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ch01s12.xhtml

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  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:epub="http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops" xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:pls="http://www.w3.org/2005/01/pronunciation-lexicon" xmlns:ssml="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/synthesis" xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><head><title>Unit 2</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docbook-epub.css"/><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.2"/><link rel="prev" href="ch01s11.xhtml" title="Unit 1"/><link rel="next" href="ch01s13.xhtml" title="Unit 3"/></head><body><header/><section class="section" title="Unit 2" epub:type="subchapter" id="d0e4176"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">Unit 2</h2></div></div></div><section class="section" title="Introduction" epub:type="division" id="d0e4179"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">Introduction</h3></div></div></div><section class="section" title="Topics covered in this unit" epub:type="division" id="d0e4182"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">Topics covered in this unit</h4></div></div></div><div class="orderedlist" epub:type="list"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p> Where people are staying (houses).</p></li><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p> Where people are working.</p></li><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p> Addresses.</p></li><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p>The marker de </p></li><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p> The marker <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">ba</em></span>,</p></li><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p> The prepositional verb <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài</em></span></p></li></ol></div></section><section class="section" title="Material you will need" epub:type="division" id="d0e4209"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">Material you will need</h4></div></div></div><div class="orderedlist" epub:type="list"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p> The C-l and P-l tapes9 the Reference List and Reference Notes.</p></li><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p> The C-2 and P-2 tapes, the Workbook.</p></li><li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p> The 2D-1 tape.</p></li></ol></div></section></section><section class="section" title="References" epub:type="division" id="d0e4223"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">References</h3></div></div></div><section class="section" title="Reference List" epub:type="division" id="d0e4226"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">Reference List</h4></div></div></div><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col style="text-align: center; " class="col1"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="col2"/><col class="col3"/><col class="col4"/><col class="col5"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">1.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ zhù zài
    2. 

  2.                                         náli?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你住在哪理？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where are you staying?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zhù zài Guóbīn
    3. 

  3.                                         Dàfàndiàn.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">我住在国宾大饭店：</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I'm staying at the Ambassador Hotel.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">2.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ zhù zài
    4. 

  4.                                         náli?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你住在哪理？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where are you staying?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zhù zài
    5. 

  5.                                         zhèli.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">我住在这理。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I'm staying here.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā
    6. 

  6.                                         ne?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">他呢？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">How about him?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā zhù　zài
    7. 

  7.                                         nàli.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">他住在那理。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">He is staying there.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">3.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ zhù zài
    8. 

  8.                                         náli?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你住在哪理？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where are you staying?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zhù zài péngyou
    9. 

  9.                                         jiā.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">我住在朋友家。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I'm staying at a friend's home.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">4.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ péngyou jiā zài
    10. 

  10.                                         náli?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你朋友家在哪理？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where is your friend's house?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā jiā zài Dàlǐ
    11. 

  11.                                         Jiē.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">他家在大力街。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">His house is on <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Dàlǐ</em></span> Street.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">5.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ péngyoude dìzhǐ
    12. 

  12.                                         shì ...?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你朋友的地质是。。。？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">What is your friend's address?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā　de dìzhǐ shì jiē
    13. 

  13.                                         Sìshièrhào.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">他的地质是大力街四十二号。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">His address is № 42 <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Dàlǐ</em></span> Street.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">6.<a href="#ftn.d0e4425" class="footnote"><sup class="footnote" id="d0e4425">[a]</sup></a></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ shì Wèi Shàoxiào
    14. 

  14.                                         ba?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你是Wèi少校吧？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">You are Major Weiss, aren't you?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Shìde.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">是的。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Yes.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">7.<a href="#ftn.d0e4459" class="footnote"><sup class="footnote" id="d0e4459">[b]</sup></a></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nà shì Guóbīn
    15. 

  15.                                         Dàfàndiàn ba?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">那是国宾大饭店吧？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">That is Ambassador Hotel, isn't it?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Shìde.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">是的。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Yes.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">8.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ péngyou xiànzài
    16. 

