FSI-Chinese-text/Mod5.txt

[1]

MODULE 5: TRANSPORTATION

The Transportation Module (TRN) will provide you with the skills needed to use taxis, trains, buses, and planes in China.

Before starting this module, you must take and pass the DIR Criterion Test.

The TRN Criterion Test will focus largely on this module, but material from CRN, BIO, MON, DIR, and associated resource modules is also included.

OBJECTIVES

Upon successful completion of this module, the student should be able to

1. Give the English equivalent for any Chinese sentence in the TRN Target Lists.

2. Say any Chinese sentence in the TRN Target Lists when cued with its English equivalent.

3. Use the bus system: find out which buses go to a specific destination, at what times they leave, how often they run, where to buy tickets, where to change buses (if necessary), when the last bus of the day leaves, and where his stop is.

4. Take a taxi: hail one, tell the driver where to go, and use commands such as “hurry,” “slow down,” and “stop here."

5. Use the train system: find out which trains go to a specific destination, at what times they leave, when and where to buy tickets, whether or not tickets are available for a train leaving on a specific date at a specific time, the distance to the destination, the duration of the train trip to that place, which platform the train leaves from, what to do with luggage, and whether or not the train has a dining car.

6. Take a plane: reserve a ticket for a certain date and time; find out whether or not the flight is direct, the duration of the flight, and traveling time to the airport; and arrange for transportation to the airport.

7. Describe in detail a trip (taken in the past or planned for the future): places visited (which places and what they are like), traveling companions, transportation for the trip, length of stay, number of previous trips to the same places.

[4]

UNIT 1 TARGET LIST


1. Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē?

到西門町去，坐幾路車？

What bus do you take to get to Ximénding?

Zuò Shíbālù.

坐十八路。

Take Number 18.

2. Shíbālù chē duō bu duo?

十八路車多不多？

Are there many Number 18 buses?

Bù hěn duō.

不很多。

Not very many.

3. Měi gé jǐfēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē?

每隔幾分鐘有一班車？

How often is there a bus?

4. Wǒ měige Xīngqīliù dōu qù kàn diànyǐng.

我每個星期六都去看電影。

I go to see a movie every Saturday.

5. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi jǐdiān zhōng?

最後一班車是幾點鐘？

 What time is the last bus?

6. Zhèbān chē shì bu shi qù Xīméndīng?

這班車是不是去西門町？

Does this bus go to Xīméndīng?

Shì. Shàng chē ba!

是。上車吧！

Yes. Get on!

7. Dào Xīméndīngde shíhou, qǐng gàosong wǒ.

到西門町的時候，請告誦我。

When we get to Xīméndīng, please tell me.

8. Wǒ shì bu shi zài zhèli xià chē?

我是不是在這裏下車？

Is it here that I get off?

Bú shi. Xià yízhàn.

不是。下一站。

No. The next stop.

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY

(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

9. shàng-

上

last, previous (something)

10. tóu-

頭

first (something)

11. gàosu

告訴

to tell, to inform (alternate pronunciation for gàosong)

12. shǎo

少

to be few

13. xià chē

下車

to get off the bus; “Out, please!”

14. yǒu(de) shíhou

有(的)時候

sometimes

15. chéng

城

city

[5]

UNIT 2 TARGET LIST

1. Dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到展覽館有沒有直達車？

Is there a direct bus to the exhibition hall?

Měiyou. Zuò Yīlù chē, zuò dao Xīdān huàn chē.

沒有。坐一路車，坐到西單換車。

No. Take the Number 1 bus; take it to Xīdān and change buses.

2. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?

咱們在哪兒買票？

Where do we buy tickets?

Zài chēshang mǎi piào.

在車上買票。

We buy tickets on the bus.

3. Hǎo, xiànzài zǒu ba!

好，現在走吧。

Okay, let’s go now!

4. Èi! Zánmen bú shi zuòguò zhàn le ba?

誒！咱們不是坐過站了吧？

Hey! Haven’t we gone past our stop?

Hái méi ne. Xià yízhàn cái xià chē.

還沒呢。下一站才下車。

Not yet. We don’t get off until the next stop.

5. Láojià, Shíwǔlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?

勞駕，十五路汽車站在哪兒？

Excuse me, where is the Number 15 bus stop?

Jiù zài nèige lùkǒurshang.

就在那個路口兒上。

It’s (just) on that corner.

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY

(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

6. gōnggòng qìchē

公共汽車

public bus (local)

7. -li

裏

in (locational ending)

8. -shang

上

on

9. shàng ban

上班

to start work, to go to work

10. xià bān

下班

to get off from work, to leave work

[6]

UNIT 3 TARGET LIST

1. Wǒ yào zuò jìchéngchē dào huǒchēzhàn qu.

我要計程車到火車站去。

I want to take a taxi to the train station.

2. Wǒ zhǐ yǒu zhè liǎngjiàn xíngli.

我只有這兩件行李。

I have only these two suitcases.

Hǎo, wǒ ba xíngli fàng zai qiánbǐan.

好，我把行李放在前邊。

Okay, I’ll put the suitcases in front.

3. Nǐ kāide tài kuài le!

你開得太快了！

You are driving too fast!

4. Tā kāi chē, kāide bú kuài.

他開車，開得不快。

He doesn’t drive fast.

5. Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān, láidejí.

我們有時間，來得及。

We have time. We can make it in time.

6. Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi.

請慢一點開。

Please drive a little slower.

7. Bié kāi nàme kuāi!

別開那麽快！

Don’t drive so fast!

8. Qǐng ni zài qiánbian nèige yínháng tíng yíxià.

請你在前邊那個銀行聼一下。

Please stop at that bank up ahead for a moment.

9. Bú yòng zhǎo le.

不用找了。

Keep the change.

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY

(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

10. chūzū qìchē

出租汽車

taxi (PRC)

11. láibují

來不及

can’t make it in time

12. qìchē

汽車

car, motor vehicle

13. zhème

這麽

so, to this extent, in this way

14. zènme

怎麽

so, to this extent, in this way

[7]

UNIT 4 TARGET LIST


1. Wǒ xiǎng qù Táinán wán jitiān.

我想去臺南玩幾天。

I’m thinking of going to Tainan to relax for a few days.

2. Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne?

你説是坐火車去好呢，還是坐公路局去好呢？

Would you say it’s better to go by train or to go by bus?

Zuò huǒchē qu hǎo. Dào Táinán qù zuò Gōnglùjú bú dǎ fāngbian.

坐火車去好。到臺南去坐公路局不大方便。

It’s better to go by train. To go to Tainan, it's not very convenient to take the bus.

3. Zuò huǒchē děi xiān mǎi piào ma?

坐火車得先買票嗎？

If I take the train, is it necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?

Nǐ zuìhǎo liǎngsāntiān yǐqián qù mǎi piào.

你最好兩三天以前去買票。

It would be best for you to go to buy your tickets two or three days ahead of time.

Zuò Gōnglùjú ne?

坐公路局呢？

And if I take the bus?

Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.

不必先買票。

It's not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.

4. Nǐ yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē?

你要做什麽時候的車？

What train do you want to take?

Wǒ yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.

我要坐上午的車。

I want to take a morning train.

5. Duìbuqǐ, shàngwǔde piào dōu màiwán le.

對不起，上午的票都賣完了。

I’m sorry, the tickets for the morning trains are all sold out.

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY

(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

6. chuán

船

boat, ship

7. dìtiě

地鐵

subway (abbreviation for dìxià tiědào)

8. dìxià huǒchē

地下火車

underground train, subway

9. wán (wǎnr)

玩(兒)

to play, to relax, to enjoy oneself

10. -wán

完

to be finished (occurs in compound verbs of result)

[8]

UNIT 5 TARGET LIST

1. Wǒ xiǎng dào Nánjīng qù kànkan.

我想到南京去看看。

I would like to go to Nánjīng to look around.

Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù?

你計劃哪天去？

What day do you plan to go?

Míngtiān huòshi hòutiān qù dōu kéyi.

明天或是後天去都可以。

Tomorrow and (or) the day after are both possible.

2. Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duó yuǎn?

上海離南京有多遠。

How far is Shanghai from Nánjīng?

Yǒu liǎngbǎiwǔshiduō gōnglī.

有兩百五十多公里。

It’s over 250 kilometers.

3. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?

坐火車要走多少時候。

How long does it take to go by train?

Yào zǒu sìge bàn xiǎoshí.

要走四個半小時。

It takes four and a half hours.

4. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng qù. Yǐqiǎn méi qùguo.

這是我第一次到南京去。以前沒去過。

This will be the first time I have gone to Nánjīng. I haven’t gone there before.

5. Bànge xiǎoshí gòu le.

半個小時夠了。

Half an hour is enough.

6. Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.

我希望下午離開這兒。

I hope to leave here in the afternoon.

Shísāndiǎn líng wǔfēn yǒu yítàng tèkuài.

十三點零五分有一趟特快。

There’s an express at 1305.

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY

(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

7. dǎsuan

打算

to plan to

8. huòzhě (huòzhe)

或者

or (alternate form of huòshi)

9. yǐhòu

以後

afterwards, later on, in the future

10. zhōngtóu

鐘頭

hour (alternate word for xiǎoshí)

[9]

UNIT 6 TARGET LIST

1. Huǒchē jǐdiǎn zhōng kāi?

火車幾點鐘開？

What time does the train leave?

Shíbādiǎn wǔshiwǔfēn fā chē.

十八點五十五分發車。

It departs at 1855.

2. Qǐng nǐ bǎ nǐde hùzhào hé lǚxíngzhèng gěi wo.

請你把你的護照和旅行證給我。

Please give me your passport and travel permit.

3. Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài dìjǐ zhàntái?

到上海取得車在第幾站臺？

On which platform is the train to Shànghǎi?

4. Bú yòng jí. Hái zǎo ne. Nǐ xiān zài zhèige jiēdàishì xiūxi xiuxi.

不用急。還早呢。你先在這個接待室休息休息。

No need to be anxious. It’s still early. First, rest a bit in this waiting room.

5. Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli zěnme bàn? Shì bu shi kéyi náshang chē qu?

我這件行李怎麽辦？是不是可以拿上車去。

What should I do about this suitcase of mine? May I take it onto the train?

Kéyi bǎ xíngli náshang chē qu.

可以把行李拿上車去。

You may take the suitcase onto the train.

6. Zhèibān chē yǒu cānchē ba?

這班車有餐車吧？

This train has a dining car, I suppose?

Yǒu. Yǒu Zhōngcān, yě yǒu Xīcān.

有。有中餐，也有西餐。

Yes. There’s Chinese food and there’s also Western food.

Hǎojíle.

好極了。

Great.

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY

(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

7. bān

搬

to move

8. náshangqu

拿上去

to take up

náshanglai

拿上來

to bring up

náxiaqu

拿下去

to take down

náxialai

拿下來

to bring down

9. pǎo

跑

to run

10. wǎn

晚

to be late

11. yuètái

月臺

train platform (alternate word for zhàntái, more common in Taiwan)

[10]

UNIT 7 TARGET LIST

1. Lǎo Sòng, zěnmeyàng? Máng ne?

老宋，怎麽樣？忙呢？

Song, how are things going? Are you busy?

Bù zěnme máng.

不怎麽忙。

Not especially busy.

2. Qǐng ni gěi wo dìng yìzhāng fēijī piào.

請你給我訂一張飛機票。

Please reserve a plane ticket for me.

3. Piào dìnghǎo le.

票訂好了。

The ticket has been reserved.

Něibān fēijī? Jǐdiǎn zhōng qǐfēi?

哪班飛機？幾點鐘起飛？

Which flight? What time does it take off?

4. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Guǎngzhōuma?

這班飛機直飛廣州嗎？

Does this flight go directly to Guǎngzhōu?

5. Cóng Sānlǐtún dào fēijīchǎng yào duōshao shíjiān?

從三里屯到飛機場要多少時間？

How much time does it take to go from Sānlǐtún to the airport?

6. Rúguǒ wǒ bādiǎn zhōng líkāi jiā, láidejí ba?

如果我八點鐘離開家，來得及吧？

If I leave home at eight o’clock, I can make it in time. Right?

7. Qǐng ni pài ge chē lái jiē wo, sòng wo dào fēijīchǎng qu.

請你派個車來接我，送我到飛機場去。

Please send a car to pick me up and take me to the airport.

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY

(not presented on C-1 and P~1 tapes)

8. -hǎo le

好了

to be satisfactorily completed

9. lǚguǎn

旅館

hotel

10. shuōhǎo le

説好了

to have come to an agreement (about something); (something) has been agreed on

11. xiǎnghǎo le

想好了

to have reached a conclusion (about something); (something) has been thought out

12. yàoshi

要是

if (alternate word for rúguǒ)

13. zuòhǎo le

做好了

to have finished doing (something); (something) has been finished

[11]

UNIT 8 TARGET LIST

1. Hǎo jiǔ méi jiàn, nín chū mén le ba?

好久沒見，您出門了吧？

I haven’t seen you in a long time. You have been away, I suppose?

2. Nín wèishénme gāng huílai yòu qù le ne?

您為什麽剛回來又去了呢？

Why did you go again when you had just come back from there?

Wǒ zhèicì dào Guǎngzhōu qù shi yīnwei wǒ yǒu yige hěn hǎode péngyou cóng Xiānggǎng lái.

我這次到廣州去是因爲我有一個很好的朋友從香港來。

This time I went to Guǎngzhōu because I had a very good friend coming there from Hong Kong.

3. Wǒmen yǒu yìnián méi jiàn le.

我們有一年沒見了。

We had not seen each other for a year.

Tā qǐng wo péi ta yìqǐ qù lǚxíng.

她請我陪她一起去旅行。

She asked me to accompany her (in her) travels.

4. Sānge yuè yǐqián tā hái bù zhīdào néng bu néng lái.

三個月以前她還不知道能不能來。

Three months ago she didn’t know yet whether she would be able to come or not.

5. Nǐmen dōu qùguo shénme dìfang?

你們都去過什麽地方？

What places did you go to?

6. Hángzhōu gēn Sūzhōu zhēn shi piàoliang.

杭州跟蘇州真是漂亮。

Hángzhōu and Sūzhōu are really beautiful.

7. Yǒu jīhui wǒ yào zài qù yícì.

有機會我要再去一次。

If I have the chance, I would like to go again.

8. Zhèixiē dìfang nǐ dōu qùguo le ba?

這些地方你都去過了吧？

You have gone to all those places, I suppose?

Méi dōu qùguo.

沒都去過。

I haven’t been to all of them.

9. huí guó

回國

to return to one’s native country

10. huí jiā

回家

to come/go home

11. huíqu

回去

to go back

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY

(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

12. rènao

熱鬧

to be lively/bustling/noisy

13. yǒu yìsi

有意思

to be interesting

14. méi(yǒu) yìsi

沒(有)意思

to be uninteresting

15. suǒyǐ (suóyi)

所以

therefore, so

[12]

UNIT 1

REFERENCE LIST

1. A: Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē?

到西門町去，坐幾路車？

What bus do you take to get to Xīméndīng?

B: Zuò Shíbālù.

坐十八路。

Take Number 18.

2. A: Shíbālù chē duō bu duo?

十八路車多不多？

Are there many Number 18 buses?

B: Bù hěn duō.

不很多。

Not very many.

3. A: Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?

每隔多少時候有一班車。

How much time is there between buses?

B: Měi gé èrshifēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.

每隔二十分鐘有一班。

There’s one every twenty minutes.

4. C: Wǒ měige Xīngqīliù dōu qù kàn diànyǐng.

我每個星期六都去看電影。

I go to see a movie every Saturday.

5. A: Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

最後一班車是幾點鐘？

What time is the last bus?

B: Shíyīdiǎn shífēn.

十一點十分。

Eleven-ten.

6. D: Zhèbān chē shì bu shi qù Xīméndīng?

這班車是不是去西門町？

Does this bus go to Xīméndīng?

E: Shì. Shàng chē ba!

是。上車吧！

Yes, Get on!

7. A: Dào Xīméndīngde shíhou, qǐng gàosong wǒ.

到西門町的時候，請告誦我。

When we get to Xīméndīng, please tell me.

F: Hǎo.

好。

Okay.

8. A: Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Xīméndīng?

還有幾站到西門町？

How many more stops are there to (before) Xīméndīng?

F: Xià yízhàn jiù shi Xīměndīng.

下一站就是西門町。

The next stop is Xīméndīng.

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY

(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

9. shàng-

上

last, previous (something)

10. tóu-

頭

first (something)

[13]

11. gàosu

告訴

to tell, to inform (alternate pronunciation for gàosong)

12. shǎo

少

to be few

13. xià chē

下車

to get off the bus; “Out, please!"

14. yǒu(de) shíhou

有(的)時候

sometimes

15. chéng

城

city

[14]

VOCABULARY

-bān

班

(counter for regularly scheduled trips of buses, planes, subways, trains, etc.)

chē

車

vehicle, bus, car

chéng

城

city

duō

多

to be many

-fēn

分

a minute

gàosong

告誦

to tell, to inform

gàosu

告訴

to tell, to inform

gé

隔

to separate, to divide off

jǐlù chē

幾路車

what number bus

měi-

每

every, each

shàng

上

to get on

shàng-

上

last, previous (something)

shǎo

少

to be few

tóu-

頭

first (something)

xià

下

to get off

xià-

下

next (something)

xià chē

下車

to get off the bus; “Out, please!”

Xīmēndīng

西門町

(an area of Taipei)

yǒu(de) shíhou

有(的)時候

sometimes

zhàn

站

a stop, a station

zuìhòu

最後

last, final (something)

(introduced on C-2 and P-2 tapes)

Běihǎi Gōngyuán

北海公園

(a famous park in Běijīng)

biěde shíhou

別的時候

other times

Dōngjīng

東京

Tokyo

fàng jià

放假

to close for a holiday

hǎowán

好玩

to “be fun (lit. , “good for relaxing”)

huì

會

will

sījī

司機

driver of a hired vehicle

zǒu ba

走吧

let’s go

[15]

REFERENCE NOTES

1. A: Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē?

到西門町去，坐幾路車？

What bus do you take to get to Xīméndīng?

B: Zuò Shíbālù.

坐十八路。

Take Number 18.

2. A: Shíbālù chē duō bu duo?

十八路車多不多？

Are there many Number 18 buses?

B: Bù hěn duō.

不很多。

Not very many.

Notes on Nos. 1-2

Xīméndīng literally means “West Gate ding”—dīng being a Japanese term for “district.” Xīméndīng is the area of Taipei which surrounds the former west gate of the city. Today the district includes many shops, department stores, and movie theaters.

Lù is the word for “route.” The question jǐlù? asks for the route number of the bus.

Zuò, “to ride/to go by/to take [a conveyance]”:* Here zuò (literally, "to sit”) means to go by some means of transportation which the passenger is inside of (e.g., car, plane, boat, train, bus, elevator—NOT a motor- cycle or a horse). In exchange 1, zuò is used as a main verb. It can also be used as a prepositional verb, as in


Nǐ zěnme qù?

你怎麽去？

How are you going? (i.e., by what means of transportation)

Wǒ zuò huǒchē qù.

我坐火車去。

I am going by train.

*Zuò appeared earlier in Zuò diàntī dào èrlou, “Take the elevator to the second floor."

Duō, “to be many/much,” is an adjectival verb.** There are several points to remember about duō:

**Adjectival verbs are one type of STATE verb. See BIO, Unit 6.

a.  Adjectival verbs are sometimes used before a noun to modify it (e.g., xīn zhuōzi, “new table"; dà fángzi, “big house"). However, when duō is used in this way, it must be modified, for example, by hěn or tài.

Tā mǎile hěn duō dōngxi.

他買了很多東西。

He bought a lot of things.

Běijīng jiēshang yǒu hěn duō cèsuǒ.

比較街上有很多厠所。

There are many toilets on the streets of Běijīng.

b.  Much more often, however, duō is used as the main verb of a sentence.

Nǐde shū zhēn duō!

你的書很多。

You really have a lot of books!

Jīntiān jiēshangde rén hěn duō.

今天的街上的人很多。

There are a lot of people out today, (literally, “on the streets today")

[16]

c.  Often it does not occur to students to use duō as the main verb of a sentence because in English they do not usually say “The students are many.” They would say “There are many students,” with “many” as an adjective preceding “students.” Compare:

Zhèrde rén hěn duō.

這兒的人很多。

(There are a lot of people here.)

Láide rén hěn duō.

來的人很多。

(A lot of people came.)

NOTE: Shǎo, “to be few,” is used in almost the same ways as duō. (See Notes on Additional Required Vocabulary.)

3. A: Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?

每隔多少時候有一班車。

How much time is there between buses?

B: Měi gé èrshifēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.

每隔二十分鐘有一班。

There’s one every twenty minutes.

Notes on No. 3

Měi- is the word for “each,” “every."

Gé is a verb meaning “to separate,” “to divide.” It is used for intervals of time between regularly occurring events (e.g., “every half hour"). In exchange 3, gé refers to the length of time between buses.

měi    gé                      duōshao     shíhou

每      隔                       多少         時候

(every  divide-off [interval]   how much    time)    “(every) how often”

The first sentence could also be translated as “How often is there a bus?” or “How often do the buses run?"

Yìbān chē: The counter -bān is used for scheduled trips, or runs, of a vehicle. Yìbān chē is one bus run.

Èrshifēn zhōng: The counter -fēn, for minutes, is usually followed by zhōng, “clock.” (Zhōng means “o’clock” in telling time.) “One minute” is yìfēn zhōng.

[17]

Měi      gé          èrshifēn zhōng   yǒu         yìbān       chē.

每       隔           二十分鐘          有           一班         車。

(each   interval    twenty minutes   there is    one [run]   bus)

“There’s a bus every twenty minutes.”

4. C: Wǒ měige Xīngqīliù dōu qù kàn diànyǐng.

我每個星期六都去看電影。

I go to see a movie every Saturday.

Notes on No. 4

Měige: When used with a noun, měi- acts as a specifier and must be followed by a counter or a noun that does not require a counter.

měi(ge) rěn

每(個)人

every person

měizhāng zhuōzi

每個桌子

every table

měitiān

每天

every day

Dōu, “all”: Here the adverb dōu implies “each and every,” or “without exception”—“every Saturday, without exception.” When the subject of a sentence is specified by měi-, the following verb is usually modified by the adverb dōu.

5. A: Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

最後一班車是幾點鐘？

What time is the last bus?

B: Shíyīdiǎn shífēn.

十一點十分。

Eleven-ten.

Note on No. 5

Zuìhòu yìbān chē: Zuì is the word for “most,” or “-est.” Zuìhòu means “latest,” or “last.” Note the order in which the elements of this phrase appear:

zuìhòu    yì    -ban    chē

最後       一     班      車

(last     one   run     bus)

“the last bus”

Both the number and the counter are required in this phrase.

[18]

Compare:

tóu     yì   -ban   chē

頭      一     班     車

“the first bus”

xià     yì   -ban   chē

下      一     班     車

“the next bus”

shàng   yì   -ban   chē

上      一     班     車

“the last (previous) bus”

(See Note on No. 8 and Notes on Additional Required Vocabulary for xià-, “next”; shàng-, “last,” “previous"; and tóu-, “first.")

6. D: Zhèbān chē shì bu shi qù Xīméndīng?

這班車是不是去西門町？

Does this bus go to Xīméndīng?

E: Shì. Shàng chē ba!

是。上車吧！

Yes, Get on!

Notes on No. 6

Shì bu shi qù, “does it go to”:* The use of shì bu shi qù rather than qù bu qu in this sentence implies that the speaker has an idea that the bus does go to Xīméndīng and wants to make sure. (Zhèbān chē qù bu qu Xīméndīng? would also be correct.)

*For a discussion of the use of shì bu shi before another verb to form a question, see MON, Unit 5, notes on No. 8.

Qù Xīméndīng, “go to Xīméndīng": The destination directly follows the main verb qù. You now know two ways to indicate destination:

Wo dào Xīméndīng qù.

我到西門町去。

I am going to Xīméndīng.

Wo qù Xīméndīng.

我去西門町。

The two forms are equally widely used.

Shàng chē: This verb has several meanings. In the Directions Module, the meaning was “to go up” in Shàng lóu, yòubian jiù shi mài dìtúde. In this exchange, the meaning of shàng is “to get on/in [a vehicle]."

[19]

7. A: Dào Xīméndīngde shíhou, qǐng gàosong wǒ.

到西門町的時候，請告誦我。

When we get to Xīméndīng, please tell me.

F: Hǎo.

好。

Okay.

Note on No. 7

Dào Xīméndīngde shíhou means “when we arrive in Xīméndīng.” If yǒu want to say, in Chinese, “when [something happens],” add -de shíhou to the phrase which names the happening.

In English, “when” can mean either “during the same time” (e.g., “when I was a student") or “immediately after” (e.g., “when the light turns green"). In Chinese, however, two different expressions are used for the two meanings: -de shíhou for “at the same time” and yǐhou for “immediately after.”

Wǒ zài Xiānggǎngde shíhou hěn xǐhuan qù kàn diànyǐng.

我在香港的時候很喜歡去看電影。

When [i.e., while] I was in Hong Kong, I liked to go to the movies very much.

Wǒ dàole Táiběi yīhòu, mǎile hěn duō Zhōngwén shū.

我到了臺北以後，買了很多中文書。

When [i.e., after] I got to Taipei, I bought a lot of Chinese books.

8. A: Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Xīméndīng?

還有幾站到西門町？

How many more stops are there to (before) Xīméndīng?

F: Xià yízhàn jiù shi Xīměndīng.

下一站就是西門町。

The next stop is Xīméndīng.

Note on No. 8

Xià yízhàn: Here xià means “the next.” It is a specifier. Xià is usually followed by a numeral or a counter, as in the following examples:

xiàge yuè

下個月

next month

xià yíbān chē

下一班車

the next bus

The phrase xià yízhàn contains no counter because -zhàn, like -nián and -tiān, is not used with a counter.

[20]

9. shàng-

上

last, previous (something)

10. tóu-

頭

first (something)

11. gàosu

告訴

to tell (alternate pronunciation)

12. shǎo

少

to be few

13. xià chē

下車

to get off the bus; “Out, please.”

