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FSI-Chinese-docbook


			
				
					
						
						
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    <head>
        <title>Unit 7</title>
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docbook-epub.css" />
        <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.2" />
        <link rel="prev" href="ch01s16.xhtml" title="Unit 6" />
        <link rel="next" href="ch01s18.xhtml" title="Unit 8" />
    </head>
    <body><header></header><section class="section" title="Unit 7" epub:type="subchapter"
            id="d0e12482">
            <div class="titlepage">
                <div>
                    <div>
                        <h2 class="title" style="clear: both">Unit 7</h2>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
            <p></p>
            <section class="section" title="Introduction" epub:type="division" id="d0e12486">
                <div class="titlepage">
                    <div>
                        <div>
                            <h3 class="title">Introduction</h3>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <p></p>
                <section class="section" title="Topics covered in this unit" epub:type="division"
                    id="d0e12490">
                    <div class="titlepage">
                        <div>
                            <div>
                                <h4 class="title">Topics covered in this unit</h4>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="orderedlist" epub:type="list">
                        <ol class="orderedlist" type="1">
                            <li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p>Topics Covered In This
                                    Unit</p></li>
                            <li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p>Where someone
                                works.</p></li>
                            <li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p>Where and what someone has
                                    studied.</p></li>
                            <li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p>What languages someone can
                                    speak.</p></li>
                            <li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p>Auxiliary verbs.</p></li>
                            <li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p>General objects.</p></li>
                        </ol>
                    </div>
                </section>
                <section class="section" title="Material you will need" epub:type="division"
                    id="d0e12512">
                    <div class="titlepage">
                        <div>
                            <div>
                                <h4 class="title">Material you will need</h4>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="orderedlist" epub:type="list">
                        <ol class="orderedlist" type="1">
                            <li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p>The C-l and P-l tapes, the
                                    Reference List and Reference Notes,</p></li>
                            <li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p>The C-2 and P-2 tapes, the
                                    Workbook.</p></li>
                            <li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p>The TD-1 tape.</p></li>
                        </ol>
                    </div>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section class="section" title="References" epub:type="division" id="d0e12526">
                <div class="titlepage">
                    <div>
                        <div>
                            <h3 class="title">References</h3>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <p></p>
                <section class="section" title="Reference List" epub:type="division" id="d0e12530">
                    <div class="titlepage">
                        <div>
                            <div>
                                <h4 class="title">Reference List</h4>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <p></p>
                    <div class="informaltable">
                        <table
                            style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; ">
                            <colgroup>
                                <col style="text-align: center; " class="col1" />
                                <col style="text-align: center; " class="col2" />
                                <col class="col3" />
                                <col class="col4" />
                                <col class="col5" />
                            </colgroup>
                            <tbody>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >1.</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >A:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Nǐn zài náli
                                            gōngzuò?</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >您在哪里工作？</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where do you work?</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >B:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zài Měiguó Guówùyàn
                                                gōngzuò.</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >我在美国国务院工作。</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I work with the State
                                        Department.</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >2.</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >A:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Nǐn zài náli
                                            gōngzuò?</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >您在哪里工作？</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where do you work?</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >B:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Wǒ shì
                                        xüésheng.</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >我是学生。</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I'm a student.</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >3.</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >A:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Nǐn lái zuò
                                            shénme?</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >您来做什么？</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">What did you come here
                                        to do?</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >B:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Wǒ lái niàn
                                        shū.</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >我来念书。</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I came here to
                                        study.</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >4.</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >A:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Òu, wǒ yě shì
                                            xüésheng.</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >哦，我也是学生。</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Oh, I'm a student
                                        too.</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >B:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Qǐngwèn, nǐ niàn
                                            shénme?</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >请问，你念什么？</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">May I ask, what are you
                                        studying?</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >B:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Wǒ niàn
                                        lìshǐ.</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >我念历史。</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I'm studying
                                        history.</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >5.</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >A:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Kē xiānsheng, nǐ niàn
                                                shénme?</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >可先生，你念什么？</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">What are you studying,
                                        Mr. Cook?</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >B:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zài zhèli xüé
                                                zhōngwén.</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >我在这里学中文。</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I'm studying Chinese
                                        here.</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >6.</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >A:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Qǐngwèn, nǐ xüéguo Yīngwén
                                                ma?</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >请问，你学过英文吗？</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">May I ask, have you ever
                                        studied English?</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >B:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Xüéguo</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >学过。</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Yes.</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >7.</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >A:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Qǐngwèn, nǐ huì shuō Yīngwén
