FSI-Chinese-text/Numerisés-new/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText.xml

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  <info>
    <title>FSI - Standard Chinese - Module 04 DIR - Student Text</title>
    <authorgroup>
      <author>
        <firstname>Foreign Service</firstname>
        <surname>Institute</surname>
      </author>
    </authorgroup>
  </info>
  <para>
    <anchor id="bookmark0" />CM 0183 S
  </para>
  <para>
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  </para>
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  <para>
    □ARD
  </para>
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  <para>
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  <para>
    A MODULAR APPROACH
  </para>
  <para>
    STUDENT TEXT
  </para>
  <para>
    MODULE 3: MONEY
  </para>
  <para>
    MODULE 4: DIRECTIONS
  </para>
  <para>
    I
  </para>
  <para>
    SPONSORED BY AGENCIES OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADIAN GOVERNMENTS
  </para>
  <para>
    This publication is to be used primarily in support of instructing
    military personnel as part of the Defense Language Program (resident
    and nonresident). Inquiries concerning the use of materials,
    including requests for copies, should be addressed to:
  </para>
  <para>
    Defense Language Institute
  </para>
  <para>
    Foreign Language Center
  </para>
  <para>
    NonresidentTrainīng Division
  </para>
  <para>
    Presidio of Monterey, CA 93944 5006
  </para>
  <para>
    Topics in the areas of politics, international relations, mores,
    etc., which may be considered as controversial from some points of
    view, are sometimes included in the language instruction for DLIFLC
    students since military personnel may find themselves in positions
    where a clear understanding of conversations or written materials of
    this nature will be essential to their mission. The presence of
    controversial statements-whether real or apparent- in DLIFLC
    materials should not be construed as representing the opinions of
    the writers, the DLIFLC, or the Department of Defense.
  </para>
  <para>
    Actual brand names and businesses are sometimes cited in DLIFLC
    instructional materials to provide instruction in pronunciations and
    meanings The selection of such proprietary terms and names is based
    solely on their value for instruction in the language. It does not
    constitute endorsement of any product or commercial enterprise, nor
    is it intended to invite a comparison with other brand names and
    businesses not mentioned
  </para>
  <para>
    In DLIFLC publications, the words he, him, and/or his denote both
    masculine and feminine genders. This statement does not apply to
    translations of foreign language texts.
  </para>
  <para>
    The DLIFLC may not have full rights to the materials it produces.
    Purchase by the customer does net constitute authorization for
    reproduction, resale, or showing for profit. Generally, products
    distributed by the DLIFLC may be used in any not-for-profit setting
    without prior approval from the DLIFLC.
  </para>
  <para>
    PREFACE
  </para>
  <para>
    Standard Chinese: A Modular Approach originated in an interagency
    conference held at the Foreign Service Institute in August 1973 to
    address che need generally felt in the U.S. Government language
    training community for improving and updating Chinese materials to
    reflect current usage in Beijing and Taipsi.
  </para>
  <para>
    The conference resolved to develop materials which were flexible
    enough in form and content to meet the requirements of a wide range
    of government agencies and academic institutions.
  </para>
  <para>
    A Project Board was established consisting of representatives of the
    Ier.tr al Intelligence Agency Language Learning Center, the Defense
    Language Institute, the State Department's Foreign Service
    Institute, the Cryptologic School cf the National. Security Agency,
    and the U.S. Office of Education, later Joined by the Canadian
    Forces Foreign Language School. The representatives have included
    Arthur T. McNeill, John Hopkins, and John Boag (CIA); Colonel John
    F. Elder III, Joseph C. Hutchinson, Ivy Gibian, and Major Bernard
    Muller-Thym (.DLl); James R. Frith and John B. Ratliff III (FSl);
    Kazuo Shitama (NEA)p Richard T. Thompson and Julia Petrov (OE); and
    Lieutenant Colonel George Kozoriz (CFFLS).
  </para>
  <para>
    The Project Board set up the Chinese Core Curriculum Project in 197b
    in space provided at the Foreign Service Institute, Each of the six
    U.S. and Canadian government agencies provided funds and other
    assistance.
  </para>
  <para>
    Gerard P. Kok was appointed project coordinator, and a planning
    council was formed consisting of Mr. Kok, Frances Li of the Defense
    Language Institute, Patricia O’Connor of the University of Texas,
    Earl M. Hickerson of the Language Learning Center, and James Wrenn
    of Brown University. In the fall of 1977, Lucille A. Barale was
    appointed deputy project coordinator. David W. Dellinger of the
    Language Learning Center and Charles R. Sheehan of the Foreign
    Service Institute also served on the planning council and
    contributed material to the project. The planning council drew up
    the original overall design for the materials and met regularly to
    review their development.
  </para>
  <para>
    Writers for the first half of the materials were John H. T. Harvey,
    Lucille A. Barale, and Roberta S. Barry, who worked in close
    cooperation with the planning council and with the Chinese staff of
    the Foreign Service Institute. Mr. Harvey developed the
    instructional formats of the comprehension and production self-study
    materials, and also designed the communicationbased classroom
    activities and wrote the teacher’s guides. Lucille A. Barale and
    Roberta S. Barry wrote the tape scripts and the student text. By
    197^ Thomas E. Madden and Susan C. Pola had Joined the staff. Led by
    Mg. Barale, they have worked as a team to produce the materials
    subsequent to Module 6.
  </para>
  <para>
    .-*.s. m prepared selected by Chuan 0. Chao, ÍXt. £r* Ziac, Can Hu,
    Tsung-mi Li, and Yunhui C. tb» tixe by Czíeh-fang Ou Lee, Ying-ming
    Chen,
  </para>
  <para>
    ■C Am0 11 kl *t&lt;. líti Affbclder, Mei-li Chen, and Henry Khuo
    helped L2 tie prepared lee cfs preliminary corpus of dialogues.
  </para>
  <para>
    Administrative assistance was provided at various times by Vincent
    Basciano, Lisa A. Bowden, Jill W, Ellis, Donna Fong, Renee T. C.
    Liang, Thomas E. Madden, Susan C. Pola, and Kathleen Strype.
  </para>
  <para>
    The production of tape recordings was directed by Jose M. Ramirez of
    the Foreign Service Institute Recording Studio. The Chinese script
    was voiced by Ms. Chao, Ms. Chen, Mr. Chen, Ms. Diao, Me. Hu, Mr.
    Khuo, Mr. Li , and Ms. Yang. The English script was read by Ms.
    Barale, Ms. Barry, Mr, Basciano, Ms. Ellis, Ms. Pola, and Ms.
    Strype.
  </para>
  <para>
    The graphics were produced by John McClelland of the Foreign Service
    Institute Audio-Visual staff, under the general supervision of
    Joseph A. Sadote, Chief of Audio-Visual,
  </para>
  <para>
    Standard Chinese: A Modular Approach was field-tested with the
    cooperation of Brown University; the Defense Language Institute,
    Foreign Language Center; the Foreign Service Institute; the Language
    Learning Center; the United States Air force Academy; the University
    of Illinois; and the University of Virginia.
  </para>
  <para>
    Colonel Samuel L. Stapleton and Colonel Thomas G. Foster,
    Commandants of the Defense Language Institute, Foreign Language
    Center, authorized the DLIFLC support necessary for preparation of
    this edition of the course materials. This support included
    coordination, graphic arts, editing, typing, proofreading, printing,
    and materials necessary to carry out these tasks.
  </para>
  <para>
    James R. Frith, Chairman
  </para>
  <para>
    Chinese Core Curriculum Project Board
  </para>
  <para>
    CONTENTS
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark1">Preface</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    ■'CDULE 3: MONEY
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark2">Objectives ................... </link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark3">Target Lists ................  . «</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    UNIT’ 1 Reference List ......... .............
  </para>
  <para>
    Vocabulary ........................ 10
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark4">Reference Notes ....</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    Topic and comment
  </para>
  <para>
    Yes/no-choice Questions
  </para>
  <para>
    Asking and giving prices
  </para>
  <para>
    The counters &quot;volume.” &quot;copy,”
    &quot;sheet,<superscript>11</superscript>
    &quot;piece/<superscript>1</superscript> &quot;stick”
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark5">Prices Drills</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    UNIT 2
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark6">Reference List  . .</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark7">Vocabulary ...</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark8">Reference Notes . .</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    &quot;Some,&quot; diǎn(r)
  </para>
  <para>
    Imperatives and polite imperatives
  </para>
  <para>
    Nominalízed adjectival verbs (dàde, xiaode)
  </para>
  <para>
    More on counters
  </para>
  <para>
    More on prices
  </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark9">Drills</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark10">UNIT 3 Reference List ...... ...........
    .....</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark11">Vocabulary ...... ........
    ..........</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark12">Reference Notes ...... ...... . </link>
  </para>
  <para>
    Reduplicated verbs (kànkan) &quot;Or&quot; cuestions with háishi
    Sentences with objects and dōu Adjectival verbs and comparison The
    marker ba for tentative statements and requests
  </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
  <para>
    Colors
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark13">Vocabulary Booster (Colors) ...... .....
    .....</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark14">Drills ....... </link>
  </para>
  <para>
    UNIT h
  </para>
  <para>
    Reference List ...................... 57
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark15">Vocabulary ............. ........
    ...</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark16">Reference Notes . . . , .</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    The plural counter -Xie*
  </para>
  <para>
    Time words in topic position
  </para>
  <para>
    Completion le in sentences with counted objects
  </para>
  <para>
    Modifying phrases with de
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark17">Vocabulary Booster (Things in a
    Classroom) . . ..... , .</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark18">Drills</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark19">mi it 5 Reference List........ . .
    .</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    Vocabulary ......................... 76
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark20">Reference Notes</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    Money denominations
  </para>
  <para>
    The prepositional verb gěi
  </para>
  <para>
    More on the mar Iter ne
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark21">Focusing the question with shì bu shi
    Drills</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    UNIT 6
  </para>
  <para>
    Reference List ....................... 87
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark22">Vocabulary . ......
    ..................</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark23">Reference Notes .......... ...... .
    </link>
  </para>
  <para>
    Clock time
  </para>
  <para>
    Ba in questions
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark24">Time-of-day words Drills .</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    MODULE b: DIRECTIONS
  </para>
  <para>
    Objectives ..... ...... . ...... ......... 10h
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark25">Map of Beijing ........... .....
    .........</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark26">Map of Taipei ...... ..... ........
    </link>
  </para>
  <para>
    Target Lists .... ...... . ...... ......... 107
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark27">UNIT 1 Reference List . .</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark28">Maps for C-l Tape ...............</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark29">Vocabulary ..... ...... . .....
    ........</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    Reference Notes ...................... 117
  </para>
  <para>
    The prepositional verbs dào, &quot;to&quot;; cóng, &quot;from&quot;;
    wàng, &quot;towards&quot;; and xiàng, &quot;towards&quot;
  </para>
  <para>
    Directions for &quot;ahead&quot;left,&quot; and &quot;right&quot;
  </para>
  <para>
    Completion le in future contexts
  </para>
  <para>
    Zāi meaning~<superscript>rr</superscript>then&quot;
  </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark30">Drills</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    UNIT 2
  </para>
  <para>
    Reference List ...................... . 131
  </para>
  <para>
    Maps for C-l Tape ..................... 133
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark31">Vocabulary  </link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark32">Reference Notes</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    The four directions
  </para>
  <para>
    Place words with -biānr
  </para>
  <para>
    Location words and the verbs shì, ySu, and zjii &quot;Before&quot;
    and &quot;after&quot;
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark33">Vocabulary Booster (Things in Nature) . .
    ........ .</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark34">Drills*</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    UNIT 3
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark35">Reference List .... .......
    ...........</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    Maps for C-l Tape ..................... 158
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark36">Vocabulary ........... .......
    ......</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark37">Reference Notes .....
    .................</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    The prepositional verbs lí,
    <superscript>,1&amp;</superscript>P<superscript>ar</superscript>t
    from,&quot; and
  </para>
  <para>
    ch6o, &quot;towards&quot;
  </para>
  <para>
    Compound verbs of direction with lai and où
  </para>
  <para>
    The marker -zhe
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark38">Drills</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    UNIT 1*
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark39">Reference List</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark40">Vocabulary ... ....... ......... </link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark41">Reference Notes .....
    .................</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    The prepositional verb zud, &quot;by&quot;
  </para>
  <para>
    Compound verbs of result
  </para>
  <para>
    Directions inside a building
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark42">Vocabulary Booster (Buildings and
    Institutions) . </link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark43">Drills</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    UNIT 5
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark44">Reference List ...</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark45">Maps for C-l Tape .......</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark46">Vocabulary ............. .....
    ......</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark47">Reference Notes ................ </link>
  </para>
  <para>
    Addresses
  </para>
  <para>
    <link linkend="bookmark48">Zài meaning &quot;more,&quot;
    &quot;again&quot; Drills</link>
  </para>
  <para>
    MODULE 4: DIRECTIONS
  </para>
  <para>
    The Directions Module (DIR) will provide you with the skills needed
    to ask for and understand directions to any place indoors or
    outdoors, to give simple directions, to understand and give
    addresses, and to describe relative locations*
  </para>
  <para>
    Before starting the module, you must take and paae the MON Criterion
    Teat.
  </para>
  <para>
    The Criterion Test will focus largely on this module, but material
    from ORN, BIO, MON, and associated resource modules may also be
    included.
  </para>
  <para>
    <anchor id="caption1" />
  </para>
  <section xml:id="objectives">
    <title><anchor id="bookmark49" /><anchor id="bookmark50" />OBJECTIVES</title>
    <para>
      Upon successful completion of this module, the student should, he
      able to
    </para>
    <para>
      1. Give the English equivalent for any Chinese sentence in the DIR
      Target Lists.
    </para>
    <para>
      2. Say any Chinese sentence in the DIR Target Liats when cued with
      its English equivalent.
    </para>
    <para>
      j. Ask for directions to a location in a city, to a place in a
      building, or to a specific address,
    </para>
    <para>
      b. Comprehend directions well enough to trace the route on a city
      map or a floor plan-
    </para>
    <para>
      Demonstrate understanding of directions by restating at least part
      of them step by step.
    </para>
    <para>
      6. Distinguish between Beijing and Taipei expressions for
      directions by matching expressions to the cities in which they
      would be used-
    </para>
    <para>
      7* Direct someone (using single-sentence directions) to various
      places in a building by describing a route marked on a floor plan.
    </para>
    <para>
      IQit
    </para>
    <para>
      105
    </para>
    <para>
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        </imageobject>
      </inlinemediaobject>
    </para>
    <para>
      DIP
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Taipei
    </para>
<literallayout>
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    <para>
      <inlinemediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-4.jpg" />
        </imageobject>
      </inlinemediaobject>
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      UNIT 1 TARGET LIST
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          1. Ni zhīdao bu zhidao Huáměi Kāféitíng?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Bù zhīdào.
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          2, Dao kāfsiting qù, zenne z5u?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Cong zhèli wàng zuǒ zou. Daole rSkǒu zāi wàng you zou, jiù dào le.
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          3. Cong zhèli dào yínháng qù, v3 xiǎn wàng ydu zīu, duì bu
          dui?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Bú shi, cóng ahèli yìzhf zou,
    </para>
    <para>
      U. R&amp;nhou, dàole iSkǒu, zài wang zuǒ zíu, duī bu dui?
    </para>
    <para>
      Duì le.
    </para>
    <para>
      Hǎo, Wo zhīdao le. Xiexie.
    </para>
    <para>
      ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and P-1
      tapes)
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          5. fānguǎnzi
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          6, &quot;fanguǎnr
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          7. shāngdiàn
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          8. pùzi
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          9. xuěxiào
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          10. fángzi
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          11, xiàng
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Do you know of the Huàněi Coffeehouse?
    </para>
    <para>
      No, I don't.
    </para>
    <para>
      How do I get to the coffeehouse?
    </para>
    <para>
      From here you go to the left. When you have reached the
      intersection, then you go to the right, and then you're there.
    </para>
    <para>
      To get from here to the bank, I first go to the right. Is that
      correct?
    </para>
    <para>
      No, from here you go straight.
    </para>
    <para>
      After that, when I have reached the intersection, then I go to the
      left. Is that correct?
    </para>
    <para>
      That’s correct.
    </para>
    <para>
      Good. I've got it now. Thank you,
    </para>
    <para>
      restaurant (Taipei) restaurant (Beijīng) store, shop (Taipei)
      store, shop (Beijing) school house towards
    </para>
    <para>
      UNIT 2 TARGET LIST
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          1. Nī zhīdao Dóngdān DiānyīngyuSn shì bu. shi zài zher fùjìn?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Shi.
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          2. Cong zhàr dào Dōngdān Diānyīngyuàn qù, zěnme zōu?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Chūle zhàige fàndiàn wāng dong zǒu.
    </para>
    <para>
      Dàole dìèrge lùkŌur, bāibianr shi Dóngdān C§.i shi chang.
    </para>
    <para>
      Nānbianr shi Dōngdān Gōngyuán.
    </para>
    <para>
      Diànyīngyuàn Jiù zài Dōngdān Cāishichǎngde xFoianr.
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          3. Q&amp; kSn diànyīng yǐqifin, wō xian qù kàn yige pēngyou.
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Ji. Fandiān lībianr you meiyou māi tāngde?
    </para>
    <para>
      Yíu. You yige xiāomaibù. Zài nèibianr.
    </para>
    <para>
      Do you know whether the Dōngdān Movie Theater it- in this area?
    </para>
    <para>
      Yes.
    </para>
    <para>
      How do I get fre m here to the Dōngdān Movie Theater?
    </para>
    <para>
      ’■-Tien you have gone out of the hotel, walk to the east.
    </para>
    <para>
      When you have reached the second intersection, on the north side
      is the Dōngdān Market.
    </para>
    <para>
      On the south side is Dōngdān Park.
    </para>
    <para>
      The movie theater is Just on the west side of the Dōngdān Market.
    </para>
    <para>
      Before I go to see the movie, I am first going to visit a friend.
    </para>
    <para>
      Is there a place to buy candy in the hotel?
    </para>
    <para>
      Yes. There's a variety shop. It’s over there.
    </para>
    <para>
      ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and P-1
      tapes)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          5. wāibianr (wàibian)
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          6. yīhSu
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          7. ySub!anr £ ySub i an)
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          8. zuōbianr (zuōbian)
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      9* xlaoxue
    </para>
    <para>
      10, zhongxue
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      outside
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      after
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      right side
    </para>
    <para>
      <superscript>T</superscript>* left aide
    </para>
    <para>
      elementary school
    </para>
    <para>
      ADI middle school (the equivalent of Junior and senior high
      school)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      UNIT 3 TARGET LIST
    </para>
    <para>
      an ea?
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          1. Nǐ chǔqu a!
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      W3 xiSng chǔqu mǎi Jiben shǔ.
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          2. Lāojià, nàr you mài shade?
        </para>
        <para>
          ! hotel,
        </para>
        <para>
          :ond side Is
        </para>
        <para>
          Park.
        </para>
        <para>
          the irket.
        </para>
        <para>
          , I am
        </para>
        <para>
          ‘ní,
        </para>
        <para>
          r in
        </para>
        <para>
          , It's
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Wāngfǔjǐng Dājiē you yige Xīnhuá Shūdiàn, her. dà.
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          3. Laojià, Xinhuè Shūdiàn if ahèr yuan ma?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Bu yuín, hen jin.
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          4, Zěnne qù? Zǒuzhe qù kéyi ma?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Zūuzhe qù kéyi.
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          5, Zou duo yuan?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Z&lt;5u bù yuàn, lùdōngde dìyīge dàlíu jiù shi Xīnhuá Shūdiàn.
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          6. Dao Xīnhuá Shūdiàn qù, zěnme z5u?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      CSng dāmén chūqu, cháo bSi guái, jiù shi Wángfǔjīng Dàjié.
    </para>
    <para>
      t of
    </para>
    <para>
      □ol)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          7. Laojià, nèige dàlou shi Xīnhuá Shudiàn ma?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Shì.
    </para>
    <para>
      ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY
    </para>
    <para>
      (not presented on C-l and P-1 tapes)
    </para>
    <para>
      Oh, you're going outl
    </para>
    <para>
      I thought I would go out to buy a few books.
    </para>
    <para>
      Excuse me, where is there a place to buy books?
    </para>
    <para>
      There is a New China Bookstore on Wángfǔjīng Boulevard that is
      very large.
    </para>
    <para>
      Excuse me. Is the New China Bookstore far from here?
    </para>
    <para>
      It’s not far; it’s very close.
    </para>
    <para>
      How do I go? Is it possible to get there by walking?
    </para>
    <para>
      It's possible to get there by walking.
    </para>
    <para>
      How far do I go?
    </para>
    <para>
      Go a short distance, and the first building on the east side of
      the street is the New China Bookstore,
    </para>
    <para>
      How do I get to the New China Bookstore?
    </para>
    <para>
      You go out the entrance, turn to the north, and that’s Wángfǔjīng
      Boulevard.
    </para>
    <para>
      Excuse me, is that building the New China Bookstore?
    </para>
    <para>
      Yes.
    </para>
    <informaltable>
      <tgroup cols="3">
        <colspec align="left" />
        <colspec align="left" />
        <colspec align="left" />
        <tbody>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                8.
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                zhuǎn
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                to turn
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                9.
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                chūlai
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                to come out
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                10.
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                lùxí
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                <subscript>(</subscript>the west side of the street
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                11.
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                lùběi
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                the north side of the street
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                12.
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                lùnán
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                the south side of the street
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
        </tbody>
      </tgroup>
    </informaltable>
    <para>
      DI
    </para>
    <informaltable>
      <tgroup cols="2">
        <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
        <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
        <tbody>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <itemizedlist>
                <listitem>
                  <para>
                    13, bǎīhuō gōngĒi
                  </para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                  <para>
                    14, BǎihuS Dalóu
                  </para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                  <para>
                    15, s hàngbianr (shsh gbi an)
                  </para>
                </listitem>
              </itemizedlist>
              <para>
                <emphasis role="smallcaps">1é. xlàb ianr (xīāb ī
                an)</emphasis>
              </para>
              <para>
                1?, dīxla
              </para>
              <para>
                18. zhōngjiānr (zhōngJīÈnr) ízhōngjiān)
              </para>
              <para>
                19. pÉngbiānr (pángbiān)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                department store (name of a department store in Beijing)
                1, above; the top, the upper part below, under; the
                bottom, the lower part
              </para>
              <para>
                underneath; the underneath the middle, the space in
                between
              </para>
              <para>
                beside, next to, alongside of; the side
              </para>
              <para>
                3. 1      ■
              </para>
              <para>
                1      <superscript>u</superscript> •
              </para>
              <para>
                1      ADS
              </para>
              <para>
                1       (a:
              </para>
              <para>
                ■ ■   6.
