Mod5 completed. Will need proofreading.

Mod5.txt

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Upon successful completion of this module, the student should be able to
 
 3. Use the bus system: find out which buses go to a specific destination, at what times they leave, how often they run, where to buy tickets, where to change buses (if necessary), when the last bus of the day leaves, and where his stop is.
 
-4. Take a taxi: hail one, tell the driver where to go, and use commands such as “hurry,” “slow down,” and “stop here."
+4. Take a taxi: hail one, tell the driver where to go, and use commands such as “hurry,” “slow down,” and “stop here.”
 
 5. Use the train system: find out which trains go to a specific destination, at what times they leave, when and where to buy tickets, whether or not tickets are available for a train leaving on a specific date at a specific time, the distance to the destination, the duration of the train trip to that place, which platform the train leaves from, what to do with luggage, and whether or not the train has a dining car.
 
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ Upon successful completion of this module, the student should be able to
 
 UNIT 1 TARGET LIST
 
-
 1. Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē?
 
 到西門町去，坐幾路車？
@@ -71,7 +70,7 @@ I go to see a movie every Saturday.
 
 最後一班車是幾點鐘？
 
- What time is the last bus?
+What time is the last bus?
 
 6. Zhèbān chē shì bu shi qù Xīméndīng?
 
@@ -343,7 +342,6 @@ so, to this extent, in this way
 
 UNIT 4 TARGET LIST
 
-
 1. Wǒ xiǎng qù Táinán wán jitiān.
 
 我想去臺南玩幾天。
@@ -360,7 +358,7 @@ Zuò huǒchē qu hǎo. Dào Táinán qù zuò Gōnglùjú bú dǎ fāngbian.
 
 坐火車去好。到臺南去坐公路局不大方便。
 
-It’s better to go by train. To go to Tainan, it's not very convenient to take the bus.
+It’s better to go by train. To go to Tainan, it’s not very convenient to take the bus.
 
 3. Zuò huǒchē děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
 
@@ -384,11 +382,11 @@ Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.
 
 不必先買票。
 
-It's not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.
+It’s not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.
 
 4. Nǐ yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē?
 
-你要做什麽時候的車？
+你要坐什麽時候的車？
 
 What train do you want to take?
 
@@ -466,7 +464,7 @@ Tomorrow and (or) the day after are both possible.
 
 How far is Shanghai from Nánjīng?
 
-Yǒu liǎngbǎiwǔshiduō gōnglī.
+Yǒu liǎngbǎiwǔshiduō gōnglǐ.
 
 有兩百五十多公里。
 
@@ -996,7 +994,7 @@ to be few
 
 下車
 
-to get off the bus; “Out, please!"
+to get off the bus; “Out, please!”
 
 14. yǒu(de) shíhou
 
@@ -1224,8 +1222,7 @@ Xīméndīng literally means “West Gate ding”—dīng being a Japanese term
 
 Lù is the word for “route.” The question jǐlù? asks for the route number of the bus.
 
-Zuò, “to ride/to go by/to take [a conveyance]”:* Here zuò (literally, "to sit”) means to go by some means of transportation which the passenger is inside of (e.g., car, plane, boat, train, bus, elevator—NOT a motor- cycle or a horse). In exchange 1, zuò is used as a main verb. It can also be used as a prepositional verb, as in
-
+Zuò, “to ride/to go by/to take [a conveyance]”:* Here zuò (literally, “to sit”) means to go by some means of transportation which the passenger is inside of (e.g., car, plane, boat, train, bus, elevator—NOT a motor- cycle or a horse). In exchange 1, zuò is used as a main verb. It can also be used as a prepositional verb, as in
 
 Nǐ zěnme qù?
 
@@ -1239,13 +1236,13 @@ Wǒ zuò huǒchē qù.
 
 I am going by train.
 
-*Zuò appeared earlier in Zuò diàntī dào èrlou, “Take the elevator to the second floor."
+*Zuò appeared earlier in Zuò diàntī dào èrlou, “Take the elevator to the second floor.”
 
 Duō, “to be many/much,” is an adjectival verb.** There are several points to remember about duō:
 
 **Adjectival verbs are one type of STATE verb. See BIO, Unit 6.
 
-a.  Adjectival verbs are sometimes used before a noun to modify it (e.g., xīn zhuōzi, “new table"; dà fángzi, “big house"). However, when duō is used in this way, it must be modified, for example, by hěn or tài.
+a.  Adjectival verbs are sometimes used before a noun to modify it (e.g., xīn zhuōzi, “new table”; dà fángzi, “big house”). However, when duō is used in this way, it must be modified, for example, by hěn or tài.
 
 Tā mǎile hěn duō dōngxi.
 
@@ -1271,7 +1268,7 @@ Jīntiān jiēshangde rén hěn duō.
 
 今天的街上的人很多。
 
-There are a lot of people out today, (literally, “on the streets today")
+There are a lot of people out today, (literally, “on the streets today”)
 
 [16]
 
@@ -1305,9 +1302,9 @@ There’s one every twenty minutes.
 
 Notes on No. 3
 
-Měi- is the word for “each,” “every."
+Měi- is the word for “each,” “every.”
 
-Gé is a verb meaning “to separate,” “to divide.” It is used for intervals of time between regularly occurring events (e.g., “every half hour"). In exchange 3, gé refers to the length of time between buses.
+Gé is a verb meaning “to separate,” “to divide.” It is used for intervals of time between regularly occurring events (e.g., “every half hour”). In exchange 3, gé refers to the length of time between buses.
 
 měi    gé                      duōshao     shíhou
 
@@ -1315,7 +1312,7 @@ měi    gé                      duōshao     shíhou
 
 (every  divide-off [interval]   how much    time)    “(every) how often”
 
-The first sentence could also be translated as “How often is there a bus?” or “How often do the buses run?"
+The first sentence could also be translated as “How often is there a bus?” or “How often do the buses run?”
 
 Yìbān chē: The counter -bān is used for scheduled trips, or runs, of a vehicle. Yìbān chē is one bus run.
 
@@ -1409,7 +1406,7 @@ shàng   yì   -ban   chē
 
 “the last (previous) bus”
 
-(See Note on No. 8 and Notes on Additional Required Vocabulary for xià-, “next”; shàng-, “last,” “previous"; and tóu-, “first.")
+(See Note on No. 8 and Notes on Additional Required Vocabulary for xià-, “next”; shàng-, “last,” “previous”; and tóu-, “first.”)
 
 6. D: Zhèbān chē shì bu shi qù Xīméndīng?
 
@@ -1429,7 +1426,7 @@ Shì bu shi qù, “does it go to”:* The use of shì bu shi qù rather than q
 
 *For a discussion of the use of shì bu shi before another verb to form a question, see MON, Unit 5, notes on No. 8.
 
-Qù Xīméndīng, “go to Xīméndīng": The destination directly follows the main verb qù. You now know two ways to indicate destination:
+Qù Xīméndīng, “go to Xīméndīng”: The destination directly follows the main verb qù. You now know two ways to indicate destination:
 
 Wo dào Xīméndīng qù.
 
@@ -1443,7 +1440,7 @@ Wo qù Xīméndīng.
 
 The two forms are equally widely used.
 
-Shàng chē: This verb has several meanings. In the Directions Module, the meaning was “to go up” in Shàng lóu, yòubian jiù shi mài dìtúde. In this exchange, the meaning of shàng is “to get on/in [a vehicle]."
+Shàng chē: This verb has several meanings. In the Directions Module, the meaning was “to go up” in Shàng lóu, yòubian jiù shi mài dìtúde. In this exchange, the meaning of shàng is “to get on/in [a vehicle].”
 
 [19]
 
@@ -1463,7 +1460,7 @@ Note on No. 7
 
 Dào Xīméndīngde shíhou means “when we arrive in Xīméndīng.” If yǒu want to say, in Chinese, “when [something happens],” add -de shíhou to the phrase which names the happening.
 
-In English, “when” can mean either “during the same time” (e.g., “when I was a student") or “immediately after” (e.g., “when the light turns green"). In Chinese, however, two different expressions are used for the two meanings: -de shíhou for “at the same time” and yǐhou for “immediately after.”
+In English, “when” can mean either “during the same time” (e.g., “when I was a student”) or “immediately after” (e.g., “when the light turns green”). In Chinese, however, two different expressions are used for the two meanings: -de shíhou for “at the same time” and yǐhou for “immediately after.”
 
 Wǒ zài Xiānggǎngde shíhou hěn xǐhuan qù kàn diànyǐng.
 
@@ -1567,7 +1564,7 @@ shàng yìbān chē
 
 the previous bus
 
-Tóu-, “first,” literally “head": Let’s contrast dì- and tóu-: Dì- has no meaning of its own. Its function is to make a cardinal number into an ordinal number: for example, sān, “three,” becomes dìsān, “third,” as in dìsānge mén, “the third door.” Tóu- has a meaning of its own: “first,” as in tóusānge men, “the first three doors.”
+Tóu-, “first,” literally “head”: Let’s contrast dì- and tóu-: Dì- has no meaning of its own. Its function is to make a cardinal number into an ordinal number: for example, sān, “three,” becomes dìsān, “third,” as in dìsānge mén, “the third door.” Tóu- has a meaning of its own: “first,” as in tóusānge men, “the first three doors.”
 
 Tóu- is always followed by at least a number plus a counter (or a noun that does not require a counter).
 
@@ -1603,7 +1600,7 @@ dìèrge
 
 (NOT COUNTING)
 
-Tóuyige， “the first one,” and dìyīge, “the first one,” are similar in meaning and often interchangeable.
+Tóuyige, “the first one,” and dìyīge, “the first one,” are similar in meaning and often interchangeable.
 
 Gàosu, “to tell”: Gaosong is the usual colloquial pronunciation in Běijīng speech. Gàosu is the usual colloquial pronunciation in many other places in China, including Taiwan. The fact that, in a Taipei setting, the first speaker in exchange 7 uses gàosong tells yǒu that he is almost certainly not a native of Taiwan.
 
@@ -1845,7 +1842,6 @@ DRILLS
 
 A. Expansion Drill
 
-
 1. Speaker: Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē?
 
 到西門町去，坐幾路車？
@@ -2346,7 +2342,7 @@ G.  Transformation Drill
 
 You: Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Xīméndīng?
 
- 這班車是不是去西門町？
+這班車是不是去西門町？
 
 (Does this bus go to Xīméndīng?)
 
@@ -2612,7 +2608,7 @@ Hái yǒu sānzhàn jiù shi Xīméndīng.
 
 還有三站就是西門町。
 
-(Three more stops, and that's Xīméndīng.)
+(Three more stops, and that’s Xīméndīng.)
 
 2. Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Zhonghuá Lù?
 
@@ -3156,7 +3152,7 @@ Tā zài nèige zhuōzi nàr niàn shū.
 
 He studies at that table。
 
-Locational endings: -shang, “on”; -li, “in"; -wài, “outside”; and
+Locational endings: -shang, “on”; -li, “in”; -wài, “outside”; and
 -xià, “under,” are locational endings.
 
 Tā zài lóuxià mǎi dōngxi.
@@ -3235,7 +3231,7 @@ Wǒ mǎi dàde ba.
 
 I guess I’ll get the large one. (TENTATIVE AND CONSULTING)
 
-There is no single way to translate this use of ba. In the examples above, you can see that when the subject is “you,” ba goes untranslated; when the subject is “we,” ba is translated as “let’s"; and when the subject is “I,” ba is translated as “I guess.”
+There is no single way to translate this use of ba. In the examples above, you can see that when the subject is “you,” ba goes untranslated; when the subject is “we,” ba is translated as “let’s”; and when the subject is “I,” ba is translated as “I guess.”
 
 6. A: Èi! Zánmen bú shi zuòguò zhàn le ba?
 
@@ -3277,7 +3273,7 @@ Tā bú shi zhù zai Shànghǎi ma?
 
 Doesn’t she live in Shànghǎi? (Isn’t it the case that she lives in Shànghǎi?)
 
-Zuòguò le: To the main verb zuò, “to ride,” “to take,” the ending -guò is added to indicate the result of the action—"going past/too far.” (The full verb guò means “to pass,” “to cross.") The ending -guò may also be added to the verb zǒu, “to go,” to indicate result.
+Zuòguò le: To the main verb zuò, “to ride,” “to take,” the ending -guò is added to indicate the result of the action—“going past/too far.” (The full verb guò means “to pass,” “to cross.”) The ending -guò may also be added to the verb zǒu, “to go,” to indicate result.
 
 Òu, nǐ zhǎo Nánwèi Hútong! Nǐ zǒuguò le! Nǐ děi wàng huí zǒu.
 
@@ -3287,13 +3283,7 @@ Oh, you are looking for Nánwèi Hútong. You have walked past it. You will have
 
 [36]
 
-Aspect marker ne: You have frequently seen an aspect marker used to
-indicate a CHANGE: completion le shows that an action or process has been
-carried out (Tā zǒu le, “He has left”); new situation le marks a change in
-the past, present, or future (Tāde dàyī pòle, “His coat is worn out”). In
-exchange 6, the aspect marker ne indicates the ABSENCE OF CHANGE. In
-this exchange, ne emphasizes that there has been no change in the situation.
-You may want to think of ne as the opposite of le.
+Aspect marker ne: You have frequently seen an aspect marker used to indicate a CHANGE: completion le shows that an action or process has been carried out (Tā zǒu le, “He has left”); new situation le marks a change in the past, present, or future (Tāde dàyī pòle, “His coat is worn out”). In exchange 6, the aspect marker ne indicates the ABSENCE OF CHANGE. In this exchange, ne emphasizes that there has been no change in the situation. You may want to think of ne as the opposite of le.
 
 The marker ne is used with ACTION and STATE verbs.
 
@@ -3307,7 +3297,7 @@ Tā zài zhèr ne.
 
 他在這兒呢。
 
-He's here.
+He’s here.
 
 Zhèizhī bǐ hái kéyi xiě ne.
 
@@ -3321,13 +3311,13 @@ Míngtiān wǒ hái bù zǒu ne.
 
 明天我還沒走呢。
 
-I'm not leaving tomorrow (yet). (i.e., I'll still be here tomorrow.)
+I’m not leaving tomorrow (yet). (i.e., I’ll still be here tomorrow.)
 
 Tā hái méi lái ne.
 
 他還沒來呢。
 
-He hasn't come yet.
+He hasn’t come yet.
 
 “Still” and “yet” may, however, be translated into Chinese with either hái or ne.
 
@@ -3339,7 +3329,7 @@ Tā méi lái ne.
 
 她沒來呢。
 
-He hasn't come yet.
+He hasn’t come yet.
 
 Cái means “then and only then” or “not until then.” It is used to talk about something that has happened or will happen later than expected.
 
@@ -3347,7 +3337,7 @@ Wǒmen míngtiān cái zǒu.
 
 我們明天才走。
 
-We don't leave until tomorrow.
+We don’t leave until tomorrow.
 
 Sentences in which cái is used emphasize when something happened, rather than the fact that it happened. Therefore (shi)...-de, not le, is used to indicate completed action.
 
@@ -3355,13 +3345,13 @@ Tā (shi) bādiǎn zhōng cái láide.
 
 他是八點鐘才來的。
 
-He didn't come until eight o'clock.
+He didn’t come until eight o’clock.
 
 Wǒ zuótiān cái dàode.
 
 我昨天才到的。
 
-I didn't arrive until yesterday.
+I didn’t arrive until yesterday.
 
 Notice that the shi in the shi...-de construction may be omitted. Also, cái is placed AFTER a time word or phrase and BEFORE the verb.
 
@@ -3377,13 +3367,13 @@ Tā (shi) zuótiān cái láide.
 
 他是昨天才來的。
 
-He didn't come until yesterday.
+He didn’t come until yesterday.
 
 Nǐ míngtiān zài zǒu ba!
 
 你明天再走吧。
 
-Don't go until tomorrow!
+Don’t go until tomorrow!
 
 [37]
 
@@ -3657,7 +3647,6 @@ Dào Sānlǐtún qù zuò Wǔlù chē.
 
 到三里屯去五路車。
 
-
 6. dào Dōngdān Càishichǎng qù
 
 到東單菜市場去
@@ -3908,11 +3897,11 @@ You: Zánmen jiǔdiǎn zhōng cái shàng bān.
 
 Wǒmen wǔdiǎnbàn cái xià bān.
 
-
+我們五點半下班。
 
 3. Wǒmen xià yízhàn xià chē.
 
-我們下一站下車。
+我們下一站才下車。
 
 Wǒmen xià yízhàn cái xià chē.
 
@@ -4202,9 +4191,9 @@ Tā shuō tā qīdiǎn zhōng jiù lái.
 
 他幾點鐘來？他六點鐘來嗎？
 
- 8 o’clock
+8 o’clock
 
- Tā shuō tā bādiǎn zhōng cái lái ne.
+Tā shuō tā bādiǎn zhōng cái lái ne.
 
 他説他八點鐘才來呢。
 
@@ -4656,11 +4645,11 @@ Wǒ bǎ nèiběn shū mài le.
 
 I sold the book.
 
-c. Fàng zai qiánbian: The verb in a bǎ sentence is usually a transitive ACTION verb. An action verb refers to an activity that can be done voluntarily, either physically (mài, “to sell") or mentally (niàn, “to study"). Contrast this with a state verb, which refers to a quality or condition that the subject has no control over.
+c. Fàng zai qiánbian: The verb in a bǎ sentence is usually a transitive ACTION verb. An action verb refers to an activity that can be done voluntarily, either physically (mài, “to sell”) or mentally (niàn, “to study”). Contrast this with a state verb, which refers to a quality or condition that the subject has no control over.
 
 For instance, you can decide to study or to learn something, so xué is an action verb. But you cannot decide to know something, so zhīdao is a state verb. Although some state verbs, like zhīdao and xǐhuan, are transitive, the objects of these verbs cannot be put in a bǎ phrase because these verbs are not action verbs.
 
-d. A bǎ sentence does not end with only a verb of one syllable. Either the verb has several syllables or a phrase follows the verb. In the final sentence of exchange 3, the action verb fàng is followed by zai and the' destination qiánbian.
+d. A bǎ sentence does not end with only a verb of one syllable. Either the verb has several syllables or a phrase follows the verb. In the final sentence of exchange 3, the action verb fàng is followed by zai and the destination qiánbian.
 
 4. A: Nǐ kāide tài kuài le!
 
@@ -4698,13 +4687,13 @@ Notice that the main verb and direct object occur first; then the main verb is r
 
 The main verb is repeated when BOTH the direct object and a duration phrase or a description of manner MUST follow the verb directly. In such a case, Chinese handles this post-verb “traffic jam” by making a topic out of the more general information (what is being done): the verb and direct object. The more specific information about how the action is done becomes the comment. A literal translation of the pattern example above is “As for (the way) he speaks Chinese, (he) speaks too/very/not slowly.”
 
-A special point to observe: In English, we may say “He doesn’t speak Chinese slowly,” putting the negative word before “speak.” In Chinese, the negation must be placed directly in front of the word that is referred to (in the example, man, “slow"—not saying that he doesn’t speak, but saying that his speech is not slow).
+A special point to observe: In English, we may say “He doesn’t speak Chinese slowly,” putting the negative word before “speak.” In Chinese, the negation must be placed directly in front of the word that is referred to (in the example, man, “slow”—not saying that he doesn’t speak, but saying that his speech is not slow).
 
 Linguists have pointed out the potentially comical effect of using English word order for sentences in Chinese with manner descriptions.
 
 [51]
 
-If you were to use English word order to say “I can’t speak Chinese very well,” Wǒ bú huì shuō Zhōngguo huà hěn hào, your sentence would mean, literally, “(The fact that) I can’t speak Chinese is very good.” The right way to say “I can't speak Chinese very well” is Wǒ shuō Zhōngguo huà shuōde bú tài hǎo.
+If you were to use English word order to say “I can’t speak Chinese very well,” Wǒ bú huì shuō Zhōngguo huà hěn hào, your sentence would mean, literally, “(The fact that) I can’t speak Chinese is very good.” The right way to say “I can’t speak Chinese very well” is Wǒ shuō Zhōngguo huà shuōde bú tài hǎo.
 
 6. A: Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān, láidejí.
 
@@ -4878,7 +4867,7 @@ Notes on No. 9
 
 [53]
 
-Bú yòng zhǎo le: Bú yòng is an idiom meaning “no need to.” A more literal translation of the sentence is “No need to give me change.” Nǐ bú yòng kāi nàme kuài would be translated as “There’s no need for you to drive that fast."*
+Bú yòng zhǎo le: Bú yòng is an idiom meaning “no need to.” A more literal translation of the sentence is “No need to give me change.” Nǐ bú yòng kāi nàme kuài would be translated as “There’s no need for you to drive that fast.”*
 
 *The literal meaning of the verb yòng is “to use.”
 
@@ -5683,6 +5672,7 @@ to play, to relax, to enjoy oneself
 13. -wán
 
 完
+
 to be finished (occurs in compound verbs of result)
 
 [61]
@@ -5789,7 +5779,7 @@ shuǐ
 
 水
 
-rivers, lakes (literally, “water")
+rivers, lakes (literally, “water”)
 
 yóuyǒng
 
@@ -5835,7 +5825,7 @@ The buses of the Bureau of Highways are very comfortable. (shūfu, “to be comf
 
 Sentences containing both dào and zuò phrases: The zuò phrase usually comes first in a sentence with both a prepositional phrase expressing destination (dào...) and a prepositional phrase expressing means of conveyance (zuò...). However, if the destination is being stressed, the dào phrase may be placed at the beginning of the sentence, in the topic position. (See the second sentence in exchange 2.)
 
-Tā měitiān zuò gōnggòng qìchē dào xuéxiào lái.  
+Tā měitiān zuò gōnggòng qìchē dào xuéxiào lái.
 
 他每天坐公共汽車到學校來。
 
@@ -5845,7 +5835,7 @@ Dào yínháng qù, tā bú zuò gōnggòng qìchē. Tā zǒu lù qu.
 
 到銀行去，他不坐公共汽車。 她走路去。
 
-To go to the bank, he doesn't take the bus. He walks there,
+To go to the bank, he doesn’t take the bus. He walks there,
 
 Bú dà might also be translated as “not too,” “not so.”
 
@@ -5883,7 +5873,7 @@ Nǐ shi yào hóngde, shi yào huángde? (LEAST PREFERRED; shi UNSTRESSED HERE)
 
 The marker ne clarifies the choices in a choice-type question. Ne may be placed after one or the other choice or after both choices.
 
-Nǐ jīntiān qù ne, háishi míngtiān qù? 
+Nǐ jīntiān qù ne, háishi míngtiān qù?
 
 你今天去呢，還是明天去？
 
@@ -6019,7 +6009,7 @@ To take the bus,....
 
 Bú bì, “not necessary,” “don’t have to,” is the phrase to use as the negative of the auxiliary děi, “must,” “have to.” Děi cannot be made negative.*
 
-*"Must not” as in “You must not go” can be translated as bù néng: Nǐ bù néng qù.
+*“Must not” as in “You must not go” can be translated as bù néng: Nǐ bù néng qù.
 
 7. B: Nǐ yào zuò shěnme shíhoude chē?
 
@@ -6113,3728 +6103,6868 @@ DRILLS
 
 A.  Response Drill
 
-1. Speaker: Nǐ qù náli?    You: Wǒ xiǎng qù Táinán wán jitiān.
+1. Speaker: Nǐ qù náli?
 
-(cue) Táinán    (I’m thinking of going to
+你去哪裏？
 
-(Where are yǒu going?)  Táinán to relax for a few
-days.)
+(Where are yǒu going?)
 
-2. Nǐ qù náli? Xīnzhú  Wǒ xiǎng qù Xīnzhú wán jitiān.
-3. Nǐ qù náli? Jiāyì   Wǒ xiǎng qù Jiāyì wán jitiān.
-4. Nǐ qù náli? Gāoxióng    Wǒ xiǎng qù Gāoxióng wán jitiān.
-5. Nǐ qù náli? Huālián Wo xiǎng qù Huālián wán jitiān.
-6. NĪ qù náli? Táidōng Wǒ xiǎng qù Táidōng wán jitiān.
-7. Nǐ qù náli? Táiběi  wǒ xiǎng qù Táiběi wán jitiān.
+(cue) Táinán
 
-B.  Expansion Drill
+臺南
 
-1. Speaker: Zuò Gōnglùjú.
+You: Wǒ xiǎng qù Táinán wán jitiān.
 
-(cue) Táinán
+我想去臺南玩幾天。
 
-(Take the bus.)
+(I’m thinking of going to Táinán to relax for a few days.)
 
-You: Dào Táinán qù zuò Gōnglùjú xíng
-bu xíng?
+2. Nǐ qù náli?
 
-(To go to Táinán, would it be
-all right to take the bus?)
+你去哪裏？
 
-2. Zuò huǒchē. Jiāyì   Dào Jiāyì qù zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng?
-3. Zuò zhídáchē.   Gāoxióng    Dào Gāoxióng qù zuS zhídáchē xíng bu xíng?
-4. Zuò jìchéngchē. ,   Táidōng Dào Táidōng qù zuò Jìchéngchē xíng bu xíng?
-5. Zuò huǒchē. Huālián Dào Huālián qù zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng?
-6. Zuò jìchéngchē  Jīlóng  Dào Jīlóng qù zuò jìchéngchē xíng bu xíng?
-7. Zuò Gōnglùjú.   Táizhōng    Dào Táizhōng qù zuò Gōnglùjú xíng
+Xīnzhú
 
-bu xíng?
+新竹
 
-C.  Response Drill
+Wǒ xiǎng qù Xīnzhú wán jitiān.
 
-1. Speaker: Zuò gōnggòng qìchē
-xíng bu xíng?
-(cue) kěshi bú dà
+我想去新竹玩幾天。
 
-(Would it be all right
-to take the bus?)
+3. Nǐ qù náli?
 
-OR Zuò gōnggòng qìchē
-xíng bu xíng?
-(cue) zuì
+你去哪裏？
 
-(Would it be all
-right to take the
-bus?)
+Jiāyì
 
-2. Zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng?
-kěshi bú dà
+嘉義
 
-3. Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu xíng?
-zuì
+Wǒ xiǎng qù Jiāyì wán jitiān.
 
-4. Zuò jìchéngchē xíng bu xíng?
-zuì
+我想去嘉義玩幾天。
 
-5. Zuò Sānlù chē xíng bu xíng?
-kěshi bú dà
+4. Nǐ qù náli?
 
-6. Zuò Wǔlù chē xíng bu xíng?
-zuì
+你去哪裏？
 
-You:
+Gāoxióng
 
+高雄
 
+Wǒ xiǎng qù Gāoxióng wán jitiān.
 
-Zuò gōnggòng qìchē xíng, kěshi
-bú dà fāngbian.
+我想去高雄玩幾天。
 
-(It would be all right to take
-the bus, but it’s not very
-convenient.)
+5. Nǐ qù náli?
 
-Zuò gōnggòng qìchē xíng, zuì
-fāngbian.
+你去哪裏？
 
-(it would be all right to take
-the bus; it’s most convenient.)
+Huālián
 
-Zuò huǒchē xíng, kěshi bú dà
-fāngbian.
+花蓮
 
-Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng, zuì fāngbian.
+Wǒ xiǎng qù Huālián wán jitiān.
 
-Zuò Jìchéngchē xíng, zuì fāngbian.
+我想去花蓮玩幾天。
 
-Zuò Sānlù chē xíng, kěshi bú dà
-fāngbian.
+6. Nǐ qù náli?
 
-Zuò Wǔlù chē xíng, zuì fāngbian.
+你去哪裏？
 
-D. Expansion Drill
+Táidōng
 
-1. Speaker: Zuò huǒchē hǎo bu
-hǎo?
+臺東
 
-(cue) Gōnglùjú
-(is it all right to
-take the train?)
+Wǒ xiǎng qù Táidōng wán jitiān.
 
-2. Jīntiān qù hao bu hǎo?
-míngtiān
+我想去臺東玩幾天。
 
-3. Zuò Gōnglùjú hao bu hǎo?
-jìchéngchē
+7. Nǐ qù náli?
 
-4. Míngtiān qù hao bu hǎo?
-hòutiān
+你去哪裏？
 
-5. Zuò huǒchē hǎo bu hǎo?
-qìchē
+Táiběi
 
-You: Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hao
-ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu
-hao ne?
+臺北
 
-(Would yǒu say it’s better to
-go by train or to go by bus?)
+Wǒ xiǎng qù Táiběi wán jitiān.
 
-Nǐ shuō, jīntiān qù hǎo ne, háishi
-míngtiān qù hǎo ne?
+我想去臺北玩幾天。
 
-Nǐ shuō shi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne,
-háishi zuò jìchéngchē qu hǎo ne?
+B.  Expansion Drill
 
-Nǐ shuō, míngtiān qù hǎo ne, háishi
-hòutiān qù hǎo ne?
+1. Speaker: Zuò Gōnglùjú.
 
-Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne,
-háishi zuò qìchē qu hǎo ne?
+坐公路局
 
-6. Jīntiān qù hǎo hu hǎo?
-míngtiān
+(Take the bus.)
 
-Nǐ shuō, jīntiān qù haǒ ne, háishi
-míngtiān qù hǎo ne?
+(cue) Táinán
 
-7. Zuò fēijī hǎo hu hǎo?
-huochē
+臺南
 
-Nǐ shuō shi zuò fēijī qu hǎo ne,
-háishi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne?
+You: Dào Táinán qù zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu xíng?
 
-E. Response Drill
+到臺南去坐公路局行不行？
 
-1. Speaker: Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?
+(To go to Táinán, would it be all right to take the bus?)
 
-(cue) yes
+2. Zuò huǒchē.
 
-(Is it necessary to buy
-tickets ahead, of time?)
+坐火車
 
-OR Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?
+Jiāyì
 
-(cue) no
+嘉義
 
-(is it necessary to
-buy tickets ahead,
-of time?)
+Dào Jiāyì qù zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng?
 
-2. Dei xiān niàn Zhōngguo lìshī ma?
-yes
+到嘉義去坐坐火車行不行？
 
-3. Dei xiān zuò Yílù chē ma? no
+3. Zuò zhídáchē.
 
-H.  Dei xiān dào Xīdān ma?  yes
+坐直達車
 
-5. Dei xiān huàn qián ma?  no
+Gāoxióng
 
-6. Dei xiān qù kàn gēge ma? no
+高雄
 
-You: Dei xiān mǎi piào.
+Dào Gāoxióng qù zuò zhídáchē xíng bu xíng?
 
-(It's necessary to buy tickets
-ahead, of time.)
+到高雄去坐坐直達車行不行？
 
-Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.
+4. Zuò jìchéngchē.
 
-(it's not necessary to buy
-tickets ahead of time.)
+坐計程車
 
-Dei xiān niàn Zhōngguo lìshī.
+Táidōng
 
-Bú bì xiān zuò Yílù chē.
+臺東
 
-Dei xiān dào Xīdān.
+Dào Táidōng qù zuò jìchéngchē xíng bu xíng?
 
-Bú bì xiān huàn qián.
+到臺東去坐坐計程車行不行？
 
-Bú bì xiān qù kàn gēge.
+5. Zuò huǒchē.
 
-F. Response Drill
+坐火車
 
-1. Speaker: Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?
-(cue) 2 or 3 days
-(is it necessary to
-buy tickets ahead
-of time?)
+Huālián
 
-OR Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?
-(cue) no
-(is it necessary to
-buy tickets ahead
-of time?)
+花蓮
 
-You: Nǐ zuì hǎo liǎngsāntiān yǐqián
-mǎi piào.
+Dào Huālián qù zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng?
 
-(it would be best for yǒu to
-buy your tickets two or three
-days ahead of time.)
+到花蓮去坐坐火車行不行？
 
-Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.
+6. Zuò jìchéngchē
 
-(it's not necessary to buy
-tickets ahead of time.)
+坐計程車
 
-2. Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?   Nǐ zuì hǎo liǎngtiān yǐqián mǎi piào
+Jīlóng
 
-2 days
+基隆
 
-3. Děi xiān huàn qián ma?
-U or 5 days
+Dào Jīlóng qù zuò jìchéngchē xíng bu xíng?
 
-4. Děi xiān qù kàn gēge ma?
-no
+到基隆去坐坐計程車行不行？
 
-5. Děi xiān kàn zhèiběn shǔ ma?
-3 days
+7. Zuò Gōnglùjú.
 
-6. Děi xiān huàn qián ma? no
+坐公路局
 
-Nǐ zuì hǎo sìwǔtiān yǐqián huàn qián.
+Táizhōng
 
-Bú hi xiān qù kàn gēge.
+臺中
 
-Nǐ zuì hǎo sāntiān yǐqián kàn
-zhèiběn shū.
+Dào Táizhōng qù zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu xíng?
 
-Bú bì xiān huàn qián.
+到臺中去坐公路局行不行？
 
-G. Response Drill
+[68]
 
-1. Speaker: Nǐ yào zuò shénme
-shíhoude chē?
-(cue) shàngwǔ
+C.  Response Drill
 
-(What train do yǒu want
-to take?)
+1. Speaker: Zuò gōnggòng qìchē xíng bu xíng?
 
-2. Nǐ yào zuò jǐdiǎn zhōngde chē?
-xiàwǔ 2:10
+坐公共汽車行不行？
 
-3. Nǐ yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē?
-wǎnshang
+(Would it be all right to take the bus?)
 
-4. Nǐ yào zuò Jīdiǎn zhōngde chē?
-zǎoshang 9:50
+(cue) kěshi bú dà
 
-5. Nǐ yào zuò shánme shíhoude chē?
-shàngwǔ
+可是不大
 
-6. Nǐ yào zuò jǐdiǎn zhōngde chē?
-shàngwǔ ll:U0
+You: Zuò gōnggòng qìchē xíng, kěshi bú dà fāngbian.
 
-7. Nǐ yào zuò shánme shíhoude chē?
-xiàwǔ
+坐公共汽車行，可是不大方便。
 
-You: Wō yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.
+(It would be all right to take the bus, but it’s not very convenient.)
 
-(I want to take a morning train.)
+OR Zuò gōnggòng qìchē xíng bu xíng?
 
-Wō yào zuò xiàwǔ liǎngdiǎn shífēnde
-chē.
+坐公共汽車行不行？
 
-Wō yào zuò wǎnshangde chē.
+(Would it be all right to take the bus?)
 