                                                ma?</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >请问，你会说英文吗？</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">May I ask, can you speak
                                        English?</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >B:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Wǒ huì shuō
                                            yìdiǎn.</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >我会说一点。</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I can speak a
                                        little.</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >8.</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >A:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Nǐ tàitai yě huì shuō Zhōngguó
                                                huà ma?</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >你太太也会说中国话吗？</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Can your wife speak
                                        Chinese too?</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >B:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Bú huì, tā bú huì
                                            shuō.</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >不会，她不会说。</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">No, she can't.</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >9.</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >A:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Nǐde Zhōngguó huà hěn
                                                hǎo.</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >你的中国话很好。</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Your Chinese is very
                                        good.</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >B:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Náli, náli. wǒ jiù shuō
                                                yìdiǎn.</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >哪里，哪里。我就说一点。</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Not at all, not at all.
                                        I can speak only a little.</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >10.</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >A:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Nǐ shì zài náli
                                            xüéde?</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >你是在哪里学的？</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where did you study
                                        it?</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >B:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Wǒ shì zài Huáshèngdùn
                                                xüéde.</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >我是在华盛顿学的。</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I studied it in
                                        Washington.</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >11.</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                        >A:</td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Nǐ shì zài dàxüé xüéde Yīngwén
                                                ma?</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >你是在大学学的英文吗？</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Did you study English at
                                        college?</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                        > </td>
                                    <td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                        >B:</td>
                                    <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                            xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >Shìde, wǒ shì zài Táiwān Dàxüé xüéde
                                            Yīngwén.</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
                                            class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
                                                class="foreignphrase"
                                        >是的，我是在台湾大学学的英文。</em></span></td>
                                    <td>Yes, I studied English at Taiwan University.</td>
                                </tr>
                            </tbody>
                        </table>
                    </div>
                </section>
                <section class="section" title="Vocabulary" epub:type="division" id="d0e12890">
                    <div class="titlepage">
                        <div>
                            <div>
                                <h4 class="title">Vocabulary</h4>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <p></p>
                    <div class="informaltable">
                        <table
                            style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; ">
                            <colgroup>
                                <col class="col1" />
                                <col class="col2" />
                                <col class="col3" />
                            </colgroup>
                            <tbody>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">jīngxüé</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >经学</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">classics</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Rìwén</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >日文</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Japanese language</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">wénxüé</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >文学</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">literature</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">zhènzhixüé</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >政治学</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">political science</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">nán</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >难</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">to be difficult</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">róngyi</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >容易</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">to be easy</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">xüéxí (xüéxi)</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >学习</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">to study, to learn</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">daxüé</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >大学</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">university</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">huà</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >话</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">language, words</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">huàshèngdùn</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >华盛顿</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Washington</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">huì</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >会</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">to know how to, to
                                        can</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">jīngjixüé</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >经济学</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">economics</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">lìshǐ</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >历史</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">history</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Měiguó
                                        Guówùyüàn</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >美国国务院</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">U.S. Department of
                                        State</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">nán</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >难</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">to be difficult</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">niàn (shū)</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >念书</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">to study</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Rìwén</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >日文</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Japanese language</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">shuō (huà)</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >说话</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">to speak, to talk</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">xüé</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >学</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">to study</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">xüéshēng
                                            (xüésheng)</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >学生</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">student</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">xüéxí (xüéxi)</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >学习</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">to study, to learn
                                        (PRC)</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">yìdiǎn</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >一点</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">a little</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Yīngwén</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >英文</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">English</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">zhènzhixüé</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >政治学</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">political science</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">Zhōngwén</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >中文</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Chinese</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">zuò</em></span></td>
