substitute your name for the name of the American. First, adhere as closely as possible to the original. Then repeat, with variations.
You can never have too much practice writing down telephone numbers as they are given to you over the phone. Close your books while your instructor reads the numbers below. Copy them down. If you need to have him/her repeat something, remember to use the phrases:
Повторите, пожалуйста, медленнее.
Скажите по цифрам.
| 1. | 246-21-41 | 2. | 925-20-34 | 3. | 333-80-16 |
| 4. | 124-05-25 | 5. | 390-74-80 | 6. | 165-72-47 |
| 7. | 289-23-25 | 8. | 485-55-39 | 9. | 901-94-34 |
| «ПРИХОДИТЕ К НАМ В ГОСТИ» | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | Здравствуйте, Коля. Это говорит Линда. | Hello, Kolya! This is Linda. |
| P. | Здравствуйте, Линда. Рад слышать ваш голос. | Hello, Linda. Glad to hear your voice. |
| A. | Коля, в субботу у мужа день рождения. Я хочу пригласить вас к нам в гости. Надеюсь, вы свободны. | Kolya, this Saturday is my husband's birthday. I want to invite you over. I hope you're free. |
| P. | Я свободен и буду очень рад вас видеть. В котором часу прийти? | I'm free, and I'll be happy to see you. What time should I come? |
| A. | В семь. | At 7:00. |
| P. | Большое спасибо за приглашение. До скорого. | Thanks a lot for the invitation. See you soon. |
| A. | До свидания. | Bye. |
Make the necessary changes in the given sentence.
В субботу у меня день рождения. Я вас приглашаю к себе в гости.
| 1. | понедельник | 2. | вторник | 3. | четверг | 4. | среда |
| 5. | суббота | 6. | пятница | 7. | воскресенье |
Make the necessary changes in the given sentence. Your instructor will read the part of the Russian.
А. Катя, я надеюсь, вы свободны.
Р. Да, я свободна.
А. Володя, я надеюсь, вы свободны.
Р. Да, я свободен.
| 1. | Анна | 2. | Ольга | 3. | Наташа | 4. | Таня |
| 5. | Людмила Сергеевна | 6. | Евгения Николаевна | 7. | Витя | 8. | Коля |
| 9. | Миша | 10 | Серёжа | 11. | Борис Владимирович | 12. | Василий Степанович |
Make the necessary changes in the given sentence. Your instructor will read the part of the Russian, substituting your name for the one here.
P. Линда, я надеюсь, что вы свободны.
А. Да, я свободна.
Р. Марк, я надеюсь, что вы свободны.
А. Да, я свободен.
Make the necessary changes in the given sentence. Your instructor will read the part of the Russian.
P. В котором часу прийти?
А. В семь (7:00).
| 1. | 6:00 | 2. | 8:00 | 3. | 9:00 | 4. | 10:00 |
| 5. | 11:00 | 6. | 12:00 | 7. | 1:00 | 8. | 2:00 |
| 9. | 3:00 | 10. | 4:00 | 11. | 5:00 | 12. | 7:00 |
| «У НАС БУДЕТ НОВОСЕЛЬЕ!» | ||
|---|---|---|
A. | Алло. | Hello. |
P. | Здравствуйте, Линда! Это Миша. | Hello, Linda. This is Misha. |
A. | Миша! Рада слышать ваш голос. Что нового? | Misha! How nice to hear your voice! What's new? |
P. | Много. Мы наконец получили новую квартиру! | Plenty! We finally got a new apartment! |
A. | Поздравляю! Когда будет новоселье? | Congratulations! When's the housewarming? |
P. | В эту субботу- Приглашаем вас с мужем. Запишите наш новый адрес. | This Saturday. You and your husband are invited. Here's the new address. |
A. | Минутку, я возьму ручку. | Hang on, I'll get a pen. |
P. | Улица Веснина, дом 4, квартира 23. | 4 Vesnina Street, apartment 23. |
A. | Прекрасно! До субботы! | Great! See you Saturday! |
Take down the following addresses as your instructor reads them to you aloud. Remember, if you would like something repeated, use the phrases:
Повторите, пожалуйста.