  16.                                         zài náli gōngzuò?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你朋友现在在哪里工作？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where does your friend work now?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā zài Táinán
    17. 

  17.                                         gōngzuò.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">他在台南工作。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">He works in <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Táinán</em></span>.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">9.<a href="#ftn.d0e4527" class="footnote"><sup class="footnote" id="d0e4527">[c]</sup></a></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ zài náli
    18. 

  18.                                         gōngzuò?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你在哪里工作？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where do you work?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zài Wǔguānchù
    19. 

  19.                                         gōngzuò.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">我在武官处工作。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I work at the Defense Attache's Office.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">10.<a href="#ftn.d0e4561" class="footnote"><sup class="footnote" id="d0e4561">[d]</sup></a></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ zài náli
    20. 

  20.                                         gōngzuò?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你在哪里工作？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where do you work?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zài yínháng
    21. 

  21.                                         gōngzuò.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">我在银行工作。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I work at a bank.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">11.<a href="#ftn.d0e4595" class="footnote"><sup class="footnote" id="d0e4595">[e]</sup></a></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ péngyou zài
    22. 

  22.                                         Táiběi gōngzuò ma?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你朋友在台北工作吗？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Does your friend work in Taipei?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā bú zài Táiběi
    23. 

  23.                                         gōngzuò. Tā zài Táizhōng gōngzuò.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">他不在台北工作。他在台中工作。</em></span></td><td>He doesn't work in Taipei; he works in Taichung.</td></tr></tbody><tbody class="footnotes"><tr><td colspan="5"><div id="ftn.d0e4425" class="footnote" epub:type="footnote"><p><a href="#d0e4425" class="para"><sup class="para">[a] </sup></a>This exchange occurs on the C-1 tape only</p></div><div id="ftn.d0e4459" class="footnote" epub:type="footnote"><p><a href="#d0e4459" class="para"><sup class="para">[b] </sup></a>This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only</p></div><div id="ftn.d0e4527" class="footnote" epub:type="footnote"><p><a href="#d0e4527" class="para"><sup class="para">[c] </sup></a>This exchange occurs on the C-1 tape only</p></div><div id="ftn.d0e4561" class="footnote" epub:type="footnote"><p><a href="#d0e4561" class="para"><sup class="para">[d] </sup></a>This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only</p></div><div id="ftn.d0e4595" class="footnote" epub:type="footnote"><p><a href="#d0e4595" class="para"><sup class="para">[e] </sup></a>This exchange occurs on the C-1 tape only</p></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></section><section class="section" title="Vocabulary" epub:type="division" id="d0e4621"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">Vocabulary</h4></div></div></div><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col class="col1"/><col class="col2"/><col class="col3"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">ba</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">吧</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">question marker expressing supposition of what answer will
    24. 

  24.                                     be</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">dàfàndiàn</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">大饭店</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">hotel</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">-de</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">的</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">possessive marker</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">dìzhǐ</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">地址</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">address</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">gōngzuò</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">工作</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">to work</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Guóbīn
    25. 

  25.                                         Dàfàndiàn</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">国宾大饭店</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Ambassador Hotel</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">-hào</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">—号</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">number (in address)</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">jiā</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">家</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">home, house</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">jiē</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">街</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">street</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">lù</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">路</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">road</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nà-</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">那—</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">that</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nàge</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">那</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">that (one)</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">náli</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">哪里</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">where</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nàli</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">那里</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">there</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">péngyou</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">朋友</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">friend</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">shàoxiào</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">少校</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">major( military title)</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Shìde</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">是的</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Yes, that's so.</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Wǔguānchù</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">武官处</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">defense attache office</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">yínháng</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">银行</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">bank</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">在</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">to be in/at/on (prepositional verb)</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zhè-</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">这</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">this</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zhège</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">这个</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">this (one)</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zhèli</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">这里</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">here</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Dìyī
    26. 