                                    <td
                                        style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                            >做</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">to do</td>
                                </tr>
                                <tr>
                                    <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                            xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >shénme dìfang</em></span></td>
                                    <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
                                            class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Hani"
                                                class="foreignphrase">什么地方</em></span></td>
                                    <td>where, what place</td>
                                </tr>
                            </tbody>
                        </table>
                    </div>
                </section>
                <section class="section" title="Reference Notes" epub:type="division" id="d0e13144">
                    <div class="titlepage">
                        <div>
                            <div>
                                <h4 class="title">Reference Notes</h4>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <p></p>
                    <section class="section" title="Notes on №1-2" epub:type="division"
                        id="d0e13148">
                        <div class="titlepage">
                            <div>
                                <div>
                                    <h5 class="title">Notes on №1-2</h5>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="informaltable">
                            <table
                                style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; ">
                                <colgroup>
                                    <col style="text-align: center; " class="col1" />
                                    <col style="text-align: center; " class="col2" />
                                    <col class="col3" />
                                    <col class="col4" />
                                    <col class="col5" />
                                </colgroup>
                                <tbody>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >1.</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >A:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Nǐn zài náli
                                                gōngzuò?</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >您在哪里工作？</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where do you
                                            work?</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >B:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zài Měiguó Guówùyüàn
                                                  gōngzuò.</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >我在美国国务院工作。</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I work with the
                                            State Department.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >2.</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >A:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Nǐn zài náli
                                                gōngzuò?</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >您在哪里工作？</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Where do you
                                            work?</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                            >B:</td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >Wǒ shì xüésheng.</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >我是学生。</em></span></td>
                                        <td>I'm a student.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                </tbody>
                            </table>
                        </div>
                        <p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Zài Měiguó
                                    Guówùyüàn gōngzuò</em></span> means either "work at the State
                            Department" (i.e., at main State in Washington, D,C.) or "work in the
                            organisation of the State Department" (no matter where assigned). Here
                            the expression is translated loosely as "work with the State
                            Department," meaning "in the organization.</p>
                    </section>
                    <section class="section" title="Notes on №3-4" epub:type="division"
                        id="d0e13219">
                        <div class="titlepage">
                            <div>
                                <div>
                                    <h5 class="title">Notes on №3-4</h5>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="informaltable">
                            <table
                                style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; ">
                                <colgroup>
                                    <col style="text-align: center; " class="col1" />
                                    <col style="text-align: center; " class="col2" />
                                    <col class="col3" />
                                    <col class="col4" />
                                    <col class="col5" />
                                </colgroup>
                                <tbody>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >3.</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >A:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Nǐn lái zuò
                                                shénme?</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >您来做什么？</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">What did you come
                                            here to do?</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >B:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Wǒ lái niàn
                                            shū.</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >我来念书。</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I came here to
                                            study.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >4.</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >A:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Òu, wǒ yě shì
                                                xüésheng.</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >哦，我也是学生。</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Oh, I'm a student
                                            too.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >B:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Qǐngwèn, nǐ niàn
                                                  shénme?</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >请问，你念什么？</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">May I ask, what are
                                            you studying?</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                            >B:</td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >Wǒ niàn lìshǐ.</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >我念历史。</em></span></td>
                                        <td>I'm studying history.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                </tbody>
                            </table>
                        </div>
                        <p><span class="bold"><strong>Purpose:</strong></span> When <span
                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                            >lái</em></span>, "to come," is followed by another verb, the second
                            verb expresses the purpose of the subject's coming. The "purpose of
                            coming" may be emphasized by the <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">shì...de</em></span> construction, with
                            the marker <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">shì</em></span>
                            before the verb <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                    ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >lái</em></span>:</p>
                        <div class="informaltable">
                            <table style="border: none;">
                                <colgroup>
                                    <col class="c1" />
                                    <col class="c2" />
                                </colgroup>
                                <tbody>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >Wǒ shì lái nián shūde.</em></span></td>
                                        <td>I came to study.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                </tbody>
                            </table>
                        </div>
                        <p> </p>
                        <p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Niàn
                                shū</em></span>: <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">Niàn</em></span> by itself means "to read
                            aloud." When followed by an object, the expression means "to study."