14. yǒu(de) shíhou

有的時候

sometimes

15. chéng

城

city

Notes on Additional Required Vocabulary

The specifier shàng-, “last,” “previous,” is used in the same patterns as xià-.

shàngge yuè

上個月

last month

shàng yìbān chē

上一班車

the previous bus

Tóu-, “first,” literally “head": Let’s contrast dì- and tóu-: Dì- has no meaning of its own. Its function is to make a cardinal number into an ordinal number: for example, sān, “three,” becomes dìsān, “third,” as in dìsānge mén, “the third door.” Tóu- has a meaning of its own: “first,” as in tóusānge men, “the first three doors.”

Tóu- is always followed by at least a number plus a counter (or a noun that does not require a counter).

tóuliǎngge rén

頭兩個人

the first two people

tóusānběn

頭三本

the first three volumes

tóusìtiān

頭四天

the first four days

Notice that tóuliāngge, “the first two,” and dìèrge, “the second one,” must use different words for “two,” because

tóuliāngge

頭兩個

(COUNTING)

dìèrge

第二個

(NOT COUNTING)

Tóuyige， “the first one,” and dìyīge, “the first one,” are similar in meaning and often interchangeable.

Gàosu, “to tell”: Gaosong is the usual colloquial pronunciation in Běijīng speech. Gàosu is the usual colloquial pronunciation in many other places in China, including Taiwan. The fact that, in a Taipei setting, the first speaker in exchange 7 uses gàosong tells yǒu that he is almost certainly not a native of Taiwan.

Shǎo, “to be few”: Most of the comments about duō in these Reference Notes (exchange 2) also apply to the adjectival verb shǎo. Most frequently shǎo is used as the main verb of a sentence.

Wǒde qián bù shǎo.

我的錢不少。

I have quite a bit of money.

Zài Táiwān méiyou gōngzuòde rén hěn shǎo.

在臺灣沒有工作的人很少。

There are few people in Taiwan who do not have Jobs.

[21]

One point deserves special attention: Although you may say hěn duō shū for “a lot of books,” you may not say hěn shǎo shū. Hěn shǎo can rarely modify a noun which follows—and neither can tài shǎo, zhēn shǎo, and related expressions.

Xià chē, “to get off [a vehicle],” may be used to signal that you wish to get off—that this is your stop. The expression would be translated as “Out, please,” or “Getting off, getting off,” used by passengers in crowded buses and elevators.

Yǒu(de) shíhou, “sometimes,” precedes the verb of a sentence, as other time expressions do.

Tā yǒude shíhou kàn Yīngwén bào.

他有的時候看英文報。

He sometimes reads English newspapers.

Wǒ yǒu shíhou zuò Shíbālù chē.

我有時候坐十八路車。

Sometimes I take the Number 18 bus.

Originally, chéng meant “city wall.” This early meaning still affects modern usage: you must say “going INto the city,” not just “to the city.”

Tā jīntiān dào chénglǐtou qù.

他今天到城裏頭去。

He is going to the city today.

[22]

VOCABULARY BOOSTER

Modes of Transportation

bicycle

[Běijīng]

zìxíngchē

自行車

[Taiwan]

jiǎotàchē

脚踏車

boat

chuán

船

motorboat

qìtǐng

汽艇

rowboat

huátǐng

划艇

sailboat

fānchuán

帆船

sampan

shānbǎn

舢舨

bus

gōnggòng qìchē

公共汽車

coach (long-distance)

chángtú qìchē

長途汽車

car (automobile)

qìchē

汽車

chēzi

車子

chē

車

helicopter

zhíshēngfēijī

直升飛機

horseback riding

qí mǎ

騎馬

jeep

jípǔchē

吉普車

motorcycle

mótuōchē

摩托車

plane

fēijī

飛機

jet

[PRC]

pēnqìshì fēijī

噴氣式飛機

[PRC]

pēnqìjī

噴氣機

[Taiwan]

pēnshèshì fēijī

噴射式飛機

[Taiwan]

pēnshèjī

噴射機

subway

dìxiàtiě

地下鐵

dìtiě

地鐵

dìxià huǒchē

地下火車

taxi

[PRC]

chūzū qìchē

出租汽車

[PRC]

chūzū chē

出租車

[Taiwan]

jìchéngchē

計程車

train

huǒchē

火車

trolley

diànchē

電車

truck

kǎchē

卡車

walking

zǒu lù

走路

[23]

DRILLS

A. Expansion Drill


1. Speaker: Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē?

到西門町去，坐幾路車？

(What bus do you take to get to Xīméndīng?)

(cue) hasn’t yet

You： Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē, tā hái méi gàosu wo.

到西門町去，坐幾路車，他還沒告訴我。

(He hasn’t yet told me what bus to take to get to Xīméndīng.)

2. Dào Wǔguānchù qù, zuò jǐlù chē?

到武官処去，坐幾路車？

has already

Dào Wǔguānchù qù, zuò jǐlù chē, tā yǐjīng gàosu wo le.

到武官処去，坐幾路車，他已經告訴我了。

3. Dào Nánjīng Lù qù, zuò jǐlù chē?

到南京路去，坐幾路車？

did not

Dào Nánjīng Lù qù, zuò jǐlù chē, tā méi gàosu wo.

到南京路去，坐幾路車，他沒告訴我。

4. Dào Zhōngshān Lù qù, zuò jǐlù chē?

到中山路去，坐幾路車？

hasn’t yet

Dào Zhōngshān Lù qù, zuò jǐlù chē, tā hai méi gàosu wo.

到中山路去，坐幾路車，他還沒告訴我。

5. Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē?

到西門町去，坐幾路車？

has already

Dào Xīméndīng qù, zuò jǐlù chē, tā yǐjīng gàosu wo le.

到西門町去，坐幾路車，他已經告訴我了。

6. Dào tā jiā qù, zuò jǐlù chē?

到他家去，坐幾路車？

hasn’t yet

Dào tā jiā qù, zuò jǐlù chē, tā hái méi gàosu wo.

到他家去，坐幾路車，他還沒告訴我。

7. Dào càishichǎng qù, zuò jǐlù chē?

到菜市場去，坐幾路車？

did not

Dào càishichǎng qù, zuò jǐlù chē, tā méi gàosu wo.

到菜市場去，坐幾路車，他沒告訴我。

B.

Expansion Drill

1. Speaker： Zuò Shíbālù chē.

坐十八路車。

(Take the Number 18 bus.)

You： Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Shíbālù chē, kéyi bu keyi?

請你告訴我，坐十八路車，可以不可以？

(Please tell me, would it be all right to take the Number 18 bus?)

2. Zuò Yílù chē.

坐一路車。

Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Yílù chē, kéyi bu keyi?

請你告訴我，坐一路車，可以不可以？

3. Zuò Shílù chē.

坐十路車。

Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Shílù chē, kéyi bu keyi?

請你告訴我，坐十路車，可以不可以？

4. Zuò Liùlù chē.

坐六路車。

Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Liùlù chē, kéyi bu keyi?

請你告訴我，坐六路車，可以不可以？

5. Zuò Wǔlù chē.

坐五路車。

Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Wǔlù chē, kéyi bu keyi?

請你告訴我，坐五路車，可以不可以？

[24]

6. Zuò Qílù chē.

坐七路車。

Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Qílù chē, kéyi bu keyi?

請你告訴我，坐七路車，可以不可以？

7. Zuò Shíèrlù chē.

坐十二路車。

Qǐng ni gàosu wo, zuò Shíèrlù chē, kéyi bu keyi?

請你告訴我，坐十二路車，可以不可以？

C. Response Drill

1. Speaker: Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?

每隔多少時候有一班車？

(How often is there a bus?)

(cue) èrshifēn zhōng

二十分鐘

You: Měi gé èrshifēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē.

每隔二十分鐘有一班車。

(There’s a bus every twenty minutes.)

2. Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?

每隔多少時候有一班車？

shífēn zhōng

十分鐘

Měi gé shífēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē.

每隔十分鐘有一班車。

3. Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?

每隔多少時候有一班車？

wǔfēn zhōng

五分鐘

Měi gé wǔfēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē.

每隔五分鐘有一班車。

4. Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?

每隔多少時候有一班車？

bāfēn zhōng

八分鐘

Měi gé bāfēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē.

每隔八分鐘有一班車。

5. Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?

每隔多少時候有一班車？

èrshifēn zhōng

二十分鐘

Měi gé èrshifēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē.

每隔二十分鐘有一班車。

6. Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?

每隔多少時候有一班車？

shíwǔfēn zhōng

十五分鐘

Měi gé shíwǔfēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē.

每隔十五分鐘有一班車。

7. Měi gé duōshao shíhou yǒu yìbān chē?

每隔多少時候有一班車？

shíèrfēn zhōng

十二分鐘

Měi gé shíèrfēn zhōng yǒu yìbān chē.

每隔十二分鐘有一班車。

[25]

D.  Response Drill

1. Speaker: Shíbālù chē duo bu duo?

十八路車多不多？

(Are there many Number 18 buses?)

(cue) èrshifēn zhōng

二十分鐘

You: Bù shǎo. Měi gé èrshifēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.

不少。每個二十分鐘有一班。

(Quite a few. There’s one every twenty minutes.)

2. Yílù chē duō bu duo?

一路車多不多？

wǔfēn zhōng

五分鐘

Bù shǎo. Měi gé wǔfēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.

不少。每個五分鐘有一班。

3. Dào Táinán qùde chē duō bu duo?

到臺南去的車多不多？

wǔshifēn zhōng

五十分鐘

Bù shǎo. Měi gé wǔshifēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.

不少。每個五十分鐘有一班。

4. Dào Jīlóng qùde chē duō bu duo?

到基隆車多不多？

sìshifēn zhōng

四十分鐘

Bù shǎo. Měi gé sìshifēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.

不少。每個四十分鐘有一班。

5. Shílù chē duō bu duo?

十五車多不多？

shífēn zhōng

十分鐘

Bù shǎo. Měi gé shífēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.

不少。每個十分鐘有一班。

6. Sānlù chē duo bu duo?

三路車多不多？

èrshiwǔfēn zhōng

二十五分鐘

Bù shǎo. Měi gé èrshiwǔfēn zhōng yǒu yìbān.

不少。每個二十五分鐘有一班。

7. Èrlù chē duō bu duo?

二路車多不多？

shíwǔfēn zhōng

十五分鐘

Bù shǎo. Měi gé shíwǔfēn zhōng you yìbān.

不少。每個十五分鐘有一班。

E.  Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

那班車是幾點鐘。

(What time is that bus?)

(cue) Táizhōng

臺中

You: Qǐngwèn, dào Táizhōng qùde nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

請問，到臺中去的那班車是幾點鐘。

(May I ask, what time is that bus to Taizhong?)

2. Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

那班車是幾點鐘、

Táinán

臺南

Qǐngwèn, dào Táinán qùde nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

請問，到臺南去的那班車是幾點鐘。

3. Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

那班車是幾點鐘

Jīlōng

基隆

Qǐngwèn, dào Jīlōng qùde nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhong?

請問，到基隆去的那班車是幾點鐘。

4. Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

那班車是幾點鐘

Jiāyì

嘉義

Qǐngwèn, dào Jiāyì qùde nèiban chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

請問，到嘉義去的那班車是幾點鐘。

5. Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

那班車是幾點鐘

Táiběi

臺北

Qǐngwèn, dào Táiběi qùde nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

請問，到臺北去的那班車是幾點鐘。

6. Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

那班車是幾點鐘

Huālián

花蓮

Qǐngwèn, dào Huālián qùde nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

請問，到花蓮去的那班車是幾點鐘。

[26]

7. Nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

那班車是幾點鐘？

Gāoxióng

高雄

Qǐngwèn, dào Gāoxióng qùde nèibān chē shi jǐdiǎn zhōng?

請問，到高雄去的那班車是幾點鐘。

F.  Response Drill

1. Speaker: Zhè shì bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?

這是不是最後一班車？

(Is this the last bus?)

(cue) 11:10

You: Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíyīdiǎn shífēn.

不是。最後一班車是十一點十分。

(No. The last bus is at 11:10.)

2. Zhè shì bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?

這是不是最後一班車？

11:30

Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíyīdiǎn ban.

不是。最後一班車是十一點半。

3. Zhè shì bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?

這是不是最後一班車？

12:00

Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíèrdiǎn.

不是。最後一班車是十二點。

4. Zhè shì bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?

這是不是最後一班車？

11:40

Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíyīdiǎn sìshifēn.

不是。最後一班車是十一點四十分。

5. Zhè shì bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?

這是不是最後一班車？

12:10

Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíèrdiǎn shífēn.

不是。最後一班車是十二點十分。

6. Zhè shì bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?

這是不是最後一班車？

11:00

Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shíyīdiǎn.

不是。最後一班車是十一點。

7. Zhè shì bu shi zuìhòu yìbān chē?

這是不是最後一班車？

10:50

Bú shi. Zuìhòu yìbān chē shi shídiǎn wúshifēn.

不是。最後一班車是十點五十分。

G.  Transformation Drill

1. Speaker: Zhèibān chē dào Xīméndīng qù ma?

這班車到西門町去嗎？

(Does this bus go to Xīméndīng?)

You: Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Xīméndīng?

 這班車是不是去西門町？

(Does this bus go to Xīméndīng?)

2. Zhèibān chē dào Zhōngshān Běilù qù ma?

這班車到中山北路去嗎？

Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Zhōngshān Běilù?

這班車是不是去中山北路？

3. Zhèibān chē dào Zhōnghuá Lù qù ma?

這班車到中華路去嗎？

Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Zhōnghuā Lù?

這班車是不是去中華路？

4. Zhèibān chē dào Zìyóu Lù qù ma?

這班車到自由路去嗎？

Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Zìyóu Lù?

這班車是不是去自由路？

[27]

5. Zhèibān chē dào Rén'ài Lù qù ma?

這班車到仁愛路去嗎？

Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Rén'ài Lù?

這班車是不是去仁愛路？

6. Zhèibān chē dào Nánjīng Dōnglù qù ma?

這班車到南京東路去嗎？

Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Nánjīng Dōnglù?

這班車是不是去南京東路？

7. Zhèibān chē dào Hépíng Xīlù qù ma?

這班車到和平西路去嗎？

Zhèibān chē shì bu shi qù Hépíng Xīlù?

這班車是不是去和平西路？

H.  Transformation Drill

1. Speaker: Tā xià chē le.

他下車了。

(He got off the bus.)

(cue) Xīméndīng

You: Tā shì zài Xīméndīng xiàde chē

他是在西門町下的車。

(He got off the bus at Xīméndīng.)

OR Tā xià chē.

他下車。

(He is getting off the bus.)

(cue) Xīméndīng

Tā zài Xīméndīng xià chē.

他在西門町下車。

(He is getting off the bus at Xīméndīng.)

2. Tā shàng chē le.

他上車了。

Zhōngshān Běilù

中山北路

Tā shì zài Zhōngshān Běilù shàngde chē.

他是在中山北路上的車。

3. Tā shàng chē.

他上車。

Hépíng Dōnglù

和平東路

Tǎ zài Hépíng Dōnglù shàng chē.

他在和平東路上車。

4. Tā xià chē le.

他下車了。

Mínshēng Lù

民生路

Tā shì zài Mínshēng Lù xiàde chē.

他是在民生路下的車。

5. Tā shàng chē le.

他上車了。

Rén'ài Lù

仁愛路

Tā shì zài Rén'ài Lù shàngde chē.

他是在仁愛路上的車。

6. Tā xià chē.

他下車。

Zhōnghuá Lù

中華路

Tā zài Zhōnghuá Lù xià chē.

他在中華路下車。

I. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Dào Xīméndīng qǐng gàosu wo.

到西門町請告訴我。

(When we GET TO Xīméndīng, please tell me.)

(cue) shíhou

時候

You: Dào Xīméndīngde shíhou qǐng gàosu wo.

到西門町時候請訴我。

(When we get to XIMENDING, please tell me.)

2. Dào Zhōngshān Běilù qǐng gàosu wo.

到中山北路請告訴我。

yǐqián

以前

Dào Zhōngshān Běilù yǐqián qǐng gàosu wo.

到中山北路以前請告訴我。

3. Dào Nánjīng Dōnglù qǐng gàosu wo.

到南京東路請告訴我。

shíhou

時候

Dào Nánjīng Dōnglùde shíhou qǐng gàosu wo.

到南京東路時候請告訴我。

[28]

4. Dào Rén'ài Lù qǐng gàosu wo.

到仁愛請告訴我。

yǐqián

以前

Dào Rén'ài Lù yiqián qǐng gàosu wo.

到仁愛以前請告訴我。

5. Dào Mínquán Lù qǐng gàosu wo.

到民權路請告訴我。

shíhou

時候

Dào Mínquán Lùde shíhou qǐng gàosu wo.

到民權路時候請告訴我

6. Dào Hépíng Xīlù qǐng gàosu wo.

到和平西路告訴我。

yǐqián

以前

Dào Hépíng Xīlù yǐqián qǐng gàosu wo.

到和平西路以前請告訴我。

7. Dào Zìyóu Lù qǐng gàosu wo.

到自由路請告訴我。

shíhou

時候

Dào Zìyóu Lùde shíhou qǐng gàosu wo.

到自由路時候請告訴我。

J. Response Drill

1. Speaker: Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Xīméndīng?

還有幾站到西門町？

(How many more stops are there to [before] Xīméndīng?)

(cue) xià

下

You: Xià yízhàn jiù shi Xīméndīng.

下一站就是西門町。

(The next stop is Xīméndīng.)

OR Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Xīméndīng?

還有幾站到西門町？

(How many more stops are there to [before] Xīméndīng?)

(cue) 3

Hái yǒu sānzhàn jiù shi Xīméndīng.

還有三站就是西門町。

(Three more stops, and that's Xīméndīng.)

2. Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Zhonghuá Lù?

還有幾站到中華路？

xià

下

Xià yízhàn jiù shi Zhōnghuá Lù.

下一站就是中華路。

3. Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Nánjīng Dōnglù?

還有幾站到南京東路？

2

Hái yǒu liǎngzhàn jiù shi Nánjīng Dōnglù.

還有兩站就是南京東路。

4. Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Xīnshēng Nánlù?

還有幾站到新生南路？

xià

下

Xià yízhàn jiù shi Xīnshēng Nánlù.

下一站就是新生南路。

5. Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Zìyóu Lù?

還有幾站到自由路？

2

Hái yǒu liǎngzhàn jiù shi Zìyóu Lù.

還有兩站就是自由路。

6. Hái yǒu jǐzhàn dào Mínshēng Lù?

還有幾站到民生路？

xià

下

Xià yízhàn jiù shi Mínshēng Lù.

下一站就是民生路。

[29]

K. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Tā dào Zhōngguo qù.

他到中國去。

(He goes to China.)

(cue) nián

年

You: Tā měinián dōu dào Zhōngguo qù.

他每年都到中國去。

(He goes to China every year.)

2. Tā kàn Zhōngguo diànyīng.

他看中國電影。

月

yuè

Tā měige yuè dōu kàn Zhōngguo diànyǐng.

他每個月都看中國電影。

3. Tā dào Niǔ Yuē qù.

他到紐約去。

xīngqī

星期

Tā měige xīngqī dōu dào Niǔ Yuē qù.

他每星期都到紐約去。

4. Tā dào xuéxiào lái.

他到學校來。

tiān

天

Tā měitiān dōu dào xuéxiào lái.

他每天都到學校來。

5. Tā mǎi Yīngwén zázhì.

他買英文雜志。

Xīngqīwǔ

星期五

Tā měige Xīngqīwǔ dōu mǎi Yīngwén zázhì.

他每個星期五到都買英文雜志。

6. Tā dào càishichǎng qù.

他到菜市場去。

tiān

天

Tā měitiān dōu dào càishichǎng qù.

他每天都到菜市場去。

7. Tā kàn bào.

他看報。

tiān

天

Tā měitiān dōu kàn bào.

他每天都看報。

[30]

UNIT 2

REFERENCE LIST

(in Běijīng)

1. A: Dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到展覽館有沒有直達車？

Is there a direct bus to the exhibition hall?

B: Méiyou.

沒有

No.

2. A: Dào nàr qù, zuò jǐlù chē ya?

到那兒去，坐幾路車呀？

What bus do you take to get there?

B:  Zuò Yīlù chē.

坐一路車。

Take the Number 1 bus.

3. B: Zuò dao Xīdān huàn chē.

坐到西單換車。

Take it to Xīdān and change buses.

4. A: Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?

咱們在哪兒買票？

Where do we buy tickets?

B:  Zài chēshang mǎi piào.

在車上買票。

We buy tickets on the bus.

5. B: Hǎo, xiànzài zǒu ba!

好，現在走吧！

Okay, let’s go now!

6. A: Èi! Zánmen bú shi zuòguò zhàn le ba?

誒！咱們不是坐過站了吧？

Hey! Haven’t we gone past our stop?

B: Hái méi ne. Xià yízhàn cǎi xià chē.

還沒呢。下一站才下車，

Not yet. We don’t get off until the next stop.

7. *C: Láojià, Shíwǔlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?

勞駕，十五路汽車站在哪兒？

Excuse me, where is the Number 15 bus stop?

D: Jiù zài nèige lùkǒurshang.

就在那個路口上。

It’s (just) on that corner.

*This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only.

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY

(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

8. gōnggòng qìchē

公共汽車

public bus (local)

9.  -li

裏

in (locational ending)

10. -shang

上

on

11. shàng bān

上班

to start work, to go to work

12. xià bān

下班

to get off from work, to leave work

[31]

VOCABULARY

ba

吧

(tone softener)

cái

才

then and only then, not until

gōnggòng qìchē

公共汽車

public bus (local)

-li

裏

in (locational ending)

piào (yìzhang)

票 (一張)

ticket, coupon

汽車站

qìchēzhàn

bus stop

-shang

上

on (locational ending)

shàng bān

上班

to go to work, to start work

xià bān

下班

to get off from work, to leave work

Xīdān

西單

(a district in Běijīng)

zánmen

咱們

we (specifically includes the listener)

zhǎnlǎnguǎn

展覽館

exhibition hall

zhídáchē

直達車

direct bus, nonstop bus

zuò dao

坐到

to ride to

zuòguò

坐過

to ride past

(introduced, on C-2 and. P-2 tapes)

Āndìngmén

安定門

(a neighborhood in Běijīng)

bǐjiǎo

比較

comparatively, relatively

dòngwuyuán

動物園

zoo

liǎngcì

兩次

two times, twice

Xiǎo (name)

小

Little (name) [familiar form of name among friends]

xióngmāo

熊貓

panda

zhǎnlǎn

展覽

to exhibit

zhèicì

這次

this time

[32]

REFERENCE NOTES

1. A: Dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到展覽館有沒有直達車？

Is there a direct bus to the exhibition hall?

B: Méiyou.

沒有

No.

Notes on No. 1

Dào zhanlǎnguǎn is the topic of the first sentence in exchange 1.

Zhídáchē refers to a city bus in exchange 1, although the word is more properly used to refer to buses between cities.

Changed tones: You have now learned several three-syllable words in which the middle syllable changes tone in normal fast speech. These words and the changes you hear are

Jiānádà

Jiānādà

加拿大

Xīméndīng

Xīmēndīng

西門町

zhǎnlǎnguǎn

zhánlánguǎn

zhanlǎnguǎn

展覽館

zhídáchē

zhídáchē

直達車

(For further discussion of this type of tone change, see Tone Changes in the P&R Summary.)

2. A: Dào nàr qù, zuò jǐlù chē ya?

到那兒去，坐幾路車呀？

What bus do you take to get there?

B:  Zuò Yīlù chē.

坐一路車。

Note on No. 2

Ya is a variant form of the marker a. If the word directly preceding the a ends in a vowel, the semivowel y or w may be inserted; the marker is then pronounced ya or wa. If the word directly preceding a ends in a consonant, that sound is carried forward as the initial sound of the marker: /(consonant sound)a/

Nǐ shi nǎrde rén /n/a?

你是哪兒的人哪？

Nǐ xìng Wáng /ng/a?

你是哪兒的人哪？

Nǐ hǎo /w/a?

你好哇？

Tā zhēn kuài /y/a!

他真快呀！

[33]

3. B: Zuò dao Xīdān huàn chē.

坐到西單換車。

Take it to Xīdān and change buses.

Notes on No. 3

Zuò dao Xīdān: In earlier exchanges, phrases consisting of dào and a place word were placed before the main verb in a sentence. In this exchange, you see that dào + place word can also be placed after the main verb. Dào is toneless when it follows the verb of a sentence.

Huàn is used in exchange 3 for “changing” from one bus to another. It was used in earlier modules for “changing” from one currency to another.

4. A: Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?

咱們在哪兒買票？

Where do we buy tickets?

B: Zài chēshang mǎi piào.

在車上買票。

We buy tickets on the bus.

Notes on No. 4

Although spelled zánmen, this word is actually pronounced zámen, and in everyday conversation even as zám. Both wǒmen and zánmen are translated as “we.” Most speakers of Chinese outside Běijīng use only wǒmen.

Many Chinese from Běijīng use the pronoun wǒmen only when the person being spoken to is not included in the “we.” To show that the person being spoken to IS included in the “we,” zánmen is used.

For instance, if everyone in a room is Chinese, any one person could say to all of the others Zánmen dōu shi Zhòngguo ren, “All of us are Chinese.” If an American then entered the room, someone might say to him Wǒmen shi Zhòngguo rén, nǐ shi Měiguo rén, “We are Chinese, and you are American.”

The phrase zài chēshang consists of the verb zài followed by the noun chē plus the locational ending -shang. Some verbs like zài must be followed by a place word or phrase (or by time words or phrases). But not all nouns which refer to things which occupy space can be used as place words. You must learn which words can function as place words and which cannot.

Zhèr, nàr, relative location words (zuǒbianr, dōngbianr, wàibianr, etc.), and names of cities and countries may be used as place words. In general, nouns which refer to buildings, institutions, organizations, parks, and other specific locations may be used as place words. Nouns which refer to vehicles, people, books, furniture, and other things, that can be moved around are NOT considered place words. When a noun from this group is to be used in a phrase with zài, either a locational ending is added to the noun or the place word zhèr or nàr follows it.

[34]

Zài zhuōzishang yǒu hěn duō shū.

在桌子上有很多書。

There are many books on the table.

Tā zài nèige zhuōzi nàr niàn shū.

他在那個桌子哪兒念書。

He studies at that table。

Locational endings: -shang, “on”; -li, “in"; -wài, “outside”; and
-xià, “under,” are locational endings.

Tā zài lóuxià mǎi dōngxi.