              </para>
              <para>
                I   <superscript>7</superscript>‘
              </para>
              <para>
                I   <superscript>S</superscript>’
              </para>
              <para>
                1    <superscript>9</superscript>'
              </para>
              <para>
                1   <superscript>101</superscript>
              </para>
              <para>
                ■    11.
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
        </tbody>
      </tgroup>
    </informaltable>
    <para>
      UNIT 4 TARGET LIST
    </para>
    <para>
      .n
    </para>
    <para>
      •t
    </para>
    <para>
      * lover
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      íeen
    </para>
    <para>
      r;
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      1. Qīngwèn, canting zài nàli?
    </para>
    <para>
      Zuo diàntǐ dāo èrlǒu.
    </para>
    <para>
      Xiàle diàntī, jiū kànjian le.
    </para>
    <para>
      2, Qǐngwen, nīmen zhēli you meiyou lífàde dìfàng?
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          You. Xià 16u, zuǒbian jiù shi.
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          3. Jīl6u mài ditú?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Èrlǒu.
    </para>
    <para>
      Zěnme zǒu?
    </para>
    <para>
      Wàng h3u yìzhí zǒu, Shàng lǒu, yǒubian jiù shi mài d it tide.
    </para>
    <para>
      l|, Xlshoujiān zài níll?
    </para>
    <para>
      Zài nàli. Wàng 11 zǒu, jiù kànjian le.
    </para>
    <para>
      ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and P-1
      tapes)
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          5, qián
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          6. duìmiàn (duìmiànr)
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          7. zhàbian (zheibianr)
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          8, nàbian (nèibianr)
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          9, lóutī
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          10. zǒuláng
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          11. cěsuǒ
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          12. Jìn
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          13. -tou
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      it. -mian(r)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      May I ask, where is the dining room?
    </para>
    <para>
      Take the elevator to the second floor.
    </para>
    <para>
      When you have gotten off the elevator, then you’ll see it.
    </para>
    <para>
      May I ask, is there a place to get a haircut here?
    </para>
    <para>
      Yes, Go downstairs, and it’s (just) on the left.
    </para>
    <para>
      On what floor are maps sold?
    </para>
    <para>
      The second floor.
    </para>
    <para>
      How do I get there (go)?
    </para>
    <para>
      Go straight to the back. Go up the stairs, and the map department
      is (just) on the right.
    </para>
    <para>
      Where is the washroom?
    </para>
    <para>
      It’s over there. Go all the way in, and then you’ll see it.
    </para>
    <para>
      front, ahead
    </para>
    <para>
      the side facing; across from, opposite, facing
    </para>
    <para>
      this way, this side
    </para>
    <para>
      that way, that side
    </para>
    <para>
      staircase, stairway, stairs
    </para>
    <para>
      corridor
    </para>
    <para>
      toilet, rest room
    </para>
    <para>
      to enter
    </para>
    <para>
      end (occurs in place words) surface (occurs in place words)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      ill
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      DIF
    </para>
    <para>
      UNIT 5 TARGET LIST
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          1. Duìbuqī.
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Nī you shěiune shi aī
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          2, Hí zhǎo Ehénme dìfang?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Wc zhao Nanjing Dongliì Yíduan, Wǔshisixíeng,
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          3. Nl wang nabian z3u,
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Gu8 santifio Jlē, Jiù shi Nanjing Dōnglù Yíduàn.
    </para>
    <para>
      Dāole Yfduan yīh8u, qīng zāi wen bíéren ba.
    </para>
    <para>
      Ji. Qīngwěn, Wǔnāng zāi nSli?
    </para>
    <para>
      Ni zàí wàng qian zou yìdiǎn.
    </para>
    <para>
      YĒubian dìyīge lìlkBu Jiù shi WunSng,
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          5. Qīngwèn zhetiao lù shì ahenna lùf
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Zhè shi Zhōngshān Beilù.
    </para>
    <para>
      ōu, wǒ zoucuā le.
    </para>
    <para>
      ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and P-1
      tapes)
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          6, hútong (hútSngr)
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          7. men (raěnr)
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          8. ménkǒu (mēnkǒur)
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          9. qiáo
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          10, tiānqíáo
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          11. dìxià xfngren dào
        </para>
        <para>
          Excuse me.
        </para>
        <para>
          What can I do for you?
        </para>
        <para>
          What place are you looking for?
        </para>
        <para>
          I am looking for Lane 54 of NÉnJIng     B *■
        </para>
        <para>
          East Road, Section 1.
        </para>
        <para>
          You go that way.
        </para>
        <para>
          Cross three streets, and that’s
        </para>
        <para>
          NĚnJing East Road, Section 1,         ^Hi ' •
        </para>
        <para>
          After you have gotten to Section 1, please ask someone else.
        </para>
        <para>
          May I ask, where is Alley 5?                   -■
        </para>
        <para>
          You walk (straight) ahead a little farther.
        </para>
        <para>
          -■
        </para>
        <para>
          The first intersection on the right
        </para>
        <para>
          <emphasis role="smallcaps">ìe Alley 5.</emphasis>
        </para>
        <para>
          May I ask, what road la this?
        </para>
        <para>
          This is Zhongshan North Road.
        </para>
        <para>
          Oh, I went the wrong way, ■ s*
        </para>
        <para>
          a narrow street, a lane (BSiJīng)
        </para>
        <para>
          gate, door
        </para>
        <para>
          doorway, gateway, entrance
        </para>
        <para>
          bridge                               M ' -
        </para>
        <para>
          pedestrian overpass
        </para>
        <para>
          pedestrian underground walkway
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      UNIT 1
    </para>
    <section xml:id="reference-list">
      <title><anchor id="bookmark51" /><anchor id="bookmark52" />REFERENCE
      LIST</title>
      <para>
        nJ Ing
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        .on 1
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Taipei)
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            A: Nī dāo nail qù?
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            B: Wo dāo kāfēitīng qù,
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        B: Nǐ zhīdao bu zhidao Huānel Kāfēitīng?
      </para>
      <para>
        A: Bù zhīdào.
      </para>
      <para>
        Where are you going?
      </para>
      <para>
        I'm going to a coffeehouse
      </para>
      <para>
        Do you know of the Huáffiēi Coffeehouse?
      </para>
      <para>
        No, I don't.
      </para>
      <para>
        Ij. A: Dao nāli qù, zSnme zou?
      </para>
      <para>
        C: Cong zhēli wāng zuǒ zǒu*
      </para>
      <para>
        15- C; Dāole lùk3u, zàl wāng you right                   z5u.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        €. C: Dāole lùkou, zāi wāng yǒu z3u, Jiù dāo le.
      </para>
      <para>
        Ing)
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        7. A: Wo xiān wāng zuìS zǒu, duì bu dul?
      </para>
      <para>
        C: Dul le.
      </para>
      <para>
        6. A: RāūhSu ne?
      </para>
      <para>
        C: Ránhou, dàole lùkíu, zāi wāng ySu zǑu,
      </para>
      <para>
        A: Hao, wt5 zhīdac le. Xièxie.
      </para>
      <para>
        |p. A: Qīngwèn, c6ng zhèll dāo yin-hang qù, wang yòu z3u, dui bu
        dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        D: Btì shi, cóng zheli yìzhí ±y                          z3u.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        How do I get there?
      </para>
      <para>
        From here you go to the left.
      </para>
      <para>
        When you have reached the intersection, then you go to the
        right.
      </para>
      <para>
        When you have reached the intersection, then you go to the
        right, and then you're there.
      </para>
      <para>
        First I go to the left. Is that correct?
      </para>
      <para>
        That's correct.
      </para>
      <para>
        And after that?
      </para>
      <para>
        After that, when you have reached the intersection, then you go
        to the right.
      </para>
      <para>
        Good, I’ve got it now. Thank you.
      </para>
      <para>
        May I ask, to get from here to the bank you go to the right. Is
        that correct?
      </para>
      <para>
        No, from here you go straight.
      </para>
      <para>
        ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and P-1
        tapes)
      </para>
      <para>
        10.
      </para>
      <para>
        fànguanzi (fànguǎnr)
      </para>
      <para>
        restaurant
      </para>
      <para>
        11.
      </para>
      <para>
        shāngdiSn
      </para>
      <para>
        store, shop (Taipei)
      </para>
      <para>
        12.
      </para>
      <para>
        pùzi
      </para>
      <para>
        store, shop (Beijing)
      </para>
      <para>
        13.
      </para>
      <para>
        xuéxiào
      </para>
      <para>
        school
      </para>
      <para>
        1U.
      </para>
      <para>
        fángzi
      </para>
      <para>
        house
      </para>
      <para>
        15.
      </para>
      <para>
        xiàng
      </para>
      <para>
        towards
      </para>
      <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-5.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
      </para>
      <para>
        Snack stands in Taipei
      </para>
      <para>
        ll»i
      </para>
      <para>
        <anchor id="bookmark53" />MAPS FOR C-1 TAPE
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        DISPLAY HI
      </para>
      <para>
        DISPLAY I
      </para>
      <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-6.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Ji
      </para>
      <para>
        ír
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-7.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-8.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    </section>
    <section xml:id="vocabulary">
      <title><anchor id="bookmark7" /><anchor id="bookmark54" />VOCABULARY</title>
      <para>
      </para>
    </section>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <informaltable>
      <tgroup cols="2">
        <colspec align="left" />
        <colspec align="left" />
        <tbody>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                cǒng
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                from
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                dao
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                to, towards
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                duì
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                to be correct
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                fanguānr
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                restaurant (Be i J īng)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                fanguānzi
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                restaurant (Taipei)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                fāngzi
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                house
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                Hu&amp;oěi Kāfēitīng
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                Hu&amp;nǒi Coffeehouse (Taipei)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                Jiù
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                then
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                kāfēitīng
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                coffeehouse
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                lùkǒutr)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                intersection
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                pùzi
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                store, shop (Beijing)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                Q.Ù
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                to go
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                rānhou
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                afterwards, after that
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                shāngdiàn
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                store, shop (Taipei)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                wāng (wāng)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                to, towards
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                xiān
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                first; ahead of time
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                xìang
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                towards
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                xuéxiào
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                school
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                yìzhí
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                straight
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                yòu
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                right (direction)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                zāl
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                then (in commands)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                zhīdao
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                to know
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                zSu
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                to go
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                zuǒ
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                left (direction)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
        </tbody>
      </tgroup>
    </informaltable>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      <inlinemediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-9.jpg" />
        </imageobject>
      </inlinemediaobject>
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      <inlinemediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-10.jpg" />
        </imageobject>
      </inlinemediaobject>
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      (introduced on C-2 and P-2 tapes)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      fāngbian hái bù yídìng J īngguo kāi xuē
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      to be convenient
    </para>
    <para>
      not yet certain
    </para>
    <para>
      by vay of, via
    </para>
    <para>
      school starts
    </para>
    <para>
      (literally, ’’open school&quot;)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <section xml:id="reference-notes">
      <title><anchor id="bookmark20" /><anchor id="bookmark55" />REFERENCE
      NOTES</title>
      <para>
        1. A: Nǐ dào náli qù?
      </para>
      <para>
        B: Wo dào kāfSiting qù.
      </para>
      <para>
        Where are you going?
      </para>
      <para>
        I’m going to a coffeehouse.
      </para>
      <para>
        Notes on No. 1
      </para>
      <para>
        Qu is used as the verb &quot;to go” when there is a destination
        implied or stated, as in ’’going to the country” and ’’going
        somewhere.” The verb zǒu, ”to leave,” is used for sentences such
        as *'l*m going (leaving) now,” W&amp; jciànzài zou le. Wǒ
        xiànzàj qù le means ”l’m going there now,” implying the
        destination &quot;there.&quot;
      </para>
      <para>
        W3 dàc Shanghai qù. I am going to Shanghai.
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā yě qu.                He ia going there too.
      </para>
      <para>
        Because qù is an action verb, it is made negative with bù except
        when you are talking about completed action. Here are some
        examples of qù used, in various aspects:
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā bú qù*
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā zuotiān mei qù.
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā xiànzài bú qù le.
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā mei qùguo.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        He is not going.
      </para>
      <para>
        He did not go yesterday. (COMPLETED ACTION)
      </para>
      <para>
        Now he is not going. (Originally, he was going to go. NEW
        SITUATION)
      </para>
      <para>
        He has never gone there.
      </para>
      <para>
        Dào...qù: In this exchange dào is not the full verb meaning
        &quot;to arrive,” but is the prepositional verb &quot;to.&quot;
        The prepositional verb phrase beginning with dào indicates the
        destination. Notice that prepositional verb phrases in Chinese
        precede the main verb, while in English they
      </para>
      <para>
        rually follow the verb.
      </para>
      <para>
        Ta zài Xianggang zhùle sāntiān.
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīng ni gěí wo huànhuan.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        She stayed in Hong Kong three days.
      </para>
      <para>
        Please change it for me.
      </para>
      <para>
        W5 dào kafēitíng qù.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        I'm going to a coffeehouse.
      </para>
      <para>
        A prepositional verb is always followed by a noun or noun phrase
        that is its object.
      </para>
      <para>
        Kafeitīng, ’’coffeehouse<superscript>11</superscript>: Some
        people say that the coffeehouse was a European concept first
        adopted by the Japanese and then transplanted to Taiwan.
        Coffeehouses in Taiwan are comfortable, leisurely places where a
        person can linger over a cup of something and talk with a friend
        for hours, to a background of recorded light music. Some
        coffeehouses have become quite cosmopolitan, offering a dozen
        kinds of coffee in addition to a variety of fruit drinks and
        soft drinks. Sometimes there may also he a short menu including
        items such as fried rice, noodles, sandwiches, hamburgers, and
        ice cream.
      </para>
      <para>
        2. 3: Nǐ zhīdao bu zhldao Hueměi Kafeiting?
      </para>
      <para>
        A: BÍÌ zhīdāc,
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Do you know of the Hu&amp;něi Coffeehouse?
      </para>
      <para>
        No, I don’t.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        HI’<superscript>1</superscript>- I?
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Notes on No, 2
      </para>
      <para>
        The verb shīdao means ”to know&quot; or &quot;to know of,&quot;
        Another verb, rènshi, also translates into English as &quot;to
        know,” but in the sense of &quot;to be acquainted with,&quot;
        &quot;to recognise.<superscript>1</superscript>’
      </para>
      <para>
        Notice that in the affirmative the verb zhīdao ends in a Neutral
        tone, while in the negative it ends in a Falling tone (bu
        zhīdào),
      </para>
      <para>
        The verb zhīdao is a state verb. State verbs describe qualities
        or conditions (da^ &quot;to be large&quot;; guī, &quot;to be
        expensive”). Knowing (zhídao),, wanting (xiang or y£o), and
        liking (xīhuan) are all considered states. As a state verb,
        shldao can only be made negative with bu (never me i), jShjdao
        can be used with the marker le for new situations.
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā yīqian bù shídao zěnme dao He didn't know how to get here
        zhèr ìāi, xianzāi zhīdao le, before, but now he knows,
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā qùnian hāi bù zhīdāo tā Last year he didn't know that he
        yīhSu yào dào Zhdngguo qù.       would later be going to China.
      </para>
      <para>
        Suámeíī Hus. means &quot;glorious,&quot; It is one of the
        syllables often used to refer to China. The syllable
        nei<subscript>3</subscript> &quot;beautiful,&quot; la used in
        compounds to refer to America (as in MělguST^
      </para>
      <para>
        S EL
      </para>
      <para>
        .0
      </para>
      <para>
        ■e a tours, ie
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        3. A; Dao nail qù, zeime zSuī
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        How do I get there?
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        notes on No. 3
      </para>
      <para>
        Earlier, you learned the verb zǒu as &quot;to leave,’’ In the
        sentence above* to go by way of,” &quot;to take a route.&quot;
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        zou means &quot;to go&quot; in the sense of Zoū also means
        &quot;to walk,&quot;
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā h£í Eiei zou, hāi zài zhèr kan ban ne,
      </para>
      <para>
        Women zKu zhèige men ye keyi.
      </para>
      <para>
        Háizi hái bfj hut zou*
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        He hasn’t left yet. He is still here reading the paper*
      </para>
      <para>
        We can also go through this door.
      </para>
      <para>
        The baby can't yet walk.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Dao nàli qù, zEnme zSuì This sentence consists of a topic,
        dàonàli £Ù* &quot;to go to that place,&quot; followed by a
        question about that topicT zenme zSuī &quot;how do I goī&quot;
        Both the topic and the question have the structure of full
        sentences:
      </para>
      <para>
        ènEhi, I
      </para>
      <para>
        r
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        tone,
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="5">
          <colspec colwidth="20*" align="left" />
          <colspec colwidth="20*" align="left" />
          <colspec colwidth="20*" align="left" />
          <colspec colwidth="20*" align="left" />
          <colspec colwidth="20*" align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Dào
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  nàli
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  ■
                </para>
                <para>
                  qù,
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  zěnme
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  zǒu?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  (To
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  there
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  go,
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  how
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  go?)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        or
      </para>
      <para>
        [dap),
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Translated as &quot;to go,&quot; qù focuses on the destination,
        while zou. focuses on the route taken to get there.
      </para>
      <para>
        C: Céng zhÈH wāng zuS z5u* From here you go to the left, he
      </para>
      <para>
        □a.
      </para>
      <para>
        īotes qnjlo, b
      </para>
      <para>
        used              CĚūg, &quot;from&quot;: Unlike the other
        prepositional verbs you have learned,
      </para>
      <para>
        nds            cī5īig is only rarely used as a full verb in
        modern Chinese, Most frequently*
      </para>
      <para>
        It ìb used prepositionally.
      </para>
      <para>
        Wang, &quot;to,&quot; &quot;towards&quot;: The prepositional
        verbs wang and dào may both fhe translated as &quot;to.&quot;
        Wāng, however, means simply &quot;towards&quot; or &quot;in the
        I direction of,&quot; while dao implies eventual arrival at a
        destination. Wàng &gt;ay also be pronounced wang.
      </para>
      <para>
        Notice that two prepositional verb phrases occur before the main
        verb.
      </para>
      <para>
        PREPOSITIONAL PREPOSITIONAL
      </para>
      <para>
        VERB AND NOUN VERB AND NOUN
      </para>
      <para>
        iá: <emphasis role="smallcaps">ív: </emphasis>EC' = f
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Cfing zhāli
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        vang zuo
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        5. C: Dàole lùkǒu, zāí wÈng ySu z&amp;u.
      </para>
      <para>
        When you have reached the intersection &gt; Then you go to the
        right..
      </para>
      <para>
        Notes on No. 5
      </para>
      <para>
        LÙkSu, ’’intersection’<superscript>1</superscript>: Literally,
        this word means ’’road opening.”
      </para>
      <para>
        Completion -le in the sentence above marks completed action but
        not past tense. It shows the completion of one action in the
        sentence in relation to another hut does not indicate whether
        that action is past, present, or future. In the English
        translation, the time relationship between the two actions is
        indicated by the word &quot;when”: &quot;When you have reached
        the intersection, then you go to the right.&quot; In a more
        formal style, the sentence could be translated as ’’Having
        reached the Intersects you go to the right.&quot;
      </para>
      <para>
        The adverb sal is used for &quot;then&quot; in commands and
        suggestions. It usually indicates the next step in a suggested
        sequence of actions, as in &quot;First you go left, and then,
        when you have reached the intersection, you go right,&quot;
      </para>
      <para>
        Ě. C: DÈole lùkSu, zai wang you When you have reached the
        interae:
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        zou, Jiù dào le.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        tion, then you go to the right and then you’re there.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Notes on No. 6
      </para>
      <para>
        Jiù; You have learned that jiu can mean &quot;right,&quot;
        &quot;precisely,&quot; &quot;just referring to where something
        is, as in Jiu zài shell, &quot;They’re right hen
      </para>
      <para>
        verb.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        ;ersec-
      </para>
      <para>
        .ght.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        You also know that it can mean &quot;immediately,&quot;
        &quot;right away,&quot; as in Wǒ Jiù lāi, &quot;I'll be right
        back.&quot; A third, meaning was introduced: &quot;only,&quot; a
        synonym of zhì, as in Jiù you wǒ fùqin, muqin, &quot;There's
        only my father and mother.&quot; Now you see Jiù used to mean
        &quot;then.&quot; It stresses the immediacy of one thing
        happening after another: &quot;and then right away.&quot;
      </para>
      <para>
        You have learned two words that may be translated as
        &quot;then&quot;: zài and Jiù. However, the two words are not
        used interchangeably. Jiù is used to stress how soon one event
        happened after another. Zāi is used to stress how two actions
        are to be sequenced in time.
      </para>
      <para>
        The marker le in Jiù dao le is combined le.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        ī.&quot;
      </para>
      <para>
        not Ln Bt<subscript>t</subscript> aip nave cal rsecti
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        7. A: Wo xian wàng iuǒ z3u, dui bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        C: Dut le.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        First I go to the left. Is that correct?
      </para>
      <para>
        That's correct.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        It as in n, you
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Notes .on No. 7
      </para>
      <para>
        Xiān, &quot;first,&quot; is an adverb. It must therefore come
        after the subject and before the verb, as in Kt xiān zǒu,
        &quot;You go first,&quot; (in English &quot;first&quot; may be
        placed either before the subject or after the verb, as in
        &quot;First you I go&quot; and &quot;You go first.&quot; But in
        Chinese xiān must be placed between the subject and the verb.)
      </para>
      <para>
        Díyī also means &quot;first,&quot; but dīyī and xiān are not
        interchangeable.
      </para>
      <para>
        1modifies nouns, whereas xiān modifies verbs. Dīyī refers to the
        first in a sequence, in other words, the &quot;number one&quot;
        something-or-other.
      </para>
      <para>
        Xiān refers to doing something first, before doing a second
        thing.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        tersec-ight.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Dur bu dui: This phrase is used when you expect your listener to
        agree with you but want to make sure.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        &quot;Just,' it here
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        DI.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        8, A: Rānhòu ne?
      </para>
      <para>
        C: Ránhòu, dàole lùkou, zāi wāng you 2&lt;5u.
      </para>
      <para>
        Ai Hao, w5 zhīdao le. Xiexie.
      </para>
      <para>
        And after that?
      </para>
      <para>
        After that, when you have reached the intersect ton, then you go
        to the right.
      </para>
      <para>
        Good, I’ve got it now. Thank you.
      </para>
      <para>
        10 U
      </para>
      <para>
        12
      </para>
      <para>
        13. it.
      </para>
      <para>
        15.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Notes on No, 9
      </para>
      <para>
        Bánhou, ’’(and) after that”: When giving directions or
        describing a contemplated series of steps, rSnhBu is often
        followed by zàl.
      </para>
      <para>
        Wo yào dào Xianggang qù        I’m going to go to Hong Kong for
      </para>
      <para>
        santian, ránhou zài qù         three days, and then go to
      </para>
      <para>
        Shanghai,                        Shanghai.