  26.                                         Dàfàndiàn</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">第一大饭店</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">First Hotel</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Měiguó Guójì
    27. 

  27.                                         Jiāoliú Zǒngshǔ</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">美国国际</em></span><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Jiāoliú
    28. 

  28.                                     Zǒngshǔ</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">U.S. International Communications Agency</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Měiguó
    29. 

  29.                                         Yínháng</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">美国银行</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Bank of America</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Táiwān
    30. 

  30.                                         Yínháng</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">台湾银行</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Bank of Taiwan</td></tr><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Yóuzhèngjǘ</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">邮政局</em></span></td><td>post office</td></tr></tbody></table></div></section><section class="section" title="Reference Notes" epub:type="division" id="d0e4885"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">Reference Notes</h4></div></div></div><section class="section" title="Notes on №1-2" epub:type="division" id="d0e4888"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">Notes on №1-2</h5></div></div></div><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col style="text-align: center; " class="col1"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="col2"/><col class="col3"/><col class="col4"/><col class="col5"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">1.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ zhù zài
    31. 

  31.                                             náli?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你住在哪理？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where are you staying?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zhù zài
    32. 

  32.                                             Guóbīn Dàfàndiàn.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">我住在国宾大饭店：</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I'm staying at the Ambassador Hotel.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">2.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ zhù zài
    33. 

  33.                                             náli?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你住在哪理？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where are you staying?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zhù zài
    34. 

  34.                                             zhèli.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">我住在这理。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I'm staying here.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā
    35. 

  35.                                             ne?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">他呢？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">How about him?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā zhù　zài
    36. 

  36.                                             nàli.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">他住在那理。</em></span></td><td>He is staying there.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>The word <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">guóbǐn</em></span>
    37. 

  37.                         actually refers to any official state guest, not just an ambassador. (The
    38. 

  38.                         word for "ambassador" is <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">dàshǐ</em></span>) The translation "Ambassador Hotel" has been used
    39. 

  39.                         for years by that hotel and, although inaccurate, has been retained in this
    40. 

  40.                         text.</p><p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Dàfàndiàn</em></span> means
    41. 

  41.                         "great hotel" or "grand hotel." It is commonly used in the names of Taiwan
    42. 

  42.                         and Hong Kong hotels.</p><p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Náli</em></span>,
    43. 

  43.                             <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nàli</em></span>, and
    44. 

  44.                             <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zhèli</em></span> are
    45. 

  45.                         common variants of <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nǎr</em></span>, <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nàr</em></span>, and <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zhèr</em></span> in non-Peking dialects of Standard Chinese. The
    46. 

  46.                         forms with <span class="bold"><strong>r</strong></span> are Peking dialect
    47. 

  47.                         forms.</p><p> Compare:</p><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col style="text-align: center; " class="c1"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="c2"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="c3"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Peking</th><th style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Other</th><th style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nǎr</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">náli</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">where</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nàr</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nàli</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">there</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zhèr</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zhèli</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; ">here</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>Notice the difference in tone "between <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nǎr</em></span> and <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">náli</em></span>. This is because
    48. 

  48.                             -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">li</em></span> has a
    49. 

  49.                         basic Low tone, and the first of two adjoining Low-tone syllables changes to
    50. 

  50.                         a Rising tone: <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nǎ</em></span>
    51. 

  51.                         + -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">lǐ</em></span> =
    52. 

  52.                             <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">náli</em></span>.</p></section><section class="section" title="Notes on №3-4" epub:type="division" id="d0e5074"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">Notes on №3-4</h5></div></div></div><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col style="text-align: center; " class="col1"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="col2"/><col class="col3"/><col class="col4"/><col class="col5"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">3.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ zhù zài
    53. 

  53.                                             náli?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你住在哪理？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where are you staying?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zhù zài
    54. 

  54.                                             péngyou jiā.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">我住在朋友家。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I'm staying at a friend's home.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">4.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ péngyou jiā
    55. 