                                <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Shū</em></span>
                            is "book(s)," but <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                    ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">niàn
                                    shū</em></span> simply means "to study." <span
                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Shū</em></span>
                            is used as a general object, standing for whatever is being studied.</p>
                        <p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Niàn
                                lìshǐ</em></span>: When you are talking about studying a particular
                            subject, <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >niàn</em></span> is followed by the name of that subject rather
                            than by the general object <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">shū</em></span>.</p>
                        <p>To have the meaning "to study," <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">niàn</em></span> must be followed by
                            either the general object <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">shū</em></span> or a specific object such
                            as the name of a subject.</p>
                        <p><span class="bold"><strong>Verb types:</strong></span>
                            <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                            >Zuò</em></span>, "to do," and <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">niàn (shū)</em></span>, "to study," are
                            action verbs. Both are made negative with bu when referring to actions
                            not yet finished Both may take completion <span
                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                            >le</em></span>_or its negative <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">méi</em></span>.</p>
                        <div class="informaltable">
                            <table
                                style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; ">
                                <colgroup>
                                    <col class="c1" />
                                    <col class="c2" />
                                </colgroup>
                                <tbody>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Tā bú niàn
                                            shū.</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">He doesn't
                                            study.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Tā méi niàn
                                            shū.</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">He didn't
                                            study.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >Tā yǐjǐng niàn shù le.</em></span></td>
                                        <td>He has already studied.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                </tbody>
                            </table>
                        </div>
                    </section>
                    <section class="section" title="Notes on №5-6" epub:type="division"
                        id="d0e13400">
                        <div class="titlepage">
                            <div>
                                <div>
                                    <h5 class="title">Notes on №5-6</h5>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="informaltable">
                            <table
                                style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; ">
                                <colgroup>
                                    <col style="text-align: center; " class="col1" />
                                    <col style="text-align: center; " class="col2" />
                                    <col class="col3" />
                                    <col class="col4" />
                                    <col class="col5" />
                                </colgroup>
                                <tbody>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >5.</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >A:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Kē xiānsheng, nǐ niàn
                                                  shénme?</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >可先生，你念什么？</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">What are you
                                            studying, Mr. Cook?</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >B:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zài zhèli xüé
                                                  zhōngwén.</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >我在这里学中文。</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I'm studying Chinese
                                            here.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >6.</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >A:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Qǐngwèn, nǐ xüéguo Yīngwén
                                                  ma?</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >请问，你学过英文吗？</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">May I ask, have you
                                            ever studied English?</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                            >B:</td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >Xüéguo</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                >学过。</em></span></td>
                                        <td>Yes.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                </tbody>
                            </table>
                        </div>
                        <p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                            >Xüé</em></span>, "to study" （an action verb): You will recognize <span
                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">xüé</em></span>
                            from the word for "student," <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">xüésheng</em></span>. <span
                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Xüé</em></span>
                            may refer to acquiring either knowledge or a skill. For example, you can
                                <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">xüé</em></span>
                            history, economics, a language, piano， and tennis. On the other hand,
                                <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >niàn</em></span> is used for "study" in the sense of taking a
                            course or courses in a field of knowledge. <span
                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >Niàn</em></span> is not used for a skill.</p>
                        <p>In some contexts, the verb <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">xüé</em></span> means "to learn." The
                            following sentence may be interpreted two ways, depending on the
                            situation.</p>
                        <div class="informaltable">
                            <table style="border: none;">
                                <colgroup>
                                    <col class="c1" />
                                    <col class="c2" />
                                </colgroup>