      </para>
      <para>
        Zhídaq_le means ”1 know now” in the sense of '’Before, I didn’t
        know how to get there, but now I know.” (The expression is
        translated into more idiomatic English as ”ī’ve got it now.”)
        The state verb zhīdao plus new-situation le indicate a change
        from not knowing to knowing. Here iB another example of zhīdao
        and new-situation le:
      </para>
      <para>
        WS cSngqiín bù zhīdàc tā zbù aai náli, xíunzài zhīdao le.
      </para>
      <para>
        Before, I didn’t know where he lived, but now I know.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        9. A: Qǐngwèn, cong zheli dao yfhhāng qù, wàng you z3u, dui bu
        dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        D: BÚ shi, cong zheli yizhí zou.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        May ī ask, to get from here to the bank you go to the right, Is
        that correct?
      </para>
      <para>
        No, from here you go straight.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Note on
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        No. 9
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        FT’ I?. ?m la
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Bū shi: Notice that the question In exchange 9 is not answered
        with bu duī. The expression bú duī is as rude in Chinese as
        &quot;you're wrong” is in English (except when a teacher is
        correcting a student).
      </para>
      <para>
        d to
      </para>
      <para>
        iu.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="3">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  10.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  fànguǎnzi (fànguǎnr)
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  restaurant
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  11.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  shāngdiàn
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  store, shop (Taipei)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  12.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  pùzi
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  store, shop (Beijing)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  13.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  xuāxiào
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  school
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Ih.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  fángzi
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  house
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  15.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  xiang
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  towards
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        ,               Notes on Additional Required Vocabulary
      </para>
      <para>
        Fànguanzi, &quot;restaurant&quot;: Fàndiàr. refers to either a
        restaurant or a hoteīT Fànguǎnzi means &quot;restaurant^ The
        usual Beijing version of thia word is fanguǎnr (pronounced as if
        written fàngu&amp;r). The ending -r is used frequently in
        Beijing but in Taiwan is rarely used by Taiwanese speakers of
        Standard Chinese, w
      </para>
      <para>
        Adding -r to a syllable usually causes the pronunciation of the
        base l<superscript>uS</superscript>            syllable to
        change. It will be easier and more practical for you to examine
      </para>
      <para>
        is             each -r word as it is introduced in the course of
        study.
      </para>
      <para>
        You have already learned the word yìdiǎnr, which is actually
        pronounced yìdjǎr. From the examples yidíSinr and fànguanr you
        can see that when -r is added to a syllable that ends with n,
        the /n/ sound disappears
      </para>
      <para>
        | completely.
      </para>
      <para>
        Although adding -r causes pronunciation changes in most
        syllables, these changes are not represented in the Pinyin
        system of romanization.
      </para>
      <para>
        I Pinyin spelling rules state that the ending -r should simply
        be tacked on the           <superscript>at</superscript> the
        <superscript>end</superscript> °? <superscript>a</superscript>
        syllable, regardless of whether or not the pronunciation
      </para>
      <para>
        j               of the base syllable is changed by this
        addition.
      </para>
      <para>
        Xiang, &quot;towards'’: The prepositional verb xiàng may be used
        in most of the same ways that wang is used. You will probably
        hear wàng (w£ng) more I frequently than the literary-sounding
        xiang.
      </para>
      <para>
        Dàole lùkǒu, xiang zuo zou. When you get to the intersection, go
        to the left, ith
      </para>
      <para>
        Dīì
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        A* Expansion Drill
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1, Speaker: Tā qù.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        (cue) xuēxiāo (He la going.}
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2. Wang Tongzht qù.    Jianādà
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3. Tā lāi. zhěli
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        b.  LĪ Xiānsheng qù.    xuexiāo
      </para>
      <para>
        5. Ch&amp;&gt; līuahì lāi,    Beijing
      </para>
      <para>
        É» Gǎo Tongzhì qù,    yúuzhÈngjù
      </para>
      <para>
        7, Sūn Furen qù. nfili
      </para>
    </section>
    <section xml:id="drills">
      <title><anchor id="bookmark9" /><anchor id="bookmark56" />DRILLS</title>
      <para>
        You; Tà dào xuexiāo qù.
      </para>
      <para>
        {He is going to school
      </para>
      <para>
        Wang TĚngzhì lac Jiǎnátó qù Tā dao zhèli lái.
      </para>
      <para>
        LĪ Xiānsheiig aāo xuēxiāo qù Chen īīÙshí dao Běijīng qù.
      </para>
      <para>
        Gao TÚngzhì āao younhùngjú ■ Sūn Fūren dāc nĚli qù?
      </para>
      <para>
        J3. Res pon s e Dr i 11
      </para>
      <para>
        1, Speaker; Tā dao nāli qù?
      </para>
      <para>
        (cue) nàge fan guan zi (Where is he going?)
      </para>
      <para>
        2. Chen Xiānaheng dào nĒli qù?
      </para>
      <para>
        Tāiwān YfnhÉing
      </para>
      <para>
        3* Jiang Taitai dāo nāli qù? xuāxiao
      </para>
      <para>
        I*. Zhāng Xiāoji? dào tiāli qù? nage fùnguǎnxi
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            5. Gāo Xianaheng dao náli qù? wǔguānchù
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            6, Liú Xiānaheng dāo n£li qù?
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        Huáměi Kāfeitīng
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            7, Lín Nubhi dào nfili qù?
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        Gunbin DÙfÙndi&amp;n
      </para>
      <para>
        You; Tá dāo nùge fùīiguānzi qù.
      </para>
      <para>
        (He ia going to that restaurant.)
      </para>
      <para>
        Chén Xiānsheng dào TSivān YÍnhāng qù.
      </para>
      <para>
        Jiāng Tlitai dao xuexiāo qù.
      </para>
      <para>
        īhāng Xíāoji£ dÙo nage fānguÈúizi qù.
      </para>
      <para>
        GSo Xiānaheng dào wùguānchù qù.
      </para>
      <para>
        Liú Xiāneheng dÙo Huaměi KāféitTīig qù.
      </para>
      <para>
        LÍn Nūshī dèo Gunbin pàfIndian qù.
      </para>
      <para>
        C. Transformation Drill
      </para>
      <para>
        1, Speaker: Nl zhīdao nèige shāngdiàn na?
      </para>
      <para>
        (Do you know of that store?)
      </para>
      <para>
        2. NÍ zhidao nèige xuéxiào ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā zhidao Taiwan Yínhāng ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        K. Lin Xiānsheng zhldao nèige shāngdiàn ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        M Wang Tàitai zhīdao zhège fànguǎnzi ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        É. Yáng Xiǎojiě zhīdao YuānBhān Dàfàndian ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        7. Zhao Xiānsheng zhīdao Jīnrì Gōngsī ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        You: Nī zhidao bu zhidao nèige shāngdiàn?
      </para>
      <para>
        (Do you know of that store or not?)
      </para>
      <para>
        Nī zhidao bu zhidao nèige xuexiào?
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā zhidao bu zhidao Taiwan Yínhāng?
      </para>
      <para>
        Lfn Xiānsheng zhidao bu zhidao nèige shāngdiàn?
      </para>
      <para>
        Wāng Tàitai zhidao bu zhidao zhège fànguānzi?
      </para>
      <para>
        Yang Xiǎojiě zhidao bu zhidao Yuánshān Dàfàndian?
      </para>
      <para>
        Zhāo Xiānsheng zhidao bu zhidao Jīnrì GōngBĪ?
      </para>
      <para>
        it,) lù.
      </para>
      <para>
        L
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            D. Response Drill
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1. Speaker: īìǐ zhidao bu zhidao Huāměi Kāfēitīng? (cue) yes
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        (Do you know of the Huāměi Coffeehouse?)
      </para>
      <para>
        OR Nī zhīdao bu zhidao Huāměi Kāfēitīng? (cue) no
      </para>
      <para>
        (Do you know of the Huāměi Coffeehouse?)
      </para>
      <para>
        You: Zhīdao, Huāměi Kāfēitīng zàl wǒmen nàr.
      </para>
      <para>
        (Yes, the Huāměi Coffeehouse is over there by us.)
      </para>
      <para>
        Duìbuqī, wǒ bù zhīdào.
      </para>
      <para>
        (I’m sorry, I don't know Lit].)
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2. Nī zhidao bu zhidao Díyī Gōngsī? no
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3. Hī zhídao bu zhidao wǔguānchù? yes
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        t. Nī zhídao bu zhidao Taiwan Dàxué? no
      </para>
      <para>
        Duìbuqī, wǒ bù zhīdào.
      </para>
      <para>
        Zhīdao, wǔguānchù zài wSmen nàr.
      </para>
      <para>
        Duìbuqī, wǒ bù zhīdào.
      </para>
      <para>
        5. Nī zhīdao bu zhidao Měiguo Xīnwēnchù? yes
      </para>
      <para>
        6. Nī zhīdao bu zhidao nàge fànguǎnzi? no
      </para>
      <para>
        Zhīdao, Měiguo Xīnwénchù zài women nàr.
      </para>
      <para>
        Duìbuqī, vǒ bù zhīdao.
      </para>
      <para>
        E. Expansion Drill
      </para>
      <para>
        1. Speaker: Dào nàli qù. (Go there.)
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        2. Dào fànguǎnzi qù.
      </para>
      <para>
        3. Dào yǒuzhèngjú qù.
      </para>
      <para>
        U. Dào shāngdiàn qù..
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            5. Dào Taiwan Dàxué qù.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            6. Dào Měiguo Xīnwénchù qù.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            7. Dào Huāměi Kāfsiting qù.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        You: Qīngwàn, dào nàli qù, zěnme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        (May I ask, how do I get there?)
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, dào fànguǎnzi qù, zěnme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, dào yóuzhěngjú qù, zěnme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, dào shāngdiàn qù, zěnme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, dào Taiwan Dàxué qù, zěnme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, dào Měiguo Xīnwénchù qù, zěnme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, dào Huamei Kāfeitīng qù, zěnme zou?
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            F. Transformation Drill
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1. Speaker: Ni zhīdao dào Huáměi Kǎfēitīng qù zenme zou ma?
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        (Do you know how to get to the Huǎměi Coffeehouse ?)
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2. Nī zhīdao dào Taiwan Yínháng qù zěnme zǒu ma?
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3. Nǐ zhīdao dào nàge fànguǎnzi qù zěnme zǒu ma7
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        Ní zhīdao dào neige shāngdiàn qù zěnme zǒu ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        5. Nī zhīdao dào nàge xuěxiào qù zěnme zǒu ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        6* Nī zhīdao dào kǎfēitīng qù zěnme zǒu ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        7. NĪ zhīdao dào wǔguānchù qù zenme zǒu ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        You: Nī zhīdao bu zhidao dào Huáměi Kǎfēitīng qù zenme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        (Do you know how to get to the Huáměi Coffeehouse or not?)
      </para>
      <para>
        Nī zhīdao bu zhidao dào Taiwan Yínháng qù zěnme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        Nī zhīdao bu zhidao dào nàge fànguǎnzi qù zěnme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        NĪ zhīdao bu zhidao dào neige shāngdiàn qù zenme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        Nī zhidao bu zhidao dào nàge xuéxiào qù zěnme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        NĪ zhīdao bu zhidao dào kǎfēitīng qù zěnme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        Nī zhīdao bu zhidao dào wǔguānchù qù zěnme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        Expansion Drill
      </para>
      <para>
        Speaker: Xiān vang zuǒ zǒu, zài wàng you zǒu.
      </para>
      <para>
        (cue) lùkǒu
      </para>
      <para>
        (First go to the left; then go to the right.)
      </para>
      <para>
        Xian wàng you zǒu, zài wàng zuǒ zou. Dūnhuà LÙ
      </para>
      <para>
        Xiān yìzhí zǒu, zài wàng zuǒ zǒu. Zhongshān Běilù
      </para>
      <para>
        Xian wàng zuǒ zǒu, zài wàng you zǒu. dìèrge lùkǒu
      </para>
      <para>
        You: Xiān wàng zuǒ zǑu, dàole lùkǒu zài wàng you zǒu.
      </para>
      <para>
        (First go to the left; when you get to the comer, go to the
        right.)
      </para>
      <para>
        Xiān wàng you zǒu, dàole Dūnhuà Lù zài wàng zuǒ zǒu.
      </para>
      <para>
        Xiān yìzhí zǒu, dàole Zhōngshān Běilù zài wàng zuo zǒu.
      </para>
      <para>
        Xiān wàng zuǒ zou, dàole dìerge lùkǒu zài wàng you zou.
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            5. Xiān wàng you zou, zài vàng zuǒ
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        zǒu.    dìsānge lùkǒu
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            6. Xiān yìzhí zǒu, zài vang you zǒu.    Zhōnghuā Lù
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            7. Xiān wāng zuǒ zǒu, zài wāng yǒu
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        zSu.    Renài Lù
      </para>
      <para>
        Xiān vāng you zǒu, dàole dìsānge lùkǒu zài wāng zuǒ zǒu.
      </para>
      <para>
        Xiān yìzhí zǒu, dàole Zhǒnghua Lù zài wàng you zǒu.
      </para>
      <para>
        Xian wāng zuo zǒu, dāole Rénài Lù zài wàng you zǒu.
      </para>
      <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-11.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-12.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
      </para>
      <para>
        Wǒ y
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            H. Expansion Drill
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1. Speaker: Cōng zhèli yìzhí zǒu, duì bu dui?
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        (cue) nàli
      </para>
      <para>
        (You go straight from here. Is that correct?)
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2. Cōng zhèli wāng zuǒ zou, duì bu dui? nī Jia
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3. Cōng zhèli yìzhí zǒu, duì bu dui? fànguānzi
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        You: Cōng zhèli dào nàli qù, yìzhí zǒu, duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        (To get iron: here to there you go straight. Is that correct?)
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Wǒ
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Cōng zhèli dào ní Jiā qù, vang zuǒ       H   ' - •-
      </para>
      <para>
        zǒu, duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        Cōng zhèli dào fànguānzi qù, yìzhí      H Uí
      </para>
      <para>
        zǒu, duì bu dui?                                    i
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        U. Cōng zhèli wàng you zǒu, duì bu dui?    kāfēitìng
      </para>
      <para>
        5. Cóng zhèli wàng zuǒ zǒu, duì bu dui?    yóuzhēngjú
      </para>
      <para>
        6. Cōng zhèli yìzhí zǒu, duì bu dui? wǔguānchù
      </para>
      <para>
        ?. Cong zhèli wàng ydu zSu, duì bu dui? xuéxiào
      </para>
      <para>
        Cóng zhèli dào kafēitìng qù, wang you zǒu, duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        Cōng zhèli dào yōuzhèngjū qù, wàng zuo zǒu, duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        Cóng zheli dào vuguānchù qù, yìzhí zǒu, duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        Cōng zhèli dào xuéxiào qù, wàng you zǒu, duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        I. Response Drill
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1. Speaker: Wo zhīdao Hnaměi Kāfēitīng.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        (cue) yBu
      </para>
      <para>
        (I know of the Huaměi Coffeehouse.)
      </para>
      <para>
        You: ^īngwèn, cèng zhèli dào Huirei Kāfēitīng qù vang yùu zǒu,
        dul<superscript>-</superscript> Lu dux 7
      </para>
      <para>
        (May I aíik, you go to the right tc get to the Huāměi
        Coffeehouse. Is that correct?)
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2. Wo íibīdac nàge fànguai.zi, zuǒ
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, cSiig zhèli dào tiàge fànguānzi, qù vang zuo zǑu, dui
        bu duiī
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3. Wǒ zhídao nàge yǒuzhengjG. you
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, c6ng zhèli dào nàge yǒuzhèngjú qù wāng you zǒu, dui bu
        dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        1U
      </para>
      <para>
        •ct?J             Wǒ zhīdao TÉiwan Yínhāng.
      </para>
      <para>
        zuo
      </para>
      <para>
        QĪngwèn, c6ng zhèli dào Taiwan YÍnhāng qù wāng zuǒ zǒu, duì bu
        dui?
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        5. Wǒ zhīdao wuguānchù. yìzhí
      </para>
      <para>
        6. Wǒ zhīdao MǑlguo xuexiào. zuǒ
      </para>
      <para>
        Wǒ zhīdao nàge shāngdiàn yìzhí
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, cong zhèli dào wuguānchù qù yìzhí zǒu, duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, cócg zhèli dào Meiguo xuéxiào qù wang zuǒ zǒu, duì bu
        dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn. cǒng zhèli dào nàge shāngdiàn qù yìzhí zǒu, duì bu dul?
      </para>
      <para>
        Response Drill
      </para>
      <para>
        Speaker: Wǒ zhīdao Hu&amp;něi Kāfēitīng. (cue) zěnme zou
      </para>
      <para>
        (I know of the Huámei Coffeehouse.)
      </para>
      <para>
        OR Wǒ zhīdao Huéměi Kāfēitīng. (cue) yǒu
      </para>
      <para>
        (I know of the Huaměi Coffeehouse.)
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        You: Qīngwèn, dào Huámei Kāfēitīng qù zěmne zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        (May I ask, how do I get to the Huámei Coffeehouse?)
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, cǒng zhèli dào Huāměi Kāfēitīng qù, wàng you zǒu, duì
        bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        (May I ask, I go to the right from here to get to the Huaměi
        Coffeehouse. Is that correct?)
      </para>
      <para>
        2. Wo zhīdao nàge xuéxiào, zěnme zǒu
      </para>
      <para>
        3. W3 zhīdao nàge shangdian, zuǒ
      </para>
      <para>
        U. Wǒ zhīdao TÉiwĒn Yínháng. you
      </para>
      <para>
        5* Wo zhīdao wǔguānchù, zěnme zǒu
      </para>
      <para>
        6. Wǒ zhīdao nàge fànguānzi. zuǒ
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, dào nàge xuéxiào qù zěnme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        QĪngwèn, cSng zhèli dào nàge shàngdiàn wàng zuǒ zǒu, duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, eéng zhèli dào Taiwan Yínháng qù, wàng y&amp;u zǒu, duì
        bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, dào wǔguānchù qù zěnme zǒu?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, cóng zhèli dào nàge fànguānzi qù wàng zuo zǒu, duì bu
        dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-13.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
      </para>
      <para>
        Interior of a luncheon stand off the beaten path in Ēhànghǎi
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        UNIT 2
      </para>
      <para>
        iui?
      </para>
      <section xml:id="reference-list-1">
        <title><anchor id="bookmark57" /><anchor id="bookmark58" />REFERENCE
        LIST</title>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1. A: Dōngdǎn Diànyīngyuàn shi bu shi zài zhèr fùjìn?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              B: Shi. Zai zhèr fùjìn.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2, A: Nī zhidao diànyīngyuàn fùjìn you meiyou yínhǎng?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              B: Yōu. Diànyīngyuàn fùjìn yōu (yige) yínháng.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. A: Hl zhīdao bu zhidao yínháng Bhánme Bhíhou guǎn mĒn?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              U. A: Cōng zher dào nàr qù, aSmne zou?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              B: Chúle zhèige fàndiàn wàng dong z3u.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              5. B: Dàole dìèrge lùkour, beibianr shi Dōngdǎn
              Càishichǎng, Nǎnbianr shi Dōngdǎn Qōngyuǎn.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              6. B: Diànyīngyuàn jiù zài Dōngdǎn Càishichǎngde xībianr.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              7. * A: Wǒ chūle zhēige fàndiàn wàng dong z3u, duì bu dui?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              B: Duì le.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              8.* A: Hao, beibianr shi Dōngdǎn Càishichǎng. Nánbianr ne?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              B: Nánbianr shi DōngdSn Gōngyuán.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              9.* A: Diànyīngyuàn Jiù zài càishichǎngde xībianr shì bu
              shi?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              B: Shì.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              •This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          Is the Dōngdǎn Movie Theater in this area?
        </para>
        <para>
          Yes. It’s in this area.
        </para>
        <para>
          Do you know whether there is a bank in the vicinity of the
          theater?
        </para>
        <para>
          Yes. There is a bank in the vicinity of the movie theater.
        </para>
        <para>
          Do you know at what tine the bank closes?
        </para>
        <para>
          How do I get there from here?
        </para>
        <para>
          When you have gone out of the hotel, walk to the east.
        </para>
        <para>
          When you have reached the second intersection, on the north
          side is the Dōngdǎn Market, On the south side is Dōngdǎn Park.
        </para>
        <para>
          The movie theater is Just on the west side of the Dōngdǎn
          Market.
        </para>
        <para>
          When I have gone out of the hotel, I walk to the east. Is that
          correct?
        </para>
        <para>
          That’s correct.
        </para>
        <para>
          Okay, on the north side is the Dōngdǎn Market. How about on
          the south side?
        </para>
        <para>
          On the south side is Dōngdǎn Park,
        </para>
        <para>
          The movie theater is Just on the west side of the market, is
          that it?
        </para>
        <para>
          Yes.
        </para>
        <para>
          only.
        </para>
        <para>
          10. A: Qù kàn diānyīng yīqiín w3 xiān qù kàn yíge péngyou.
        </para>
        <para>
          11. A: F&amp;nliàa lībianr ySu meiyou nùi táugde?
        </para>
        <para>
          B: You. Y3u yige xiSomaibù, Zài nèibianr.
        </para>
        <para>
          Before I go to see the movie, I am first going to visit a
          friend.
        </para>
        <para>
          Is there a place to buy candy in the hot el 7
        </para>
        <para>
          Yes. There’s a variety shop. It’s over there.