  55.                                             zài náli?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你朋友家在哪理？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where is your friend's house?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā jiā zài Dàlǐ
    56. 

  56.                                             Jiē.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">他家在大力街。</em></span></td><td>His house is on <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Dàlǐ</em></span> Street.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>The possessive relationships in <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">péngyou jiā</em></span>, "friend's house," <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nǐ péngyou jiā</em></span>, "your
    57. 

  57.                         friend’s house," and <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">tā
    58. 

  58.                             jiā</em></span>, "his house," are unmarked, while the English must
    59. 

  59.                         include -'s or the possessive form of the pronoun ("your," "his".) In
    60. 

  60.                         Chinese, possessive relationships may be expressed by simply putting the
    61. 

  61.                         possessor in front of the possessed when the relationship between the two is
    62. 

  62.                         particularly close, like the relationship between a person and his home,
    63. 

  63.                         family, or friends.</p></section><section class="section" title="Notes on №5" epub:type="division" id="d0e5155"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">Notes on №5</h5></div></div></div><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col style="text-align: center; " class="col1"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="col2"/><col class="col3"/><col class="col4"/><col class="col5"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">5.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ péngyoude
    64. 

  64.                                             dìzhǐ shì ...?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你朋友的地质是。。。？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">What is your friend's address?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā　de dìzhǐ shì
    65. 

  65.                                             jiē Sìshièrhào.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">他的地质是大力街四十二号。</em></span></td><td>His address is № 42 <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Dàlǐ</em></span>
    66. 

  66.                                         street.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Péngyoude dìzhǐ:</em></span>
    67. 

  67.                         "The marker -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">de</em></span> in
    68. 

  68.                         this phrase is Just like the English possessive ending -'s. With the
    69. 

  69.                         exception of close relationships, this is the usual way to form the
    70. 

  70.                         possessive in Chinese.</p><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col style="text-align: center; " class="c1"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="c2"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="c3"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nǐ
    71. 

  71.                                                 péngyǒu</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">-de</td><td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">dìzhǐ</em></span></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; ">your friend</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; ">'s</td><td style="text-align: center; ">address</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>Unlike the English -'s ending, -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">de</em></span> is also added to pronouns.</p><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col style="text-align: center; " class="c1"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">wǒde</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">my</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nǐde</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">your</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">tāde</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; ">his/her</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>You are learning possessive phrases in which the marker
    72. 

  72.                             -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">de</em></span> is used
    73. 

  73.                             (<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">tāde dìzhǐ</em></span>)
    74. 

  74.                         and some possessive phrases which do not contain -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">de</em></span> (<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nǐ péngyou jiā</em></span>). There are
    75. 

  75.                         certain reasons for the inclusion or omission of -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">de</em></span>. If a close relationship
    76. 

  76.                         exists between the possessor and the possessed, the marker -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">de</em></span> might not be used. If a
    77. 

  77.                         phrase is long and complex, as <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Lǐ
    78. 

  78.                             Xiānsheng péngyoude tàitai</em></span> , the marker -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">de</em></span> is used to separate the
    79. 

  79.                         possessor from the possessed.</p><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col style="text-align: center; " class="c1"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="c2"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="c3"/><col class="c4"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; " colspan="2">short or
    80. 

  80.                                             simple</th><th style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid ; " colspan="2">long or
    81. 

  81.                                             complex</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nǐ</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">jiā</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Hú
    82. 

  82.                                                 Měilíng</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">-de
    83. 

  83.                                                 lǎojiā</em></span></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">wǒ</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">péngyou</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nǐ
    84. 

  84.                                                 péngyou</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">-de
    85. 

  85.                                                 dìzhǐ</em></span></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Lǐ
    86. 

  86.                                                 Xiānsheng péngyou</em></span></td><td><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">-de
    87. 

  87.                                                 tàitai</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>But these are not hard and fast rules. The use or omission of
    88. 

  88.                             -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">de</em></span> is not
    89. 