-Wō yào zuò zǎoshang Jiǔdiǎn
-wǔshifēnde chē.
+(cue) zuì
 
-Wō yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.
+最
 
-Wō yào zuò shàngwǔ shíyīdiǎn
-sìshifēnde chē.
+Zuò gōnggòng qìchē xíng, zuì fāngbian.
 
-Wō yào zuò xiàwǔde chē.
+坐公共汽車行，最方便。
 
-H.  Transformation Drill
+(It would be all right to take the bus; it’s most convenient.)
 
-1. Speaker： Qingwèn, shàngwǔde
-chēpiào hái you
-meiyou?
+2. Zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng?
 
-(May I ask, are there
-still tickets for
-the morning train?)
+坐火車行不行？
 
-2. Qingwèn, dào Táinán qùde chēpiào
-hái yǒu meiyou?
+kěshi bú dà
 
-3. Qingwèn, míngtiān shàngwǔde
-chēpiào hái yǒu meiyou?
+可是不大
 
-4. Qingwèn, dào Huālián qùde chēpiào
-hái yǒu meiyou?
+Zuò huǒchē xíng, kěshi bú dà fāngbian.
 
-5. Qingwèn, jǐntiān xiàwude chēpiào
-hái yǒu meiyou?
+坐火車行，可是不大方便。
 
-6. Qingwèn, dào Gāoxiong qùde
-chēpiào hái yǒu meiyou?
+3. Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu xíng?
 
-7. Qingwèn, míngtiānde chēpiào
-hái yǒu meiyou?
+坐公路局行不行？
 
-You: Qingwèn, shàngwǔde chēpiào
-dōu màiwán le meiyou?
+zuì
 
-(May I ask, are the tickets for
-the morning trains all sold
-out?)
+最
 
-Qingwèn, dào Táinán qùde chēpiào dōu
-màiwán le meiyou?
+Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng, zuì fāngbian.
 
-Qingwèn, míngtiān shàngwǔde chēpiào
-dōu màiwán le meiyou?
+坐公路局行，最方便。
 
-Qingwèn, dào Huālián qùde chēpiào
-dōu màiwán le meiyou?
+4. Zuò jìchéngchē xíng bu xíng?
 
-Qingwèn, jīntiān xiàwǔde chēpiào
-dōu màiwán le meiyou?
+坐計程車行不行？
 
-Qingwèn, dào Gāoxiong qùde chēpiào
-dōu màiwán le meiyou?
+zuì
 
-Qingwèn, míngtiānde chēpiào dōu
-màiwán le meiyou?
+最
 
-UNIT 5
+Zuò jìchéngchē xíng, zuì fāngbian.
 
-REFERENCE LIST
+坐計程車行，最方便。
 
-(in Bǎijīng)
+5. Zuò Sānlù chē xíng bu xíng?
 
-1. A:
+坐三路車行不行？
 
-B:
+kěshi bú dà
 
-A:
+可是不大
 
-2. A:
+Zuò Sānlù chē xíng, kěshi bú dà fāngbian.
 
-B:
+坐三路車行，可是不大方便。
 
-3. A:
+6. Zuò Wǔlù chē xíng bu xíng?
 
-B:
+坐五路車行不行？
 
-4. C:
+zuì
 
-5. B:
+最
 
-A:
+Zuò Wǔlù chē xíng, zuì fāngbian.
 
-B:
+坐五路車行，最方便。
 
-6. A:
+D. Expansion Drill
 
-A:
+1. Speaker: Zuò huǒchē hǎo bu hǎo?
 
-A:
+坐火車好不好？
 
-7. * B:
+(Is it all right to take the train?)
 
-8i**B:
+(cue) Gōnglùjú
 
-Wo ye xiǎng dào Nánjīng qù
-kànkan.
+公路局
 
-Nǐ jìhua neitiān qù?
+You: Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne?
 
-Míngtiān huòshi hòutiān qù
-dōu kéyi.
+你説是坐火車去好呢，還是坐公路局去好不呢？
 
-Shànghǎi if Nánjīng yǒu duo
-yuǎn?
+(Would you say it’s better to go by train or to go by bus?)
 
-Y8u liǎngbǎiwǔshiduō
-gōnglī.
+2. Jīntiān qù hǎo bu hǎo?
 
-Zuò huoche yào zǒu duōshao
-shíhou?
+今天去好不好？
 
-Dàgài yào zǒu sìge bàn
-xiǎoshí.
+míngtiān
 
-Yào zou bànge xiǎoshí.
+明天
 
-Nǐ jìhua zài Nánjīng zhù
-Jītiān?
+Nǐ shuō, jīntiān qù hǎo ne, háishi míngtiān qù hǎo ne?
 
-Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào
-Nánjīng qù. Yǐqián mái
-qùguo. Nǐ shuō liǎngtiǎn
-gòu bu gou?
+你説，今天去好呢，還是明天去好呢？
 
-Liǎngtiǎn gòu le.
+3. Zuò Gōnglùjú hǎo bu hǎo?
 
-Měitiān yǒu jītàng chē?
+坐公路局好不好？
 
-Xiàwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+jìchéngchē
 
-Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.
+計程車
 
-Shísǎndiǎn ling wǔfēn yǒu
-yìbān tèkuài.
+Nǐ shuō shi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò jìchéngchē qu hǎo ne?
 
-Shísǎndiǎn ling wǔfēn yǒu
-yftàng tèkuài.
+你説是坐公路局去好呢，還是坐計程車去好呢？
 
-I would also like to go to Nánjīng
-to look around.
+4. Míngtiān qù hǎo bu hǎo?
 
-What day do yǒu plan to go?
+明天去好不好？
 
-Tomorrow and (or) the day after are
-both possible.
+hòutiān
 
-How far is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?
+後天
 
-It’s over 250 kilometers.
+Nǐ shuō, míngtiān qù hǎo ne, háishi hòutiān qù hǎo ne?
 
-How long does it take to go by train?
+你説，明天去好呢，還是後天去好呢？
 
-It probably takes four and a half
-hours.
+5. Zuò huǒchē hǎo bu hǎo?
 
-It takes half an hour.
+坐火車好不好？
 
-How many days do yǒu plan to stay
-in Nánjīng?
+qìchē
 
-This will be the first time I have
-gone to Nánjīng. I haven’t gone
-there before. Would yǒu say two
-days are enough?
+汽車
 
-Two days are enough.
+Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò qìchē qu hǎo ne?
 
-How many trips are there each day?
+你説是坐火車去好呢，還是坐汽車去好呢？
 
-Are there trains in the afternoon?
+[69]
 
-I hope to leave here in the afternoon.
+6. Jīntiān qù hǎo hu hǎo?
 
-There’s an express at 1305.
+今天去好不好？
 
-There’s an express at 1305.
+míngtiān
 
-*This exchange occurs on the C-1 tape only.
+明天
 
-**This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only.
+Nǐ shuō, jīntiān qù haǒ ne, háishi míngtiān qù hǎo ne?
 
-ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
-(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+你説，今天去好呢，還是明天去好呢？
 
-9. dǎsuan
+7. Zuò fēijī hǎo hu hǎo?
 
-10. huòzhě (huōzhe)
+坐飛機好不好？
 
-11. yīhòu
+huǒchē
 
-12. zhōngtōu
+火車
 
-to plan to
+Nǐ shuō shi zuò fēijī qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne?
 
-or (alternate form of huSshi)
-afterwards, later on, in the future
-hour (alternate word for xiaoshí)
+你説是坐飛機去好呢，還是坐火車去好呢？
 
-Gate at Shenzhen, where people get off the train from Hong Kong, walk across
-a bridge into China (through the gate in photo), and board a train for
-Guǎngzhōu. Most of the people in the picture are Hong Kong residents on
-their way to visit relatives in Guǎngzhōu.
+E. Response Drill
 
-VOCABULARY
+1. Speaker: Děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
 
-bàn half (followed by a counter or a noun which does not take a counter)
--cì occasion, time
-dàgài   probably, approximately
-dǎsuàn (dǎsuan) to plan to
-dìyícì (dìyícì) the first time
--duo    over, more than
-gōnglī  kilometer
-gòu to be enough
-huōshi  or
-huōzhě (huŌzhe) or
-Jìhua   to plan to
-kànkan  to see, to look around, to sight-see,
-to visit
-líkǎi   to leave
--tang   (counter for bus trips, train trips,
-etc.)
-tèkuài  express train
-xiǎoshí hour
-xīwàng (xīwang) to hope
-yào must, to have to; to take (a certain
-amount of time)
-yǐhòu   afterwards, later on; in the future
-yìqián  before, in the past
-zhōngtóu    hour
+得先買票嗎？
 
-(introduced on C-2 tape)
+(Is it necessary to buy tickets ahead, of time?)
 
-biéde dìfang
+(cue) yes
 
-cānguān
+You: Dei xiān mǎi piào.
 
-duōshao hào
-gōngchǎng
-Juéding
-yìshuāng píxié
-yōu hǎo yǒu pianyi
+得先買票。
 
-other places (cf. biěrén, “other
-people")
+(It’s necessary to buy tickets ahead, of time.)
 
-to visit as an observer
+OR Děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
 
-what size (shoe)
+得先買票嗎？
 
-factory
+(Is it necessary to buy tickets ahead, of time?)
 
-to decide
+(cue) no
 
-a pair of leather shoes
-both good and inexpensive
+Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.
 
-TU
+不必先買票。
 
-REFERENCE NOTES
+(it’s not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.)
 
-1. A: Wǒ yě xiǎng dào Nánjīng qù
-kànkan.
+2. Děi xiān niàn Zhōngguo lìshī ma?
 
-B: Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù?
+得先念中國歷史嗎？
 
-A: Míngtiān huòshi hòutiān qù
-dōu kéyi.
+yes
 
-I would also like to go to Nánjīng
-to look around.
+Děi xiān niàn Zhōngguo lìshī.
 
-What day do yǒu plan to go?
+得先念中國歷史。
 
-Tomorrow and (or) the day after are
-both possible.
+3. Děi xiān zuò Yílù chē ma?
 
-Notes on No. 1
+得先坐一路車嗎？
 
-Kànkan, “to have a look”: In exchange 1, kànkan refers to doing some
-sight-seeing. The reduplicated verb form implies an indefinite amount of
-sight-seeing, best translated into English as “to have a look,” “to look
-around.”
+no
 
-Huòshi (alternate, huòzhě) is used
-acceptable or possible.
+Bú bì xiān zuò Yílù chē.
 
-Wǒ qù mǎi yìdiǎnr píjiǔ
-huòshi mǎi yìdiǎnr qìshuī.
+不必先坐一路車。
 
-Tā míngtiān huòshi hòutiān
-lái kàn nī ma?
+4.  Děi xiān dào Xīdān ma?
 
-Háishi is used for “or” when a choice
+得先到西單嗎？
 
-Nǐ mǎi píjiǔ háishi mǎi
-qìshuī?
+yes
 
-Nǐ xīhuan dàde háishi xīhuan
-xiǎode?
+Děi xiān dào Xīdān.
 
-for “or” when both alternatives are
+得先到西單。
 
-I will go to buy some beer or
-some soft drinks.
+5. Děi xiān huàn qián ma?
 
-Is he coming to see yǒu tomorrow
-or the day after? (i.e., some-
-time during the next two days)
+得先還錢嗎？
 
-is required between the alternatives
+no
 
-Are yǒu buying beer or (are you
-buying) soft drinks?
+Bú bì xiān huàn qián.
 
-Do yǒu like the large one or (do
-you like) the small one?
+不必先還錢。
 
-2. A:
+6. Děi xiān qù kàn gēge ma?
 
-B:
+得先去看哥哥嗎？
 
-Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duo
-yuǎn?
+no
 
-You liǎngbǎi wǔshiduō gōnglī.
+Bú bì xiān qù kàn gēge.
 
-How far is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?
+不必先去看哥哥。
 
-It’s over 250 kilometers.
+F. Response Drill
 
-Notes on No. 2
+1. Speaker: Děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
 
-Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duo yuǎn?
-distance between two points.
+得先買票嗎？
 
-You is used in expressing the
+(is it necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?)
 
-Shànghǎi    lí  Nán j īng   yǒu duō yuǎn?
-(Shànghǎi   be separated from   Nán J īng   there is    how much    distance?)
+(cue) 2 or 3 days
 
-“How far is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?”
+You: Nǐ zuì hǎo liǎngsāntiān yǐqián mǎi piào.
 
-Tianjin lí  Běijīng yǒu 120 gōnglī.
-(Tiānjīn    be separated from   Běijīng there is    120 kilometers.)
+你最好兩三天以前買票。
 
-“Tianjin is 120 kilometers from Běijīng.”
+(It would be best for you to buy your tickets two or three days ahead of time.)
 
-Liǎngbǎi wǔshiduō gōnglǐ: Approximate numbers may be expressed by
-adding -duō to number phrases. When added immediately after a number,
-before the counter,* -duō refers to an indefinite amount within the
-range of the round number.
+OR Děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
 
-liǎngbǎiduō gōnglǐ  more than 200 kilometers (but
+得先買票嗎？
 
-fewer than 300)
+(is it necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?)
 
-yìqiānduōge xuésheng more than 1,000 students (but
-fewer than 2,000)
+(cue) no
 
-sānshiduōkuài qián  more than 30 dollars (but fewer
+Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.
 
-than Ho)
+不必先買票。
 
-Beginning with 20, -duō may be used in this way with any round number.
+(it’s not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.)
 
-With round numbers from 20 through 90, -jǐ may be used instead of -duō.
+2. Děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
 
-persons (but fewer
+得先買票嗎？
 
-ershiduoge ren
-èrshijǐge rén
+2 days
 
-sishiduō gōnglǐ
-slshijī gōnglǐ
+Nǐ zuì hǎo liǎngtiān yǐqián mǎi piào
 
-With the number 10, only -J:
-shíjīkuài qián
+你最好兩天以前買票。
 
-more than 20
-than 30)
+[70]
 
-more than Uo
-fewer than
+3. Děi xiān huàn qián ma?
 
-is used, never -duō.
+得先還錢嗎？
 
-more than 10
-than 20)
+4 or 5 days
 
-kilometers (but
-50)
+Nǐ zuì hǎo sìwǔtiān yǐqián huàn qián.
 
-dollars (but fewer
+你最好四五天以前還錢。
 
-*Gōnglǐ is one of the nouns used without a counter.
+4. Děi xiān qù kàn gēge ma?
 
-3. A: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao
-shíhou?
+得先去看哥哥嗎？
 
-B: Dàgài yào zǒu sìge bàn
-xiǎoshí.
+no
 
-How long does it take to go by
-train?
+Bú bì xiān qù kàn gēge.
 
-It probably takes four and a half
-hours.
+不必先去看哥哥。
 
-C: Yào zǒu bànge xiǎoshí.
+5. Děi xiān kàn zhèiběn shū ma?
 
-It takes half an hour.
+得先看這本書嗎？
 
-Notes on Nos. 3-^
+3 days
 
-The auxiliary verb yào, “to want,”
-“to have to.” (See the first sentence
+Nǐ zuì hǎo sāntiān yǐqián kàn zhèiběn shū.
 
-is sometimes used as “to need to,”
-in exchange 3.)
+你最好三天以前看這本書。
 
-Zuò huǒchē  yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?
-(ride   train   have to go  how much    time?)
+6. Děi xiān huàn qián ma?
 
-“How long does it take to go by train?”
+得先還錢嗎？
 
-Yào may also be used as a main verb meaning “to take Ca certain amount of
-timel":
+no
 
-Zuò huǒchē  yào duōshao shíhou?
-(ride   train   takes   how much    time?)
+Bú bì xiān huàn qián.
 
-“How long does it take by train?”
+不必先還錢。
 
-Bàn-, “a half (of),” is used like a number—before a counter or before
-a noun which does not require a counter.
+G. Response Drill
 
-bànge xiǎoshí   half    an hour
+1. Speaker: Nǐ yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē?
 
-bànniǎn half    a year
+你要坐什麽時候的車？
 
-bànge píngguǒ   half    an  apple
+(What train do you want to take?)
 
-Sìge bàn: When bàn FOLLOWS a counter or a noun not requiring a counter,
-the word is translated as “and a half.”
+(cue) shàngwǔ
 
-liǎngkuài bàn   two and a half dollars
+上午
 
-sāntiān bàn three and a half days
+You: Wǒ yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.
 
-yíge bàn xiǎoshí    one and a half hours
+我要坐上午的車。
 
-Xiǎoshí: Formerly, the Chinese considered that one day and night (2h
-hours) was divided into twelve 2-hour periods of time. Each of these time
-periods was divided into two xiǎoshí, “small hours,” when telling time by the
-Western 2U-hour system gained popularity throughout the world.
+(I want to take a morning train.)
 
-5. B: Nǐ Jìhua zài Nánjīng zhù
-Jītiān?
+2. Nǐ yào zuò jǐdiǎn zhōngde chē?
 
-A:  Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào
-Nánjīng qù. Yǐqián méi
-qùguo. Nǐ shuō liǎngtiǎn
-gòu bu gou?
+你要坐幾點鐘的車。
 
-B:  Liǎngtiǎn gòu le.
+xiàwǔ 2:10
 
-How many days do yǒu plan to stay
-in Nánjīng?
+下午 2:10
 
-This will be the first time I have
-gone to Nánjīng. I haven’t gone
-there before. Would yǒu say two
-days are enough?
+Wǒ yào zuò xiàwǔ liǎngdiǎn shífēnde chē.
 
-Two days are enough.
+我要坐下午兩點十分的車。
 
-Note on No. 5
+3. Nǐ yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē?
 
-Gòu le: The last sentence in exchange 5 ends with the new-situation
-marker le. This marker is used to describe what a situation is, was, or
-will be AT A SPECIFIED TIME. The travel agent says that, when the visit
-has lasted two days, THEN it will be long enough.
+你要坐什麽時候的車？
 
-6. A: Měitiān yǒu Jītàng chē?
+wǎnshang
 
-A: Xiàwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+晚上
 
-A: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.
+Wǒ yào zuò wǎnshangde chē.
 
-How many trains are there each day?
-Are there trains in the afternoon?
+我要坐晚上的車。
 
-I hope to leave here in the after-
-noon.
+4. Nǐ yào zuò jǐdiǎn zhōngde chē?
 
-Notes on No. 6
+你要坐幾點鐘的車。
 
-Jītàng: The counter -tàng is used when the trip mentioned is not a
-particular one, scheduled at a certain time. Similarly, it can also be
-used to talk about the number   of trips    a person    has made, or will   make.
+zǎoshang 9:50
 
-Líkāi,  “to leave,” may be  followed    by an object    (the place).    On  the
+早上 9:50
 
-other hand, zǒu, “to leave,” is never followed by an object.
+Wǒ yào zuò zǎoshang jiǔdiǎn wǔshifēnde chē.
 
-Nǐ  shénme shíhou líkāi zhèr?   When are    yǒu leaving here?
+我要坐早上酒店五十分的車。
 
-Nǐ  shénme shíhou zǒu?  When are    yǒu leaving?
+5. Nǐ yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē?
 
-7. B: Shisandiǎn ling wǔfēn you
-yibān tèkuài.
+你要坐什麽時候的車？
 
-8. B: Shísāndiǎn ling wǔfēn you
-yítàng tèkuài.
+shàngwǔ
 
-There’s an express at 1305.
+上午
 
-There’s an express at 1305.
+Wǒ yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.
 
-Notes on Nos. 7-8
+我要坐上午的車。
 
-Shísāndiǎn ling wǔfēn: For train and bus schedules, a 2U-hour clock
-is commonly used in China, beginning with 1 a.m. and continuing to mid-
-night, or 2^00.
+6. Nǐ yào zuò jǐdiǎn zhōngde chē?
 
-12-hour clock       2U-hour clock
-zǎoshàng shídiǎn    10  a.m.    shídiǎn 1000
-xiàwǔ yìdiān    1   p.m.    shísāndiǎn  1300
-xiàwǔ wǔdiǎn    5   p.m.    shìqīdiǎn   1700
-wǎnshàng shídiǎn    10  p.m.    èrshièrdiǎn 2200
+你要坐幾點鐘的車。
 
-Ling is included to indicate the zero in “1305.”
+shàngwǔ 11:00
 
-Tèkuài is an abbreviation for tèbiě kuàichē, “special express train.”
+Wǒ yào zuò shàngwǔ shíyīdiǎn sìshifēnde chē.
 
-Yìbān and yítàng, counters for trips made by trains, buses, planes,
-and other conveyances, are sometimes interchangeable.
+我要坐上午十一點四十分的車。
 
-DRILLS
+7. Nǐ yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē?
 
-A.  Response Drill
-1. Speaker: Wǒ dǎsuan dào Nánjīng qù kànkan.  (cue) něitiān  (I’m planning to go to Nánjīng to look around.)   You: Nǐ dǎsuan něitiān qù?  (What day do yǒu plan to go?)
-2. Wǒ xiǎng dào Xīān qù kànkan. jīyuè  Nǐ  xiǎng Jīyuè qù?
-3. Wǒ jìhua dào Húběi qù kànkan. xīngqījī  Nǐ  jìhua xīngqījī qù?
-h.  Wǒ dǎsuan dào Shànghǎi qù kànkan.   jīhào   Nǐ  dǎsuan jīhào qù?
-5. Wǒ jìhua dào Sūzhōu qù kànkan. Jīyuè    Nǐ  jìhua jīyuè qù?
-6. Wǒ xiǎng dào Běijīng qù kànkan. něitiān Nǐ  xiǎng něitiān qù?
-7. Wǒ dǎsuan dào Wuchang qù kànkan. xīngqījl   Nǐ  dǎsuan xīngqījl qù?
+你要坐什麽時候的車？
 
-B. Response Drill
+xiàwǔ
 
-1. Speaker： Nǐ dǎsuan shénme shíhou
-dào Nánjīng qù?
-(cue) xiàge yuè
+下午
 
-(When are yǒu planning
-to go to Nánjīng?)
+Wǒ yào zuò xiàwǔde chē.
 
-2. Nǐ Jìhua jīyuè dào Shànghǎi qù?
-Liùyuè
+我要坐下午的車。
 
-3. Nǐ xiǎng něitiān dào Guǎngzhōu
-qù? hèutiān
+[71]
 
-You: Wǒ dǎsuan xiàge yuè dào Nánjīng
-qu kànkan.
+H.  Transformation Drill
 
-(I’m planning to go to see
-Nánjīng next month.)
+1. Speaker： Qǐngwèn, shàngwǔde chēpiào hái yǒu meiyou?
 
-Wǒ jìhua Liùyuè dào Shànghǎi qu
-kànkan.
+請問，上午的車票還有沒有？
 
-Wǒ xiǎng hōutiān dào Guǎngzhōu qu
-kànkan.
+(May I ask, are there still tickets for the morning train?)
 
-4. Nǐ dǎsuan něinián dào Zhōngguo
-qù? míngnián
+You: Qǐngwèn, shàngwǔde chēpiào dōu màiwán le meiyou?
 
-5. Nǐ jìhua jīyuè dào Xiānggǎng
-qù? Èryuè
+請問，上午的車票都賣完了沒有？
 
-6. Nǐ xiǎng xīngqījī dào Běijīng
-qù? Xīngqīsān
+(May I ask, are the tickets for the morning trains all sold out?)
 
-7. Nǐ dǎsuan jǐdiǎn zhōng dào tā
-nèr qù? sāndiǎn zhōng
+2. Qǐngwèn, dào Táinán qùde chēpiào hái yǒu meiyou?
 
-Wo dǎsuan míngnián dào Zhōngguo qu
-kànkan.
+請問，到臺南去的車票還有沒有？
 
-Wo jìhua Èryuè dào Xiānggǎng qu
-kànkan.
+Qǐngwèn, dào Táinán qùde chēpiào dōu màiwán le meiyou?
 
-Wo xiǎng Xīngqīsān dào Běijīng qu
-kànkan.
+請問，到臺南去的車票都賣完了沒有？
 
-Wo dǎsuan sāndiǎn zhōng dào tā nèr
-qu kànkan.
+3. Qǐngwèn, míngtiān shàngwǔde chēpiào hái yǒu meiyou?
 
-C. Response Drill
+請問，明天上午的車票還有沒有？
 
-1. Speaker: Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù?
+Qǐngwèn, míngtiān shàngwǔde chēpiào dōu màiwán le meiyou?
 
-(cue) Xīngqīèr
-(What day do yǒu plan
+請問，明天上午的車票都賣完了沒有？
 
-to go?)
+4. Qǐngwèn, dào Huālián qùde chēpiào hái yǒu meiyou?
 
-2. Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù? wùhào
+請問，到花蓮去的車票還有沒有？
 
-3. Nǐ xiǎng jīyuè qù? Wùyuè
+Qǐngwèn, dào Huālián qùde chēpiào dōu màiwán le meiyou?
 
-4. Nǐ xiǎng něinián qù? 1977
+請問，到花蓮去的車票都賣完了沒有？
 
-5. Nǐ dǎsuan shénme shíhou qù?
-xiàyuè sìhào
+5. Qǐngwèn, jǐntiān xiàwude chēpiào hái yǒu meiyou?
 
-6. Nǐ dǎsuan jǐdiǎn zhōng qù?
-shàngwù shídiǎn
+請問，今天下午的車票還有沒有？
 
-7. Nǐ jìhua jīhào qù? èrshiqī
+Qǐngwèn, jīntiān xiàwǔde chēpiào dōu màiwán le meiyou?
 
-You: Xīngqīèr huòzhě Xīngqīsān, dōu
-kéyi.
+請問，今天下午的車票都賣完了沒有？
 
-(Tuesday and Cor3 Wednesday
-are both possible.)
+6. Qǐngwèn, dào Gāoxióng qùde chēpiào hái yǒu meiyou?
 
