DEFINITION MODULE MGen;
(* MC64 image emitter for the M2c scalar subset (see M2c.atg).

   Buffers a single-module MC64 image and writes "<Module>.MCD"
   (current directory) at EndModule. The image satisfies the
   reference loader (Loader2): magic "MC64", descriptor with name,
   TOINIT flag, global sizes (one 8-byte slot per variable), two
   procedures (0 = user code, 1 = decimal print helper), relative
   procedure-table cells, and the checksum rule.

   Lowered: scalar globals (INTEGER/CARDINAL/CHAR/BOOLEAN/enums as
   32-bit ops on slots, REAL as binary64), CONST initializers that
   are plain literals (emitted as startup stores), full scalar
   expressions on the stack machine, IF/CASE/WHILE/REPEAT/LOOP+EXIT/
   FOR via E0/E1 jumps with fixups. Everything else is reported by
   the parser (error 230); this module only needs structurally
   valid placeholders for those cases.

   Test convention (no I/O in the language): if the source declares
     VAR ExitCode : INTEGER;   (int family, VAR kind)
   the epilogue prints its value as decimal + CRLF through the
   embedded print procedure; otherwise the program just ends. *)

TYPE
  LitStr = ARRAY [0 .. 63] OF CHAR;
  (* Literal text: "42", "-5", "0FFH", "3.14", "'a'", "TRUE". ""
     means "not a plain literal". *)

PROCEDURE OpenModule (name: ARRAY OF CHAR);
(* Resets all state; reserves slots 0..3 for the print helper. *)

PROCEDURE DeclVar (name: ARRAY OF CHAR);
(* Assigns the next global slot to name (any type; one slot). *)

PROCEDURE DeclConst (name: ARRAY OF CHAR; lit: LitStr; t: INTEGER);
(* Assigns a slot and buffers a startup initializer from the literal
   text (t is a SymTab.TypeIndex). Empty lit buffers a 0. *)

PROCEDURE DeclConstInt (name: ARRAY OF CHAR; v: INTEGER);
(* Assigns a slot with an INTEGER startup value (enum literals). *)

PROCEDURE BeginBody;
(* Flushes buffered CONST initializers as startup stores. *)

PROCEDURE EndModule;
(* Emits the epilogue, the print procedure, the procedure table,
   the descriptor, the checksum, and writes the .MCD file. *)

PROCEDURE LoadVar (name: ARRAY OF CHAR);
(* Pushes the global (placeholder push-0 if unknown). *)

PROCEDURE StoreVar (name: ARRAY OF CHAR);
(* Pops into the global (dropped if unknown). *)

PROCEDURE LoadTemp (t: INTEGER);
PROCEDURE StoreTemp (t: INTEGER);
(* Direct slot access for compiler temporaries. *)

PROCEDURE TempGlobal (): INTEGER;
(* Allocates a fresh hidden global slot, returns its index. *)

PROCEDURE PushInt (v: INTEGER);
(* Small encodings for 0..15; negatives via 0,mag,sub. *)

PROCEDURE PushBits (b: LONGCARD);
(* 8E + 8 bytes: CARDINAL values and REAL bit patterns. *)

PROCEDURE ParseInt (s: ARRAY OF CHAR; VAR v: INTEGER): BOOLEAN;
(* Decimal, H-suffixed hex, optional leading '-'. *)

PROCEDURE ParseCard (s: ARRAY OF CHAR; VAR v: CARDINAL): BOOLEAN;
(* Decimal or H-suffixed hex (for literals past MAXINT). *)

PROCEDURE ParseReal (s: ARRAY OF CHAR; VAR b: LONGCARD): BOOLEAN;
(* Decimal with optional fraction/exponent/sign to IEEE bits. *)

PROCEDURE CharOrd (s: ARRAY OF CHAR): INTEGER;
(* ORD of a 1-character literal such as 'a'. *)

PROCEDURE NegFold (a: ARRAY OF CHAR; VAR q: LitStr);
(* Folds a unary minus into literal text ("5" -> "-5"). *)

PROCEDURE IsLit (s: ARRAY OF CHAR): BOOLEAN;
(* TRUE for non-empty literal text. *)

(* ---- stack operators (one opcode each, see mc64-spec.md §11) ---- *)

PROCEDURE Add;
PROCEDURE Sub;
PROCEDURE MulU;
PROCEDURE DivU;
PROCEDURE ModU;
PROCEDURE MulI;
PROCEDURE DivI;
PROCEDURE ModI (t: INTEGER);
(* Signed a MOD b with truncation semantics via temp slot t:
   a - (a DIV b) * b. Caller passes TempGlobal(). *)

PROCEDURE RealAdd;
PROCEDURE RealSub;
PROCEDURE RealMul;
PROCEDURE RealDiv;

PROCEDURE And;
PROCEDURE Or;
PROCEDURE Not;

PROCEDURE Power2;
(* Push (1 << pop) for set element masks. *)
PROCEDURE FieldMask;
(* (1<<hi)-(1<<lo) for set ranges. *)
PROCEDURE BitIn;
(* Push (pop in bitset(pop)). *)

PROCEDURE Eq;
PROCEDURE Neq;
PROCEDURE ULt;
PROCEDURE ULe;
PROCEDURE UGt;
PROCEDURE UGe;
PROCEDURE ILt;
PROCEDURE ILe;
PROCEDURE IGt;
PROCEDURE IGe;

PROCEDURE RealEq;
PROCEDURE RealNe;
PROCEDURE RealLt;
PROCEDURE RealLe;
PROCEDURE RealGt;
PROCEDURE RealGe;

PROCEDURE NegInt;
PROCEDURE NegReal;
PROCEDURE IntToReal;
(* BD int_to_long + BE long_to_real. *)

PROCEDURE Dup;
PROCEDURE Drop;

(* ---- control flow (E0/E1 with fixups) ---- *)

PROCEDURE NewLabel (): INTEGER;
PROCEDURE DefLabel (id: INTEGER);
PROCEDURE Jmp (id: INTEGER);
PROCEDURE Jz (id: INTEGER);
(* Jump if false (pops the condition). *)

PROCEDURE PushLoop (exit: INTEGER);
PROCEDURE PopLoop;
PROCEDURE TopLoop (VAR exit: INTEGER): BOOLEAN;
(* Innermost LOOP exit label; FALSE outside any LOOP. *)

PROCEDURE NoSupEnter;
PROCEDURE NoSupExit;
PROCEDURE CopyName (s: ARRAY OF CHAR; VAR d: ARRAY OF CHAR);
(* Copies zero-terminated strings between any char arrays. *)

PROCEDURE NoEmitEnter;
PROCEDURE NoEmitExit;
(* Suppresses code emission (not literal capture) in declarative
   contexts such as CONST initializers and subrange bounds. *)

PROCEDURE NoSup (): BOOLEAN;
(* Guard depth for unsupported constructs: while > 0 the grammar
   suppresses follow-on 230 errors to avoid cascades. *)

END MGen.