  89.                         determined solely by the number of syllables in a phrase or by the closeness
    90. 

  90.                         between the possessor and the possessed, although both of these
    91. 

  91.                         considerations do play a Mg part in the decision.</p><p>While some common nouns are usually used without -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">de</em></span> "before them, most nouns
    92. 

  92.                         are more likely to be preceded by -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">de</em></span>, and many even require it. <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Dìzhǐ</em></span>, "address," is the only
    93. 

  93.                         noun you have learned which <span class="bold"><strong>REQUIRES</strong></span> the
    94. 

  94.                         possessive marker -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">de</em></span> added to the possessor. But other nouns such as
    95. 

  95.                             <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">jiā</em></span> are not
    96. 

  96.                         always preceded by -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">de</em></span>. This is also the case with nouns indicating
    97. 

  97.                         personal relationships, like <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">fùmǔ</em></span>, "father," and <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">tàitai</em></span> "wife." <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Péngyou</em></span>,
    98. 

  98.                             "friend,"<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">xuésheng</em></span>," student and <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">lǎoshī</em></span> "student are commonly
    99. 

  99.                         used without -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">de</em></span>,
    100. 

  100.                         but may also be used with the marker.</p><p>You might expect the question <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ
    101. 

  101.                             péngyoude dìzhǐ...?</em></span> to "be completed with a word such as
    102. 

  102.                             <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">shénme?</em></span>, what.
    103. 

  103.                         However, the incomplete form given in this exchange, with the voice trailing
    104. 

  104.                         off, inviting completion, is also commonly used.</p><p><span class="bold"><strong>Addresses</strong></span>: The order in which addresses
    105. 

  105.                         are given in Chinese is the reverse of that used in English. In Chinese, the
    106. 

  106.                         order is from the general to the specific: country, province or state, city,
    107. 

  107.                         street name, street number.</p><p>-<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">hào</em></span>: A street
    108. 

  108.                         number is always given with the bound word -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">hào</em></span>, "number," after it. <a href="#ftn.d0e5389" class="footnote"><sup class="footnote" id="d0e5389">[2]</sup></a></p></section><section class="section" title="Notes on №6-7" epub:type="division" id="d0e5398"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">Notes on №6-7</h5></div></div></div><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col style="text-align: center; " class="col1"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="col2"/><col class="col3"/><col class="col4"/><col class="col5"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">6.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ shì Wèi
    109. 

  109.                                             Shàoxiào ba?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你是Wèi少校吧？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">You are Major Weiss, aren't you?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Shìde.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">是的。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Yes.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">7.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nà shì Guóbīn
    110. 

  110.                                             Dàfàndiàn ba?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">那是国宾大饭店吧？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">That is Ambassador Hotel, isn't it?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Shìde.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">是的。</em></span></td><td>Yes.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Ba</em></span> is a marker
    111. 

  111.                         for a question which expresses the speaker's supposition as to what the
    112. 

  112.                         answer will be. It is the type of question which asks for a confirmation
    113. 

  113.                         from the listener.</p><p>There are three ways to translate the two questions in exchanges 6 and 7
    114. 

  114.                         into English:</p><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="vertical-align: middle; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ shi Wèi Shàoxiào
    115. 

  115.                                                 ba?</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><p>Aren't you Major Weiss?</p><p>You are
    116. 

  116.                                                 Major Weiss, aren't you?</p><p>You must be
    117. 

  117.                                                 Major Weiss.</p></td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: middle; border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ shi Guóbǐn Dàfàndiàn
    118. 

  118.                                                 ba?</em></span></td><td>
    119. 

  119.                                             <p>Isn't that the Ambassador Hotel?</p>
    120. 

  120.                                             <p>That is the Ambassador Hotel, isn't it?</p>
    121. 

  121.                                             <p>That must be the Ambassador Hotel.</p>
    122. 

  122.                                         </td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>Each translation reflects a different degree of certainty on the part of
    123. 