他在樓下買東西。

He is buying things downstairs.

Fàndiànli yǒu méiyou mài tángde?

飯店裏有沒有賣糖的？

Is there a place to buy candy in the hotel?

You have learned three generally equivalent ways to form place expressions: noun + locational ending; noun followed by relative location word; noun + de followed by relative location word.

Tā  zài mén-        -wài             děng    ni.
Tā  zài mén          wài-    -bianr  děng    ni.
Tā  zài mén -de      wài-    -bianr  děng    ni.

5. B: Hǎo, xiànzài zǒu ba!

好，現在走吧！

Okay, let’s go now!

Note on No. 5

Ba: You have seen the marker ba used in different situations at the ends of sentences. In each case, however, its effect was to soften the impact of whatever the speaker was saying. Here is a summary of the uses you have seen:

a. After a phrase which puts forth an opinion or guess, ba adds a questioning tone (BIO, Unit 2).

Tā dàgài bù lái le ba?

他大概不來了吧？

He’s probably not coming after all, is he?

Nǐ shi Wèi Shàoxiào ba?

你是魏少校吧？

You must be Major Weiss.

b. After a statement which puts forth a course of action, ba softens the tone. Ba may be used at the end of a sentence with a meaning ranging anywhere from tentative and consulting to suggesting or advising to requesting or ordering. (The tone of ba sentences varies according to the person being spoken to, the speaker’s tone of voice, and other words, such as qǐng, “please,” in a sentence.) (MON, Unit 3)

[35]

Nǐ zǒu ba!

你走吧！

Leave! (ORDERING)

Nǐ hǎohāor xiǎngxiang ba!

你好好兒想想吧！

You think it over carefully! (ADVISING)

Qǐng ba!

請吧！

Please go ahead! (INVITING)

Zánmen zǒu ba.

咱們走吧。

Let’s go. (SUGGESTING)

Wǒ mǎi dàde ba.

我買大的吧。

I guess I’ll get the large one. (TENTATIVE AND CONSULTING)

There is no single way to translate this use of ba. In the examples above, you can see that when the subject is “you,” ba goes untranslated; when the subject is “we,” ba is translated as “let’s"; and when the subject is “I,” ba is translated as “I guess.”

6. A: Èi! Zánmen bú shi zuòguò zhàn le ba?

誒！咱們不是坐過站了吧？

Hey! Haven’t we gone past our stop?

B: Hái méi ne. Xià yízhàn cǎi xià chē.

還沒呢。下一站才下車，

Not yet. We don’t get off until the next stop.

Notes on No. 6

Bú shi: Below are some examples of affirmative questions and their negative counterparts (using bú shi). Notice that in the two negative examples shi means something like “to be the case that....”

Tā yǐjīng zǒu le ba?

他已經走了吧。

Has he already gone?

Tā bú shi yǐjīng zǒu le ba?

他不是已經走了吧？

Hasn’t he already gone? (isn’t it the case that he has already gone?)

Tā zhù zai Shànghǎi ma?

她住在上海嗎？

Does she live in Shànghǎi?

Tā bú shi zhù zai Shànghǎi ma?

她不是住在上海嗎？

Doesn’t she live in Shànghǎi? (Isn’t it the case that she lives in Shànghǎi?)

Zuòguò le: To the main verb zuò, “to ride,” “to take,” the ending -guò is added to indicate the result of the action—"going past/too far.” (The full verb guò means “to pass,” “to cross.") The ending -guò may also be added to the verb zǒu, “to go,” to indicate result.

Òu, nǐ zhǎo Nánwèi Hútong! Nǐ zǒuguò le! Nǐ děi wàng huí zǒu.

哦，你找南緯胡同！你坐過了！你得往回走。

Oh, you are looking for Nánwèi Hútong. You have walked past it. You will have to go back.

[36]

Aspect marker ne: You have frequently seen an aspect marker used to
indicate a CHANGE: completion le shows that an action or process has been
carried out (Tā zǒu le, “He has left”); new situation le marks a change in
the past, present, or future (Tāde dàyī pòle, “His coat is worn out”). In
exchange 6, the aspect marker ne indicates the ABSENCE OF CHANGE. In
this exchange, ne emphasizes that there has been no change in the situation.
You may want to think of ne as the opposite of le.

The marker ne is used with ACTION and STATE verbs.

Tā xiànzài niàn shū ne.

他現在念書呢。

He is studying now.

Tā zài zhèr ne.

他在這兒呢。

He's here.

Zhèizhī bǐ hái kéyi xiě ne.

這支筆還可以寫呢。

This pen is still good (can still write).

Hái, “still,” “yet”: When this adverb is used, the sentence very often ends with the marker ne.

Míngtiān wǒ hái bù zǒu ne.

明天我還沒走呢。

I'm not leaving tomorrow (yet). (i.e., I'll still be here tomorrow.)

Tā hái méi lái ne.

他還沒來呢。

He hasn't come yet.

“Still” and “yet” may, however, be translated into Chinese with either hái or ne.

Tā hái méi lái.

她還沒來。

Tā méi lái ne.

她沒來呢。

He hasn't come yet.

Cái means “then and only then” or “not until then.” It is used to talk about something that has happened or will happen later than expected.

Wǒmen míngtiān cái zǒu.

我們明天才走。

We don't leave until tomorrow.

Sentences in which cái is used emphasize when something happened, rather than the fact that it happened. Therefore (shi)...-de, not le, is used to indicate completed action.

Tā (shi) bādiǎn zhōng cái láide.

他是八點鐘才來的。

He didn't come until eight o'clock.

Wǒ zuótiān cái dàode.

我昨天才到的。

I didn't arrive until yesterday.

Notice that the shi in the shi...-de construction may be omitted. Also, cái is placed AFTER a time word or phrase and BEFORE the verb.

You have learned three words for “then”: jiù, zài, cái. Jiù is used for action taking place earlier than expected. Cái and zài imply that something happens later than expected. Cái and jiù are used in descriptions of completed or future action. Zài is used mostly for plans, suggestions, and commands—in reference to future actions.

Tā zuótiān jiù dào le.

他昨天就到了。

He arrived yesterday (already).

Tā (shi) zuótiān cái láide.

他是昨天才來的。

He didn't come until yesterday.

Nǐ míngtiān zài zǒu ba!

你明天再走吧。

Don't go until tomorrow!

[37]

Notice that, in the description of past events, most sentences containing jiù also contain the completion le marker.

7. *C: Láojià, Shíwǔlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?

勞駕，十五路汽車站在哪兒？

Excuse me, where is the Number 15 bus stop?

D: Jiù zài nèige lùkǒurshang.

就在那個路口上。

It’s (just) on that corner.

Note on No. 7

Lùkǒurshang, literally “on the intersection”: Lùkǒur means “road mouth,” a crossroads or intersection. The word is a place-word expression and may follow zài with or without the locational ending -shang.

[38]

DRILLS

A. Substitution Drill

1. Speaker: Dào Běijīng Zhǎnlǎnguǎn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到北京展覽館有沒有直達車？

(Is there a direct bus to the Běijīng Exhibition Hall?)

(cue) Mínzú Fàndiàn

民族飯店

You: Dào Mínzú Fàndiàn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到民族飯店有沒有直達車？

(is there a direct bus to the Nationalities Hotel?)

2. Dào Mínzú Fàndiàn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到民族飯店有沒有直達車？

Sǎnlítún

三里屯

Dào Sǎnlítún yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到三里屯有沒有直達車？

3. Dào Sǎnlítún yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到三里屯有沒有直達車？

Xīdān

西單

Dào Xīdān yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到西單有沒有直達車？

4. Dào Xīdān yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到西單有沒有直達車？

Dōngdān Càishichǎng

東單菜市場

Dào Dōngdān Càishichǎng yǒu meiyou zhídáchē ?

到東單菜市場有沒有直達車？

5. Dào Dōngdān Càishichǎng yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到東單菜市場有沒有直達車？

Dōngdān Diànyǐngyuàn

東單電影院

Dào Dōngdān Diànyǐngyuàn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到東單電影院有沒有直達車？

6. Dào Dōngdān Diànyǐngyuàn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到東單電影院有沒有直達車？

Jiānádà Wǔguānchù

加拿大武官処

Dào Jiānádà Wǔguānchù yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到加拿大武官処有沒有直達車？

7. Dào Jiānádà Wǔguānchù you meiyou zhídáchē?

到加拿大武官処有沒有直達車？

B.  Response Drill

1. Speaker: Dào Běijīng Zhǎnlǎnguǎn yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到北京展覽館有沒有直達車？

(is there a direct bus to the Běijīng Exhibition Hall?)

(cue) Xīdān

西單

You: Méiyou, děi zài Xīdān huàn chē.

沒有，得在西單換車。

(There isn’t. You have to change buses at Xīdān.)

2. Dào Sǎnlítún yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到三里屯有沒有直達車？

Dōngdān

東單

Méiyou, děi zài Dōngdān huàn chē.

沒有，得在東單換車。

3. Dào Guānghuá Lù yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到光華路有沒有直達車？

tāmen nàr

他們那兒

Méiyou, děi zài tāmen nàr huàn chē.

沒有，得在他們那兒換車。

[39]

4. Dào Dōngdān Diànyǐngyuan yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到東單有沒有直達車？

Qiánmén

前門

Méiyou, děi zài Qiánmén huàn chē.

沒有，得在前門換車。

5. Dào Jiānádà Wǔguānchù yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到武官処有沒有直達車？

Xīdān

西單

Méiyou, děi zài Xīdān huàn chē.

沒有，得在西單換車。

6. Dào Qiánmén yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到前門有沒有直達車？

Dōngdān

東單

Méiyou, děi zài Dōngdān huàn chē.

沒有，得在東單換車。

7. Dào Wángfǔjǐng Dàjiē yǒu meiyou zhídáchē?

到王府井大街有沒有直達車？

càishichǎng nàr

菜市場

Méiyou, děi zài càishichǎng nàr huàn chē.

沒有，得在菜市場換車。

C. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: dào nàr qù

到那兒去

(to go there)

(cue) jǐ

幾

You: Dào nàr qù zuò jǐlù chē?

到那兒去坐幾路車？

(What [number] bus do you take to go there?)

OR  dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn qù

到展覽館去

(to go to the exhibition hall)

(cue) 3

Dào zhǎnlǎnguǎn qù zuò Sānlù chē.

到展覽館去坐三路車。

(To go to the exhibition hall, take the Number 3 bus.)

2. dào Dōngdān qù

到東單去

3

Dào Dōngdān qù zuò Sānlù chē.

到東單去坐三路車。

3. dào nàr qù

到那兒去

jǐ

幾

Dào nàr qù zuò jǐlù chē?

到那兒去坐幾路車？

4. dào Xīnhuá Shūdiàn qù

到新華書店去

1

Dào Xīnhuá Shūdiàn qù zuò Yīlù chē.

到新華書店去坐一路車。

5. dào Sānlǐtún qù

到三里屯去

5

Dào Sānlǐtún qù zuò Wǔlù chē.

到三里屯去五路車。


6. dào Dōngdān Càishichǎng qù

到東單菜市場去

jǐ

幾

Dào Dōngdān Càishichǎng qù zuò jǐlù chē?

到東單菜市場去坐幾路車？

D. Response Drill

1. Speaker: Nín xiān zuò Yīlù chē, zuò dao Xīdān huàn chē.

您先坐一路車，坐到西單換車。

(You first take the Number 1 bus. Take it to Xīdān and change buses.)

You: Wǒ xiān zuò Yīlù chē, zuò dao Xīdān huàn chē, duì bu dui?

我先坐一路車，坐到西單換車，對不對。

(I first take the Number 1 bus. I take it to Xīdān and change buses. Right?)

[40]

2. Nín xiān zuò Sānlù chē, zuò dao Wángfǔjǐng Dàjiē huàn chē.

您先坐三路車，坐到王府井大街換車。

Wǒ xiān zuò Sānlù chē, zuò dao Wángfǔjǐng Dàjiē huàn chē, duì bu dui?

我先坐三路車，坐到王府井大街換車，對不對。

3. Nín xiān zuò Liùlù chē, zuò dao Dōngdān huàn chē.

您先坐六路車，坐到東單換車。

Wo xiān zuò Liùlù chē, zuò dao Dōngdān huàn chē, duì bu dui?

我先坐六路車，坐到東單換車，對不對。

4. Nín xiān zuò Wǔlù chē, zuò dao Qiánmén huàn chē.

您先坐五路車，坐到前門換車。

Wǒ xiān zuò Wǔlù chē, zuò dao  huàn chē, duì bu dui?

我先坐五路車，坐到前門換車，對不對。

5. Nín xiān zuò Shílù chē, zuò dao Sānlītǔn huàn chē.

您先坐十路車，坐到三里屯換車。

Wǒ xiān zuò Shílù chē, zuò dao Sānlītǔn huàn chē, duì bu dui?

我先坐十路車，坐到三里屯換車，對不對。

6. Nín xiān zuò Qílù chē, zuò dao Rìtán Lù huàn chē.

您先坐七路車，坐到日壇路換車。

Wǒ xiān zuò Qílù chē, zuò dao Rìtán Lù huàn chē, duì bu dui?

我先坐七路車，坐到日壇路換車，對不對。

7. Nín xiān zuò Shíèrlù chē, zuò dao Guānghuá Lù huàn chē.

您先坐十二路車，坐到光華路換車。

Wǒ xiān zuò Shíèrlù chē, zuò dao Guānghuá Lù huàn chē, duì bu dui?

我先坐十二路車，坐到光華路換車，對不對。

E.  Response Drill

1. Speaker: Dào nàr qù xiān zuò Sānlù chē, ránhòu zuò Wǔlù chē.

到那兒去先坐三路車，然後坐五路車。

(To go there, first take the Number 3 bus; then take the Number 5 bus.)

You: Wǒ xiān zuò Sānlù chē, ránhòu zuò Wǔlù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài nǎr huàn chē?

我先坐三路車，然後坐五路車。請問，在哪兒換車？

(I first take the Number 3 bus; then take the Number 5 bus. May I ask, where do I change buses?)

2. Dào Zhǎnlǎnguǎn qù xiān zuò Yīlù chē, ránhòu zuò Sìlù chē.

到展覽館去先坐一路車，然後坐四路車。

Wǒ xiān zuò Yīlù chē, ránhòu zuò Sìlù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài nar huàn chē?

我先坐一路車，然後坐四路車。請問，在哪兒換車？

3. Dào Wángfǔjǐng Dàjiē qù xiān zuò Èrlù chē, ránhòu zuò Wǔlù chē.

到王府井大街去先坐二路車，然後坐五路車。

Wǒ xiān zuò Èrlù chē, ránhòu zuò Wǔlù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài nǎr huàn chē?

我先坐二路車，然後坐五路車。請問，在哪兒換車？

4. Dào Rìtán Lù qù xiān zuò Qílù chē, ránhòu zuò Sānlù chē.

到日壇路去先坐七路車，然後坐三路車。

Wǒ xiān zuò Qílù chē, ránhòu zuò Sānlù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài nar huàn chē?

我坐七路車，然後坐三路車。請問，在哪兒換車？

5. Dào Sānlǐtún qù xiān zuò Liùlù chē, ránhòu zuò Èrlù chē.

到三里屯去先坐六路車，然後坐二路車。

Wǒ xiān zuò Liùlù chē, ránhòu zuò Èrlù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài nar huàn chē?

我坐六路車，然後坐二路車。請問，在哪兒換車？

6. Dào Rìtán Lù qù xiān zuò Shílù chē, ránhòu zuò Qílù chē.

到日壇路去先坐十路車，然後坐七路車。

Wǒ xiān zuò Shílù chē, ránhòu zuò Qílù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài nar huàn chē?

我先坐十路車，然後坐七路車。請問，在哪兒換車？

[41]

7. Dào Xīdān qù xiān zuò Shíwulù chē, ránhòu zuò Liùlù chē.

到西單去先坐十五路車，然後坐六路車。

Wo xiān zuò Shíwulù chē, ránhòu zuò Liùlù chē. Qǐngwèn, zài nǎr huàn chē?

我先坐十五路車，然後坐六路車。請問，在哪兒換車？

F.  Expansion Drill

1. Speaker： Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?

咱們在哪兒買票？

(Where do we buy tickets?)

(cue) chēshang

車上

You: Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài chēshang mǎi piào ma?

咱們在哪兒買票？在車上買票嗎？

(Where do we buy tickets? Do we buy them on the bus?)

2. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?

咱們在哪兒買票？

zhèr

這兒

Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài zhèr mǎi piào ma?

咱們在哪兒買票？在這兒買票嗎？

3. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?

咱們在哪兒買票？

nar

那兒

Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài nàr mǎi piào ma?

咱們在哪兒買票？在那兒買票嗎？

4. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?

咱們在哪兒買票？

Dōngdān nàr

東單那兒

Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài Dōngdān nàr mǎi piào ma?

咱們在哪兒買票？在東單那兒買票嗎？

5. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?

咱們在哪兒買票？

chēshang

車上

Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài chēshang mǎi piào ma?

咱們在哪兒買票？在車上買票嗎？

6. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?

咱們在哪兒買票？

càishichǎng nàr

菜市場

Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài càishichǎng nàr mǎi piào ma?

咱們在哪兒買票？在菜市場買票嗎？

7. Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào?

咱們在哪兒買票？

Xīdān nàr

西單那兒

Zánmen zài nǎr mǎi piào? Zài Xīdān nàr mǎi piào ma?

咱們在哪兒買票？在西單那兒買票嗎？

G. Transformation Drill

1. Speaker: Zánmen jiǔdiǎn zhōng shàng ban.

咱們九點鐘上班。

(We start work at nine o’clock.)

You: Zánmen jiǔdiǎn zhōng cái shàng bān.

咱們九點鐘才上班。

(We don’t start work until nine o’clock.)

2. Wǒmen wǔdiǎnbàn xià bān.

我們五點半下班。

Wǒmen wǔdiǎnbàn cái xià bān.



3. Wǒmen xià yízhàn xià chē.

我們下一站下車。

Wǒmen xià yízhàn cái xià chē.

我們下一站才下車。

4. Yínháng jiǔdiǎn zhōng kāi mén.

銀行九點鐘開門。

Yínháng jiǔdiǎn zhōng cái kāi mén.

銀行九點鐘才開門。

5. Women xià yízhàn huàn chē.

我們下一站換車。

Wǒmen xià yízhàn cái huàn chē.

我們下一站才換車。

[42]

6. Tāmen liùdiǎn zhōng xià ban.

他們六點鐘下班。

Tāmen liùdiǎn zhōng cǎi xià ban.

他們六點鐘才下班。

7. Tāmen shídiǎn zhōng shàng ban.

他們十點鐘才上班。

Tāmen shídiǎn zhōng cǎi shàng ban.

他們十點鐘才上班。

H. Response Drill

1. Speaker: Nánjīng Dōnglù dào le ma?

南京東路到了嗎？

(Have we reached Nánjīng Dōnglù?)

(cue) hǎi méi ne

還沒呢

You: Hǎi méi ne. Xià yízhàn cái xià chē.

還沒呢。下一站才下車。

(Not yet. We don’t get off until the next stop.)

OR Nánjīng Dōnglù dào le ma?

南京東路到了嗎？

(Have we reached Nánjīng Dōnglù?)

(cue) dào le

到了

Dào le. Wǒmen zài zhèr xià chē.

到了。我們在這兒下車。

(We have already arrived. We get off here.)

2. Zhōnghuá Lù dào le ma?

中華路到了嗎？

hái méi ne

還沒呢

Hái méi ne. Xià yízhàn cái xià chē.

還沒呢。下一站才下車。

3. Dàlǐ Jiē dào le ma?

大理街到了嗎？

dào le

到了

Dào le. Wǒmen zài zhèr xià chē.

到了。我們在這兒下車。

4. Zhōngshān Běilù dào le ma?

中山北路到了嗎？

hái méi ne

還沒呢

Hái méi ne. Xià yízhàn cái xià chē.

還沒呢。下一站才下車。

5. Hépíng Xīlù dào le ma?

和平西路到了嗎？

dào le

到了

Dào le. Wǒmen zài zhèr xià chē.

到了。下車。

6. Jīlóng Lù dào le ma?

基隆街到了嗎？

hái méi ne

還沒呢

Hái méi ne. Xià yízhàn cái xià chē.

還沒呢。下車。下一站才下車。

I. Response Drill

1. Speaker: Qǐngwèn Shíwǔlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?

請問十五路站在哪兒？

(May I ask, where is the Number 15 bus stop?)

(cue) nèige lùkourshang

那個路口上

You: Jiù zài nèige lùkourshang.

就在那個路口上。

(it’s [just] on that corner.)

2. Qǐngwèn Shísìlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?

請問十四路汽車站在哪兒？

nèige dàlóu nàr

那個大樓那兒

Jiù zài nèige dàlóu nàr.

就在那個大樓那兒。

[43]

3. Qǐngwèn Liùlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?

請問六路汽車站在哪兒？

lùde nèibian

路德那邊

Jiù zài lùde nèibian.

就在路德那邊。

4. Qǐngwèn, Yīlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?

請問一路汽車站在哪兒？

nèige yínháng qiánbian

那個銀行前邊

Jiù zài nèige yínhǎng qiánbian.

就在那個銀行前邊。

5. Qǐngwèn, Sānlù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?

請問三路汽車站在哪兒？

nèige shāngdiàn nàr

那個商店那兒

Jiù zài nèige shāngdiàn nàr.

就在那個商店那兒。

6. Qǐngwèn, Qílù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?

請問七路汽車站在哪兒？

càishichǎng qiánbian

菜市場前邊

Jiù zài nèige càishichǎng qiánbian.

就在菜市場前邊。

7. Qǐngwèn, Shílù qìchēzhàn zài nǎr?

請問十路汽車站在哪兒？

nèige diànyǐngyuàn qiánbian

那個電影院前邊

Jiù zài nèige diànyingyuàn qiánbian.

就在那個電影院前邊。

J. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker： Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái? Tā jiǔdiǎn zhōng lái ma?

他幾點鐘來？他九點鐘來嗎？

(What time is he coming? Is he coming at nine o’clock?)

(cue) 8 o’clock

You: Tā shuō tā bādiǎn zhōng jiù lái.

他説他八點鐘來。

(He says he is coming at eight o’clock.)

OR Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái? Tā jiǔdiǎn zhōng lái ma?

他幾點鐘來？他九點鐘來嗎？

(What time is he coming? Is he coming at nine o’clock?)

(cue) 10 o’clock

Tā shuō tā shídiǎn zhōng cái lái ne.

他説他十點鐘才來呢。

(He says he isn’t coming until ten o’clock.)

2. Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái? Tā sìdiǎn zhōng lái ma?

他幾點鐘來？他四點鐘來嗎？

5 o’clock

Tā shuō tā wǔdiǎn zhōng cái lái ne.

他説他五點鐘才來呢。

3. Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái? Tā yìdiǎn zhōng lái ma?

他幾點鐘來？他一點鐘來嗎？

12 o’clock

Tā shuō tā shíèrdiǎn zhōng jiù lái.

他説他十二點鐘才來呢。

4. Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái? Tā bādiǎn zhōng lái ma?

他幾點鐘來？他八點鐘來嗎？

7 o’clock

Tā shuō tā qīdiǎn zhōng jiù lái.

他説他七點鐘才來呢。

5. Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái? Tā liùdiǎn zhōng lái ma?

他幾點鐘來？他六點鐘來嗎？

 8 o’clock

 Tā shuō tā bādiǎn zhōng cái lái ne.

他説他八點鐘才來呢。

6. Tā jǐdiǎn zhōng lái? Tā shídiǎn zhōng lái ma?

他幾點鐘來？他十點鐘來嗎？

11 o’clock

Tā shuō tā shíyidiǎn zhōng cái lái ne.

他説他十一點鐘才來呢。

[44]

UNIT 3

REFERENCE LIST

(in Taipei)

1. A: Ài, jìchéngchē!

哎，計程車！

Hey, taxi!

B:  Ní dào náli?

你到哪兒？

Where are you going?

A: Dào huǒchēzhàn.

到火車站。

To the train station.

2. *B: Zhǐ yǒu zhè yíjiàn xíngli ma?

只有這一件行李嗎？

Is there only this one piece of luggage?

A: Shì.

是。

Yes.

3. *B: Wǒ bǎ xíngli fàng zai qiánbian.

我把行李放在前邊。

I’ll put the suitcase in front.

4. A: Nǐ kāide tài kuài le!

你開得太快了！

You are driving too fast!

5. C: Tā kāi chē, kāide bú kuài.

他開車，開得不快。

He doesn’t drive fast.

6. A: Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān, láidejí.

我們有時間，來得及。

We have time. We can make it in time.

7. A: Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi.

輕慢一點開。

Please drive a little slower.

8. ** A: Bié kāi nàme kuài!

別開那麽快！

Don’t drive so fast!

9. B: Zhè shi nínde xíngli.

這是您的行李。

Here is your suitcase.

A: Xièxie. Duōshao qián?

謝謝，多少錢？

Thank you. How much is it [the fare]?

B:  Èrshiqīkuài.

二十七塊。

Twenty-seven dollars.

A: Zhè shi sānshikuài, bú yòng zhǎo le.

這是三十塊，不用找了。

Here’s thirty dollars. Keep the change. (literally, “No need to give me change.”)

10. A: Qǐng ni zài qiánbian nèige yínháng tíng yíxià.

請你在前邊那個銀行停一下。

Please stop at that bank up ahead for a moment.

B: Hǎo. Wǒ bǎ chē tíng zai nèibian děng nín.

好。我把車停在那邊等您。

Okay. I’ll park the car over there and wait for you.

* This exchange occurs on the C-1 tape only.

