Niu2 Tou2

Ox-Head 牛 头

Lynn

mu4

ornaments on chariot shafts (ancient) 楘

yang2 zun1

goat decorated zun, goat decorated wine vessel 羊 尊

Travis

jian1 di3 ping2

amphora, bottle with a pointed bottom 尖 底 瓶

CeCelia

niao3 gai4 hu4 hu2

bird lid gourd hu, bottle shaped like a gourd with a stopper shaped like a bird 鸟 盖 瓠 壶

Lynn

Yang3shao2 wen2hua4

Yangshao culture (Neolithic culture centered around the Wei River - 5000-3000 BC) 仰 韶 文 化

CeCelia

zu3

zu, sacrificial table 俎

Lynn

Xin1shi2qi4 Shi2dai4

Neolithic Era 新 石 器 时 代

Travis

chuan2 xing2 hu2

boat shaped jug 船 形 壶

CeCelia

huan4fang1 tie3ban3

double six magic square steel plate (math puzzle) 幻 方 铁 板

Travis

yu4 chan3

jade spade 玉 铲

CeCelia

lian2 xing2 qi4

sickle shaped instrument (weapon) 镰 形 器

Travis

Xin1shi2qi4 shi2dai4 zai4 wu3qian1 nian2 dao4 yi1wan4 nian2 zhi1jian4.

The Neolithic Era was between 10 thousand and 5 thousand years ago. 新 石 器 时 代 在 五 千 年 到 一 万 年 之 间 。

Travis

tong2 dai4shi4

bronze belt ornament, bronze belt buckle 铜 带 饰

Travis

yue4

battle-axe, dagger axe 钺

Travis

yan2mo2qi4

grinding utensil, grinding stone, whetstone 研 磨 器

CeCelia

tie3 ji2li2

jour-joked points, puncture weapon 铁 蒺 藜

Travis

Jiang1zhai4

Jiangzhai (Neolithic village near Xi'an) 姜 寨

CeCelia

Er4li3tou wen2hua4

Erlitou culture (centered near Luoyang and along Wei River, early Bronze Age around 2000 BC) 二 里 头 文 化

CeCelia

fou3

pottery 缶

Sarah GChelsea

er3bei1

erbei, wine heater 耳 杯

Sarah GChelsea

jian4

jian, a water basin (ancient) 鑒

Sarah GChelsea

kui2 wen2 ding3

one-legged monster decorated ding 夔 纹 鼎

CeCelia

ji2wei4

to succeed the throne; succession 即 位

CeCelia

chong2

again, once more; to repeat, to duplicate 重

Zhang MengLiu XiaoyunHuang XuCao Lihua
AshleyJeremyLynnNick

chuan1

to pierce, to perforate, to bore through, to thread, to pass through 穿

fu3

fu, cauldron, caldron, kettle 釜

Sarah GChelsea

ma3xian2

bit (horse), mouthpiece 马 衔

Lynn

nang2hu2

wine sack, wine skin (an ancient type of soft container for wine) 囊 壶

CeCelia

Nu~3zhen1

Jurchen (ruled northwest China, Manchuria, from the 900's and established the Jin Dynasty (1115?C1234) ) 女 真

Qi4dan1

Khitan, (people from Mongolia 700 ~ 1300) 契 丹

you3

you, wine container (has a handle and a lid, commonly tall, but can be fat and round, from early Shang on) 卣

Travis

fang1gu1

fanggu, square goblet, wine vessel 方 觚

Lynn

tong2 bian1zhong1

bronze chime bell 铜 编 钟

Lynn

ban4liang3qian2

Ban Liang coin, half liang coin (liang - about 50 grams) 半 两 钱

Sarah GChelsea

kui2

kui, (one-legged monster who invented music and dancing - rain god) 夔

CeCelia

qiong2

jasper, fine jade 琼

Lynn

bei4zhu4

beizhu, ancient coin container 贝 贮

Sarah GChelsea

shi2zi4 gong1

cross bow 十 字 弓

shang4gu3

distant past, ancient times, early historical times 上 古

tao2zhong1

zhong, pottery zhong, (pottery vase with large bulbous base and long narrow neck) 陶 锺

Travis

tong2 pu1

bronze door knocker plate (ancient) 铜 鋪

Lynn

shi2mo4

millstone, grindstone 石 磨

Lynn

yong3

wooden or pottery funerary object, wooden or pottery object buried with the dead 俑