        </para>
        <para>
          ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and P-1
          tapes)
        </para>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="4">
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    12.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    vàibianr
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    (wàibian)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    outside
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    13.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    yǐhcu
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    after
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    1U,
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    ySublanr
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    (yāubian)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    right aide
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    15.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    zuobianr
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    (zuSbian)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    left side
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    16.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    xiXoxuě
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    elementary school
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    17.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    zhŌngxuě
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    middle school (the equivalent of Junior and senior
                    high school)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        <para>
          Oi &gt;i
        </para>
        <para>
          N
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          <anchor id="bookmark59" />MAPS FOR C-1 TAPE
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          DISPLAY I
        </para>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-14.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-15.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          DISPLAY II
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          DISPLAY III
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          DISPLAY V
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          PARK
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          XX
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          □ HOUSE
        </para>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-16.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
        <para>
          DISPLAY IV
        </para>
        <para>
          VARIETY SHOP
        </para>
        <para>
          THEATER
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          O SMALL SHOP
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          RESTAURANT
        </para>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-17.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          0THEATER HO STORE
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-18.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          <emphasis role="smallcaps">bankD</emphasis>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          MARKET
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          VOCABULARY
        </para>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="2">
            <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
            <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    bSi běibian(r) -bianr (-bian}
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    north
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    north side
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    side, edge (used in place words)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    càishichǎng
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    market
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    chū
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    to go out, to exit
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    diànyǐng(r)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    movie, film
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    diSnyīngyuàn
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    movie theater
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    dōng
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    east
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    dongbian(r)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    east aide
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Dōngdān
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    (a neighborhood in Beijing)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    fùjìn
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    area, vicinity
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    gòngyuÈn
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    park
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    11
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    inside, in
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    lībianr (líbian)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    inside
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    nán
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    south
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    nānbian(r)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    south side
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    tang
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    candy, sugar
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    wāibianr (wāibian)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    outside
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Wāngfǔjíng Dājiē
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    WSngfujīng Boulevard (BĚijīng)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    xī
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    west
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    xiaomàibù
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    variety shop
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    xiǎoxué
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    elementary school
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    xībian(r)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    west side
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    yīhāu
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    after
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    yīqian
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    before
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    ySubianr (y&amp;ubian)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    right side
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    zhóngxué
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    middle school (the equivalent of junior and senior
                    high school)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    zuǒbianr (zuōbian)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    left side
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        <para>
          (introduced on C-2 and P-2 tapes)
        </para>
        <para>
          bānshìchù
        </para>
        <para>
          office
        </para>
        <para>
          gòu
        </para>
        <para>
          to be enough
        </para>
        <para>
          guSle lùkǒur
        </para>
        <para>
          having passed the intersection
        </para>
        <para>
          nà
        </para>
        <para>
          well, then
        </para>
        <para>
          re
        </para>
        <para>
          to he hot
        </para>
        <para>
          zǒuzou
        </para>
        <para>
          to take a walk
        </para>
        <para>
          Euīhǎo
        </para>
        <para>
          it would be best that
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-19.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
        <para>
          1:; city gate at Sūahōu
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          jjjj
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      </section>
      <section xml:id="reference-notes-1">
        <title><anchor id="bookmark32" /><anchor id="bookmark60" />REFERENCE
        NOTES</title>
        <para>
          1. A: Dōngdān Diànyíngyuèr, shi bu shi zaí zhèr fùjín?
        </para>
        <para>
          B: Shi. Z&amp;i zhèr fujín.
        </para>
        <para>
          Is the Dōngdān Movie Theater in this area?
        </para>
        <para>
          Yes, It’s in this area.
        </para>
        <para>
          Notes on Ho, 1
        </para>
        <para>
          Dōngdǎn is the name of a district in Beijing to the east and
          south of the Palace Museum (Gùgōng Bowuyuān}, at the
          intersection of Dong Chángān Jiē and Dōngdǎn Běi Dàjiě.(See
          map of Beijing preceding the Target Lists.
        </para>
        <para>
          Literally, diànyǐngyuan means ’’electric-shadow hall,”
        </para>
        <para>
          Zhèr fùjcn has the structure of a possessive phrase:
        </para>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-20.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          3.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="3">
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    zhèr
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    (-de)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    fùjìn
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    f here
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    <emphasis role="smallcaps">'e</emphasis>
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    vicinity)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          (The marker -de is often omitted in phrases of relative
          location.)
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-21.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          2. A: líī zhídao diànyíngyuàn fujīn you meiyou yínhǎng?
        </para>
        <para>
          B: You. Diànyǐngyuàn fùjìn you (yige) yínhang.
        </para>
        <para>
          Bo you know whether there is a bank in the vicinity of the
          movie theater?
        </para>
        <para>
          Yes. There is fl bank in the vicinitj of the movie theater.
        </para>
        <para>
          Note on No, 2
        </para>
        <para>
          Nī zhidao,<subscript>t</subscript>.you meiyou yíhárigī could
          also be translated as <superscript>lf</superscript>Do you know
          if there’s a bank...?” When you want to ask &quot;whether/if”
          in Chinese, use a yes/no-choice question.
        </para>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="2">
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Wo bù zhīdao
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    tā lái bu lāi.
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    (I don’t know
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    whether/if he’s coming.)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        <para>
          Notice that in English the ’beginning of the first sentence in
          exchange 2 is in question form: &quot;Do you know...7&quot;
          But the Chinese is in statement form: Nī zhīdao.■■. To be
          perfectly logical, the Chinese would use either the question
          form nī zhīdao bu zhidao.._. or nī zhīūao., .ma? But if these
          .°*           forms were used, the sentence would sound
          awkward, or even ungrammatical,
        </para>
        <para>
          IE- , to many speakers.
        </para>
        <para>
          Lets, ì
        </para>
        <para>
          j. A: Nī zhīdao bu zhidao yínhāng shénme shíhou guān men?
        </para>
        <para>
          Do you know closes?
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          at what time the bank
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Bote on No. 3
        </para>
        <para>
          Nī zhīdao bu zhidao: To ask &quot;Do you
          know...?<superscript>1</superscript>’ in a question-word
          question, nǐ zhīdao bu zhidao and nī zhīdao...ma? are
          preferred. Nī zhīdao may also occur, especially in long or
          complex questions.
        </para>
        <para>
          bank
        </para>
        <para>
          Nī
        </para>
        <para>
          zhīdao
        </para>
        <para>
          bu zhidao
        </para>
        <para>
          tā zài nǎr?
        </para>
        <para>
          &quot;Do you know where he is?<superscript>1</superscript>'
        </para>
        <para>
          (YOU
        </para>
        <para>
          know
        </para>
        <para>
          or not
        </para>
        <para>
          he
        </para>
        <para>
          la where?)
        </para>
        <para>
          cir.it™
        </para>
        <para>
          •
        </para>
        <para>
          Nī
        </para>
        <para>
          zhīdao
        </para>
        <para>
          tā zài nǎr
        </para>
        <para>
          ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          (You
        </para>
        <para>
          know
        </para>
        <para>
          he is where?)
        </para>
        <para>
          &quot;Do you know where he is?”
        </para>
        <para>
          1». A: Cong zher dào war qù, zěnme zou?
        </para>
        <para>
          B: Chūle zhàige fàndiàn wàng dong zǒu.
        </para>
        <para>
          How do I get there from here?
        </para>
        <para>
          When you have gone out of the hotel, walk to the east.
        </para>
        <para>
          tc
        </para>
        <para>
          he
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Notes on No, h
        </para>
        <para>
          Chū, &quot;to go out,” <superscript>1l</superscript>to
          exit&quot;: This verb is usually not used alone, but is
          followed by an object (chū menr, &quot;go out the door”) or
          used in compound verbs such as chūqu, ”to go out.&quot;
          (Compound verbs are introduced in the next unit.) To say that
          you are going out without specifying the place, you may use Wǒ
          zou le, &quot;I’m leaving,”
        </para>
        <para>
          2hèige: In the second sentence in exchange U, zheige is
          ’unstressed. It is translated as ’’the,&quot; not as
          &quot;this.&quot; In Chinese, unstressed zheige and neige are
          used more frequently than &quot;this&quot; and
          &quot;that&quot; are used in English. It is often better to
          translate zhèige or nàige as &quot;the.&quot; (Remember,
          however, that &quot;the&quot; is not always expressed by a
          word in Chinese, as in Yínháng shēnme shíhou guan měn?
          &quot;What time does the bank close?&quot;)
        </para>
        <para>
          5. B: Dàole dìàrge lùkǒur, běibianr shi Dōngdǎn
          CàiEhich&amp;ng. Nǎnbianr shi Dōngdǎn Gōngyuǎn,
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          When you have reached the second intersection, on the north
          side is the Dōngdǎn Market. On the south side is Dōngdǎn Park.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Notes on No. 5
        </para>
        <para>
          The element -bianr (-bian) means &quot;side.&quot; When it is
          added to a direction word, the word becomes a place name. For
          instance, beihianr is a noun and names a place, as in
          Diànyīngyuàn zài nàige fàndiàn běibianr, &quot;The movie
          theater is on the north side of that hotel?' Del, on the other
          hand, names a direction, and is the form usually used
          with~wang, &quot;towards&quot;: Nī wàng bei zǒu, &quot;You go
          to the north,&quot; The other direction words (dong, nǎr., xx,
          zuo, end you) may also be used as the name of a place (in
          conbina-i tion with -bianr) and as the name of a direction.
          Remember that the ending -bianr is pronounced as if it were
          written -biar. (See Unit 1, Notes on Additional Required
          Vocabulary.)
        </para>
        <para>
          Beibianr, nǎnbianr: These location words are nouns (acting as
          topics)| in Chinese. They are translated into English as
          prepositional phrases (acting as adverbs).
        </para>
        <para>
          Góngyuán literally means ’'public garden.&quot; tone between
          yuan, &quot;garden,&quot; and yuan, &quot;hall,” hall.&quot;)
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          (Notice the difference in as in dianyīngyuān, &quot;movie
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          but und
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          ■e
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          .nese,
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          i
        </para>
        <para>
          ìe
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          rec-
        </para>
        <para>
          &quot;The hand, líǐ
        </para>
        <para>
          ,bina-
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Càishichǎng; you will find the including chicken
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Below, in the diagram of a large càlshichǎqg in Beijing
          following sections: shūcSi (vegetables), denial (eggs, eggs,
          duck eggs , salted duck eggs, and &quot;thousand-year-
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          old<superscript>11</superscript> eggs), dòuzhìpīn (bean
          products like bean curd, dried bean curd, bean-curd skin,
          deep-fried bean curd, &quot;smelly&quot; bean curd, fermented
          bean curd, bean noodles, fermented black beans, etc.),
          tiáowĚipīn (apices and flavorings), guàntou (canned goods),
          tfogguS (candy), yin (cigarettes)■, jiu (wines and liquors),
          jiangcài (pickled vegetables), niúyángròu (beef and lamb,
          available mostly to Moslems), ròulèi (pork, pork ribs, ground
          pork, and pork lard), jī (chicken), yā (duck) , and hǎixián
          (seafood).
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-22.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          □I.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              6, B: Diǎayīngyuǎn jiù sài Dōngdǎn Caishichangde xībianr.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          The movie theater is just on the west side of the Dōngdǎn
          Market.
        </para>
        <para>
          Notes on Ho. ě
        </para>
        <para>
          Jiù, &quot;right&quot;exactly,” &quot;just&quot;: In earlier
          material this word was translated as &quot;right.&quot; In
          this sentence, Jiù is translated as &quot;just,” to avoid
          confusion with the direction &quot;right&quot; (you).
        </para>
        <para>
          Net
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Dōngdǎn Càishichǎngàe xībianr, &quot;the west side of the
          Dóngdāu Market,&quot;
        </para>
        <para>
          or, more literally, &quot;the Dōngdǎn Markets west side&quot;?
          Notice that this       B    sa-long modifying phrase is marked
          with -āe, in contrast to zher fùjìn.          ^B -
        </para>
        <para>
          Direction words: The conventional Chinese order for the points
          on the compass is dong, nan, xī, bed, &quot;east, south, west,
          north,'<superscript>1</superscript> Direction names are a part
          of many Chinese place names. Here are some examples:
        </para>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="2">
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Húběi
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    &quot;North of the [Dongtíng] lake&quot;
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    HúnSn
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    &quot;South of the {Dfiogtíngi lake&quot;
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Hēběi
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    &quot;North of the [Yellow] river&quot;
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    HĒnán
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    &quot;South of the [Yellow] river&quot;
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Shandong
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    &quot;East of the (TǎihǎngJ mountains
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Shǎnxī
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    &quot;West of the (Tàihǎng} mountains
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Beijing
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    &quot;Northern capital'<superscript>1</superscript>
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Nānj īng
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    &quot;Southern capital&quot;
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Tāibei
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    &quot;Taiwan North”
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Tǎinǎn
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    &quot;Taiwan South&quot;
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              7. A: Wo chūle zhěige fandian wang dong zǒu, dui bu dui 7
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          B1 Duì le.
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              8. A: Hǎo, běibianr shi Dōngdǎn Caishichang. Nánbianr ne?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          Ē: Nánbianr shi Dōngdǎn Gongyuan.
        </para>
        <para>
          When I have gone out of the hotel, I walk to the east. la that
          correctī
        </para>
        <para>
          That’s correct.
        </para>
        <para>
          Okay, on the north side is the Dongdǎn Market. Hew about on
          the south side?
        </para>
        <para>
          On the south side is Dōngdǎn Park.
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              9. A: Diànyīngyuàn Jiù zài càishichǎngde xībianr shi bu
              shi?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              B: Shi.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          The movie theater is Just on the west side of the market, is
          that it?
        </para>
        <para>
          Yes.
        </para>
        <para>
          to
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Notes on Nos, 7-9
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          it
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Location words, and shi, yōu, and zài: Shi, yōu, and zài are
          translated into English as some form of the verb &quot;to
          be.<superscript>11</superscript> The English translations ray
          mask the differences in meaning among the three verbs. Shi is
          used for identity, zài is used for location; and yěu is used
          for existence.
        </para>
        <para>
          .on
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          REFERENCE LIST TRANSLATION LITERAL TRANSLATION
        </para>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="3">
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Běibianr shi Dōngdǎn Càishichang.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    (On the north side is the Dōngdǎn Market.)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    (The north side is the Dōngdǎn Market.)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Diànyīngyuàn zài Càishichǎngde xibianr.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    (The movie theater is on the west side of the
                    market.)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    (The movie theater is located on the market’s west
                    side.)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    ‘■■’àndiàn libianr ySu yige xiǎomàibù.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    (There’s a variety shop in the hotel,)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    (Inside the hotel exists a variety shop.)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        <para>
          In the first example, it is possible to say Běibianr shi
          Dongdǎn Zbishichang because the market occupies the whole
          north aide of the street. You would probably not phrase the
          sentence this way if you were talking about the location of a
          telephone booth or a newsstand.
        </para>
        <para>
          Notice the difference in word order between sentences with shi
          and sentences with zài.
        </para>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="3">
            <colspec colwidth="33*" align="left" />
            <colspec colwidth="33*" align="left" />
            <colspec colwidth="33*" align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Běibianr
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    shi
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Dongdǎn Càishichang. -t--------------------
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Dōngdǎn Càishichang
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    zài
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    -
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    běibianr.
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        <para>
          ZTE,
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          10. A: Qù kàn diànyīng yíqi&amp;n, wo xian qù kàn yige
          pengyou.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Before I go to see the movie, I am first going to visit a
          friend.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Motes on No. j,ū
        </para>
        <para>
          Qù kàn: The verb qù, like the verb lai, is frequently followed
          by &amp; phrase expressing the purpose of the action.
        </para>
        <para>
          YiqiĚn, ’’before”: Notice that in Chinese yīqián conies at the
          end of the clause, while in English
          ’’before'<superscript>1</superscript> comes at the beginning.
        </para>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-23.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="2">
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    kan di any ī ng
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    yīqiān
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="2">
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    before
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    I see the movie
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        <para>
          Yige: When the word yíge is stressed., it means &quot;one.”
          When the word is unstressed or toneless, it means ”a&quot; or
          &quot;an.&quot;
        </para>
        <para>
          LI. A: Fàndiàr, lībianr you meiyou mài tángde?
        </para>
        <para>
          B: You. You yige xiǎomàibù, Zài nèibianr.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Is there a place to buy candy in the hotel?
        </para>
        <para>
          Yes. There’s a variety shop. It's over there.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Notes on No. 11
        </para>
        <para>
          ràndijn lībianr you...? This question illustrates another way
          in which sentences containing zài and you may differ: Eài
          allows the noun to be placed at the beginning of the sentence,
          making the noun DEFINITE. You allows the noun to be placed at
          the end of the sentence, making the noun INDEFINITE. In
          English, &quot;a/an” and &quot;the” express the idea of
          indefinite and definite. In Chinese, word order is used to
          express the same idea.
        </para>
        <para>
          Xiǎomàibù zai fàndiàn          The variety shop is in the
          hotel,
        </para>
        <para>
          lībianr.
        </para>
        <para>
          Fàndiàn lǐbianr you (yige) Inside the hotel there is a_variety
          xiǎomàibù.                      shop.
        </para>
        <para>
          Unless otherwise specified, a noun before the verb is never
          indefinite:
        </para>
        <para>
          Canting zài nǎr?        Where is the dining room?
          (<subscript>DĪ;FINI</subscript>m<subscript>E</subscript>ì
        </para>
        <para>
          Canting zài zhèr.       The dining room is here.
        </para>
        <para>
          An indefinite noun is normally placed after the verb:
        </para>
        <para>
          NSr yíu cāntǐ^?        Jftere 1. there » dining rogst
        </para>
        <para>
          Zher you canting. There is a dining room nere.
        </para>
        <para>
          Mài tfingde, &quot;a place to buy candy,” or, more literally,
          &quot;one that sells candy”C The noun modified by this phrase
          has been left off the end of the phrase. This expression is
          understood to refer to either the person who does something or
          the place where something is done. Mai t_fing.de could be
          translated in exchange 11 as &quot;candy seller” or
          &quot;candy counter”” In some other context it might refer to
          a &quot;candy store” or a &quot;candy department.&quot;
          (Notice that the English asks where you can BUY something, but
          the Chinese equivalent asks where something is SOLD.)
        </para>
        <para>
          Xiǎomàibù, &quot;variety shop,” is a small shop inside a
          building. In a museum the shop would sell cigarettes, sweet
          buns, and soda. In a hotel it would sell a wide variety of
          goods, including souvenirs, soap, thermoses, socks, fruit,
          bread, and wine.
        </para>
        <para>
          to
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="3">
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    12.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    wàibianr (wàibien)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    outside
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    13.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    yǐhou
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    after
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    11*.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    yòubianr (youbian)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    right side
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    15.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    zuSbianr (zuobian)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    left side
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    ■16
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    xiǎoxue
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    elementary school
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    17.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    zhōngxufi
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    middle school (the equivalent of
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        <para>
          junior and senior high school)
        </para>
        <para>
          jyctes on Additional Required Vocabulary
        </para>
        <para>
          Yīhou, &quot;after,” is used in the same position in a
          sentence as yīqian, &quot;before.”
        </para>
        <para>
          Tā mǎile dongxi ylhòu, zài After he has bought some things, qù
          kàn pengyou,                 he will go to see a friend.
        </para>
        <para>
          r. the Money Module, Unit U, you learned that completion le is
          placed .irectly after the verb if the amount of the sentence
          object is specified, nt is placed at the end of the sentence
          if the amount is not stated.
        </para>
        <para>
          AMOUNT UNSPECIFIED: Wǒ mSi fānwǎn le, I bought rice bowls,
          AMOUNT SPECIFIED: Wǒ mails Bhīge fanwan, I bought ten rice
          bowls.
        </para>
        <para>
          be
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          In the example for yīhSu, le is used in another setting, the
          dependent clause of a sentence. In this case, the marker le is
          placed directly after the verb, whether or not the amount of
          the object is stated.
        </para>
        <para>
          Malle shū. yīhou, tā jiù zǒu After be bought the books, he
          left, le.
        </para>
        <para>
          31
        </para>
        <para>
          (2 or tì
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Mǎile wuběn shū yīhou, tā After he bought five books, he
          left-jiù sǒu le.
        </para>
        <para>
          ZuǑbianr, yǒubianr: In English, we generally assign left and
          right from the point of view of the observer: &quot;As you
          look at the two buildings, the movie theater will be on the
          (your) left, and the market will be on the (your) right,” It
          is common for Chinese to assign left and right from the point
          of view of the object itself. For instance, the theater shown
          below might be described in Chinese as being on the right side
          of the market.
        </para>
        <para>
          THEATER—fa
        </para>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-24.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          ir ora the point of view of the market, with the entrance as
          its ’’front side,&quot; the theater is indeed located on the
          market's right.
        </para>
        <para>
          The same difference shows up in describing the relative
          locations of people or places in a photograph. In English,
          most people would say that Comrade LĪ is to the left of
          Comrade He. in the picture below. In Chinese, many people
          would say Lī Tǒngzhì zai Ma Tongzhtde yǒubianr.
        </para>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-25.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
        <para>
          Li Tongzhì
        </para>
        <para>
          Ma Tóngzhì
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          ■          Of course, the way of assigning left and right
          varies with speakers of
        </para>
        <para>
          both languages and. with different situations.
        </para>
        <para>
          ft er
        </para>
        <para>
          ft.
        </para>
        <para>
          eft.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          ngs,
        </para>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-26.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          arket.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          ide,&quot;
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Xiaoxuě, zhōngxuē; &quot;primary school,&quot; &quot;high
          school&quot; (literally, &quot;small
          study,<superscript>H</superscript> &quot;middle study&quot;):
          In the PRC and in Taiwan, primary school (xiǎoxuē) includes
          grades one through six. Junior high school has grades one
          through three, and senior high school also has grades one
          through three.
        </para>
        <para>
          f at se.
        </para>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-27.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
        <para>
          Beijing street scene
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      </section>
      <section xml:id="vocabulary-booster">
        <title><anchor id="bookmark61" /><anchor id="bookmark62" />VOCABULARY
        BOOSTER</title>
        <para>
          Things in Nature
        </para>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="2">
            <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
            <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    air
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    animal
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    kōngqì dSngvu
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    beach bird bushes
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    hǎitān
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    niáo (yìzhí, yíge)
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    guànmucong (yíkuài, yípiàn, &quot;a stretch of&quot;
                    fl
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    cave cloud
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    shindong
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    yún (yìduS, yípiàn, yìcēng)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    desert dew
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    shāmò (yípiàn, &quot;a stretch of&quot;) lùshuī
                    (yìdī, &quot;a drop of&quot;)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    earth [the planet J earthquake
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    dìqiú
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    dìzhSn (yícì)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    fire
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    flower fog forest
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    huǒ
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    huā (yìduS, yìzhí)
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    wù
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    shùlínzi (yíge, yípiàn, &quot;a stretch of&quot;)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    grass
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    ground, on the
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    cSo (yìgēn) dìshang
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    hail
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    baozi (yílì bāozi, &quot;a hailstone&quot;;
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    yìchāng, yízhèn bāozi, &quot;a hailstorm&quot;)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    hill hills hurricane
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    xiào shān (yízuo, yíge) qiūlíng (yípiàn, &quot;a
                    stretch of&quot;) jdfeng (yícì, yìchāng)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    ice
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    insect
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    insects [scientific termJ island
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    bīng
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    chóngzi
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    kūnchóng
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    dao, hǎidǎo Cin the seal
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    lake lightning
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    hú shSndiàn
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    meadow moon mountain mud
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    cǎodì (yíkuai, yípiàn)
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    yuèliang, yuèqiú [astronomical term! shān (yízud)
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    ní, níbá
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    ocean
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    hāi
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    path pebble
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    xiSo lù (yìtiéo) shítou zīr {yílì, yíge)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        <para>
          f&quot;)
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          planet plant
        </para>
        <para>
          rain rainbow river rock
        </para>
        <para>
          sea sky snow star
        </para>
        <para>
          etone storm stream sun sunrise sunset sunshine
        </para>
        <para>
          thunder tree typhoon
        </para>
        <para>
          valley volcano
        </para>
        <para>
          waterfall wind woods
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          xíngxīng (yìkē) zhíwù
        </para>
        <para>
          yǔ (yìchǎng) cǎihóng (yídèo) he (yìtláo) yánshí
        </para>
        <para>
          hǎi
        </para>
        <para>
          tiān, tiānkōng
        </para>
        <para>
          rue (yìchǎng; yìduī, &quot;a pile of*')
        </para>
        <para>
          xīngxing (yìkē), hěngxìng (yìkē^ Lastro-nomical term] shítou
          (yíkuài)
        </para>
        <para>
          bàofēngyǔ (yìchSng, yícì) xlSo he, xiào xī (yìtiáo) tāiyang
          rìchū (yícì) rìluo (yícì) yángguāng
        </para>
        <para>
          léi
        </para>
        <para>
          shù (yìkē)
        </para>
        <para>
          tSifēng (yícì, yìchSng)
        </para>
        <para>
          shangU
        </para>
        <para>
          huāshān (yízuā)
        </para>
        <para>
          pubù fēng shùlínzi (yíge, yípiSn, ”a stretch
          of<superscript>n</superscript>)
        </para>
        <para>
          Transformation Drill
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          1.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          li.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          5.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          fi
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          7.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          1.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          3*
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      </section>
    </section>
    <section xml:id="drills-1">
      <title><anchor id="bookmark18" /><anchor id="bookmark63" />DRILLS</title>
      <para>
      </para>
    </section>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Speaker; Dōngdān Diànyīngyuàn zài zhèr fùjìn.