** This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only.

[45]

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY

(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

11. chūzū qìchē

出租汽車

taxi (PRC)

12. láibují

來不及

can’t make it in time

13. qìchē

汽車

car, motor vehicle

14. zhème

這麽

so, to this extent, in this way

15. zènme

怎麽

so, to this extent, in this way

Shànghǎi-made auto in Guǎngzhōu, 1978

[46]

VOCABULARY

bǎ

把

(prepositional verb which indicates the direct object)

bié

別

don’t

bú yòng

不用

no need to

chūzū qìchē

出租汽車

taxi (PRC)

fàng

放

to put

huǒchēzhàn

火車站

train station

-jiàn

件

(counter for items or articles such as suitcases and clothing)

jìchéngchē

計程車

taxi (Taipei)

kāi

開

to drive (a vehicle)

kuài

快

to be fast

láibují

來不及

can’t make it in time

láidejí

來得及

can make it in time

màn

慢

to be slow

nàme

那麽

so, to that extent, in that way

qìchē

汽車

car, motor vehicle

shíjiān

時間

time

tíng

停

to stop, to park

xíngli (yíjiàn)

行李

luggage, suitcase

yíxià

一下

a short amount of time

zènme

怎麽

so, to this extent, in this way

zhème

這麽

so, to this extent, in this way

(introduced on C-2 tape)

chī fàn

吃飯

to have a meal

jìnliàng

盡量

to exert all one’s effort, to do one’s best to

Lǎo (name)

老

Old (name) [familiar nickname for an older person among close friends]

mótuōchē

摩托車

motorcycle

náchuqu

拿出去

to take (something) out

sòng

送

to see someone off, to escort someone to a train station, airport, bus depot, or pier

(introduced in Communication Game)

Zhèng hǎo.

正好

Right on time.

[48]

REFERENCE NOTES

1. A: Ài, jìchéngchē!

哎，計程車！

Hey, taxi!

B:  Ní dào náli?

你到哪兒？

Where are you going?

A: Dào huǒchēzhàn.

到火車站。

To the train station.

Note on No. 1

Nǐ dào náli? This expression, like the English “Where to?” is not a full sentence. The taxi driver is using a shortened form of Nǐ dào náli qù?

2. *B: Zhǐ yǒu zhè yíjiàn xíngli ma?

只有這一件行李嗎？

Is there only this one piece of luggage?

A: Shì.

是。

Yes.

3. B: Wǒ bǎ xíngli fàng zai qiánbian.

我把行李放在前邊。

I’ll put the suitcase in front.

Notes on Nos. 2-3

Zhè yíjiàn xíngli: -jiàn is the counter for xíngli.

Bǎ is a prepositional verb which often cannot be directly translated into English. Originally, as a full verb, bǎ meant “to hold something with one’s hands.” Today bǎ is usually used as a prepositional verb which brings the direct object to the front of the sentence, before the main verb. In some cases, bǎ may be translated as “take.”

Tā bǎ zhèiběn shū fàng zai zhuōzishang.

他把這本書放在桌子上。

He put the book on the table. (He took the book and put it on the table.)

But, in many cases, the meaning of “take” does not correspond to the function of bǎ in the sentence.

Bǎ may be used with many types of objects, concrete and abstract. As a prepositional verb, bǎ shows that its object (the noun which follows) is the direct object in the sentence, even though it does not follow the main verb.

Tā mài tāde qìchē le.

他賣他的汽車了。

Tā bǎ tāde qìchē mài le.

他把他的汽車賣了

He sold his car.

The next questions are “Why use bǎ?” and “When is bǎ used?” On the next page are some basic rules for using bǎ.

[49]

a. The object in a bǎ phrase must be a particular known thing. This rule follows the general pattern in Chinese of an object preceding the verb, in topic position or in a bǎ phrase, being specific.* The object in a bǎ phrase should be translated by the English definite article “the” or by other words that indicate definiteness, such as “that” and “my.”

*An object which follows the verb is nonspecific unless marked as specific with zhèi or nèi.

Ní yǒu xíngli ma?

你有行李嗎？

Do you have any luggage?

Yǒu. Zhǐ yǒu zhè yíjiàn.

有。只有這一件。

Yes. I have only this one piece.

Hǎo. Wǒ bǎ xíngli fàngzai qiánbian.

好。我把行李放在前邊。

Okay. I will put the suitcase in front.

b.  The object of a bǎ phrase must be at the disposal of the subject before the action begins. Thus the object of kànjian, “to see,” cannot be used with bǎ, nor can the object of mǎi, “to buy.”

Wǒ mǎile nèiběn shū.

我買了那本書。

I bought the book.

Wǒ bǎ nèiběn shū mài le.

我把那本書賣了。

I sold the book.

c. Fàng zai qiánbian: The verb in a bǎ sentence is usually a transitive ACTION verb. An action verb refers to an activity that can be done voluntarily, either physically (mài, “to sell") or mentally (niàn, “to study"). Contrast this with a state verb, which refers to a quality or condition that the subject has no control over.

For instance, you can decide to study or to learn something, so xué is an action verb. But you cannot decide to know something, so zhīdao is a state verb. Although some state verbs, like zhīdao and xǐhuan, are transitive, the objects of these verbs cannot be put in a bǎ phrase because these verbs are not action verbs.

d. A bǎ sentence does not end with only a verb of one syllable. Either the verb has several syllables or a phrase follows the verb. In the final sentence of exchange 3, the action verb fàng is followed by zai and the' destination qiánbian.

4. A: Nǐ kāide tài kuài le!

你開得太快了！

You are driving too fast!

Notes on No. 4

-de: To describe how action is performed, the marker -de is added to the verb describing the action, and that verb is followed by an adjectival verb which expresses the MANNER in which the action takes place.

[50]

Cultural information: Taxi drivers are not offended by comments about their driving such as the exclamation in exchange 4. If ignored, a request to slow down should be repeated.

5. C: Tā kāi chē, kāide bú kuài.

他開車，開得不快。

He doesn’t drive fast.

Notes on No. 5

Verb, object, and the description of manner: If an action verb with a direct object is to be described in terms of how the action is done, use the following pattern.

Tā  shuō    Zhōngguo huà    shuō -de   tài/hěn/bú    man.

他   説      中國話           説得        太/很/不       慢

(he speak   Chinese         speak      too/very/not  slow)

“He speaks Chinese too/very/not slowly.”

Notice that the main verb and direct object occur first; then the main verb is repeated, followed by -de and the description of manner. Compare the pattern above with the pattern you learned in the Biographic Information Module, Unit 8: Wo niàn Yīngwén niànle liùnián, “I studied English for six years.”

The main verb is repeated when BOTH the direct object and a duration phrase or a description of manner MUST follow the verb directly. In such a case, Chinese handles this post-verb “traffic jam” by making a topic out of the more general information (what is being done): the verb and direct object. The more specific information about how the action is done becomes the comment. A literal translation of the pattern example above is “As for (the way) he speaks Chinese, (he) speaks too/very/not slowly.”

A special point to observe: In English, we may say “He doesn’t speak Chinese slowly,” putting the negative word before “speak.” In Chinese, the negation must be placed directly in front of the word that is referred to (in the example, man, “slow"—not saying that he doesn’t speak, but saying that his speech is not slow).

Linguists have pointed out the potentially comical effect of using English word order for sentences in Chinese with manner descriptions.

[51]

If you were to use English word order to say “I can’t speak Chinese very well,” Wǒ bú huì shuō Zhōngguo huà hěn hào, your sentence would mean, literally, “(The fact that) I can’t speak Chinese is very good.” The right way to say “I can't speak Chinese very well” is Wǒ shuō Zhōngguo huà shuōde bú tài hǎo.

6. A: Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān, láidejí.

我們有時間，來得及。

We have time. We can make it in time.

7. A: Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi.

輕慢一點開。

Please drive a little slower.

Notes on Nos. 6-7

Shíjiān: You now know two words for “time”: shíhou and shíjiān. Shíjiān is used for an amount of time. Shíhou is usually used for a point or period in time when something happens.

Láidejí is an idiom meaning “able to make it on time [to do some- thing].” The negative, “not able to make it on time,” is láibují. (See the Meeting Module for additional discussion of such idioms.)

Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi, “Please drive a little slower”: In the notes on exchange 5, yǒu learned a pattern for describing manner: verb + -de + adjectival verb. In this sentence, however, the adjectival verb màn + yìdiǎn precede the verb kāi. When the adjectival verbs màn, kuài, zǎo, and wǎn are followed by yìdiǎn, the phrases thus formed may either precede or follow the verb of the sentence.

Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi.

輕慢一點開。

Qǐng kāi màn yìdiǎn.

請開慢一點。

Please drive a little slower.

Qǐng kuài yìdiǎn kāi.

請快一點開。

Qǐng kāi kuài yìdiǎn.

請開快一點。

Please drive a little faster.

Qǐng ni zǎo yìdiǎn lái.

請你早一點來。

Qǐng ni lái zǎo yìdiǎn.

請你來早一點。

Please come a little earlier.

Qǐng ni wǎn yìdiǎn lái.

請你晚一點來。

Qǐng ni lái wǎn yìdiǎn.

請你來晚一點。

Please come a little later.

Many adjectival verbs + yìdiǎn must follow the sentence verb.

Xiě xiǎo yìdiǎn.

些小一點。

Write it a little smaller.

Xiě dà yìdiǎn.

寫大一點。

Write it a little bigger.

Zuò hǎo yìdiǎn.

做好一點。

Do it a little better.

The marker -de is optional, and usually omitted, before adjectival verb + yìdiǎn phrases.

[52]

8. A: Bié kāi nàme kuài!

別開那麽快！

Don’t drive so fast!

Note on No. 8

Here you see a third way to describe the performance of an action.

First, you saw a straight description:

Nǐ kāide tài kuài le!

你開得太快了！

You are driving too fast!

OR

Tā niàn shū niànde bú cuò.

她念書念得不錯。

She is doing pretty well in her studies.

Then, you saw a command in which an adjectival verb + yìdiǎn phrase could be placed either before or after the main sentence verb:

Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi.

請慢一點開。

Qǐng kāi màn yìdiǎn.

請開慢一點。

Please drive a little slower.

Now, in Bié kāi nàme kuài, you see a negative command. The modifying adjectival verb follows the main verb. The marker -de is optional, and usually omitted, as long as the adjectival verb is preceded by name or zhème (zènme).

Bié zǒu nàme màn le!

別走那麽慢了！

Quit walking so slowly!

Bié qǐlai zènme wǎn!

別起來那麽晚！

Don’t get up so late!

Nǐ zǒu nàme màn, zánmen jiu láibují le!

你走那麽慢，咱們就來不及了。

If you walk so slowly, we won’t make it in time!

9. B: Zhè shi nínde xíngli.

這是您的行李。

Here is your suitcase.

A: Xièxie. Duōshao qián?

謝謝，多少錢？

Thank you. How much is it [the fare]?

B:  Èrshiqīkuài.

二十七塊。

Twenty-seven dollars.

A: Zhè shi sānshikuài, bú yòng zhǎo le.

這是三十塊，不用找了。

Here’s thirty dollars. Keep the change. (literally, “No need to give me change.”)

Notes on No. 9

Èrshiqīkuài: This money phrase does not contain the word qián because the counter kuài can stand alone if the reference could clearly be only to money. Other counters for money, such as máo and fēn, usually require the addition of qián.

[53]

Bú yòng zhǎo le: Bú yòng is an idiom meaning “no need to.” A more literal translation of the sentence is “No need to give me change.” Nǐ bú yòng kāi nàme kuài would be translated as “There’s no need for you to drive that fast."*

*The literal meaning of the verb yòng is “to use.”

10. A: Qǐng ni zài qiánbian nèige yínháng tíng yíxià.

請你在前邊那個銀行停一下。

Please stop at that bank up ahead for a moment.

B: Hǎo. Wǒ bǎ chē tíng zai nèibian děng nín.

好。我把車停在那邊等您。

Okay. I’ll park the car over there and wait for you.

Note on No. 10

Yíxià, “awhile,” is used to indicate a short, indefinite amount of time. The use of this word communicates indefiniteness, just as reduplicating the verb would have done (tíngyitíng). The first speaker in this exchange does not commit himself to an exact length of time.

[54]

DRILLS

A. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Nǐ kāide tài kuài le.

你開得太快了。

(You are driving too fast.)

(cue) chē

車

You: Nǐ kāi chē kāide tài kuài le.

你開車開得太快了。

(You are driving too fast.)

2. Tā tíngde tài kuài le.

他停得太快了。

chē

車

Tā tíng chē tíngde tài kuài le.

他停車停得太快了。

3. Nǐ kànde tài màn le.

你看得太慢了。

shū

書

Nǐ kàn shū kànde tài màn le.

你看書看得太慢了。

4. Tā shuōde tài kuài le.

他説得太快了。

Yīngwén

英文

Tā shuō Yīngwén shuode tài kuài le.

他説英文説得太快了。

5. Nǐ xuéde tài màn le.

你學得太慢了。

Zhōngwén

中文

Nǐ xué Zhongwén xuéde tài màn le.

你學中文學得太慢了。

6. Tā niànde tài kuài le.

他念得太快了。

zhèngzhixué

政治學

Tā niàn zhèngzhixué niànde tài kuài le.

他念政治學念得太快了。

7. Nǐ kànde tài màn le.

你看德太慢了。

bào

報

Nǐ kàn bào kànde tài màn le.

你看報看德太慢了。

B. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Qǐng ni màn kāi.

請你慢開。

(Please drive slowly.)

You: Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.

請你慢一點開。

(Please drive a little slower.)

2. Qǐng ni màn zǒu.

請你慢走。

Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn zǒu.

請你慢一點走。

3. Qǐng ni màn shuō.

請你慢説。

Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn shuō.

請你慢一點説。

4. Qǐng ni kuài shuō.

請你快説。

Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn shuō.

請你快一點説。

5. Qǐng ni màn xià chē.

請你慢下車。

Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn xià chē.

請你慢一點下車。

6. Qǐng ni kuài qù.

請你快去。

Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn qù.

請你快一點去。

7. Qǐng ni kuài shàng chē.

請你快上車。

Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn shàng chē.

請你快一點上車。

[55]

C. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Nǐ kāi chē, kāide tài kuài le.

你開車，開得太快樂。

(You are driving too fast.)

You: Nǐ kāi chē kāide tài kuài le. Qǐng nǐ màn yìdiǎn kāi.

你開車，開得太快樂。請你慢一點開。

(You are driving too fast. Please drive a little slower.)

2. Nǐ kàn shū, kànde tài màn le.

你看書，看得太慢了。

Nǐ kàn shū, kànde tài màn le. Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn kàn.

你看書，看得太慢了。請你快一點看。

3. Nǐ kàn bào kànde tài màn le.

你看報看得太慢了。

Nǐ kàn bào kànde tài màn le. Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn kàn.

你看報看得太慢了。請你快一點看。

4. Nǐ shuō Yīngwén shuōde tài kuài le.

你説英文説得太快了。

Nǐ shuō Yīngwén shuōde tài kuài le. Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn shuō.

你説英文説得太快了。請你慢一點説。

5. Nǐ kāi chē kāide tài kuài le.

你開車開得太快了。

Nǐ kāi chē kāide tài kuài le. Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.

你開車開得太快了。請你慢一點開。

6. Nǐ mài piào màide tài màn le.

你賣票賣得太慢了。

Nǐ mài piào màide tài màn le. Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn mài.

你賣票賣得太慢了。請你快一點賣。

7. Nǐ shuō Zhōngwén shuōde tài màn le.

你説中文説得太慢了。

Nǐ shuō Zhōngwén shuōde tài màn le. Qǐng ni kuài yìdiǎn shuō.

你説中文説得太慢了。請你快一點説。

D. Response Drill

1. Speaker: Wǒmen yǒu shífēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?

我們有十分鐘，來得及來不及？

(We have ten minutes. Can we make it in time?)

(cue) tài yuǎn

太遠

You: Tài yuǎn. Jiù yǒu shífēn zhōng, láibují.

太遠。就有十分鐘，來不及。

(It’s too far. [If] we have only ten minutes, we can’t make it in time.)

OR Wǒmen yǒu shífēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?

我們有十分鐘，來得及來不及？

(We have ten minutes. Can we make it in time?)

(cue) hěn jìn

很近

Hěn jìn. Yǒu shífēn zhōng, láidejí.

很近。有十分鐘，來得及。

(It’s very near. [If] we have ten minutes, we can make it in time.)

2. Wǒmen yǒu sānshifēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?

我們有三十分鐘，來得及來不及？

tài yuǎn

太遠

Tài yuǎn. Jiù yǒu sānshifēn zhōng, láibují.

太遠。就有三十分鐘，來不及。

3. Wǒmen yǒu èrshifēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?

我們有二十分鐘，來得及來不及？

hěn jìn

很近

Hěn jìn. You èrshifēn zhōng, láidejí.

很近。有二十分鐘，來得及。

[56]

4. Wǒmen yǒu shíwǔfēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?

我們有十五分鐘，來得及來不及？

tài yuǎn

太遠

Tài yuǎn. Jiù yǒu shíwǔfēn zhōng, láibují.

太遠。就有十五分鐘，來不及。

5. Wǒmen yōu shífēn zhōng, láidejí láibují?

我們有十分鐘，來得及來不及？

hěn jìn

很近

Hěn jìn. You shífēn zhōng, láidejí.

很近。有十分鐘，來得及。

6. Wǒmen yǒu èrshifēn zhong, láidejí láibují?

我們有二十分鐘，來得及來不及？

tài yuǎn

太遠

Tài yuǎn. Jiù yǒu èrshifēn zhōng, láibují.

太遠。就有二十分鐘，來不及。

E. Transformation Drill

1.   Speaker: Qǐng màn yìdiǎn kāi.

請慢一點開。

(Please drive a little slower.)

You: Bié kāi zhème kuài!

別開這麽快！

(Don’t drive so fast!)

2. Qǐng kuài yìdiǎn zǒu.

請快一點走。

Bié zǒu zhème màn!

別走這麽慢！

3. Qǐng màn yìdiǎn shuō.

請慢一點説。

Bié shuō zhème kuài!

別走這麽快！

4. Qǐng kuài yìdiǎn kāi.

請快一點開。

Bié kāi zhème màn!

別開這麽慢！

5. Qǐng kuài yìdiǎn kàn.

請快一點看。

Bié kàn zhème màn!

別看這麽慢！

6. Qǐng màn yìdiǎn shuō.

請慢一點説。

Bié shuō zhème kuài!

別走這麽快！

7. Qǐng kuài yìdiǎn zǒu.

請快一點走。

Bié zǒu zhème màn!

別走這麽慢！

F. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Wǒmen láidejí.

我們來得及。

(We can make it in time.)

(cue) qǐng

請

You: Wǒmen láidejí. Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.

我們來得及。請你慢一點開。

(We can make it in time. Please drive a little slower.)

OR Wǒmen láidejí.

我們來得及。

(cue) bié

別

Wǒmen láidejí. Bié kāi nàme kuài!

我們來得及。別開那麽快！

(We can make it in time. Don’t drive so fast!)

2. Wǒmen yōu shíjiān.

我們有時間。

qǐng

請

Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān. Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.

我們有時間。請你慢一點開。

[57]

3. Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān.

我們有時間。

bié

別

Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān. Bié kāi nàme kuài!

我們來得及。別開那麽快！

4. Wǒmen láidejí.

我們來得及。

qǐng

請

Wǒmen láidejí. Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.

我們來得及。請你慢一點開。

5. Wǒmen láidejí.

我們來得及。

bié

別

Wǒmen láidejí. Bié kāi nàme kuài!

我們來得及。別開那麽快！

6. Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān.

我們有時間。

qǐng

請

Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān. Qǐng ni màn yìdiǎn kāi.

我們來得及。請你慢一點開。

G. Response Drill

1. Speaker： Èrshiqīkuài.

二十七塊。

(Twenty-seven dollars.)

(cue) bù

不

You： Zhè shi sānshikuài. Bú yòng zhǎo le.

這是三十塊。不用找了。

(Here’s thirty dollars. Keep the change.)

OR  Èrshiqīkuài.

(Twenty-seven dollars.)

(cue) sān

三

Zhè shi sānshikuài. Qǐng ni zhǎo sānkuài qián.

這是三十塊。請你找三塊錢。

(Here’s thirty dollars. Please give me three dollars [in] change.)

2. Èrshiliù kuài.

二十六塊。

bù

不

Zhè shi sānshikuài. Bú yòng zhǎo le.

這是三十塊。不用找了。

3. Èrshi kuài.

二十塊。

shí

十

Zhè shi sānshikuài. Qǐng ni zhǎo shíkuài qiān.

這是三十塊。請你找十塊錢。

4. Èrshiwǔ kuài.

二十五塊

bù

不

Zhè shi sānshikuài. Bú yòng zhǎo le.

這是三十塊。不用找了。

5. Èrshiyī kuài.

二十一塊。

jiǔ

九

Zhè shi sānshikuài. Qǐng ni zhǎo jiukuài qián.

這是三十塊。請你找九塊錢。

6. Èrshibā kuài.

二十八塊。

bù

不

Zhè shi sānshikuài. Bú yòng zhǎo le.

這是三十塊。不用找了。

[57]

TRN, Unit 3

H.  Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Qǐng ni tíng yíxià.

請你停一下。

(Please stop for a moment.)

(cue) yínháng

銀行

You： Qǐng ni zài nèige yínháng tíng yíxià.

請你在銀行停一下。

(Please stop at that bank for a moment.)

2. Qǐng ni tíng yíxià.

請你停一下。

càishichǎng

菜市場

Qǐng ni zài nèige càishichǎng tíng yíxià.

請你在那個菜市場停一下。

3. Qǐng ni tíng yíxià.

請你停一下。

diànyǐngyuàn

電影院

Qǐng ni zài nèige diànyǐngyuàn tíng yíxià.

請你在那個電影院停一下。

4. Qǐng ni tíng yíxià.

請你停一下。

shūdiàn

書店

Qing ni zài nèige shūdiàn tíng yíxià.

請你在那個書店停一下。

5. Qǐng ni tíng yíxià.

請你停一下。

xuéxiào

學校

Qǐng ni zài nèige xuéxiào tíng yíxià.

請你在那個學校停一下。

6. Qǐng ni tíng yíxià.

請你停一下。

fàndiàn

飯店

Qǐng ni zài nèige fàndiàn tíng yíxià.

請你在那個銀行停一下。

7. Qǐng ni tíng yíxià.

請你停一下。

yínháng

銀行

Qǐng ni zài nèige yínháng tíng yíxià.

請你在那個銀行停一下。

[58]

UNIT 4

REFERENCE LIST

(in Taipei)

1. A: Wo xiǎng qù Táinán wán jitiān.

我想去臺南玩幾天。

I’m thinking of going to Táinán to relax for a few days.

2. A: Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu xíng?*

坐公路局行不行？

Would it be all right to take the bus?

B: Dào Táinán qù zuò Gōnglùjú bú dà fāngbian.

到臺南去坐公路局不大方便。

To go to Táinán, it’s not very convenient to take the bus.

3. C: Shì zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne?

是坐火車去好呢，還是坐公路局好呢？

Is it better to go by train or to go by bus?

D: Zuò huǒchē qu hǎo.

坐火車去好。

It’s better to go by train.

4. E: Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne?

你説是坐火車去好呢，還是坐公路局好呢？

Would you say it’s better to go by train or to go by bus?

F: Dào Táinán zuò huǒchē zuì fāngbian.

到臺南坐火車最方便。

To Táinán, it’s most convenient to take the train.

5. A: Děi xiān mǎi piào ma?

得先買票嗎？

Is it necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?

B: Nǐ zuì hǎo liǎngsāntiān yǐqián qù mǎi piào.

你最好兩三天以前去買票。

It would be best for you to go to buy your tickets two or three days ahead of time.

6. A: Zuò Gōnglùjú yě děi xiān mǎi piào ma?

坐公路局也得先買票嗎？

If I take the bus, is it also necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?

B: Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.

不必先買票。

It’s not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.

7. B: Nǐ yào zuò shěnme shíhoude chē?

你要坐什麽時候的車？

What train do you want to take?

A: Wǒ yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.

我要坐上午的車。

I want to take a morning train.

8. B: Duìbuqǐ, shàngwǔde piào dōu màiwán le.

對不起，上午票都賣完了。

I’m sorry, the tickets for the morning trains are all sold out.

*The speakers on tape always say zuò Gōnglùjúde chē for what is written here as zuò Gōnglùjú. Both expressions are acceptable. (See notes on No. 2.)

[60]

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY

(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

9. chuán

船

boat, ship

10. dìtiě

地鐵

subway (abbreviation for dìxià tiědào)

11. dìxià huǒchē

地下火車

underground train, subway

12. wán (wánr)

玩 (玩兒)

to play, to relax, to enjoy oneself

13. -wán

完
to be finished (occurs in compound verbs of result)

[61]

VOCABULARY

bú bì

不必

not necessary, don’t have to

chuán

船

boat, ship

dìtiě

地鐵

subway (abbreviation for dìxià tiedào)

dìxià huǒchē

地下火車

underground train, subway

fāngbian

方便

to be convenient

Gōnglùjú

公路局

Bureau of Highways (Taiwan)

huǒchē

火車

train

liǎngsān-

兩三

two or three

màiwán le

賣完了

to be sold out

wán (wánr)

玩 (玩兒)

to play, to relax, to enjoy oneself

-wán

完

to be finished (occurs in compound  verbs of result)

xiān

先

ahead of time, beforehand

zuì hǎo

最好

it would be best to

(introduced on C-2 tape)

huá chuán

划船

to row a boat

sàn bù

散步

to take a walk

shān

hill, mountain

shuǐ

水

rivers, lakes (literally, “water")

yóuyǒng

游泳

to swim

[62]

REFERENCE NOTES

1. A: Wo xiǎng qù Táinán wán jitiān.

我想去臺南玩幾天。

I’m thinking of going to Táinán to relax for a few days.

Note on No. 1

The basic meaning of the verb wán is “to play.” It is often best translated into English as “to relax,” “to enjoy oneself.”

2. A: Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu xíng?

坐公路局行不行？

Would it be all right to take the bus?

B: Dào Táinán qù zuò Gōnglùjú bú dà fāngbian.

到臺南去坐公路局不大方便。

To go to Táinán, it’s not very convenient to take the bus.

Notes on No. 2

Gōnglùjú, “the Bureau of Highways” in Taiwan, is the agency which administers the island’s intercity bus system. The phrase zuò Gōnglùjú means “to take a Bureau of Highways bus.” This phrasing is analogous to “I’m going by Greyhound.” In talking about the buses themselves, you would have to say Gōnglùjúde chē, “the buses of the Bureau of Highways”:

Gōnglùjúde chē hěn shūfu.

公路局的車很舒服。

The buses of the Bureau of Highways are very comfortable. (shūfu, “to be comfortable”)

Sentences containing both dào and zuò phrases: The zuò phrase usually comes first in a sentence with both a prepositional phrase expressing destination (dào...) and a prepositional phrase expressing means of conveyance (zuò...). However, if the destination is being stressed, the dào phrase may be placed at the beginning of the sentence, in the topic position. (See the second sentence in exchange 2.)