-Wùhào huòzhě liùhào, dōu kéyi.
+請問，到高雄去的車票還有沒有？
 
-Wǔyuè huòzhě Liùyuè, dōu kéyi.
+Qǐngwèn, dào Gāoxiong qùde chēpiào dōu màiwán le meiyou?
+
+請問，到高雄去的車票都賣完了沒有？
+
+7. Qǐngwèn, míngtiānde chēpiào hái yǒu meiyou?
+
+請問，明天的車票還有沒有？
+
+Qǐngwèn, míngtiānde chēpiào dōu màiwán le meiyou?
+
+請問，明天的車票都賣完了沒有？
+
+[72]
+
+UNIT 5
+
+REFERENCE LIST
+
+(in Běijīng)
+
+1. A: Wo yě xiǎng dào Nánjīng qù kànkan.
+
+我也想到南京去看看。
+
+I would also like to go to Nánjīng to look around.
+
+B: Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù?
+
+你計劃那天去？
+
+What day do you plan to go?
+
+A: Míngtiān huòshi hòutiān qù dōu kéyi.
+
+明天或是後天去都可以。
+
+Tomorrow and (or) the day after are both possible.
+
+2. A: Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duō yuǎn?
+
+上海離南京有多元。
+
+How far is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?
+
+B: Yǒu liǎngbǎiwǔshiduō gōnglǐ.
+
+有兩百五十多公里。
+
+It’s over 250 kilometers.
+
+3. A: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?
+
+坐火車要走多少時候。
+
+How long does it take to go by train?
+
+B: Dàgài yào zǒu sìge bàn xiǎoshí.
+
+大概要走四個半小時。
+
+It probably takes four and a half hours.
+
+4. C: Yào zǒu bànge xiǎoshí.
+
+要走半個小時。
+
+It takes half an hour.
+
+5. B: Nǐ jìhua zài Nánjīng zhù jǐtiān?
+
+你計劃在南京住幾天？
+
+How many days do you plan to stay in Nánjīng?
+
+A: Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng qù. Yǐqián méi qùguo. Nǐ shuō liǎngtiān gòu bu gou?
+
+這是我第一次到南京去。以前沒去過。你説兩天夠不夠？
+
+This will be the first time I have gone to Nánjīng. I haven’t gone there before. Would you say two days are enough?
+
+B: Liǎngtiān gòu le.
+
+兩天夠了。
+
+Two days are enough.
+
+6. A: Měitiān yǒu jǐtàng chē?
+
+每天有幾趟車？
+
+How many trips are there each day?
+
+A: Xiàwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+
+下午有沒有車？
+
+Are there trains in the afternoon?
+
+A: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.
+
+我希望下午離開這兒。
+
+I hope to leave here in the afternoon.
+
+7. *B: Shísǎndiǎn líng wǔfēn yǒu yìbān tèkuài.
+
+十三點零五分有一班特快。
+
+There’s an express at 1305.
+
+8. **B: Shísǎndiǎn líng wǔfēn yǒu yítàng tèkuài.
+
+十三點零五分有一趟特快。
+
+There’s an express at 1305.
+
+*This exchange occurs on the C-1 tape only.
+
+**This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only.
+
+[73]
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+9. dǎsuan
+
+打算
+
+to plan to
+
+10. huòzhě (huòzhe)
+
+或者
+
+or (alternate form of huòshi)
+
+11. yǐhòu
+
+以後
+
+afterwards, later on, in the future
+
+12. zhōngtóu
+
+鐘頭
+
+hour (alternate word for xiǎoshí)
+
+Gate at Shenzhen, where people get off the train from Hong Kong, walk across a bridge into China (through the gate in photo), and board a train for Guǎngzhōu. Most of the people in the picture are Hong Kong residents on their way to visit relatives in Guǎngzhōu.
+
+[74]
+
+VOCABULARY
+
+bàn
+
+半
+
+half (followed by a counter or a noun which does not take a counter)
+
+-cì
+
+次
+
+occasion, time
+
+dàgài
+
+大概
+
+probably, approximately
+
+dǎsuàn (dǎsuan)
+
+打算
+
+to plan to
+
+dìyícì (dìyícì)
+
+第一次
+
+the first time
+
+-duō
+
+多
+
+over, more than
+
+gōnglǐ
+
+公里
+
+kilometer
+
+gòu
+
+夠
+
+to be enough
+
+huòshi
+
+或是
+
+or
+
+huòzhě (huòzhe)
+
+或者
+
+or
+
+jìhua
+
+計劃
+
+to plan to
+
+kànkan
+
+看看
+
+to see, to look around, to sight-see, to visit
+
+líkǎi
+
+離開
+
+to leave
+
+-tàng
+
+趟
+
+(counter for bus trips, train trips, etc.)
+
+tèkuài
+
+特快
+
+express train
+
+xiǎoshí
+
+小時
+
+hour
+
+xīwàng (xīwang)
+
+希望
+
+to hope
+
+yào
+
+要
+
+must, to have to; to take (a certain amount of time)
+
+yǐhòu
+
+以後
+
+afterwards, later on; in the future
+
+yǐqián
+
+以前
+
+before, in the past
+
+zhōngtóu
+
+鐘頭
+
+hour
+
+(introduced on C-2 tape)
+
+biéde dìfang
+
+別的地方
+
+other places (cf. biěrén, “other people”)
+
+cānguān
+
+參觀
+
+to visit as an observer
+
+duōshao hào
+
+多少號
+
+what size (shoe)
+
+gōngchǎng
+
+工廠
+
+factory
+
+juéding
+
+決定
+
+to decide
+
+yìshuāng píxié
+
+一雙皮鞋
+
+a pair of leather shoes
+
+yòu hǎo yòu piányi
+
+又好又便宜
+
+both good and inexpensive
+
+[75]
+
+REFERENCE NOTES
+
+1. A: Wo yě xiǎng dào Nánjīng qù kànkan.
+
+我也想到南京去看看。
+
+I would also like to go to Nánjīng to look around.
+
+B: Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù?
+
+你計劃那天去？
+
+What day do you plan to go?
+
+A: Míngtiān huòshi hòutiān qù dōu kéyi.
+
+明天或是後天去都可以。
+
+Tomorrow and (or) the day after are both possible.
+
+Notes on No. 1
+
+Kànkan, “to have a look”: In exchange 1, kànkan refers to doing some sight-seeing. The reduplicated verb form implies an indefinite amount of sight-seeing, best translated into English as “to have a look,” “to look around.”
+
+Huòshi (alternate, huòzhě) is used for “or” when both alternatives are acceptable or possible.
+
+Wǒ qù mǎi yìdiǎnr píjiǔ huòshi mǎi yìdiǎnr qìshuǐ.
+
+我去買一點兒啤酒或是後天來看你嗎？
+
+I will go to buy some beer or some soft drinks.
+
+Tā míngtiān huòshi hòutiān lái kàn nǐ ma?
+
+他明天或是後天來看你嗎？
+
+Is he coming to see you tomorrow or the day after? (i.e., sometime during the next two days)
+
+Háishi is used for “or” when a choice is required between the alternatives.
+
+Nǐ mǎi píjiǔ háishi mǎi qìshuī?
+
+你買啤酒還是買汽水？
+
+Are you buying beer or (are you buying) soft drinks?
+
+Nǐ xǐhuan dàde háishi xǐhuan xiǎode?
+
+你喜歡大的還是喜歡小的？
+
+Do you like the large one or (do you like) the small one?
+
+2. A: Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duō yuǎn?
+
+上海離南京有多元。
+
+How far is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?
+
+B: Yǒu liǎngbǎiwǔshiduō gōnglǐ.
+
+有兩百五十多公里。
+
+It’s over 250 kilometers.
+
+Notes on No. 2
+
+Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duo yuǎn? Yǒu is used in expressing the distance between two points.
+
+[76]
+
+Shànghǎi    lí                  Nánjīng   yǒu         duō         yuǎn?
+
+上海        離                   南京      有           多          遠？
+
+(Shànghǎi   be separated from   Nánjīng   there is    how much    distance?)
+
+“How far is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?”
+
+Tianjin      lí                 Běijīng  yǒu         120 gōnglǐ.
+
+天津         離                  北京     有          120 公里。
+
+(Tiānjīn    be separated from   Běijīng  there is    120 kilometers.)
+
+“Tianjin is 120 kilometers from Běijīng.”
+
+Liǎngbǎi wǔshiduō gōnglǐ: Approximate numbers may be expressed by adding -duō to number phrases. When added immediately after a number, before the counter,* -duō refers to an indefinite amount within the range of the round number.
+
+liǎngbǎiduō gōnglǐ
+
+兩百多公里
+
+more than 200 kilometers (but fewer than 300)
+
+yìqiānduōge xuésheng
+
+一千多個學生
+
+more than 1,000 students (but fewer than 2,000)
+
+sānshiduōkuài qián
+
+三十多塊錢
+
+more than 30 dollars (but fewer than 40)
+
+Beginning with 20, -duō may be used in this way with any round number.
+
+With round numbers from 20 through 90, -jǐ may be used instead of -duō.
+
+èrshiduōge rén
+
+二十多個人
+
+èrshijǐge rén
+
+二十幾個人
+
+more than 20 persons (but fewer than 30)
+
+sìshiduō gōnglǐ
+
+四十多公里
+
+sìshijǐ gōnglǐ
+
+四十幾公里
+
+more than 40 kilometers (but fewer than 50)
+
+*Gōnglǐ is one of the nouns used without a counter.
+
+With the number 10, -jǐ only is used, never -duō.
+
+shíjǐkuài qián
+
+十幾塊
+
+more than 10 dollars (but fewer than 20)
+
+[77]
+
+3. A: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?
+
+坐火車要走多少時候。
+
+How long does it take to go by train?
+
+B: Dàgài yào zǒu sìge bàn xiǎoshí.
+
+大概要走四個半小時。
+
+It probably takes four and a half hours.
+
+4. C: Yào zǒu bànge xiǎoshí.
+
+要走半個小時。
+
+It takes half an hour.
+
+Notes on Nos. 3-4
+
+The auxiliary verb yào, “to want,” is sometimes used as “to need to,” “to have to.” (See the first sentence in exchange 3.)
+
+Zuò     huǒchē  yào  zǒu    duōshao shíhou?
+
+坐      火車      要走多      少時候。
+
+(ride   train   have to go  how much    time?)
+
+“How long does it take to go by train?”
+
+Yào may also be used as a main verb meaning “to take [a certain amount of time]”:
+
+Zuò huǒchē  yào duōshao shíhou?
+
+坐      火車      要      少時候。
+
+(ride   train   takes   how much    time?)
+
+“How long does it take by train?”
+
+Bàn-, “a half (of),” is used like a number—before a counter or before a noun which does not require a counter.
+
+bànge xiǎoshí
+
+半個小時
+
+half an hour
+
+bànniǎn
+
+半年
+
+half a year
+
+bànge píngguǒ
+
+半個蘋果
+
+half an apple
+
+Sìge bàn: When bàn FOLLOWS a counter or a noun not requiring a counter, the word is translated as “and a half.”
+
+liǎngkuài bàn
+
+兩塊半
+
+two and a half dollars
+
+sāntiān bàn
+
+三天半
+
+three and a half days
+
+yíge bàn xiǎoshí
+
+一個半小時
+
+one and a half hours
+
+Xiǎoshí: Formerly, the Chinese considered that one day and night (24 hours) was divided into twelve 2-hour periods of time. Each of these time periods was divided into two xiǎoshí, “small hours,” when telling time by the Western 24-hour system gained popularity throughout the world.
+
+5. B: Nǐ jìhua zài Nánjīng zhù jǐtiān?
+
+你計劃在南京住幾天？
+
+How many days do you plan to stay in Nánjīng?
+
+A: Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng qù. Yǐqián méi qùguo. Nǐ shuō liǎngtiān gòu bu gou?
+
+這是我第一次到南京去。以前沒去過。你説兩天夠不夠？
+
+This will be the first time I have gone to Nánjīng. I haven’t gone there before. Would you say two days are enough?
+
+B: Liǎngtiān gòu le.
+
+兩天夠了。
+
+Two days are enough.
+
+Note on No. 5
+
+Gòu le: The last sentence in exchange 5 ends with the new-situation marker le. This marker is used to describe what a situation is, was, or will be AT A SPECIFIED TIME. The travel agent says that, when the visit has lasted two days, THEN it will be long enough.
+
+6. A: Měitiān yǒu jǐtàng chē?
+
+每天有幾趟車？
+
+How many trains are there each day?
+
+A: Xiàwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+
+下午有沒有車？
+
+Are there trains in the afternoon?
+
+A: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.
+
+我希望下午離開這兒。
+
+I hope to leave here in the afternoon.
+
+Notes on No. 6
+
+Jǐtàng: The counter -tàng is used when the trip mentioned is not a particular one, scheduled at a certain time. Similarly, it can also be used to talk about the number of trips a person has made, or will make.
+
+Líkāi, “to leave,” may be followed by an object (the place). On the other hand, zǒu, “to leave,” is never followed by an object.
+
+Nǐ shénme shíhou líkāi zhèr?
+
+你什麽時候離開這兒？
+
+When are you leaving here?
+
+Nǐ shénme shíhou zǒu?
+
+你什麽時候走？
+
+When are you leaving?
+
+[79]
+
+7. B: Shísǎndiǎn líng wǔfēn yǒu yìbān tèkuài.
+
+十三點零五分有一班特快。
+
+There’s an express at 1305.
+
+8. B: Shísǎndiǎn líng wǔfēn yǒu yítàng tèkuài.
+
+十三點零五分有一趟特快。
+
+There’s an express at 1305.
+
+Notes on Nos. 7-8
+
+Shísāndiǎn líng wǔfēn: For train and bus schedules, a 24-hour clock is commonly used in China, beginning with 1 a.m. and continuing to mid- night, or 2400.
+
+12-hour clock 24-hour clock
+
+zǎoshàng shídiǎn
+
+早上十點
+
+10  a.m.
+
+shídiǎn
+
+十點
+
+1000
+
+xiàwǔ yìdiān
+
+下午一點
+
+1 p.m.
+
+shísāndiǎn
+
+十三點
+
+1300
+
+xiàwǔ wǔdiǎn
+
+下午五點
+
+5 p.m.
+
+shìqīdiǎn
+
+十七點
+
+1700
+
+wǎnshàng shídiǎn
+
+晚上十點
+
+10 p.m.
+
+èrshièrdiǎn
+
+二十二點
+
+2200
+
+Líng is included to indicate the zero in “1305.”
+
+Tèkuài is an abbreviation for tèbié kuàichē, “special express train.”
+
+Yìbān and yítàng, counters for trips made by trains, buses, planes, and other conveyances, are sometimes interchangeable.
+
+[80]
+
+DRILLS
+
+A.  Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Wǒ dǎsuan dào Nánjīng qù kànkan.
+
+我打算到南京去看看。
+
+(I’m planning to go to Nánjīng to look around.)
+
+(cue) něitiān
+
+哪天
+
+You: Nǐ dǎsuan něitiān qù?
+
+你打算哪天去
+
+(What day do yǒu plan to go?)
+
+2. Wǒ xiǎng dào Xīān qù kànkan.
+
+我想到西安去看看。
+
+jǐyuè
+
+幾月
+
+Nǐ xiǎng jǐyuè qù?
+
+你想幾月去？
+
+3. Wǒ jìhua dào Húběi qù kànkan.
+
+我計劃到湖北去看看。
+
+xīngqījǐ
+
+星期幾
+
+Nǐ jìhua xīngqījǐ qù?
+
+你想星期幾去？
+
+4. Wǒ dǎsuan dào Shànghǎi qù kànkan.
+
+我打算到上海去看看。
+
+ jǐhào
+
+幾號
+
+Nǐ dǎsuan jǐhào qù?
+
+你打算幾號去？
+
+5. Wǒ jìhua dào Sūzhōu qù kànkan.
+
+我計劃到蘇州去看看。
+
+jǐyuè
+
+幾月
+
+Nǐ jìhua jǐyuè qù?
+
+你計劃jǐyuè去？
+
+6. Wǒ xiǎng dào Běijīng qù kànkan.
+
+我想到北京去看看。
+
+něitiān
+
+哪天
+
+Nǐ xiǎng něitiān qù?
+
+我想哪天去？
+
+7. Wǒ dǎsuan dào Wǔchāng qù kànkan.
+
+我打算到武昌去看看。
+
+xīngqījǐ
+
+星期幾
+
+Nǐ dǎsuan xīngqījǐ qù?
+
+你打算星期幾去。
+
+B. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker： Nǐ dǎsuan shénme shíhou dào Nánjīng qù?
+
+你打算什麽時候到南京去？
+
+(When are you planning to go to Nánjīng?)
+
+(cue) xiàge yuè
+
+下個月
+
+You: Wǒ dǎsuan xiàge yuè dào Nánjīng qu kànkan.
+
+我打算下個月到南京去看看。
+
+(I’m planning to go to see Nánjīng next month.)
+
+2. Nǐ jìhua jǐyuè dào Shànghǎi qù?
+
+你計劃幾月到上海去？
+
+Liùyuè
+
+六月
+
+Wǒ jìhua Liùyuè dào Shànghǎi qu kànkan.
+
+我計劃六月到上海去看看。
+
+3. Nǐ xiǎng něitiān dào Guǎngzhōu qù?
+
+你想哪天到廣州去？
+
+hòutiān
+
+後天
+
+Wǒ xiǎng hòutiān dào Guǎngzhōu qu kànkan.
+
+我想後天到廣州去看看。
+
+[81]
+
+4. Nǐ dǎsuan něinián dào Zhōngguo qù?
+
+你打算哪年到中國去？
+
+míngnián
+
+明年
+
+Wǒ dǎsuan míngnián dào Zhōngguo qu kànkan.
+
+我打算明年到中國去看看。
+
+5. Nǐ jìhua jǐyuè dào Xiānggǎng qù?
+
+你計劃幾月到香港去？
+
+Èryuè
+
+二月
+
+Wǒ jìhua Èryuè dào Xiānggǎng qu kànkan.
+
+我計劃二月到香港去看看。
+
+6. Nǐ xiǎng xīngqījǐ dào Běijīng qù?
+
+你想星期幾到北京去。
+
+Xīngqīsān
+
+星期三
+
+Wǒ xiǎng Xīngqīsān dào Běijīng qu kànkan.
+
+我想星期三到北京去看看。
+
+7. Nǐ dǎsuan jǐdiǎn zhōng dào tā nèr qù?
+
+你打算幾點鐘到他那兒去？
+
+sāndiǎn zhōng
+
+三點鐘
+
+Wǒ dǎsuan sāndiǎn zhōng dào tā nèr qu kànkan.
+
+我打算三點鐘到他那兒去看看。
+
+C. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù?
+
+你計劃哪天去？
+
+(What day do you plan to go?)
+
+(cue) Xīngqīèr
+
+星期二
+
+You: Xīngqīèr huòzhě Xīngqīsān, dōu kéyi.
+
+星期二或者星期三，都可以。
+
+(Tuesday and [or] Wednesday are both possible.)
+
+2. Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù?
+
+你計劃哪天去？
+
+wǔhào
+
+五號
+
+Wǔhào huòzhě liùhào, dōu kéyi.
+
+五號或者六號，都可以。
+
+3. Nǐ xiǎng jǐyuè qù?
+
+你想幾月去？
+
+Wǔyuè
+
+五月
+
+Wǔyuè huòzhě Liùyuè, dōu kéyi.
+
+五月或者六月，都可以。
+
+4. Nǐ xiǎng něinián qù?
+
+你想哪年去？
+
+1977
 
 Yījiǔqīqī huòzhě Yījiǔqībā, dōu kéyi.
 