    </para>
    <para>
      (The Dōngdān Theater is in this area.)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Wing Tángzhì Jia zài zhèr fùjìn.
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Īíī pāngyou Jia zai nèr fùjìn.
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Běijīng Fàndiàn zài zhàr fùjìn
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      itèlge
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      ttèige
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Nèige
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      You;
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Dongdān Diànyíngyuàn ahī bu shi zài zhèr fùjìn?
    </para>
    <para>
      (is the Dōngdān Theater in this area?)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Wāng Tōngzhì jiā shi bu ahi zài zhèr fùjìn?
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Nī pěngyou Jiā shi bu shi zài nèr fùjìn?
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Beijing Fàndiàn ehì bu shi zÙi zhàr fùjìn?
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      shàngāiàn zài zhèr fùjìn.
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      xuexiào zài zhèr fùjìn.
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      fànguānr zai zhèr fùjìn
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Transformation Drill
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Speaker: DlànyYngyuàn fùjìn ySu yínhāng ma?
    </para>
    <para>
      (Is there a bank in the vicinity of the movie theater?)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Càishichāng fùjìn you yínhang ma 7
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Tā Jiā fùjìn you gōngyuān ma?
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Neige xuexiào fùjìn yōu fànguanr ma?
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Nèige fànguānr fùjìn you Ēhāngdiàn ma?
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Neige Ēhāngdiàn ahi bu shi zài zhèr fùjìn?
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Nèige xuéxiào shi bu shi zài zhèr fujìn?
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Neige fànguanr shi bu shi zai zhèr fùjìn?
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      You: Diànyīngyuàn fùjìn y3u meiyou yínháng?
    </para>
    <para>
      (Is there a bank in the vicinii of the movie theater?)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      ūàishichāng fùjìn yōu meiyou yínhār
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Tā jiā fùjìn you meiyou gōngyuān?
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Nàige xuĚxiào fùjìn you meiyou fànguānr?
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Nèige fànguānr fùjìn you meiyou shǎngdiàn?
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      <inlinemediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-28.jpg" />
        </imageobject>
      </inlinemediaobject>
    </para>
    <para>
      1.
    </para>
    <para>
      •I a
    </para>
    <para>
      Sà
    </para>
    <para>
      Bě
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      6. Nèige shāngdiàn fùjìn ySu yínhāng ma?
    </para>
    <para>
      7. Dōngdǎn Caishichang fùjìn you shāngdiàn ma?
    </para>
    <para>
      Nèige shāngdiàn fùjìn yōu meiyou yínhíng?
    </para>
    <para>
      Dongdǎn Càishichǎng fùjìn ySu meiyou shāngdiàn?
    </para>
    <para>
      lis
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      lèr
    </para>
    <para>
      <emphasis role="smallcaps">It </emphasis>er
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      C, Transformation Drill
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          1. Speaker; Diànyīngyuān fùjìn yōu meiyou yínháng?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      (Is there a bank in the vicinity of the movie theater?)
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          2. Dōngdǎn fùjìn ySu meiyou eàishichāng?
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          3. Gǒngyuǎn fùjìn ySu meiyou xuéxiào?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Nàr fùjìn yōu meiyou līfade?
    </para>
    <para>
      Bíijīng Fàndiàn fùjìn yōu meiyou diànylngyuàn?
    </para>
    <para>
      Nèige shāngdiàn fùjìn you meiyou yínhāng?
    </para>
    <para>
      Nǐ Jiā fùjìn yōu meiyou xuéxiào?
    </para>
    <para>
      You: YÍnhéng shì bu shi zài diànylngyuàn fùjìn?
    </para>
    <para>
      (Is the bank in the vicinity of the movie theater?)
    </para>
    <para>
      Càishichǎng shì bu shi zài Dōngdǎn fùjìn?
    </para>
    <para>
      Xuéxiào 3hi bu shi zài gōngyuān fùjìn?
    </para>
    <para>
      Līfàde shì bu shi zài nàr fùjìn?
    </para>
    <para>
      Diànylngyuàn shì bu shi zài
    </para>
    <para>
      Bèijīng Fàndiàn fùjìn?
    </para>
    <para>
      Yínhfing shì bu shi zài nèige shāngdiàn fùjìn?
    </para>
    <para>
      Xuéxiào shì bu shi zài nī Jiā fùjìn?
    </para>
    <para>
      u
    </para>
    <para>
      city
    </para>
    <para>
      írg?
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Response Drill
    </para>
    <para>
      Speaker; Dongdan Diànylngyuàn shì bu shi zài zhèr fùjìn?
    </para>
    <para>
      (cue) no
    </para>
    <para>
      (Is the Dongdǎn Theater in this area?)
    </para>
    <para>
      OR Dongdǎn Diànylngyuàn shì bu shi zài zhèr fùjìn?
    </para>
    <para>
      (cue) yes
    </para>
    <para>
      (is the Dōngdǎn Theater in this area?)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      You: BÚ zài zhèr fùjìn. Zhèr fùjìn meiyou diànylngyuàn.
    </para>
    <para>
      {Not around here. There’s no movie theater in this area.)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Dōngdǎn Diànylngyuàn shì zài zhèr fùjìn.
    </para>
    <para>
      (The Dōngdǎn Theater is in this area.)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      2. Dōngdǎn Càishiehǎng shi bu shi zài zhèr fujìn? yes
    </para>
    <para>
      3. Dōngdǎn Gōngyuǎn shi bu shi zài zhèr fùjìn? no
    </para>
    <para>
      h. Xiǎomàibù shi bu shi zai zhèr fùjìn?    yes
    </para>
    <para>
      5* Mai tàngde shì bu shi zài zhèr fùjìn?    no
    </para>
    <para>
      6. Beijing Fàndiàn shì bu shi zài zhèr fùjìn? yes
    </para>
    <para>
      Dōngdǎn CàishichSng shì zài zhèr fùjìn,
    </para>
    <para>
      Bú zài zhèr fùjìn. Zhèr fùjìn méiyou gōngyuǎn.
    </para>
    <para>
      Xiǎomàibù shì zài zhèr fùjìn.
    </para>
    <para>
      Bú zài zhèr fùjìn. Zhèr fùjìn meiyou mài tǎngde,
    </para>
    <para>
      Beijing Fàndiàn Jhì zài zhèr fùjìn.
    </para>
    <para>
      3. C
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      E. Transformation Drill
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          1, Speaker: Nī zhīdao yínhǎng shēnme shíhou kāi men ma?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      (Do you know at what time the bank opens?)
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          2. NĪ zhīdao yìnhǎng zài nali ma?
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          3. Tā zhīdao nèige fànguǎnzi shì sheide ma?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      LÍ Tōngzhì zhīdao nī you duōshao qiǎn me?
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          5. Fāng Xiānsheng zhīdao nī shēnme shíhou lǎi ma?
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          6, Nī àiren zhīdao mài tángde xìng shēnme ma?
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          7. Tā àiren zhīdao Sun TÉngzhì shenme shíhou gōngzuù ma?
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      You; Nī zhīdao bu zhidao yínhǎng shenme shíhou kāi men?
    </para>
    <para>
      (Do you know at what time the baric openn ?)
    </para>
    <para>
      Nī zhīdao bu zhidao yínhāng zài nali?
    </para>
    <para>
      Tā zhīdao ou zhidao neige fànguǎnzi shì shēide?
    </para>
    <para>
      1*. C
    </para>
    <para>
      5. C
    </para>
    <para>
      6. c
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Lī Tongzhì zhīdao bu zhidao nī ySu duōshao qiǎn?
    </para>
    <para>
      Fāng Xiānsheng zhīdao bu zhidao nī shēnme shíhou lǎi?
    </para>
    <para>
      Nī àiren zhīdao bu zhidao mài tǎngde xìng shēnme?
    </para>
    <para>
      Tā àiren zhīdao bu zhidao Sun Tōngzhì shēnme shíhou gōngzuè?
    </para>
    <para>
      <inlinemediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-29.jpg" />
        </imageobject>
      </inlinemediaobject>
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      F. Expansion Drill
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          1. Speaker: Cong zhèr dào nèr qù. (cue) zenme
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      (Go from here to there.}
    </para>
    <para>
      OR Cong Dōngdān Gōngyuán dao diànyǐngyuàn qù. (cue) dōng
    </para>
    <para>
      (Go from Dōngdān Park to the movie theater.)
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          2. Cōng Dōngdān Gōngyuán dao càishichāng qù. qíán
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          3. Cōng Chángān Jiē dào Sānlíttín qù.    zenme
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      1. Cōng Qiánmen Dàjiē dào Rìtán LÙ qù.    xī
    </para>
    <para>
      7. Cōng Guǎnghuá Lù dào Wángfùjīng Dàjiē qù. bei
    </para>
    <para>
      t. Cōng Chāngān Jiě dào WŌngfǔjīng Dàjiē qù. you
    </para>
    <para>
      You: Cōng zhèr dào nàr qù zěnme zǒu?
    </para>
    <para>
      (How do you go from here to there?)
    </para>
    <para>
      Cōng Dōngdān Gōngyuán dào diànyīngyuàn qù, wàng dōng zou, duì bu
      dui?
    </para>
    <para>
      (To go from Dongdān Park to the movie theater, I go to the east.
      Right?)
    </para>
    <para>
      Cōng Dōngdān Gōngyuán dào caishichang qù, wàng qián zǒu, duì bu
      dui?
    </para>
    <para>
      Cong Chāngān Jíē dào Ēānlītín qù zěnme zǒu?
    </para>
    <para>
      Cōng Qiánmēn Dajiē dào Rìtán Lù qù, wàng xī zǒu, duì bu dui?
    </para>
    <para>
      Cōng Guǎnghuá Lù dào Wángfūjīng Dàjiē qù, wàng běi zǒu, duì bu
      dui?
    </para>
    <para>
      Cōng Changān Jiē dào Wángfūjīng Dàjiè qù, wàng ySu zǒu, duì bu
      dui?
    </para>
    <para>
      . Substitution Drill
    </para>
    <para>
      I Speaker: Wō chūle zhèige fàndiàn wàng dong zEu, duì bu dui?
    </para>
    <para>
      (cue) xí
    </para>
    <para>
      (After I come out of that hotel, I go to the east. Right?)
    </para>
    <para>
      L Wo chūle zhèige fàndiàn wàng xī zǒu, duì bu dui?    nan
    </para>
    <para>
      ■ Wo chūle zhèige fàndiàn wàng nán zǒu, duì bu dui?    běi
    </para>
    <para>
      L Wǒ chūle zhèige fàndiàn wàng bei zǒu, duì bu dui? zuō
    </para>
    <para>
      You: WE chūle zhèige fàndiàn wàng xī zSu, duì bu dui?
    </para>
    <para>
      (After I come out of that hotel, I go to the west. Right?)
    </para>
    <para>
      Wo chule zhèige fàndiàn wàng nán zou, duì bu dui?
    </para>
    <para>
      WS chūle zhèige fàndiàn wàng bei zou, duì bu dui?
    </para>
    <para>
      Wo chūle zhèige fàndiàn wàng zuS zǒu, duì bu dui?
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          5. Wǒ chūle zhèige fàndiàn wang zuo zou, duì bu dui? nèibian
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          6. W3 chūle zheige fàndiàn wàng nèibian zou, duì bu dui? yǒu
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          7. W3 chūle zhèige fàndiàn wang yòu zǒu, duì bu dui? dong
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      Wǒ chūle zhèige fàndiàn wàng nèibian zou, duì bu dui?
    </para>
    <para>
      W3 chūle zhèige fandiàn wang yèu zǒu, duì bu dui?
    </para>
    <para>
      WB chūle zhèige fandiàn wang dong zǒu, duì bu dui?
    </para>
    <para>
      I. ;
    </para>
    <para>
      1. ■
    </para>
    <para>
      2.
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      H, Expansion Drill
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          1. Speaker: ZuBbianr ahi diànylngyuàn. (cue) Dōngdǎn
          eàishichāng
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      (To the left is the movie theater.)
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          2. Youbianr y3u shangdiàn. zhèige fàndiàn
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          3. ZuSbianr shi mài tàngde. xiāomàibù
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
    <para>
      U. Wàibianr you màibàode. gongyuan
    </para>
    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          5. ZuSbianr you fàndiàn. eàishichāng
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          6, Youbianr yōu mài tàngde. diènyìngyuàn
        </para>
      </listitem>
      <listitem>
        <para>
          7. Wàibianr shi shāngdiàn. fàndiàn
        </para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      3
    </para>
    <para>
      if
    </para>
    <para>
      You: Dōngdǎn Càishichangde zuobianr shi diànyìngyuàn.
    </para>
    <para>
      (To the left of the Dongdan Market is the movie theater.)
    </para>
    <para>
      6
    </para>
    <para>
      Zhèige fàndiànde yōubianr y3u shāngdiàn.
    </para>
    <para>
      XiSomàibàde zuobianr shi mài tángde,
    </para>
    <para>
      Gōngyuǎnde wàibianr y3u màibàode.
    </para>
    <para>
      J.
    </para>
    <para>
      Càiāhichangde zuobianr yǒu fàndiàn,
    </para>
    <para>
      I
    </para>
    <para>
      Dianyìngyuànde yōubianr y3u mài tāngde.
    </para>
    <para>
      Fàr.diànde wàibianr shì shāngdiàn.
    </para>
    <section xml:id="tian">
      <title><anchor id="bookmark64" /><anchor id="bookmark65" />tian</title>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            I. Transformation Drill
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1. Speaker: Càishichǎngde xībianr you diànyīngyuàn.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        (To the vest of the market is a movie theater.)
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2. Diànyīngyuànde wàlbianr y3u mài bàode.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3. Gōngyuánde lībianr y3u mài qìshuīde.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        Xuěxiàode dōngbianr you yfnhāng.
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            5. Fànguanr nànbianr you shāngdiàn.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            6. Yínhāngde youbianr y3u fànguSnr.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            7. Fàndíànde běibianr y5u
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        diànyīngyuàn,
      </para>
      <para>
        You: Nàige diànyīngyuàn Jiù zài càishichǎngde xībianr, (That
        movie theater is to the west of the market.)
      </para>
      <para>
        Neige mài bàode Jiù zài diànyīngyuànde wàibianr.
      </para>
      <para>
        Neige mài qìshuīde jiù zài gǒngyuānde lībianr,
      </para>
      <para>
        Neige yfnháng jiù zài xuéxiàode dongbianr,
      </para>
      <para>
        Nàige shāngdiàn Jiù zài fànguānrde nànbianr.
      </para>
      <para>
        Nèige fànguanr Jiù zài yínhángde yÙubianr.
      </para>
      <para>
        Neige diànyīngyuàn jiu zài fàndiànde běibianr.
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            J. Combination Drill àn.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        1. Speaker: Tā qù kàn diànyīng. Tā qù kàn yige pěngyou.
      </para>
      <para>
        (He goes to see a movie. He goes to visit a friend.
      </para>
      <para>
        I 2. Tā qù xue Zhōngguo huà. Tā qù mai yìben shū.
      </para>
      <para>
        3. Tā qù mai shū, Tā qù huàn yìdianr qián.
      </para>
      <para>
        1. Tā qù kàn diànyīng. Tā qù mai táng.
      </para>
      <para>
        5. Tā qù gōngzuù, Tā qù kàn Zhao Tàitai.
      </para>
      <para>
        You: Qù kàn diànyīng yīqiān, tā xiān qù kàn yige pěngyou.
      </para>
      <para>
        (Before he goes to see a movie, he first goes to visit a
        friend.)
      </para>
      <para>
        Qù xué Zhongguo huà yīqián, tà xiān qù mǎi yìběn ahū.
      </para>
      <para>
        Qù mǎi shū yīqiān, tā xian qù huàn yídiānr qiān.
      </para>
      <para>
        Qù kàn diànyīng yīqián, tā xiān qù mai táng.
      </para>
      <para>
        Qù gōngzuò yīqian, tā xian qù kàn Zhàc Tàitai.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Ě, Tā Māiguo. Tā qù niān Yīngwān.
      </para>
      <para>
        7, Tā qù kān LÍn Xianebeng- Tā qù iūni yīdiānr dìānxīn.
      </para>
      <para>
        Qù Měiguo yīqián, tá xiān qù niān Yīngwen,
      </para>
      <para>
        Qù kān LÍn Xīānaheng ylqifin, tā x: qù māi yìdiānr diǎnxīn.
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            K. Transformation Drill
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1. Speaker: Qù kān diānyīng yīqién, tā xiān qù kān pāngyou.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        (Before seeing the movie, he first goes to visit a friend.)
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2. Qù xue Ehōngguo huā yíqíÉn, tā xiān qù mǎi shù,
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3. QÙ mSi shū yíqiān, tā xiān qù huan qiān.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        h, Qù kān diānyīng yīqiān, tā xiān qù māi tSng.
      </para>
      <para>
        5. Qù gōngzuò yīqiān, tā xiān qù kān Zhao Tāitai,
      </para>
      <para>
        6. QÙ niān lìshī yīqiān, tā xiān qù niān Yīngvān.
      </para>
      <para>
        7&gt; Qù kān LĪ Xíansheng yīqiān, tā xiān qù māi diSnxīn.
      </para>
      <para>
        You: Tā kān pengyou yīhùu, qù kan diānyīng.
      </para>
      <para>
        (After he visits a friend, he goes to see a movie.)
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā mSi shù yīhou, qù xuā Shōngguo huā,
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā huān qiān yīhùu, qù mǎi shÚ,
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā māi tāng yīhou, qù kān ùiānyīng
      </para>
      <para>
        Ta kan Zhao Taitai yīhSu<subscript>(</subscript> qù gōngsuÈ.
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā niān YīngwĚn yīhSu, aù niān lÌBhī.
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā mai dianxīn yīhòu, où kān Lī Xiānsheng.
      </para>
      <para>
        lit
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        L. Response Drill
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1. Speaker; Zhèr you meiyou mài t^ngde?
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        (cue) lìbianr
      </para>
      <para>
        (Is there a canòy store here?}
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2. Xiacmàibù nàr you meiyou mài ciìshuǐde? zuobianr
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3, Xuexiào nar you meiyou mài
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        Yī ngwén zì d iǎn de ?    dōngb i an r
      </para>
      <para>
        It, War you meiyou mài J Glide? youbianr
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            5. Gōngyuàn fùjìn y&lt;5u meiyou mài zàzhìde? nánbianr
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            6, Fàndiàn fùjìn you meiyou mài dìtūde? xībianr
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            7, eàishichāngLi ySu meiyou mài píjiǔde? nèibianr
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        You; YÍJu, mài tàngde zài llbianr. (Yes, there's a candy store
        inside,}
      </para>
      <para>
        You, mài t^ìshuìde zài zuobianr.
      </para>
      <para>
        You, mài YīngwĚn zìdiàude zài dōngbianr.
      </para>
      <para>
        You, mài Júaide zài ydubianr,
      </para>
      <para>
        YSu, mài zazhìde zài nÉnbianr.
      </para>
      <para>
        YÈ$u, mài dìtude zài xībianr.
      </para>
      <para>
        You, mài píjiǔde zài nàibianr*
      </para>
    </section>
  </section>
  <section xml:id="unit-3">
    <title><anchor id="bookmark66" /><anchor id="bookmark67" />UNIT
    3</title>
    <section xml:id="reference-list-2">
      <title><anchor id="bookmark6" /><anchor id="bookmark68" />REFERENCE
      LIST</title>
      <para>
        (in Beijing)
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1, B: Nī chūqu al
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            A: W3 xiang chūqu mai jlběn shū,
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2. A: Láojiù, nǎr you mai ahūde?
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        Cl Wāngfùjīng Dàjie you yige Xīnhuā Ēhūdièn, hen dù.
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3. A: Xīnhuà Shūdiàn lí xher yuKu ™*f
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            C: 5Ù yu&amp;n, hen jìn.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        ■ It. A: Zěnme qù? Zíuthe qù kéyi maí
      </para>
      <para>
        C: ZSuzhe qù kēyi.
      </para>
      <para>
        5, A: Zīnme z3u?
      </para>
      <para>
        C: Cáng dāmén chūqu, chÈo běi gu£i» Jiù shi Wfingfǔjīng DÙJie.
      </para>
      <para>
        b, Íí: Wo cong damen chūqu, chSo běi guSl, duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        C: Duì le*
      </para>
      <para>
        T» A: Zǒu duá yuan?
      </para>
      <para>
        C: z3u bù yuan, lùdōngde dìyīge dalóu jiù shi Xinhua Shūdian.
      </para>
      <para>
        B. ^Ai Lāojiā, nèlge dālSu shi Xīnhuā Shūdiùn ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        D: Shì.
      </para>
      <para>
        Oh, you’re going outJ
      </para>
      <para>
        I thought I would go out to buy a few books.
      </para>
      <para>
        Excuse me, where is there a place to buy books?
      </para>
      <para>
        There is a New China Bookstore on wSngfujīng Boulevard that is
        very large,
      </para>
      <para>
        Is the New China Bookstore far from here?
      </para>
      <para>
        It*B not far; it's very close.
      </para>
      <para>
        How do I go? Is it possible to get there By walking?
      </para>
      <para>
        It’s possible to get there by walking.
      </para>
      <para>
        How do I go?
      </para>
      <para>
        You go out the entrance, turn to the north, and that’s
        Wangfujīng Boulevard.
      </para>
      <para>
        I go out the entrance and turn to the north. Is that correct?
      </para>
      <para>
        That’s correct.
      </para>
      <para>
        How far do I go?
      </para>
      <para>
        Go a short distance, and the first building on the east side of
        the street Is the New China Bookstore,
      </para>
      <para>
        Excuse ne, is that building the New China Bookstore?