                                <tbody>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="vertical-align: middle; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                            rowspan="3"><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zài Měiguó yǐjīng
                                                  xüéguo.</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I learned it in
                                            America.(e.g., how to use chopsticks)</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >OR</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td>
                                            <p>I studied it in America.</p>
                                            <p>(e.g., the Chinese language)</p>
                                        </td>
                                    </tr>
                                </tbody>
                            </table>
                        </div>
                        <p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >Zhōngwén</em></span> is used for either the Chinese spoken language
                            or the written language， including literature. In general, use <span
                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">xüé</em></span>
                            for "learning" to speak Chinese and <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">niàn</em></span> for "studying’ Chinese
                            literature.</p>
                    </section>
                    <section class="section" title="Notes on №7-8" epub:type="division"
                        id="d0e13527">
                        <div class="titlepage">
                            <div>
                                <div>
                                    <h5 class="title">Notes on №7-8</h5>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="informaltable">
                            <table
                                style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; ">
                                <colgroup>
                                    <col style="text-align: center; " class="col1" />
                                    <col style="text-align: center; " class="col2" />
                                    <col class="col3" />
                                    <col class="col4" />
                                    <col class="col5" />
                                </colgroup>
                                <tbody>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >7.</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >A:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Qǐngwèn, nǐ huì shuō Yīngwén
                                                  ma?</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >请问，你会说英文吗？</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">May I ask, can you
                                            speak English?</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >B:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Wǒ huì shuō
                                                yìdiǎn.</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >我会说一点。</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">I can speak a
                                            little.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >8.</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >A:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Nǐ tàitai yě huì shuō
                                                  Zhōngguó huà ma?</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >你太太也会说中国话吗？</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Can tour wife speak
                                            Chinese too?</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                            >B:</td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >Bú huì, tā bú huì shuō.</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >不会，她不会说。</em></span></td>
                                        <td>No, she can't.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                </tbody>
                            </table>
                        </div>
                        <p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                            >Huì</em></span>, "to know how to," "can," is an auxiliary verb. It is
                            used before the main verb to express an attitude toward the action or to
                            express the potential of action. <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">Xiǎng</em></span>, "to want to," "would
                            like to," is also an auxiliary verb. "Should," "must," and "may" are
                            other examples of auxiliary verbs. All auxiliary verbs in Chinese are
                            state verbs, which means that <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">bù</em></span> is always used to make them
                            negative. Auxiliary verbs never take the aspect marker <span
                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">le</em></span>
                            for completed action, regardless of whether you are talking about past,
                            present, or future.</p>
                        <div class="informaltable">
                            <table
                                style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; ">
                                <colgroup>
                                    <col class="c1" />
                                    <col class="c2" />
                                </colgroup>
                                <tbody>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >Tā qǜnián bú huì shuō Yīngwén.</em></span></td>
                                        <td>He couldn’t speak English last year.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                </tbody>
                            </table>
                        </div>
                        <p>When the marker <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                    ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >le</em></span> is used, it is the aspect marker for new
                            situations.</p>
                        <div class="informaltable">
                            <table
                                style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; ">
                                <colgroup>
                                    <col class="c1" />
                                    <col class="c2" />
                                </colgroup>
                                <tbody>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >Tā qǜnián bú huì shuō Yīngwén, xiànzài huì
                                                  le,</em></span></td>
                                        <td>
                                            <p> Last year he couldn’t speak English, but now he
                                                can.</p>
                                        </td>
                                    </tr>
                                </tbody>
                            </table>
                        </div>
                        <p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Wǒ huì shuō
                                    yìdiǎn</em></span>, "工 can speak a little": The word <span
                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >yìdiǎn</em></span>, literally "a dot," functions as a noun. It is
                            used in a sentence to mean "a little bit" where a noun object, such as