  123.                         the speaker. (While the differences in certainty are expressed in English by
    124. 

  124.                         variation in wording, they can be expressed in Chinese by intonation.) You
    125. 

  125.                         will probably find that the "isn’t it", "aren't you" translation fits most
    126. 

  126.                         situations.</p><p>The short answer <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">shìde</em></span> is an expanded form of the short answer
    127. 

  127.                             <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">shì</em></span>, with the
    128. 

  128.                         same meaning: "Yes, that's so." <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Shìde</em></span> is also the word used for the "yes" in the
    129. 

  129.                         military "Yes, sir."</p><p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nà</em></span>(<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nèi</em></span>): In the subject position, <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nà</em></span> (<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nèi</em></span>), "that," and
    130. 

  130.                             <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zhè</em></span>
    131. 

  131.                             (<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zhèi</em></span>),
    132. 

  132.                         "this," may be used either as free words or as bound words, with
    133. 

  133.                             -<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">ge</em></span> following. </p><p>Compare:</p><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col style="text-align: center; " class="c1"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="c2"/><col class="c3"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nà</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">shì Guóbǐn
    134. 

  134.                                                 Dàfàndiàn.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">That</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">is the Ambassador Hotel.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nà</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">-ge</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">shì Guóbǐn
    135. 

  135.                                                 Dàfàndiàn.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; ">That</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; ">one</td><td>is the Ambassador Hotel.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>However, the question form <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nǎ</em></span>- (<span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">něi</em></span>-) is a bound word.</p><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col class="c1"/><col class="c2"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǎge
    136. 

  136.                                                 (fàndiàn) shì Guóbǐn
    137. 

  137.                                             Dàfàndiàn?</em></span></td><td>Which one is the Ambassador Hotel?</td></tr></tbody></table></div></section><section class="section" title="Notes on №8-11" epub:type="division" id="d0e5594"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title">Notes on №8-11</h5></div></div></div><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col style="text-align: center; " class="col1"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="col2"/><col class="col3"/><col class="col4"/><col class="col5"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">8.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ péngyou
    138. 

  138.                                             xiànzài zài náli gōngzuò?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你朋友现在在哪里工作？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where does your friend work now?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā zài Táinán
    139. 

  139.                                             gōngzuò.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">他在台南工作。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">He works in <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Táinán</em></span>.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">9.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ zài náli
    140. 

  140.                                             gōngzuò?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你在哪里工作？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where do you work?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zài
    141. 

  141.                                             Wǔguānchù gōngzuò.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">我在武官处工作。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I work at the Defense Attache's Office.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">10.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ zài náli
    142. 

  142.                                             gōngzuò?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你在哪里工作？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where do you work?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zài yínháng
    143. 

  143.                                             gōngzuò.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">我在银行工作。</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I work at a bank.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">11.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">A:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ péngyou zài
    144. 

  144.                                             Táiběi gōngzuò ma?</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">你朋友在台北工作吗？</em></span></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Does your friend work in Taipei?</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; ">B:</td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā bú zài
    145. 

  145.                                             Táiběi gōngzuò. Tā zài Táizhōng
    146. 

  146.                                         gōngzuò.</em></span></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase">他不在台北工作。他在台中工作。</em></span></td><td>He doesn't work in Taipei; he works in Taichung.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Wǔguānchù</em></span>,
    147. 

  147.                         "defense attache’s office," literally means "military attache's
    148. 

  148.                         office."</p><p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Zài gōngzuò</em></span>:
    149. 

  149.                         Compare these two sentences:</p><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col style="text-align: left; " class="c1"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="c2"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="c3"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="c4"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: left; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Táinán.</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">He </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">is in</td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Tainan.</td><td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Táinán</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">gōngzuò.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left; border-right: 1px solid ; ">He </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; ">in </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; ">Tainan</td><td style="text-align: center; ">works.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>The sentence <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā zài Táinán
    150. 