      </para>
      <para>
        Yes.
      </para>
      <para>
        •CtriB exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only.
      </para>
      <para>
        ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and P-1
        tapes)
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="3">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  9.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  shuǎn
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to turn
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  10.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  chūlai
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to come out
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  11.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  lùxī
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  the west side of the street
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  12.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  lùběi
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  the north side of the street
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  13.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  lùnan
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  the south side of the street
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  11.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  bSihuS gongsī
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  department store
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  15.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  BāihuS Dālou
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  (name of a department store in B?ÌJĪng)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  16.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  shangbianr (shangbian)
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  abovei the top, the upper part
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  17.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  xiàbianr (xiàbian)
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  below, underj the bottom, the lower part
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  16.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  dlxia
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  underneath; the underneath
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  19.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  shōngjiānr (zhongjlanr) (ahōngjiān)
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  the middle, the space in between
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  20.
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  pángbiānr (pāngbián)
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  beside, next to, alongside of;
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        the side
      </para>
      <para>
        <anchor id="bookmark69" />MAPS FOR C-1 TAPE
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        DISPLAYS I. III. IV
      </para>
      <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-30.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        DISPLAY li
      </para>
      <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-31.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        VOCABULARY
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="2">
          <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
          <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Bǎihuǒ Uàlóu
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  (name of a department store in Beijing)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  baihuo gōngsi
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  department store
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  cháo chǔl&amp;i chǔqu
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to, towards to come out to go out
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  dajíē dàlǒu dàmen(r) dixia du6 yuSn
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  boulevard
                </para>
                <para>
                  building entrance underneath; the underneath how far
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  guǎi
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to turn
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Ji-Jige Jin
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  a few several to be close, to be near
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  láojià lí lub?i lùdōng lùnan lùxī
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  excuse me
                </para>
                <para>
                  from, apart from
                </para>
                <para>
                  the north side of the street the east side of the
                  street the south side of the street the west side of
                  the street
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  pángbiānr (pÉngbiān)
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  beside, next to, alongside of; the side
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  shàngbianr (ahàngbian) shudiàn
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  above, the top, the upper part bookstore
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  xiàbianr (xiàbian)
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  below, under; the bottom, the lower part
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Xinhuá Shudiàn
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  New China Bookstore (Beijing)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  yíge yuan
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  a, an to be far
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        zhǒngjiānr (zhǒngjiānr) (zhǒngjiSn) the middle, the space in
        between
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="2">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  zhuan zouzhe
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to turn walking
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        DI
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        (introduced on C-2 tape)
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="2">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  dài biǎo
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to wear a watch
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Han-Hi zìdían
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Chinese-Japaneee dictionary
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  nian
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to be pronounced, to be read as
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Rì-Hàn sìdiǎn
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Japanese-Chinese dictionary
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  yíjiàn ylshang
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  a piece of clothing
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  2ao
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to be early
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  zĒu dao
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  to walk to
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Sc'
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        t= fo.
      </para>
      <para>
        IX
      </para>
      <para>
        co:
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-32.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
      </para>
      <para>
        WĚn Wǔ Temple, near Sun-Moon Lake in Taiwan
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        i'ì? Si il° !í H Ē<superscript>1</superscript>
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        itìo
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <section xml:id="reference-notes-2">
        <title><anchor id="bookmark70" /><anchor id="bookmark71" />REFERENCE
        NOTES</title>
        <para>
          1. B: Nī chūqu a!
        </para>
        <para>
          A: Wo xiang chūqu mǎi jiběn 3hū.
        </para>
        <para>
          Oh, you're going out!
        </para>
        <para>
          I thought I would go out to buy a few books.
        </para>
        <para>
          Notes on No. 1
        </para>
        <para>
          Chūqu, &quot;to go out (away from the speaker)”: The verb ehū
          means &quot;to go/come out,” ”to
          exit,<superscript>1</superscript>' in the sense of leaving an
          area. Chū must be followed either by the name of the place
          being left (as in chūle_ shèīge fàndiàn) or by the verb lái or
          qù used as a DIRECTIONAL ENDING. When l&amp;i or qù follows,
          the verb indicates not only that the person exits but
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          also that the person exits towards or corresponds to the
          English &quot;going out
        </para>
        <para>
          Tā zǎoshang jiù chūqu le.
        </para>
        <para>
          Tā zài neige shāngdiànli māi cài yijīng sānshifēn zhóng le!
          Hāi māi chǔlai!
        </para>
        <para>
          When the verbs lāi and qù are used as unstressed and toneless.
        </para>
        <para>
          away from the speaker. Chūqu <superscript>11</superscript> and
          chūlai to &quot;coming out. ”
        </para>
        <para>
          Re went out this morning.
        </para>
        <para>
          He has been in that shop buying groceries for thirty minutes
          already, and he hasn’t come out yet!
        </para>
        <para>
          directional endings, they are
        </para>
        <para>
          Nì chūqu a! Sometimes this expression might be used as a
          greeting. Instead of saying &quot;hello” when greeting a
          friend or acquaintance* the Chinese state the obvious. For
          example, if you (Ān Dàwèi) drop in unexpectedly on a Chinese
          friend, probably the first thing he will say fa 0! Ān Dawèi!
          NĪ lai le! Qīng jin, &quot;Oh! Ān Dàwèi.' You have come!
          Please coEie in.&quot; Or if you run an errand and then
          return, you will probably be greeted with Huilai le,
          &quot;You're back.&quot; A friend of youra who runs into you
          downtown may say NĪ yě dao zhèr. l&amp;i le, &quot;You have
          come here too.&quot; In Chinese these remarks are a common
          form of greeting.
        </para>
        <para>
          Jiběn: The bound word Ji- means <superscript>1í</superscript>a
          few.<superscript>11</superscript> It is unstressed and often
          toneless. When stressed, Ji- is the question word &quot;how
          many.&quot;
        </para>
        <para>
          Tā maile jiběn (OR Jiběn) He bought a few books, shū.
        </para>
        <para>
          Tā māile jiběn shū?            How many books did he buy?
        </para>
        <para>
          Intonation and context will often help you decide which Ji- is
          being used.
        </para>
        <para>
          Chǔqu mai Jiběn shū: The phrase following the verb chǔqu
          indicates the purpose of going out. Purpose expressions often
          follow the verbs l£i, qu, and their compounds.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          2, A: LĒoJià, nar you mai shǔde?
        </para>
        <para>
          C: W&amp;ngfǔjlíig Dàjiē you yige XīnhuÉ Shūdiàn, hen dè.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Excuse me, where is there a place to buy books?
        </para>
        <para>
          There is a Nev China Bookstore on
        </para>
        <para>
          WÉngfǔjíng Boulevard that is very large.
                                    H <superscript>not</superscript>
        </para>
        <para>
          are
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Notes on No, g
        </para>
        <para>
          L&amp;ojià is a Bíijíng expression used when asking a person
          to do something^fin exchange 2, a person is being asked to
          give directions.) Speakers of Chinese from other areas of
          China would probably use qǐngwèn.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Hen dà, &quot;(It is) very big&quot;: Notice that in the
          English translation two Chinese sentences have been combined.
          Literally, the Chinese means &quot;On Wángfǔjīng Boulevard
          there is a New China Bookstore. It is very large.&quot;
          Chinese punctuation rules allow two sentences to be separated
          by a comma instead of a period if the relationship between the
          sentences is considered very close.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Wángfǔjǐng Dàjiē: The Wángfǔjīng Boulevard area is a major
          shopping district in Beijing. BaihuS pàlSu (a state-owned
          department store), Dongfeng Shīchǎng (a large enclosed
          market), bookstores, antique shops, and hotels are found
          there.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          3. A: XīnhuÈ Shūdiàn lí zhèr yuSn ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          C: Bù yuan, hěn jìn.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Is the New China Bookstore far from here?
        </para>
        <para>
          It’s not far; it’s very close.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          poi
        </para>
        <para>
          1+.
        </para>
        <para>
          Not
        </para>
        <para>
          yo\
        </para>
        <para>
          th&lt; ad of
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Notes on No. 3
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Lí: The prepositional verb lí means &quot;from&quot; in the
          sense of &quot;to be apart from.&quot; Like other
          prepositional verb phrases, a phrase containing lí precedes
          the main verb—in this case, the adjectival verb yuan, &quot;to
          be far.&quot;
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="4">
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    Xīnhuā ShūdiÈn
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    lí
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    zhĒr
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    yuan ma?
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    (Nev China Bookstore
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    from
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    here
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    far?)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          &quot;is the New China Bookstare far from here?&quot;
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Unlike other prepositional verbs, lí cannot be made negative.
          You cannot say that one point is &quot;not apart&quot; from
          another. You say that two points are &quot;not close to each
          other” or &quot;not far from each other.&quot;
        </para>
        <para>
          Xīnhuā Ēhǔdian lí shèr bu Jin.
        </para>
        <para>
          Xīnhuā Shūdiùn lí zhSr bù yuan,.
        </para>
        <para>
          CSng and lí are both translated as &quot;from.” CStig is used
          with the point of origin, and lí is used with the distance
          between two points.
        </para>
        <para>
          It. A: Zěnme qù? ZtSuzhe qù key! ma? How do I go? Is it
          possible to get there by walking?
        </para>
        <para>
          Ci Zǒuzhe qù kéyī.                 It’s possible to get there
          by
        </para>
        <para>
          walking.                       <subscript>r</subscript>
        </para>
        <para>
          Notes on No, h
        </para>
        <para>
          Zěnme qù? looks very much like zěnme_
          īǒu<subscript>t</subscript> which asks about what route you
          should take. Zěnme qù? asks about your means of
          transportation,
        </para>
        <para>
          Z&lt;5uzhe<subscript>t</subscript> &quot;walking”: When the
          marker -she is added to an action verb, the verb form
          corresponds to the English -Ing. The -zhe puts the focus on
          action continuing for some time. Because of this,, -she is
          called a marker of DURATION.
        </para>
        <para>
          Tā xuězhe xuězhe Jiù bù        He was studying and studying
          it, and
        </para>
        <para>
          xi&amp;ng xuéle.                    then he didn't want to
          study it
        </para>
        <para>
          anymore.
        </para>
        <para>
          In the sentence ZBuzhe qù kēyi, the marker -zhe is attached to
          one verb (sou) to modify another verb (qù). This indicates
          that the action of the verb to which -zhe is added occurs
          simultaneously with the action of the verb modified. The
          action of ’'walking” modifies the action of &quot;going
          there.&quot; The phrase can be understood as &quot;walkingly
          go.” *
        </para>
        <para>
          Here are some other examples:
        </para>
        <para>
          Tā raeitiān chīzhe fan kàn Every day he watches television
          while diànshì.                        eating.
        </para>
        <para>
          NÍ shengzhe bìng hāi zuo You work even while you're sick! shì!
        </para>
        <para>
          5. A; Zenme zǒu?
        </para>
        <para>
          C: Cíng dàměn chūqu, cháo běi guai, jiù shi WángfǓjīng DÈjiē.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          How do I go?
        </para>
        <para>
          You go out (from) the entrance, turn to the north, and that’s
          WÉngfǔjīng Boulevard.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Notes on Ho. 5
        </para>
        <para>
          Chao: The prepositional verb chāo<subscript>?</subscript>
          literally meaning &quot;facing towards,” is used in Běijīng.
        </para>
        <para>
          Guǎi, &quot;to turn”: The verb guǎi usually refers to a
          90-degree turn, but you can see below that it is used in
          exchange 5 to refer to a 180-degree turn. In English we would
          break up the directions into three steps, aaying &quot;You go
          out the entrance, turn left, and turn left again at the
          corner.” In Chinese, if the building you are leaving is on a
          corner, going along one side and then turning the corner may
          be thought of as a single step.
        </para>
        <para>
          BĚIJĪNG HOTEL
        </para>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-33.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
        <para>
          *Because the two actions amount to one action for all
          practical purposes, this may be one of the more difficult
          examples for the marker -zhe.
        </para>
        <para>
          Learn this sentence as a whole for now.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          if ■            Jiù shi literally means &quot;(that) is
          precisely&quot; or &quot;right there is.&quot;
        </para>
        <para>
          Here you see Jiù uses to mean &quot;right,&quot;
          &quot;Just,&quot; &quot;precisely&quot;: &quot;You go out
        </para>
        <para>
          ; I        the entrance, turn to the north, and that’s
          Wángfǔjīng Boulevard right
        </para>
        <para>
          there,&quot;
        </para>
        <para>
          lile
        </para>
        <para>
          6. A: Wǒ cǒng dàmén chǔqu, ch£o I go out (from) the entrance
          and běi guǎi, duì bu dui?          turn to the north. Is that
        </para>
        <para>
          correct?
        </para>
        <para>
          C: Duì le.                          That’s correct.
        </para>
        <para>
          7. A: Zǒu duS yuan?
        </para>
        <para>
          0: Zǒu bù yuan, lùdōngde dìylge dàlSu Jiù shi Xinhua Shūdiàn.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          How far do I go?
        </para>
        <para>
          Go a short distance, and the first building on the east side
          of the street is the Hew China Bookstore,
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Motes on Ko, 7
        </para>
        <para>
          Duo yuan: The question &quot;how far&quot; is formed like the
          questions duǒ dà<subscript>t</subscript> &quot;how old,&quot;
          and duō Jiù, &quot;how long,&quot;
        </para>
        <para>
          Zǒu bù yu£n: Notice that there are two verbs in this phrase.
          The first verb indicates the action, and the second verb
          indicates the extent of the action. (The Transportation Module
          includes notes about how to modify verbs.)
        </para>
        <para>
          LÙdōng, &quot;the east side of the street&quot;: This word is
          a short form. The directions -nun, -xl, and -bei may also be
          used in similar short forms. The long form of~ludōng is lù
          dōngbianr.
        </para>
        <para>
          Notice that &quot;on the east side of the street&quot; comes
          at the end of a phrase in English, while in Chinese lùdōngde
          begins the phrase.
        </para>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="3">
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    lùdōngde
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    dìyīge dàlou
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    the first building
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    on the east
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        <para>
          DJ
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          8, A: Lǎojiǎ, nòige dàlou shi Xīnhuá Shūdiàn ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          D: Shi.
        </para>
        <para>
          Excuse me, is that building the New China Bookstore?
        </para>
        <para>
          Yes.
        </para>
        <para>
          st ns ts
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              9. zhuǎn
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              10. chūlai
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              11. lùxl
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              12. lùběi
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              13. lùnán
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          1^. bǎihuo gongsī
        </para>
        <para>
          15. BǎihuS Dālfiu
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          16, shàngbianr (shangbian)
        </para>
        <para>
          17. xiǎbianr (xiābian)
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          10, dīxia
        </para>
        <para>
          19. zhōngjiānr (zhōngjiànr) (zhōngjiān)
        </para>
        <para>
          20. pangbianr (pángb i ān)
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          to turn
        </para>
        <para>
          to come out
        </para>
        <para>
          the west side of the street
        </para>
        <para>
          the north side of the street
        </para>
        <para>
          the south side of the street
        </para>
        <para>
          department store
        </para>
        <para>
          (name of a department store in
        </para>
        <para>
          Beijing)
        </para>
        <para>
          above; the top, the upper part
        </para>
        <para>
          below, under; the bottom, the lower part
        </para>
        <para>
          underneath; the underneath
        </para>
        <para>
          the middle, the space in between
        </para>
        <para>
          beside, next to, alongside of;
        </para>
        <para>
          the side
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Notes on Additional Required Vocabulary
        </para>
        <para>
          Zhuǎn, ”to turn,<superscript>11</superscript> &quot;to make a
          turn&quot;: The verb guai, &quot;to turn,&quot; is usually
          preceded by directions such as north/south or left/right,
          ZhuAn is more frequently used to talk about turning to the
          rear.
        </para>
        <para>
          xiàng hou zhuǎn                  turn around (literally,
          &quot;towards
        </para>
        <para>
          the back turn&quot;)
        </para>
        <para>
          Zhuǎn is also the verb to use for &quot;turn&quot; when
          speaking of going from one street to another.
        </para>
        <para>
          Cong Dali Jiě zhuǎndao          From Dali street turn onto
          Hépfng
        </para>
        <para>
          Hépíng Dōnglìi.                    East Road.
        </para>
        <para>
          (Guǎi cannot be used this way.)
        </para>
        <para>
          Chūlai, &quot;to come out,&quot; is made up of the verb chū,
          &quot;to exit,&quot; plus the verb lai used as a directional
          ending. This ending tells you that the action is towards the
          speaker.
        </para>
        <para>
          Bǎihuo gōngsi, &quot;department store&quot; (literally,
          &quot;hundred-goods company&quot;): This term is used for
          large department stores. Smaller stores that sell a variety of
          merchandise are called bǎihuòdian or baihuò shangdiàn.
        </para>
        <para>
          BǎihuS Dàlóu, literally, &quot;Hundred-Goods Building&quot;:
          There is only one store in Beijīng with this name; therefore
          the phrase is used as a proper name. The general term for a
          large Western-style department store is bāíhuo gongsī.
        </para>
        <para>
          Shàngbianr can mean &quot;the top side/surface,&quot;
          &quot;the top part/area,&quot; or &quot;a place which is
          above/up.&quot; When used after another noun, shangbianr may
          be translated as &quot;on,&quot; &quot;on top of,&quot;
          &quot;above,&quot; or &quot;over.&quot;
        </para>
        <para>
          Zhēige zhuōzi shàngbianr       There are four books on this
          table.
        </para>
        <para>
          y&lt;5u sīben shū.
        </para>
        <para>
          Fēijī zài yún shangbianr. The plane is above the clouds.
        </para>
        <para>
          underneath&quot;
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          the lower part&quot;; &quot;under,&quot; &quot;below&quot;
        </para>
        <para>
          I’ll wait for you under the overpass
        </para>
        <para>
          The
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          books are underneath the table.
        </para>
        <para>
          underneath of this building is movie theater, and above there
        </para>
        <para>
          Xiàbianr, &quot;the bottom,
        </para>
        <para>
          W3 zai tiānqiao xiàbianr deng ni.
        </para>
        <para>
          Dīxia, &quot;the underneath&quot;; &quot; Shū zài zhuSzi
          dīxia.
        </para>
        <para>
          Zheige dàlSude dīxia shi yige diànyīngyuàn, shĚngaian you
          fànguān he shāngdiàn.
        </para>
        <para>
          Zhōngjiājir, &quot;the middle,&quot; &quot;the
        </para>
        <para>
          W3de zhuozi zāi wo wùzide zhǒngjiānr,
        </para>
        <para>
          Zuobianr shi yíge fàndiàn, yèubianr shi yíge caishichang,
          zhōngjiān nèige dàlóu Jiù shi wo zhùde dīfang.
        </para>
        <para>
          Pángbiānr, &quot;beside,&quot; &quot;next
          to,<superscript>1</superscript>
        </para>
        <para>
          WǑ Jiù zhù zai tamen Jiā pāngbiǎnr,
        </para>
        <para>
          Tǎ pāngbiǎnr nàige rén Jiù shi Wāng LÌguĚ.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          The a
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          is a restaurant and a store.
        </para>
        <para>
          space in between&quot;
        </para>
        <para>
          My table is in the middle of my room.
        </para>
        <para>
          On the left there’s a hotel; on the right there's a market;
          and the building in between is where I live,
        </para>
        <para>
          &quot;alongside of&quot;; &quot;the side&quot;
        </para>
        <para>
          I live right next to their place.
        </para>
        <para>
          The man beside him is Wèng Lìguo,
        </para>
      </section>
      <section xml:id="drills-2">
        <title><anchor id="bookmark38" /><anchor id="bookmark72" />DRILLS</title>
        <para>
          A, Expansion Drill
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1. Speaker: Wǒ xiang mai Jiben shū. (I would like to buy
              several books.)
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. Wǒ xiǎng kàn yíge péngyou.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. Wo xiǎng mǎi yífen bào.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          WǑ xiang mǎi yìdiǎn pǎnziwǎn,
        </para>
        <para>
          5. Wo xiāng kàn yíge Ehōngguo péngyou*
        </para>
        <para>
          6, Wǒ xiǎng mǎi Jikuài feizào-
        </para>
        <para>
          T. Wo xiang mai yībǎ yǔsǎn.
        </para>
        <para>
          You: Wǒ xiǎng chǔqu mǎi Jiben shū, (I would like to go out and
          buy several books.)
        </para>
        <para>
          Wo xiǎng chǔqu kàn yíge pěngyou,
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiǎng chǔqu mai yífen bào.
        </para>
        <para>
          Wo xiǎng chǔqu mai yìdiǎn pǎnziwǎn
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiang chuqu kàn yíge Zhongguo pǎngyou.
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiǎng chǔqu mǎi Jikuài feizào.
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiǎng chǔqu mai yxbS yǔsǎn.
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          U.
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              5.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              6.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              7.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          B, Expansion Drill
        </para>
        <para>
          1. Speaker: Wo xiang chǔqu mǎi Jiběn shū.
        </para>
        <para>
          (cue) mài shùde
        </para>
        <para>
          (I thought I would go out- to buy a few books.}
        </para>
        <para>
          2. Wo xiang chuqu kàn yíge diànyīng. hǎo diànyīng
        </para>
        <para>
          3* Wǒ xiang chuqu mǎi diǎnr Jǔzi. eàishichāng
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiang chǔqu mǎi diǎnr tang, mài tǎngde
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              5. Wo xiang chǔqu huàn diǎnr Měijīn. yínháng
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              6. Wǒ xiang chǔqu mǎi Jige huāpíng. mài huāpíng-ie
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              7. Wǒ xiǎng chǔqu mǎi diǎnr fēizào, xiǎomàibǔ
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          You: Wǒ xiang chǔqu mǎi Jibǒn shǔ. Qīngwàn, nǎr yǒu mài shǔde?
        </para>
        <para>
          (l thought I would go out to buy a few books. May I ask, where
          is there a place to buy books?)
        </para>
        <para>
          Wo xiǎng chǔqu kàn yíge diànyīng. Qīngwen, nǎr yǒu hǎo
          diànyīng?
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiǎng chǔqu mǎi diǎnr Júzi. Qīngwàn, nǎr you eàishichāng?
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiǎng chǔqu mai diǎnr tǎng. Qīngwàn, nǎr yǒu mài tǎngde?
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiǎng chǔqu huàn diǎnr Mǎijin. Qīngwèn, nǎr you yínhǎng?
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiǎng chǔqu mǎi Jige huǎpíng, Qīngwàn, nor you mài
          huāpíngde?
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiǎng chuqu mǎi diǎnr féizāo. Qīngwàn, nǎr yǒu xiaomàibǔ?
        </para>
        <para>
          D.
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          U.
        </para>
        <para>
          5.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          C, Transformation Drill
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1. Speaker: Xinhua Shūdiàn lí zhèr yuan bu yuan?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          (Is the Nev China Bookstore far from here?)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2, Dōngdān GōngyuÉn lí zhèr yuan bu yuan?