                                <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >Yīngwén</em></span>, "English," might be used.</p>
                        <p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >Yìdiǎn</em></span> may not be used directly after an auxiliary
                            verb, which must be followed by another verb.</p>
                        <p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >Shuō</em></span>, "to speak," "to talk," is another example of a
                            verb which must always have an object. <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">Shuō</em></span> must be followed by
                            either:</p>
                        <div class="orderedlist" epub:type="list">
                            <ol class="orderedlist" type="1">
                                <li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p>the general object
                                            <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">huà</em></span>, "words," in
                                        which case the meaning of <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                            class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase">shuō huà</em></span> is simply
                                        "to speak," "to talk," as in:</p><div class="informaltable">
                                        <table style="border: none;">
                                            <colgroup>
                                                <col class="c1" />
                                                <col class="c2" />
                                            </colgroup>
                                            <tbody>
                                                <tr>
                                                  <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Tā hái méi shuō
                                                  huà.</em></span></td>
                                                  <td>He hasn't yet spoken.</td>
                                                </tr>
                                            </tbody>
                                        </table>
                                    </div><p>OR</p></li>
                                <li class="listitem" epub:type="list-item"><p>a specific object such
                                        as the name of a language.</p></li>
                            </ol>
                        </div>
                        <p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Bú
                                huì</em></span>: The short yes/no answer to a question containing
                            the auxiliary verb <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">huì</em></span> is formed with <span
                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">huì</em></span>
                            rather than with the main verb.</p>
                        <p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Zhōngguó
                                    huà</em></span>: This expression refers only to the spoken
                            language, in contrast to <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                    class="foreignphrase">Zhōngwén</em></span>, which refers to both
                            the spoken and written language.</p>
                    </section>
                    <section class="section" title="Notes on №9" epub:type="division" id="d0e13701">
                        <div class="titlepage">
                            <div>
                                <div>
                                    <h5 class="title">Notes on №9</h5>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="informaltable">
                            <table
                                style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; ">
                                <colgroup>
                                    <col style="text-align: center; " class="col1" />
                                    <col style="text-align: center; " class="col2" />
                                    <col class="col3" />
                                    <col class="col4" />
                                    <col class="col5" />
                                </colgroup>
                                <tbody>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >9.</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >A:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Nǐde Zhōngguó huà hěn
                                                  hǎo.</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >你的中国话很好。</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Your Chinese is very
                                            good.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                            >B:</td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >Náli, náli. wǒ jiù shuō yìdiǎn.</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >哪里，哪里。我就说一点。</em></span></td>
                                        <td>Not at all, not at all. I can speak only a little.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                </tbody>
                            </table>
                        </div>
                        <p>Literally, <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >náli</em></span> means "where." As a reply to a compliment, we have
                            translated <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >náli</em></span> as "not at all." In China, it has traditionally
                            been considered proper and a matter of course to deny any compliment
                            received, no matter how much truth there is to it. Many people still
                            regard <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >xièxie</em></span> "thank you," as an immodest reply to a
                            compliment, since that would amount to agreeing that the compliment was
                            completely correct.</p>
                        <p><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                            >Jiù</em></span>, "only": As was noted in Unit 3, notes on Nos. 8-9,
                                <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">jiù</em></span>
                            meaning "only" is not as widely understood as <span
                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                            >zhǐ</em></span>. The last sentence in exchange 9 could Just as well be
                                <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">Wǒ zhǐ huì shuō
                                    yìdiǎn</em></span>.</p>
                    </section>
                    <section class="section" title="Notes on №10-11" epub:type="division"
                        id="d0e13761">
                        <div class="titlepage">
                            <div>
                                <div>
                                    <h5 class="title">Notes on №10-11</h5>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="informaltable">
                            <table
                                style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; ">
                                <colgroup>
                                    <col style="text-align: center; " class="col1" />
                                    <col style="text-align: center; " class="col2" />
                                    <col class="col3" />
                                    <col class="col4" />