Lynn

ye3man2ren2

barbarian 野 蛮 人

tong2 hua2

bronze plowshare, bronze spade 铜 铧

Lynn

zhang4bu4

account book, ledger 账 簿

Travis

hu2lu ping2

calabash, gourd shaped bottle 葫 芦 瓶

CeCelia

Hu2

Hu (the Hu were foreigners from the Han point of view - they include many peoples with different traditions, during Shang found throughout China, later in the North and West) 胡

Travis

yu2

yu, basin, wide mouth jar 盂

Lynn

Wu3 Hu2

Wu Hu, five Hu peoples (ancient) 五 胡

Travis

nu3

cross bow 弩

jin1

jin, wine tray (ancient) 禁

Sarah GChelsea

he4 you4

brown glaze, dark grey brown glaze 褐 釉

Travis

yin2pan2

silver plate, plane of the universe 银 盘

Travis

zhe2chu2

to uncover, to excavate 折 除

wai4 shuang1 ding1 da4 ban3wa3

large roof tile with exterior double pins 外 双 钉 大 钣 瓦

Lynn

wen2

line, mark, stripe, decoration; decorated with 纹

CeCelia

cai3hui4

painted 彩 绘

Lynn

fu4zhi4pin3

reproduction, copy, replica 复 制 品

Lynn

cai3hui4 ji4zuo4 nu~3 yong3

painted figurine of a kneeling woman (funerary object) 彩 绘 跽 坐 女 俑

Lynn

zhan1bu3 gu3

divining bone 占 卜 骨

Travis

gu3 xing2 qi4

drum shaped vessel (usually Neolithic) 鼓 形 器

CeCelia

fu4yuan2

reconstruction, restoration, model; to restore, to recover 复 原

Travis

fu

fu, ancient pedestal server 鋪

Lynn

bu4

bu, covered round belly pot 瓿

Lynn

Sui2zang4 pin3 shi4 zai4 ling4 yi2 ge shi4jie1 pei2 ban4 si2zhe3 de qi4min3.

Funerary objects were placed in tombs to accompany the person into the next world. 随 葬 品 是 放 在 墓 穴 中 在 另 一 个 世 界 陪 伴 死 者 的 器 皿 。

Travis

san1 zu2 bo1

three-legged bowl (usually clay) 三 足 钵

CeCelia

shi2chan3

stone spade 石 铲

CeCelia

nei4 dan1 ding1 da4 ban3wa3

large roof tile with an interior single pin 内 单 钉 大 钣 瓦

Lynn

tao2 su3 ren2tou xiang4

pottery model of a man's head 陶 塑 人 头 像

CeCelia

qian2fan4

coin mold, money mold, coin form 钱 范

Lynn

fu3

fu, bronze or basket food container 嚎

Lynn

Ming2tang2 Bi4yong1

Mingtang Piyong Imperial Ancestral Temple and University 明 堂 辟 雍

Chelsea

suan4chou2

counting sticks 算 筹

Travis

he2

he, ancient water container 盉

Lynn

gu3 zu2

bone arrowhead 骨 镞

CeCelia

jue2

jue, wine vessel 爵

CeCelia

ling2long2 wen2 jue2

water dragon decorated jue 菱 龙 纹 爵

CeCelia

yan2mo2

to grind, to mill, to abrade; whetstone, grindstone 研 磨

CeCelia

heng2qi4

weighing apparatus 衡 器

Sarah GChelsea

pan2hui3 wen2

coiled serpent decoration 蟠 虺 纹

Lynn

xiang4ya2 suan4chou2

ivory counting sticks 象 牙 算 筹

Travis

chan2

cicada 蝉

Travis

bing1qi4

weaponry, weapon, arms, military instrument 兵 器

Travis

jiang4 you4

brown glaze 酱 釉

Travis

zhi4

zhi, covered wine goblet (rounded cover, body can be round or flat, indented in the middle, late Shang to Spring and Autumn period) 觯 ( 觶 )