Повторите по буквам/по цифрам, пожалуйста.
Ещё раз, пожалуйста.
Улица Красина, дом 15, квартира 47
Шоссе Энтузиастов, дом 59, подъезд № 3, квартира 146
Новинский бульвар, дом 25, квартира 78
Мытная улица, дом 19/34, квартира 9
Зоологический тупик, дом 10, подъезд №4, квартира 88
Using the dialog given below, call Directory Assistance and ask for the address and telephone number of the establishments listed on the next page. Your instructor will answer as the operator and read the information aloud. Cover the information in parentheses and copy it down as you hear it. Then dictate it back, in order to check yourself.
P. Справочная. Слушаю вас.
А. Дайте, пожалуйста адрес и телефон фирмы «Галактика тур».
Р. Улица Поварская, 52. Телефон: 291-64-07.
А. Спасибо.
Страховая компания «Ника» (улица Бардина, 4; тел. 135-40-54)
Турбюро «Инициатива» (Первая Тверская-Ямская, 22; тел. 326-89-11)
Авиакомпания «Криал-аэро» (пр. Вернадского, 84; тел. 436-03-58)
«Спутник» (ул. Косыгина, 15; тел. 939-83-10, 939-83-02)
Косметологический центр «Идеал» (Рублёвское шоссе, 14, корп. 3; тел. 415-25-06)
Ресторан-бар «Ампир» (ул. Садовая Триумфальная, д. 4/10; тел. 299-79-74)
Mark Smith has an appointment with an official from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The gentleman's secretary is calling to cancel and reschedule.
| «У НАС СЕГОДНЯ ВСТРЕЧА.» | ||
|---|---|---|
| A. | Алло. Марк Смит слушает. | Hello. This is Mark Smith. |
| P. | Здравствуйте. Вас беспокоит Алла Сергеевна из Министерства иностранных дел. Я звоню по поручению Плотникова, Виктора Степановича. | Hello. This is Alia Sergeevna from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. I'm calling for Victor Stepanovich Plotnikov. |
| A. | Да, да. У нас сегодня встреча. | Oh, yes. We have a meeting today. |
| P. | К сожалению, Виктор Степанович не может встретиться с вами сегодня. Он хочет перенести встречу на пятое. | Unfortunately, Victor Stepanovich can't meet with you today. Не wants to change the meeting to the 5th. |
| A. | Хорошо. Это меня устраивает. | Okay. That's good for me. |
| P. | Спасибо. До свидания. | Thank you and good bye. |
p. | Алло. Слушаю вас. | Hello. |
A. | Здравствуйте. Это говорит Линда Дэйвис из американского посольства. | Hello. This is Linda Davis from the American Embassy. |
P. | Да, да. Наталья Петровна вас ждёт сегодня в три. | Oh, yes. Nataliya Petrovna is expecting you at 3:00 today. |
A. | К сожалению, я не могу прийти сегодня. Наталья Петровна будет свободна завтра ? | Unfortunately I can't make it today. Is Nataliya Petrovna free tomorrow? |
P. | Да, она может встретиться с вами завтра в три. | Yes, she can see you tomorrow at 3:00. |
A. | Спасибо. До свидания. | Thanks. Good bye. |
январь (января) | февраль(февраля) | март (марта) |
апрель (апреля) | май (мая) | июнь (июня) |
июль (июля) | август (августа) | сентябрь (сентября) |
октябрь (октября) | ноябрь (ноября) | декабрь (декабря) |
Dates are expressed using ordinal numbers (which you saw in Lesson 8). The month is in the GENITIVE CASE. Сегодня первое июля.
Using the dialog given here, call to change the date of a previously scheduled appointment. Your instructor will read the part of the Russian.
А. Я хочу перенести встречу на первое января.
Р. Хорошо. Это меня устраивает.
| 1. | второе февраля | 2. | третье марта | 3. | четвертое апреля |
| 4. | пятое мая | 5. | шестое июня | 6. | седьмое июля |
| 7. | восьмое августа | 8. | девятое сентября | 9. | десятое октября |
| 10. | одиннадцатое ноября | 11. | двенадцатое декабря | 12. | двадцатое января |
| 13. | двадцать первое февраля |
When you indicate the date on which some event takes place, you will put the ordinal number AND the name of the month in the GENITIVE CASE:
Приходите к нам в гости восьмого марта.