  150.                             gōngzuò</em></span> seems to have two verbs: <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài</em></span>, "to be in/at/on," and
    151. 

  151.                             <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">gōngzuò</em></span>," to
    152. 

  152.                         work." But there is only one verb in the translation: "He works in Tainan."
    153. 

  153.                         The translation reflects the fact that <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài</em></span> loses its full verb
    154. 

  154.                         status in this sentence and plays a role like that of the English
    155. 

  155.                         preposition "in" The <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài</em></span> phrase in Chinese, like the "in" phrase in English,
    156. 

  156.                         gives more information about the main verb <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">gōngzuò</em></span>; that is, it tells
    157. 

  157.                         where the action takes place. "He works," and the work takes place "in
    158. 

  158.                         Tainan." In sentences like this, the word <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài</em></span> is a prepositional verb.
    159. 

  159.                         Most relationships expressed by prepositions in English are expressed by
    160. 

  160.                         prepositional verbs in Chinese.</p><p>You have also seen <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài</em></span> used as a prepositional verb in the sentence
    161. 

  161.                             <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">nǐ zhù zài
    162. 

  162.                             náli?</em></span> "Where do you live?" --literally, "You live at
    163. 

  163.                         where?" Notice that in this sentence the prepositional verb phrase
    164. 

  164.                             <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài náli</em></span> comes
    165. 

  165.                         after the main verb <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zhù</em></span>. In the sentence <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ zài náli gōngzuò?</em></span> the
    166. 

  166.                         prepositional verb phrase <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài
    167. 

  167.                             náli</em></span> conies before the main verb <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">gōngzuò</em></span>. Many things, such as
    168. 

  168.                         stress, contrast, and other objects in the sentence, can influence the order
    169. 

  169.                         of the prepositional verb phrase and the main verb.</p><p>In some cases, either order may be used, as in <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ zài náli zhù?</em></span> or
    170. 

  170.                             <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ zhù zài
    171. 

  171.                             náli?</em></span>. In other cases, the word order is fixed, as in
    172. 

  172.                             <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Nǐ zài náli gōngzuò?
    173. 

  173.                         </em></span>For text examples, it will be pointed out whether or not the
    174. 

  174.                         word order may be changed, and the reasons will be given.</p><p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā bú zài Táiběi
    175. 

  175.                             gōngzuò</em></span>, "He doesn't work in Taipei": In this sentence,
    176. 

  176.                         the negative adverb <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">bù</em></span> comes before the prepositional verb <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài</em></span> (which starts the
    177. 

  177.                         complete predicate <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài Táiběi
    178. 

  178.                             gōngzuò</em></span>, not before the main verb <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">gōngzuò</em></span>. This makes sense,
    179. 

  179.                         for you are not saying "He does NOT WORK," but you are saying "He does NOT
    180. 

  180.                         work IN TAIPEI."</p><div class="informaltable"><table style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; "><colgroup><col style="text-align: center; " class="c1"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="c2"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="c3"/><col style="text-align: center; " class="c4"/></colgroup><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">gōngzuò.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">bù</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">gōngzuò.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài
    181. 

  181.                                                 Táiběi</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">gōngzuò.</em></span></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Tā</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">bù</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">zài
    182. 

  182.                                                 Táiběi</em></span></td><td style="text-align: center; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">gōngzuò.</em></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></section></section></section><section class="section" title="Drills" epub:type="division" id="d0e5907"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">Drills</h3></div></div></div><p/></section><div class="footnotes" epub:type="footnotes"><br/><hr class="footnote-hr"/><div id="ftn.d0e5389" class="footnote" epub:type="footnote"><p><a href="#d0e5389" class="para"><sup class="para">[2] </sup></a>The word <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">dì</em></span>- is sometimes translated "number," as in
    183. 

  183.                                     <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">dìyī</em></span>,
    184. 

  184.                                 "number one" (See resource module on Numbers, tape 4.)</p></div></div></section><footer/></body></html>
    185.