Sarah GChelsea

Da4li4 ren2

Dali man (180,000 and 230,000 years ago) 大 荔 人

tao2

pottery 陶

CeCelia

ban3zhu4

rammed earth, adobe, mud brick 版 筑

CeCelia

li3qi4

ritual object, ritual vessel, sacrificial dish 礼 器

CeCelia

hu3fu2

tiger tally 虎 符

Sarah GChelsea

dui

dui, food container 敦

Lynn

gong1 nang2

bow bag, bow sack 弓 囊

Travis

ling2

ling, wide bodied jar 棂

Sarah GChelsea

yin3hu2

yinhu, wine drinking vessel 饮 壶 ( 锟 控 )

Sarah GChelsea

tao2yao2

pottery kiln 陶 窑

Lynn

hu2

hu, covered wine vessel 壶 ( 控 )

Sarah GChelsea

gui2

gui, ancient bronze food vessel with a large round mouth and two or four handles, bamboo basket 簋

Lynn

jia1

jia, (small cup for wine with handles and large knobs or ears on the top) 啃

CeCelia

yu4xuan2ji1

jasper bi, irregularly shaped round bi 玉 璇 玑

Lynn

Lao3guan1tai2 Wen2hua4

Laoguantai Culture (between 7 and 8 thousand years ago - Neolithic) 老 官 台 文 化

CeCelia

qian2 shi2fan4

stone coin mold 钱 石 范

Lynn

yi2zhi3

archaeological site, ruins, historic relics 遗 址

Sarah GChelsea

wa3dang1

eaves tile, end tile 瓦 当

Lynn

gong1

gong, wine cup (ancient) 觥

Sarah G

jian1

point, tip, top; pointed, acute, high pitched, sharp 尖

Zhang MengZhang LiLi ZhenShu ChangSun Gang
ScribMal

chui2

to hang down, to droop, to dangle, to bend down, to approach, to hand down, to bequeath; nearly. almost, 垂

CeCelia

tong2 yin4

bronze seal 铜 印

Travis

yu4qi4

jade artifact 玉 器

Ke4jia1

Hakka (ethnic group of south China) 客 家

tao1tie4 wen2 ding3

ogre mask decorated ding 饕 餮 纹 鼎

CeCelia

wu3shi4

warrior, samurai (ancient) 武 士

Travis

qing1 you4

green glaze 青 釉

Travis

ji4zuo4 tao2yong3

kneeling figure (funerary object) 跽 坐 陶 俑

Sarah GChelsea

gu3 zhui1 bing3

bone awl handle 骨 锥 柄

CeCelia

bing3

handle, shaft, stem 柄

CeCelia

li4

li, cauldron, caldron 鬲

CeCelia

jian4

mirror, reflection; to view, to reflect, to inspect; ancient bronze mirror 鉴

Sarah GChelsea

gui4bai4

to kowtow, to kneel and worship 跪 拜

Travis

gao1 ling3 guan4

long necked jar 高 领 罐

CeCelia

weng4cheng2

defensive enclosure around a gate, enceinte of a city gate, barbican entrance to a city 瓮 城

shi2diao1

stone engraving, engraved stone 石 雕

CeCelia

xiang1 qi1

rustic axe, village axe (ancient) 乡 戚

Travis

bao4 dun4 nan2 yong3

figure of a man carrying a shield (funerary object) 抱 盾 男 俑

Lynn

long2shou3 wen2 ge1

dragon head axe 龙 首 纹 戈

CeCelia

chang2 Hu2 si4 chuan1 ge1

long Hu four-holed halberd 长 胡 四 穿 戈

Travis

gu3 chan3

bone spade 骨 铲

CeCelia

mao2

spear, lance 矛

Du FengDeng YichenWang ChenZhou HuiRen Shuang
Ann

lian2hu2

curved design, flourishes, curlicue 连 弧

Sarah GChelsea

ying2

ying, ancient water container 蓥

Lynn

zhu4

pillar, post, column, peg, stem 柱

Travis

tao2 ren2mian4 xiang4

pottery figure of a man's face 陶 人 面 像

Travis

shu1sheng1

intellectual, scholar, student (archaic) 书 生

bi4yu4

jade bi, jade disk with a hole in the center (ancient ritual object) 璧 玉

Travis

xing1yun2

nebula, star and cloud (common ancient design) 星 云

Lynn

chan3

to level off, to root up, to shovel, to remove; spade, shovel 铲

CeCelia

Di4

Di, (northern ethnic groups during Qin and Han dynasties) 狄

yi2zhang4

flags, ceremonial weaponry, weapons carried by a guard of honor, insignia carried before the emperor 仪 仗