Наша встреча будет двадцать первого мая.
Он может с вами встретиться тринадцатого апреля.
Я свободна/свободен тридцать первого июля.
Make the necessary changes in the dialog below. Your instructor will read the part of the Russian:
А. Наша встреча будет третьего декабря?
Р. Да, третьего.
второго июля
четырнадцатого мая
двадцать седьмого ноября
тридцатого августа
семнадцатого апреля
двадцатого сентября
одиннадцатого июня
шестого марта
Make the necessary changes in the following sentences: Виктор Степанович свободен завтра? Анна Петровна свободна завтра?
Виктор Степанович свободен завтра?
Анна Петровна свободна завтра?
| 1. | Иван Иванович | 4. | Нина Андреевна |
| 2. | Валерий Михайлович | 5. | Алла Романовна |
| 3. | Алексей Фёдорович | 6. | Татьяна Владимировна |
Translate the following into Russian.
Our meeting is on July 10.
Will our meeting be on November 7?
Is Victor Stepanovich free tomorrow?
Is Anna Petrovna free tomorrow?
She can meet with you on the 12th.
Unfortunately, I can't come today.
I want to change the meeting to the 21st.
Using Dialog 8 as a model, create a dialog in which you are calling from work to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. You need to set up an appointment with Николай Васильевич Муравьёв.
You need to find out the hours of operation of a certain store.
| «КОГДА ОТКРЫВАЕТСЯ МАГАЗИН?» | ||
|---|---|---|
p. | Алло? Магазин «Русский сувенир». Слушаю. | Hello. "Russian Souvenir". [Can I help you?] |
A. | Скажите, пожалуйста, когда открывается ваш магазин? | Can you tell me what time your store opens? |
P. | Магазин открыт ежедневно с десяти до семи. Перерыв на обед с двух до трёх. | Our store is open daily from 10:00 to 7:00. We close for lunch from 2:00 to 3:00. |
A. | Спасибо. | Thanks. |
Using Dialog 9 as a model, call the following stores to find out their hours of operation. Your instructor will read the part of the Russian.
«Детский мир» (Театральный проезд, дом 2)
«Дом книги» (улица Новый Арбат, дом 26)
«Стокманн Супермаркет» (Зацепский вал, дом 4/8)
«Художественный салон» (улица Петровка, дом 30)
«Калинка» (улица Долгоруковская, дом 12)
Using the dialog given here, call the stores listed in the previous exercise and ask for their addresses. Be prepared to write them down and then dictate them back, in order to check yourself.
P. «Арбатская лавка». Слушаю.
А. Скажите, пожалуйста, ваш адрес.
Р. Улица Арбат, дом 27.
А. Улица Арбат, дом 27?
Р. Правильно.
А. Спасибо.
You're calling a restaurant to make reservations for an upcoming evening.
| «Я ХОЧУ ЗАКАЗАТЬ СТОЛИК» | ||
|---|---|---|
p. | Ресторан «Боярский зал». Слушаю. | The "Boyarsky zal". [May I help you?] |
A. | Добрый вечер. Я хочу заказать столик на субботу, на семь часов. | Good evening. I'd like to make a reservation for this Saturday at 7:00. |
P. | Хорошо. Сколько вас будет? | Fine. How many in your party? |
A. | Только двое. | Just 2. |
P. | Ваша фамилия? | And your name? |
A. | Смит. | Smith. |
P. | Хорошо, господин Смит. Ждём вас в субботу, в семь часов. | Very good, Mr. Smith. We'll see you on Saturday at 7:00. |
| A. | Спасибо. Досвидания. | Thanks. Good-bye. |
You will use the "collective numerals" to indicate the number of people in
your party up to 5:
Нас двое. Нас трое. Нас четверо. Нас пятеро.
Я хочу заказать столик для двоих (для троих, четверых, пятерых).