-Xiàyuè sìhào huòzhě xiàyuè •wùhào,
-dōu kéyi.
+一九七七或者一九七八，都可以。
+
+5. Nǐ dǎsuan shénme shíhou qù?
+
+你打算什麽時候去？
+
+xiàyuè sìhào
+
+下月四號
+
+Xiàyuè sìhào huòzhě xiàyuè wǔhào, dōu kéyi.
+
+下月四號或者下月五號，都可以。
+
+6. Nǐ dǎsuan jǐdiǎn zhōng qù?
+
+你打算幾點鐘去？
+
+shàngwù shídiǎn
+
+上午十點
+
+Shàngwù shídiǎn huòzhě shàngwù shíyīdiǎn, dōu kéyi.
+
+上午十點或者上午十一點，都可以。
+
+7. Nǐ jìhua jǐhào qù?
+
+你計劃幾號去？
+
+èrshiqī
+
+二十七
+
+Èrshiqíhào huòzhě èrshibáhào, dōu kéyi.
+
+二十七號或者二十八號，都可以。
+
+[82]
+
+D. Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker： Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yuǎn ma?
+
+上海離南京遠嗎？
+
+(Is Shànghǎi far from Nánjīng?)
+
+(cue) duó
+
+多
+
+You： Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duó yuǎn?
+
+上海離南京有多遠？
+
+(How far is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?)
+
+OR Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yuǎn ma?
+
+上海離南京遠嗎？
+
+(Is Shànghǎi far from Nánjīng?)
+
+(cue) duōshao
+
+多少
+
+Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duōshao gōnglǐ?
+
+上海離南京有多少公里？
+
+(How many kilometers is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?)
+
+2. Běijīng lí Tiānjīn yuǎn ma?
+
+北京離天津遠嗎？
+
+duó
+
+多
+
+Běijīng lí Tiānjīn yǒu duó yuan?
+
+北京離天津有多遠？
+
+3. Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yuǎn ma?
+
+北京離上海遠嗎？
+
+duōshao
+
+多少
+
+Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu duōshao gōnglǐ?
+
+北京離上海有多少公里？
+
+4. Nánjīng lí Běijīng yuǎn ma?
+
+南京離北京遠嗎？
+
+duōshao
+
+多少
+
+Nánjīng lí Běijīng yǒu duōshao gōnglǐ?
+
+南京離北京有多少公里？
+
+5. Guǎngzhōu lí Wǔhàn yuǎn ma?
+
+廣州離武漢遠嗎？
+
+duó
+
+多
+
+Guǎngzhōu lí Wǔhàn yǒu duó yuan?
+
+廣州離武漢多遠？
+
+6. Shànghǎi lí Hángzhōu yuǎn ma?
+
+上海離杭州遠嗎？
+
+duōshao
+
+多少
+
+Shànghǎi lí Hángzhōu yǒu duōshao gōnglǐ?
+
+上海離杭州有多少公里？
+
+E. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker： Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duó yuǎn?
+
+上海離南京有多遠？
+
+(How far is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?)
+
+(cue ) dàgài 270
+
+大概 270
+
+You: Dàgài yǒu èrbǎiqīshí gōnglǐ.
+
+大概有二百七十公里。
+
+(it’s probably 270 kilometers.)
+
+OR Tiānjīn lí Běijīng yǒu duó yuǎn?
+
+天津離北京有多遠？
+
+(How far is Tiānjīn from Běijīng?)
+
+(cue) 80 duō
+
+80 多
+
+Dàgài lí Běijīng yǒu bàshíduō gōnglǐ.
+
+大概離北京有八十多公里。
+
+(It’s probably more than 80 kilometers.)
+
+2. Běijīng lí Hángzhōu yǒu duó yuǎn?
+
+北京離杭州有多遠？
+
+900 duō
+
+900 多
+
+Dàgài lí Hángzhōu yǒu jiubǎiduō gōnglǐ.
+
+大概離杭州有九百多公里。
+
+[83]
+
+3. Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu duó yuǎn?
+
+北京離上海有多遠？
+
+dàgài 800
+
+大概 800
+
+Dàgài yǒu bābǎi gōnglǐ.
+
+大概有八百公里。
+
+4. Nánjīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu duó yuǎn?
+
+南京離上海有多遠？
+
+dàgài 200
+
+大概二百
+
+Dàgài yǒu èrbǎi gōnglǐ.
+
+大概有二百公里。
+
+5. Wǔhàn lí Běijīng yǒu duó yuǎn?
+
+武漢離北京有多遠？
+
+700 duō
+
+700 多
+
+Dàgài lí Běijīng yǒu qībǎiduō gōnglǐ.
+
+大概離北京有七百多公里。
+
+6. Hángzhōu lí Shànghǎi yǒu duó yuǎn?
+
+杭州離上海有多遠？
+
+170 duǒ
+
+170 多
+
+Dàgài lí Shànghǎi yǒu yībǎiqīshíduō gōnglǐ.
+
+大概離上海有一百七十多公里。
+
+F. Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu sānbǎi gōnglǐ.
+
+上海離南京有三百公里。
+
+(Shànghǎi is 300 kilometers from Nánjīng.)
+
+(cue) méi
+
+沒
+
+You: Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng méiyou sānbǎi gōnglǐ.
+
+上海離南京沒有三百公里。
+
+(Shànghǎi isn’t [is less than] 300 kilometers from Nánjīng.)
+
+OR Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu sānbǎi gōnglǐ.
+
+上海離南京有三百公里。
+
+(Shànghǎi is 300 kilometers from Běijīng.)
+
+(cue) dàgài
+
+大概
+
+Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng dàgài yǒu sānbǎi gōnglǐ.
+
+上海離南京大概有三百公里。
+
+(Shànghǎi is probably 300 kilometers from Běijīng.)
+
+OR Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu sānbǎi gōnglǐ.
+
+上海離南京有三百公里。
+
+(Shànghǎi is 300 kilometers from Běijīng.)
+
+(cue) duō
+
+多
+
+Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu sānbǎiduō gōnglǐ.
+
+上海離南京有三百多公里。
+
+(Shànghǎi is more than 300 kilometers from Běijīng.)
+
+2. Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu yìqiān gōnglǐ.
+
+北京離上海有一千公里。
+
+méi
+
+沒
+
+Běijīng lí Shànghǎi méiyou yìqiān gōnglǐ.
+
+北京離上海沒有一千公里。
+
+3. Wǔhàn lí Běijīng yǒu bābǎi gōnglǐ.
+
+武漢離北京有八百公里。
+
+dàgài
+
+大概
+
+Wǔhàn lí Běijīng dàgài yǒu bābǎi gōnglǐ.
+
+武漢離北京大概有八百公里。
+
+4. Nánjīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu èrbǎi gōnglǐ.
+
+南京離上海有二百公里。
+
+duō
+
+多
+
+Nánjīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu èrbǎiduō gōnglǐ.
+
+南京離上海有二百多公里。
+
+5. Hángzhōu lí Shànghǎi yǒu yìbǎi gōnglǐ.
+
+杭州離上海有一百公里。
+
+duō
+
+多
+
+Hángzhōu lí Shànghǎi yǒu yìbǎiduō gōnglǐ.
+
+杭州離上海有一百多公里。
+
+[84]
+
+G. Substitution Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jǐge zhōngtóu?
+
+坐火車要走幾個鐘頭？
+
+(How many hours does it take by train?)
+
+(cue) duó jiǔ
+
+多久
+
+You: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duó jiǔ?
+
+坐火車要走多久？
+
+(How long does it take by train?)
+
+2. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duó jiǔ?
+
+坐火車要走多久？
+
+duōshao shíhou
+
+多少時候
+
+Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?
+
+坐火車要走多少時候？
+
+3. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?
+
+坐火車要走多少時候？
+
+jǐtiān
+
+幾天
+
+Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jǐtiān?
+
+坐火車要走幾天？
+
+4. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jǐtiān?
+
+坐火車要走幾天？
+
+jǐge xīngqī
+
+幾個星期
+
+Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jǐge xīngqī?
+
+坐火車要走幾個星期？
+
+5. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jǐge xīngqī?
+
+坐火車要走幾個星期？
+
+jǐge xiǎoshí
+
+幾個小時
+
+Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jǐge xiǎoshí?
+
+坐火車要走幾個小時？
+
+6. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jǐge xiaoshí?
+
+坐火車要走幾個小時？
+
+duōshao tiān
+
+多少天
+
+Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao tiān?
+
+坐火車要走多少天？
+
+7. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao tiān?
+
+坐火車要走多少天？
+
+H. Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Yào zǒu bànge zhōngtóu.
+
+要走半個鐘頭。
+
+(It takes half an hour.)
+
+(cue) 1
+
+ You: Yào zǒu yíge bàn zhōngtóu.
+
+要走一個半鐘頭。
+
+(It takes an hour and a half.)
+
+OR Yào zǒu bàntiān.
+
+要走半天。
+
+(it takes half a day.)
+
+(cue) 3
+
+Yào zǒu sāntiān bàn.
+
+要走三天半。
+
+(it takes three and a half days.
+
+2. Yào zǒu bànge yuè.
+
+要走半個月。
+
+2
+
+Yào zǒu liāngge bàn yuè.
+
+要走兩個半月。
+
+3. Yào zǒu bànge xīngqī.
+
+要走半個星期。
+
+1
+
+Yào zǒu yíge bàn xīngqī.
+
+要走一個半星期
+
+4. Yào zou bànnián.
+
+要走半年。
+
+1
+
+Yào zǒu yìnián bàn.
+
+要走一年半。
+
+5. Yào zǒu bànge zhōngtóu.
+
+要走半個鐘頭。
+
+4
+
+Yào zǒu sìge bàn zhōngtóu.
+
+要走四個半鐘頭。
+
+6. Yào zǒu bànge yuè.
+
+要走半個月。
+
+1
+
+Yào zǒu yíge bàn yuè.
+
+要走一個半月。
+
+[85]
+
+I. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker： Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng qù.
+
+這是我第一次到南京去。
+
+(This will be the first time I have gone to Nánjīng.)
+
+(cue) yǐhòu
+
+以後
+
+You： Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng qù. Yǐhòu hái yào qù.
+
+這是我第一次到南京去。以後還要去。
+
+(This will be the first time I have gone to Nánjīng. Later on I want to go again.)
+
+OR Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng qù.
+
+這是我第一次到南京去。
+
+(This will be the first time I have gone to Nánjīng.)
+
+(cue) yǐqián
+
+以前
+
+Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng qù. Yǐqián méi qùguo.
+
+這是我第一次到南京去。以前沒去過。
+
+(This will be the first time I have gone to Nánjīng. I haven’t gone there before.)
+
+2. Zhèi shi tā dìyīcì xué Zhōngguo huà.
+
+這是他第一次學中國話。
+
+yǐhòu
+
+以後
+
+Zhè shi tā dìyīcì xué Zhōngguo huà. Yǐhòu hái yào xué.
+
+這是他第一次學中國話。以後還要學。
+
+3. Zhèi shi tā dìyīcì chī Zhōngguo fàn.
+
+這是他第一次吃中國飯。
+
+yǐqián
+
+以前
+
+Zhè shi tā dìyīcì chī Zhōngguo fàn. Yǐqián méi chīguo.
+
+這是他第一次吃中國飯。以前沒吃過。
+
+4. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái.
+
+這是我第一次到這兒來。
+
+yǐhòu
+
+以後
+
+Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái. Yǐhòu hái yào lái.
+
+這是我第一次到這兒來。以後還要來。
+
+5. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái.
+
+這是我第一次到這兒來。
+
+yǐqián
+
+以前
+
+Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái. Yǐqián méi láiguo.
+
+這是我第一次到這兒來。以前沒來過。
+
+6. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Měiguo qù.
+
+這是我第一次到美國去。
+
+yǐqián
+
+以前
+
+Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Měiguo qù. Yǐqián méi qùguo.
+
+這是我第一次到美國去。以前沒去過。
+
+J. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Nǐ shuō lái liǎngtiān gòu bu gou?
+
+你説來兩天夠不夠？
+
+(Would you say it would be enough to come for two days?)
+
+You： Lái liǎngtiān gòu le.
+
+來兩天夠了。
+
+(it would be enough to come for two days.)
+
+2. Nǐ shuō qù liǎngtiān gòu bu gou?
+
+你説去兩天夠不夠？
+
+Qù liǎngtiān gòu le.
+
+説去兩天夠了。
+
+3. Nǐ shuō xué liǎngniánde Zhōngwén gòu bu gou?
+
+你説學兩年的中文夠不夠？
+
+Xué liǎngniánde Zhōngwén gòu le.
+
+學兩年的中文夠了。
+
+4. Nǐ shuō zhù sānge yuè gòu bu gou?
+
+你説住三個月夠不夠？
+
+Zhù sānge yuè gòu le.
+
+住三個月夠了。
+
+[86]
+
+5. Nǐ shuō niàn jiǔge xīngqī gòu hu gou?
+
+你説念九個星期夠不夠？
+
+Niàn jiǔge xīngqī gòu le.
+
+念九個星期夠了。
+
+6. Nǐ shuō dào nèr qù wánr shítiān gòu bu gou?
+
+你説到那兒去玩兒十天夠不夠？
+
+Wánr shítiān gòu le.
+
+玩兒十天夠了。
+
+7. Nǐ shuō zǒu yíge zhōngtóu gòu bu gou?
+
+你説走一個鐘頭夠不夠？
+
+Zǒu yíge zhōngtóu gòu le.
+
+走一個鐘頭夠了。
+
+K. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.
+
+我希望下午離開這兒。
+
+(I hope to leave here in the afternoon.)
+
+(cue) Xiàwǔ yǒu jǐtàng chē?
+
+下午有幾趟車？
+
+ You: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr. Xiàwǔ yǒu jǐtàng chē?
+
+我希望下午離開這兒。下午有幾趟車？
+
+(I hope to leave here in the afternoon. How many trains are there in the afternoon?)
+
+2. Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkái zhèr.
+
+我希望下午離開這兒.
+
+Xiàwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+
+下午有沒有車？
+
+Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr. Xiàwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+
+我希望下午離開這兒.下午有沒有車？
+
+3. Wǒ xīwang wǎnshang líkāi zhèr.
+
+我希望晚上離開這兒。
+
+Wǎnshang yǒu jǐtàng chē?
+
+晚上有幾趟車？
+
+Wǒ xīwang wǎnshang líkāi zhèr. Wǎnshang yǒu jǐtàng chē?
+
+我希望晚上離開這兒。晚上有幾趟車？
+
+4. Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīsān líkāi zhèr.
+
+我希望星期三離開這兒。
+
+Xīngqīsān yǒu jǐtàng chē?
+
+星期三有幾趟車？
+
+Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīsān líkāi zhèr. Xīngqīsān yǒu jǐtàng chē?
+
+我希望星期三離開這兒。星期三有幾趟車？
+
+5. Wǒ xīwang míngtiān líkāi zhèr. Míngtiān yǒu jǐtàng chē?
+
+我希望明天離開這兒。
+
+Míngtiān yǒu jǐtàng chē?
+
+明天有幾趟車？
+
+Wǒ xīwang míngtiān líkāi zhèr. Míngtiān yǒu jǐtàng chē?
+
+我希望明天離開這兒。明天有幾趟車？
+
+6. Wǒ xīwang jīntiān shàngwǔ líkāi zhèr. Shàngwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+
+我希望離今天上午開這兒。
+
+Shàngwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+
+上午有沒有車？
+
+Wǒ xīwang jīntiān shàngwǔ líkāi zhèr. Shàngwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+
+我希望離今天上午開這兒。上午有沒有車？
+
+7. Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīwǔ líkāi zhèr.
+
+我希望星期五離開這兒。
+
+Xīngqīwǔ yǒu jǐtàng chē?
+
+星期五有幾趟車？
+
+Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīwǔ líkāi zhèr. Xīngqīwǔ yǒu jǐtàng chē?
+
+我希望星期五離開這兒。星期五有幾趟車？
+
+[87]
+
+UNIT 6
+
+REFERENCE LIST
+
+(in Běijīng)
+
+1. A: Jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+幾點鐘開？
+
+What time does it leave?
+
+B: Shíbādiǎn wǔshiwǔfēn fā chē.
+
+十八點五十五分發車。
+
+It departs at 1855.
+
+A: Nà hǎo.
+
+那好。
+
+That’s fine.
+
+2. B: Qǐng ni bǎ nǐde hùzhào hé lǚxíngzhèng gěi wo.
+
+請你把你的護照和旅行證給我。
+
+Please give me your passport and travel permit.
+
+A: Hǎo, gěi ni.
+
+好，給你。
+
+Okay, here it is.
+
+3. A: Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài dìjǐ zhàntái?
+
+到上海去的車在第幾站臺？
+
+On which platform is the train to Shànghǎi?
+
+B: Zài dìyī zhàntái.
+
+在第一站臺。
+
+It’s on Platform Number 1.
+
+4. B: Bú yòng jí. Hái zǎo ne.
+
+不用急。還早呢。
+
+No need to be anxious. It’s still early.
+
+B: Nǐ xiān zài zhèige jiēdàishì xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+你先在這個接待室休息休息。
+
+First, rest a bit in this waiting room.
+
+5. A: Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli zěnme bàn? Shì bu shi kéyi náshang chē qu?
+
+我這件行李怎麽辦？是不是可以拿上車去？
+
+What should I do about this suitcase of mine? May I take it onto the train?
+
+B: Kéyi bǎ xíngli náshang chē qu.
+
+可以把行李拿上車去。
+
+You may take the suitcase onto the train.
+
+6. A: Zhèibān chē yǒu cānchē ba?
+
+這班車有餐車吧？
+
+This train has a dining car, I suppose?
+
+B: Yǒu. Yǒu Zhōngcān, yě yǒu Xīcān.
+
+有。有中餐，也有西餐。
+
+Yes. There’s Chinese food and there’s also Western food.
+
+A: Hǎojíle.
+
+好極了。
+
+Great.
+
+7. C: Xià yízhàn jiù shi Shànghǎi le.
+
+下一站就是上海了。
+
+The next station is Shànghǎi.
+
+C: Kuài yào dào zhàn le.
+
+快要到站了。
+
+We are about to arrive at the station.
+
+C: Nín zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+您準備下車了。
+
+Please get ready to get off the train.
+
+[88]
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+8. bān
+
+搬
+
+to move
+
+9. náshangqu
+
+拿上去
+
+to take up
+
+náshanglai
+
+拿上來
+
+to bring up
+
+náxiaqu
+
+拿下去
+
+to take down
+
+náxialai
+
+拿下來
+
+to bring down
+
+10. pǎo
+
+跑
+
+to run
+
+11. wǎn
+
+晚
+
+to be late
+
+12. yuètái
+
+月臺
+
+train platform (alternate word for zhàntái. more common in Taiwan)
+
+[89]
+
+VOCABULARY
+
+bān
+
+搬
+
+to move (e.g., furniture) (new house)
+
+bàn
+
+辦
+
+to handle, to manage, to do
+
+cānchē
+
+餐車
+
+dining car
+
+fā chē
+
+發車
+
+to depart (from the first terminal of a train route)
+
+hǎojíle
+
+好極了
+
+to be wonderful, to be great
+
+hé
+
+和
+
+and
+
+hùzhào
+
+護照
+
+passport
+
+jí
+
+急
+
+to be anxious
+
+jiēdàishì (jiēdàishī)
+
+接待室
+
+waiting room
+
+-jíle
+
+極了
+
+extremely, awfully
+
+kāi
+
+開
+
+to leave
+
+kuài
+
+快
+
+soon
+
+lǚxíngzhèng
+
+旅行證
+
+travel permit
+
+ná
+
+拿
+
+to pick up, to hold, to take
+
+náshanglai
+
+拿上來
+
+to bring up
+
+náshangqu
+
+拿上去
+
+to take up
+
+náxialai
+
+拿下來
+
+to bring down
+
+náxiaqu
+
+拿下去
+
+to take down
+
+pǎo
+
+跑
+
+to run
+
+wǎn
+
+晚
+
+to be late
+
+Xīcān
+
+西餐
+
+Western food
+
+xiūxi
+
+休息
+
+to rest, to relax
+
+yào
+
+要
+
+will, going to
+
+yuètái
+
+月臺
+
+train platform
+
+zǎo
+
+早
+
+to be early
+
+zhàntái
+
+站臺
+
+train platform
+
+Zhōngcān
+
+中餐
+
+Chinese food
+
+zhǔnbèi
+
+準備
+
+to prepare, to get ready
+
+[90]
+
+(introduced on C-2 tape)
+
+bāng
+
+幫
+
+to help
+
+bú yào
+
+不要
+
+don’t
+
+láilai-wǎngwǎng
+
+來來往往
+
+coming and going
+
+qǐdiǎnzhàn
+
+起點站
+
+station where a train originates (literally, “starting station”)
+
+shūfu
+
+舒服
+
+to be comfortable
+
+Train from Guǎngzhōu at the entrance to China
+
+[91]
+
+REFERENCE NOTES
+
+1. A: Jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+幾點鐘開？
+
+What time does it leave?
+
+B: Shíbādiǎn wǔshiwǔfēn fā chē.
+
+十八點五十五分發車。
+
+It departs at 1855.
+
+A: Nà hǎo.
+
+那好。
+
+That’s fine.
+
+Note on No. 1
+
+Kāi and fā chē: When referring to trains, the verb kāi, “to start,” means “to start off” or “to leave.” The technical term fā chē, “to send out the train,” is used in reference to a train which is departing from the terminal at the beginning of a trip, or line.
+
+2. B: Qǐng ni bǎ nǐde hùzhào hé lǚxíngzhèng gěi wo.
+
+請你把你的護照和旅行證給我。
+
+Please give me your passport and travel permit.
+
+A: Hǎo, gěi ni.
+
+好，給你。
+
+Okay, here it is.
+
+Notes on No. 2
+
+Hé, “and,” is a common alternate to gēn. Both hé and gēn are used as
+“and” between nouns.
+
+Bǎ nǐde hùzhào...: The prepositional verb bǎ points out the direct objects (passport and travel permit) and brings those objects to the beginning of the sentence, preceding the main verb. Without this construction, a “traffic jam” of sentence elements would follow that verb.
+
+3. A: Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài dìjǐ zhàntái?
+
+到上海去的車在第幾站臺？
+
+On which platform is the train to Shànghǎi?
+
+B: Zài dìyī zhàntái.
+
+在第一站臺。
+
+It’s on Platform Number 1.
+
+[92]
+
+4. B: Bú yòng jí. Hái zǎo ne.
+
+不用急。還早呢。
+
+No need to be anxious. It’s still early.
+
+B: Nǐ xiān zài zhèige jiēdàishì xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+你先在這個接待室休息休息。
+
+First, rest a bit in this waiting room.
+
+Notes on No. 4
+
+In exchange 4, the aspect marker ne emphasizes that there has been no change in the situation.
+
+Tā zài zhèr ne.
+
+他在這兒呢。
+
+He is here.
+
+When the adverb hái, “still,” “yet,” is used, the sentence very often ends with the marker ne.
+
+Míngtiān wǒ hái bù zǒu ne.
+
+明天我還不走呢。
+
+I am not leaving tomorrow (yet), (i.e., I will still be here tomorrow.)
+
+Verb reduplication: In Unit 3 of the Money Module, you learned that reduplication is one way to indicate ASPECT, although markers are more common. INDEFINITENESS is the aspect expressed when an action verb is reduplicated. The speaker does not commit himself to the duration or extent of the action.
+
+In the last sentence of No. the speaker asks the listener to “rest a bit.” Instead of using additional words to indicate a short duration, the speaker reduplicates the verb, xiūxi, expressing some duration, but of no particular limit.
+
+To reduplicate a two-syllable verb, simply repeat the whole verb. The repetition is unstressed, or even toneless: xiūxi xiuxi
+
+Xiān: Since this use of “first” is not followed by an explicit “afterwards,” xiān might also be translated as “for the time being” or “right now.”
+
+Wǒ xiān zǒu le, nǐmen mànmānr chī ba.
+
+我先走了，你們慢慢兒吃吧。
+
+Right now I’m going to excuse myself; you take your time eating.
+
+Nǐ xiān bié jí, mànmānr zhǎo.
+
+你先別急，慢慢兒找。
+
+For the time being, don’t be anxious; take your time looking for it.
+
+[93]
+
+5. A: Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli zěnme bàn? Shì bu shi kéyi náshang chē qu?
+
+我這件行李怎麽辦？是不是可以拿上車去？
+
+What should I do about this suitcase of mine? May I take it onto the train?
+
+B: Kéyi bǎ xíngli náshang chē qu.
+
+可以把行李拿上車去。
+
+You may take the suitcase onto the train.
+
+Notes on No. 5
+
+Zěnme bàn means something like “how should [something] be managed” or “what should be done [about something].”
+
+Náshang chē qu, “take onto the train,” is a COMPOUND VERB OF DIRECTION which has been separated by a noun object. Ná is the verb “to pick up,” “to hold,” “to take,” “to bring.” The directional endings -shàng, “up,” “onto,”* and qù, “to go,” tell you that the action takes place up and away from the speaker.
+
+*You have seen shàng used as several different parts of speech:
+
+shàng lóu
+
+上樓
+
+to go up (FULL verb)
+
+shàng chē
+
+上車
+
+to get on (FULL verb)
+
+shàngbianr
+
+上邊兒
+
+upper, above (IN PLACE WORDS)
+
+shàngge yuè
+
+上個月
+
+last, previously (SPECIFIER)
+
+zài chēshang
+
+在車上
+
+on (LOCATIONAL ENDING [with nouns])
+
+náshangqu
+
+拿上去
+
+up, onto (DIRECTIONAL ENDING [with verbs])
+
+ná      shang   qu
+
+拿      上       去
+
+(hold   up/onto away)
+
+“to take up/onto”
+
+Compound verbs of direction are easily formed, as shown in the chart below. The first column contains action verbs you have learned which may be used. The endings in the middle column are relatively few. For the second part of the directional ending, only lái and qù may be used.
+
+ACTION            Plus                 DIRECTION
+
+ná (to carry)     -shàng  (up)         lái (towards)
+
+拿                 上                   來
+
+zǒu (to walk/go)  -xià    (down)       qù (away)
+
+走                 下                   去
+
+bān (to move)     -chū    (out)
+
+搬                 出
+
+pǎo (to run)      -jìn    (in)
+
+跑                 進
+
+kāi (to drive)    -huí    (back)
+
+開                 回
+
+(AND OTHERS)
+
+Compound verbs of direction may be two or three syllables: chūqu, “to go out”; zǒuchuqu, “to walk out”
+
+[94]
+
+It is possible to split up a two-part directional ending by placing an object or location before the final lái or qù.
+
+náshang chē qu
+
+拿上車去
+
+take onto the train/bus
+
+náchu yìběn shū lai
+
+拿出一本書來
+
+bring out a book
+
+xià lóu qu
+
+下樓去
+
+go downstairs
+
+A direct object (such as nèiběn shū) may be placed EITHER at the beginning of a sentence, using bǎ, OR later in the sentence, splitting up the directional ending. Locations which are the goal of the action (such as chē and lóu above) MUST be placed between the two parts of the directional ending.
+
+Bǎ xíngli náshang chē qu: In the last sentence of exchange 5, the direct object, xíngli, is placed before the verb. The location of the action, chē, is placed before the final qu. When both a location and a direct object occur in a sentence with a multisyllabic directional verb, the location is placed between the two syllables of the directional ending, and the direct object is moved closer to the beginning of the sentence.
+
+6. A: Zhèibān chē yǒu cānchē ba?
+
+這班車有餐車吧？
+
+This train has a dining car, I suppose?
+
+B: Yǒu. Yǒu Zhōngcān, yě yǒu Xīcān.
+
+有。有中餐，也有西餐。
+
+Yes. There’s Chinese food and there’s also Western food.
+
+A: Hǎojíle.
+
+好極了。
+
+Great.
+
+Note on No. 6
+
+The ending -jíle, meaning “extremely,” “awfully,” may be added to adjectival verbs.
+
+Nèige píngguo dàjíle.
+
+那個蘋果大幾了。
+
+That apple is huge.
+
+Zuò huǒchē fāngbianjíle.
+
+坐火車方便極了。
+
+Riding the train is extremely convenient.
+
+Tā zǒude kuàijíle.
+
+他走得快極了。
+
+He walks awfully fast.
+
+-jíle is seldom used in Taiwan.
+
+[95]
+
+7. C: Xià yízhàn jiù shi Shànghǎi le.
+
+下一站就是上海了。
+
+The next station is Shànghǎi.
+
+C: Kuài yào dào zhàn le.
+
+快要到站了。
+
+We are about to arrive at the station.
+
+C: Nín zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+您準備下車了。
+
+Please get ready to get off the train.
+
+Notes on No. 7
+
+Kuài means “soon” in the second sentence of exchange 7. You have already learned another meaning for kuài: “to be fast”
+
+In the sentence Kuài yào dào zhàn le, yào is an auxiliary verb meaning “will” or “to be going to.” Other meanings you have learned for yào are “to want,” “to need,” “to have to,” “to require.”
+
+New-situation le: The aspect marker le for new situations occurs in the first two sentences of No. 7. In Xià yízhàn jiù shi Shànghǎi le, the speaker uses le to communicate a change in the circumstances: after passing through many stations, Shànghǎi will finally be the next station.
+
+When a speaker uses le, he is saying that something has changed in reference to him or in reference to the listener. In the first sentence in No. 7, Shànghǎi itself has not changed, but what constitutes the “next station” for the speaker and the listener has changed.
+
+In Kuài yào dào zhàn le, new-situation le marks a change which is about to take place—their arrival. Here are examples of references to future changes:
+
+Tā míngnián jiù shísuì le.
+
+他明年就十歲了。
+
+He will be ten (years old) next year.
+
+Wǒ zǒu le.
+
+我走了。
+
+I’m leaving now. (I’ll be leaving now.)
+
+Piào kuài yào màiwán le.
+
+票快要賣完了。
+
+The tickets will soon be sold out.
+
+Many speakers of English have trouble with new-situation le because they would not think of using it when the Chinese do. Take note of situations which the Chinese consider to be changes, and try to use new-situation le in your speech.
+
+[96]
+
+DRILLS
+
+A. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+幾點鐘開？
+
+(What time does it leave?)
+
+(cue) huǒchē
+
+火車
+
+You: Nèibān huǒchē jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+那班車幾點鐘開？
+
+(What time does that train leave?)
+
+2. Jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+幾點鐘開？
+
+gōnglùjúde chē
+
+公路局的車
+
+Nèibān gōnglùjúde chē jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+那班公路局的車幾點鐘開？
+
+3. Jǐdiǎn zhōng kai?
+
+幾點鐘開？
+
+gōnggòng qìchē
+
+公共汽車
+
+Nèibān gōnggòng qìchē jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+那班公共汽車幾點鐘開？
+
+4. Jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+幾點鐘開？
+
+zhídáchē
+
+直達車
+
+Nèibān zhídáchē jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+那班直達車幾點鐘開？
+
+5. Jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+幾點鐘開？
+
+tèkuài
+
+特快
+
+Nèibān tèkuài jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+那班特快幾點鐘開？
+
+6. Jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi mén?
+
+幾點鐘開？
+
+yínháng
+
+銀行
+
+Nèige yínháng jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi mén?
+
+那個銀行幾點鐘開門？
+
+7. Jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi men?
+
+幾點鐘開？
+
+yóuzhèngjú
+
+郵政局
+
+Nèige yóuzhèngjú jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi mén?
+
+那個郵政局幾點鐘開門？
+
+B. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Zuò sìdiǎn zhōngde chē, láidejí ma?
+
+坐四點鐘的車，來得及嗎？
+
+(Can we make the four o’clock train?)
+
+(cue) no
+
+You: Láibují, yǐjīng wǎn le.
+
+來不及，已經晚了。
+
+(We can’t make it; we are already late.)
+
+OR   Zuò sìdiǎn zhōngde chē,  láidejí ma?
+
+坐四點鐘的車，來得及嗎？
+
+(Can we make the four o’clock train?)
+
+(cue) yes
+
+Láidejí, hái zǎo ne.
+
+來得及，還早呢。
+
+(Don’t worry. It’s still early.)
+
+2. Zuò jiǔdiǎn èrshifēnde chē, láidejí ma?
+
+坐九點二十分的車，來得及嗎？
+
+no
+
+Láibují, yǐjīng wǎn le.
+
+來不及，已經晚了。
+
+3. Zuò shídiǎn wǔshifēnde chē, láidejí ma?
+
+坐十點五十分的車，來得及嗎？
+
+yes
+
+Láidejí, hái zǎo ne.
+
+來得及，還早呢。
+
+[97]
+
+4. Zuò qīdiǎn wǔshifēnde chē, láidejí ma?
+
+坐七點五十分的車，來得及嗎？
+
+no
+
+Láibují, yǐjīng wǎn le.
+
+來不及，已經晚了。
+
+5.    Zuò sìdiǎn língwǔfēnde chē, láidejí ma?
+
+坐四點零五分的車，來得及嗎？
+
+yes
+
+Láidejí, hái zǎo ne.
+
+來得及，還早呢。
+
+6. Zuò liǎngdiǎn língbāfēnde chē, láidejí ma?
+
+坐兩點零八分的車，來得及嗎？
+
+no
+
+Láibují, yǐjīng wǎn le.
+
+來不及，已經晚了。
+
+C. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Zài dìjǐ zhàntái?
+
+在第幾站臺？
+
+(On which platform is it?)
+
+(cue) Shànghǎi
+
+上海
+
+You: Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài dìjǐ zhàntái?
+
+到上海去的車在第幾站臺？
+
+(On which platform is the train to Shànghǎi?)
+
+2. Zài dìsān zhàntái.
+
+在第三站臺。
+
+Nánjīng
+
+南京
+
+Dào Nánjīng qùde chē zài dìsān zhàntái.
+
+到南京去的車在第三站臺？
+
+3. Zài dìjǐ zhàntái?
+
+在第幾站臺？
+
+Guǎngzhōu
+
+廣州
+
+Dào Guǎngzhōu qùde chē zài dìjǐ zhàntái?
+
+到廣州去的車在第幾站臺？
+
+4. Zài dìèr zhàntái.
+
+在第二站臺。
+
+Tianjīn
+
+天津
+
+Dào Tiānjīn qùde chē zài dìèr zhàntái.
+
+到天津去的車在第二站臺？
+
+5. Zài dìjǐ zhàntái?
+
+在第幾站臺？
+
+Qīngdǎo
+
+青島
+
+Dào Qīngdǎo qùde chē zài dìjǐ zhàntái?
+
+到青島去的車在第幾站臺？
+
+6. Zài dìyī zhàntái.
+
+在第一站臺。
+
+Hángzhōu
+
+杭州
+
+Dào Hángzhōu qùde chē zài dìyī zhàntái.
+
+到杭州去的車在第幾站臺？
+
+7. Zài dìjǐ zhàntái?
+
+在第幾站臺？
+
+Běijīng
+
+北京
+
+Dào Běijīng qùde chē zài dìjǐ zhàntái?
+
+到北京去的車在第幾站臺？
+
+D. Substitution Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài zhèr xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+對不起，我得在這兒休息休息。
+
+(Excuse me, I must rest here a moment.)
+
+(cue) zhèige dìfang
+
+這個地方
+
+You: Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài zhèige dìfang xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+對不起，我得在這個地方休息休息。
+
+(Excuse me, I must rest at this place a moment.)
+
+[98]
+
+2. Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài zhèige dìfang xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+對不起，我得在這個地方休息休息。
+
+jiālǐ
+
+家裏
+
+Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài jiāli xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+對不起，我得在家裏休息休息。
+
+3. Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài jiāli xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+對不起，我得在家裏休息休息。
+
+fàndiànli
+
+飯店裏
+
+Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài fàndiànli xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+對不起，我得在飯店裏休息休息。
+
+4. Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài fàndiànli xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+對不起，我得在飯店裏休息休息。
+
+chēli
+
+車裏
+
+Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài chēli xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+對不起，我得在車裏休息休息。
+
+5. Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài chēli xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+對不起，我得在車裏休息休息。
+
+jiēdàishi
+
+接待室
+
+Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài jiēdàishì xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+對不起，我得在接待室休息休息。
+
+6. Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài jiēdàishì xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+對不起，我得在接待室休息休息。
+
+zhèr
+
+這兒
+
+Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài zhèr xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+對不起，我得在這兒休息休息。
+
+7. Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài zhèr xiūxi xiuxi.
+
+對不起，我得在這兒休息休息。
+
+E. Expansion Drill
+
+Repeat the speaker’s statements and add Zěnme ban? or Zěnme zǒu? as appropriate.
+
+1. Speaker： Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli hái zài zhèr.
+
+我這件行李還在這兒。
+
+(This suitcase of mine is still here.)
+
+You： Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli hái zài zhèr. Zěnme bàn?
+
+我這件行李還在這兒。怎麽辦？
+
+(This suitcase of mine is still here. What should I do about it?)
+
+OR Tā yào dào nàr qù.
+
+他要到那兒去。
+
+(He wants to go there.)
+
+Tā yào dào nàr qù. Zěnme zǒu?
+
+他要到那兒去。怎麽走？
+
+(He wants to go there. How do I get there [go]?)
+
+2. Wǒ zhèixiē dōngxi hái zài zhèr.
+
+我這些東西還在這兒。
+
+Wǒ zhèixiē dōngxi hái zài zhèr. Zěnme bàn?
+
+我這些東西還在這兒。怎麽辦？
+
+3. Tǎ yào dào Wangfǔjǐng Dàjiē qù.
+
+他要到王府井大街去。
+
+Tā yào dào Wángfùjīng Dàjiē qù. Zěnme zǒu?
+
+他要到王府井大街去。怎麽走？
+
+4. Wǒ nèixiē xíngli hái zài chēshang.
+
+我那些行李還在車上。
+
+Wǒ nèixiē xíngli hái zài chēshang. Zěnme bàn?
+
+我那些行李還在車上。怎麽辦？
+
+5. Tā yào dào Shànghǎi qù.
+
+他要到上海去。
+
+Tā yào dào Shànghǎi qù. Zěnme zǒu?
+
+他要到上海去。怎麽走？
+
+6. Wǒ zhèixiē zázhì hái méi màiwán.
+
+我這些雜志還沒賣完。
+
+Wǒ zhèixiē zázhì hái méi màiwán. Zěnme bàn?
+
+我這些雜志還沒賣完。怎麽辦？
+
+[99]
+
+F. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Tāmen yǒu Zhōngcān háishi Xīcān?
+
+他們有中餐還是西餐？
+
+(Do they have Chinese food or Western food?)
+
+(cue) yě
+
+也
+
+You: Tāmen yǒu Zhōngcǎn, yě you Xīcān.
+
+他們有中餐也有西餐
+
+(They have Chinese food and they also have Western food.)
+
+OR Tāmen yào zhèige háishi nèige?
+
+他們要這個還是那個？
+
+(Do they want this or that?)
+
+(cue) dōu
+
+都
+
+Zhèige, nèige, tāmen dōu yào.
+
+(They want both this and that.)
+
+2. Nǐmen mǎi zhuōzi háishi yǐzi?
+
+你們買桌子還是椅子？
+
+yě
+
+也
+
+Wǒmen mǎi zhuōzi, yě mǎi yǐzi.
+
+你們買桌子也買椅子
+
+3. Nǐmen mǎi pánzi háishi wǎn?
+
+你們買盤子還是碗？
+
+dōu
+
+都
+
+Pánzi, wǎn, wǒmen dōu mǎi.
+
+盤子，碗，我們都買。
+
+4. Tāmen mǎi zhèige hóngde háishi nèige lánde?
+
+他們買這個紅的還是那個藍的？
+
+dōu
+
+都
+
+Hóngde, lánde, tāmen dōu mǎi.
+
+紅的，藍的，他們都賣。
+
+5. Tāmen kàn zhèixiē zázhì háishi nèixiē bào?
+
+他們看這些雜志還是那些報？
+
+yě
+
+也
+
+Tāmen kàn zhèixiē zázhì, yě kàn nèixiē bào.
+
+他們看這些雜志，也看那些報
+
+6. Nǐ niàn jīngjixué háishi zhèngzhixué?
+
+你念經濟學還是政治學。
+
+yě
+
+也
+
+Wǒ niàn jīngjixué, yě niàn zhèngzhixué.
+
+我念經濟學，也念政治學。
+
+G. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Kuài yào dào zhàn le.
+
+快要到站了。
+
+(We are about to arrive at the station.)
+
+You: Kuài yào dào zhàn le. Wǒmen zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+快要到站了。我們準備下車吧。
+
+(We are about to arrive at the station. Let’s get ready to get off.)
+
+2. Xià yízhàn jiù shi Běijīng le.
+
+下一站就是北京了。
+
+Xià yízhàn jiù shi Běijīng le. Wǒmen zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+下一站就是北京了。我們準備下車吧。
+
+3. Kuài yào dào Tiānjīn le.
+
+快要到天津了。
+
+Kuài yào dào Tiānjīn le. Wǒmen zhunbèi xià chē ba.
+
+快要到天津了。我們準備下車吧。
+
+[100]
+
+4. Xià yízhàn jiù shi Nánjīng le.
+
+下一站就是南京了。
+
+Xià yízhàn jiù shi Nánjīng le. Wǒmen zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+下一站就是南京了。我們準備下車吧。
+
+5. Kuài yào dào Hángzhōu le.
+
+快要到杭州了。
+
+Kuài yào dào Hángzhōu le. Wǒmen zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+快要到杭州了。我們準備下車吧。
+
+6. Xià yízhàn jiù shi Shànghǎi le.
+
+下一站就是上海了。
+
+Xià yízhàn jiù shi Shànghǎi le. Wǒmen zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+下一站就是上海了。我們準備下車吧。
+
+7. Kuài yào dào Guǎngzhōu le.
+
+快要到廣州了。
+
+Kuài yào dào Guǎngzhōu le. Wǒmen zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
+
+快要到廣州了。我們準備下車吧。
+
+H. Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Tā kéyi náshànglái ma?
+
+他可以拿上來嗎？
+
+(Can he bring it?)
+
+(cue) chē
+
+車
+
+You: Tā kéyi náshàng chē lái ma?
+
+他可以拿上車來嗎？
+
+(Can he bring it in the car?)
+
+2. Tā kéyi náxiàlái ma?
+
+他可以拿下來嗎？
+
+lóu
+
+樓
+
+Tā kéyi náxià lóu lái ma?
+
+他可以拿下樓來嗎？
+
+3. Tā kéyi náshàngqù ma?
+
+他可以拿上去嗎？
+
+huǒchē
+
+火車
+
+Tā kéyi náshàng huǒchē qù ma?
+
+他可以拿上火車去嗎？
+
+4. Tā kéyi náshànglái ma?
+
+他可以拿上來嗎？
+
+lóu
+
+樓
+
+Tā kéyi náshàng lóu lái ma?
+
+他可以拿上樓來嗎？
+
+5. Tā kéyi náxiàqù ma?
+
+他可以拿下去嗎？
+
+chē
+
+車
+
+Tā kéyi náxià chē qù ma?
+
+他可以拿下車去嗎？
+
+6. Tā kéyi náxiàlái ma?
+
+他可以拿下來嗎？
+
+huǒchē
+
+火車
+
+Tā kéyi náxià huǒchē lái ma?
+
+他可以拿下火車來嗎？
+
+7. Tā kéyi náshàngqù ma?
+
+他可以拿上去嗎？
+
+lóu
+
+樓
+
+Tā kéyi náshàng lóu qù ma?
+
+他可以拿上樓去嗎？
+
+[101]
+
+UNIT 7
+
+REFERENCE LIST
+
+(in Běijīng)
+
+1. A: Lǎo Sòng, zěnmeyàng? Máng ne?
+
+老宋，怎麽樣？忙呢？
+
+Sòng, how are things going? Are you busy?
+
+B:  Bù zěnme máng. Nǐ yǒu shì ma?
+
+不怎麽忙。你有事嗎？
+
+Not especially busy. Can I do something for you?
+
+2. A: Wǒ Sìyue Shísìhào yào dào Guǎngzhōu qù. Qǐng ni gěi wo dìng yìzhāng fēijī piào.
+
+我四月十四號要到廣州去。請你給我訂一張飛機票。
+
+I’m going to Guǎngzhōu on April 14. Please reserve a plane ticket for me.
+
+B:  Hǎo
+
+好。
+
+Sure.
+
+3. B: Piào dìnghǎo le.
+
+票訂好了。
+
+The ticket has been reserved.
+
+A:  Něibān fēijī? Jǐdiǎn zhōng qǐfēi?
+
+那班飛機？幾點鐘起飛。
+
+Which flight? What time does it take off?
+
+B:  Jiǔdiǎn shíwǔfēn qǐfēi.
+
+九點十五分起飛。
+
+It takes off at 9:15.
+
+4. A: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Guǎngzhōu ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛廣州嗎？
+
+Does this flight go directly to Guǎngzhōu?
+
+B:  Shì, zhí fēi Guǎngzhōu.
+
+是，直飛廣州。
+
+Yes, it flies directly to Guǎngzhōu.
+
+5. A: Cóng Sānlǐtún dào fēijīchǎng yào duōshao shíjiān?
+
+從三里屯到飛機場要多少時間？
+
+How much time does it take to go from Sānlǐtún to the airport?
+
+B:  Yào sìshifēn zhōng.
+
+要四十分鐘。
+
+It takes forty minutes.
+
+6. A: Rúguo wǒ bādiǎn zhōng líkāi jiā, láidejí ba?
+
+如果我八點鐘離開家，來得及吧？
+
+If I leave home at eight o’clock, I can make it in time. Right?
+
+B:  Láidejí.
+
+來得及。
+
+Yes.
+
+7. A: Qǐng ni míngtiān zǎoshang pài ge chē lái jiē wo.
+
+請你明天早上派個車來接我
+
+Please send a car to pick me up tomorrow morning.
+
+B:  Hǎo. Wǒ míngtiān bādiǎn zhōng pài chē sòng ni dào fēijīchǎng qu.
+
+好。我明天八點鐘派車送你到飛機場去。
+
+Okay. I’ll send a car at eight o’clock tomorrow to take you to the airport.
+
+[102]
+
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+
+8. -hǎo le
+
+好了
+
+to be satisfactorily completed
+
+9. lǚguǎn
+
+旅館
+
+hotel
+
+10. shuōhǎo le
+
+説好了
+
+to have come to an agreement (about something); (something) has been agreed on
+
+11. xiǎnghǎo le
+
+想好了
+
+to have reached a conclusion (about something); (something) has been thought out
+
+12. yàoshi
+
+要是
+
+if (alternate word for rúguǒ)
+
+13. zuòhǎo le
+
+做好了
+
+to have finished doing (something); (something) has been finished
+
+[103]
+
+VOCABULARY
+
+bù zěnme
+
+不怎麽
+
+not especially, not particularly
+
+dìng
+
+訂
+
+to reserve
+
+dìnghǎo le
+
+訂好了
+
+to have (been) reserved
+
+fēi
+
+飛
+
+to fly
+
+fēijī
+
+飛機
+
+airplane
+
+fēijīchǎng
+
+飛機場
+
+airport
+
+Guǎngzhōu
+
+廣州
+
+(name of a city in the PRC—Canton)
+
+-hǎo le
+
+好了
+
+to be satisfactorily completed
+
+jiē
+
+接
+
+to meet/pick up/get (someone)
+
+lǎo
+
+老
+
+to be old
+
+lǚguǎn
+
+旅館
+
+in years hotel
+
+máng
+
+忙
+
+to be busy
+
+pài
+
+派
+
+to send/assign (a person to do something)
+
+qǐfēi
+
+起飛
+
+to take off (airplane)
+
+rúguǒ (rúguo)
+
+如果
+
+if
+
+Sānlǐtún
+
+三里屯
+
+(a district in Běijīng where many Foreign diplomats and Chinese people from other countries live)
+
+shuōhǎo le
+
+説好了
+
+to have come to an agreement (about something); (something) has been agreed on
+
+xiǎnghǎo le
+
+想好了
+
+to have reached a conclusion (about something); (something) has been thought out
+
+yàoshi
+
+要是
+
+if
+
+zhí
+
+直
+
+directly
+
+zuòhǎo le
+
+做好了
+
+to have finished doing (something); (something) has been finished
+
+[104]
+
+(introduced on C-2 tape)
+
+chū chāi
+
+出差
+
+to go on a business trip
+
+chùzhǎng
+
+處長
+
+division chief
+
+gǎnbushàng
+
+趕不上
+
+won’t be able to catch (a plane, train, etc.)
+
+hái hǎo
+
+還好
+
+fairly good/well
+
+kāi huì
+
+開會
+
+to attend a meeting/conference
+
+Shànghǎi-made jeep and other vehicles in a parking lot outside the train station in Guǎngzhōu
+
+[105]
+
+REFERENCE NOTES
+
+1. A: Lǎo Sòng, zěnmeyàng? Máng ne?
+
+老宋，怎麽樣？忙呢？
+
+Sòng, how are things going? Are you busy?
+
+B:  Bù zěnme máng. Nǐ yǒu shì ma?
+
+不怎麽忙。你有事嗎？
+
+Not especially busy. Can I do something for you?
+
+Notes on No. 1
+
+The greeting zěnmeyàng is more informal than nǐ hǎo a. Zěnmeyàng is used only if the two people already know each other.
+
+Máng ne? and Máng ma? are translated into English as “Are you busy?” However, the two Chinese questions are not interchangeable. When a speaker asks the question Máng ma? he really wants to find out whether someone is busy. On the other hand, Máng ne? is an example of the Chinese custom of greeting a person by stating the obvious. The speaker is simply acknowledging the fact that the listener is busy. The question mark following Máng ne? shows that the speaker is inviting the listener to comment. You might think of Máng ne? as something like the English “Well, it looks like you are working hard,” which invites a response like “Sure am” or “Oh, I’m really not doing much of anything.”
+
+Ne may be used in many sentences to comment on what the person being addressed is doing at the moment:
+
+Chī fàn ne?
+
+吃飯呢？
+
+Having dinner, I see?
+
+Zài zhèr ne?
+
+在這兒呢？
+
+Well, you’re here?
+
+Mǎi dōngxi ne?
+
+買東西呢？
+
+Doing some shopping, eh?
+
+These sentences are almost greetings in themselves.
+
+The overall intonation of the question Máng ma? is higher than that of a statement. The intonation of Máng ne? is somewhat lower. Listen carefully to the tape.
+
+Bù zěnme may precede a state verb. The expression would then mean “not especially,” “not particularly.”
+
+Wǒ bù zěnme xǐhuan nèiběn shū.
+
+我不怎麽喜歡那本書。
+
+I don’t particularly like that book.
+
+Wǒ bù zěnme qīngchu.
+
+我不怎麽清楚。
+
+I’m not particularly clear on this. (This isn’t very clear to me.)
+
+Wǒ jīntiān bù zěnme hǎo.
+
+我今天不怎麽好。
+
+I’m not particularly well today.
+
+Tā bù zěnme yǒu qián.
+
+他不怎麽有錢。
+
+He’s not especially rich.
+
+Wǒ bù zěnme xiǎng qù.
+
+我不怎麽想去。
+
+I don’t especially want to go.
+
+Contrast bù zěnme with bú zènme, “not as much as that”:
+
+Wǒ bú zenme xǐhuan kàn diànyǐngr.
+
+我不怎麽喜歡看電影兒。
+
+I don’t like to go to the movies that much, (i.e., as much as someone else just mentioned)
+
+[106]
+
+Wǒ bù zěnme xǐhuan kàn diànyǐngr.
+
+我不怎麽喜歡看電影兒。
+
+I don’t particularly like to go to the movies.
+
+2. A: Wǒ Sìyue Shísìhào yào dào Guǎngzhōu qù. Qǐng ni gěi wo dìng yìzhāng fēijī piào.
+
+我四月十四號要到廣州去。請你給我訂一張飛機票。
+
+I’m going to Guǎngzhōu on April 14. Please reserve a plane ticket for me.
+
+B:  Hǎo
+
+好。
+
+Sure.
+
+3. B: Piào dìnghǎo le.
+
+票訂好了。
+
+The ticket has been reserved.
+
+A:  Něibān fēijī? Jǐdiǎn zhōng qǐfēi?
+
+那班飛機？幾點鐘起飛。
+
+Which flight? What time does it take off?
+
+B:  Jiǔdiǎn shíwǔfēn qǐfēi.
+
+九點十五分起飛。
+
+Note on No. 3
+
+Dìnghǎo is a compound verb of result. When used as the final element in a compound verb of result, hǎo indicates that the action described by the initial verb has been brought to a successful conclusion.
+
+The same form of the verb, dìnghǎo, is used to describe an object having something done to it and a person doing something to an object.
+
+Piào dìnghǎo le.
+
+票訂好了
+
+The ticket has been reserved.
+
+Wǒ bǎ piào dìnghǎo le.
+
+我把票訂好了
+
+I have reserved the ticket.
+
+Here are additional examples of compounds with the result-ending -hǎo:
+
+Wǒmen yǐjīng shuōhǎo le.
+
+我們已經説好了。
+
+We have already come to an agreement about it. (We have already talked it out to a conclusion.)
+
+Nǐ xiǎnghǎo le meiyou?
+
+你想好了沒有？
+
+Have you reached a conclusion yet? (Have you thought it out to a conclusion yet?)
+
+Wǒ yǐjīng bǎ jīntiān wǎnshàng yào chīde dōngxi zuòhǎo le.
+
+我已經把今天晚上要吃的東西做好了。
+
+I have already finished making the things we are going to eat tonight.
+
+Nǐde xíngli zhǔnbèihǎo le ma?
+
+你的行李准備好了嗎？
+
+Is your luggage ready?
+
+[107]
+
+4. A: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Guǎngzhōu ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛廣州嗎？
+
+Does this flight go directly to Guǎngzhōu?
+
+B:  Shì, zhí fēi Guǎngzhōu.
+
+是，直飛廣州。
+
+Yes, it flies directly to Guǎngzhōu.
+
+Notes on No. 4
+
+Zhèibān fēijī, “this flight”: In Chinese, the specifier zhèi- is used to refer to what has Just been talked about. In English, “that” and “the” are used for the same purpose.
+
+The adverb zhí is not used in as many situations as is its English translation, “directly,” “straight.” In other contexts, the word for “directly” or “direct” would be zhíjiē, and the word for “straight” would be yìzhí.
+
+5. A: Cóng Sānlǐtún dào fēijīchǎng yào duōshao shíjiān?
+
+從三里屯到飛機場要多少時間？
+
+How much time does it take to go from Sānlǐtún to the airport?
+
+B:  Yào sìshifēn zhōng.
+
+要四十分鐘。
+
+It takes forty minutes.
+
+6. A: Rúguo wǒ bādiǎn zhōng líkāi jiā, láidejí ba?
+
+如果我八點鐘離開家，來得及吧？
+
+If I leave home at eight o’clock, I can make it in time. Right?
+
+B:  Láidejí.
+
+來得及。
+
+Yes.
+
+Note on No. 6
+
+Rúguo is one of the commonest words in Chinese for “if.” Another widely used word for “if” is yàoshi. (See Additional Required Vocabulary, No. 12.) You have already learned that the idea of “if” may be conveyed in Chinese without any special word:
+
+Zuò Gōnglùjú děi xiān mǎi piào ma?
+
+坐公路局得先買票嗎？
+
+If I take the bus, is it necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?
+
+Bādiǎn zhōng líkāi jiā láidejí ba?
+
+八點鐘離開家來得及吧？
+
+If I leave home at eight o’clock, I can make it in time. Right?
+
+[108]
+
+7. A: Qǐng ni míngtiān zǎoshang pài ge chē lái jiē wo.
+
+請你明天早上派個車來接我
+
+Please send a car to pick me up tomorrow morning.
+
+B:  Hǎo. Wǒ míngtiān bādiǎn zhōng pài chē sòng ni dào fēijīchǎng qu.
+
+好。我明天八點鐘派車送你到飛機場去。
+
+Okay. I’ll send a car at eight o’clock tomorrow to take you to the airport.
+
+Notes on No. 7
+
+The verb pài means “to send/assign someone [to do something].
+
+Ge: You have already learned that, when toneless, yíge means “a,” not “one.” In the first sentence of exchange 7, yǒu see that yíge can be reduced to the one syllable ge. This reduction happens most frequently when “a” follows the sentence verb.
+
+zhǎo ge ren
+
+找個人
+
+to look for someone (i.e., a person)
+
+chī ge píngguǒ
+
+吃個蘋果
+
+to eat an apple
+
+The verb jiē means “to meet,” as in “meeting someone at the station,” or “to get,” “to pick up,” as in “I’ll come by to get you (pick you up) about eight o’clock.”
+
+Pài ge chē lái jiē wo, literally “send a car to come pick me up”: In English, “come” may be omitted. In Chinese, lái must separate the action (pài ge chē) from the purpose of the action (jiē wo).Either lái or qù may be used to mark purpose expressions, depending on the direction of the action.
+
+The verb sòng means “to take/escort someone” in the last sentence of exchange 7. Sòng may also mean “to send” in the sense of “delivering an object,” in contrast with the verb pài, which means “to send a person.”
+
+Qǐng pài ge rén dào wǒ jiā lái.
+
+請派個人到我家來。
+
+Please send a man over to my house.
+
+Qǐng bǎ zhuōzi sòng dao wǒ jiā qù.
+
+請把桌子送到我家去。
+
+Please deliver the table to my house.
+
+[109]
+
+8. -hǎo le
+
+好了
+
+to be satisfactorily completed
+
+9. lǚguǎn
+
+旅館
+
+hotel
+
+10. shuōhǎo le
+
+説好了
+
+to have come to an agreement (about something); (something) has been agreed on
+
+11. xiǎnghǎo le
+
+想好了
+
+to have reached a conclusion (about something); (something) has been thought out
+
+12. yàoshi
+
+要是
+
+if (alternate word for rúguǒ)
+
+13. zuòhǎo le
+
+做好了
+
+to have finished doing (something); (something) has “been finished
+
+Note on Additional Required Vocabulary
+
+Lǚguǎn is the general term for any kind of hotel. When following a verb or the prepositional verb zài, lǚguǎn may be followed by the locational ending -li, “in,” or there may be no locative ending. This is also the case with other place words naming institutions, business establishments, and organizations.
+
+Tā zài zhèige lǚguǎnli (OR zài zhèige lǚguǎn) zhùle liǎngge yuè.
+
+他在這個旅館裏（OR 在這個旅館）住了兩個月。
+
+He stayed in this hotel for two months.
+
+[110]
+
+VOCABULARY BOOSTER
+
+Animals
+
+bear
+
+xióng
+
+熊
+
+camel
+
+luòtuo
+
+駱駝
+
+cat
+
+māo
+
+貓
+
+chicken
+
+jī
+
+鷄
+
+cow
+
+niú
+
+牛
+
+deer
+
+lù
+
+鹿
+
+dog
+
+gǒu
+
+狗
+
+donkey
+
+lǘ
+
+驢
+
+duck
+
+yā
+
+鴨
+
+elephant
+
+xiàng
+
+象
+
+fish
+
+yú
+
+魚
+
+fox
+
+húli
+
+狐狸
+
+goat
+
+shānyáng
+
+山羊
+
+horse
+
+mǎ
+
+馬
+
+lion
+
+shīzi
+
+獅子
+
+monkey
+
+hóuzi
+
+猴子
+
+mouse/rat
+
+lǎoshǔ
+
+老鼠
+
+panda
+
+xióngmǎo
+
+熊貓
+
+pig
+
+zhū
+
+豬
+
+sheep
+
+yáng
+
+羊
+
+tiger
+
+lǎohǔ
+
+老虎
+
+turkey
+
+huǒjī
+
+火鷄
+
+wolf
+
+láng
+
+狼
+
+[111]
+
+DRILLS
+
+A. Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Qǐng ni gěi wo mǎi yìzhāng chuán piáo.
+
+請你給我買一張船票。
+
+(Please buy one boat ticket for me.)
+
+You: Qǐng ni gěi wo dìng yìzhāng chuán piào.
+
+請你給我訂一張船票。
+
+(Please reserve one boat ticket for me.)
+
+2. Qǐng ni gěi Mǎ Xiānsheng mǎi liǎngzhāng huǒchē piào.
+
+請你給馬先生買兩張火車票。
+
+Qǐng ni gěi Mǎ Xiānsheng dìng liǎngzhāng huǒchē piào.
+
+請你給馬先生訂兩張火車票。
+
+3. Qǐng ni gěi Máo Tàitai mǎi yìzhāng gōnglùjúde chēpiào.
+
+請你給毛太太買一張公路局的車票
+
+Qǐng ni gěi Máo Tàitai dìng yìzhāng gōnglùjúde chēpiào.
+
+請你給毛太太訂一張公路局的車票
+
+4. Qǐng ni gěi Lín Xiǎojiě mǎi sānzhāng zhídáchēde chēpiào.
+
+請你給林小姐買三張直達車的車票
+
+Qǐng ni gěi Lín Xiǎojiě dìng sānzhāng zhídáchēde chēpiào.
+
+請你給林小姐訂三張直達車的車票
+
+5. Qǐng ni gěi Líu Nǚshì mǎi sānzhāng tèkuàichēde chēpiào.
+
+請你給劉女士買三張特快車的車票。
+
+Qǐng ni gěi Líu Nǚshì dìng sānzhāng tèkuàichēde chēpiào.
+
+請你給劉女士訂三張特快車的車票。
+
+6. Qǐng ni gěi Zhōu Xiānsheng mǎi liǎngzhāng fēijī piào.
+
+請你給周先生買兩張飛機票。
+
+Qǐng ni gěi Zhōu Xiānsheng dìng liǎngzhāng fēijī piào.
+
+請你給周先生訂兩張飛機票。
+
+7. Qǐng ni gěi Zhào Tàitai mǎi liǎngzhāng chuán piào.
+
+請你給趙太太買兩張船票。
+
+Qǐng ni gěi Zhào Tàitai dìng liǎngzhāng chuán piào.
+
+請你給趙太太訂兩張船票。
+
+B.  Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Wǒ yào dào Guǎngzhōu qù.
+
+我要到廣州去。
+
+(I want to go to Guǎngzhōu.)
+
+(cue) huǒchē piào
+
+火車票
+
+You: Wǒ yào dào Guǎngzhōu qù, kéyi bu keyi dìng yìzhāng huǒchē piào?
+
+我要到廣州去，可以不可以訂一張火車票？
+
+(I want to go to Guǎngzhōu. May I reserve a train ticket?)
+
+2. Wǒ yào dào Běijīng qù.
+
+我要到北京去。
+
+fēijī piào
+
+飛機票
+
+Wǒ yào dào Běijīng qù, kéyi bu keyi dìng yìzhāng fēijī piào?
+
+我要到北京去，可以不可以訂一張飛機票？
+
+3. Wǒ yào dào Nánjīng qù.
+
+我要到南京去。
+
+tèkuàichēde piào
+
+特快車的票
+
+Wo yào dào Nánjīng qù, kéyi bu keyi dìng yìzhāng tèkuàichēde piào?
+
+我要到南京去，可以不可以訂一張特快車的票？
+
+4. Wǒ yào dào Qīngdǎo qù.
+
+我要到青島去。
+
+chuán piào。
+
+船票
+
+Wǒ yào dào Qīngdǎo qù, kéyi bu keyi dìng yìzhāng chuán piào?
+
+我要到青島去，可以不可以訂一張船票？
+
+5. Wǒ yào dào Tiānjīn qù.
+
+我要到天津去。
+
+qìchē piào
+
+汽車票
+
+Wǒ yào dào Tiānjīn qù, kéyi bu keyi dìng yìzhāng qìchē piào?
+
+我要到天津去，可以不可以訂一張汽車票？
+
+[112]
+
+6. Wo yào dào Hángzhōu qù.
+
+我要到杭州去。
+
+fēijī piào
+
+飛機票
+
+Wǒ yào dào Hángzhōu qù, kéyi bu keyi ding yìzhāng fēijī piào?
+
+我要到杭州去，可以不可以訂一張飛機票？
+
+7. Wǒ yào dào Sūzhōu qù.
+
+我要到蘇州去。
+
+zhídáchēde piào
+
+直達車票
+
+Wǒ yào dào Sūzhōu qù, kéyi bu keyi ding yìzhāng zhídāchēde piào?
+
+我要到蘇州去，可以不可以訂一張直達車票？
+
+C. Response Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Zuòhǎo le ma?
+
+做好了嗎？
+
+(Have you finished doing it?)
+
+(cue) no
+
+You: Méi zuòhǎo ne.
+
+沒做好呢。
+
+(I haven’t finished doing it.)
+
+2. Shuōhǎo le ma?
+
+説好了嗎？
+
+yes
+
+Shuōhǎo le.
+
+説好了。
+
+3. Xiǎnghǎo le ma?
+
+想好了嗎？
+
+soon
+
+Kuài xiǎnghǎo le.
+
+快想好了。
+
+4. Dìnghǎo le ma?
+
+訂好了嗎？
+
+not yet
+
+Hái méi dìnghǎo ne.
+
+還沒訂好。
+
+5. Shuōhǎo le ma?
+
+説好了嗎？
+
+no
+
+Méi shuōhǎo ne.
+
+沒説好呢。
+
+6. Zuòhǎo le ma?
+
+做好了嗎？
+
+soon
+
+Kuài zuòhǎo le.
+
+快做好了。
+
+7. Xiǎnghǎo le ma?
+
+想好了嗎？
+
+not yet
+
+Hái méi Xiǎnghǎo ne
+
+還沒想好呢。
+
+D.  Expansion Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Něibān fēijī?
+
+哪班飛機？
+
+(Which flight?)
+
+You: Něibān fēijī? Jǐdiǎn zhōng qǐfēi?
+
+哪班飛機？幾點鐘起飛？
+
+(Which flight? What time does it take off?)
+
+OR Něibān huǒchē?
+
+哪班火車？
+
+(Which train?)
+
+Něibān huǒchē? Jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+哪班火車？幾點鐘開？
+
+(Which train? What time does it leave?)
+
+2. Něibān qìchē?
+
+哪班汽車？
+
+Něibān qìchē? Jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+哪班汽車？幾點鐘開？
+
+3. Něibān fēijī?
+
+哪班飛機？
+
+Něibān fēijī? Jǐdiǎn zhōng qǐfēi?
+
+哪班飛機？幾點鐘起飛？
+
+[113]
+
+4. Něibān zhídáchē?
+
+哪班直達車？
+
+Něibān zhídáchē? Jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+
+哪班直達車？幾點鐘開？
+
+5. Něibān tèkuàichē?
+
+哪班特快車？
+
+Něibān tèkuàichē? Jǐdiǎn zhong kāi?
+
+哪班特快車？幾點鐘開？
+
+6. Něibān fēijī?
+
+哪班飛機？
+
+Něibān fēijī? Jǐdian zhōng qǐfēi?
+
+哪班飛機？幾點鐘起飛？
+
+E.  Substitution Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Guǎngzhōu ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛廣州嗎？
+
+(Does this flight go directly to Guǎngzhōu?)
+
+(cue) Nánjīng
+
+南京
+
+You: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Nánjīng ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛南京嗎？
+
+(Does this flight go directly to Nánjīng?)
+
+2. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Nǎnjīng ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛南京嗎？
+
+Shànghǎi
+
+上海
+
+Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Shànghǎi ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛上海嗎？
+
+3. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Shànghǎi ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛上海嗎？
+
+Běijīng
+
+北京
+
+Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Běijīng ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛北京嗎？
+
+4. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Běijīng ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛北京嗎？
+
+Wǔhàn
+
+武漢
+
+Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Wǔhàn ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛武漢嗎？
+
+5. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Wǔhàn ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛武漢嗎？
+
+Sūzhōu
+
+蘇州
+
+Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Sūzhōu ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛蘇州嗎？
+
+6. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Sūzhōu ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛蘇州嗎？
+
+Qīngdǎo
+
+青島
+
+Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Qīngdǎo ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛青島嗎？
+
+7. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Qīngdǎo ma?
+
+這班飛機直飛青島嗎？
+
+[114]
+
+F.  Transformation Drill
+
+1. Speaker: Cóng Sānlǐtún dào huǒchēzhàn yào duōshao shíjiān?
+
+從三里屯到火車站要多少時間？
+
+(How much time does it take to go from Sānlǐtún to the train station?)
+
+(cue) duōshaofēn zhōng
+
+多少分鐘
+
+You: Cóng Sānlǐtún dào huǒchēzhàn yào duōshaofēn zhōng?
+
+從三里屯到火車站要多少分鐘？
 