Travis

nu3ji1

crossbow mechanism 弩 机

Travis

bei4zhu4

beizhu, ancient coin container 貝 貯

Sarah GChelsea

she2shou3 wen2

snake head decoration 蛇 首 纹

CeCelia

wa1 wen2 yue4

frog decorated battle-axe 蛙 纹 钺

Travis

liu2li2

colored glaze, colored glass 琉 璃

Travis

tong2 li4

bronze li, three-legged bronze cooking jar 铜 鬲

Travis

bei4bi4

cowrie shell money 贝 币

Lynn

san1 zu2 guan4

three-legged jar 三 足 罐

CeCelia

bi4

bi, circlet, ring, annulus (flat round circle with a hole in the center, often made of jade) 璧

CeCelia

shao2

dipper, spoon 勺

CeCelia

tong2

bronze (actually qing1tong2 is bronze, but tong2 is used if it is clear it is bronze) 铜

Travis

yang2hu3

sheep-tiger 羊 虎

Lynn

Kui2 long2 wen2

Kui design 夔 龙 纹

Lynn

hu2lu

bottle shaped gourd (has two bulbous areas separated by an indented area) 葫 芦

CeCelia

lou4kong1 dou4

openwork dou, ancient pedestal server with openwork design 镂 空 豆

Lynn

shuang1 er3 bei1

double-handled cup, two eared cup 双 耳 杯

Travis

tao2yong3

pottery figure, (funerary object buried in tombs) 陶 俑

Sarah GChelsea

tong2 jing4

bronze mirror 铜 镜

Sarah GChelsea

lei2 wen2 ding3

cloud decorated ding, thunder decorated ding 雷 纹 鼎

CeCelia

jian4lou2

arrow tower 箭 楼

xiang1

village, town, countryside, rustic. provincial, hometown, native place; to face toward, ahead of, before 乡

Travis

jin1 wu3zhu1

gold wuzhu coin (ancient) 金 五 铢

Lynn

zun1

zun, wine vessel with a wide opening and flat bottom, (early Shang to modern) 尊

Travis

lian2hua1 wen2

lotus pattern 莲 花 纹

Travis

zhen4mu4shou4

grave guardian beast (ancient) 镇 墓 兽

Travis

zhan1bu3

to divine 占 卜

Travis

guan4

guan, carrying pot with handle (ancient) 罐

Sarah GChelsea

zha4

sluice, gate, circuit breaker, lock (waterway) 闸

xi4 jing3 hu2

slender-necked flask, slender-necked pot 细 颈 壶

CeCelia

chan2 wen2 ding3

cicada decorated ding, cicada decorated cooking pot 蝉 纹 鼎

Travis

hua4xiang4

portrait; to portray 画 像

Lynn

Niu2 Tou2 bang4 shi4

Ox-Head clam shell decoration 牛 头 蚌 饰

Lynn

yao2chang3

brick kiln 窑 场

CeCelia

tao2 gui1

gui (three-legged wine container with handle) 陶 鬹

CeCelia

ji3he2 wen2 fang1 zhuan1

geometric patterned brick 几 何 纹 方 砖

Sarah GChelsea

wen2guan1

civil official (ancient) 文 官

Travis

jia1gong1

to process; processing 加 工

Lynn

Lan2tian2 ren2

Lantian man (1,150,000 years ago) 蓝 田 人

CeCelia

tao1tie4 chui2 ye4 wen2 hu2

ogre mask and hanging leaf decorated pot 饕 餮 垂 叶 纹 壶

CeCelia

ban3wa3

roof tile, roof plate 钣 瓦

Lynn

ge1

ge, axe, ax 戈

CeCelia

cheng2 jiu3 pin3

wine holding item 盛 酒 品

CeCelia

gai4

to cover, to top, to surpass, to seal; cover 盖

Jessie WangZhang MengLi ZhenCao Hui
FredApril

Xiong1nu2

Xiongnu, nomadic people (ancient - 3rd century BC ~ 460 AD) 匈 奴

Travis

cheng2 shi4 qi4

container to hold food, food container 盛 食 器

CeCelia

yin3jiu3 qi4

wine drinking vessel, wine drinking utensil 饮 酒 器

Lynn

shui3qi4

water vessel, water vase 水 器

CeCelia

huo4bi4

currency, money 货 币

Huang XuZhao HeZhang MengZhao Mo
AprilJamesBrian

yan2liao4

paint, pigment, dye 颜 料

CeCelia

jue2

jue, wine vessel with three legs 角

Lynn

Zhe4 ge4 yu4qi4 ke3yi3 zhui1su4 dao4 Xin1shi2qi4 Shi2dai4. Jian4 chang3 shi2 zhao3dao4 de.