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. CàiehichSng lí zhèr yuān bu yuan?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          U. Diànyīngyuàn lí zhèr yuan bu yuán?
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              5. Wángfūjīng Dàjiē lí zhèr yuSn bu yuān?
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              6. BěiJIng Fàndiàn lí zhèr yuan bu yuàn?
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              7. Xuexiào lí zhèr yuan bu yuan?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          You: Xinhua Shūdiàn lí zhèr yuān ma? (Is the Nev China
          Bookstore far from here?)
        </para>
        <para>
          Dóngdān Gōngyuán lí zhèr yuān ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          CàishichSng lí zhèr yuān ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          Diànyīngyuàn lí zhèr yuSn ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          Wángfujīng Dàjiē lí zhèr yuan ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          Beijing Fàndiàn lí zhèr yuan ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          XuSxiào lí zhèr yuSn ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          D. Expansion Drill
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1, Speaker: Xīnhuá Shūdiàn lí zhèr yuan ma?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          (Is the Nev China Bookstore far from here?)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. Wángfujīng Dàjiē lí zhèr yuSn ma?
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3, Dōngdān Gōngyuán lí zhèr yuSn ma?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          U, Dōngdān Diànyīngyuàn lí zhèr yuān ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          5. Dōngdān CàiBhlchāng lí zhèr yuSn ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          You: Xīnhuá Shūdiàn lí zhèr yuan ma? Cōng zhèr dào nàr qù,
          z?nme zōu?
        </para>
        <para>
          (Is the Nev China Bookstore far from here? How do you get
          there from here?)
        </para>
        <para>
          Wángfujīng Dàjiē lí zhèr yuKn ma? Cóng zhèr dào nàr qù, zěnme
          zSu?
        </para>
        <para>
          Dōngdān Gōngyuán lí zhèr yuān ma? Cāng zhèr dào nar qù, zěnme
          zōu?
        </para>
        <para>
          Dōngdān Diànyīngyuàn lí zhèr yuān ma? CÓng zhèr dào nàr qù,
          zěnme zōu?
        </para>
        <para>
          Dōngdān CàishichSng lí zhèr yuSn ma? Cóng zhèr dào nàr qù,
          zěnme zōu?
        </para>
        <para>
          6. Běijīng Fàndiàn lí zhèr yuan ma? Beijīng Fàndiàn lí zhèr
          yuǎn ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          Cōng zhèr dào nàr qù, zenme zǒu?             F.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          7. Xuěxiào lí zhèr yuan ma?           Xuěxiào lí zhèr yuan ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          Cāng zhèr dào nàr qù, zěnme zSu?
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          E. Response Drill
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1. Speaker; Xīnhuǎ Shūdiàn lí zhèr yuan ma?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          (Is the New China Bookstore far from here?)
        </para>
        <para>
          OR YǑuzhèngJú lí zher Jìn ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          (is the post office nearby Cclose to here!?
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. Dòngōān Càishichǎng lí nàr yuǎn ma?
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. Dōngdǎn Diànyīngyuàn lí zhèr J in ma?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          U. Dōngdǎn Gōngyuún lí nar yuan ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          5. Wǎngfǔjīng Dàjiē lí zhèr Jin ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          6, Xiǎomàibù lí zhèr yuan ma?
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          You: Xīnhuǎ Shūdiàn lí zhèr bù yuan, hen jin,
        </para>
        <para>
          (The New China Bookstore isn't far from here. It's quite
          close.)
        </para>
        <para>
          Yōuzhèngjú lí zhèr bú jin, hen yuǎn,
        </para>
        <para>
          (The post office isn't nearby.
        </para>
        <para>
          ) It's quite faraway,)
        </para>
        <para>
          Dongdǎn Càishichǎng lí nàr bù yuan, ben Jin.
        </para>
        <para>
          Dōngdǎn Diànyīngyuàn lí zhèr bú Jìn, hěn yuǎn.
        </para>
        <para>
          Dōngdǎn Gōngyu&amp;n lí nàr bù yuan, běn Jìn.
        </para>
        <para>
          WÈngfùjīng Dàjiē lí zhèr bú jìn, hèn yuan.
        </para>
        <para>
          Xiǎomàibù lí zhèr bù yuǎn, hěn jìn.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          2.
        </para>
        <para>
          3.
        </para>
        <para>
          It,
        </para>
        <para>
          5.
        </para>
        <para>
          6.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          G,
        </para>
        <para>
          1.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          F. Response Drill
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1. Speaker: Neige gongyuán lí zhèr yuan ma?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          (is that park far from here?)
        </para>
        <para>
          OR Nèige yōuzhèngjū lí zhèr jìn ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          (is that post office nearby?)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. Nèige xuexiao lí zhèr yuan ma?
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. Neige caishichǎng lí zhèr J in ma?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              U. Nèige dìfang lí zhèr yuSn ma?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          5. Nèige shūdiàn lí zhèr yuan ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          6. Nèige shǎngdiàn lí zhèr jin ma?
        </para>
        <para>
          You: Nèige gongyuán lí zhèr bù yuSn, women kéyi zǒuzhe qù.
        </para>
        <para>
          (That park isn’t far from here. We can walk.)
        </para>
        <para>
          Nèige yōuzhèngjū lí zbèr hen jin, wSmen key! zǒuzhe qù. (That
          post office is very close to here. We can walk.)
        </para>
        <para>
          Neige xuexiao lí zhèr bù yuSn, wǒmen kéyi zǒuzhe qù.
        </para>
        <para>
          Nèige càishichǎng lí zhèr hen J in, wǒmen kéyi zouzhe qù.
        </para>
        <para>
          Nèige dìfang lí zhèr bù yuan, wǒmen kéyi zǒuzhe qù.
        </para>
        <para>
          Neige shūdiàn lí zhèr bù yuSn, wǒmen kéyi zǒuzhe qù.
        </para>
        <para>
          Nèige shangdiàn lí zhèr hǒn JIn, women kéyi zǒuzhe qù.
        </para>
        <para>
          Response Drill
        </para>
        <para>
          Speaker: Nī cong dàmén chǔqu, cháo bei guǎi, jiù shi.
        </para>
        <para>
          (You go out the entrance, turn to the north, and that's it.)
        </para>
        <para>
          OR Wǒ cong dàmén chúqu, cháo bei guǎi, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          (I go out the entrance and turn to the north. Is that
          correct?)
        </para>
        <para>
          Nī cóng Xīnhuá Shūdiàn chǔqu, cháo dōng guǎi, jiù shi.
        </para>
        <para>
          You: Wǒ cóng dàmén chǔqu, cháo bei guǎi, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          (I go out the entrance and turn to the north. Is that
          correct?)
        </para>
        <para>
          Duì le, Nī cóng dàmén chǔqu, cháo běi guǎi, Jiù shì.
        </para>
        <para>
          (That's correct. You go out the entrance, turn to the north,
          and that’s it.)
        </para>
        <para>
          Wo cóng Xīnhuá Shūdiàn chǔqu, cháo dōng guǎi, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          3, w3 cǒng diànylngyuàn chǔqu, chao nèn guǎi, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          lí. Nī cǒng eàishichāng chǔqu, Chao xī guǎi, Jiù shì.
        </para>
        <para>
          5. Wo cóng gōngyuǎn chǔqu, chǎo zuo guǎi, duì bu duiī
        </para>
        <para>
          6. Ml cǒng xiǎomàibù chǔqu, chfio you guǎi, Jiù shir
        </para>
        <para>
          Duì le. Ní cǒng diànyīngyuān chǔqu, chǎo nǎn guǎi, Jiù shì.
        </para>
        <para>
          WS cǒng eàishichāng chǔqu, chǎo xī guǎi, duì bu duiī
        </para>
        <para>
          Duì le. Nī cǒng gōngyuǎn chuqu, chao zuǑ guǎi, jiù shì.
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǒ cong xiaomàibù chǔqu, chǎo you guai, duì bu duiī
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              H. Response Drill
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1. Speaker: Nī xianzài chǔqu mai bào ma? (cue) bei
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          {Are you going out now to buy a newspaper?)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. Nī Jīntiān chǔau mǎi shǔ ma? xī
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. Nī xianzài chǔqu mǎi píngguǒ ma? dong
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          1|. Nī Jīntiān shàngwǔ chǔqu mǎi pǎnziwǎn ma? ySu
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              5. Nī jīntiān zǎoshang chǔqu mǎi zàzhì ma? nǎn
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              6. Nī xiànzài chǔqu mai Júzi ma? zuǒ
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              7. Nī Jīntiān chǔqu mǎi píjiǔ ma? xī
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          You: Duì le, wo cǒng dàmén chǔqu, chǎo běi guǎi, Jiù you mài
          bàode, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          (That's right. I go out the entrance, turn to the north, and
          there's a place that sells newspapers. Is that correct?)
        </para>
        <para>
          Duì le, wǒ cong dàmén chǔqu, chǎo xī guǎi, Jiù yǒu mài shǔde,
          duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          Duì le, wǒ cong dàmén chǔqu, chao dōng guǎi, jiù yǒu mài
          píngguŌde, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          Duì le, wo c6ng dàmén chǔqu, chao yùu guǎi, Jiù you mài
          pánziwǎnde, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          Duì le, wǒ cǒng dàmen chǔqu, chǎo nǎn guǎi, Jiù yǒu mài
          zǎzhìde, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          Duì le, wo cong dàmen chǔqu, chǎo zuǒ guǎi, Jiù yǒu mài
          jǔzide, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          Duì le, wǒ cǒng dàmén chǔqu, chao xī guai, jiù yǒu mài
          píjiǔde, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          2
        </para>
        <para>
          3.
        </para>
        <para>
          H.
        </para>
        <para>
          5.
        </para>
        <para>
          6.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Is n
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          I. Response Drill
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1. Speaker; Xīrihuǎ Shǔdiàn lí zhèr hen jìn.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          (cue) How far do I go?
        </para>
        <para>
          (The New China Bookstore is quite close-by.)
        </para>
        <para>
          OH XīnhuS Shūdiàn lí zhèr hen jìn.
        </para>
        <para>
          (cue) How do I go?
        </para>
        <para>
          (The New China Bookstore is quite close-by.)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. Wǎngfujīng DÈJiē if zhèr hen jìn. How far do I go?
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. Xiǎomàibù lí zhèr hen jìn.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          How do I go?
        </para>
        <para>
          1*. Dōngdǎn Gōngyuín if zhèr hen jìn.    How far do I go?
        </para>
        <para>
          5- Dōngdǎn Diànyīngyuàn lí zhèr hěn Jìn.    How do I go?
        </para>
        <para>
          6. Mínzū Fàndiàn lí zhèr hěn jìn. How far do I go?
        </para>
        <para>
          You: Zouzhe qù kéyi ma? Zǒu duS yuǎn?
        </para>
        <para>
          (Can I walk? How far do I have to go?)
        </para>
        <para>
          Zouzhe qù kéyi ma? Zenme zǒu? (Can I walk? How do I go?)
        </para>
        <para>
          Zǒuzhe qù kéyi ma? Zou duS yuǎn?
        </para>
        <para>
          Zǒuzhe qù kéyi ma? Zěnme zǒu?
        </para>
        <para>
          Zǒuzhe qù kéyi ma? Zǒu dufi yuǎn?
        </para>
        <para>
          Zǒuzhe qù kéyi ma? Zenme zSu?
        </para>
        <para>
          Zǒuzhe qù kéyi ma? Zǒu duS yuǎn?
        </para>
        <para>
          J. Response Drill
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1, Speaker: Tā jīntiān chūlai mai shū le ma?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          (cue) no
        </para>
        <para>
          (Did he come out to buy books today?)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. Nī Jīntiān shàngwǔ chūqu le ma? yes
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3, !īī kànguo neige diànyīng ma? no
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          U. Tā kàn neige diànyīng le ma? no
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              5, Wáng XíSnsheng xiàwū chūqu le ma? yes
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              6. Tā dào nàíge càishichǎng qùguo ma? no
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              7. Tā yījīng chūlai le ma?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          not yet
        </para>
        <para>
          You: Tā jīntiān mei chūlai mai shū (He didn’t come out to buy
          books today.)
        </para>
        <para>
          W5 Jīntiān shàngwū chūqu le.
        </para>
        <para>
          W3 mei kàtiguo nèige diànyīng.
        </para>
        <para>
          Tā mei kàn neige diànyīng.
        </para>
        <para>
          Wāng Xiānsheng xiàwǔ chūqu le.
        </para>
        <para>
          Tā mei dào nàige càishichǎng qūguo
        </para>
        <para>
          Tā hāi měi chūlai ne.
        </para>
        <para>
          IT<superscript>1</superscript>*
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          UNIT 4
        </para>
      </section>
      <section xml:id="reference-list-3">
        <title><anchor id="bookmark39" /><anchor id="bookmark73" />REFERENCE
        LIST</title>
        <para>
          (in Taipei)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1. A: Qīngwèn canting zai Jīlóu?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              B: Zài èrlóu.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. A; Ou, wǒ zuǒ diàntī dào èrlóu. Xiàle diàntī wàng
              nabian zǒu?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              B: Xiàle diàntī, wàng yòu zou, jiù shi canting.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. A: Qīngwèn, nīmen zhèli you meiyou llfSde dìfang?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              C: You. Cóng zhèli wàng zuǒ zǒu. Xià lóu, Jiù kànjian le.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          b.<anchor id="footnote1" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark74">1</link></superscript>A:
          Wǒ xiān cóng zhèli wàng zuǒ zǒu. Rānhāu xià lóutī Jiù kanjian
          le, shì bu shi?
        </para>
        <para>
          C: Shi.
        </para>
        <para>
          5. A: Jīlóu mài dìtù?
        </para>
        <para>
          D: Èrlóu.
        </para>
        <para>
          A: Zenme zǒu?
        </para>
        <para>
          D: Wàng hòu yìzhí zǒu. Shāng lóu, yòùbian Jiù shi mài dìtííde.
        </para>
        <para>
          6.
          <superscript><link linkend="bookmark74">1</link></superscript> A:
          Wo xiān wàng hòu yìzhí zǒu, shàng lóu, zuǒbian Jiù shi, shì bu
          shi?
        </para>
        <para>
          D: Bfi shì. Youbian Jiù shi mài dìtúde.
        </para>
        <para>
          May I ask, on what floor is the dining room?
        </para>
        <para>
          It's on the second floor.
        </para>
        <para>
          Ch, I take the elevator to the second floor. When I have
          gotten off the elevator, which way do I go?
        </para>
        <para>
          When you have gotten off the elevator, go to the right, and
          that’s the restaurant.
        </para>
        <para>
          May I ask, is there a place to get a haircut here?
        </para>
        <para>
          Yes. From here you go to the left. Go downstairs, and then
          you’ll see it.
        </para>
        <para>
          From here I first go to the left. After that, when I have gone
          downstairs, I'll see it. Is that it?
        </para>
        <para>
          Yes.
        </para>
        <para>
          On what floor are maps sold?
        </para>
        <para>
          The second floor.
        </para>
        <para>
          How do I get there {go)?
        </para>
        <para>
          Go straight to the back. Go upstairs, and the map department
          is (just) on the right.
        </para>
        <para>
          First, I go straight to the back. Then, I go upstairs. And the
          map department is on the left. Is that it?
        </para>
        <para>
          No, the map department is (just) on the right.
        </para>
        <para>
          7. A: XīshEujiān zài eh&amp;me          Where is the washroom?
        </para>
        <para>
          dìfangī
        </para>
        <para>
          E: Zài nàli. Wàng 11 z3u, zài. It’s over there. Go all the way
          in, yòubian.                         and it’a on the right.
        </para>
        <para>
          ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and P-1
          tapes)
        </para>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="3">
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <colspec align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    8.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    qián
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    front, ahead
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    9.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    duìmi an (duìmiànr)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    the side facing; across from, opposite, facing
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    10.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    zhehian (zhàihi an r)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    this way, this aide
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    11.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    nàbian (nèihianr)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    that way, that side
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    12.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    lóutī
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    staircase, stairway, stairs
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    13.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    zíulāng
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    corridor
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    1U,
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    cesuo
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    toilet, rest rooci
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    15*
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    jin
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    to enter
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    1&amp;
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    -ton
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    end £ occurs in place words)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    17.
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    -mian(r)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    surface (occurs in place words}
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        <informaltable>
          <tgroup cols="2">
            <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
            <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    VOCABULARY
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    canting cèsuo
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    dining room toilet, rest room
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    diàntī
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    duìmiàn (duìmi ànr)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    elevator
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    the side facing; across from, opposite, facing
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    hèu
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    houbían (hōubianr)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    back the back aide
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    JīlSu
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    J tn
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    what floor to enter
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    kànjlan
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    to see
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    līfà
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    llfade dìfang
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    -lóu
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    lóutī
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    to cut hair
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    a place where hair is cut floor, story of a building
                    staircase, stairway, stairs
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    -mian(r)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    surface (occurs in place words
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    nìíbian (neibianr) nàbian (nàibianr)
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    which way, which side that way, that side
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    qian
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    lí*
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    front, ahead
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    shàng
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    shàng lóu
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    to go up
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    to go/ccme upstairs
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    -tou
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    end (occurs in place words)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    xià
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    xià lóu xīshSuJiān
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    to go down
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    to go/come downstairs washroom
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    zhàbian (zhèibianr) sóulóng
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    xuò
                  </para>
                </entry>
                <entry>
                  <para>
                    this way, this side corridor
                  </para>
                  <para>
                    to ride (prepositional verb)
                  </para>
                </entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>
        <para>
          (introduced on C-2 and P-2 tapes)
        </para>
        <para>
          bàngōngshì wàng yàoshi yìbēl
        </para>
        <para>
          office
        </para>
        <para>
          to forget
        </para>
        <para>
          if
        </para>
        <para>
          a cup of
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          in
        </para>
      </section>
    </section>
    <section xml:id="reference-notes-3">
      <title><anchor id="bookmark4" /><anchor id="bookmark75" />REFERENCE
      NOTES</title>
      <para>
      </para>
    </section>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      1, A: Qīngwàn, canting ;àí Jflfiuī
    </para>
    <para>
      B; Zài èrlou.
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      May I ask, on what floor is the dining room!
    </para>
    <para>
      It's on the second floor.
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Hi
    </para>
    <para>
      Sf
    </para>
    <para>
      St
    </para>
    <para>
      &quot;c
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Notes on No. 1
    </para>
    <para>
      Canting is the word for the dining room of a hotel, A dining room
      in a house is a fantīng, and an independent restaurant is a
      fànguǎnzi (fànguànr).
    </para>
    <para>
      3.
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Jīl&amp;u is the question &quot;what floor,&quot; more literally,
      &quot;what-number floor.&quot;
    </para>
    <para>
      U,
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      2. A: òu, wǒ zuè diàntī ùào àrlóu. Xlàle diant” wàng nSbian zǒuī
    </para>
    <para>
      B: Xiàle diàntī, wàng y&amp;u. zSu, Jiù shi canting.
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Oh, I take the elevator to the second floor. When I have gotten
      off the elevator, which way ūo I go?
    </para>
    <para>
      When you have gotten off the elevator, go to the right, and that’s
      the restaurant,
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Notes on No. £
    </para>
    <para>
      Zuo diàntī: The verb auB, literally &quot;to sit,&quot; is also
      used for <superscript>n</superscript>to ride&quot; or &quot;to go
      via&quot; some means of transportation (car, plane, boat, train,
      etc.). Thus the phrase zuS diàntī means &quot;to ride the
      elevator.”
    </para>
    <para>
      Ěrlou: For the number of a floor in a building, the word for
      &quot;two&quot; is Ěr, rather than liang.
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      No
    </para>
    <para>
      th
    </para>
    <para>
      ph ví
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Dao àrlSu: This dào la the main verb, meaning &quot;to
      reach,&quot; &quot;to get to.&quot; Literally, the first sentence
      in exchange 2 means &quot;riding the elevator reach the second
      floor.&quot; The verb dào is commonly used instead Of dào... qà,
      &quot;to go to...,&quot; for naming several places to be passed
      through. Here is another examples
    </para>
    <para>
      W8 xiān dào Beijīng, rànhòu I'm going to Beijīng first, and then
      zài dào Ēhěnyáng.               to Shenyang,
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      ITS
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      ha no (1 ve re &quot;t wi
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Notice that the verb
      ’’go<anchor id="footnote2" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark76">2</link>1</superscript>
      is used in the English translation of this sentence, although the
      Chinese says ’’reach.&quot;
    </para>
    <para>
      Wàng nǎbian _zou; To ask the question &quot;Go which way?&quot; in
      Chinese, you say literally <superscript>ri</superscript>TowardB
      where go7&quot; Wàng nǎbian {náli, nar) zǒuī To say &quot;Come
      this way&quot; and &quot;Go that way,&quot; you use the same
      pattern: Wàng zhèbian (zhèli, zher) lǎi and Wàng nabian (nàli,
      nàr) qù.
    </para>
    <para>
      3. A: Qíngwèn, nīmen zhèli yǒu meiyou lífade dìfang?
    </para>
    <para>
      C: Yǒu. Cong zhèli wàng zuo zǒu. Xià lou, jiù kànjian le.
    </para>
    <para>
      1<superscript><link linkend="bookmark76">2</link></superscript>.
      A: Wǒ xiàn cǒng zhèli wàng zuǒ zou. Rǎnhòu xià loutI Jiù kànjian
      le, shì bu shi?
    </para>
    <para>
      C: Shì.
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      May I ask, is there a place to get a haircut here?
    </para>
    <para>
      Yes. From here you go to the left. Go downstairs, and then you'll
      see it.
    </para>
    <para>
      From here I first go to the left. After that, when I have gone
      downstairs, I'll see it. Is that Ìt7
    </para>
    <para>
      Yes.
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Motes on Nos, 3-4
    </para>
    <para>
      Lǐfǎde dìfang means, literally, &quot;a place where they cut
      hair.&quot; Note that 11fa is also pronounced lìfà.
      <superscript><link linkend="bookmark76">2</link></superscript>
    </para>
    <para>
      Xià lǒu literally means &quot;descend from an upper story.&quot;
      The English phrase &quot;go/come downstairs&quot; looks at the
      same action from another point of view: descend to a lower story.
    </para>
    <para>
      The verb kànjian, &quot;to see,&quot; is called a COMPOUND VERB OF
      RESULT, You have already learned about compound verbs made up of a
      verb indicating motion (such as chū, &quot;to exit&quot;) followed
      by a verb indicating direction (lai or gù); chuqu, chūlai. Now you
      see, in exchanges 3 and li, a compound verb made up of an action
      verb (kàn, &quot;to look&quot;) and a verb expressing the result
      of that action (Jiàn, &quot;to perceive&quot;). Kànjí an can be
      understood as &quot;to look with the result of perceiving,&quot;
      that is, &quot;to see.&quot; Contrast kàn with kànjian:
    </para>
    <para>
      Wo kànle kěshl mei kànjian. I looked but I didn't see.