Tā měitiān zuò gōnggòng qìchē dào xuéxiào lái.  

他每天坐公共汽車到學校來。

He rides the bus to school every day.

Dào yínháng qù, tā bú zuò gōnggòng qìchē. Tā zǒu lù qu.

到銀行去，他不坐公共汽車。 她走路去。

To go to the bank, he doesn't take the bus. He walks there,

Bú dà might also be translated as “not too,” “not so.”

[63]

3. C: Shì zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne?

是坐火車去好呢，還是坐公路局好呢？

Is it better to go by train or to go by bus?

D: Zuò huǒchē qu hǎo.

坐火車去好。

Notes on No. 3

Shi...háishi: In a choice-type question, shi and háishi serve to mark off the choices more clearly. Below are some of the most common ways of asking the question “Do you want the red one or the yellow one?”

Nǐ yào hóngde, háishi yào huángde? (PREFERRED FORMS)

你要紅的，還是要黃的？

Nǐ shi yào hóngde, háishi yào huángde?

你是要紅的，還是要黃的？

Nǐ yào hóngde, huángde? (FAMILIAR, VERY COLLOQUIAL; NO PAUSE AT COMMA)

你要紅的，黃的？

Nǐ shi yào hóngde, shi yào huángde? (LEAST PREFERRED; shi UNSTRESSED HERE)

你是要紅的，是要黃的？

The marker ne clarifies the choices in a choice-type question. Ne may be placed after one or the other choice or after both choices.

Nǐ jīntiān qù ne, háishi míngtiān qù? 

你今天去呢，還是明天去？

Are yǒu going today or tomorrow?

Nǐ jīntiān qù, háishi míngtiān qù ne?

你今天去，還是明天去呢？

Nǐ jīntiān qù ne, shi míngtiān qù ne? (COMMUNICATES GENUINE PERPLEXITY) .

你今天去呢，是明天去呢？

Zuò huǒchē qu hǎo: Here a whole phrase, which could also be a sentence, is used as the subject of the sentence.

Zuò huǒchē qù   hǎo.

坐 火車 去 好

(ride train go  good)

Hǎo is translated here as “better,” not as “good.” Adjectival verbs used alone (i.e., not modified by words such as hěn and tài) usually express comparison.

Něige xuésheng hǎo?

哪個學生好？

Which student is better?

Shéi kuài?

誰快？

Who is faster?

[64]

4. E: Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne?

你説是坐火車去好呢，還是坐公路局好呢？

Would you say it’s better to go by train or to go by bus?

F: Dào Táinán zuò huǒchē zuì fāngbian.

到臺南坐火車最方便。

To Táinán, it’s most convenient to take the train.

Note on No. 4

When nǐ shuō begins a question, the phrase is translated as “would you say” or “do you think.”

5. A: Děi xiān mǎi piào ma?

得先買票嗎？

Is it necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?

B: Nǐ zuì hǎo liǎngsāntiān yǐqián qù mǎi piào.

你最好兩三天以前去買票。

It would be best for you to go to buy your tickets two or three days ahead of time.

Notes on No. 5

The adverb xiān may sometimes be translated as “ahead of time,” “beforehand.”

Zuì hǎo, “best,” acts as an adverb in exchange 5, coming after the subject nǐ in the second sentence. Zuì hǎo is used to offer advice politely, not to warn a person that he had “better” or “best” do something.

Liǎngsāntiān: When approximate amounts, such as “two or three,” are given in Chinese, the numbers are read together, with no equivalent of “or.” This system is also used when two words are combined to indicate an approximate date.

sìwǔge rén

四五個人

four or five people

mínghòutiān

明後天

tomorrow or the day after

Qībāyuè

七八月

July or August

Liǎngsāntiān yǐqián: For “ahead of time,” “in advance,” yǐqián is used (instead of xiān) when the amount of time is stated. Yǐqián follows the word indicating the amount of time.

Nǐ děi xiān qù mǎi piào.

你得先去買票。

You have to go ahead of time to buy tickets.

Nǐ děi liǎngsāntiān yǐqián qù mǎi piào.

你得兩三天以前去買票。

You have to go two or three days ahead of time to buy tickets.

[65]

6. A: Zuò Gōnglùjú yě děi xiān mǎi piào ma?

坐公路局也得先買票嗎？

If I take the bus, is it also necessary to buy tickets ahead of time?

B: Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.

不必先買票。

It’s not necessary to buy tickets ahead of time.

Notes on No. 6

Zuò Gōnglùjú, “if I take the bus”: The beginning of the first sentence in exchange 6 is translated with an “if” in English. Literally, the Chinese sentence is “Take the bus, also have to beforehand buy tickets?” In a sense the “if” part of the sentence is a kind of topic in Chinese, providing the setting for the second part of the sentence. In Chinese, the setting or condition can often be put in the topic position. In English, a particular word must be used to clarify the relationship of the first part of the sentence to the second part.

Zuò Gōnglùjú,....

If I take the bus,....

When one takes the bus,....

For taking the bus,....

To take the bus,....

Bú bì, “not necessary,” “don’t have to,” is the phrase to use as the negative of the auxiliary děi, “must,” “have to.” Děi cannot be made negative.*

*"Must not” as in “You must not go” can be translated as bù néng: Nǐ bù néng qù.

7. B: Nǐ yào zuò shěnme shíhoude chē?

你要坐什麽時候的車？

What train do you want to take?

A: Wǒ yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.

我要坐上午的車。

I want to take a morning train.

Note on No. 7

Shénme shíhoude chē has been translated simply as “what train.” More literally, the phrase means “a train (arriving at) what time.”

[66]

8. B: Duìbuqǐ, shàngwǔde piào dōu màiwán le.

對不起，上午票都賣完了。

I’m sorry, the tickets for the morning trains are all sold out.

Notes on No. 8

Wán, “to end,” ”to be over,” cannot take a direct object.

Wánle ma?

完了嗎？

Is it over?

Wánle meiyou?

玩了沒有？

Is it over yet?

Hái méi wán ne.

還沒完呢？

It isn’t over yet.

By itself, the expression Wán le! means “That’s all,” “There’s no more,” or “That’s it!” People often end speeches and recordings with Wán le!

Màiwán le, “to be sold out,” literally “sell finished”: Here is another example of a compound verb of result.* Compound verbs of result communicate both the action being performed and its result. In compound verbs of result, the first verb indicates the action; and the second, the result. Not every action verb is used in compound verbs of result, nor are verbs indicating the result always predictable.

*In DIR, Unit U, yǒu learned kànjian, “to see,” literally “look-perceive.”

All examples which have been presented in this and previous modules occur with completion le.

When -wán is used as an ending, it indicates finishing, as in Wǒ hái méi shuōwán, “I haven’t finished speaking yet,” or depletion, as in màiwán le, “sold out,” and yòngwán le, “used up.” In English, you might Just say “finished,” without indicating what you have finished doing. In Chinese, the action which has been finished is usually mentioned.

Wǒ chīwán le.

我吃完了。

I have finished eating.

Wǒ huàwán le.

我畫完了。

I have finished drawing.

Wǒ kànwán le.

我看完了。

I have finished reading.

Wǒ hái méi shuōwán ne.

我還沒説完呢。

I have not finished talking yet.

Tā hái méi zuòwán ne.

他還沒做完呢。

He has not finished (doing something) yet.

[67]

DRILLS

A.  Response Drill

1. Speaker: Nǐ qù náli?    You: Wǒ xiǎng qù Táinán wán jitiān.

(cue) Táinán    (I’m thinking of going to

(Where are yǒu going?)  Táinán to relax for a few
days.)

2. Nǐ qù náli? Xīnzhú  Wǒ xiǎng qù Xīnzhú wán jitiān.
3. Nǐ qù náli? Jiāyì   Wǒ xiǎng qù Jiāyì wán jitiān.
4. Nǐ qù náli? Gāoxióng    Wǒ xiǎng qù Gāoxióng wán jitiān.
5. Nǐ qù náli? Huālián Wo xiǎng qù Huālián wán jitiān.
6. NĪ qù náli? Táidōng Wǒ xiǎng qù Táidōng wán jitiān.
7. Nǐ qù náli? Táiběi  wǒ xiǎng qù Táiběi wán jitiān.

B.  Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Zuò Gōnglùjú.

(cue) Táinán

(Take the bus.)

You: Dào Táinán qù zuò Gōnglùjú xíng
bu xíng?

(To go to Táinán, would it be
all right to take the bus?)

2. Zuò huǒchē. Jiāyì   Dào Jiāyì qù zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng?
3. Zuò zhídáchē.   Gāoxióng    Dào Gāoxióng qù zuS zhídáchē xíng bu xíng?
4. Zuò jìchéngchē. ,   Táidōng Dào Táidōng qù zuò Jìchéngchē xíng bu xíng?
5. Zuò huǒchē. Huālián Dào Huālián qù zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng?
6. Zuò jìchéngchē  Jīlóng  Dào Jīlóng qù zuò jìchéngchē xíng bu xíng?
7. Zuò Gōnglùjú.   Táizhōng    Dào Táizhōng qù zuò Gōnglùjú xíng

bu xíng?

C.  Response Drill

1. Speaker: Zuò gōnggòng qìchē
xíng bu xíng?
(cue) kěshi bú dà

(Would it be all right
to take the bus?)

OR Zuò gōnggòng qìchē
xíng bu xíng?
(cue) zuì

(Would it be all
right to take the
bus?)

2. Zuò huǒchē xíng bu xíng?
kěshi bú dà

3. Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng bu xíng?
zuì

4. Zuò jìchéngchē xíng bu xíng?
zuì

5. Zuò Sānlù chē xíng bu xíng?
kěshi bú dà

6. Zuò Wǔlù chē xíng bu xíng?
zuì

You:



Zuò gōnggòng qìchē xíng, kěshi
bú dà fāngbian.

(It would be all right to take
the bus, but it’s not very
convenient.)

Zuò gōnggòng qìchē xíng, zuì
fāngbian.

(it would be all right to take
the bus; it’s most convenient.)

Zuò huǒchē xíng, kěshi bú dà
fāngbian.

Zuò Gōnglùjú xíng, zuì fāngbian.

Zuò Jìchéngchē xíng, zuì fāngbian.

Zuò Sānlù chē xíng, kěshi bú dà
fāngbian.

Zuò Wǔlù chē xíng, zuì fāngbian.

D. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Zuò huǒchē hǎo bu
hǎo?

(cue) Gōnglùjú
(is it all right to
take the train?)

2. Jīntiān qù hao bu hǎo?
míngtiān

3. Zuò Gōnglùjú hao bu hǎo?
jìchéngchē

4. Míngtiān qù hao bu hǎo?
hòutiān

5. Zuò huǒchē hǎo bu hǎo?
qìchē

You: Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hao
ne, háishi zuò Gōnglùjú qu
hao ne?

(Would yǒu say it’s better to
go by train or to go by bus?)

Nǐ shuō, jīntiān qù hǎo ne, háishi
míngtiān qù hǎo ne?

Nǐ shuō shi zuò Gōnglùjú qu hǎo ne,
háishi zuò jìchéngchē qu hǎo ne?

Nǐ shuō, míngtiān qù hǎo ne, háishi
hòutiān qù hǎo ne?

Nǐ shuō shi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne,
háishi zuò qìchē qu hǎo ne?

6. Jīntiān qù hǎo hu hǎo?
míngtiān

Nǐ shuō, jīntiān qù haǒ ne, háishi
míngtiān qù hǎo ne?

7. Zuò fēijī hǎo hu hǎo?
huochē

Nǐ shuō shi zuò fēijī qu hǎo ne,
háishi zuò huǒchē qu hǎo ne?

E. Response Drill

1. Speaker: Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?

(cue) yes

(Is it necessary to buy
tickets ahead, of time?)

OR Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?

(cue) no

(is it necessary to
buy tickets ahead,
of time?)

2. Dei xiān niàn Zhōngguo lìshī ma?
yes

3. Dei xiān zuò Yílù chē ma? no

H.  Dei xiān dào Xīdān ma?  yes

5. Dei xiān huàn qián ma?  no

6. Dei xiān qù kàn gēge ma? no

You: Dei xiān mǎi piào.

(It's necessary to buy tickets
ahead, of time.)

Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.

(it's not necessary to buy
tickets ahead of time.)

Dei xiān niàn Zhōngguo lìshī.

Bú bì xiān zuò Yílù chē.

Dei xiān dào Xīdān.

Bú bì xiān huàn qián.

Bú bì xiān qù kàn gēge.

F. Response Drill

1. Speaker: Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?
(cue) 2 or 3 days
(is it necessary to
buy tickets ahead
of time?)

OR Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?
(cue) no
(is it necessary to
buy tickets ahead
of time?)

You: Nǐ zuì hǎo liǎngsāntiān yǐqián
mǎi piào.

(it would be best for yǒu to
buy your tickets two or three
days ahead of time.)

Bú bì xiān mǎi piào.

(it's not necessary to buy
tickets ahead of time.)

2. Dei xiān mǎi piào ma?   Nǐ zuì hǎo liǎngtiān yǐqián mǎi piào

2 days

3. Děi xiān huàn qián ma?
U or 5 days

4. Děi xiān qù kàn gēge ma?
no

5. Děi xiān kàn zhèiběn shǔ ma?
3 days

6. Děi xiān huàn qián ma? no

Nǐ zuì hǎo sìwǔtiān yǐqián huàn qián.

Bú hi xiān qù kàn gēge.

Nǐ zuì hǎo sāntiān yǐqián kàn
zhèiběn shū.

Bú bì xiān huàn qián.

G. Response Drill

1. Speaker: Nǐ yào zuò shénme
shíhoude chē?
(cue) shàngwǔ

(What train do yǒu want
to take?)

2. Nǐ yào zuò jǐdiǎn zhōngde chē?
xiàwǔ 2:10

3. Nǐ yào zuò shénme shíhoude chē?
wǎnshang

4. Nǐ yào zuò Jīdiǎn zhōngde chē?
zǎoshang 9:50

5. Nǐ yào zuò shánme shíhoude chē?
shàngwǔ

6. Nǐ yào zuò jǐdiǎn zhōngde chē?
shàngwǔ ll:U0

7. Nǐ yào zuò shánme shíhoude chē?
xiàwǔ

You: Wō yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.

(I want to take a morning train.)

Wō yào zuò xiàwǔ liǎngdiǎn shífēnde
chē.

Wō yào zuò wǎnshangde chē.

Wō yào zuò zǎoshang Jiǔdiǎn
wǔshifēnde chē.

Wō yào zuò shàngwǔde chē.

Wō yào zuò shàngwǔ shíyīdiǎn
sìshifēnde chē.

Wō yào zuò xiàwǔde chē.

H.  Transformation Drill

1. Speaker： Qingwèn, shàngwǔde
chēpiào hái you
meiyou?

(May I ask, are there
still tickets for
the morning train?)

2. Qingwèn, dào Táinán qùde chēpiào
hái yǒu meiyou?

3. Qingwèn, míngtiān shàngwǔde
chēpiào hái yǒu meiyou?

4. Qingwèn, dào Huālián qùde chēpiào
hái yǒu meiyou?

5. Qingwèn, jǐntiān xiàwude chēpiào
hái yǒu meiyou?

6. Qingwèn, dào Gāoxiong qùde
chēpiào hái yǒu meiyou?

7. Qingwèn, míngtiānde chēpiào
hái yǒu meiyou?

You: Qingwèn, shàngwǔde chēpiào
dōu màiwán le meiyou?

(May I ask, are the tickets for
the morning trains all sold
out?)

Qingwèn, dào Táinán qùde chēpiào dōu
màiwán le meiyou?

Qingwèn, míngtiān shàngwǔde chēpiào
dōu màiwán le meiyou?

Qingwèn, dào Huālián qùde chēpiào
dōu màiwán le meiyou?

Qingwèn, jīntiān xiàwǔde chēpiào
dōu màiwán le meiyou?

Qingwèn, dào Gāoxiong qùde chēpiào
dōu màiwán le meiyou?

Qingwèn, míngtiānde chēpiào dōu
màiwán le meiyou?

UNIT 5

REFERENCE LIST

(in Bǎijīng)

1. A:

B:

A:

2. A:

B:

3. A:

B:

4. C:

5. B:

A:

B:

6. A:

A:

A:

7. * B:

8i**B:

Wo ye xiǎng dào Nánjīng qù
kànkan.

Nǐ jìhua neitiān qù?

Míngtiān huòshi hòutiān qù
dōu kéyi.

Shànghǎi if Nánjīng yǒu duo
yuǎn?

Y8u liǎngbǎiwǔshiduō
gōnglī.

Zuò huoche yào zǒu duōshao
shíhou?

Dàgài yào zǒu sìge bàn
xiǎoshí.

Yào zou bànge xiǎoshí.

Nǐ jìhua zài Nánjīng zhù
Jītiān?

Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào
Nánjīng qù. Yǐqián mái
qùguo. Nǐ shuō liǎngtiǎn
gòu bu gou?

Liǎngtiǎn gòu le.

Měitiān yǒu jītàng chē?

Xiàwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?

Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.

Shísǎndiǎn ling wǔfēn yǒu
yìbān tèkuài.

Shísǎndiǎn ling wǔfēn yǒu
yftàng tèkuài.

I would also like to go to Nánjīng
to look around.

What day do yǒu plan to go?

Tomorrow and (or) the day after are
both possible.

How far is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?

It’s over 250 kilometers.

How long does it take to go by train?

It probably takes four and a half
hours.

It takes half an hour.

How many days do yǒu plan to stay
in Nánjīng?

This will be the first time I have
gone to Nánjīng. I haven’t gone
there before. Would yǒu say two
days are enough?

Two days are enough.

How many trips are there each day?

Are there trains in the afternoon?

I hope to leave here in the afternoon.

There’s an express at 1305.

There’s an express at 1305.

*This exchange occurs on the C-1 tape only.

**This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only.

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

9. dǎsuan

10. huòzhě (huōzhe)

11. yīhòu

12. zhōngtōu

to plan to

or (alternate form of huSshi)
afterwards, later on, in the future
hour (alternate word for xiaoshí)

Gate at Shenzhen, where people get off the train from Hong Kong, walk across
a bridge into China (through the gate in photo), and board a train for
Guǎngzhōu. Most of the people in the picture are Hong Kong residents on
their way to visit relatives in Guǎngzhōu.

VOCABULARY

bàn half (followed by a counter or a noun which does not take a counter)
-cì occasion, time
dàgài   probably, approximately
dǎsuàn (dǎsuan) to plan to
dìyícì (dìyícì) the first time
-duo    over, more than
gōnglī  kilometer
gòu to be enough
huōshi  or
huōzhě (huŌzhe) or
Jìhua   to plan to
kànkan  to see, to look around, to sight-see,
to visit
líkǎi   to leave
-tang   (counter for bus trips, train trips,
etc.)
tèkuài  express train
xiǎoshí hour
xīwàng (xīwang) to hope
yào must, to have to; to take (a certain
amount of time)
yǐhòu   afterwards, later on; in the future
yìqián  before, in the past
zhōngtóu    hour

(introduced on C-2 tape)

biéde dìfang

cānguān

duōshao hào
gōngchǎng
Juéding
yìshuāng píxié
yōu hǎo yǒu pianyi

other places (cf. biěrén, “other
people")

to visit as an observer

what size (shoe)

factory

to decide

a pair of leather shoes
both good and inexpensive

TU

REFERENCE NOTES

1. A: Wǒ yě xiǎng dào Nánjīng qù
kànkan.

B: Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù?

A: Míngtiān huòshi hòutiān qù
dōu kéyi.

I would also like to go to Nánjīng
to look around.

What day do yǒu plan to go?

Tomorrow and (or) the day after are
both possible.

Notes on No. 1

Kànkan, “to have a look”: In exchange 1, kànkan refers to doing some
sight-seeing. The reduplicated verb form implies an indefinite amount of
sight-seeing, best translated into English as “to have a look,” “to look
around.”

Huòshi (alternate, huòzhě) is used
acceptable or possible.

Wǒ qù mǎi yìdiǎnr píjiǔ
huòshi mǎi yìdiǎnr qìshuī.

Tā míngtiān huòshi hòutiān
lái kàn nī ma?

Háishi is used for “or” when a choice

Nǐ mǎi píjiǔ háishi mǎi
qìshuī?

Nǐ xīhuan dàde háishi xīhuan
xiǎode?

for “or” when both alternatives are

I will go to buy some beer or
some soft drinks.

Is he coming to see yǒu tomorrow
or the day after? (i.e., some-
time during the next two days)

is required between the alternatives

Are yǒu buying beer or (are you
buying) soft drinks?

Do yǒu like the large one or (do
you like) the small one?

2. A:

B:

Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duo
yuǎn?

You liǎngbǎi wǔshiduō gōnglī.

How far is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?

It’s over 250 kilometers.

Notes on No. 2

Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duo yuǎn?
distance between two points.

You is used in expressing the

Shànghǎi    lí  Nán j īng   yǒu duō yuǎn?
(Shànghǎi   be separated from   Nán J īng   there is    how much    distance?)

“How far is Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?”

Tianjin lí  Běijīng yǒu 120 gōnglī.
(Tiānjīn    be separated from   Běijīng there is    120 kilometers.)

“Tianjin is 120 kilometers from Běijīng.”

Liǎngbǎi wǔshiduō gōnglǐ: Approximate numbers may be expressed by
adding -duō to number phrases. When added immediately after a number,
before the counter,* -duō refers to an indefinite amount within the
range of the round number.

liǎngbǎiduō gōnglǐ  more than 200 kilometers (but

fewer than 300)

yìqiānduōge xuésheng more than 1,000 students (but
fewer than 2,000)

sānshiduōkuài qián  more than 30 dollars (but fewer

than Ho)

Beginning with 20, -duō may be used in this way with any round number.

With round numbers from 20 through 90, -jǐ may be used instead of -duō.

persons (but fewer

ershiduoge ren
èrshijǐge rén

sishiduō gōnglǐ
slshijī gōnglǐ

With the number 10, only -J:
shíjīkuài qián

more than 20
than 30)

more than Uo
fewer than

is used, never -duō.

more than 10
than 20)

kilometers (but
50)

dollars (but fewer

*Gōnglǐ is one of the nouns used without a counter.

3. A: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao
shíhou?

B: Dàgài yào zǒu sìge bàn
xiǎoshí.

How long does it take to go by
train?

It probably takes four and a half
hours.

C: Yào zǒu bànge xiǎoshí.

It takes half an hour.

Notes on Nos. 3-^

The auxiliary verb yào, “to want,”
“to have to.” (See the first sentence

is sometimes used as “to need to,”
in exchange 3.)

Zuò huǒchē  yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?
(ride   train   have to go  how much    time?)

“How long does it take to go by train?”

Yào may also be used as a main verb meaning “to take Ca certain amount of
timel":

Zuò huǒchē  yào duōshao shíhou?
(ride   train   takes   how much    time?)

“How long does it take by train?”

Bàn-, “a half (of),” is used like a number—before a counter or before
a noun which does not require a counter.

bànge xiǎoshí   half    an hour

bànniǎn half    a year

bànge píngguǒ   half    an  apple

Sìge bàn: When bàn FOLLOWS a counter or a noun not requiring a counter,
the word is translated as “and a half.”

liǎngkuài bàn   two and a half dollars

sāntiān bàn three and a half days

yíge bàn xiǎoshí    one and a half hours

Xiǎoshí: Formerly, the Chinese considered that one day and night (2h
hours) was divided into twelve 2-hour periods of time. Each of these time
periods was divided into two xiǎoshí, “small hours,” when telling time by the
Western 2U-hour system gained popularity throughout the world.

5. B: Nǐ Jìhua zài Nánjīng zhù
Jītiān?

A:  Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào
Nánjīng qù. Yǐqián méi
qùguo. Nǐ shuō liǎngtiǎn
gòu bu gou?

B:  Liǎngtiǎn gòu le.

How many days do yǒu plan to stay
in Nánjīng?

This will be the first time I have
gone to Nánjīng. I haven’t gone
there before. Would yǒu say two
days are enough?

Two days are enough.

Note on No. 5

Gòu le: The last sentence in exchange 5 ends with the new-situation
marker le. This marker is used to describe what a situation is, was, or
will be AT A SPECIFIED TIME. The travel agent says that, when the visit
has lasted two days, THEN it will be long enough.

6. A: Měitiān yǒu Jītàng chē?

A: Xiàwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?

A: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.

How many trains are there each day?
Are there trains in the afternoon?

I hope to leave here in the after-
noon.

Notes on No. 6

Jītàng: The counter -tàng is used when the trip mentioned is not a
particular one, scheduled at a certain time. Similarly, it can also be
used to talk about the number   of trips    a person    has made, or will   make.

Líkāi,  “to leave,” may be  followed    by an object    (the place).    On  the

other hand, zǒu, “to leave,” is never followed by an object.

Nǐ  shénme shíhou líkāi zhèr?   When are    yǒu leaving here?

Nǐ  shénme shíhou zǒu?  When are    yǒu leaving?

7. B: Shisandiǎn ling wǔfēn you
yibān tèkuài.

8. B: Shísāndiǎn ling wǔfēn you
yítàng tèkuài.

There’s an express at 1305.

There’s an express at 1305.

Notes on Nos. 7-8

Shísāndiǎn ling wǔfēn: For train and bus schedules, a 2U-hour clock
is commonly used in China, beginning with 1 a.m. and continuing to mid-
night, or 2^00.

12-hour clock       2U-hour clock
zǎoshàng shídiǎn    10  a.m.    shídiǎn 1000
xiàwǔ yìdiān    1   p.m.    shísāndiǎn  1300
xiàwǔ wǔdiǎn    5   p.m.    shìqīdiǎn   1700
wǎnshàng shídiǎn    10  p.m.    èrshièrdiǎn 2200

Ling is included to indicate the zero in “1305.”

Tèkuài is an abbreviation for tèbiě kuàichē, “special express train.”

Yìbān and yítàng, counters for trips made by trains, buses, planes,
and other conveyances, are sometimes interchangeable.