-Shàngwù shídiǎn huòzhě shàngwù
-shíyīdiǎn, dōu kéyi.
+(How many minutes from Sānlǐtún to the train station?)
 
-Èrshiqíhào huòzhě Èrshibahào, dōu
-kéyi.
+2. Cóng Dōngdān dào Wǎngfǔjǐng Dàjiē yào duōshao shíjiān?
 
-D. Transformation Drill
+從東單到王府井大街要多少時間？
 
-1. Speaker： Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng
-yuan ma?
+duōshao shíhou
 
-(cue) duo
+多少時候
 
-(is Shànghǎi far from
-Nánjīng?)
+Cóng Dōngdān dào Wǎngfǔjǐng Dàjiē yào duōshao shíhou?
 
-OR Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng
-yuan ma?
+從東單到王府井大街要多少時候？
 
-(cue) duoshao
+3. Cóng Chángān Jiē dào Rìtánlù yào duōshao shíjiān?
 
-(Is Shànghǎi far from
-Nánjīng?)
+從長安街到日壇路要多少時間？
 
-2. Běijīng lí Tianjin yuan ma?
-duō
+jǐfēn zhōng
 
-3. Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yuan ma?
-duōshao
+幾分鐘
 
-4. Nánjīng lí Bǎijlng yuan ma?
-duōshao
+Cóng Chángān jiē dào Rìtánlù yào jǐfēn zhōng?
 
-5. Guǎngzhōu lí Wuhan yuan ma?
-duo
+從長安街到日壇路要幾分鐘？
 
-6. Shànghǎi lí Hángzhōu yuan ma?
-duōshao
+4. Cóng Běijīng dào Guǎngzhōu yào duōshao shíjiān?
 
-You： Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duō
-yuan?
+從北京到廣州要多少時間？
 
-(How far is Shànghǎi from
-NánjIng?)
+jǐtiān
 
-Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duōshao
-gōnglī?
+幾天
 
-(How many kilometers is
-Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?)
+Cóng Běijīng dào Guǎngzhōu yào jǐtiān?
 
-Běijīng lí Tianjin yǒu duō yuan?
+從北京到廣州要幾天？
 
-Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu duōshao
-gōnglī?
+5. Cóng Nánjīng dào Shànghǎi yào duōshao shíjiān?
 
-Nánjīng lí Běijīng yǒu duōshao
-gōnglī?
+從南京到上海要多少時間？
 
-Guǎngzhōu lí Wuhan yǒu duō yuan?
+duōshao xiǎoshí
 
-Shànghǎi lí Hángzhōu yǒu duōshao
-gōnglī?
+多少小時
 
-E. Response Drill
+Cóng Nánjīng dào Shànghǎi yào duōshao xiǎoshí?
 
-1. Speaker： Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng you
-duō yuan?
+從南京到上海要多少小時？
 
-(cue ) dàgài 270
+6. Cóng Hǎngzhōu dào Guǎngzhōu yào duōshao shíjiān?
 
-(How far is Shànghǎi
-from Nánjīng?)
+從杭州到廣州要多少時間？
 
-OR Tianjin lí Běijīng yōu
-duō yuan?
+duōshao xiǎoshí
 
-(cue) 80duō
+多少小時
 
-(How far is Tianjin
-from Běijīng?)
+Cóng Hǎngzhōu dào Guǎngzhōu yào duōshao xiǎoshí?
 
-2. Bōijīng lí Hángzhōu yǒu duō
-yuan? 900duō
+從杭州到廣州要多少小時？
 
-You: Dàgài yōu èrbǎiqīshí gōnglī.
+7. Cóng Guānghuálù dào huǒchēzhàn yào duōshao shíjiān?
 
-(it’s probably 270 kilometers.)
+從光華路到火車站要多少時間？
 
-Dàgài lí Běijīng yōu bàshíduō
-gōnglī.
+duōshaofēn zhōng
 
-(It’s probably more than 80
-kilometers.)
+多少鐘
 
-Dàgài lí Hángzhōu yōu jiubǎiduō
-gōnglī.
+Cóng Guānghuálù dào huǒchēzhàn yào duōshaofēn zhōng?
 
-3. Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu duo
-yuan?   dàgài 800
+從光華路到火車站要多少鐘？
 
-4. Nánjīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu duó
-yuan?   dàgài 200
+G. Transformation Drill
 
-5. Wuhàn lí Běijīng yǒu duó yuǎn?
-TOOduō
+1. Speaker: Rúguō wǒ bādiǎn zhōng líkāi jiā, láidejí ma?
 
-6. Hángzhōu lí Shànghǎi yǒu duó
-yuǎn? ITOduǒ
+如果我八點鐘離開家，來得及嗎？
 
-Dàgài yǒu bābǎi gōnglī.
+(if I leave home at eight o’clock, can I make it?)
 
-Dàgài yǒu èrbǎi gōnglī.
+You: Rúguǒ wǒ bādiǎn zhōng líkāi jiā, shénme shíhou dào?
 
-Dàgài lí Běijīng yǒu qībǎiduō
-gōnglī.
+如果我八點鐘離開家，什麽時候到？
 
-Dàgài lí Shànghǎi yǒu yībǎiqīshíduō
-gōnglī.
+(If I leave home at eight o’clock, what time will I arrive?)
 
-F. Transformation Drill
+2.  Rúguǒ wǒ shídiǎn zhōng líkāi xuéxiào, láidejí ma?
 
-1. Speaker: Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng you
-sǎnbǎi gōnglī.
+如果我十點鐘離開學校，來得及嗎？
 
-(cue) méi
+Rúguǒ wǒ shídiǎn zhōng líkāi xuexiào shěnme shíhou dào?
 
-(Shànghǎi is 300 kilo-
-meters from Nánjīng.)
+如果我十點鐘離開學校什麽時候到？
 
-OR Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yōu
-sǎnbǎi gōnglī.
+[115]
 
-(cue) dàgài
+3. Rúguǒ Lǐ Xiānsheng shíyīdiǎn shifēn líkāi Dàshiguǎn, láidejí ma?
 
-(Shànghǎi is 300 kilo-
-meters from Běijīng.)
+如果李先生十一點十分離開大使館，來得及嗎？
 
-OR Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng you
-sǎnbǎi gōnglī.
+Rúguǒ Lī Xiānsheng shíyīdiǎn shífēn líkāi Dàshiguǎn, shénme shíhou dào?
 
-(cue) duō
+如果李先生十一點十分離開大使館，什麽時候到？
 
-(Shànghǎi is 300 kilo-
-meters from Běijīng.)
+4. Rúguǒ Zhang Nǚshì shíyuè qíhào líkāi zhèli, láidejí ma?
 
-2. Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yōu yìqiǎn
-gōnglī. mei
+如果張女士十月七號離開這裏，來得及嗎？
 
-3. Wuhàn lí Běijīng yōu bǎbǎi
-gōnglī. dàgài
+Rúguǒ Zhāng Nǚshì shíyuè qíhào líkāi zhèli, shénme shíhou dào?
 
-4. Nánjīng lí Shànghǎi yōu èrbǎi
-gōnglī. duō
+如果張女士十月七號離開這裏，什麽時候到？
 
-5. Hángzhōu lí Shànghǎi yōu yìbǎi
-gōnglī. duō
+5. Rúguǒ tā sìdiǎnbàn líkāi fàndiàn, láidejí ma?
 
-You: Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng meiyou
-sǎnbǎi gōnglī.
+如果他四點半離開飯店，來得及嗎？
 
-(Shànghǎi isn't Lis less thanJ
+Rúguǒ tā sìdiǎnbàn líkāi fàndiàn, shénme shíhou dào?
 
-300 kilometers from Nánjīng.)
+如果他四點半離開飯店，什麽時候到？
 
-Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng dàgài yōu
-sǎnbǎi gōnglī.
+6. Rúguǒ nǐ zǎoshang qīdiǎn zhong líkāi jiā, láidejí ma?
 
-(Shànghǎi is probably 300 kilo-
-meters from Běijīng.)
+如果早上七點鐘離開家，來得及嗎？
 
-Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yōu
-sǎnbǎiduō gōnglī.
+Rúguǒ nǐ zǎoshang qīdiǎn zhōng líkāi jiā, shénme shíhou dào?
 
-(Shànghǎi is more than 300
-kilometers from Běijīng.)
+如果早上七點鐘離開家，什麽時候到？
 
-Běijīng lí Shànghǎi měiyou yìqiǎn
-gōnglī.
+7. Rúguǒ tāmen xiànzài líkāi chēzhǎn, láidejí ma?
 
-Wuhàn lí Běijīng dàgài yōu bǎbǎi
-gōnglī.
+如果他們現在離開車站，來得及嗎？
 
-Nánjīng lí Shànghǎi yōu èrbǎiduō
-gōnglī.
+Rúguǒ tāmen xiànzài líkāi chēzhàn, shénme shíhou dào?
 
-Hángzhōu lí Shànghǎi yōu yìbǎiduō
-gōnglī.
+如果他們現在離開車站，什麽時候到？
 
-G. Substitution Drill
+H. Expansion Drill
 
-1. Speaker: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu Jīge
-zhōngtǒu?
+1. Speaker: Qǐng ni lái jiē wo.
 
-(cue) duo jiǔ
+請你來接我。
 
-(How many hours does it
-take by train?)
+(Please pick me up.)
 
-2. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duǒ jiǔ?
-duōshao shíhou
+You: Qǐng ni pài ge chē lái jiē wo.
 
-3. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao
-shíhou? jitiān
+請你派個車來接我。
 
-4. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jitiān?
-jīge xīngqī
+(Please send a car to pick me up.)
 
-5. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jīge xīngqī?
-jíge xiāoshí
+2. Qǐng ni lái jiē ta.
 
-6. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jīge xiaoshí?
-duōshao tiān
+請你來接他。
 
-7. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao tiān?
+Qǐng ni pài ge chē lái jiē ta.
 
-You: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duǒ jiǔ?
+請你派個車來接他。
 
-(How long does it take by train?)
+3. Qǐng ni qù jiē tamen.
 
-Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?
+請你去接他們。
 
-Zuò huǒchē yào zou jitiān?
+Qǐng ni pài ge chē qù jiē tamen.
 
-Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jīge xīngqī?
+請你派個車去接他們。
 
-Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jīge xiāoshí?
+4. Qǐng ni qù jiē ta.
 
-Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao tiān?
+請你去接他。
 
-H. Transformation Drill
+Qǐng ni pài ge chē qù jiē ta.
 
-1. Speaker: Yào zǒu bànge zhōngtou. You: Yào zǒu yíge bàn zhōngtǒu.
+請你派個車去接他。
 
-(cue) 1 (it takes an hour and a half.)
+5. Qǐng ni sòng wo qù.
 
-(It takes half an hour.)
+請你送我去。
 
-OF  ì   Yào zǒu bàntiān.  (cue) 3  (it takes half a day.)       Yào zǒu sāntiān bàn.  (it takes three and a half days.
-2. Yào zǒu bànge yuè.  2   Yào zǒu liāngge bàn yuè.
-3. Yào zǒu bànge xīngqī.   1   Yào zou yíge bàn xīngqī.
-4. Yào zou bànniān.    1   Yào zǒu yìniān bàn.
-5. Yào zǒu bànge zhōngtǒu. u   Yào zǒu sìge bàn zhōngtǒu.
-6. Yào zǒu bànge yuè.  1   Yào zǒu yíge bàn yuè.
+Qǐng ni pài ge chē sòng wo qù.
 
-I. Expansion Drill
+請你派個車送我去。
 
-1. Speaker： Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào
-Nánjīng qù.
-(cue) yīhòu
+6. Qǐng ni lái jiē ta.
 
-(This will be the first
-time I have gone to
-Nánjīng.)
+請你來接他。
 
-OR Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào
-Nánjīng qù.
-(cue) yǐqián
+Qǐng ni pài ge chē lái jiē ta.
 
-(This will be the first
-time I have gone to
-Nánjīng.)
+請你派個車來接他。
 
-2. Zhèi shi tā dìyīcì xué Zhōngguo
-huà.    yīhòu
+7. Qǐng ni sòng tamen qù.
 
-3. Zhèi shi tā dìyīcì chī Zhōngguo
-fàn.    yǐqián
+請你送他們去。
 
-H. Zhèi shi wo dìyīcì dào zhèr lai.
-yīhòu
+Qǐng ni pài ge chē sòng tamen qù.
 
-5. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái.
-yǐqián
+請你派個車送他們去。
 
-6. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Měiguo
-qù. yǐqián
+[116]
 
-You： Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng
-qù. Yīhòu hái yào qù.
+I. Expansion Drill
 
-(This will be the first time
-I have gone to Nánjīng.
+1. Speaker: Wǒ sòng ni dào  fēijīchǎng qù.
 
-Later on I want to go again.)
+我送你到飛機場去。
 
-Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng
-qù. Yǐqián méi qùguo.
+(I’ll take you to the airport.)
 
-(This will be the first time I
-have gone to Nánjīng. I
-haven’t gone there before.)
+You: Wǒ pài chē sòng ni dào fēijīchǎng qù.
 
-Zhè shi tā dìyīcì xué Zhōngguo huà.
-Yīhòu hái yào xue.
+我派車送你到飛機場去。
 
-Zhè shi tā dìyīcì chī Zhōngguo fàn.
-Yǐqián mei chīguo.
+(I’ll send a car to take you to the airport.)
 
-Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái.
+2. Wǒ sòng ni dào huǒchēzhàn qù.
 
-Yīhòu hái yào lái.
+我送你到火車站去。
 
-Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái.
+Wǒ pài chē sòng ni dào huǒchēzhàn qù.
 
-Yǐqián měi láiguo.
+我派車送你到火車站去。
 
-Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Měiguo qù.
+3. Wǒ sòng ni dào qìchēzhàn qù.
 
-Yǐqián mei qùguo.
+我送你到汽車站。
 
-J. Response Drill
+Wǒ pài chē sòng ni dào qìchēzhàn qù.
 
-1. Speaker: Nǐ shuō lái liǎngtiān
-gòu bu gou?
+我派車送你到汽車站。
 
-(Would yǒu say it would
-be enough to come for
-two days?)
+4. Wǒ sòng ni dào tā jiā qù.
 
-2. Nǐ shuō qù liǎngtiān gòu bu gou?
+我送你到他家去。
 
-3. Nǐ shuō xué liǎngniánde Zhōngwén
-gòu bu gou?
+Wǒ pài chē sòng ni dào tā jiā qù.
 
-4. Nǐ shuō zhù sānge yuè gòu bu
-gou?
+我派車送你到他家去。
 
-You： Lái liǎngtiān gòu le.
+5. Wǒ sòng ni dào yínháng qù.
 
-(it would be enough to come
-for two days.)
+我送你到銀行去。
 
-Qù liǎngtiān gòu le.
+Wǒ pài chē sòng ni dào yínháng qù.
 
-Xué liǎngniánde Zhōngwén gòu le.
+我派車送你到銀行去。
 
-Zhù sānge yuè gòu le.
+6. Wǒ sòng ni dào dàshiguǎn qù.
 
-5. Nǐ shuō niàn jiūge xīngqī gòu
-hu gou?
+我送你到大使館去。
 
-6. Nǐ shuō dào nèr qù wánr shítiSn
-gòu bu gou?
+Wǒ pài chē sòng ni dào dàshiguǎn qù.
 
-7. Nǐ shuō zǒu yíge zhōngtǒu gòu
-bu gou?
+我派車送你到大使館去。
 
-Niàn Jiǔge xīngqī gòu le.
+7. Wǒ sòng ni dào fēijīchǎng qù.
 
-Wánr shítiān gòu le.
+我送你到飛機場去。
 
-Zǒu yíge zhōngtǒu gòu le.
+Wǒ pài chē sòng ni dào fēijīchǎng qù.
 
-K. Expansion Drill
+我派車送你到飛機場去。
 
-1. Speaker: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi
-zhèr.
+[117]
 
-(cue) Xiàwǔ you
-jītàng chē?
+UNIT 8
 
-(I hope to leave here
-in the afternoon.)
+REFERENCE LIST
 
-2. Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkái zhèr.
-Xiàwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+(in Běijīng)
 
-3. Wǒ xīwang wǎnshang líkāi zhèr.
-Wǎnshang yǒu jītàng chē?
+1. B: Hǎo jiǔ méi jiàn, nín chū mén le ba?
 
-h. Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīsān líkāi zhèr.
-Xīngqīsān yǒu jītàng chē?
+好久不見，您出門了吧？
 
-5. Wǒ xīwang míngtiān líkāi zhèr.
-Míngtiān yǒu Jītàng chē?
+I haven’t seen you for a long time, You have been away, I suppose?
 
-6. Wǒ xīwang Jīntiān shàngwǔ líkāi
-zhèr. Shàngwǔ yǒu meiyou
-chē?
+A: Shì a, wǒ yòu dào Guǎngzhōu qu le.
 
-7. Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīwǔ líkāi zhèr.
-Xīngqīwǔ yǒu Jītàng chē?
+是啊，我又到廣州去了。
 
-You: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.
-Xiàwǔ yǒu Jītàng chē?
+Yes, I went to Guǎngzhōu again.
 
-(I hope to leave here in the
-afternoon. How many trains
-are there in the afternoon?)
+2. B: Nín wèishénme gāng huílai, yòu qù le ne?
 
-Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr. Xiàwǔ
-yǒu meiyou chē?
+您爲什麽剛回來，又去了呢？
 
-Wǒ xīwang wǎnshang líkāi zhèr.
-Wǎnshang yǒu Jītàng chē?
+Why did you go again when you had just come back from there?
 
-Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīsān líkāi zhèr.
-Xīngqīsān yǒu Jītàng chē?
+A: Wǒ zhèicì dào Guǎngzhōu qù shi yīnwei wǒ yǒu yige hěn hǎode péngyou cóng Xiānggǎng lái.
 
-Wǒ xīwang míngtiān líkāi zhèr.
-Míngtiān yǒu Jītàng chē?
+我這次到廣州去是因爲我有一個很好的朋友從香港來。
 
-Wǒ xīwang Jīntiān shàngwǔ líkāi zhèr.
-Shàngwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?
+This time I went to Guǎngzhōu because I had a very good friend coming there from Hong Kong.
 
-Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīwǔ líkāi zhèr.
-Xīngqīwǔ yǒu jītàng chē?
+3. A: Wǒmen yǒu yìnián méi jiàn le.
 
-UNIT 6
+我們有一年沒見了。
 
-REFERENCE LIST
+We had not seen each other for a year.
 
-(in Běijīng)
+A: Tā qǐng wo péi ta yìqǐ qù lǚxíng.
 
-1, A: Jidiǎn zhong kāi?
+她請我陪她一起去旅行。
 
-B: Shíbādiǎn wǔshiwǔfēn fā chē.
+She asked me to accompany her (in her) travels.
 
-A: Nà hǎo.
+4. A: Sānge yuè yǐqián wǒ zài Guǎngzhōu, nèige shíhou tā hái bù zhīdào néng bu néng lái.
 
-2. B: Qǐng ni bǎ nīde hùzhào he
-lǚxíngzhèng gěi wo.
+三個月以前我在廣州，那個時候她還不知道能不能來。
 
-A: Hǎo, gěi ni.
+Three months ago, when I was in Guǎngzhōu, she didn’t know yet whether she would be able to come or not.
+
+5. B: Nǐmen dōu qùguo shénme dìfang?
 
-3. A: Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài
-dìjī zhàntǎi?
+你們都去過什麽地方？
 
-B: Zài dìyī zhàntǎi.
+What places did you go to?
 
-4. B: Bú yòng jí. Hǎi zǎo ne.
+A: Nánjīng, Shànghǎi, Hángzhōu, Sūzhōu, dōu qù le. Hángzhōu zhēn shi piàoliang.
 
-B: Nǐ xiān zài zhèige Jiēdàishì
-xiūxìxiuxi.
+南京，上海，杭州，蘇州，都去了。杭州真是漂亮。
 
-5 • A:
+We went to Nánjīng, Shànghǎi, Hángzhōu, and Sūzhōu. Hángzhōu is really beautiful.
 
-Wo zhèijiàn xíngli zěnme
-bàn? Shi bu shi kěyi
-nǎshang chē qu?
+6. A: Yǒu jīhui wǒ yào zài qù yícì.
 
-B: Kěyi bǎ xíngli nǎshang chē
+有機會我要再去幾次。
 
-qu.
+If I have the chance, I would like to go again.
 
-6. A: Zhèibān chē yǒu cānchē ba?
+7. A: Zhèixiě dìfang nǐ dōu qùguo le ba?
 
-B: You. You Zhōngcān, yě you
-Xīcan.
+這些地方你都去過了吧。
 
-A: Hǎojíle.
+You have gone to all those places, I suppose?
 
-7. C: Xià yízhàn jiù shi Shànghǎi
-le.
+B: Méi dōu qùguo. Wǒ hái méi qùguo Sūzhōu.
 
-C: Kuài yào dào zhàn le.
+沒都去過。我還沒去過蘇州。
 
-C: Nín zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
+I haven’t been to all of them. I still haven’t been to Sūzhōu.
 