Beyond that, use the following:
Я хочу заказать стол на шесть/семь/восемь... (человек).
| понедельник (в понедельник) | вторник (во вторник) |
| среда (в среду) | четверг (в четверг) |
| пятница (в пятницу) | суббота (в субботу) |
| воскресенье (в воскресенье) |
You will use the ACCUSATIVE CASE when you indicate the day on which something will happen. You will use the preposition «на» when you make your reservation:
Я хочу заказать столик на субботу.
Ждём вас в субботу.
Make the necessary changes in the following sentence:
Я хочу заказать столик на субботу.
| 1. | пятница | 2. | среда | 3. | суббота | 4. | четверг |
| 5. | понедельник | 6. | вторник | 7. | воскресенье |
Который (сейчас) час? (What time is it?)
| Сейчас | час. 2 (два), 3 (три), 4 (четыре) часа 5 (пять) - 12 (двенадцать) часов |
В котором часу? (When? What time?)
| В | час. 2,3,4 часа. 5 --12 часов. |
You will use the ACCUSATIVE CASE and the preposition «на» when you indicate the time of your reservation:
Я хочу заказать столик на семь часов.
Make the necessary changes in the following sentence:
Я хочу заказать столик на семь часов.
| 1. | 6:00 | 2. | 6:30 | 3. | 7:00 | 4. | 7:30 | 5. | 8:00 | 6. | 8:30 |
Using Dialog 10 as a model, call and make reservations at the following restaurants. Your instructor will read the part of the Russian.
«Глазурь» (for Saturday at 8:00; a party of 3)
«Русская изба» (for Friday at 6:00; a party of 4)
«Савой» (for Saturday at 7:30; a party of 2)
«Кавказский» (for Thursday at 8:30; a party of 3)
«Метрополь» (for Wednesday at 7:00; a party of 2)
You've checked in to your hotel room and are calling room service for a late supper.
| «В ГОСТИНИЦЕ» | ||
|---|---|---|
p. | Алло. Добрый вечер. | Good evening. |
A. | Добрый вечер. Я хочу заказать ужин в номер. | Good evening. I'd like to order room service for supper. |
P. | Хорошо. Меню у вас есть? | Fine. Do you have a menu? |
A. | Да. Принесите, пожалуйста, сырники со сметаной и чай. | Yes, I do. Please send up sirniki with sour cream and tea. |
P. | А ваш номер? | Your room number, please. |
A. | 612 (шестьсот двенадцать) | 612. |
P. | Сейчас вам принесут. | It'll be right up. |
A. | Спасибо. | Thanks. |
The following scenarios will help you review and reinforce material from previous lessons. When creating your dialogs, you will, of course, always play the role of the American. Your instructor will play the role of the Russian.
You work in the consular section and have received a visa application which is incomplete. Call the applicant (Владимир Николаевич Тучкин) and try to obtain the missing information. You will need to ask the following:
Is the applicant married? If yes, what is his wife's name?
Does the applicant have any children? If yes, how many? What are their sexes and ages?
Does the applicant have any other dependents living with him? Mother? Father? Grandmother? Grandfather?
What is the applicant's current address and telephone?
Where does the applicant work? What is his profession?
You work in the Admin Section of the embassy and are interviewing native Russians for positions. You need to find out the following for each applicant:
the applicant's full name (name, patronymic and surname) [Possible names: Алексей Петрович Малышев; Валентин Егорович Орлов; Андрей Владимирович Годунов; Татьяна Николаевна Калашник; Надежда Анатольевна Романова; Лидия Ивановна Быстрова]
the applicant's profession and place of work
the applicant's current address and telephone
the applicant's previous position
After you have gone through these questions (and any others you think are necessary), thank the applicant for his/her time and tell him/her that you will call them back in a week.
Call «Дом книги» and ask:
when the store opens/closes
when they're closed for lunch
where they're located and how to get there
whether or not they carry children's books; maps; art books
Call the local «Сувенир» and ask:
what time the store opens/closes
when they're closed for lunch
the street address and how to get there
whether or not they carry amber jewelry, scarves and матрёшки
how much a blue scarf would cost
how much a large матрёшка would cost
Call the taxi service (927-0000) and reserve a taxi. Tell the dispatcher:
what day you are making the reservation for
what time you will need the car
where to pick you up
where you're going Don't forget to ask what the rate will be and whether or not you'll be able to pay in rubles or in dollars.