DRILLS

A.  Response Drill
1. Speaker: Wǒ dǎsuan dào Nánjīng qù kànkan.  (cue) něitiān  (I’m planning to go to Nánjīng to look around.)   You: Nǐ dǎsuan něitiān qù?  (What day do yǒu plan to go?)
2. Wǒ xiǎng dào Xīān qù kànkan. jīyuè  Nǐ  xiǎng Jīyuè qù?
3. Wǒ jìhua dào Húběi qù kànkan. xīngqījī  Nǐ  jìhua xīngqījī qù?
h.  Wǒ dǎsuan dào Shànghǎi qù kànkan.   jīhào   Nǐ  dǎsuan jīhào qù?
5. Wǒ jìhua dào Sūzhōu qù kànkan. Jīyuè    Nǐ  jìhua jīyuè qù?
6. Wǒ xiǎng dào Běijīng qù kànkan. něitiān Nǐ  xiǎng něitiān qù?
7. Wǒ dǎsuan dào Wuchang qù kànkan. xīngqījl   Nǐ  dǎsuan xīngqījl qù?

B. Response Drill

1. Speaker： Nǐ dǎsuan shénme shíhou
dào Nánjīng qù?
(cue) xiàge yuè

(When are yǒu planning
to go to Nánjīng?)

2. Nǐ Jìhua jīyuè dào Shànghǎi qù?
Liùyuè

3. Nǐ xiǎng něitiān dào Guǎngzhōu
qù? hèutiān

You: Wǒ dǎsuan xiàge yuè dào Nánjīng
qu kànkan.

(I’m planning to go to see
Nánjīng next month.)

Wǒ jìhua Liùyuè dào Shànghǎi qu
kànkan.

Wǒ xiǎng hōutiān dào Guǎngzhōu qu
kànkan.

4. Nǐ dǎsuan něinián dào Zhōngguo
qù? míngnián

5. Nǐ jìhua jīyuè dào Xiānggǎng
qù? Èryuè

6. Nǐ xiǎng xīngqījī dào Běijīng
qù? Xīngqīsān

7. Nǐ dǎsuan jǐdiǎn zhōng dào tā
nèr qù? sāndiǎn zhōng

Wo dǎsuan míngnián dào Zhōngguo qu
kànkan.

Wo jìhua Èryuè dào Xiānggǎng qu
kànkan.

Wo xiǎng Xīngqīsān dào Běijīng qu
kànkan.

Wo dǎsuan sāndiǎn zhōng dào tā nèr
qu kànkan.

C. Response Drill

1. Speaker: Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù?

(cue) Xīngqīèr
(What day do yǒu plan

to go?)

2. Nǐ jìhua něitiān qù? wùhào

3. Nǐ xiǎng jīyuè qù? Wùyuè

4. Nǐ xiǎng něinián qù? 1977

5. Nǐ dǎsuan shénme shíhou qù?
xiàyuè sìhào

6. Nǐ dǎsuan jǐdiǎn zhōng qù?
shàngwù shídiǎn

7. Nǐ jìhua jīhào qù? èrshiqī

You: Xīngqīèr huòzhě Xīngqīsān, dōu
kéyi.

(Tuesday and Cor3 Wednesday
are both possible.)

Wùhào huòzhě liùhào, dōu kéyi.

Wǔyuè huòzhě Liùyuè, dōu kéyi.

Yījiǔqīqī huòzhě Yījiǔqībā, dōu kéyi.

Xiàyuè sìhào huòzhě xiàyuè •wùhào,
dōu kéyi.

Shàngwù shídiǎn huòzhě shàngwù
shíyīdiǎn, dōu kéyi.

Èrshiqíhào huòzhě Èrshibahào, dōu
kéyi.

D. Transformation Drill

1. Speaker： Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng
yuan ma?

(cue) duo

(is Shànghǎi far from
Nánjīng?)

OR Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng
yuan ma?

(cue) duoshao

(Is Shànghǎi far from
Nánjīng?)

2. Běijīng lí Tianjin yuan ma?
duō

3. Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yuan ma?
duōshao

4. Nánjīng lí Bǎijlng yuan ma?
duōshao

5. Guǎngzhōu lí Wuhan yuan ma?
duo

6. Shànghǎi lí Hángzhōu yuan ma?
duōshao

You： Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duō
yuan?

(How far is Shànghǎi from
NánjIng?)

Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yǒu duōshao
gōnglī?

(How many kilometers is
Shànghǎi from Nánjīng?)

Běijīng lí Tianjin yǒu duō yuan?

Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu duōshao
gōnglī?

Nánjīng lí Běijīng yǒu duōshao
gōnglī?

Guǎngzhōu lí Wuhan yǒu duō yuan?

Shànghǎi lí Hángzhōu yǒu duōshao
gōnglī?

E. Response Drill

1. Speaker： Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng you
duō yuan?

(cue ) dàgài 270

(How far is Shànghǎi
from Nánjīng?)

OR Tianjin lí Běijīng yōu
duō yuan?

(cue) 80duō

(How far is Tianjin
from Běijīng?)

2. Bōijīng lí Hángzhōu yǒu duō
yuan? 900duō

You: Dàgài yōu èrbǎiqīshí gōnglī.

(it’s probably 270 kilometers.)

Dàgài lí Běijīng yōu bàshíduō
gōnglī.

(It’s probably more than 80
kilometers.)

Dàgài lí Hángzhōu yōu jiubǎiduō
gōnglī.

3. Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu duo
yuan?   dàgài 800

4. Nánjīng lí Shànghǎi yǒu duó
yuan?   dàgài 200

5. Wuhàn lí Běijīng yǒu duó yuǎn?
TOOduō

6. Hángzhōu lí Shànghǎi yǒu duó
yuǎn? ITOduǒ

Dàgài yǒu bābǎi gōnglī.

Dàgài yǒu èrbǎi gōnglī.

Dàgài lí Běijīng yǒu qībǎiduō
gōnglī.

Dàgài lí Shànghǎi yǒu yībǎiqīshíduō
gōnglī.

F. Transformation Drill

1. Speaker: Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng you
sǎnbǎi gōnglī.

(cue) méi

(Shànghǎi is 300 kilo-
meters from Nánjīng.)

OR Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yōu
sǎnbǎi gōnglī.

(cue) dàgài

(Shànghǎi is 300 kilo-
meters from Běijīng.)

OR Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng you
sǎnbǎi gōnglī.

(cue) duō

(Shànghǎi is 300 kilo-
meters from Běijīng.)

2. Běijīng lí Shànghǎi yōu yìqiǎn
gōnglī. mei

3. Wuhàn lí Běijīng yōu bǎbǎi
gōnglī. dàgài

4. Nánjīng lí Shànghǎi yōu èrbǎi
gōnglī. duō

5. Hángzhōu lí Shànghǎi yōu yìbǎi
gōnglī. duō

You: Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng meiyou
sǎnbǎi gōnglī.

(Shànghǎi isn't Lis less thanJ

300 kilometers from Nánjīng.)

Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng dàgài yōu
sǎnbǎi gōnglī.

(Shànghǎi is probably 300 kilo-
meters from Běijīng.)

Shànghǎi lí Nánjīng yōu
sǎnbǎiduō gōnglī.

(Shànghǎi is more than 300
kilometers from Běijīng.)

Běijīng lí Shànghǎi měiyou yìqiǎn
gōnglī.

Wuhàn lí Běijīng dàgài yōu bǎbǎi
gōnglī.

Nánjīng lí Shànghǎi yōu èrbǎiduō
gōnglī.

Hángzhōu lí Shànghǎi yōu yìbǎiduō
gōnglī.

G. Substitution Drill

1. Speaker: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu Jīge
zhōngtǒu?

(cue) duo jiǔ

(How many hours does it
take by train?)

2. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duǒ jiǔ?
duōshao shíhou

3. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao
shíhou? jitiān

4. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jitiān?
jīge xīngqī

5. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jīge xīngqī?
jíge xiāoshí

6. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jīge xiaoshí?
duōshao tiān

7. Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao tiān?

You: Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duǒ jiǔ?

(How long does it take by train?)

Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao shíhou?

Zuò huǒchē yào zou jitiān?

Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jīge xīngqī?

Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu jīge xiāoshí?

Zuò huǒchē yào zǒu duōshao tiān?

H. Transformation Drill

1. Speaker: Yào zǒu bànge zhōngtou. You: Yào zǒu yíge bàn zhōngtǒu.

(cue) 1 (it takes an hour and a half.)

(It takes half an hour.)

OF  ì   Yào zǒu bàntiān.  (cue) 3  (it takes half a day.)       Yào zǒu sāntiān bàn.  (it takes three and a half days.
2. Yào zǒu bànge yuè.  2   Yào zǒu liāngge bàn yuè.
3. Yào zǒu bànge xīngqī.   1   Yào zou yíge bàn xīngqī.
4. Yào zou bànniān.    1   Yào zǒu yìniān bàn.
5. Yào zǒu bànge zhōngtǒu. u   Yào zǒu sìge bàn zhōngtǒu.
6. Yào zǒu bànge yuè.  1   Yào zǒu yíge bàn yuè.

I. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker： Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào
Nánjīng qù.
(cue) yīhòu

(This will be the first
time I have gone to
Nánjīng.)

OR Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào
Nánjīng qù.
(cue) yǐqián

(This will be the first
time I have gone to
Nánjīng.)

2. Zhèi shi tā dìyīcì xué Zhōngguo
huà.    yīhòu

3. Zhèi shi tā dìyīcì chī Zhōngguo
fàn.    yǐqián

H. Zhèi shi wo dìyīcì dào zhèr lai.
yīhòu

5. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái.
yǐqián

6. Zhèi shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Měiguo
qù. yǐqián

You： Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng
qù. Yīhòu hái yào qù.

(This will be the first time
I have gone to Nánjīng.

Later on I want to go again.)

Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Nánjīng
qù. Yǐqián méi qùguo.

(This will be the first time I
have gone to Nánjīng. I
haven’t gone there before.)

Zhè shi tā dìyīcì xué Zhōngguo huà.
Yīhòu hái yào xue.

Zhè shi tā dìyīcì chī Zhōngguo fàn.
Yǐqián mei chīguo.

Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái.

Yīhòu hái yào lái.

Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào zhèr lái.

Yǐqián měi láiguo.

Zhè shi wǒ dìyīcì dào Měiguo qù.

Yǐqián mei qùguo.

J. Response Drill

1. Speaker: Nǐ shuō lái liǎngtiān
gòu bu gou?

(Would yǒu say it would
be enough to come for
two days?)

2. Nǐ shuō qù liǎngtiān gòu bu gou?

3. Nǐ shuō xué liǎngniánde Zhōngwén
gòu bu gou?

4. Nǐ shuō zhù sānge yuè gòu bu
gou?

You： Lái liǎngtiān gòu le.

(it would be enough to come
for two days.)

Qù liǎngtiān gòu le.

Xué liǎngniánde Zhōngwén gòu le.

Zhù sānge yuè gòu le.

5. Nǐ shuō niàn jiūge xīngqī gòu
hu gou?

6. Nǐ shuō dào nèr qù wánr shítiSn
gòu bu gou?

7. Nǐ shuō zǒu yíge zhōngtǒu gòu
bu gou?

Niàn Jiǔge xīngqī gòu le.

Wánr shítiān gòu le.

Zǒu yíge zhōngtǒu gòu le.

K. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi
zhèr.

(cue) Xiàwǔ you
jītàng chē?

(I hope to leave here
in the afternoon.)

2. Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkái zhèr.
Xiàwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?

3. Wǒ xīwang wǎnshang líkāi zhèr.
Wǎnshang yǒu jītàng chē?

h. Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīsān líkāi zhèr.
Xīngqīsān yǒu jītàng chē?

5. Wǒ xīwang míngtiān líkāi zhèr.
Míngtiān yǒu Jītàng chē?

6. Wǒ xīwang Jīntiān shàngwǔ líkāi
zhèr. Shàngwǔ yǒu meiyou
chē?

7. Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīwǔ líkāi zhèr.
Xīngqīwǔ yǒu Jītàng chē?

You: Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr.
Xiàwǔ yǒu Jītàng chē?

(I hope to leave here in the
afternoon. How many trains
are there in the afternoon?)

Wǒ xīwang xiàwǔ líkāi zhèr. Xiàwǔ
yǒu meiyou chē?

Wǒ xīwang wǎnshang líkāi zhèr.
Wǎnshang yǒu Jītàng chē?

Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīsān líkāi zhèr.
Xīngqīsān yǒu Jītàng chē?

Wǒ xīwang míngtiān líkāi zhèr.
Míngtiān yǒu Jītàng chē?

Wǒ xīwang Jīntiān shàngwǔ líkāi zhèr.
Shàngwǔ yǒu meiyou chē?

Wǒ xīwang Xīngqīwǔ líkāi zhèr.
Xīngqīwǔ yǒu jītàng chē?

UNIT 6

REFERENCE LIST

(in Běijīng)

1, A: Jidiǎn zhong kāi?

B: Shíbādiǎn wǔshiwǔfēn fā chē.

A: Nà hǎo.

2. B: Qǐng ni bǎ nīde hùzhào he
lǚxíngzhèng gěi wo.

A: Hǎo, gěi ni.

3. A: Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài
dìjī zhàntǎi?

B: Zài dìyī zhàntǎi.

4. B: Bú yòng jí. Hǎi zǎo ne.

B: Nǐ xiān zài zhèige Jiēdàishì
xiūxìxiuxi.

5 • A:

Wo zhèijiàn xíngli zěnme
bàn? Shi bu shi kěyi
nǎshang chē qu?

B: Kěyi bǎ xíngli nǎshang chē

qu.

6. A: Zhèibān chē yǒu cānchē ba?

B: You. You Zhōngcān, yě you
Xīcan.

A: Hǎojíle.

7. C: Xià yízhàn jiù shi Shànghǎi
le.

C: Kuài yào dào zhàn le.

C: Nín zhùnbèi xià chē ba.

What time does it leave?

It departs at 1855.

That’s fine.

Please give me your passport and
travel permit.

Okay, here it is.

On which platform is the train to
Shànghǎi?

It's on Platform Number 1.

No need to be anxious. It’s still
early.

First, rest a bit in this waiting
room.

What should I do about this
suitcase of mine? May I take it
onto the train?

You may take the suitcase onto the
train.

This train has a dining car, I
suppose?

Yes. There's Chinese food and
there’s also Western food.

Great.

The next station is Shànghǎi.

We are about to arrive at the
station.

Please get ready to get off the
train.

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

8. ban  to move
9. náshangqu náshanglai náxiaqu náxialai    to take up  to bring up to take down to bring down
10. pǎo to run
11. wan to be late
12. yuètái  train platform (alternate word for zhàntái. more ccrnmon in Taiwan)

VOCABULARY

ban bàn to move (e.g., furniture) (new house) to handle, to manage, to do
cānchē  dining car
fā chē  to depart (from the first terminal of a train route)
hǎojíle he hùzhào   to be wonderful, to be great and  passport
Jí  jiēdàishì (jiēdàishī)  -jíle    to be anxious waiting room extremely, awfully
kāi kuài    to leave soon
lǚxíngzhèng travel permit
nā náshanglai náshangqu níxialai naxiaqu    to pick up, to hold, to take to bring up  to take up  to bring down  to take down
pǎo to run
wan to be late

Xīcān   Western food

xiūxi   to rest, to relax

yào
yuètái

zǎo
zhàntai
Zhōngcān
zhǔnbèi

will, going to
train platform

to be early
train platform
Chinese food
to prepare, to get ready

(introduced on C-2 tape)
bang
bú yào
láilai wǎngwǎng
qídianzhàn

shūfu

to help

don’t

coming and going

station where a train originates

(literally, “starting station")

to be comfortable

Train from GuMngzhōu at the entrance to China

REFERENCE NOTES

1. A: Jīdiǎn zhōng kāi? What time does it leave?

B: Shíhādiǎn wǔshiwǔfēn fā chē. It departs at 1855.

A: Nà hǎo.  That’s fine.

Note on No. 1

Kāi and fā chē: When referring to trains, the verb kāi, “to start,”
means “to start off” or “to leave.” The technical term fā chē, “to send
out the train,” is used in reference to a train which is departing from
the terminal at the beginning of a trip, or line.

2. B: Qǐng ni bǎ nīde hùzhào he
lùxíngzhèng gěi wo.

A: Hǎo, gěi ni.

Please give me your passport and
travel permit.

Okay, here it is.

Notes on No. 2

He, “and,” is a common alternate to gēn. Both he and gēn are used as
“and” between nouns.

Bǎ nīde hùzhào...: The prepositional verb bǎ points out the direct
objects (passport and travel permit) and brings those objects to the
beginning of the sentence, preceding the main verb. Without this con-
struction, a “traffic jam” of sentence elements would follow that verb.

3. A: Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài
dìjī zhàntǎi?

B: Zài dìyī zhàntǎi.

On which platform is the train
to Shànghǎi?

It’s on Platform Number 1.

4. B: Bú yòng jí. Hái zao ne.

B: Ni xiān zài zhèige jiēdàishì
xiūxixiuxi.

No need to be anxious. It's still
early.

First, rest a bit in this -waiting
room.

Notes on No. U

In exchange 4, the aspect marker ne emphasizes that there has been no
change in the situation.

Tā zài zhèr ne. He is here.

When the adverb hái, “still,” “yet,” is used, the sentence very often
ends with the marker ne.

Míngtiān wǒ hái bù zou ne. I am not leaving tomorrow (yet),
(i.e., I will still be here
tomorrow.)

Verb reduplication: In Unit 3 of the Money Module, yǒu learned that
reduplication is one way to indicate ASPECT, although markers are more
common. INDEFINITENESS is the aspect expressed when an action verb is
reduplicated. The speaker does not commit himself to the duration or
extent of the action.

In the last sentence of No. the speaker asks the listener to “rest
a bit.” Instead of using additional words to indicate a short duration,
the speaker reduplicates the verb, xiūxi, expressing some duration, but
of no particular limit.

To reduplicate a two-syllable verb, simply repeat the whole verb. The
repetition is unstressed, or even toneless: xiūxixiuxi

Xiān: Since this use of “first” is not followed by an explicit
“afterwards,” xiān might also be translated as “for the time being”
or “right now.”

Wǒ xiān zou le, nǐmen mànmānr Right now I’m going to excuse
chī ba. myself; yǒu take your time

eating.

Nǐ xiān bié jí, mànmānr zhǎo. For the time being, don’t be
anxious; take your time looking
for it.

5. A: Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli zenme ban?
Shi bu shi kéyi náshang
chē qu?

B: Kéyi bǎ xíngli náshang
chē qu.

What do I do about this suitcase
of mine? May I take it onto
the train?

You may take the suitcase onto
the train.

Notes on No. 5

Zenme bàn means something like “how should Csomething] be managed” or
“what should be done Cabout something].”

, Náshang chē qu, “take onto the train,” is a COMPOUND VERB OF DIRECTION
which has been separated by a noun object. Ná is the verb “to pick up,”
“to hold,” “to take,” “to bring.” The directional endings -shàng, “up,”
“onto,"* and qù, “to go,” tell yǒu that the action takes place up and
away from the speaker.

ná  shang   qu
(hold   up/onto away)

take up/onto”

Compound verbs of direction are easily formed, as shown in the chart below.
The first column contains action verbs yǒu have learned which may be used.
The endings in the middle column are relatively few. For the second part
of the directional ending, only lái and qù may be used.

ACTION  Plus    BISECTION
ná (to carry)   -shàng  (up)    lái (towards)
zǒu (to walk/go) ban (to move) pǎo (to run) kāi (to drive) (AND OTHERS) -xià -chū -J in -huí    (down)  qù  (away)  (out)  (in)  (back)

Compound verbs of direction may be two or three syllables: chūqu, “to go
out"; zǒuchuqu, “to walk out”

*You have seen shàng
shàng 16u
shàng chē
shàngbianr
shàngge yuè
zài chēshang
náshangqu

used as several different parts of speech:

to go up (FULL verb)

to get on

upper, above (IN PLACE WORDS)

last, previously (SPECIFIER)

on (LOCATIONAL ENDING Cwith nouns!)

up, onto (DIRECTIONAL ENDING Cwith verbs!)

It is possible to split up a two-part directional ending by placing an
object or location before the final lái or qù.

náshang chē qu  take onto the train/bus

náchu yìběn shū lai bring out a book

xià lóu qu  go downstairs

A direct object (such as nèiběn shū) may be placed EITHER at the beginning
of a sentence, using bǎ, OR later in the sentence, splitting up the direc-
tional ending. Locations which are the goal of the action (such as chē
and lou above) MUST be placed between the two parts of the directional
ending.

Bǎ xíngli náshang chē qu: In the last sentence of exchange 5, the
direct object, xíngli, is placed before the verb. The location of the
action, chē, is placed before the final qu. When both a location and
a direct object occur in a sentence with a multisyllabic directional
verb, the location is placed between the two syllables of the directional
ending, and the direct object is moved closer to the beginning of the
sentence.

6. A: Zhèibān chē yǒu cānchē ba?

B: lou. You Zhōngcān, yě you
Xīcān.

A: Haojíle.

This train has a dining car, I
suppose?

Yes. There’s Chinese food and
there’s also Western food.

Great.

Note on No. 6

The ending -jíle, meaning “extremely,” “awfully,” may be added to
adjectival verbs.

Nèige píngguo dàjíle.   That apple is huge.

ZuB huǒchē fāngbianjíle.    Riding the train is extremely

convenient.

Tā zǒude kuàijíle.  He walks awfully fast.

-jíle is seldom used in Taiwan.

7. C: Xià yízhàn Jiù shi
Shànghǎi le.

C: Kuài yào dào zhàn le.

C: Nín zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.

The next station is Shànghǎi.

We are about to arrive at the
station.

Please get ready to get off the
train.

Notes on No. 7

Kuài means “soon” in the second sentence of exchange 7> You have
already learned another meaning for kuài: “to be fast”

In the sentence Kuài yào dào zhàn le, yào is an auxiliary verb meaning
’’will” or “to be going to.” Other meanings yǒu have learned for yào are
“to want,” “to need,” “to have to,” “to require.”

New-sitnation le: The aspect marker le for new situations occurs in
the first two sentences of No. 7- In Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Shànghǎi le, the
speaker uses le to communicate a change in the circumstances: after
passing through many stations, Shànghǎi will finally be the next station.

When a speaker uses le, he is saying that something has changed in
reference to him or in reference to the listener. In the first sentence
in No. 7, Shànghǎi itself has not changed, but what constitutes the “next
station” for the speaker and the listener has changed.

In Kuài yào dào zhàn le, new-situation le marks a change which is about to
take place—their arrival. Here are examples of references to future
changes:

Tā míngnián Jiù shísuì le. He will be ten (years old) next year.

Wǒ zǒu le.  I’m leaving now. (I’ll be leaving

now.)

Piào kuài yào màiwán le. The tickets will soon be sold out.

Many speakers of English have trouble with new-situation le because they
would not think of using it when the Chinese do. Take note of situations
which the Chinese consider to be changes, and try to use new-situation le
in your speech.

DRILLS

A. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  (cue) huǒchē  (What time does it leave?)  2.    JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  gōnglùjúde chě  3.   JīdiSn zhōng kai? gōnggSng qìchē  4. JīdiSn zhōng kāi? zhídáchē  5. JīdiSn zhōng kāi? tèkuài  6.    JīdiSn zhōng kāi mén?  yínháng  7. JīdiSn zhōng kāi men? yōuzhèngjú  B.    Response Drill  1. Speaker: Zuò sìdiSn zhōngde chē, láidejí ma?  (cue) no  (Can we make the four o’clock train?)  OR   Zuò sìdiSn zhōngde chē,  laidejí ma?  (cue) yes  (Can we make the four o’clock train?)  2. Zuò JiǔdiSn èrshifēnde chē, láidejí ma? no  3. Zuò shídiSn wǔshifēnde chē, láidejí ma? yes You? Nèibān huǒchē JīdiSn zhōng kāi? (What time does that train leave?)  Nèibān gōnglùjúde chē JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  Nèibān gōnggòng qìchē JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  Nèibān zhídáchē JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  Nèibān tèkuài JīdiSn zhōng kāi?  Nèige yínháng JīdiSn zhōng kāi men?  Nèige yōuzhèngjú JīdiSn zhōng kāi men?  You? Láibují, yǐjīng wSn le.  (We can’t make it; we are already late.)  Láidejf, hái zǎo ne.  (Don’t worry. It’s still early.)  Láibují, yǐjīng wSn le.  Lāidejí, hái zǎo ne.

TRN, Unit 6

4. Zuò qīdiǎn wushifēnde chē, láidejí ma? no  5.    Zuò sìdiǎn língwufēnde chē, láidejí ma? yes  6. Zuò liǎngdiǎn língbāfēnde chē, láidejí ma?  no  C. Expansion Drill  1. Speaker: Zài dìjl zhàntái? (cue) Shànghǎi  (On which platform is it?)  2.   Zài dìsān zhàntái.  Nánjīng  3. Zài dìjl zhàntái?   Guǎngzhōu  4.   Zài dìSr    zhàntái.    TianJIn  5. Zài dìjl    zhàntái?    Qīngdǎo  6. Zài dìyī    zhàntái.    Hángzhōu  7.    Zài dìjl    zhàntái?    Běijīng  D. Substitution Drill  1. Speaker: Duìbuqǐ, wō dēi zài zhèr xiūxixiuxi. (cue) zhèige dìfang  (Excuse me, I must rest here a moment.)   Láibují, yǐjīng wan le.  Láidejí, hái zǎo ne.  Láibují, yǐjīng wan le.  You: Dào Shànghǎi qùde chē zài dìjl zhàntái?  (On which platform is the train to Shànghǎi?)  Dào Nánjīng qùde chē zài dìsān zhàntái.  Dào GuSngzhōu qùde chē zài dìjl zhàntái?  Dào Tianjin qùde chē zài dìèr zhàntái.  Dào Qīngdǎo qùde chē zài dìjl zhàntái?  Dào Hángzhōu qùde chē zài dìyī zhàntái.  Dào Běijīng qùde chē zài dìjl zhàntái?  You: Duìbuqǐ, wǒ děi zài zhèige dìfang xiūxixiuxi.  (Excuse me, I must rest at this place a moment.)