-What time does it leave?
+[118]
 
-It departs at 1855.
+8. huí guó
 
-That’s fine.
+回國
+
+to return to one’s native country
 
-Please give me your passport and
-travel permit.
+9. huí jiā
 
-Okay, here it is.
+回家
+
+to come/go home
 
-On which platform is the train to
-Shànghǎi?
+10. huíqu
 
-It's on Platform Number 1.
+回去
 
-No need to be anxious. It’s still
-early.
+to go back
 
-First, rest a bit in this waiting
-room.
+ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
+(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
 
-What should I do about this
-suitcase of mine? May I take it
-onto the train?
+11. rènao
 
-You may take the suitcase onto the
-train.
+熱鬧
 
-This train has a dining car, I
-suppose?
+to be lively/bustling/noisy
 
-Yes. There's Chinese food and
-there’s also Western food.
+12. yǒu yìsi
 
-Great.
+有意思
 
-The next station is Shànghǎi.
+to be interesting
+
+13. méi(yǒu) yìsi
 
-We are about to arrive at the
-station.
+沒(有)意思
 
-Please get ready to get off the
-train.
+to be uninteresting
 
-ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
-(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+14. suǒyǐ (suóyi)
 
-8. ban  to move
-9. náshangqu náshanglai náxiaqu náxialai    to take up  to bring up to take down to bring down
-10. pǎo to run
-11. wan to be late
-12. yuètái  train platform (alternate word for zhàntái. more ccrnmon in Taiwan)
+所以
+
+therefore, so
+
+[119]
 
 VOCABULARY
 
-ban bàn to move (e.g., furniture) (new house) to handle, to manage, to do
-cānchē  dining car
-fā chē  to depart (from the first terminal of a train route)
-hǎojíle he hùzhào   to be wonderful, to be great and  passport
-Jí  jiēdàishì (jiēdàishī)  -jíle    to be anxious waiting room extremely, awfully
-kāi kuài    to leave soon
-lǚxíngzhèng travel permit
-nā náshanglai náshangqu níxialai naxiaqu    to pick up, to hold, to take to bring up  to take up  to bring down  to take down
-pǎo to run
-wan to be late
+chū mén (chū ménr)
 
-Xīcān   Western food
+出門 (出門兒)
 
-xiūxi   to rest, to relax
+to go out, to go away from home, to go out of town
 
-yào
-yuètái
+gāng
 
-zǎo
-zhàntai
-Zhōngcān
-zhǔnbèi
+剛
 
-will, going to
-train platform
+only a short while ago, just
 
-to be early
-train platform
-Chinese food
-to prepare, to get ready
+Hángzhōu
 
-(introduced on C-2 tape)
-bang
-bú yào
-láilai wǎngwǎng
-qídianzhàn
+杭州
 
-shūfu
+(a city in Zhèjiang Province in the PRC, formerly spelled Hangchow)
 
-to help
+hǎo jiǔ
 
-don’t
+好久
 
-coming and going
+a long time
 
-station where a train originates
+huí
 
-(literally, “starting station")
+回
 
-to be comfortable
+to return to, to go back to
 
-Train from GuMngzhōu at the entrance to China
+huí guó
 
-REFERENCE NOTES
+回國
 
-1. A: Jīdiǎn zhōng kāi? What time does it leave?
+to return to one’s native country
 
-B: Shíhādiǎn wǔshiwǔfēn fā chē. It departs at 1855.
+huí jiā
 
-A: Nà hǎo.  That’s fine.
+回家
 
-Note on No. 1
+to return home
 
-Kāi and fā chē: When referring to trains, the verb kāi, “to start,”
-means “to start off” or “to leave.” The technical term fā chē, “to send
-out the train,” is used in reference to a train which is departing from
-the terminal at the beginning of a trip, or line.
+huílai
 
-2. B: Qǐng ni bǎ nīde hùzhào he
-lùxíngzhèng gěi wo.
+回來
 
-A: Hǎo, gěi ni.
+to come back
 
-Please give me your passport and
-travel permit.
+huíqu        to return to one’s native country
 
-Okay, here it is.
+回去
 
-Notes on No. 2
+to go back
 
-He, “and,” is a common alternate to gēn. Both he and gēn are used as
-“and” between nouns.
+jiàn
 
-Bǎ nīde hùzhào...: The prepositional verb bǎ points out the direct
-objects (passport and travel permit) and brings those objects to the
-beginning of the sentence, preceding the main verb. Without this con-
-struction, a “traffic jam” of sentence elements would follow that verb.
+見
 
-3. A: Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài
-dìjī zhàntǎi?
+to meet, to see
 
-B: Zài dìyī zhàntǎi.
+jīhui
 
-On which platform is the train
-to Shànghǎi?
+機會
 
-It’s on Platform Number 1.
+opportunity, chance
 
-4. B: Bú yòng jí. Hái zao ne.
+méi(yǒu) yìsi
 
-B: Ni xiān zài zhèige jiēdàishì
-xiūxixiuxi.
+沒(有)意思
 
-No need to be anxious. It's still
-early.
+to be uninteresting
 
-First, rest a bit in this -waiting
-room.
+néng
 
-Notes on No. U
+能
 
-In exchange 4, the aspect marker ne emphasizes that there has been no
-change in the situation.
+can; to be able to
 
-Tā zài zhèr ne. He is here.
+péi
 
-When the adverb hái, “still,” “yet,” is used, the sentence very often
-ends with the marker ne.
+陪
 
-Míngtiān wǒ hái bù zou ne. I am not leaving tomorrow (yet),
-(i.e., I will still be here
-tomorrow.)
+to accompany
 
-Verb reduplication: In Unit 3 of the Money Module, yǒu learned that
-reduplication is one way to indicate ASPECT, although markers are more
-common. INDEFINITENESS is the aspect expressed when an action verb is
-reduplicated. The speaker does not commit himself to the duration or
-extent of the action.
+piàoliang
 
-In the last sentence of No. the speaker asks the listener to “rest
-a bit.” Instead of using additional words to indicate a short duration,
-the speaker reduplicates the verb, xiūxi, expressing some duration, but
-of no particular limit.
+漂亮
 
-To reduplicate a two-syllable verb, simply repeat the whole verb. The
-repetition is unstressed, or even toneless: xiūxixiuxi
+to be beautiful
 
-Xiān: Since this use of “first” is not followed by an explicit
-“afterwards,” xiān might also be translated as “for the time being”
-or “right now.”
+qǐng
 
-Wǒ xiān zou le, nǐmen mànmānr Right now I’m going to excuse
-chī ba. myself; yǒu take your time
+請
 
-eating.
+to request, to invite
 
-Nǐ xiān bié jí, mànmānr zhǎo. For the time being, don’t be
-anxious; take your time looking
-for it.
+rènao
 
-5. A: Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli zenme ban?
-Shi bu shi kéyi náshang
-chē qu?
+熱鬧
 
-B: Kéyi bǎ xíngli náshang
-chē qu.
+to be lively/bustling/noisy
 
-What do I do about this suitcase
-of mine? May I take it onto
-the train?
+suǒyǐ (suóyi)
 
-You may take the suitcase onto
-the train.
+所以 (所以)
 
-Notes on No. 5
+therefore, so
 
-Zenme bàn means something like “how should Csomething] be managed” or
-“what should be done Cabout something].”
+Sūzhōu
 
-, Náshang chē qu, “take onto the train,” is a COMPOUND VERB OF DIRECTION
-which has been separated by a noun object. Ná is the verb “to pick up,”
-“to hold,” “to take,” “to bring.” The directional endings -shàng, “up,”
-“onto,"* and qù, “to go,” tell yǒu that the action takes place up and
-away from the speaker.
+蘇州
 
-ná  shang   qu
-(hold   up/onto away)
+(a city in Jiāngsū Province in the PRC, formerly spelled Soochow)
 
-take up/onto”
+wèishénme
 
-Compound verbs of direction are easily formed, as shown in the chart below.
-The first column contains action verbs yǒu have learned which may be used.
-The endings in the middle column are relatively few. For the second part
-of the directional ending, only lái and qù may be used.
+爲什麽
 
-ACTION  Plus    BISECTION
-ná (to carry)   -shàng  (up)    lái (towards)
-zǒu (to walk/go) ban (to move) pǎo (to run) kāi (to drive) (AND OTHERS) -xià -chū -J in -huí    (down)  qù  (away)  (out)  (in)  (back)
+why
 
-Compound verbs of direction may be two or three syllables: chūqu, “to go
-out"; zǒuchuqu, “to walk out”
+yīnwei
 
-*You have seen shàng
-shàng 16u
-shàng chē
-shàngbianr
-shàngge yuè
-zài chēshang
-náshangqu
+因爲
 
-used as several different parts of speech:
+because
 
-to go up (FULL verb)
+yìqǐ
 
-to get on
+一起
 
-upper, above (IN PLACE WORDS)
+together, along with
 
-last, previously (SPECIFIER)
+yòu
 
-on (LOCATIONAL ENDING Cwith nouns!)
+又
 
-up, onto (DIRECTIONAL ENDING Cwith verbs!)
+again
 
-It is possible to split up a two-part directional ending by placing an
-object or location before the final lái or qù.
+yǒu yìsi
 
-náshang chē qu  take onto the train/bus
+有意思
 
-náchu yìběn shū lai bring out a book
+(with completed actions) to be interesting
 
-xià lóu qu  go downstairs
+zài
 
-A direct object (such as nèiběn shū) may be placed EITHER at the beginning
-of a sentence, using bǎ, OR later in the sentence, splitting up the direc-
-tional ending. Locations which are the goal of the action (such as chē
-and lou above) MUST be placed between the two parts of the directional
-ending.
+再
 
-Bǎ xíngli náshang chē qu: In the last sentence of exchange 5, the
-direct object, xíngli, is placed before the verb. The location of the
-action, chē, is placed before the final qu. When both a location and
-a direct object occur in a sentence with a multisyllabic directional
-verb, the location is placed between the two syllables of the directional
-ending, and the direct object is moved closer to the beginning of the
-sentence.
+again (with uncompleted actions)
 
-6. A: Zhèibān chē yǒu cānchē ba?
+[120]
 
-B: lou. You Zhōngcān, yě you
-Xīcān.
+(introduced on C-2 and P-2 tapes)
 
-A: Haojíle.
+huār kāile
 
-This train has a dining car, I
-suppose?
+花兒開了
 
-Yes. There’s Chinese food and
-there’s also Western food.
+the flowers have bloomed (literally, “opened”)
 
-Great.
+jiānglái
 
-Note on No. 6
+將來
 
-The ending -jíle, meaning “extremely,” “awfully,” may be added to
-adjectival verbs.
+in the future
 
-Nèige píngguo dàjíle.   That apple is huge.
+shōudao
 
-ZuB huǒchē fāngbianjíle.    Riding the train is extremely
+收到
 
-convenient.
+to receive
 
-Tā zǒude kuàijíle.  He walks awfully fast.
+yǒumíngde dìfang
 
--jíle is seldom used in Taiwan.
+有名的地方
 
-7. C: Xià yízhàn Jiù shi
-Shànghǎi le.
+famous place
 
-C: Kuài yào dào zhàn le.
+zuìjìn
 
-C: Nín zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
+最近
 
-The next station is Shànghǎi.
+recently
 
-We are about to arrive at the
-station.
+Běijīng Workers’ Stadium
 
-Please get ready to get off the
-train.
+[121]
 
-Notes on No. 7
+REFERENCE NOTES
 
-Kuài means “soon” in the second sentence of exchange 7> You have
-already learned another meaning for kuài: “to be fast”
+1. B: Hǎo jiǔ méi jiàn, nín chū mén le ba?
 
-In the sentence Kuài yào dào zhàn le, yào is an auxiliary verb meaning
-’’will” or “to be going to.” Other meanings yǒu have learned for yào are
-“to want,” “to need,” “to have to,” “to require.”
+好久不見，您出門了吧？
 
-New-sitnation le: The aspect marker le for new situations occurs in
-the first two sentences of No. 7- In Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Shànghǎi le, the
-speaker uses le to communicate a change in the circumstances: after
-passing through many stations, Shànghǎi will finally be the next station.
+I haven’t seen you for a long time, You have been away, I suppose?
 
-When a speaker uses le, he is saying that something has changed in
-reference to him or in reference to the listener. In the first sentence
-in No. 7, Shànghǎi itself has not changed, but what constitutes the “next
-station” for the speaker and the listener has changed.
+A: Shì a, wǒ yòu dào Guǎngzhōu qu le.
 
-In Kuài yào dào zhàn le, new-situation le marks a change which is about to
-take place—their arrival. Here are examples of references to future
-changes:
+是啊，我又到廣州去了。
 
-Tā míngnián Jiù shísuì le. He will be ten (years old) next year.
+Yes, I went to Guǎngzhōu again.
 
-Wǒ zǒu le.  I’m leaving now. (I’ll be leaving
+Notes on No. 1
 
-now.)
+Hǎo jiǔ, “very long”: In this phrase, the word hǎo means “very.” Some additional examples of this use of hǎo are
 
-Piào kuài yào màiwán le. The tickets will soon be sold out.
+hǎo dà
 
-Many speakers of English have trouble with new-situation le because they
-would not think of using it when the Chinese do. Take note of situations
-which the Chinese consider to be changes, and try to use new-situation le
-in your speech.
+好大
 
-DRILLS
+very large
 
-A. Expansion Drill
+hǎo duō rén
 
-1. Speaker: JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  (cue) huǒchē  (What time does it leave?)  2.    JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  gōnglùjúde chě  3.   JīdiSn zhōng kai? gōnggSng qìchē  4. JīdiSn zhōng kāi? zhídáchē  5. JīdiSn zhōng kāi? tèkuài  6.    JīdiSn zhōng kāi mén?  yínháng  7. JīdiSn zhōng kāi men? yōuzhèngjú  B.    Response Drill  1. Speaker: Zuò sìdiSn zhōngde chē, láidejí ma?  (cue) no  (Can we make the four o’clock train?)  OR   Zuò sìdiSn zhōngde chē,  laidejí ma?  (cue) yes  (Can we make the four o’clock train?)  2. Zuò JiǔdiSn èrshifēnde chē, láidejí ma? no  3. Zuò shídiSn wǔshifēnde chē, láidejí ma? yes You? Nèibān huǒchē JīdiSn zhōng kāi? (What time does that train leave?)  Nèibān gōnglùjúde chē JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  Nèibān gōnggòng qìchē JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  Nèibān zhídáchē JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  Nèibān tèkuài JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  Nèige yínháng JīdiSn zhōng kāi men?  Nèige yōuzhèngjú JīdiSn zhōng kāi men?  You? Láibují, yǐjīng wSn le.  (We can’t make it; we are already late.)  Láidejf, hái zǎo ne.  (Don’t worry. It’s still early.)  Láibují, yǐjīng wSn le.  Lāidejí, hái zǎo ne.
+好多人
 
-TRN, Unit 6
+a good many people
 
-4. Zuò qīdiǎn wushifēnde chē, láidejí ma? no  5.    Zuò sìdiǎn língwufēnde chē, láidejí ma? yes  6. Zuò liǎngdiǎn língbāfēnde chē, láidejí ma?  no  C. Expansion Drill  1. Speaker: Zài dìjl zhàntái? (cue) Shànghǎi  (On which platform is it?)  2.   Zài dìsān zhàntái.  Nánjīng  3. Zài dìjl zhàntái?   Guǎngzhōu  4.   Zài dìSr    zhàntái.    TianJIn  5. Zài dìjl    zhàntái?    Qīngdǎo  6. Zài dìyī    zhàntái.    Hángzhōu  7.    Zài dìjl    zhàntái?    Běijīng  D. Substitution Drill  1. Speaker: Duìbuqǐ, wō dēi zài zhèr xiūxixiuxi. (cue) zhèige dìfang  (Excuse me, I must rest here a moment.)   Láibují, yǐjīng wan le.  Láidejí, hái zǎo ne.  Láibují, yǐjīng wan le.  You: Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài dìjl zhàntái?  (On which platform is the train to Shànghǎi?)  Dào Nánjīng qùde chē zài dìsān zhàntái.  Dào GuSngzhōu qùde chē zài dìjl zhàntái?  Dào Tianjin qùde chē zài dìèr zhàntái.  Dào Qīngdǎo qùde chē zài dìjl zhàntái?  Dào Hángzhōu qùde chē zài dìyī zhàntái.  Dào Běijīng qùde chē zài dìjl zhàntái?  You: Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài zhèige dìfang xiūxixiuxi.  (Excuse me, I must rest at this place a moment.)
+hǎo jitiān
 
-2. Duibuqi, wo děi zài zhèige
-dìfang xiūxixiuxi. jiāli
+好幾天
 
-3. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài jiāli xiūxi-
-xiuxi. fàndiànli
+quite a few days
 
-4. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài fàndiànli
-xiūxixiuxi. chēli
+Persons from Taiwan frequently use hǎo, “very,” before another hǎo, as in Hǎo hǎowan! “What fun.”’ and Hǎo hǎochī! “Delicious!” Speakers from Běijīng think that this repetition of hǎo sounds bad.
 
-5. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài chēli xiūxi-
-xiuxi . j iēdàishi
+The verb jiàn means “to see someone” in the sense of “to visit/talk with someone.” The verb kànjian is used for “to see” in the sense of “to perceive an object.”
 
-6. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài Jiēdàishì
-xiūxixiuxi. zhèr
+Chū mén means “to go out,” “to go away from home,” “to go out of town”; literally, “to go out the door.”
 
-7. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài zhèr xiūxi-
-xiuxi.
+Yòu is the word for “again” which is used with completed actions. (See notes on No. 6 for “again” with actions that have not been completed.)
 
-Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiaxi.  zài jiāli xiūxi-
-Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiūxixiuxi. zài fàndiànli
-Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiuxi.  zài chēli xiūxi-
-Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiūxixiuxi. zài jiēdàishì
-Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiuxi.  zài zhèr xiuxi-
+Òu, nǐ yòu lái le!
 
-E. Expansion Drill
+哦，你又來了！
 
-Repeat the speaker’s statements and add Zěme ban? or Zěme zǒu? as
+Oh, yǒu have come again!
 
-appropriate.
+Qìshuǐ yòu méiyou le.
 
-1. Speaker： Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli hái
-zài zhèr.
+汽水又沒有了。
 
-(This suitcase of mine
-is still here.)
+We are out of soda again.
 
-OR Tā yào dào nàr qù.
+Tā zuótiān méi shàng kè. Jīntiān yòu méi shàng kè.
 
-(He wants to go there.)
+他昨天沒上課。今天又沒上課。
 
-2. Wo zhèixiē dōngxi hái zài zhèr.
+Yesterday he didn’t attend class. Today, again, he didn’t attend class.
 
-3. Tǎ yào dào Wangfǔjlng Dàjiē qù.
+[122]
 
-4. Wǒ nèixiē xíngli hái zài
-chēshang.
+2. B: Nín wèishénme gāng huílai, yòu qù le ne?
 
-5. Tā yào dào Shànghǎi qù.
+您爲什麽剛回來，又去了呢？
+
+Why did you go again when you had just come back from there?
 
-6. Wǒ zhèixiē zázhì hái měi màiwán.
+A: Wǒ zhèicì dào Guǎngzhōu qù shi yīnwei wǒ yǒu yige hěn hǎode péngyou cóng Xiānggǎng lái.
 
-You： Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli hái zài
-zhèr. Zěnme bàn?
+我這次到廣州去是因爲我有一個很好的朋友從香港來。
 
-(This suitcase of mine is still
-here. What should I do about
-it?)
+This time I went to Guǎngzhōu because I had a very good friend coming there from Hong Kong.
 
-Tā yào dào nàr qù. Zěnme zǒu?
+Notes on No. 2
 
-(He wants to go there. How
-do I get there Cgol?)
+Wèishénme, “why,” follows the subject in the first sentence of exchange 2. This question word usually occurs in that position. (In English, “why” always precedes the subject.)
 
-Wo zhèixiē dōngxi hái zài zhèr.
+Nǐ  wèishénme   yòu qù le ne?
 
-Zěnme bàn?
+你  爲什麽        又去了嗎？
 
-Tā yào dào Wángfùjīng Dàjiē qù.
+    (Why        did you go again?)
 
-Zěnme zǒu?
+Sometimes wèishénme precedes the subject of a sentence:
 
-Wǒ nèixiē xíngli hái zài chēshang.
-Zěme bàn?
+Wèishénme   tā  méi qù?
 
-Tā yào dào Shànghǎi qù. Zěnme zǒu?
+爲什麽       他   沒去？
 
-Wǒ zhèixiē zázhì hái měi màiwán.
+Tā  wèishénme   méi qù?
 
-Zěme bàn?
+他   爲什麽       沒去？
 
-F. Response Drill
+“Why didn’t he go?”
 
-1. Speaker: Tāmen yǒu Zhōngcān
-háishi Xīcān?
-(cue) yě
+Gāng, “only a short while ago,” “just”: The first sentence in the exchange could also be translated as “Why, having just come back from there, did you go again?”
 
-(Do they have Chinese
-food or Western food?)
+The adverb gāng is used in sentences describing something that has just been done, in other words, completed action. But notice that the marker le for completion is not used here. The marker le is added when the focus is on whether or not the action has been performed, not on when or how it was performed. Gāng is often used in sentences emphasizing the recentness of an action, not the fact that it was done; therefore le is not used.
 
-OR Tāmen yào zhèige háishi
-nèige?
+Nǐ shi shénme shíhou láide?
 
-(cue) dōu
+你是什麽時候來的？
 
-(Do they want this or
-that?)
+When did you come here?
 
-You: Tāmen yǒu Zhōngcǎn, yě you
-Xīcān.
+Gāng lái.
 
-(They have Chinese food and
-they also have Western food.)
+剛來，
 
-Zhèige, nèige, tāmen dōu yào.
+I Just got here.
 
-(They want both this and that.)
+Nǐ mèimei zài bu zài?
 
-2. Nīmen mǎi zhuōzi háishi yīzi?
-yě
+你妹妹在不在？
 
-3. Nīmen mǎi pánzi háishi van?
-dōu
+Is your little sister here?
 
-4. Tāmen mǎi zhèige hongde háishi
-nèige lánde? dōu
+Tā gāng zǒu.
 
-5. Tāmen kàn zhèixiē zázhì háishi
-nèixiē bào? ye
+她剛走。
 
-6. Nǐ niàn JīngJixué háishi
-zhèngzhixué? yǎ
+She just left.
 
-Wǒmen mǎi zhuōzi, yě mǎi yīzi.
+Huí, “to return,” “to go back”: Like chū, “to go out,” and jìn, “to enter,” huí must be followed by either a place word or a directional ending.
 
-Pánzi, wan, wōmen dōu mǎi.
+huí Běijīng
 
-Hōngde, lánde, tāmen dōu mǎi.
+回北京
 
-Tāmen kàn zhèixiē zázhì, yě kàn
-nèixiē bào.
+to return to Běijīng
 
-Wō niàn JīngJixué, yě niàn
-zhèngzhixué.
+huíguó
 
-G. Expansion Drill
+回國
 
-1. Speaker: Kuài yào dào zhàn le.
+to return to one’s native country
 
-(We are about to arrive
-at the station.)
+huíjiā
 
-You: Kuài yào dào zhàn le. Wǒmen
-zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
+回家
 
-(We are about to arrive at the
-station. Let’s get ready
-to get off.)
+to return home
 
-2. Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Běijīng le.
+huílai
 
-3. Kuài yào dào Tiānjīn le.
+回來
 
-4. Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Nánjīng le.
+to come back
 
-Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Běijīng le.
-Wǒmen zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
+huíqu
 
-Kuài yào dào Tiānjīn le. Wǒmen
-zhunbèi xià chē ba.
+回去
 
-Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Nánjīng le.
-Wǒmen zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.
+to go back
 
-5. Kuài yào dào Hángzhōu le.
+[123]
 
-6. Xià yízhàn jiù shi Shànghǎi le.
+The meaning of huílai is not as broad as that of the English translation “to come back,” which has two meanings: 1) to come from someplace else to the original place (“He leaves for work at eight and doesn’t come back till six.”) and 2) to come another time (“Mr. Wang isn’t in today; come back tomorrow.”) Huílai means “to return to a particular place.” To say “to come another time” in Chinese, you would use an adverb meaning “again” and the verb lái. For example,
 
-7. Kuài yào dào Guǎngzhōu le.
+Wáng Xiānsheng jīntiān bú zài, qǐng ni míngtiān zài lái.
 
-Kuài yào dào Hángzhōu le. Women
-zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
+王先生今天不在，請你明天來。
 
-Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Shànghǎi le.
-Women zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
+Mr. Wang isn’t in today; please come back tomorrow.
 
-Kuài yào dào Guǎngzhōu le. Women
-zhùnbèi xià chē ba.
+Nèige rén zuótiān yòu lái zhǎo ni, nǐ bú zài.
 
-H. Expansion Drill
+那個人昨天又來找你，你不在。
 
-1. Speaker:     Tā kéyi náshànglái ma?  (cue) chē  (Can he bring it?)
-2. Tā   kéyi    náxiàlái ma?    lǒu
-3. Tā   kéyi    náshàngqù ma?   huochē
-4. Tā   kéyi náshànglái ma?     lǒu
-5. Tā   kéyi    náxiàqù ma? chē
-6. Tā   kéyi    náxiàlái ma?    huǒchē
-7. Tā   kéyi    náshàngqù ma?   lǒu
+That guy came back looking for you yesterday, but you were out.
 
-You: Tā kéyi náshàng chē lái ma?
+Ne: Because of the question word wèishénme, “why,” the first sentence in exchange 2 is clearly a question. The marker ne is not needed to indicate a question, but does give an added ring of inquisitiveness to the sentence. Questions ending in ne often seem to be asking for definite answers.
 
-(Can he bring it in the car?)
+Yīnwei, “because”: Here are some simpler sentences containing yīnwei:
 
-Tā kéyi náxià lǒu lái ma?
+Nǐ wèishénme méi lái?
 
-Tā kéyi náshàng huǒchē qù ma?
+你爲什麽沒來？
 
-Tā kéyi náshàng lǒu lái ma?
+Why didn’t you come?
 
-Tā kéyi náxià chē qù ma?
+Yīnwei wǒ hěn máng.
 
-Tā kéyi náxià huǒchē lái ma?
+因爲我很忙。
 
-Tā kéyi náshàng lǒu qù ma?
+Because I was very busy.
 
-UNIT 1
+Nǐ wèishénme láiwǎn le?
 
-REFERENCE LIST
+你爲什麽來晚了？
 
-(in Běijīng)
+Why did you come late?
 
-1. A: Lao SBng, zěnmeyàng?
-Mang ne?
+Yīnwei wǒ zǒucuò le.
 
-B:  Bù zenme màng.
+因爲我走錯了。
 
-Ni yǒu shi ma?
+Because I made a wrong turn.
 
-2. A: Wo SÌyue Shísìhào yào dào
-Guǎngzhōu qù. Qǐng ni
-gěi wo ding yìzhāng fēijī
-piào.
+Nǐ wèishénme yòu qù le?
 
-B:  Hǎo
+你爲什麽又去了？
 
-3. B: Piào dìnghǎo le.
+Why did you go again?
 
-A:  Neibān fēijī?
-Jīdiǎn zhong qīfēi?
+Yīnwei wǒde péngyou cóng Xiānggǎng lái.
 
-B:  Jiǔdiǎn shiwǔfēn qīfēi.
+因爲我的朋友從香港來。
 
-k. A: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi
-Guǎngzhōu ma?
+Because my friend was coming from Hong Kong.
 
-B:  Shi, zhí fēi Guǎngzhōu.
+The word order in the second sentence of exchange 2 may be described in terms of a pattern:
 
-5. A: Cǒng Sǎnlītǔn dào fēijīchǎng
-yào duōshao shíjiān?
+SENTENCE shi yīnwei SENTENCE
 
-B:  Yào sìshifēn zhōng.
+因爲
 
-6. A: Rǔguo wǒ bādiǎn zhōng líkāi
-Jiā, láidejí ba?
+Wǒ zhèicì dào Guǎngzhōu qù
 
-B:  Lāidejí.
+我這次到廣州去
 
-7. A: Qǐng ni míngtiān zǎoshang
-pài ge chē lāi jiē wo.
+wǒ yǒu yige hěn hǎode péngyou cóng Xiānggǎng lái.
 
-B:  Hǎo. Wo míngtiān bādiǎn
-zhōng pài chē song ni dào
-fēijīchǎng qu.
+我有一個很好的朋友從香港來。
 
-Sōng, how are things going?
+The phrase hěn hǎode péngyou contains the marker of modification -de. The modifying phrase ADVERB + ADJECTIVAL VERB (e.g., zuì xiǎo, tài gāo) is followed by -de. Therefore hǎo péngyou does not need -de, but hen hǎode péngyou does.
 
-Are yǒu busy?
+The verb yǒu is translated in the past tense in the second sentence of this exchange: “I HAD a . . . friend coming.” Notice that there is no completed-action marker in the sentence. Yǒu cannot be used with a completed-action marker because it is a STATE verb, not an action verb. (See notes on Nos. 7-8 in BIO, Unit 8, and on No. 4 in this unit.)
 
-Not especially busy.
+[124]
 
-Can I do something for you?
+3. A: Wǒmen yǒu yìnián méi jiàn le.
 
-I’m going to Guǎngzhōu on April 14.
-Please reserve a plane ticket for
-me.
+我們有一年沒見了。
 
-Sure.
+We had not seen each other for a year.
 
-The ticket has been reserved.
+A: Tā qǐng wo péi ta yìqǐ qù lǚxíng.
+
+她請我陪她一起去旅行。
+
+She asked me to accompany her (in her) travels.
+
+Notes on No. 3
+
+Yǒu yìnián méi: To state the period of time within which something has not happened, place the amount of time in front of the negative and the verb. The verb yǒu may be placed in front of the amount of time.
+
+Wǒmen       (yǒu)           sānnián    méi jiàn le.
+
+我們          有             三年        沒見了。
+
+(as for us  there have been 3 years    haven’t met)
+
+“We haven’t seen each other for three years.”
+
+In this example, new-situation le might be translated as “as of now.”
+
+When you are talking about a period of time within which something will not happen, the same pattern is used, but yǒu may NOT be added:
+
+Wǒ  liǎngtiān   bù chīfan.
+
+我     兩天        不吃飯。
+
+“I’m not going to eat for two days.”
+
+The verb qǐng, which you have already learned as “please,” means “to request [that a person do something]” or “to invite.” Normally, when you qǐng someone to take a trip or to go out, you are saying that you will pay all expenses.
+
+4. A: Sānge yuè yǐqián wǒ zài Guǎngzhōu, nèige shíhou tā hái bù zhīdào néng bu néng lái.
+
+三個月以前我在廣州，那個時候她還不知道能不能來。
+
+Three months ago, when I was in Guǎngzhōu, she didn’t know yet whether she would be able to come or not.
+
+Notes on No. 4
+
+Yǐqián, “ago”: You have already seen yǐqián used after a phrase to mean “before.”
+
+Wǒ shàng bān yǐqián, wo mǎi diǎnr chīde.
+
+我上班以前，我買點兒吃的。
+
+Before I start work, I will buy something to eat.
+
+[125]
+
+In No. 4, yǐqián is used after an amount of time to mean “ago.”
 
-Which flight? What time does it
-take off?
+Liǎngnián yǐqián, wǒ méiyou qìchē.
 
-It takes off at 9:15.
+兩年以前，我沒有汽車。
 
-Does this flight go directly to
-Guǎngzhōu?
+Two years ago, I didn’t have a car.
 
-Yes, it flies directly to Guǎngzhōu.
+Néng, “can,” “to be able to,” “to be capable of”: The most general word in Chinese for “to be able to” is néng. The meanings of néng and kéyi “to be permitted by someone” or “permissible according to some rules or conventions,” overlap.
 
-How much time does it take to go
-from Sānlǐtún to the airport?
+Nèige shíhou tā hái bù zhīdào: The negative is bù, even though the sentence refers to the past. The negative méi cannot be used here because it is the negative of completed action. The verb zhīdao, like the verb you and adjectival verbs such as hǎo, is a state verb and cannot be thought of as completed.
 
-It takes forty minutes.
+Since the negative of a state verb is the same in the present and past tenses, the intended time must be discovered from the context. One reason for using nèige shíhou in No. 4 is to make the time reference very clear.
 
-If I leave home at eight o’clock,
-I can make it in time. Right?
+STATE VERBS include all adjectival verbs, auxiliary verbs, and a few other verbs. Here are some examples:
 
-Yes.
+STATE VERBS
 
-Please send a car to pick me up
-tomorrow morning.
+Adjectival Verbs
 
-Okay. I’ll send a car at eight
-o’clock tomorrow to take yǒu to
-the airport.
+dà
 
-ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
-(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+大
 
-8.  -hSo le
+xiǎo
 
-9. lǚguǎn
+小
 
-10. shuōhao le
+guì
 
-11. xianghǎo le
+貴
 
-12. yàoshi
+piányi
 
-13. zu&hXo le
+便宜
 
-to be satisfactorily completed
+kuài
 
-hotel
+快
 
-to have come to an agreement (about
-something); (something) has been
-agreed on
+màn
 
-to have reached a conclusion (about
-something); (something) has been
-thought out
+慢
 
-if (alternate word for rúguo)
+duō
 
-to have finished doing (something);
-(something) has been finished
+多
 
-VOCABULARY
+shǎo
 
-bù zěnme    not especially, not particularly
-ding dìnghǎo le to reserve  to have (been) reserved
-fēi fēijī fēijīchǎng    to fly airplane airport
-GuSngzhōu   (name of a city in the PRC—Canton)
--hao le to be satisfactorily completed
-Jiē to meet/pick up/get (someone)
-lǎo lǚguǎn  to be old in years hotel
-máng    to be busy
-pài to send/assign (a person to do something)
-qlfēi   to take off (airplane)
-rúguǒ (ruguo)   if
-Sānlltún    (a district in Běijīng where many Foreign diplomats and Chinése people from other countries live)
-shuohao le  to have come to an agreement (about something); (something) has been agreed on
-xiǎnghǎo le to have reached a conclusion (about something); (something) has been thought out
-yàoshi  if
-zhí  zuòhǎo le  directly  to have finished doing (something);  (something) has been finished
+少
 
-(introduced on C-2 tape)
+gāoxìng
 
-chū chāi
+高興
 
-chùzhǎng
+Auxiliaries
 
-gǎnbushàng
+huì
 
-hái hǎo
+會
 
-kāi huì
+kéyi
 
-to go on a business trip
-division chief
+可以
 
-won’t be able to catch (a plane,
-train, etc.)
+néng
 
-fairly good/well
+能
 
-to attend a meeting/conference
+děi
 
-Shànghǎi-made jeep and other vehicles in a parking lot outside the train
-station in Guǎngzhōu
+得
 
-REFERENCE NOTES
+bú bì
 
-1. A: Lǎo Song, zěnmeyàng? Mang
-ne?
+不必
 
-B: Bù zěnme máng. Nǐ yǒu shi
-ma?
+yào
 
-Song, how are things going? Are
-you busy?
+要
 
-Not especially busy. Can I do
-something for you?
+xiǎng
 
-Notes on No. 1
+想
 
-The greeting zěnmeyàng is more informal than nī hǎo a. Zěnmeyàng is
-used only if the two people already know each other.
+Others
 
-Mang ne? and Mang ma? are translated into English as “Are yǒu busy?”
-However, the two Chinese questions are not interchangeable. When a
-speaker asks the question Mang ma? he really wants to find out whether
-someone is busy. On the other hand, Mang ne? is an example of the Chinese
-custom of greeting a person by stating the obvious. The speaker is simply
-acknowledging the fact that the listener is busy. The question mark
-following Mang ne? shows that the speaker is inviting the listener to
-comment. You might think of Máng ne? as something like the English “Well,
-it looks like yǒu are working hard,” which invites a response like “Sure
-am” or “Oh, I’m really not doing much of anything.”
+shì
 
-Ne may be used in many sentences to comment on what the person being
-addressed is doing at the moment:
+是
 
-Chī fàn ne? Having dinner, I see?
+zài
 
-Zài zhèr ne?    Well, you’re here?
+在
 
-Mǎi dōngxi ne?  Doing some shopping, eh?
+yǒu
 
-These sentences are almost greetings in themselves.
+有
 
-The overall intonation of the question Mang ma? is higher than that of a
-statement. The intonation of Mang ne? is somewhat lower. Listen carefully
-to the tape.
+xìng
 
-Bù zěnme may precede a state verb,
-“not especially,” “not particularly.”
+姓
 
-Wǒ bù zěnme xīhuan nèiběn shū.
+jiào
 
-Wǒ bù zěnme qīngchu.
+叫
 
-Wǒ Jīntiān bù zěnme hǎo.
+zhīdao
 
-Tā bù zěnme yǒu qián.
+知道
 
-Wǒ bù zěnme xiǎng qù.
+xǐhuan
 
-Contrast bù zěnme with bú zenme, “not
+喜歡
 
-The expression would then mean
+Yījiǔsānyīnián dōngxi dōu bú guì.
 
-I don’t particularly like that book.
-I’m not particularly clear on this.
+一九三一年東西都不貴。
 
-(This isn’t very clear to me.)
-I’m not particularly well today.
-He's not especially rich.
+In 1931, everything was inexpensive.
 