Call your favorite restaurant and make reservations for dinner. Pick a night, a time and decide how many will be in your party. Ask the person who answers the phone what the restaurant's specials will be that day.
While we hope you will never find yourself in a situation requiring the type of call illustrated in the following dialog, we'd like you to be prepared for any eventuality. Read the dialog through and then act it out with your instructor playing the role of the Russian.
p. | Скорая. | Ambulance. |
A. | Приезжайте скорее! У нас тяжело больной. | Come immediately! We have a very sick person here! |
P. | Что с ним? | What's the matter with him? |
A. | Плохо с сердцем. | He has chest pains. |
P. | Адрес? | What's the address? |
A. | Улица Дмитрия Ульянова 22, квартира 167. | 22 Dmitry Ulyanov street, apartment 167. |
P. | Район? | District? |
A. | Севастопольский. | Sevastopolsky. |
P. | Фамилия? | Last name? |
A. | Щербаков. | Shcherbakov. |
P. | Возраст? | Age? |
A. | 65 (шестьдесят пять) | 65. |
P. | Выезжаем. Ждите. | We're on our way. |
Listen to the dialog as recorded on the tape. When you are finished, discuss it with your classmates. What were you able to understand? Listen to the dialog again to check your comprehension. Ask your instructor for help if you need it. Now answer the questions below.
A: Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE
Raisa Nikolaevna has been calling Ivan Andreevich all day.
Ivan Andreevich already made the borshch from Raisa Nikolaevna's recipe.
Raisa Nikolaevna spoke with her son in America last week.
When Raisa calls the doctor, she gets the bank instead.
B. Answer the following questions:
Who is calling whom? Who's having "problems" with the phone?
How did the borshch turn out?
When did Raisa Nikolaevna last speak with her daughter in America?
Does Ivan Andreevich really think Raisa Nikolaevna's phone is broken? What's his advice to her?
What was the message for Ivan Andreevich from Raisa Nikolaevna's daughter?
| вешать/повесить(трубку) | to hang up (the receiver) |
| встреча | meeting, appointment |
| говорить/сказать | to speak, to say |
| звонить/позвонить | to call(up), to phone |
| записать | to write, jot down |
| класть/положить | to put (something) down |
| медленнее | slower |
| медленно | slowly |
| набрать | to dial |
| номер (телефона) | telephone number |
| перезвонить | to call back; to redial |
| повторить | to repeat |
| позвать | to call, summon (call someone to the phone) |
| пожар | fire |
| попросить | to request, ask |
| приглашение | invitation |
| скорая (помощь) | ambulance |
| слушать | to listen |
| слышать | to hear |
| справочная | directory assistance; information |
| цифра | number, figure |
Большое спасибо [за приглашение]. | Thanks (a lot) [for the invitation]. |
Вы не туда попали. | You've got the wrong number. |
Запишите... | Write down... |
Запишите мой телефон. | Write down my phone number. |
К сожалению... | Unfortunately... |
Когда открывается магазин? | When does the store open? |
Когда закрывается магазин? | When does the store close? |
Можно? | May 1? |
Нас разъединили. | We were disconnected. |
Нас двое (трое, четверо). | There are 2 (3,4) in our party. |
Не вешайте трубку. | Don't hang up. |
Не кладите трубку. | Don't hang up. |
Плохо слышно. | We've got a bad connection. |
по цифрам | one number at a time |
Повторите, пожалуйста. | Please repeat (that). |
Что нового? | What's new? |
Это бывает. | It happens. |
Это меня устраивает. | That suits me. (That's fine with me.) |
Congratulations on making it all the way through this lesson, and the whole book! As a little reward for your hard work, here's an excerpt from a poem by Kornej Chukovskij:
| 1. | У меня зазвонил телефон. | 2. | А потом позвонил Крокодил. |
| 3. | А потом позвонили заичатки: | 4. | А потом позвонил медведь |