2. Duibuqi, wo děi zài zhèige
dìfang xiūxixiuxi. jiāli

3. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài jiāli xiūxi-
xiuxi. fàndiànli

4. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài fàndiànli
xiūxixiuxi. chēli

5. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài chēli xiūxi-
xiuxi . j iēdàishi

6. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài Jiēdàishì
xiūxixiuxi. zhèr

7. Duibuqi, wǒ děi zài zhèr xiūxi-
xiuxi.

Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiaxi.  zài jiāli xiūxi-
Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiūxixiuxi. zài fàndiànli
Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiuxi.  zài chēli xiūxi-
Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiūxixiuxi. zài jiēdàishì
Duibuqi, wǒ děi xiuxi.  zài zhèr xiuxi-

E. Expansion Drill

Repeat the speaker’s statements and add Zěme ban? or Zěme zǒu? as

appropriate.

1. Speaker： Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli hái
zài zhèr.

(This suitcase of mine
is still here.)

OR Tā yào dào nàr qù.

(He wants to go there.)

2. Wo zhèixiē dōngxi hái zài zhèr.

3. Tǎ yào dào Wangfǔjlng Dàjiē qù.

4. Wǒ nèixiē xíngli hái zài
chēshang.

5. Tā yào dào Shànghǎi qù.

6. Wǒ zhèixiē zázhì hái měi màiwán.

You： Wǒ zhèijiàn xíngli hái zài
zhèr. Zěnme bàn?

(This suitcase of mine is still
here. What should I do about
it?)

Tā yào dào nàr qù. Zěnme zǒu?

(He wants to go there. How
do I get there Cgol?)

Wo zhèixiē dōngxi hái zài zhèr.

Zěnme bàn?

Tā yào dào Wángfùjīng Dàjiē qù.

Zěnme zǒu?

Wǒ nèixiē xíngli hái zài chēshang.
Zěme bàn?

Tā yào dào Shànghǎi qù. Zěnme zǒu?

Wǒ zhèixiē zázhì hái měi màiwán.

Zěme bàn?

F. Response Drill

1. Speaker: Tāmen yǒu Zhōngcān
háishi Xīcān?
(cue) yě

(Do they have Chinese
food or Western food?)

OR Tāmen yào zhèige háishi
nèige?

(cue) dōu

(Do they want this or
that?)

You: Tāmen yǒu Zhōngcǎn, yě you
Xīcān.

(They have Chinese food and
they also have Western food.)

Zhèige, nèige, tāmen dōu yào.

(They want both this and that.)

2. Nīmen mǎi zhuōzi háishi yīzi?
yě

3. Nīmen mǎi pánzi háishi van?
dōu

4. Tāmen mǎi zhèige hongde háishi
nèige lánde? dōu

5. Tāmen kàn zhèixiē zázhì háishi
nèixiē bào? ye

6. Nǐ niàn JīngJixué háishi
zhèngzhixué? yǎ

Wǒmen mǎi zhuōzi, yě mǎi yīzi.

Pánzi, wan, wōmen dōu mǎi.

Hōngde, lánde, tāmen dōu mǎi.

Tāmen kàn zhèixiē zázhì, yě kàn
nèixiē bào.

Wō niàn JīngJixué, yě niàn
zhèngzhixué.

G. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Kuài yào dào zhàn le.

(We are about to arrive
at the station.)

You: Kuài yào dào zhàn le. Wǒmen
zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.

(We are about to arrive at the
station. Let’s get ready
to get off.)

2. Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Běijīng le.

3. Kuài yào dào Tiānjīn le.

4. Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Nánjīng le.

Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Běijīng le.
Wǒmen zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.

Kuài yào dào Tiānjīn le. Wǒmen
zhunbèi xià chē ba.

Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Nánjīng le.
Wǒmen zhǔnbèi xià chē ba.

5. Kuài yào dào Hángzhōu le.

6. Xià yízhàn jiù shi Shànghǎi le.

7. Kuài yào dào Guǎngzhōu le.

Kuài yào dào Hángzhōu le. Women
zhùnbèi xià chē ba.

Xià yízhàn Jiù shi Shànghǎi le.
Women zhùnbèi xià chē ba.

Kuài yào dào Guǎngzhōu le. Women
zhùnbèi xià chē ba.

H. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker:     Tā kéyi náshànglái ma?  (cue) chē  (Can he bring it?)
2. Tā   kéyi    náxiàlái ma?    lǒu
3. Tā   kéyi    náshàngqù ma?   huochē
4. Tā   kéyi náshànglái ma?     lǒu
5. Tā   kéyi    náxiàqù ma? chē
6. Tā   kéyi    náxiàlái ma?    huǒchē
7. Tā   kéyi    náshàngqù ma?   lǒu

You: Tā kéyi náshàng chē lái ma?

(Can he bring it in the car?)

Tā kéyi náxià lǒu lái ma?

Tā kéyi náshàng huǒchē qù ma?

Tā kéyi náshàng lǒu lái ma?

Tā kéyi náxià chē qù ma?

Tā kéyi náxià huǒchē lái ma?

Tā kéyi náshàng lǒu qù ma?

UNIT 1

REFERENCE LIST

(in Běijīng)

1. A: Lao SBng, zěnmeyàng?
Mang ne?

B:  Bù zenme màng.

Ni yǒu shi ma?

2. A: Wo SÌyue Shísìhào yào dào
Guǎngzhōu qù. Qǐng ni
gěi wo ding yìzhāng fēijī
piào.

B:  Hǎo

3. B: Piào dìnghǎo le.

A:  Neibān fēijī?
Jīdiǎn zhong qīfēi?

B:  Jiǔdiǎn shiwǔfēn qīfēi.

k. A: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi
Guǎngzhōu ma?

B:  Shi, zhí fēi Guǎngzhōu.

5. A: Cǒng Sǎnlītǔn dào fēijīchǎng
yào duōshao shíjiān?

B:  Yào sìshifēn zhōng.

6. A: Rǔguo wǒ bādiǎn zhōng líkāi
Jiā, láidejí ba?

B:  Lāidejí.

7. A: Qǐng ni míngtiān zǎoshang
pài ge chē lāi jiē wo.

B:  Hǎo. Wo míngtiān bādiǎn
zhōng pài chē song ni dào
fēijīchǎng qu.

Sōng, how are things going?

Are yǒu busy?

Not especially busy.

Can I do something for you?

I’m going to Guǎngzhōu on April 14.
Please reserve a plane ticket for
me.

Sure.

The ticket has been reserved.

Which flight? What time does it
take off?

It takes off at 9:15.

Does this flight go directly to
Guǎngzhōu?

Yes, it flies directly to Guǎngzhōu.

How much time does it take to go
from Sānlǐtún to the airport?

It takes forty minutes.

If I leave home at eight o’clock,
I can make it in time. Right?

Yes.

Please send a car to pick me up
tomorrow morning.

Okay. I’ll send a car at eight
o’clock tomorrow to take yǒu to
the airport.

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

8.  -hSo le

9. lǚguǎn

10. shuōhao le

11. xianghǎo le

12. yàoshi

13. zu&hXo le

to be satisfactorily completed

hotel

to have come to an agreement (about
something); (something) has been
agreed on

to have reached a conclusion (about
something); (something) has been
thought out

if (alternate word for rúguo)

to have finished doing (something);
(something) has been finished

VOCABULARY

bù zěnme    not especially, not particularly
ding dìnghǎo le to reserve  to have (been) reserved
fēi fēijī fēijīchǎng    to fly airplane airport
GuSngzhōu   (name of a city in the PRC—Canton)
-hao le to be satisfactorily completed
Jiē to meet/pick up/get (someone)
lǎo lǚguǎn  to be old in years hotel
máng    to be busy
pài to send/assign (a person to do something)
qlfēi   to take off (airplane)
rúguǒ (ruguo)   if
Sānlltún    (a district in Běijīng where many Foreign diplomats and Chinése people from other countries live)
shuohao le  to have come to an agreement (about something); (something) has been agreed on
xiǎnghǎo le to have reached a conclusion (about something); (something) has been thought out
yàoshi  if
zhí  zuòhǎo le  directly  to have finished doing (something);  (something) has been finished

(introduced on C-2 tape)

chū chāi

chùzhǎng

gǎnbushàng

hái hǎo

kāi huì

to go on a business trip
division chief

won’t be able to catch (a plane,
train, etc.)

fairly good/well

to attend a meeting/conference

Shànghǎi-made jeep and other vehicles in a parking lot outside the train
station in Guǎngzhōu

REFERENCE NOTES

1. A: Lǎo Song, zěnmeyàng? Mang
ne?

B: Bù zěnme máng. Nǐ yǒu shi
ma?

Song, how are things going? Are
you busy?

Not especially busy. Can I do
something for you?

Notes on No. 1

The greeting zěnmeyàng is more informal than nī hǎo a. Zěnmeyàng is
used only if the two people already know each other.

Mang ne? and Mang ma? are translated into English as “Are yǒu busy?”
However, the two Chinese questions are not interchangeable. When a
speaker asks the question Mang ma? he really wants to find out whether
someone is busy. On the other hand, Mang ne? is an example of the Chinese
custom of greeting a person by stating the obvious. The speaker is simply
acknowledging the fact that the listener is busy. The question mark
following Mang ne? shows that the speaker is inviting the listener to
comment. You might think of Máng ne? as something like the English “Well,
it looks like yǒu are working hard,” which invites a response like “Sure
am” or “Oh, I’m really not doing much of anything.”

Ne may be used in many sentences to comment on what the person being
addressed is doing at the moment:

Chī fàn ne? Having dinner, I see?

Zài zhèr ne?    Well, you’re here?

Mǎi dōngxi ne?  Doing some shopping, eh?

These sentences are almost greetings in themselves.

The overall intonation of the question Mang ma? is higher than that of a
statement. The intonation of Mang ne? is somewhat lower. Listen carefully
to the tape.

Bù zěnme may precede a state verb,
“not especially,” “not particularly.”

Wǒ bù zěnme xīhuan nèiběn shū.

Wǒ bù zěnme qīngchu.

Wǒ Jīntiān bù zěnme hǎo.

Tā bù zěnme yǒu qián.

Wǒ bù zěnme xiǎng qù.

Contrast bù zěnme with bú zenme, “not

The expression would then mean

I don’t particularly like that book.
I’m not particularly clear on this.

(This isn’t very clear to me.)
I’m not particularly well today.
He's not especially rich.

I don't especially want to go.
as much as that":

Wǒ bú zenme xīhuan kàn diàn- I don't like to go to the movies that
yīngr.  much, (i.e., as much as someone

else Just mentioned)

Wǒ “bù zěnme xīhuan kàn diàn-
yīngr.

I don’t particularly like to go
to the movies.

2. A: Wǒ Sìyue Shísìhào yào dào
Guǎngzhōu qù. Qǐng ni
gěi wo ding yìzhāng fēijī
piào.

B: Hǎo.

I’m going to Guǎngzhōu on April 14.
Please reserve a plane ticket for
me.

Sure.

3. B: Piào dìnghǎo le.

A:  Něibān fēijī? Jīdiǎn zhōng
qīfēi?

B:  Jiǔdiǎn shíwǔfēn qīfēi.

The ticket has been reserved.

Which flight? What time does it
take off?

It takes off at 9:15.

Note on No. 3

Dìnghǎo is a compound verb of result. When used as the final element
in a compound verb of result, hǎo indicates that the action described by
the initial verb has been brought to a successful conclusion.

The same form of the verb, dìnghǎo, is used to describe an object having
something done to it and a person doing something to an object.

Piào dìnghǎo le.    The ticket has been reserved.

Wo bǎ piào dìnghǎo le. I have reserved the ticket.

Here are additional examples of compounds with the result-ending -hǎo:

Women yǐjīng shuōhǎo le. We have already come to an agree-
ment about it. (We have already
talked it out to a conclusion.)

Nǐ xiǎnghǎo le meiyou? Have yǒu reached a conclusion yet?
(Have yǒu thought it out to a
conclusion yet?)

Wǒ yǐjīng bǎ jīntiān I have already finished making the
wǎnshàng yào chide  things we are going to eat tonight,

dōngxi zuòhǎo le.

Nīde xíngli zhǔnbèihǎo Is your luggage ready?
le ma?

4. A: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi
Guǎngzhōu ma?

B: Shi, zhí fēi GuSngzhōu.

Does this flight go directly to
GuSngzhōu?

Yes, it flies directly to GuSngzhōu.

Notes on No. U

Zhèibān fēijī, “this flight”: In Chinese, the specifier zhèi- is used
to refer to what has Just been talked about. In English, “that** and “the”
are used for the same purpose.

The adverb zhí is not used in as many situations as is its English
translation, “directly,” “straight.” In other contexts, the word for
“directly” or “direct” would be zhíjiē, and the word for “straight”
would be yìzhí.

5. A: Cong Sānlǐtún dào fēijīchSng How much time does it take to go
yào duōshao shíjiān?    from Sānlǐtún to the airport?

B: Yào sìshifēn zhōng.  It takes forty minutes.

6. A: Rúguo wo bādiSn zhōng líkāi
Jiā, láidejí ba?

B: Lāidejí.

If I leave home at eight o’clock, I
can make it in time. Right?

Yes.

Note on No. 6

Rúguo is one of the commonest words in Chinese for “if.” Another
widely used word for “if” is yàoshi. (See Additional Required Vocabulary,
No. 12.) You have already learned that the idea of “if” may be conveyed
in Chinese without any special word:

Zuò Gōnglùjú děi xiān mil If I take the bus, is it necessary
piào ma?    to buy tickets ahead of time?

BādiSn zhōng líkāi Jiā  If I leave home at eight o’clock,

láidejí ba? I can make it in time. Right?

7. A: Qǐng ni míngtiān zǎoshang
pài ge chē lai jiē wo.

B: Hǎo. Wǒ míngtiān bādiǎn
zhōng pài chē sǒng ni
dào fēijīchǎng qu.

Please send a car to pick me up
tomorrow morning.

Okay. I’ll send a car at eight
o’clock tomorrow to take you
to the airport.

Notes on No. 7

The verb pài means “to send/assign someone Cto do something].

Ge: You have already learned that, when toneless, yíge means “a,” not
“one.” In the first sentence of exchange 7, yǒu see that yíge can be
reduced to the one syllable ge. This reduction happens most frequently
when “a” follows the sentence verb.

zhǎo ge ren to look for someone (i.e. , a person)

chī ge píngguǒ  to eat an apple

The verb jiē means “to meet,” as in “meeting someone at the station,”
or “to get,” “to pick up,” as in “I'll come by to get yǒu (pick yǒu up)
about eight o’clock.”

Pài ge chē lái jiē wo, literally “send a car to come pick me up":
In English, “come” may be omitted. In Chinese, lai must separate the
action (pài ge chē) from the purpose of the action (jiē wo)♦ Either
lái or qù may be used to mark purpose expressions, depending on the
direction of the action.

The verb song means “to take/escort someone” in the last sentence of
exchange 7. Song may also mean “to send” in the sense of “delivering an
object,” in contrast with the verb pài, which means “to send a person.”

Qīng pài ge ren dào wǒ Jiā Please send a man over to my house,
lái.

Qīng bǎ zhuōzi song dao wǒ Please deliver the table to my house,
jiā qù.

8.  -hǎo le to be satisfactorily completed
9. lǚguǎn  hotel
10. shuōhǎo le  to have come to an agreement (about something); (something) has been agreed on
11. xiǎnghǎo le to have reached a conclusion (about something); (something) has been thought out
12. yàoshi  if (alternate word for rúguǒ)
13. zuèhǎo le   to have finished doing (something);

(something) has “been finished

Note on Additional Required Vocabulary

Luguǎn is the general term for any kind of hotel. When following a
verb or the prepositional verb zài, lǚguǎn may be followed by the locational
ending -li, “in,” or there may be no locative ending. This is also the case
with other place words naming institutions, business establishments, and
organizations.

Tā zài zhèige lǚguǎnli (OR He stayed in this hotel for two
zài zhèige lǚguǎn) zhùle months,
liǎngge yuè.

VOCABULARY BOOSTER

Animals

hear    xióng
camel   luòtuo
cat māo
chicken Ji'
cow niú
deer    lù
dog gǒu
donkey- lu
duck    ya
elephant    xiàng
fish    yú
fox húli
goat    shānyáng
horse   ma
lion    shīzi
monkey  houzi
mouse/rat   lǎoshu
panda   xiángmǎo
pig zhū
sheep   yang
tiger   lǎohǔ
turkey  huǒjī
wolf    lang

DRILLS

A. Transformation Drill

1. Speaker: Qǐng ni gěi wo mǎi
yìzhang chuán piSo.

(Please buy one boat
ticket for me.)

2. Qǐng ni gěi Ma Xiānsheng mǎi
liǎngzhāng huǒchē piào.

3. Qǐng ni gěi Mao Tàitai mǎi
yìzhāng gōnglùjúde chēpiào.

4. Qǐng ni gěi LÍnXiǎojiě mai
sānzhāng zhídáchēde chēpiào.

5. Qǐng ni gěi Liu Ntìshì mǎi
sānzhāng tèkuàichēde chēpiào.

6. Qǐng ni gěi Zhōu Xiānsheng mǎi
liǎngzhāng fēijī piào.

7. Qǐng ni gěi Zhào Tàitai mǎi
liǎngzhāng chuán piào.

You: Qǐng ni gěi wo dìng yìzhāng
chuán piào.

(Please reserve one boat ticket
for me.)

Qǐng ni gěi Mǎ Xiānsheng dìng
liǎngzhāng huǒchē piào.

Qǐng ni gěi Mao Tàitai dìng yìzhāng
gōnglùjúde chēpiào.

Qǐng ni gěi Lin Xiǎojiě dìng
sānzhāng zhídáchēde chēpiào.

Qǐng ni gěi Liu Nushì dìng sānzhāng
tèkuàichēde chēpiào.

Qǐng ni gěi Zhōu Xiānsheng dìng
liǎngzhāng fēijī piào.

Qǐng ni gěi Zhào Tàitai dìng
liǎngzhāng chuán piào.

B.  Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Wǒ yào dào Guǎngzhōu qù.
(cue) huǒchē piào

(I want to go to
Guǎngzhōu.)

2. Wǒ yào dào Běijīng qù.
fēijī piào

3. Wǒ yào dào Nánjīng qù.
tèkuàichēde piào

4. Wǒ yào dào Qīngdǎo qù.
chuán piào

5. Wǒ yào dào Tiānjīn qù.
qìchē piào

You: Wǒ yào dào Guǎngzhōu qù, kéyi
bu keyi dìng yìzhāng huochē
piào?

(I want to go to Guǎngzhōu.

May I reserve a train ticket?)

Wǒ yào dào Běijīng qù, kéyi bu keyi
dìng yìzhāng fēijī piào?

Wo yào dào Nánjīng qù, kéyi bu keyi
dìng yìzhāng tèkuàichēde piào?

Wǒ yào dào Qīngdǎo qù, kéyi bu keyi
dìng yìzhāng chuán piào?

Wǒ yào dào Tiānjīn qù, kéyi bu keyi
dìng yìzhāng qìchē piào?

Ill

6. Wo yào dào Hángzhōu qù.
fēijī piào

7. Wǒ yào dào Suzhou qù.
zhídáchēde piào

W8 yào dào Hángzhōu qù, kéyi bu keyi
ding yìzhāng fēijī piào?

Wo yào dào Suzhou qù, kéyi bu keyi
ding yìzhāng zhídāchēde piào?

C. Response Drill

1. Speaker: Zuòhǎo le ma?   You: Méi zuòhǎo ne.

(cue) no    (I haven’t finished doing it.)

(Have yǒu finished

doing it?)
2. ShuōhSo le ma?   yes ShuōhSo le.
3. XiSnghSo le ma?  soon    Kuài XiSnghSo le.
4. DÌnghSo le ma?   not yet Hái méi dìnghSo ne.
5. ShuōhSo le ma?   no  Méi ShuōhSo ne.
6. Zuohǎo le ma?    soon    Kuài zuòhǎo le.
7. XiSnghSo le ma?  not yet Hái méi xiSnghǎo ne

D.  Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Neibān fēijī?

(Which flight?)

OR Neibān huǒchē?
(Which train?)

2. Nēibān qìchē?

3. Neibān fēijī?

You: Nēibān fēijī? JīdiSn zhōng
qīfēi?

(Which flight? What time does
it take off?)

Neibān huǒchē? JīdiSn zhōng
kāi?

(Which train? What time does
it leave?)

Neibān qìchē? JīdiSn zhōng kāi?

Neibān fēijī? JīdiSn zhōng qīfēi?

4. Něibān zhídáchē?

5. Něibān tèkuàichē?

6. Něibān fēijī?

Něibān zhídáchē? Jīdiǎn zhōng kāi?

Něibān tèkuàichē? Jīdiǎn zhong
kāi?

Něibān fēijī? Jídian zhōng qīfēi?

E.  Substitution Drill

1. Speaker: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi
Guǎngzhōu ma?
(cue) Nánjīng
(Does this flight go

directly to Guǎngzhōu?)

You: Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Nánjīng
ma?

(Does this flight go directly
to Nánjīng?)

2. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi        Nǎn j īng   Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Shànghǎi ma?
ma? Shànghǎi
3. Zhèibān ma?  fēijī zhí fēi Běijīng   Shànghǎi    Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Běijīng ma?
4. Zhèibān ma?  fēijī zhí fēi Wǔhàn Běijīng Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Wǔhàn ma?
5. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Sūzhōu     Wuhàn ma?   Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Sūzhōu ma?
6. Zhèibān  fēijī zhí fēi   Sūzhōu ma?  Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Qīngdǎo ma?

Qīngdǎo

7. Zhèibān fēijī zhí fēi Qīngdǎo ma?

F.  Transformation Drill

1. Speaker: Cong Sānlltún dào
huǒchēzhàn yào
duōshao shíjiān?
(cue) duōshaofēn
zhōng

(How much time does it
take to go frcm
Sānlǐtún to the train
station?)

2. Cōng Dōngdān dào Wǎngfǔjing
Dàjiē yào duōshao shijian?
duōshao shíhou

3. Cong Chǎngān Jiē dào Rìtánlù
yào duōshao shíjiān?
jlfēn zhōng

4. CŌng Běijīng dào Guǎngzhōu yào
duōshao shíjiān? jltiān

5. Cong Nánjīng dào Shànghǎi yào
duōshao shíjiān?
duōshao xiǎoshí

6. Cōng Hǎngzhōu dào Guǎngzhōu yào
duōshao shíjiān?
duōshao xiǎoshí

7. Cōng Guānghuǎlù dào huǒchēzhàn
yào duōshao shíjiān?
duōshaofēn zhōng

You: Cōng Sānlǐtún dào huǒchēzhàn
yào duōshaofēn zhōng?

(How many minutes from
Sānlǐtún to the train
station?)

CŌng Dōngdān dào Wǎngfǔjing Dàjiē
yào duōshao shíhou?

Cōng Chǎngān Jiē dào Rìtǎnlù yào
jifēn zhōng?

Cōng Běijīng dào Guǎngzhōu yào
Jitiān?

Cōng Nánjīng dào Shànghǎi yào
duōshao xiǎoshí?

Cōng Hǎngzhōu dào Guǎngzhōu yào
duōshao xiǎoshí?

Cōng Guānghuǎlù dào huōchězhàn yào
duōshaofēn zhōng?

G. Transformation Drill

1. Speaker: Rúguō wō bādiǎn zhōng
líkāi jiā, laidejí
ma?

(if I leave home at
eight o’clock, can I
make it?)

2,  Rúguō wō shídiǎn zhōng líkāi
xuǎxiào, láidejí ma?

You: Rúguō wō bādiǎn zhōng líkāi
Jiā, shǎnme shíhou dào?
(If I leave home at eight
o’clock, what time will I
arrive?)

Rúguō wō shídiǎn zhōng líkāi xuexiào
shěnme shíhou dào?

3. Rúguǒ Li Xiānsheng shíyīdiǎn
shifēn líkāi Dàshiguǎn,
láidejí ma?

4. Rúguǒ Zhang Nushì shíyuè qíhào
líkāi zhèli, laidejí ma?

5. Rúguǒ tā sìdiǎnbàn líkāi fàndiàn,
láidejí ma?

6. Rúguǒ nī zǎoshang qīdiǎn zhong
líkāi Jiā, láidejí ma?

7. Rúguǒ tāmen xiànzài líkāi
chēzhǎn, láidejí ma?

Rúguǒ Lī Xiānsheng shíyīdiǎn shífēn
líkāi Dàshiguǎn, shénme shíhou
dào?

Rúguǒ Zhāng Nushì shíyuè qíhào líkāi
zhèli, shénme shíhou dào?

Rúguǒ tā sìdiǎnbàn líkāi fàndiàn,
shénme shíhou dào?

Rúguǒ nī zǎoshang qīdiǎn zhōng
líkāi Jiā, shénme shíhou dào?

Rúguǒ tāmen xiànzài líkāi chēzhàn,
shénme shíhou dào?

H. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Qǐng ni lāi Jiē wo.
(Please pick me up.)

You: Qǐng ni pài ge chē lāi Jiē wo.
(Please send a car to pick me
up.)

2. Qing    ni lāi Jiē ta.  Qǐng ni pài ge chē lāi Jiē ta.
3. Qǐng    ni qù Jiē tamen.    Qǐng ni pài ge chē qù jiē tamen.
u.  Qǐng    ni qù Jiē ta.   Qǐng ni pài ge chē qù Jiē ta.
5. Qǐng    ni sōng wo qù.  Qǐng ni pài ge chē sōng wo qù.
6. Qǐng    ni lāi Jiē ta.  Qǐng ni pài ge chē lāi Jiē ta.
7. Qǐng    ni song tamen qù.   Qǐng ni pài ge chē sōng tamen qù.

I. Expansion Drill

1. Speaker: Wo sǒng ni dào  You: Wo pài chē sǒng ni dào

fēijīchǎng qù.  fēijīchǎng qù.

(I’ll take yǒu to the   (I’ll send a car to take you

airport.)   to the airport.)

2. wǒ  sǒng ni dào huǒchēzhàn qù.  Wo pài chē sǒng ni dào qù.  huǒchēzhàn
3. wǒ  sǒng ni dào qichēzhàn qù.   Wǒ pài chē song ni dào qù.  qìchēzhàn
4. WǑ  sǒng ni dào tā jiā qù.  Wǒ pài chē sǒng ni dào  tā jiā qù.
5. wǒ  song ni dào yínháng qù. Wǒ pài chē sSng ni dào  yínháng qù.
6. wǒ  sǒng ni dào dàshiguǎn qù.   Wǒ pài chē sǒng ni dào qù.  dàshiguǎn
7. Wo  sǒng ni dào fēijīchǎng qù.  Wǒ pài chē sǒng ni dào  fēijīchang

qù.