-I don't especially want to go.
-as much as that":
+Wǒ zài Déguode shíhou bú huì shuō Déguo huà.
 
-Wǒ bú zenme xīhuan kàn diàn- I don't like to go to the movies that
-yīngr.  much, (i.e., as much as someone
+我在德國時候不會説德國話。
 
-else Just mentioned)
+When I was in Germany, I couldn’t speak German.
 
-Wǒ “bù zěnme xīhuan kàn diàn-
-yīngr.
+Wǒ yǐqián bù xǐhuan niàn shū.
 
-I don’t particularly like to go
-to the movies.
+我以前不喜歡念書。
 
-2. A: Wǒ Sìyue Shísìhào yào dào
-Guǎngzhōu qù. Qǐng ni
-gěi wo ding yìzhāng fēijī
-piào.
+Before, I didn’t like to study.
 
-B: Hǎo.
+Bù zhīdào néng bu néng lái, “didn’t know if she would be able to come”: The object of the verb zhīdao is a choice-type question, néng bu néng lái. Here are more examples of this usage:
 
-I’m going to Guǎngzhōu on April 14.
-Please reserve a plane ticket for
-me.
+Wǒ bù zhīdào hái yǒu méiyou.
 
-Sure.
+我不知道還有沒有。
 
-3. B: Piào dìnghǎo le.
+I don’t know if there are any left.
 
-A:  Něibān fēijī? Jīdiǎn zhōng
-qīfēi?
+Nǐ wènwen tā mǎile méiyou.
 
-B:  Jiǔdiǎn shíwǔfēn qīfēi.
+你問問他買了沒有。
 
-The ticket has been reserved.
+Ask him if he bought it.
 
-Which flight? What time does it
-take off?
+Wǒ xiǎng zhīdao tāmen lái bu lái.
 
-It takes off at 9:15.
+我想知道他們來不來。
 
-Note on No. 3
+I would like to know if they are coming or not.
 
-Dìnghǎo is a compound verb of result. When used as the final element
-in a compound verb of result, hǎo indicates that the action described by
-the initial verb has been brought to a successful conclusion.
+[126]
 
-The same form of the verb, dìnghǎo, is used to describe an object having
-something done to it and a person doing something to an object.
+English-speaking students of Chinese are often tempted to translate “if” as rúguǒ or yàoshi; to do so, however, is wrong. The following rule may help you remember to use a choice-type question: Whenever the “if” in an English sentence means “whether,” use a choice-type question in Chinese. For example, “I would like to know if they are coming” means “I would like to know whether they are coming”; therefore, in Chinese, you would use a choice-type question as the object of the verb zhīdao.
 
-Piào dìnghǎo le.    The ticket has been reserved.
+5. B: Nǐmen dōu qùguo shénme dìfang?
 
-Wo bǎ piào dìnghǎo le. I have reserved the ticket.
+你們都去過什麽地方？
 
-Here are additional examples of compounds with the result-ending -hǎo:
+What places did you go to?
 
-Women yǐjīng shuōhǎo le. We have already come to an agree-
-ment about it. (We have already
-talked it out to a conclusion.)
+A: Nánjīng, Shànghǎi, Hángzhōu, Sūzhōu, dōu qù le. Hángzhōu zhēn shi piàoliang.
 
-Nǐ xiǎnghǎo le meiyou? Have yǒu reached a conclusion yet?
-(Have yǒu thought it out to a
-conclusion yet?)
+南京，上海，杭州，蘇州，都去了。杭州真是漂亮。
 
-Wǒ yǐjīng bǎ jīntiān I have already finished making the
-wǎnshàng yào chide  things we are going to eat tonight,
+We went to Nánjīng, Shànghǎi, Hángzhōu, and Sūzhōu. Hángzhōu is really beautiful.
 
-dōngxi zuòhǎo le.
+Notes on No. 5
 
-Nīde xíngli zhǔnbèihǎo Is your luggage ready?
-le ma?
+Nǐmen dōu qùguo shénme dìfang? is ambiguous. It could mean either “What places did all of you go to?” or “What are all the places that you went to?”
 
-4. A: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi
-Guǎngzhōu ma?
+You already know that dōu may refer to an object when that object precedes the verb, in topic position. (See the second sentence in exchange 5.)
 
-B: Shi, zhí fēi GuSngzhōu.
+In this first sentence of the exchange, dōu is referring to an object which occurs after the verb. When an object includes a question word, it is not placed before dōu in the sentence.
 
-Does this flight go directly to
-GuSngzhōu?
+Tā dōu qùguo shénme dìfang?
 
-Yes, it flies directly to GuSngzhōu.
+他都去過什麽地方？
 
-Notes on No. U
+What are all the places that he went to?
 
-Zhèibān fēijī, “this flight”: In Chinese, the specifier zhèi- is used
-to refer to what has Just been talked about. In English, “that** and “the”
-are used for the same purpose.
+Tā dōu niànguo shénme shū?
 
-The adverb zhí is not used in as many situations as is its English
-translation, “directly,” “straight.” In other contexts, the word for
-“directly” or “direct” would be zhíjiē, and the word for “straight”
-would be yìzhí.
+他都念過什麽書？
 
-5. A: Cong Sānlǐtún dào fēijīchSng How much time does it take to go
-yào duōshao shíjiān?    from Sānlǐtún to the airport?
+What are all the books that she has read?
 
-B: Yào sìshifēn zhōng.  It takes forty minutes.
+Tā dōu mǎiguo shénme dōngxi?
 
-6. A: Rúguo wo bādiSn zhōng líkāi
-Jiā, láidejí ba?
+他都買過什麽東西？
 
-B: Lāidejí.
+What are all the things that he bought ?
 
-If I leave home at eight o’clock, I
-can make it in time. Right?
+The shi in Hángzhōu zhēn shi piàoliang has been added for emphasis. Shi is not required before adjectival verbs.
 
-Yes.
+[127]
 
-Note on No. 6
+6. A: Yǒu jīhui wǒ yào zài qù yícì.
 
-Rúguo is one of the commonest words in Chinese for “if.” Another
-widely used word for “if” is yàoshi. (See Additional Required Vocabulary,
-No. 12.) You have already learned that the idea of “if” may be conveyed
-in Chinese without any special word:
+有機會我要再去幾次。
 
-Zuò Gōnglùjú děi xiān mil If I take the bus, is it necessary
-piào ma?    to buy tickets ahead of time?
+If I have the chance, I would like to go again.
 
-BādiSn zhōng líkāi Jiā  If I leave home at eight o’clock,
+Notes on No. 6
 
-láidejí ba? I can make it in time. Right?
+The adverb zài means “again” in talking about actions that have not been completed. (This adverb was translated previously in your text as “then” in commands.)
 
-7. A: Qǐng ni míngtiān zǎoshang
-pài ge chē lai jiē wo.
+Míngtiān zài lái ba!
 
-B: Hǎo. Wǒ míngtiān bādiǎn
-zhōng pài chē sǒng ni
-dào fēijīchǎng qu.
+明天再來吧！
 
-Please send a car to pick me up
-tomorrow morning.
+Come again tomorrow.
 
-Okay. I’ll send a car at eight
-o’clock tomorrow to take you
-to the airport.
+Qǐng ni zài shuō yícì.
 
-Notes on No. 7
+請你再説一次。
 
-The verb pài means “to send/assign someone Cto do something].
+Please say it again.
 
-Ge: You have already learned that, when toneless, yíge means “a,” not
-“one.” In the first sentence of exchange 7, yǒu see that yíge can be
-reduced to the one syllable ge. This reduction happens most frequently
-when “a” follows the sentence verb.
+Yícì means “one occurrence of going,” or “one trip,” in this sentence. (The English translation does not include an equivalent of yícì.)
 
-zhǎo ge ren to look for someone (i.e. , a person)
+7. A: Zhèixiě dìfang nǐ dōu qùguo le ba?
 
-chī ge píngguǒ  to eat an apple
+這些地方你都去過了吧。
 
-The verb jiē means “to meet,” as in “meeting someone at the station,”
-or “to get,” “to pick up,” as in “I'll come by to get yǒu (pick yǒu up)
-about eight o’clock.”
+You have gone to all those places, I suppose?
 
-Pài ge chē lái jiē wo, literally “send a car to come pick me up":
-In English, “come” may be omitted. In Chinese, lai must separate the
-action (pài ge chē) from the purpose of the action (jiē wo)♦ Either
-lái or qù may be used to mark purpose expressions, depending on the
-direction of the action.
+B: Méi dōu qùguo. Wǒ hái méi qùguo Sūzhōu.
 
-The verb song means “to take/escort someone” in the last sentence of
-exchange 7. Song may also mean “to send” in the sense of “delivering an
-object,” in contrast with the verb pài, which means “to send a person.”
+沒都去過。我還沒去過蘇州。
 
-Qīng pài ge ren dào wǒ Jiā Please send a man over to my house,
-lái.
+I haven’t been to all of them. I still haven’t been to Sūzhōu.
 
-Qīng bǎ zhuōzi song dao wǒ Please deliver the table to my house,
-jiā qù.
+Note on No. 7
 
-8.  -hǎo le to be satisfactorily completed
-9. lǚguǎn  hotel
-10. shuōhǎo le  to have come to an agreement (about something); (something) has been agreed on
-11. xiǎnghǎo le to have reached a conclusion (about something); (something) has been thought out
-12. yàoshi  if (alternate word for rúguǒ)
-13. zuèhǎo le   to have finished doing (something);
+Méi dōu, “not all”: In the second sentence of exchange 7, the negative méi precedes the adverb dōu. Placing a negative before dōu instead of after it changes the meaning of the phrase. Compare the sentences below:
 
-(something) has “been finished
+Tāmen dōu bù lai.
 
-Note on Additional Required Vocabulary
+他們都不來。
 
-Luguǎn is the general term for any kind of hotel. When following a
-verb or the prepositional verb zài, lǚguǎn may be followed by the locational
-ending -li, “in,” or there may be no locative ending. This is also the case
-with other place words naming institutions, business establishments, and
-organizations.
+They are all not coming. (All of them are not coming.)
 
-Tā zài zhèige lǚguǎnli (OR He stayed in this hotel for two
-zài zhèige lǚguǎn) zhùle months,
-liǎngge yuè.
+Tāmen bù dōu lai.
 
-VOCABULARY BOOSTER
+他們不都來。
 
-Animals
+Not all of them are coming.
 
-hear    xióng
-camel   luòtuo
-cat māo
-chicken Ji'
-cow niú
-deer    lù
-dog gǒu
-donkey- lu
-duck    ya
-elephant    xiàng
-fish    yú
-fox húli
-goat    shānyáng
-horse   ma
-lion    shīzi
-monkey  houzi
-mouse/rat   lǎoshu
-panda   xiángmǎo
-pig zhū
-sheep   yang
-tiger   lǎohǔ
-turkey  huǒjī
-wolf    lang
+Wǒ dōu méi qùguo.
 
-DRILLS
+我都沒去過。
 
-A. Transformation Drill
+I haven’t been to any of them.
 
-1. Speaker: Qǐng ni gěi wo mǎi
-yìzhang chuán piSo.
+Wǒ méi dōu qùguo.
 
-(Please buy one boat
-ticket for me.)
+我沒都去過。
 
-2. Qǐng ni gěi Ma Xiānsheng mǎi
-liǎngzhāng huǒchē piào.
+I haven’t been to all of them.
 
-3. Qǐng ni gěi Mao Tàitai mǎi
-yìzhāng gōnglùjúde chēpiào.
+[128]
 
-4. Qǐng ni gěi LÍnXiǎojiě mai
-sānzhāng zhídáchēde chēpiào.
+8. huí guó
 
-5. Qǐng ni gěi Liu Ntìshì mǎi
-sānzhāng tèkuàichēde chēpiào.
+回國
 
-6. Qǐng ni gěi Zhōu Xiānsheng mǎi
-liǎngzhāng fēijī piào.
+to return to one’s native country
 
-7. Qǐng ni gěi Zhào Tàitai mǎi
-liǎngzhāng chuán piào.
+9. huí jiā
 
-You: Qǐng ni gěi wo dìng yìzhāng
-chuán piào.
+回家
 
-(Please reserve one boat ticket
-for me.)
+to come/go home
 
-Qǐng ni gěi Mǎ Xiānsheng dìng
-liǎngzhāng huǒchē piào.
+10. huíqu
 
-Qǐng ni gěi Mao Tàitai dìng yìzhāng
-gōnglùjúde chēpiào.
+回去
 
-Qǐng ni gěi Lin Xiǎojiě dìng
-sānzhāng zhídáchēde chēpiào.
+to go back
 
-Qǐng ni gěi Liu Nushì dìng sānzhāng
-tèkuàichēde chēpiào.
+11. rènao
 
-Qǐng ni gěi Zhōu Xiānsheng dìng
-liǎngzhāng fēijī piào.
+熱鬧
 
-Qǐng ni gěi Zhào Tàitai dìng
-liǎngzhāng chuán piào.
+to be lively/bustling/noisy
 
-B.  Expansion Drill
+12. yǒu yìsi
 
-1. Speaker: Wǒ yào dào Guǎngzhōu qù.
-(cue) huǒchē piào
+有意思
 
-(I want to go to
-Guǎngzhōu.)
+to be interesting
 
-2. Wǒ yào dào Běijīng qù.
-fēijī piào
+13. méi(yǒu) yìsi
 
-3. Wǒ yào dào Nánjīng qù.
-tèkuàichēde piào
+沒(有)意思
 
-4. Wǒ yào dào Qīngdǎo qù.
-chuán piào
+to be uninteresting
 
-5. Wǒ yào dào Tiānjīn qù.
-qìchē piào
+14. suǒyī (suóyi)
 
-You: Wǒ yào dào Guǎngzhōu qù, kéyi
-bu keyi dìng yìzhāng huochē
-piào?
+所以
 
-(I want to go to Guǎngzhōu.
+therefore, so
 
-May I reserve a train ticket?)
+Note on Additional Required Vocabulary
 
-Wǒ yào dào Běijīng qù, kéyi bu keyi
-dìng yìzhāng fēijī piào?
+Suǒyī (also pronounced suóyi) is the word “therefore,” “so.”
 
-Wo yào dào Nánjīng qù, kéyi bu keyi
-dìng yìzhāng tèkuàichēde piào?
+Wǒ hěn máng, suóyi méi qù.
 
-Wǒ yào dào Qīngdǎo qù, kéyi bu keyi
-dìng yìzhāng chuán piào?
+我很忙，所以沒去。
 
-Wǒ yào dào Tiānjīn qù, kéyi bu keyi
-dìng yìzhāng qìchē piào?
+I was very busy, so I didn’t go.
 
-Ill
+In Chinese sentences expressing cause and result, the pattern yīnwei... suóyi... is preferred. English speakers often find difficulty in using this pattern because it sounds unnatural in English to say “Because I was very busy, so I didn’t go.” In English, either “because” or “so” would be omitted; but, in Chinese, both yīnwei and suóyi are often retained.
 
-6. Wo yào dào Hángzhōu qù.
-fēijī piào
+Yīnwei wǒ hěn máng, suóyi méi qù.
 
-7. Wǒ yào dào Suzhou qù.
-zhídáchēde piào
+因爲我很忙，所以沒去。
 
-W8 yào dào Hángzhōu qù, kéyi bu keyi
-ding yìzhāng fēijī piào?
+I was very busy, so I didn’t go. (OR “Because I was very busy, I didn’t go.”)
 
-Wo yào dào Suzhou qù, kéyi bu keyi
-ding yìzhāng zhídāchēde piào?
+Yīnwei tā shi hǎo xuésheng, suóyi lǎoshī dōu xǐhuan ta.
 
-C. Response Drill
+因爲他是好學生，所以老師都喜歡他。
 
-1. Speaker: Zuòhǎo le ma?   You: Méi zuòhǎo ne.
+Because he is a good student, all the teachers like him.
 
-(cue) no    (I haven’t finished doing it.)
+Yīnwei wǒ méiyou hùzhào, suóyi xiànzài wǒ hái bù néng líkāi.
 
-(Have yǒu finished
+因爲我沒有護照，所以現在我還不能離開。
 
-doing it?)
-2. ShuōhSo le ma?   yes ShuōhSo le.
-3. XiSnghSo le ma?  soon    Kuài XiSnghSo le.
-4. DÌnghSo le ma?   not yet Hái méi dìnghSo ne.
-5. ShuōhSo le ma?   no  Méi ShuōhSo ne.
-6. Zuohǎo le ma?    soon    Kuài zuòhǎo le.
-7. XiSnghSo le ma?  not yet Hái méi xiSnghǎo ne
+I don’t have a passport, so I can’t leave yet. (OR “Because I don’t have a passport, I can’t leave yet.”)
 
-D.  Expansion Drill
+Yīnwei wǒ yào dào Zhōngguo qù, suóyi wǒ yào xué Zhōngwén.
 
-1. Speaker: Neibān fēijī?
+因爲我要到中國去，所以我要學中文。
 
-(Which flight?)
+I have to learn Chinese because I’m going to go to China.
 
-OR Neibān huǒchē?
-(Which train?)
+Yīnwei wǒ méiyou chē, suóyi wǒ bù néng zhùde lí xuéxiào tài yuǎn.
 
-2. Nēibān qìchē?
+因爲我沒有車，所以我不能住的離學校太遠。
 
-3. Neibān fēijī?
+I don’t have a car, so I can’t live too far away from school. (OR “Because I don’t have a car, I can’t live too far away from school.”)
 
-You: Nēibān fēijī? JīdiSn zhōng
-qīfēi?
+Notice that suóyi always precedes the subject of the sentence.
 
-(Which flight? What time does
-it take off?)
+Suóyi may also mean “that’s why...”: “That’s why you came here by plane.” Suóyi ni shi zuò fēijī láide. When used this way, the word suóyi is stressed.
 
-Neibān huǒchē? JīdiSn zhōng
-kāi?
+[129]
 
-(Which train? What time does
-it leave?)
+DRILLS
 
-Neibān qìchē? JīdiSn zhōng kāi?
+A. Transformation Drill
 
-Neibān fēijī? JīdiSn zhōng qīfēi?
+1. Speaker: Tā chū mén le.
 
-4. Něibān zhídáchē?
+他出門了。
 
-5. Něibān tèkuàichē?
+(He has gone out.)
 
-6. Něibān fēijī?
+You: Tā yòu chū mén le ma?
 
-Něibān zhídáchē? Jīdiǎn zhōng kāi?
+他又出門了嗎。
 
-Něibān tèkuàichē? Jīdiǎn zhong
-kāi?
+(Has he gone out again?)
 
-Něibān fēijī? Jídian zhōng qīfēi?
+2. Tā dào Zhōngguo qù le.
 
-E.  Substitution Drill
+他到中國去了。
 
-1. Speaker: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi
-Guǎngzhōu ma?
-(cue) Nánjīng
-(Does this flight go
+Tā yòu dào Zhōngguo qù le ma?
 
-directly to Guǎngzhōu?)
+他又到中國去了嗎。
 
-You: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Nánjīng
-ma?
+3. Tā niàn shū le.
 
-(Does this flight go directly
-to Nánjīng?)
+他念書了。
 
-2. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi        Nǎn j īng   Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Shànghǎi ma?
-ma? Shànghǎi
-3. Zhèibān ma?  fēijī zhí fēi Běijīng   Shànghǎi    Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Běijīng ma?
-4. Zhèibān ma?  fēijī zhí fēi Wǔhàn Běijīng Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Wǔhàn ma?
-5. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Sūzhōu     Wuhàn ma?   Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Sūzhōu ma?
-6. Zhèibān  fēijī zhí fēi   Sūzhōu ma?  Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Qīngdǎo ma?
+Tā yòu niàn shū le ma?
 
-Qīngdǎo
+他又念書了嗎。
 
-7. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Qīngdǎo ma?
+4. Tā shàngqu le.
 
-F.  Transformation Drill
+他上去了·
 
-1. Speaker: Cong Sānlltún dào
-huǒchēzhàn yào
-duōshao shíjiān?
-(cue) duōshaofēn
-zhōng
+Tā yòu shàngqu le ma?
 
-(How much time does it
-take to go frcm
-Sānlǐtún to the train
-station?)
+他又上去了嗎·
 
-2. Cōng Dōngdān dào Wǎngfǔjing
-Dàjiē yào duōshao shijian?
-duōshao shíhou
+5. Tā dào péngyou jiā qù le.
 
-3. Cong Chǎngān Jiē dào Rìtánlù
-yào duōshao shíjiān?
-jlfēn zhōng
+他到朋友家去了。
 
-4. CŌng Běijīng dào Guǎngzhōu yào
-duōshao shíjiān? jltiān
+Tā yòu dào péngyou jiā qù le ma?
 
-5. Cong Nánjīng dào Shànghǎi yào
-duōshao shíjiān?
-duōshao xiǎoshí
+他又到朋友家去了嗎。
 
-6. Cōng Hǎngzhōu dào Guǎngzhōu yào
-duōshao shíjiān?
-duōshao xiǎoshí
+6. Tā lái le.
 
-7. Cōng Guānghuǎlù dào huǒchēzhàn
-yào duōshao shíjiān?
-duōshaofēn zhōng
+他來了。
 
-You: Cōng Sānlǐtún dào huǒchēzhàn
-yào duōshaofēn zhōng?
+Tā yòu lái le ma?
 
-(How many minutes from
-Sānlǐtún to the train
-station?)
+他又來了嗎。
 
-CŌng Dōngdān dào Wǎngfǔjing Dàjiē
-yào duōshao shíhou?
+7. Tā huíqu le.
 
-Cōng Chǎngān Jiē dào Rìtǎnlù yào
-jifēn zhōng?
+他回去了。
 
-Cōng Běijīng dào Guǎngzhōu yào
-Jitiān?
+Tā yòu huíqu le ma?
 
-Cōng Nánjīng dào Shànghǎi yào
-duōshao xiǎoshí?
+他又回去了嗎。
 
-Cōng Hǎngzhōu dào Guǎngzhōu yào
-duōshao xiǎoshí?
+B. Expansion Drill
 
-Cōng Guānghuǎlù dào huōchězhàn yào
-duōshaofēn zhōng?
+1. Speaker: Wǒ yào kàn yíge péngyou.
 
-G. Transformation Drill
+我要看一個朋友。
 
-1. Speaker: Rúguō wō bādiǎn zhōng
-líkāi jiā, laidejí
-ma?
+(I want to see a friend.)
 
-(if I leave home at
-eight o’clock, can I
-make it?)
+You: Wǒ zhèicì qù shi yào kàn yíge péngyou.
 
-2,  Rúguō wō shídiǎn zhōng líkāi
-xuǎxiào, láidejí ma?
+我這次去是要看一個朋友。
 
-You: Rúguō wō bādiǎn zhōng líkāi
-Jiā, shǎnme shíhou dào?
-(If I leave home at eight
-o’clock, what time will I
-arrive?)
+(The reason I’m going this time is [that] I want to see a friend.)
 
-Rúguō wō shídiǎn zhōng líkāi xuexiào
-shěnme shíhou dào?
+2. Wǒ yào mǎi yiběn Zhōngguo zìdiǎn.
 
-3. Rúguǒ Li Xiānsheng shíyīdiǎn
-shifēn líkāi Dàshiguǎn,
-láidejí ma?
+我要買一本中國字典。
 
-4. Rúguǒ Zhang Nushì shíyuè qíhào
-líkāi zhèli, laidejí ma?
+Wo zhèicì qù shi yào mǎi yìběn Zhōngguo zìdiān.
 
-5. Rúguǒ tā sìdiǎnbàn líkāi fàndiàn,
-láidejí ma?
+我這次去是要買一本中國字典。
 
-6. Rúguǒ nī zǎoshang qīdiǎn zhong
-líkāi Jiā, láidejí ma?
+3. Tā xiǎng mǎi yige huāpíng.
 
-7. Rúguǒ tāmen xiànzài líkāi
-chēzhǎn, láidejí ma?
+他想買一個花瓶。
 
-Rúguǒ Lī Xiānsheng shíyīdiǎn shífēn
-líkāi Dàshiguǎn, shénme shíhou
-dào?
+Tā zhèicì qù shi xiǎng mǎi yige huāpíng.
 
-Rúguǒ Zhāng Nushì shíyuè qíhào líkāi
-zhèli, shénme shíhou dào?
+他這次去是想買一個花瓶。
 
-Rúguǒ tā sìdiǎnbàn líkāi fàndiàn,
-shénme shíhou dào?
+4. Tā yào kànkan mǔqin.
 
-Rúguǒ nī zǎoshang qīdiǎn zhōng
-líkāi Jiā, shénme shíhou dào?
+他要看看母親。
 
-Rúguǒ tāmen xiànzài líkāi chēzhàn,
-shénme shíhou dào?
+Tā zhèicì qù shi yào kànkan mǔqin.
 
-H. Expansion Drill
+他這次去是要看看母親。
 
-1. Speaker: Qǐng ni lāi Jiē wo.
-(Please pick me up.)
+5. Tā dǎsuan qù huàn yìdiǎn qián.
 
-You: Qǐng ni pài ge chē lāi Jiē wo.
-(Please send a car to pick me
-up.)
+他打算去換一點錢。
 
-2. Qing    ni lāi Jiē ta.  Qǐng ni pài ge chē lāi Jiē ta.
-3. Qǐng    ni qù Jiē tamen.    Qǐng ni pài ge chē qù jiē tamen.
-u.  Qǐng    ni qù Jiē ta.   Qǐng ni pài ge chē qù Jiē ta.
-5. Qǐng    ni sōng wo qù.  Qǐng ni pài ge chē sōng wo qù.
-6. Qǐng    ni lāi Jiē ta.  Qǐng ni pài ge chē lāi Jiē ta.
-7. Qǐng    ni song tamen qù.   Qǐng ni pài ge chē sōng tamen qù.
+Tā zhèicì qù shi dǎsuan qù huàn yìdiǎn qián.
 
-I. Expansion Drill
+他這次去是打算去換一點錢。
 
-1. Speaker: Wo sǒng ni dào  You: Wo pài chē sǒng ni dào
+6. Tā xiǎng xué Zhōngwén.
 
-fēijīchǎng qù.  fēijīchǎng qù.
+他想學中文。
 
-(I’ll take yǒu to the   (I’ll send a car to take you
+Tā zhèicì qù shi xiǎng xué Zhōngwén.
 
-airport.)   to the airport.)
+他這次去是想學中文。
 
-2. wǒ  sǒng ni dào huǒchēzhàn qù.  Wo pài chē sǒng ni dào qù.  huǒchēzhàn
-3. wǒ  sǒng ni dào qichēzhàn qù.   Wǒ pài chē song ni dào qù.  qìchēzhàn
-4. WǑ  sǒng ni dào tā jiā qù.  Wǒ pài chē sǒng ni dào  tā jiā qù.
-5. wǒ  song ni dào yínháng qù. Wǒ pài chē sSng ni dào  yínháng qù.
-6. wǒ  sǒng ni dào dàshiguǎn qù.   Wǒ pài chē sǒng ni dào qù.  dàshiguǎn
-7. Wo  sǒng ni dào fēijīchǎng qù.  Wǒ pài chē sǒng ni dào  fēijīchang
+7. Tā dǎsuan mǎi yìdiān dōngxi.
 
-qù.
+他打算買一點東西。
 
-UNIT 8
+Tā zhèicì qù shi dǎsuan mǎi yìdiān dōngxi.
 
-REFERENCE LIST
+他這次去是打算買一點東西。
 
-(in Běijīng)
+[130]
 
-1. B: Hao Jiǔ méi Jiàn, nín chū
-mén le ba?
+C. Substitution Drill
 
-A: Shi a, wǒ yǒu dào Guǎngzhōu
-qu le.
+1. Speaker: Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi qù le.
 
-2. B: Nín wèishénme gang huílai,
-yōu qù le ne?
+我有一年沒去了。
 
-A: Wǒ zhèicì dào Guǎngzhōu qù
-shi yīnwei wǒ yǒu yige hen
-hǎode péngyou cōng
-Xiānggǎng lái.
+(cue) kànjian ta
 
-3. A: W3men yōu yinian méi Jiàn
-le.
+看見他
 
-A: Tā qīng wo péi ta yìqǐ qù
-lǚxíng.
+(I haven’t gone for a year.)
 
-4. A: Sānge yuè yǐqián wǒ zài
-Guǎngzhōu, nèige shíhou tā
-hái bù zhīdào néng bu néng
-lái.
+You: Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi kànjian ta le.
 
-5. B: Nīmen dōu qùguo shénme
-dìfang?
+我有一年沒看見他了。
 
-A: Nánjīng, Shànghǎi, Hángzhōu,
-Sūzhōu, dōu qù le.
+(I haven’t seen him for a year.
 
-Hángzhōu zhēn shi
-piàoliang.
+2. Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi kànjian ta le.
 
-6. A: You Jīhui w8 yào zài qù
-yícì.
+我有一年沒沒看見他了。
 
-7. A: Zhèixiě dìfang nī dōu qùguo
-le ba?
+dào Shànghǎi qù
 
-B: Méi dōu qùguo. Wo hái méi
-qùguo Suzhou.
+到上海去
 
-I haven’t seen yǒu for a long time,
-You have been away, I suppose?
+Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi dào Shànghǎi qù le.
 
-Yes, I went to Guǎngzhōu again.
+我有一年沒沒到上海去了。
 
-Why did yǒu go again when yǒu had
-Just come back from there?
+3. Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi dào Shànghǎi qù le.
 
-This time I went to Guǎngzhōu
-because I had a very good friend
-coming there from Hong Kong.
+我有一年沒沒到上海去了。
 
-We had not seen each other for a
-year.
+kàn Zhongwén bào
 
-She asked me to accompany her (in
-her) travels.
+看中文報
 
-Three months ago, when I was in
-Guǎngzhōu, she didn’t know yet
-whether she would be able to
-come or not.
+Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi kàn Zhongwén bào le.
 
-What places did yǒu go to?
+我有一年沒沒看中文報了。
 
-We went to Nánjīng, Shànghǎi,
-Hángzhōu, and Sūzhōu. Hángzhōu
-is really beautiful.
+4. Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi kàn Zhongwén bào le.
 
-If I have the chance, I would like
-to go again.
+我有一年沒沒看中文報了。
 
-You have gone to all those places,
-I suppose?
+qù kàn ta
 
-I haven’t been to all of them. I
-still haven’t been to Sūzhōu.
+去看他
 
-8. huí gu6 to return to one’s native country
-9. huí Jiā to come/go home
-10. huíqu   to go back
+Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi qù kàn ta le.
 
-ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
-(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)
+我有一年沒沒去看他了。
 
-11. rēnao   to be lively/bustling/noisy
-12. yǒu yìsi    to be interesting
-13. méi(yǒu) yìsi   to be uninteresting
-14. suǒyl (suoyi)   therefore, so
+5. Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi qù kàn ta le.
 
-VOCABULARY
+我有一年沒沒去看他了。
 
-chū mén (chū ménr)  to go out, to go away from home, to go out of town
-gang    only a short while ago, Just
-Hángzhōu    (a city in ZhèJiang Province in the PRC, formerly spelled Hangchow)
-h&o Jiu huí huí guō huí Jia huílai huíqu    a long time  to return to, to go back to  to return to one's native country  to return home  to come back  to go back
-Jiàn Jīhui  to meet, to see opportunity, chance
-méi(yōu) yìsi   to be uninteresting
-něng    can; to be able to
-péi piàoliang   to accompany  to be beautiful
-qíng    to request, to invite
-rěnao   to be lively/bustling/noisy
-suSyì (suōyi) Sūzhōu    therefore, so  (a city in Jiāngsū Province in the PRC, formerly spelled Soochow)
-wèishénme   why
-yīnwei yìqí yōu yǒu yìsi    because  together, along with  again (with completed actions) to be interesting
-zài again (with uncompleted actions)
+zuò fēijī
 
-(introduced on C-2 and P-2 tapes)
+坐飛機
 
-huār kāile  the flowers have bloomed (literally, “opened")
-Jiānglèi    in the future
-shōudao to receive
-yǒumíngde dìfang    famous place
-zuìJin  recently
+Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi zuò fēijī le.
 
-Běijīng Workers’ Stadium
+我有一年沒沒坐飛機了。
 
-REFERENCE NOTES
+6. Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi zuò fēijī le.
 
-1. B: H&o jiǔ méi Jiàn, nín chū
-men le ba?
+我有一年沒沒坐飛機了。
 
-A: Shi a, wo yǒu dào Guǎngzhōu
-qu le.
+dào zhèr lái
 
-I haven’t seen yǒu for a long time
-You have been away, I suppose?
+到這兒來
 
-Yes, I went to Guǎngzhōu again.
+Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi dào zhèr lái le.
 
-Notes on No. 1
+我有一年沒沒到這兒來了。
 
-H&o Jiǔ, “very long”: In this phrase, the word h&o means “very.” Some
-additional examples of this use of h&o are
+7. Wǒ yǒu yìnián méi dào zhèr lái le.
 
-h&o dà  very large
-h&o duō rén a good many people
-h&o jitiān  quite a few days
+我有一年沒沒到這兒來了。
 
-Persons from Taiwan frequently use h&o, “very,” before another h&o, as in
-Hao hǎowan! “What fun.”’ and Hǎo h&ochī! “Delicious!” Speakers from Bǎijīng
-think that this repetition of h&o sounds bad.
+D. Transformation Drill
 
-The verb jiàn means “to see someone” in the sense of “to visit/talk
-with someone.” The verb kànjian is used for “to see” in the sense of
-“to perceive an object.”
+1. Speaker: Wǒ gēge qǐng wo péi ta qù lǚxíng.
 
-Chū mén means “to go out,” “to go away from home,” “to go out of town";
-literally, “to go out the door.”
+我哥哥請我陪他去旅行。
 
-YSu is the word for “again” which is used with completed actions. (See
-notes on No. 6 for “again” with actions that have not been completed.)
+(My older brother asked me to accompany him [in his] travels.)
 
-Òu, nl yǒu lái le!  Oh, yǒu have come again!
+You: Wǒ děi péi wo gēge qù lǚxíng.
 
-Qìshuī yǒu méiyou le.   We are out of soda again.
+我得陪我哥哥去旅行。
 
-Tā zuétiān méi shàng kè. Yesterday he didn’t attend class.
+(I must accompany my older brother [in his] travels.)
 
-Jīntiān yǒu méi shàng kè. Today, again, he didn’t attend
-class.
+2. Wǒ jiějie qǐng wo péi ta qù mǎi dōngxi.
 