This jade artifact is dated to the Neolithic Period. It was found when the factory was built. 这 个 玉 器 可 以 追 溯 到 新 石 器 时 代 。 建 厂 时 找 到 的 。

xu3

xu, food container 盨

Lynn

qi2ma3 wu3shi4

mounted warrior (ancient) 骑 马 武 士

Travis

qing1tong2

bronze 青 铜

Travis

nong2ju4

farm implements 农 具

Lynn

yu4 bi4

jade bi 玉 璧

CeCelia

tao2 he2

pottery pitcher 陶 盉

CeCelia

ci2 zhen3

porcelain pillow (ancient) 瓷 枕

Travis

hui3

mythical venomous snake or serpent 虺

Lynn

chen2min2

subject (of a kingdom or ruler, monarchy), liege subject 臣 民

peng1ren4 qi4

cooking vessel, culinary vessel 烹 饪 器

CeCelia

yi2

yi, wine vessel (ancient) 彝

Sarah GChelsea

lu~4you4 tao2 zhu1juan4

green glazed pottery pig pen (funerary object) 绿 釉 陶 猪 圈

Travis

ji3he2 wen2 cai3 tao2 bo1

geometric design colored pottery bowl 几 何 纹 彩 陶 钵

CeCelia

xiang1lu2

incense burner 香 炉

Travis

chui1zou4

to play (wind instruments, horns, flutes, pipes) 吹 奏

Travis

Zheng4jia1po1

Zhengjiapo 郑 家 坡

Lynn

gu1

gu, goblet, wine vessel 觚

Lynn

jin1bi2

gold coin 金 币

Sarah GChelsea

bang4

clam, mussel, clam shell 蚌

Lynn

jin4dai4shi3

modern history 近 代 史

liang2shi4

food, cereals, grains 粮 食

Lynn

bing3

measure word for knives and blades 柄

CeCelia

xiang4ya2

ivory 象 牙

Travis

ji4zuo4

kneeling (sitting on the heels with the knees on the ground) 跽 坐

Lynn

ji2hu2

jihu, wine drinking vessel (ancient) 汲 壶 ( 汲 控 )