UNIT 8

REFERENCE LIST

(in Běijīng)

1. B: Hao Jiǔ méi Jiàn, nín chū
mén le ba?

A: Shi a, wǒ yǒu dào Guǎngzhōu
qu le.

2. B: Nín wèishénme gang huílai,
yōu qù le ne?

A: Wǒ zhèicì dào Guǎngzhōu qù
shi yīnwei wǒ yǒu yige hen
hǎode péngyou cōng
Xiānggǎng lái.

3. A: W3men yōu yinian méi Jiàn
le.

A: Tā qīng wo péi ta yìqǐ qù
lǚxíng.

4. A: Sānge yuè yǐqián wǒ zài
Guǎngzhōu, nèige shíhou tā
hái bù zhīdào néng bu néng
lái.

5. B: Nīmen dōu qùguo shénme
dìfang?

A: Nánjīng, Shànghǎi, Hángzhōu,
Sūzhōu, dōu qù le.

Hángzhōu zhēn shi
piàoliang.

6. A: You Jīhui w8 yào zài qù
yícì.

7. A: Zhèixiě dìfang nī dōu qùguo
le ba?

B: Méi dōu qùguo. Wo hái méi
qùguo Suzhou.

I haven’t seen yǒu for a long time,
You have been away, I suppose?

Yes, I went to Guǎngzhōu again.

Why did yǒu go again when yǒu had
Just come back from there?

This time I went to Guǎngzhōu
because I had a very good friend
coming there from Hong Kong.

We had not seen each other for a
year.

She asked me to accompany her (in
her) travels.

Three months ago, when I was in
Guǎngzhōu, she didn’t know yet
whether she would be able to
come or not.

What places did yǒu go to?

We went to Nánjīng, Shànghǎi,
Hángzhōu, and Sūzhōu. Hángzhōu
is really beautiful.

If I have the chance, I would like
to go again.

You have gone to all those places,
I suppose?

I haven’t been to all of them. I
still haven’t been to Sūzhōu.

8. huí gu6 to return to one’s native country
9. huí Jiā to come/go home
10. huíqu   to go back

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
(not presented on C-1 and P-1 tapes)

11. rēnao   to be lively/bustling/noisy
12. yǒu yìsi    to be interesting
13. méi(yǒu) yìsi   to be uninteresting
14. suǒyl (suoyi)   therefore, so

VOCABULARY

chū mén (chū ménr)  to go out, to go away from home, to go out of town
gang    only a short while ago, Just
Hángzhōu    (a city in ZhèJiang Province in the PRC, formerly spelled Hangchow)
h&o Jiu huí huí guō huí Jia huílai huíqu    a long time  to return to, to go back to  to return to one's native country  to return home  to come back  to go back
Jiàn Jīhui  to meet, to see opportunity, chance
méi(yōu) yìsi   to be uninteresting
něng    can; to be able to
péi piàoliang   to accompany  to be beautiful
qíng    to request, to invite
rěnao   to be lively/bustling/noisy
suSyì (suōyi) Sūzhōu    therefore, so  (a city in Jiāngsū Province in the PRC, formerly spelled Soochow)
wèishénme   why
yīnwei yìqí yōu yǒu yìsi    because  together, along with  again (with completed actions) to be interesting
zài again (with uncompleted actions)

(introduced on C-2 and P-2 tapes)

huār kāile  the flowers have bloomed (literally, “opened")
Jiānglèi    in the future
shōudao to receive
yǒumíngde dìfang    famous place
zuìJin  recently

Běijīng Workers’ Stadium

REFERENCE NOTES

1. B: H&o jiǔ méi Jiàn, nín chū
men le ba?

A: Shi a, wo yǒu dào Guǎngzhōu
qu le.

I haven’t seen yǒu for a long time
You have been away, I suppose?

Yes, I went to Guǎngzhōu again.

Notes on No. 1

H&o Jiǔ, “very long”: In this phrase, the word h&o means “very.” Some
additional examples of this use of h&o are

h&o dà  very large
h&o duō rén a good many people
h&o jitiān  quite a few days

Persons from Taiwan frequently use h&o, “very,” before another h&o, as in
Hao hǎowan! “What fun.”’ and Hǎo h&ochī! “Delicious!” Speakers from Bǎijīng
think that this repetition of h&o sounds bad.

The verb jiàn means “to see someone” in the sense of “to visit/talk
with someone.” The verb kànjian is used for “to see” in the sense of
“to perceive an object.”

Chū mén means “to go out,” “to go away from home,” “to go out of town";
literally, “to go out the door.”

YSu is the word for “again” which is used with completed actions. (See
notes on No. 6 for “again” with actions that have not been completed.)

Òu, nl yǒu lái le!  Oh, yǒu have come again!

Qìshuī yǒu méiyou le.   We are out of soda again.

Tā zuétiān méi shàng kè. Yesterday he didn’t attend class.

Jīntiān yǒu méi shàng kè. Today, again, he didn’t attend
class.

2. B: NÍn wèishénme gang huílai,
you qù le ne?

A: Wǒ zhèicì dào Guǎngzhōu qù
shi yīnwei wǒ yǒu yige hSn
hǎode péngyou cong
Xiānggǎng lái.

Why did yǒu go again when yǒu had
just come back from there?

This time I went to Guǎngzhōu
because I had a very good friend
coming there from Hong Kong.

Notes on No. 2

Wèishénme, “why,” follows the subject in the first sentence of exchange 2.
This question word usually occurs in that position. (In English, “why” always
precedes the subject.)

Nǐ  wèishénme   yǒu qù le ne?
(Why    did yǒu go again?)

Sometimes wèishénme precedes the subject of a sentence:

Wèishénme   tā  méi qù?
Tā  wèishénme   méi qù?

“Why didn’t he go?”

Gang, “only a short while ago,” “just”: The first sentence in the
exchange could also be translated as “Why, having Just come back from
there, did yǒu go again?”

The adverb gang is used in sentences describing something that has just
been done, in other words, completed action. But notice that the marker
le for completion is not used here. The marker le is added when the focus
is on whether or not the action has been performed, not on when or how it
was performed. Gang is often used in sentences emphasizing the recentness
of an action, not the fact that it was done; therefore le is not used.

Nǐ shi shénme shíhou láide? When did yǒu come here?

Gang lái.   I Just got here.

Nǐ mèimei zài bu zài?   Is your little sister here?

Tā gang zǒu.    She just left.

Huí, “to return,” “to go back”: Like chǔ, “to go out,” and jin, “to
enter,'* huí must be followed by either a place word or a directional ending.

huí Bǎijīng
huíguō
huíjiā
huílai
huíqu

to return to Bǎijīng

to return to one’s native country
to return home

to come back

to go back

The meaning of huílai is not as broad as that of the English translation
“to come back,” which has two meanings: 1) to come from someplace else to
the original place ("He leaves for work at eight and doesn't come back till
six.") and 2) to come another time ("Mr. Wang isn’t in today; come back
tomorrow.") Huílai means “to return to a particular place.” To say “to
come another time"in Chinese, yǒu would use an adverb meaning “again” and
the verb lái. For example,

Wang Xiānsheng jīntiān bú
zài, qing ni míngtiān zài
lái.

Nèige rén zuótiān yèu lái
zhǎo ni, nī bú zài.

Mr. Wang isn't in today; please
come back tomorrow.

That guy came back looking for you
yesterday, but yǒu were out.

Ne: Because of the question word wèishénme, “why,” the first sentence
in exchange 2 is clearly a question. The marker ne is not needed to indicate
a question, but does give an added ring of inquisitiveness to the sentence.
Questions ending in ne often seem to be asking for definite answers.

Yīnwei, “because”: Here are some

Nǐ wèishénme méi lái?

Yīnwei wo hen máng.

Nǐ wèishénme láiwǎn le?

Yīnwei wo zǒucuè le.

Nǐ wèishénme yǒu qù le?

Yīnwei wǒde péngyou céng
Xiānggǎng lái.

simpler sentences containing yīnwei:

Why didn’t yǒu come?

Because I was very busy.

Why did yǒu come late?

Because I made a wrong turn.

Why did yǒu go again?

Because my friend was coming from
Hong Kong.

The word order in the second sentence of
terms of a pattern:

SENTENCE

exchange 2 may be described in

shi yīnwei SENTENCE

W3 zhèicì dào

Guǎngzhōu qù

wǒ yǒu yige hen
hāode péngyou
cong Xiānggǎng
lái.

The phrase hen haode péngyou contains the marker of modification -de.
The modifying phrase ADVERB + ADJECTIVAL VERB (e.g., zuì xiao, tài gaol”
is followed by -de. Therefore hǎo péngyou does not need -de, but hen
hǎode péngyou does.

The verb yǒu is translated in the past tense in the second sentence
of this exchange: “I HAD a . . . friend coming.” Notice that there is
no completed-action marker in the sentence. You cannot be used with a
completed-action marker because it is a STATE verb, not an action verb.
(See notes on Nos. 7-8 in BIO, Unit 8, and on No. ú in this unit.)

3.

A:

A:

Women yǒu yìnián méi jiàn le.
Tā qǐng wo péi ta yìqǐ qù
lǚxíng.

We had not seen each other for a year.
She asked me to accompany her (in her)
travels.

Notes on No. 3

You yìnián méi: To state the period of time within which something has
not happened, place the amount of time in front of the negative and the
verb. The verb yǒu may be placed in front of the amount of time.

Women   (you)   sānnián méi Jiàn le.
(as for us  there have been 3 years haven’t met)

“We haven’t seen each other for three years.”

In this example, new-situation le might be translated as “as of now.”

When yǒu are talking about a period of time within which something will not
happen, the same pattern is used, but yǒu may NOT be added:

Wo  liǎngtiān   bù chifan.

“I’m not going to eat for
two days.”

The verb qǐng, which yǒu have already learned as “please,” means “to
request Cthat a person do something]” or “to invite.” Normally, when you
qǐng someone to take a trip or to go out, yǒu are saying that yǒu will pay
all expenses.

4. A:

Sānge yuè yǐqián wo zài
Guǎngzhōu, nèige shíhou
tā hái bù zhīdào néng bu
néng lái.

Three months ago, when I was in
Guǎngzhōu, she didn’t know yet
whether she would be able to

come or not.

Notes on No. U

Yǐqián, “ago”: You have already seen yǐqián used after a phrase to
mean “before.”

Wo shàng ban yǐqián, wo mǎi Before I start work, I will buy
diǎnr chide.    something to eat.

In No. U, yiqián is used after an amount of time to mean ’'ago.”

Liǎngnián yiqián, wǒ meiyou Two years ago, I didn’t have a car.
qìchē.

Neng, “can,” “to be able to,” “to be capable of”: The most general
word in Chinese for “to be able to” is neng. The meanings of neng and keyi
“to be permitted by someone” or “permissible according to some rules or
conventions,” overlap.

Nèige shíhou tā hái bù zhīdào: The negative is bù, even though the
sentence refers to the past. The negative mei cannot be used here because
it is the negative of completed action. The verb zhidao, like the verb
you and adjectival verbs such as hǎo, is a state verb and cannot be
thought of as completed.

Since the negative of a state verb is the same in the present and past
tenses, the intended time must be discovered from the context. One reason
for using nèige shíhou in No. H is to make the time reference very clear.

STATE VERBS include all adjectival verbs, auxiliary verbs, and a few other
verbs. Here are some examples:

STATE VERBS

Adjectival Verbs

Auxiliaries Others

dà  huì shi
xiǎo    kéyi    zài
X
gui neng    you
piányi  děi xìng
kuài    bú bì   Jiào
màn yào zhīdao
duō xiǎng   xīhuan

shǎo
gāoxìng

YīJiǔsānyīnián dōngxi dōu bú
guì.

Wǒ zài Déguode shíhou bú huì
shuō Déguo huà.

Wǒ yǐqián bù xīhuan niàn shū.

In 1931, everything was inexpensive

When I was in Germany, I couldn't
speak German.

Before, I didn’t like to study.

Bù zhidào neng bu neng lái, “didn't know if she would be able to come":
The object of the verb zhīdao is a choice-type question, néng bu neng lái.
Here are more examples of this usage:

Wǒ bù zhīdào hái yǒu meiyou. I don’t know if there are any left.

Nǐ wènwen tā rnāile meiyou. Ask him if he bought it.

Wǒ xiǎng zhīdao tāmen lái   I would like to know if they are

bu lái. coming or not.

English-speaking students of Chinese are often tempted to translate “if”
as rúguǒ or yàoshi; to do so, however, is wrong. The following rule may
help yǒu remember to use a choice-type question: Whenever the “if” in an
English sentence means “whether,” use a choice-type question in Chinese.
For example, “I would like to know if they are coming” means “I would like
to know whether they are coming"; therefore, in Chinese, yǒu would use a
choice-type question as the object of the verb zhīdao.

5. B: Nīmen dōu qùguo shenme
dìfang?

A: Nánjīng, ShànghSi, Hángzhōu,
Sūzhōu, dōu qù le. Hang-
zhou zhēn shi piàoliang.

What places did yǒu go to?

We went to Nánjīng, ShànghSi, Háng-
zhōu, and Sūzhōu. Hángzhōu is
really beautiful.

Notes on No. g

Nīmen dōu qùguo shénme dìfang? is ambiguous. It could mean either
“What places did all of yǒu go to?” or “What are all the places that you
went to?”

You already know that dōu may refer to an object when that object precedes
the verb, in topic position. (See the second sentence in exchange 5.)

In this first sentence of the exchange, dōu is referring to an object
which occurs after the verb. When an object includes a question word, it
is not placed before dōu in the sentence.

Tā dōu qùguo shénme dìfang? What are all the places that he
went to?

Tā dōu niànguo shénme shū? What are all the books that she has
read?

Tā dōu māiguo shénme dōngxi? What are all the things that he
bought ?

The shi in Hángzhōu zhēn shi piàoliang has been added for emphasis. Shi
is not required before adjectival verbs.

6. A: Y3u Jīhui wǒ yào zài qù yícì.

If I have the chance, I would like

to go again.

Notes on No. 6

The adverb zài means “again” in talking about actions that have not
been completed. (This adverb was translated previously in your text as
“then” in commands.)

Míngtiān zài lai ba!    Come again tomorrow.

Qǐng ni zài shuō yícì.  Please say it again.

Yícì means “one occurrence of going,” or “one trip,” in this sentence.
(The English translation does not include an equivalent of yícì.)

7. A: Zhèixiē dìfang nī dōu qùguo
le ba?

B: Mei dōu qùguo. Wo hái méi
qùguo Sūzhōu.

You have gone to all those places,
I suppose?

I haven’t been to all of them. I
still haven’t been to Sūzhōu.

Note on No. 7

Měi dōu, “not all”: In the second sentence of exchange 7» the negative
mei precedes the adverb dōu. Placing a negative before dōu instead of
after it changes the meaning of the phrase. Compare the sentences below:

Tāmen dōu bù lai.

Tāmen bù dōu lai.

They are all not coming. (All of
them are not coming.)

Not all of them are coming.

Wǒ dōu mei qùguo.

Wǒ mei dōu qùguo.

I haven’t been to any of them.

I haven’t been to all of them.

8. huí gué to return to one's native country
9-  huí jiā to come/go home
10. huíqu   to go back
11. rènao   to be lively/bustling/noisy
12. yǒu yìsi    to be interesting
13. méi(yǒu) yìsi   to be uninteresting
14. suǒyī (suéyi)   therefore, so

Note on Additional Required Vocabulary

Suǒyī (also pronounced suoyi) is the word “therefore,” “so.”

Wǒ hSn máng, suéyi méi qù.  I was very busy, so I didn’t go.

In Chinese sentences expressing cause and result, the pattern yīnwei...
suoyi... is preferred. English speakers often find difficulty in using
this pattern because it sounds unnatural in English to say “Because I was
very busy, so I didn’t go.” In English, either “because” or “so” would be

omitted; but, in Chinese, both yīnwei

Yīnwei wǒ hen máng, suéyi
méi qù.

Yīnwei tā shi hǎo xuésheng,
suoyi laoshī dōu xīhuan ta.

Yīnwei wǒ méiyou hùzhào,
suóyi xiànzài wǒ hái bù
néng líkāi.

Yīnwei wǒ yào dào Zhōngguo
qù, suoyi wǒ yào xué
Zhōngwén.

Yīnwei wǒ méiyou chē, suoyi
wǒ bù néng zhùde lí
xuéxiào tài yuān.

Notice that suéyi always precedes the

Suoyi may also mean “that’s why.,
plane.” Suéyi ni shi zuō fēijī láide.
suéyi is stressed.

and suéyi are often retained.

I was very busy, so I didn’t go.
(OR “Because I was very busy,
I didn’t go.")

Because he is a good student, all
the teachers like him.

I don't have a passport, so I can't
leave yet. (OR “Because I don't
have a passport, I can't leave
yet.")

I have to learn Chinese because
I'm going to go to China.

I don't have a car, so I can't live
too far away from school. (OR
“Because I don’t have a car, I
can't live too far away from
school.")

subject of the sentence.

”: “That's why yǒu came here by
When used this way, the word

DRILLS

A. Transformation Drill

1. Speaker: Tā chū mén le. (He has gone out.)  2. Tā  dào Zhōngguo    qù  le.  3. Tā  niàn shū le.  4.    Tā  shàngqu le.  5. Tā  dào péngyou Jiā qù le.  6. Tā  lāi le.  T. Tā  huíqu le.  B. Expansion Drill  1.   Speaker: W8 yào kàn yíge péngyou. (I want to see a friend.)  2. Wō yào mǎi yiběn Zhongguo zìdian.  3.   Tā xiāng mǎi yige huāpíng.  4. Tā yào kànkan mùqin.  5. Tā dāsuan qù huàn yìdiān qián.  6. Tā xiǎng xué Zhōngwén.  7. Tā dǎsuan mǎi yìdiān dōngxi.    You: Tā yǒu chū mén le ma?  (Has he gone out again?)  Tā yùu dào Zhōngguo qù le ma?  Tā yōu niàn shu le ma?  Tā yǒu shàngqu le ma?  Tā yǒu dào péngyou Jiā qù le ma?  Tā yǒu lāi le ma?  Tā yòu huíqu le ma?  You: Wǒ zhèicì qù shi yào kàn yíge péngyou.  (The reason I’m going this time is Cthatl I want to see a friend.)  Wo zhèicì qù shi yào māi yìbSn Zhōngguo zìdiān.  Tā zhèicì qù shi xiāng māi yige huāpíng.  Tā zhèicì qù shi yào kànkan muqin.  Tā zhèicì qù shi dāsuan qù huàn yìdiān qiān.  Tā zhèicì qù shi xiāng xué Zhōngwén.  Tā zhèicì qù shi dāsuan māi yìdiān dōngxi.

C. Substitution Drill

1. Speaker: Wo yǒu yìniǎn méi qù
le.

(cue) kànjian ta

(I haven’t gone for a
year.)

You: Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi kànjian ta
le.

(I haven’t seen him for a year.

2. Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi kànjian ta le.
dào Shànghǎi qù

Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi dào Shànghǎi qù
le.

3. Wǒ yǒu yìnian méi dào Shànghǎi
qù le. kàn Zhongwén bào

Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi kàn Zhongwén bào
le.

4. Wo yǒu yìniǎn méi kàn Zhongwén
bào le. qù kàn ta

5. Wo yǒu yìniǎn méi qù kàn ta le.
zuò fēijī

6. Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi zuò fēijī le.
dào zhèr lǎi

Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi qù kàn ta le.

Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi zuò fēijī le.

Wǒ yǒu yìniǎn méi dào zhèr lái le.

7. Wo yǒu yìniǎn méi dào zhèr lǎi
le.

D. Transformation Drill

1- Speaker: Wǒ gēge qīng wo péi ta
qù lùxíng.

(My older brother asked
me to accompany him
tin his3 travels.)

You: Wǒ děi péi wo gēge qù lǚxíng.
(I must accompany my older
brother Ein hisj travels.)

2. Wǒ Jiějie qīng wo péi ta qù
mǎi dōngxi.

3. Wǒ àiren qīng wo péi ta qù
kàn péngyou.

4. Zhāng Tongzhì qīng wo péi ta
dào Běijīng qù.

5. Lī Téngzhì qīng wo péi ta dào
béwùguǎn qù.

Wǒ děi péi wǒ jiějie qù mǎi dongxi.

Wǒ děi péi wǒ àiren qù kàn péngyou.

Wǒ děi péi Zhāng Téngzhì dào
Běijīng qù.

Wǒ děi péi Lī Téngzhì dào béwùguǎn
qù.

6. Tā qǐng wo péi ta qù mǎi shū.

Wǒ dei péi ta qù mǎi shū.

7. Tā qǐng wo pei ta qù huàn qiǎn.

Wǒ děi pěi ta qù huàn qiǎn.

E. Substitution Drill

1. Speaker:

Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù
zhīdào néng bu néng
lǎi.

(cue) shénme shíhou
(At that time he did
not yet know whether
or not he would be
able to come.)

You: Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
shénme shíhou lái.

(At that time he did not yet
know what time to come.)

2. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
shenme shíhou lái.

xīngqījī

3. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
xīngqījī lái. kéyi bu keyi

4. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
keyi bu keyi lái. Jīyuè

5. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
Jīyuè lái. néng bu něng

6. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
něng bu něng lái. Jǐhào

Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
xīngqījī lái.

Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào kéyi
bu keyi lái.

Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào Jīyuè
lǎi.

Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào néng
bu něng lái.

Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào jǐhào
lǎi.

7. Tā nèige shíhou hǎi bù zhīdào
Jǐhào lái.

F. Response Drill

1. Speaker： Nīmen dou qùguo shěnme
dìfang?

(cue) Shànghǎi,
Nánjīng

(What places did yǒu go
to?)

2. Nīmen dōu qùguo shěnme dìfang?
nǐ shuode

3. Nīmen dōu niànguo shěnme?
zhàngzhixuě, JīngJixuě

if. Nīmen dōu mǎi shěnme le?
zhuōzi, pǎnziwǎn

5. Nīmen zuětiān dōu mǎi shěnme le?
shū, zázhì

6. Nīmen dōu yào shěnme yǎnsède?
lǎnde, hōngde

7. Nīmen Jīntiān dōu qùguo shěnme
dìfang ?    bōwùguǎn,

zhǎnlǎnguǎn

You: Shànghǎi, Nánjīng women dōu
qù le,

(We went to both Shànghǎi
and Nánjīng.)

Nǐ shuode nàixiē dìfang women dōu
qù le.

Zhèngzhixuě, JīngJixuě women dōu
niàn le.

Zhuōzi, pǎnziwǎn women dōu mǎi le

Shū, zǎzhì wōmen dōu mǎi le.

Lǎnde, hongde women dōu yào.

Bowùguǎn, zhǎnlǎnguǎn women dōu
qù le.

G. Transformation Drill

1. Speaker: Tāmen dōu lái le ma?
(cue) not all

(Did they all come?)

2. Tāmen    dōu qù le ma?   none
3. Tāmen    dōu zou le ma?  not all
4. Tāmen    dōu mǎi le ma?  none
5. Tāmen not    dōu mài Zhōngguo all    shū ma?

6. Shànghǎi, Běijīng, Nánjīng
tāmen dōu qùguo le ma?
not all

7. Tāmen dōu lǎiguo ma? none

You: Tāmen měi dōu lái.

(Not all of them came.)

Tāmen dou měi qù.

Tāmen měi dōu zōu.

Tamen dōu měi mǎi.

Tāmen bù dōu mài Zhōngguo shū,

Tāmen měi dōu qùguo.

Tamen dōu měi lǎiguo.

H.  Transformation Drill

1. Speaker: Wo míngtiān yào zài
qù yícì.

(Tomorrow I want to go
again.)

2. Tā hòutiān yào zài lái yícì.

3. Tā míngnián yào zài niàn yícì.

4. Wǒ xiàge yuè yào zài kàn yícì.

5. Tā xiàge xīngqī yào zài zuò
yícì.

6. Wǒ xiàwǔ yào zài xué yícì.

7. Tā xiàge Xīngqīyī yào zài kāi
yícì.

You: Wǒ zuétiān yǒu qùle yícì.

(Yesterday I went again.)

Tā qiántiān yǒu láile yícì.

Tā qùnián yǒu niànle yícì.

Wǒ shàngge yuè yǒu kànle yícì.

Tà shàngge xīngqī yòu zuòle yícì.

Wo shàngwǔ yòu xuele yícì.

Tā shàngge Xīngqīyī yòu kSile yícì

I. Transformation Drill

1. Speaker: Nīmen dou qùguo shenme
dìfang?

(cue) zhèige dìfang
(What places did you
go to?)

2. Nīmen dōu mǎi shénme le?
shū

3. Nīmen dōu yào shénme?
mǎi lánde

4. Nīmen dōu zhùguo shénme fàndiàn?
nèige fàndiàn

5. Nīmen dōu niànguo shénme?
zhèngzhixué

6. Nīmen dōu kàn shénme diànyīng
le? zhèige diànyīng

7. Nīmen dōu xing shénme? Lī

You: Nīmen dōu qùguo zhèige dìfang
ma?

(Did all of yǒu go to this
place?)

Nīmen dōu mǎi shū le ma?

Nīmen dōu yào mǎi lánde ma?

Nīmen dōu zhùguo nèige fàndiàn ma?

Nīmen dōu niànguo zhèngzhixué ma?

Nīmen dōu kàn zhèige diànyīng le
ma?

Nīmen dōu xing Lī ma?

Expansion Drill

Speaker: Ta yǒu qù le.  (cue) huílai  (He’s gone again.)                You: Tā wèishénme gang huílai yǒu qù le ne?  (Why did he go again when he had just come back?)
Ta  yǒu lai le. huíqu   Tā wèishénme le ne? gang huíqu yǒu lái
Tā  yǒu zou le. huílai  Tā wèishénme le ne? gang huílai yǒu zou
Tā  yǒu huíqu le.   lái Ta wèishénme le ne? gang lái yǒu huíqu
Ta  yǒu huílai le.  lù  Tā wèishénme ne?    gang qù yǒu huílai le
Tā  yǒu huílai le.  zou Tā wèishénme le ne? gang zǒu yǒu huílai
Tā  yǒu qù le.  huílai  Tā wèishénme le ne? gang huílai yǒu qù