-2. B: NÍn wèishénme gang huílai,
-you qù le ne?
+我姐姐請我陪他去買東西。
 
-A: Wǒ zhèicì dào Guǎngzhōu qù
-shi yīnwei wǒ yǒu yige hSn
-hǎode péngyou cong
-Xiānggǎng lái.
+Wǒ děi péi wǒ jiějie qù mǎi dongxi.
 
-Why did yǒu go again when yǒu had
-just come back from there?
+我得陪我姐姐去買東西。
 
-This time I went to Guǎngzhōu
-because I had a very good friend
-coming there from Hong Kong.
+3. Wǒ àiren qǐng wo péi ta qù kàn péngyou.
 
-Notes on No. 2
+我愛人請我陪他去看朋友。
 
-Wèishénme, “why,” follows the subject in the first sentence of exchange 2.
-This question word usually occurs in that position. (In English, “why” always
-precedes the subject.)
+Wǒ děi péi wǒ àiren qù kàn péngyou.
 
-Nǐ  wèishénme   yǒu qù le ne?
-(Why    did yǒu go again?)
+我得陪我愛人去看朋友。
 
-Sometimes wèishénme precedes the subject of a sentence:
+4. Zhāng Tóngzhì qǐng wo péi ta dào Běijīng qù.
 
-Wèishénme   tā  méi qù?
-Tā  wèishénme   méi qù?
+張同志請我陪他到北京去。
 
-“Why didn’t he go?”
+Wǒ děi péi Zhāng Tóngzhì dào Běijīng qù.
 
-Gang, “only a short while ago,” “just”: The first sentence in the
-exchange could also be translated as “Why, having Just come back from
-there, did yǒu go again?”
+我得陪張同志到北京去。
 
-The adverb gang is used in sentences describing something that has just
-been done, in other words, completed action. But notice that the marker
-le for completion is not used here. The marker le is added when the focus
-is on whether or not the action has been performed, not on when or how it
-was performed. Gang is often used in sentences emphasizing the recentness
-of an action, not the fact that it was done; therefore le is not used.
+5. Lǐ Tóngzhì qǐng wo péi ta dào bówùguǎn qù.
 
-Nǐ shi shénme shíhou láide? When did yǒu come here?
+李同志請我陪他到博物館去。
 
-Gang lái.   I Just got here.
+Wǒ děi péi Lǐ Tóngzhì dào bówùguǎn qù.
 
-Nǐ mèimei zài bu zài?   Is your little sister here?
+我得陪李同志到博物館去。
 
-Tā gang zǒu.    She just left.
+[131]
 
-Huí, “to return,” “to go back”: Like chǔ, “to go out,” and jin, “to
-enter,'* huí must be followed by either a place word or a directional ending.
+6. Tā qǐng wo péi ta qù mǎi shū.
 
-huí Bǎijīng
-huíguō
-huíjiā
-huílai
-huíqu
+他請我陪他去買書。
 
-to return to Bǎijīng
+Wǒ děi péi ta qù mǎi shū.
 
-to return to one’s native country
-to return home
+我得陪他去買書。
 
-to come back
+7. Tā qǐng wo péi ta qù huàn qiǎn.
 
-to go back
+他請我陪他去換錢。
 
-The meaning of huílai is not as broad as that of the English translation
-“to come back,” which has two meanings: 1) to come from someplace else to
-the original place ("He leaves for work at eight and doesn't come back till
-six.") and 2) to come another time ("Mr. Wang isn’t in today; come back
-tomorrow.") Huílai means “to return to a particular place.” To say “to
-come another time"in Chinese, yǒu would use an adverb meaning “again” and
-the verb lái. For example,
+Wǒ děi péi ta qù huàn qiǎn.
 
-Wang Xiānsheng jīntiān bú
-zài, qing ni míngtiān zài
-lái.
+我得陪他去換錢。
 
-Nèige rén zuótiān yèu lái
-zhǎo ni, nī bú zài.
+E. Substitution Drill
 
-Mr. Wang isn't in today; please
-come back tomorrow.
+1. Speaker:
 
-That guy came back looking for you
-yesterday, but yǒu were out.
+Tā nèige shíhou hái bù zhīdào néng bu néng lái.
 
-Ne: Because of the question word wèishénme, “why,” the first sentence
-in exchange 2 is clearly a question. The marker ne is not needed to indicate
-a question, but does give an added ring of inquisitiveness to the sentence.
-Questions ending in ne often seem to be asking for definite answers.
+他那個時候還不知道能不能來。
 
-Yīnwei, “because”: Here are some
+(At that time he did not yet know whether or not he would be able to come.)
 
-Nǐ wèishénme méi lái?
+(cue) shénme shíhou
 
-Yīnwei wo hen máng.
+什麽時候
 
-Nǐ wèishénme láiwǎn le?
+You: Tā nèige shíhou hái bù zhīdào shénme shíhou lái.
 
-Yīnwei wo zǒucuè le.
+他那個時候還不知道什麽時候來。
 
-Nǐ wèishénme yǒu qù le?
+(At that time he did not yet know what time to come.)
 
-Yīnwei wǒde péngyou céng
-Xiānggǎng lái.
+2. Tā nèige shíhou hái bù zhīdào shénme shíhou lái.
 
-simpler sentences containing yīnwei:
+他那個時候還不知道什麽時候來。
 
-Why didn’t yǒu come?
+xīngqījǐ
 
-Because I was very busy.
+星期幾
 
-Why did yǒu come late?
+Tā nèige shíhou hái bù zhīdào xīngqījǐ lái.
 
-Because I made a wrong turn.
+他那個時候還不知道星期幾來。
 
-Why did yǒu go again?
+3. Tā nèige shíhou hái bù zhīdào xīngqījǐ lái.
 
-Because my friend was coming from
-Hong Kong.
+他那個時候還不知道星期幾來。
 
-The word order in the second sentence of
-terms of a pattern:
+kéyi bu keyi
 
-SENTENCE
+可以不可以
 
-exchange 2 may be described in
+Tā nèige shíhou hái bù zhīdào kéyi bu keyi lái.
 
-shi yīnwei SENTENCE
+他那個時候還不知道可以不可以來。
 
-W3 zhèicì dào
+4. Tā nèige shíhou hái bù zhīdào kéyi bu keyi lái.
 
-Guǎngzhōu qù
+他那個時候還不知道可以不可以來。
 
-wǒ yǒu yige hen
-hāode péngyou
-cong Xiānggǎng
-lái.
+jǐyuè
 
-The phrase hen haode péngyou contains the marker of modification -de.
-The modifying phrase ADVERB + ADJECTIVAL VERB (e.g., zuì xiao, tài gaol”
-is followed by -de. Therefore hǎo péngyou does not need -de, but hen
-hǎode péngyou does.
+幾月
 
-The verb yǒu is translated in the past tense in the second sentence
-of this exchange: “I HAD a . . . friend coming.” Notice that there is
-no completed-action marker in the sentence. You cannot be used with a
-completed-action marker because it is a STATE verb, not an action verb.
-(See notes on Nos. 7-8 in BIO, Unit 8, and on No. ú in this unit.)
+Tā nèige shíhou hái bù zhīdào jǐyuè lái.
 
-3.
+他那個時候還不知道幾月來。
 
-A:
+5. Tā nèige shíhou hái bù zhīdào jǐyuè lái.
 
-A:
+他那個時候還不知道幾月來。
 
-Women yǒu yìnián méi jiàn le.
-Tā qǐng wo péi ta yìqǐ qù
-lǚxíng.
+néng bu néng
 
-We had not seen each other for a year.
-She asked me to accompany her (in her)
-travels.
+能不能
 
-Notes on No. 3
+Tā nèige shíhou hái bù zhīdào néng bu néng lái.
 
-You yìnián méi: To state the period of time within which something has
-not happened, place the amount of time in front of the negative and the
-verb. The verb yǒu may be placed in front of the amount of time.
+他那個時候還不知道能不能來。
 
-Women   (you)   sānnián méi Jiàn le.
-(as for us  there have been 3 years haven’t met)
+6. Tā nèige shíhou hái bù zhīdào néng bu néng lái.
 
-“We haven’t seen each other for three years.”
+他那個時候還不知道能不能來。
 
-In this example, new-situation le might be translated as “as of now.”
+jǐhào
 
-When yǒu are talking about a period of time within which something will not
-happen, the same pattern is used, but yǒu may NOT be added:
+幾號
 
-Wo  liǎngtiān   bù chifan.
+Tā nèige shíhou hái bù zhīdào jǐhào lái.
 
-“I’m not going to eat for
-two days.”
+他那個時候還不知道幾號來。
 
-The verb qǐng, which yǒu have already learned as “please,” means “to
-request Cthat a person do something]” or “to invite.” Normally, when you
-qǐng someone to take a trip or to go out, yǒu are saying that yǒu will pay
-all expenses.
+7. Tā nèige shíhou hái bù zhīdào jǐhào lái.
 
-4. A:
+他那個時候還不知道幾號來。
 
-Sānge yuè yǐqián wo zài
-Guǎngzhōu, nèige shíhou
-tā hái bù zhīdào néng bu
-néng lái.
+[132]
 
-Three months ago, when I was in
-Guǎngzhōu, she didn’t know yet
-whether she would be able to
+F. Response Drill
 
-come or not.
+1. Speaker： Nǐmen dōu qùguo shénme dìfang?
 
-Notes on No. U
+你們都去過什麽地方？
 
-Yǐqián, “ago”: You have already seen yǐqián used after a phrase to
-mean “before.”
+(What places did you go to?)
 
-Wo shàng ban yǐqián, wo mǎi Before I start work, I will buy
-diǎnr chide.    something to eat.
+(cue) Shànghǎi, Nánjīng
 
-In No. U, yiqián is used after an amount of time to mean ’'ago.”
+上海，南京
 
-Liǎngnián yiqián, wǒ meiyou Two years ago, I didn’t have a car.
-qìchē.
+You: Shànghǎi, Nánjīng wǒmen dōu qù le.
 
-Neng, “can,” “to be able to,” “to be capable of”: The most general
-word in Chinese for “to be able to” is neng. The meanings of neng and keyi
-“to be permitted by someone” or “permissible according to some rules or
-conventions,” overlap.
+上海，南京我們都去過。
 
-Nèige shíhou tā hái bù zhīdào: The negative is bù, even though the
-sentence refers to the past. The negative mei cannot be used here because
-it is the negative of completed action. The verb zhidao, like the verb
-you and adjectival verbs such as hǎo, is a state verb and cannot be
-thought of as completed.
+(We went to both Shànghǎi and Nánjīng.)
 
-Since the negative of a state verb is the same in the present and past
-tenses, the intended time must be discovered from the context. One reason
-for using nèige shíhou in No. H is to make the time reference very clear.
+2. Nǐmen dōu qùguo shénme dìfang?
 
-STATE VERBS include all adjectival verbs, auxiliary verbs, and a few other
-verbs. Here are some examples:
+你們都去過什麽地方？
 
-STATE VERBS
+nǐ shuōde
 
-Adjectival Verbs
+你説的
 
-Auxiliaries Others
+Nǐ shuōde nàixiē dìfang wǒmen dōu qù le.
 
-dà  huì shi
-xiǎo    kéyi    zài
-X
-gui neng    you
-piányi  děi xìng
-kuài    bú bì   Jiào
-màn yào zhīdao
-duō xiǎng   xīhuan
+你説的那些地方都去了。
 
-shǎo
-gāoxìng
+3. Nǐmen dōu niànguo shénme?
 
-YīJiǔsānyīnián dōngxi dōu bú
-guì.
+你們都念過什麽？
 
-Wǒ zài Déguode shíhou bú huì
-shuō Déguo huà.
+zhèngzhixué, jīngjixué
 
-Wǒ yǐqián bù xīhuan niàn shū.
+政治學，經濟學
 
-In 1931, everything was inexpensive
+Zhèngzhixué, jīngjixué wǒmen dōu niàn le.
 
-When I was in Germany, I couldn't
-speak German.
+政治學，經濟學我們都念了。
 
-Before, I didn’t like to study.
+4. Nǐmen dōu mǎi shénme le?
 
-Bù zhidào neng bu neng lái, “didn't know if she would be able to come":
-The object of the verb zhīdao is a choice-type question, néng bu neng lái.
-Here are more examples of this usage:
+你們都買什麽了？
 
-Wǒ bù zhīdào hái yǒu meiyou. I don’t know if there are any left.
+zhuōzi, pánziwǎn
 
-Nǐ wènwen tā rnāile meiyou. Ask him if he bought it.
+桌子，盤子碗
 
-Wǒ xiǎng zhīdao tāmen lái   I would like to know if they are
+Zhuōzi, pánziwǎn wǒmen dōu mǎi le.
 
-bu lái. coming or not.
+桌子，盤子碗你們都買了。
 
-English-speaking students of Chinese are often tempted to translate “if”
-as rúguǒ or yàoshi; to do so, however, is wrong. The following rule may
-help yǒu remember to use a choice-type question: Whenever the “if” in an
-English sentence means “whether,” use a choice-type question in Chinese.
-For example, “I would like to know if they are coming” means “I would like
-to know whether they are coming"; therefore, in Chinese, yǒu would use a
-choice-type question as the object of the verb zhīdao.
+5. Nǐmen zuótiān dōu mǎi shénme le?
 
-5. B: Nīmen dōu qùguo shenme
-dìfang?
+你們昨天都買什麽了？
 
-A: Nánjīng, ShànghSi, Hángzhōu,
-Sūzhōu, dōu qù le. Hang-
-zhou zhēn shi piàoliang.
+shū, zázhì
 
-What places did yǒu go to?
+書，雜志
 
-We went to Nánjīng, ShànghSi, Háng-
-zhōu, and Sūzhōu. Hángzhōu is
-really beautiful.
+Shū, zázhì wǒmen dōu mǎi le.
 
-Notes on No. g
+書，雜志我們都買了。
 
-Nīmen dōu qùguo shénme dìfang? is ambiguous. It could mean either
-“What places did all of yǒu go to?” or “What are all the places that you
-went to?”
+6. Nǐmen dōu yào shénme yánsède?
 
-You already know that dōu may refer to an object when that object precedes
-the verb, in topic position. (See the second sentence in exchange 5.)
+你們都要什麽顏色的？
 
-In this first sentence of the exchange, dōu is referring to an object
-which occurs after the verb. When an object includes a question word, it
-is not placed before dōu in the sentence.
+lánde, hóngde
 
-Tā dōu qùguo shénme dìfang? What are all the places that he
-went to?
+藍的，紅的
 
-Tā dōu niànguo shénme shū? What are all the books that she has
-read?
+Lánde, hóngde wǒmen dōu yào.
 
-Tā dōu māiguo shénme dōngxi? What are all the things that he
-bought ?
+藍的，紅的我們都要。
 
-The shi in Hángzhōu zhēn shi piàoliang has been added for emphasis. Shi
-is not required before adjectival verbs.
+7. Nǐmen jīntiān dōu qùguo shénme dìfang?
 
-6. A: Y3u Jīhui wǒ yào zài qù yícì.
+你們今天都去過什麽地方？
 
-If I have the chance, I would like
+bówùguǎn, zhǎnlǎnguǎn
 
-to go again.
+博物館，展覽館
 
-Notes on No. 6
+Bówùguǎn, zhǎnlǎnguǎn wǒmen dōu qù le.
 
-The adverb zài means “again” in talking about actions that have not
-been completed. (This adverb was translated previously in your text as
-“then” in commands.)
+博物館，展覽館我們都去了。
 
-Míngtiān zài lai ba!    Come again tomorrow.
+G. Transformation Drill
 
-Qǐng ni zài shuō yícì.  Please say it again.
+1. Speaker: Tāmen dōu lái le ma?
 
-Yícì means “one occurrence of going,” or “one trip,” in this sentence.
-(The English translation does not include an equivalent of yícì.)
+他們都來了嗎？
 
-7. A: Zhèixiē dìfang nī dōu qùguo
-le ba?
+(Did they all come?)
 
-B: Mei dōu qùguo. Wo hái méi
-qùguo Sūzhōu.
+(cue) not all
 
-You have gone to all those places,
-I suppose?
+You: Tāmen měi dōu lái.
 
-I haven’t been to all of them. I
-still haven’t been to Sūzhōu.
+他們沒都來。
 
-Note on No. 7
+(Not all of them came.)
 
-Měi dōu, “not all”: In the second sentence of exchange 7» the negative
-mei precedes the adverb dōu. Placing a negative before dōu instead of
-after it changes the meaning of the phrase. Compare the sentences below:
+2. Tāmen dōu qù le ma?
 
-Tāmen dōu bù lai.
+他們都去了嗎？
 
-Tāmen bù dōu lai.
+none
 
-They are all not coming. (All of
-them are not coming.)
+Tāmen dōu méi qù.
 
-Not all of them are coming.
+他們都沒去。
 
-Wǒ dōu mei qùguo.
+3. Tāmen dōu zǒu le ma?
 
-Wǒ mei dōu qùguo.
+他們都走了嗎？
 
-I haven’t been to any of them.
+not all
 
-I haven’t been to all of them.
+Tāmen méi dōu zōu.
 
-8. huí gué to return to one's native country
-9-  huí jiā to come/go home
-10. huíqu   to go back
-11. rènao   to be lively/bustling/noisy
-12. yǒu yìsi    to be interesting
-13. méi(yǒu) yìsi   to be uninteresting
-14. suǒyī (suéyi)   therefore, so
+他們沒都走。
 
-Note on Additional Required Vocabulary
+4. Tāmen dōu mǎi le ma?
 
-Suǒyī (also pronounced suoyi) is the word “therefore,” “so.”
+他們都買了嗎？
 
-Wǒ hSn máng, suéyi méi qù.  I was very busy, so I didn’t go.
+none
 
-In Chinese sentences expressing cause and result, the pattern yīnwei...
-suoyi... is preferred. English speakers often find difficulty in using
-this pattern because it sounds unnatural in English to say “Because I was
-very busy, so I didn’t go.” In English, either “because” or “so” would be
+Tāmen dōu méi mǎi.
 
-omitted; but, in Chinese, both yīnwei
+他們都沒買。
 
-Yīnwei wǒ hen máng, suéyi
-méi qù.
+5. Tāmen dōu mài Zhōngguo shū ma?
 
-Yīnwei tā shi hǎo xuésheng,
-suoyi laoshī dōu xīhuan ta.
+他們都賣中國書嗎？
 
-Yīnwei wǒ méiyou hùzhào,
-suóyi xiànzài wǒ hái bù
-néng líkāi.
+not all
 
-Yīnwei wǒ yào dào Zhōngguo
-qù, suoyi wǒ yào xué
-Zhōngwén.
+Tāmen bù dōu mài Zhōngguo shū.
 
-Yīnwei wǒ méiyou chē, suoyi
-wǒ bù néng zhùde lí
-xuéxiào tài yuān.
+他們不都賣中國書。
 
-Notice that suéyi always precedes the
+6. Shànghǎi, Běijīng, Nánjīng tāmen dōu qùguo le ma?
 
-Suoyi may also mean “that’s why.,
-plane.” Suéyi ni shi zuō fēijī láide.
-suéyi is stressed.
+上海，北京，南京他們都去過了嗎？
 
-and suéyi are often retained.
+not all
 
-I was very busy, so I didn’t go.
-(OR “Because I was very busy,
-I didn’t go.")
+Tāmen méi dōu qùguo.
 
-Because he is a good student, all
-the teachers like him.
+他們沒都去過。
 
-I don't have a passport, so I can't
-leave yet. (OR “Because I don't
-have a passport, I can't leave
-yet.")
+7. Tāmen dōu láiguo ma?
 
-I have to learn Chinese because
-I'm going to go to China.
+他們都來過嗎？
 
-I don't have a car, so I can't live
-too far away from school. (OR
-“Because I don’t have a car, I
-can't live too far away from
-school.")
+none
 
-subject of the sentence.
+Tāmen dōu méi láiguo.
 
-”: “That's why yǒu came here by
-When used this way, the word
+他們都沒來過。
 
-DRILLS
+[133]
 
-A. Transformation Drill
+H.  Transformation Drill
 
-1. Speaker: Tā chū mén le. (He has gone out.)  2. Tā  dào Zhōngguo    qù  le.  3. Tā  niàn shū le.  4.    Tā  shàngqu le.  5. Tā  dào péngyou Jiā qù le.  6. Tā  lāi le.  T. Tā  huíqu le.  B. Expansion Drill  1.   Speaker: W8 yào kàn yíge péngyou. (I want to see a friend.)  2. Wō yào mǎi yiběn Zhongguo zìdian.  3.   Tā xiāng mǎi yige huāpíng.  4. Tā yào kànkan mùqin.  5. Tā dāsuan qù huàn yìdiān qián.  6. Tā xiǎng xué Zhōngwén.  7. Tā dǎsuan mǎi yìdiān dōngxi.    You: Tā yǒu chū mén le ma?  (Has he gone out again?)  Tā yùu dào Zhōngguo qù le ma?  Tā yōu niàn shu le ma?  Tā yǒu shàngqu le ma?  Tā yǒu dào péngyou Jiā qù le ma?  Tā yǒu lāi le ma?  Tā yòu huíqu le ma?  You: Wǒ zhèicì qù shi yào kàn yíge péngyou.  (The reason I’m going this time is Cthatl I want to see a friend.)  Wo zhèicì qù shi yào māi yìbSn Zhōngguo zìdiān.  Tā zhèicì qù shi xiāng māi yige huāpíng.  Tā zhèicì qù shi yào kànkan muqin.  Tā zhèicì qù shi dāsuan qù huàn yìdiān qiān.  Tā zhèicì qù shi xiāng xué Zhōngwén.  Tā zhèicì qù shi dāsuan māi yìdiān dōngxi.
+1. Speaker: Wǒ míngtiān yào zài qù yícì.
 
-C. Substitution Drill
+我明天要再去一次。
 
-1. Speaker: Wo yǒu yìniǎn méi qù
-le.
+(Tomorrow I want to go again.)
 
-(cue) kànjian ta
+You: Wǒ zuótiān yòu qùle yícì.
 
-(I haven’t gone for a
-year.)
+我昨天又去了一次。
 
-You: Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi kànjian ta
-le.
+(Yesterday I went again.)
 
-(I haven’t seen him for a year.
+2. Tā hòutiān yào zài lái yícì.
 
-2. Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi kànjian ta le.
-dào Shànghǎi qù
+他後天要再來一次。
 
-Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi dào Shànghǎi qù
-le.
+Tā qiántiān yòu láile yícì.
 
-3. Wǒ yǒu yìnian méi dào Shànghǎi
-qù le. kàn Zhongwén bào
+他前天又來了一次。
 
-Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi kàn Zhongwén bào
-le.
+3. Tā míngnián yào zài niàn yícì.
 
-4. Wo yǒu yìniǎn méi kàn Zhongwén
-bào le. qù kàn ta
+他明年要再念一次。
 
-5. Wo yǒu yìniǎn méi qù kàn ta le.
-zuò fēijī
+Tā qùnián yòu niànle yícì.
 
-6. Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi zuò fēijī le.
-dào zhèr lǎi
+他去年又念了一次。
 
-Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi qù kàn ta le.
+4. Wǒ xiàge yuè yào zài kàn yícì.
 
-Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi zuò fēijī le.
+我下個月要再看一次。
 
-Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi dào zhèr lái le.
+Wǒ shàngge yuè yòu kànle yícì.
 
-7. Wo yǒu yìniǎn méi dào zhèr lǎi
-le.
+我上個月又看了一次。
 
-D. Transformation Drill
+5. Tā xiàge xīngqī yào zài zuò yícì.
 
-1- Speaker: Wǒ gēge qīng wo péi ta
-qù lùxíng.
+他下個星期要再做一次。
 
-(My older brother asked
-me to accompany him
-tin his3 travels.)
+Tā shàngge xīngqī yòu zuòle yícì.
 
-You: Wǒ děi péi wo gēge qù lǚxíng.
-(I must accompany my older
-brother Ein hisj travels.)
+他上個星期又做了一次。
 
-2. Wǒ Jiějie qīng wo péi ta qù
-mǎi dōngxi.
+6. Wǒ xiàwǔ yào zài xué yícì.
 
-3. Wǒ àiren qīng wo péi ta qù
-kàn péngyou.
+我下午要再學一次。
 
-4. Zhāng Tongzhì qīng wo péi ta
-dào Běijīng qù.
+Wǒ shàngwǔ yòu xuéle yícì.
 
-5. Lī Téngzhì qīng wo péi ta dào
-béwùguǎn qù.
+我上午又學了一次。
 
-Wǒ děi péi wǒ jiějie qù mǎi dongxi.
+7. Tā xiàge Xīngqīyī yào zài kāi yícì.
 
-Wǒ děi péi wǒ àiren qù kàn péngyou.
+他下個星期一要再開一次。
 
-Wǒ děi péi Zhāng Téngzhì dào
-Běijīng qù.
+Tā shàngge Xīngqīyī yòu kāile yícì.
 
-Wǒ děi péi Lī Téngzhì dào béwùguǎn
-qù.
+他上個星期一又開了一次。
 
-6. Tā qǐng wo péi ta qù mǎi shū.
+I. Transformation Drill
 
-Wǒ dei péi ta qù mǎi shū.
+1. Speaker: Nǐmen dōu qùguo shénme dìfang?
 
-7. Tā qǐng wo pei ta qù huàn qiǎn.
+你們都去過什麽地方？
 
-Wǒ děi pěi ta qù huàn qiǎn.
+(What places did you go to?)
 
-E. Substitution Drill
+(cue) zhèige dìfang
 
-1. Speaker:
+這個地方
 
-Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù
-zhīdào néng bu néng
-lǎi.
+You: Nǐmen dōu qùguo zhèige dìfang ma?
 
-(cue) shénme shíhou
-(At that time he did
-not yet know whether
-or not he would be
-able to come.)
+你們都去過這個地方嗎？
 
-You: Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
-shénme shíhou lái.
+(Did all of you go to this place?)
 
-(At that time he did not yet
-know what time to come.)
+2. Nǐmen dōu mǎi shénme le?
 
-2. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
-shenme shíhou lái.
+你們都買什麽了？
 
-xīngqījī
+shū
 
-3. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
-xīngqījī lái. kéyi bu keyi
+書
 
-4. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
-keyi bu keyi lái. Jīyuè
+Nǐmen dōu mǎi shū le ma?
 
-5. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
-Jīyuè lái. néng bu něng
+你們都買書了嗎？
 
-6. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
-něng bu něng lái. Jǐhào
+3. Nǐmen dōu yào shénme?
 
-Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
-xīngqījī lái.
+你們都要什麽？
 
-Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào kéyi
-bu keyi lái.
+mǎi lánde
 
-Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào Jīyuè
-lǎi.
+買藍的
 
-Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào néng
-bu něng lái.
+Nǐmen dōu yào mǎi lánde ma?
 
-Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào jǐhào
-lǎi.
+你們都要買懶得嗎？
 
-7. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
-Jǐhào lái.
+4. Nǐmen dōu zhùguo shénme fàndiàn?
 
-F. Response Drill
+你們都住過什麽飯店？
 
-1. Speaker： Nīmen dou qùguo shěnme
-dìfang?
+nèige fàndiàn
 
-(cue) Shànghǎi,
-Nánjīng
+那個飯店
 
-(What places did yǒu go
-to?)
+Nǐmen dōu zhùguo nèige fàndiàn ma?
 
-2. Nīmen dōu qùguo shěnme dìfang?
-nǐ shuode
+你們都住過那個飯店嗎？
 
-3. Nīmen dōu niànguo shěnme?
-zhàngzhixuě, JīngJixuě
+5. Nǐmen dōu niànguo shénme?
 
-if. Nīmen dōu mǎi shěnme le?
-zhuōzi, pǎnziwǎn
+你們都
 
-5. Nīmen zuětiān dōu mǎi shěnme le?
-shū, zázhì
+zhèngzhixué
 
-6. Nīmen dōu yào shěnme yǎnsède?
-lǎnde, hōngde
+政治學
 
-7. Nīmen Jīntiān dōu qùguo shěnme
-dìfang ?    bōwùguǎn,
+Nǐmen dōu niànguo zhèngzhixué ma?
 
-zhǎnlǎnguǎn
+你們念過政治學嗎？
 
-You: Shànghǎi, Nánjīng women dōu
-qù le,
+6. Nǐmen dōu kàn shénme diànyǐng le?
 
-(We went to both Shànghǎi
-and Nánjīng.)
+你們都看什麽電影了？
 
-Nǐ shuode nàixiē dìfang women dōu
-qù le.
+zhèige diànyǐng
 
-Zhèngzhixuě, JīngJixuě women dōu
-niàn le.
+這個電影
 
-Zhuōzi, pǎnziwǎn women dōu mǎi le
+Nǐmen dōu kàn zhèige diànyǐng le ma?
 
-Shū, zǎzhì wōmen dōu mǎi le.
+你們都看這個電影了嗎？
 
-Lǎnde, hongde women dōu yào.
+7. Nǐmen dōu xìng shénme?
 
-Bowùguǎn, zhǎnlǎnguǎn women dōu
-qù le.
+你們都姓什麽？
 
-G. Transformation Drill
+Lǐ
 
-1. Speaker: Tāmen dōu lái le ma?
-(cue) not all
+李
 
-(Did they all come?)
+Nǐmen dōu xìng Lǐ ma?
 
-2. Tāmen    dōu qù le ma?   none
-3. Tāmen    dōu zou le ma?  not all
-4. Tāmen    dōu mǎi le ma?  none
-5. Tāmen not    dōu mài Zhōngguo all    shū ma?
+你們都姓李嗎？
 
-6. Shànghǎi, Běijīng, Nánjīng
-tāmen dōu qùguo le ma?
-not all
+[134]
 
-7. Tāmen dōu lǎiguo ma? none
+Expansion Drill
 
-You: Tāmen měi dōu lái.
+Speaker: Tā yòu qù le.
 
-(Not all of them came.)
+他又去了。
 
-Tāmen dou měi qù.
+(He’s gone again.)
 
-Tāmen měi dōu zōu.
+(cue) huílai
 
-Tamen dōu měi mǎi.
+回來
 
-Tāmen bù dōu mài Zhōngguo shū,
+You: Tā wèishénme gāng huílai yòu qù le ne?
 
-Tāmen měi dōu qùguo.
+他爲什麽剛回來又去了呢？
 
-Tamen dōu měi lǎiguo.
+(Why did he go again when he had just come back?)
 
-H.  Transformation Drill
+2. Tā yòu lái le.
 
-1. Speaker: Wo míngtiān yào zài
-qù yícì.
+他又來了。
 
-(Tomorrow I want to go
-again.)
+huíqu
 
-2. Tā hòutiān yào zài lái yícì.
+回去
 
-3. Tā míngnián yào zài niàn yícì.
+Tā wèishénme gāng huíqu yòu lái le ne?
 
-4. Wǒ xiàge yuè yào zài kàn yícì.
+他爲什麽剛回去又來了呢。
 
-5. Tā xiàge xīngqī yào zài zuò
-yícì.
+3. Tā yòu zǒu le.
 
-6. Wǒ xiàwǔ yào zài xué yícì.
+他又走了。
 
-7. Tā xiàge Xīngqīyī yào zài kāi
-yícì.
+huílai
 
-You: Wǒ zuétiān yǒu qùle yícì.
+回來
 
-(Yesterday I went again.)
+Tā wèishénme gāng huílai yòu zǒu le ne?
 
-Tā qiántiān yǒu láile yícì.
+他爲什麽剛回來有走了呢？
 
-Tā qùnián yǒu niànle yícì.
+4. Tā yòu huíqu le.
 
-Wǒ shàngge yuè yǒu kànle yícì.
+他又回去了。
 
-Tà shàngge xīngqī yòu zuòle yícì.
+lái
 
-Wo shàngwǔ yòu xuele yícì.
+來
 
-Tā shàngge Xīngqīyī yòu kSile yícì
+Tā wèishénme gāng lái yòu huíqu le ne?
 
-I. Transformation Drill
+他爲什麽剛來又回去了呢？
 
-1. Speaker: Nīmen dou qùguo shenme
-dìfang?
+5. Tā yòu huílai le.
 
-(cue) zhèige dìfang
-(What places did you
-go to?)
+他又回來了。
 
-2. Nīmen dōu mǎi shénme le?
-shū
+qù
 
-3. Nīmen dōu yào shénme?
-mǎi lánde
+去
 
-4. Nīmen dōu zhùguo shénme fàndiàn?
-nèige fàndiàn
+Tā wèishénme gāng qù yòu huílai le ne?
 
-5. Nīmen dōu niànguo shénme?
-zhèngzhixué
+他爲什麽剛去又回來了呢？
 
-6. Nīmen dōu kàn shénme diànyīng
-le? zhèige diànyīng
+6. Tā yòu huílai le.
 
-7. Nīmen dōu xing shénme? Lī
+他又回來了。
 
-You: Nīmen dōu qùguo zhèige dìfang
-ma?
+zǒu
 
-(Did all of yǒu go to this
-place?)
+走
 
-Nīmen dōu mǎi shū le ma?
+Tā wèishénme gāng zǒu yòu huílai le ne?
 
-Nīmen dōu yào mǎi lánde ma?
+他爲什麽剛走又回來了呢？
 
-Nīmen dōu zhùguo nèige fàndiàn ma?
+7. Tā yòu qù le.
 
-Nīmen dōu niànguo zhèngzhixué ma?
+他又去了。
 
-Nīmen dōu kàn zhèige diànyīng le
-ma?
+huílai
 
-Nīmen dōu xing Lī ma?
+回來
 
-Expansion Drill
+Tā wèishénme gāng huílai yòu qù le ne?
 
-Speaker: Ta yǒu qù le.  (cue) huílai  (He’s gone again.)                You: Tā wèishénme gang huílai yǒu qù le ne?  (Why did he go again when he had just come back?)
-Ta  yǒu lai le. huíqu   Tā wèishénme le ne? gang huíqu yǒu lái
-Tā  yǒu zou le. huílai  Tā wèishénme le ne? gang huílai yǒu zou
-Tā  yǒu huíqu le.   lái Ta wèishénme le ne? gang lái yǒu huíqu
-Ta  yǒu huílai le.  lù  Tā wèishénme ne?    gang qù yǒu huílai le
-Tā  yǒu huílai le.  zou Tā wèishénme le ne? gang zǒu yǒu huílai
-Tā  yǒu qù le.  huílai  Tā wèishénme le ne? gang huílai yǒu qù
+他爲什麽剛回來又去了呢？