Sarah GChelsea

tong2 bei1

bronze cup 铜 杯

Travis

ling2

ling, wide bodied jar 啃

Sarah GChelsea

yin4

seal 印

Travis

Hu2ren2

Hu, Hu person, Hu people 胡 人

Travis

di3

underside, bottom, base, ins and outs, rough draft 底

Shao DanniZhang NingZhang LiCao HuiShu Chang
AustinStephan

qi1

axe (ancient), relative, relative on mother's side, sorrow 戚

Travis

tong2 ding3

bronze ding (three-legged cauldron) 铜 鼎

Lynn

nu~3 li4 yong3

standing female figure (used as a burial object) 女 立 俑

Lynn

fang1 zhuan1

square brick 方 砖

Travis

shi4

decoration, ornament; to decorate, to adorn, to conceal (a fault) 饰

Lynn

zhuan1yao2chang3

brick kiln 砖 窑 场

CeCelia

huan2

ring, link; to surround, to encircle 环

Shao DanniZhang NingZhang LiCao HuiShu Chang
KenJenniferJeremy

xi3

imperial seal, ruler's seal 玺

Lynn

liang2shi4 jia1gong1 gong1ju4

food processing equipment 粮 食 加 工 工 具

Lynn

tie3 quan2

iron weight 铁 权

Sarah GChelsea

Ying3

Ying (ancient capital of Chu in Jianling, Hubei) 郢

Sarah GChelsea

qian2 tong2fan4

bronze coin mold 钱 铜 范

Lynn

tie3 hua2

iron plowshare, iron spade (ancient) 铁 铧

Travis

yan3

yan, pot and stand 甗

Lynn

feng4 zhu4 jia1

phoenix pillar jia, jia with phoenix birds on the ears or knobs 凤 柱 啃

Travis

bi3

dagger, ladle, ancient type of flat spoon 匕

CeCelia

che1yuan2

axle 车 辕

Lynn

lu~4you4

green glaze 绿 釉

Travis

cha4

temple, shrine, monastery (Buddhist) 刹

tong2 gou4jian4

bronze parts 铜 构 件

Lynn

shi4jian4

decorative object 饰 件

Travis

pan2

pan, flat basin for washing hands (ancient) 盤

Sarah GChelsea

wen2li4

civil official, minor official (ancient) 文 吏

Travis

jian4

jian, a water basin (ancient) 鑑

Sarah GChelsea

peng1ren4

cooking, culinary arts 烹 饪

CeCelia

weng4

weng, covered round belly pot 瓮

Lynn

chui1qi4

cooking vessel 炊 器

CeCelia

tao2 li4

pottery li, pottery cauldron, pottery caldron 陶 鬲

CeCelia

tao1tie4 wen2

ogre mask design, zoomorphic mask motif (common from the Shang dynasty onward) 饕 餮 纹

CeCelia

su4

to model a figure in clay, to sculpt in clay 塑

CeCelia

juan1

to engrave, to inscribe 镌

zhuan1yao2

brick kiln 砖 窑

CeCelia

Jiu4shi2qi4 Shi2dai4

Paleolithic Era 旧 石 器 时 代

Travis

pan2

spiral, spirals, coil; to coil 蟠

Lynn

tong2 shi2 quan2

bronze and stone weights 铜 石 权

Sarah GChelsea

zhuang1shi4pin3

ornament 装 饰 品

Lynn

bei1

bei, water cup (ancient) 杯

Sarah GChelsea

zhong1

handleless cup (ancient) 锺

Lynn

miao2jin1

outlined in gold 描 金

Travis

yu4 xi3

jade seal 玉 玺

Lynn

jian4zhu4cai2 liao4

building material 建 筑 材 料

Lynn

tian1wang1

heavenly god, god 天 王

Travis

yi2

yi, footed water pourer (ancient) 縁

Sarah GChelsea

ci2

porcelain, chinaware 瓷

Travis

fu2

tally 符

Sarah GChelsea

hu4cheng2he2

moat, river outside the walls of a city 护 城 河

zhe2 fu4 guan4

pottery jar with a folded belly 折 腹 罐

CeCelia

jia3gu3wen2

oracle script, shell and bone writing 甲 骨 文

qi1yang2

battle axe (ancient) 戚 縋

Travis

tao2 ding3

pottery ding, (pottery three-legged open mouthed vessel) 陶 鼎

CeCelia

Lin2tong2 Xian4

Lintong County (district of Xi'an) 临 潼 县

CeCelia

dou4

dou, ancient pedestal server 豆

Lynn

lei2

lei, wine storage vessel (ancient) 揽

Sarah GChelsea

Li3jia1

Lijia (pre-dynastic Zhou era culture of the Wei River Valley) 刘 家

Lynn

jiu3 qi4

wine vessel 酒 器

CeCelia

tong2 zu2

bronze arrowhead 铜 镞

Lynn

fou3

fou, squared storage vessel (ancient) 缶

Sarah GChelsea

tao2 jun1

pottery granary 陶 匡

Sarah GChelsea

pan2 chi1

coiled hornless dragons (often used in decoration in ancient times) 蟠 螭

Sarah GChelsea

xiang1'an4

incense burner table 香 案

Lynn

xiang4

shape, appearance, impression; to resemble, to look like, to look as if, to seem 像

Zhang MengLiu JinzheZhu MengxiWang MeiMi ZhaoxiZhao He
FredMillieMikeApril

pai2xiao1

paixiao, xiao, pan pipe 排 箫

Travis

chong2huan2 wen2 wa3dang1

double-ring decorated eaves tile 重 环 纹 瓦 当

Lynn

shi2cheng2 zhong1

official's bell (ancient) 师 丞 钟

Lynn


http://hua.umf.maine.edu/Chinese/topics/topics.html
Last Update: July 2012
©  Marilyn Shea 1999, 2001, 2004, 2008, 2012