                                    <col class="col5" />
                                </colgroup>
                                <tbody>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >11.</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                            >A:</td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Nǐ shì zài dàxüé xüéde
                                                  Yīngwén ma?</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >你是在大学学的英文吗？</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; ">Did you study
                                            English at college?</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                            > </td>
                                        <td style="text-align: center; border-right: 1px solid ; "
                                            >B:</td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >Shìde, wǒ shì zài Táiwān Dàxüé xüéde
                                                  Yīngwén.</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Hani" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >是的，我是在台湾大学学的英文。</em></span></td>
                                        <td>Yes, I studied English at Taiwan University.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                </tbody>
                            </table>
                        </div>
                        <p>In the Peking dialect of Standard Chinese, which is the model for
                            grammatical patterns presented in this course, the <span
                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase">-de</em></span>
                            of a <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >shì...de</em></span> construction comes between the verb and its
                            object. The object, therefore, is outside the <span
                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >shì...de</em></span> construction. Compare "I studied here" with "I
                            studied English here":</p>
                        <p>However, you may hear some Standard Chinese speakers who place the object
                            inside the <span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                    xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                >shì...de</em></span> construction.</p>
                        <div class="informaltable">
                            <table
                                style="border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; border-left: 1px solid ; border-right: 1px solid ; ">
                                <colgroup>
                                    <col class="c1" />
                                    <col class="c2" />
                                    <col class="c3" />
                                    <col class="c4" />
                                    <col class="c5" />
                                    <col class="c6" />
                                </colgroup>
                                <tbody>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Wǒ</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">shì</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">zài zhèr</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">xüé</em></span></td>
                                        <td
                                            style="border-right: 1px solid ; border-bottom: 1px solid ; "
                                                ><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                class="foreignphrase"><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">-de.</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: 1px solid ; "> </td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >Wǒ</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >shì</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >zài zhèr</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >xüé</em></span></td>
                                        <td style="border-right: 1px solid ; "><span
                                                xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"><em
                                                  xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  >-de</em></span></td>
                                        <td><span xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin" class="foreignphrase"
                                                  ><em xml:lang="cmn-Latn-pinyin"
                                                  class="foreignphrase">Yīngwén.</em></span></td>
                                    </tr>
                                </tbody>
                            </table>
                        </div>
                    </section>
                </section>
            </section>
            <section class="section" title="Drills" epub:type="division" id="d0e13859">
                <div class="titlepage">
                    <div>
                        <div>
                            <h3 class="title">Drills</h3>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <p></p>
            </section>
            <section class="section" title="Criterion test" epub:type="division" id="d0e13864">
                <div class="titlepage">
                    <div>
                        <div>
                            <h3 class="title">Criterion test</h3>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <p></p>
            </section>
            <section class="section" title="Appendices" epub:type="division" id="d0e13869">
                <div class="titlepage">
                    <div>
                        <div>
                            <h3 class="title">Appendices</h3>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
                <p></p>
                <section class="section" title="Appendix" epub:type="division" id="d0e13873">
                    <div class="titlepage">
                        <div>
                            <div>
                                <h4 class="title">Appendix </h4>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <p></p>
                </section>
                <section class="section" title="Appendix" epub:type="division" id="d0e13877">
                    <div class="titlepage">
                        <div>
                            <div>
                                <h4 class="title">Appendix </h4>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <p></p>
                </section>
                <section class="section" title="Appendix" epub:type="division" id="d0e13881">
                    <div class="titlepage">
                        <div>
                            <div>
                                <h4 class="title">Appendix </h4>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <p></p>
                </section>
                <section class="section" title="Appendix" epub:type="division" id="d0e13885">
                    <div class="titlepage">
                        <div>
                            <div>
                                <h4 class="title">Appendix </h4>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <p></p>
                </section>
                <section class="section" title="Appendix" epub:type="division" id="d0e13889">
                    <div class="titlepage">
                        <div>
                            <div>
                                <h4 class="title">Appendix </h4>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                    <p></p>
                </section>
            </section>
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