    </para>
    <para>
      Here are other examples of compound ting, &quot;to listenand kān:
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      verbs of result containing the verbs
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Tā gēn ní shuō huà ne.
    </para>
    <para>
      Hi tīngjian le meiyou?
    </para>
    <para>
      Kànjian dìyīge lùkou, wang zuǒ guai.
    </para>
    <para>
      (Additional characteristics and uses explained when examples occur
      in the
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      She is talking with you. Did you hear her?
    </para>
    <para>
      Take your first left, (literally, &quot;When you see the first
      intersec tion, turn left.*<superscript>1</superscript>)
    </para>
    <para>
      of compound verbs of result will be unit Reference Lists.)
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      5. A; Jīlou mài dìtū?
    </para>
    <para>
      D: Èrlou,
    </para>
    <para>
      A: Zěnme zǒu?
    </para>
    <para>
      D: Wàng hòu yìzhí zǒu. Shàng lou, yòubian Jiù shi mài dìtúde.
    </para>
    <para>
      6. A: WS xian wàng hòu yìzhí zou<subscript>}</subscript> shàng
      lǑu, zuobian Jiù shì, shì bu shi?
    </para>
    <para>
      D: Bú shì. YÈubian Jiù shi mai dìtúde.
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      On what floor are maps sold?
    </para>
    <para>
      The second floor.
    </para>
    <para>
      How do I get there {go)?
    </para>
    <para>
      Go straight to the back. Go upstairs, and the nap department is
      (Just) on the right.
    </para>
    <para>
      First, I go straight to the back. Then, I go upstairs. And the map
      department is on the left. Is that it?
    </para>
    <para>
      No, the map department is (just) on the right.
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      Notes on Nos. 5-6
    </para>
    <para>
      Jǐlou mai dìfíí? looks as if it should mean &quot;What floor sells
      maps?” Actually, Jilou is''a place-word topic, which is translated
      into English with a prepositional phrase: &quot;on what
      floor&quot; Then a subject is added: &quot;’On what floor do they
      sell maps?&quot; Or the verb is put into passive tense: &quot;On
      what floor are maps sold?&quot;
    </para>
    <para>
      Shàng 16u means, literally, &quot;ascend to an upper story,&quot;
      that is, &quot;go/ come upstairs.&quot;
    </para>
    <para>
      7. A: Xǐshǒujiān zài Ehénme          Where is the washroom?
    </para>
    <para>
      dìfang?
    </para>
    <para>
      E: Zài nàli. Wàng lǐ zǒu, zài It's over there. Go all the way in,
      yàubian.                        and it*e on the right.
    </para>
    <para>
      Notes on No. 7
    </para>
    <para>
      Literally, xlshSujíān means a &quot;wash-hands room,&quot; which
      sometimes contains only a sink. In a house, the xǐzaojiān, meaning
      literally &quot;take-a-bath room,&quot; may contain only a
      bathtub. The politest way to ask about a bathroom is to use
      xlshǒujiān. However, this Westernized way of asking may not be
      understood everywhere in China, To be sure you are directed to a
      room with a toilet, use the more specific word cesuo,
      &quot;toilet,<superscript>1</superscript>* &quot;rest
      room<superscript>1</superscript>’: Qìnigwèn, cèsuǒ zài nàli?
      &quot;May I ask, where is the toilet?”
    </para>
    <para>
      Wàng 11 means, literally, &quot;towards the inside.&quot; In
      English, you say &quot;go to the back,&quot; whatever the shape of
      the room. In Chinese, you say wàng lī zǒu for a narrow
      one-corridor room and wàng hdu zǒu for a wide room.
    </para>
    <para>
      <inlinemediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-34.jpg" />
        </imageobject>
      </inlinemediaobject>
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      <inlinemediaobject>
        <imageobject>
          <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-35.jpg" />
        </imageobject>
      </inlinemediaobject>
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <informaltable>
      <tgroup cols="3">
        <colspec align="left" />
        <colspec align="left" />
        <colspec align="left" />
        <tbody>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                s.
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                qian
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                front, ahead
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                9.
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                duìmiùn (duìmiànr)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                the side facing; across from,
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
            </entry>
            <entry>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                opposite, facing
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                10.
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                Xhèbian (zhàibianr)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                this way, this side
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                11.
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                nabian (nèibianr)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                that way, that side
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                12.
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                lĒutī
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                staircase, stairway, stairs
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                13.
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                rǒulāng
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                corridor
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                Ilf.
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                cesuo
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                toilet, rest room
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                15.
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                jìn
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                to enter
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                16,
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                -tou
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                end (occurs in place words)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                17.
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                -mían(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                surface (occurs in place words
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
        </tbody>
      </tgroup>
    </informaltable>
    <para>
      Notes on Additional Required Vocabulary
    </para>
    <para>
      Puimīàn is a place word. It is a noun. Like other nouns, duìmíùn
      car. be modified by a de phrase. For example:
    </para>
    <para>
      Diānyīn^ru&amp;n zài gongyuánde The theater 10 across from the
      park, duìiniàn,                         (literally, ’’The theater
      is at the
    </para>
    <para>
      park's facing side,<superscript>1</superscript>’}
    </para>
    <para>
      ZSulāng: Originally, this word referred to on open, roofed
      corridor along the side of a building. It now refers also to
      hallways inside a building,
    </para>
    <para>
      Guole zhege zíuláng Jiù shi When you have passed through this
      canting.                        corridor, that’s the dining roctn.
    </para>
    <para>
      The verb jin, &quot;to enter,&quot; functions in a sentence much
      like the verb chū, ”to exit.
    </para>
    <para>
      Jìnle zhàge dàmāo, wàng you When you have entered the main door,
      zou, Jiù shi canting.          go to the right, and that's the
    </para>
    <para>
      dining room.
    </para>
    <para>
      Like the verb chū, Jin must be followed either by a word naming
      the place entered or by a directional ending such as qu or lai.
    </para>
    <para>
      Nī Jìnqu, wàng auǒ tSu, Jiù Go in and go to the left. That’s shi
      mai baode.                  where they sell newspapers.
    </para>
    <para>
      (An exception is the phrase Qīng Jìn, &quot;Please come in,&quot;
      which does not need the ending -lai■)
    </para>
    <para>
      The syllable -tou, &quot;end,&quot; may be added to a direction
      word such as hÒu &quot;back,&quot; to change it into a place word,
      hòutou, &quot;back.&quot; One-syllable direction words like 11 and
      hòu may be used after wàng, &quot;towards.&quot; In most other
      situations, you must use a place word made up of the direction
      word and an ending such as -bian(r), -tou, or -mian(r).
    </para>
    <para>
      The syllable -tou does -bian(r) and -mian(r) do, &quot;&quot;’ii
            *- if ■’------------
    </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
    <para>
      not combine with as many direction words as For instance, -tou
      does not combine with ’’left
    </para>
    <para>
      and &quot;right.&quot; (See the chart below.) Forma ending in -tou
      are especially common in Beijing.
    </para>
    <para>
      The syllable -mian(r), &quot;surface,&quot; may also be added to a
      direction word to make a place word. Notice that while this
      syllable combines with more forms than -tou does, -m ian(r) is not
      as common as -bian(r).
    </para>
    <para>
      DIRECTION NAMES
    </para>
    <para>
      PLACE NAMES
    </para>
    <informaltable>
      <tgroup cols="4">
        <colspec align="left" />
        <colspec align="left" />
        <colspec align="left" />
        <colspec align="left" />
        <tbody>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                dong
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                dōngbian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
            </entry>
            <entry>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                nan
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                nanbian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
            </entry>
            <entry>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                xī
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                xībian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
            </entry>
            <entry>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                bei
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                běibian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
            </entry>
            <entry>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                lī
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                lībian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                lītou
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                līmian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                wài
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                wàibian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                wàitou
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                waimian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                QiÉn
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                qiÉnbian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                qiántou
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                qianmian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                hòu
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                hòubian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                houtou
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                hòumian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                zuS
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                zuòbian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                zuSmian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                you
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                youbian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                youmian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                shàng
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                shāngbian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                shàngtou
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                shàngmian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
              <para>
                xia
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                xiàbian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                xiàtou
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                xiàmian(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
          </row>
          <row>
            <entry>
            </entry>
            <entry>
              <para>
                pángbiān(r)
              </para>
            </entry>
            <entry>
            </entry>
            <entry>
            </entry>
          </row>
        </tbody>
      </tgroup>
    </informaltable>
    <section xml:id="vocabulary-booster-1">
      <title><anchor id="bookmark77" /><anchor id="bookmark78" />VOCABULARY
      BOOSTER</title>
      <para>
        Buildings and Institutions
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="2">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  apartment &quot;building auditorium
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  gōngyùlÉu dèlltÉng
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Bank
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  yínhíng
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  bar
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Jiubā
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  bus station
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  chèngtúqìohēzhÈn
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  cafeteria
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  zìshùcanting
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  castle
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  chéngbao
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  church
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Jlàotáng
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  company
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  gōngsí
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  court
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  fāyuan
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  dormitory
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  sùshè
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  exhibit hall
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  z haul Ēn guan
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  factory
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  chǎngfíng Lt he           *
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  gōngchǎng Lthe thing1
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  farm
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  nĚngchSng
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  fire department
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  xiāofángduī
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  gas station
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Jiāyóuzhàn, qìyouzhān
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  gymnasium
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  tīyùguǎn
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  hospital
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  yīyuàn
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  hotel
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  luguSn, lUshē, fàndiàn La large,
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  modern hotel vith a restaurant
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  also means <superscript>Jl</superscript>restaurant.*']
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  library
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  túshūguǎn
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  market
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  shichSng
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  memorial hall
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Jìniàrstáng
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  mosque
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  qīngzhēūĒÌ
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  motel
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  qìchě luguSn
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  movie theater
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  diànyīngyuàn
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  museum
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  bSwùguSn
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  observatory
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  tlānwēntái
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  office building
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  bàngōnglóu
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  organization
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  jīguān
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  pagoda
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  baotS
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  palace
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  gōngdiàn
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  parking lot
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  tfngchēchǎng
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  pavilion
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  tíngzi
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        Ifih
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="2">
          <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
          <colspec colwidth="50*" align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  police station post office prison
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  jīngchājú CTaiwan]; gSngānjú. EPRCJ yáujú, yóuzhèngjú
                </para>
                <para>
                  Jiānyù
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  railroad, station ranch residence restaurant
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  huǒchezhàn
                </para>
                <para>
                  mùchàng zhùzhái fànguānzi, fànguSnr, fàndiàn
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  school
                </para>
                <para>
                  shop
                </para>
                <para>
                  single-story house skyscraper stadium supermarket
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  xuéxiào shāngdiàn píngfáng
                </para>
                <para>
                  mÉtiān dàshà (mótiān dàxià) tīyuchǎng
                </para>
                <para>
                  chācj íshìchSng
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  television station t emple theater
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  diànshitái
                </para>
                <para>
                  míào
                </para>
                <para>
                  Jùchǎng; xìyuàn Cold word]
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  villa
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  &quot;biéshù
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        And some Chinese terms that do not have simple English
        translations:
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="2">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  huāyuān yángfáng
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Western-style house with garden
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  shēnzhāi dàyuàn
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  compound of connecting courtyards, each courtyard
                  surrounded hy living quarters
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  sìhéyuànr
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  compound with houses around a courtyard
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <section xml:id="drills-3">
        <title><anchor id="bookmark43" /><anchor id="bookmark79" />DRILLS</title>
        <para>
          A, Substitution Drill
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1. Speaker: Qlngwèn, cèsuB zài jllou?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          (cue) mai shude
        </para>
        <para>
          (May I ask, on what floor is the toilet?)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. Qlngwèn, māi shūde zāi jìlSuī māi píjiùde
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. Qlngwèn, māi píjiūde zāi jīlfiu? mai tángde
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          lj. Qlngwèn, māi tángde zāi jíl&amp;u? xiSomāìbù
        </para>
        <para>
          5. Qlngwèn, xiSomaibā. zāi Jīlóu? cèsuS
        </para>
        <para>
          6, Qlngwèn, cèsuǒ zāi JīlSu?
        </para>
        <para>
          mài huāpíngde
        </para>
        <para>
          You: Qlngwèn, mai shūde zāi jllāu? (May I ask, on what floor
          are books sold?)
        </para>
        <para>
          Qlngwèn, mai píjiǔde zài JīlSu?
        </para>
        <para>
          Qlngwèn, māi tángde zài jllóu?
        </para>
        <para>
          Qlngwèn, xiāomàibù. zāi jìlou?
        </para>
        <para>
          Qlngwèn, cèsuí zài Jīlóu?
        </para>
        <para>
          Qlngwèn, mài huāpíngde zāi jīlou?
        </para>
        <para>
          B, Transformation. Drill
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1, Speaker: Qlngwèn, canting zāi jīlSu?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          (cue) er
        </para>
        <para>
          (May I ask, on what floor is the dining room?)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. Qlngwèn, cèsuS zāi jīlSu? sīn
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. Qlngwèn, māi tángde zāi jīlfiu? wu
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          lì, Qlngwen, māi shūde zài Jll6u? si
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              5. Qlngwèn, māi huāpíngde zāi jīlÈu? liù
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          You: Qlngwen, canting zài èrlou, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          (May I ask, the dining room is on the second floor. Is that
          correct?)
        </para>
        <para>
          Qlngwèn, cèsuS zāi sānlāu, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          Qlngwèn, māi tángde zài wǔiāu, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          Qǐngwèn, māi shūde zāi sìlou, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          Qlngwèn, māi huāpíngde zài liūláu, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              6. Qīngwèn, mài yǔsǎnde zài Jīléu? sān
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              7. Qīngwèn, mài fáizāode zài jīlóu'í er
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          Qīngwèn, mai yǔsande zài sānláu, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          Qīngwèn, mài fáizàode zài èrlóu, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          C.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Expansion Drill
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          1.
        </para>
        <para>
          Speaker: Wo yào mài Bhǔ.
        </para>
        <para>
          (cue) shǔdiàn
        </para>
        <para>
          You: Wo yào mài shū. Qīngwèn, zhèr fujìn yKu meiyou shǔdiàn?
        </para>
        <para>
          (l want to
        </para>
        <para>
          buy a book.)
        </para>
        <para>
          (l want to buy a book. May I ask, is there a bookstore around
          here?)
        </para>
        <para>
          2.
        </para>
        <para>
          W5
        </para>
        <para>
          yào
        </para>
        <para>
          mai tang.
        </para>
        <para>
          mài tángde
        </para>
        <para>
          W3 yào mǎi tāng. Qīngwèn, zhèr fùjìn y3u meiyou mài tángde?
        </para>
        <para>
          3.
        </para>
        <para>
          Wo
        </para>
        <para>
          yào
        </para>
        <para>
          mai dītǔ.
        </para>
        <para>
          shǔdiàn
        </para>
        <para>
          W5 yào mài dītú. Qīngwèn, zkÈr fùjìn you meiyou shǔdiàn?
        </para>
        <para>
          1*.
        </para>
        <para>
          Wo
        </para>
        <para>
          yào
        </para>
        <para>
          huàn aiān.
        </para>
        <para>
          yfrihSng
        </para>
        <para>
          Wo yào huàn qián. Qīngwèn, zhèr fùjìn yíu meiyou yínháng?
        </para>
        <para>
          5.
        </para>
        <para>
          Wo
        </para>
        <para>
          (
        </para>
        <para>
          yào kàn diànyīng. iiànyǐngyuàn
        </para>
        <para>
          Wo yào kàn diànyīng. Qīngwèn, zhèr fùjìn you meiyou
          diànyīngyuàn?
        </para>
        <para>
          6*
        </para>
        <para>
          Wo
        </para>
        <para>
          yào
        </para>
        <para>
          mài bào.
        </para>
        <para>
          mài bàode
        </para>
        <para>
          Wo yào mSi bào. Qīngwèn, zhèr fùjìn you meiyou mài bàode?
        </para>
        <para>
          7.
        </para>
        <para>
          w3
        </para>
        <para>
          yào
        </para>
        <para>
          mai feizào.
        </para>
        <para>
          shāngdiàn
        </para>
        <para>
          Wo yào mài féizào. Qīngwèn, zber
        </para>
        <para>
          fujìn y3u meiyou shāngdiàn?
        </para>
        <para>
          D. Transformation, Drill
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1, Speaker: Jīlóu mài dìtú?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          {cue) èrlou
        </para>
        <para>
          (On what floor are maps sold?)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. Jīléu mài huāpíng? sānlōu
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. Jīláu mài tang? wǔlǔu
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          li. Jīlou mài pánziwǎn? sānlou
        </para>
        <para>
          You: Èrlou y5u meiyou mài dìtfide?
        </para>
        <para>
          {On the second floor is there a place where maps are sold?)
        </para>
        <para>
          Sānlou you meiyou mài huāpīngde?
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǔlou you meiyou mài tángde?
        </para>
        <para>
          Sānlou you meiyou mài pánziwānde?
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              5. JĪlĒu mài fĚīzào?    sìlfiu
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              6, JīlSu mài zàzhì?     LiùlSu
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              7. Jīlóu mài yǔaàn? wulǒu
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          SÌlSu you meiyou mài feizaode?
        </para>
        <para>
          Líùlou yǒu meiyou mài z&amp;zhìde?
        </para>
        <para>
          Wulǒu you meiyou raài yǔsǎnde?
        </para>
        <para>
          DI
        </para>
        <para>
          F,
        </para>
        <para>
          1.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          S. Expansion Dī-ill
        </para>
        <para>
          I. Speaker: Nín zuò diàntī dao èrlfru.
        </para>
        <para>
          {cue) neibian
        </para>
        <para>
          (Take the elevator to the second floor.)
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          You: bu, zuǒ diàntī dào Ǒrlǒu* xiàle diàntī, wàng neibian zǒu*
          duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          (Oh* I take the elevator to the second floor. After I have
          gotten off the elevator* I go that way. Is that correct?)
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          2.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          3.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          it.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          2. KÍn zuǒ diàntī dào sìlSu. yǒu
        </para>
        <para>
          3. NÍn zuǒ diàntī dào wulǒu. zuo
        </para>
        <para>
          U. Kin zuǒ dīàjitī dào liùlǒu. yìzhí *
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              5. Kin zuǒ āiàntī dào sānlou, wàng you yìzhí
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              6.<emphasis role="smallcaps"> IÍÍū zuǒ diàntī dào qīlǒu.
              nàibian</emphasis>
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              7- Win zuo diàntī dào àrlǒu, zuobiau
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          Ou* zuǒ diàntī dào sìlǒu, xiàle diàntī wàng you zǒu, duì bu
          dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          Òu, zuǒ diàntī dào wùlSu* xiàle diàntī wàng zuǒ zǒu, duì bu
          dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          Ou, zuǒ diàntī dào līàlSu, xíàle diàntī yìzhí zou, duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          bu, zuÈ diàntī dào sānlǒu, xiàle diàntī wàng yǒu yìzhí zǒu,
          duì bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          5.
        </para>
        <para>
          6.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Tt
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          bu, zuǒ diàntī dào ^īlǒu, xiàle diàntī wàng neibian zǒu, duì
          bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          bu, zuǒ diàntī dào èrlǒu, xiàle diàntī wàng zuǒbian zǒu, duì
          bu dui?
        </para>
        <para>
          G,
        </para>
        <para>
          1.
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          F. Expansion Drill
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1. Speaker: Wo xiān cóng zheli wāng yòu zǒu, (cue) xià lóu
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          (First, I go from here to the right.)
        </para>
        <para>
          You: Wǒ xiān cóng zhèli wàng you zǒu. Ránhòu xià lóu jiù
          kànjian le, shì hu shi?
        </para>
        <para>
          (First, I go from here to the right. Then I go downstairs, and
          I’ll see it. Hight?)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. Wǒ xiān cóng zhèli wàng zuo zǒu. shàng lóu
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. Wo xiān cóng zhèli wàng h&amp;u zou. xià 16u
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiān cóng zhèli wàng zuǒ zou. Ránhòu shàng lóu jiù kànjian
          le, shì bu shi?
        </para>
        <para>
          Wo xian cóng zhèli wàng hòu zǒu. Ránhòu xià lóu jiù kànjian
          le, shì bu shi?
        </para>
        <para>
          k. Wo xiān cóng zhèli wàng nàhian zǒu. shàng lóu
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              5. WǑ xiǎn cōng zhèli wàng hòu yìzhí zou. xià lóu
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              6, WS xiān cóng zhèli wàng yòu yìzhí zǒu. shàng lóu
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              7. Wǒ xiān cóng zhèli wàng zuǒ yìzhí zǒu. xià lóu
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiān cóng zhèli wàng nàbian zou. Ránhòu shàng lóu Jiù
          kànjian le, shì bu shi?
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiān cóng zhèli wàng hòu yìzhí zǒu, RánhÒu xià lóu jiù
          kànjian le, shì bu shi?
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiān cóng zhèli wàng yòu yìzhí zǒu. Ránhòu shàng lóu Jiù
          kànjian le, shì bu shi?
        </para>
        <para>
          Wǒ xiān cóng zhèli wàng zuǒ yìzhí zǒu. Ránhòu xià lóu Jiù
          kànjian le, shì bu shi?
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              G. Transformation Drill
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1. Speaker: Xiàle dianti wàng yòu zǒu jiù shi mài dìtúde.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          (The map department is CJust 3 to the right when you get off
          the elevator.)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. Xiàle diàntī wàng zuo zǒu jiù shi mài shūde.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          You: Duìbuqì, xiàle diàntī wàng nǎbian zǒu Jiù shi mài dìtúde?
          (Excuse me, once I get off the elevator, which way is the map
          department?)
        </para>
        <para>
          Duìbuqī, xiàle diàntī wàng nabian zǒu Jiù shi mài shūde?
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. Xiàle diantī wàng hòu zǒu Jiù shi mài huāpíngde.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              U. Xiàle diàntī wàng you yìzhí zou Jiù shi mài yǔsànde.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              5. Xiàle diàntī wàng zuǒ yìzhí zǒu Jiù shi mài tángde.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              6. Xiàle diàntī wàng nàbian yìzhí zou Jiù shi mài
              pánziwǎnde.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              7. Xiàle diàntī wàng hòu yìzhí zǒu Jiù ahi mài zìdiǎnde.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          Duìbuqī, xiàle diàntī wàng nahian zǒu Jiù shi mài huāpíngde?
        </para>
        <para>
          Duìbuqī, xiàle diàntī wàng nabian zou Jiù shi mài yǔsǎnde?
        </para>
        <para>
          Duìbuqī, xiàle diàntī wàng nàbian zǒu Jiù shi mài tángde?
        </para>
        <para>
          Duìbuqī, xiàle diàntī wàng nǎbian zou Jiù shi mài pánziwānde?
        </para>
        <para>
          Duìbuqī, xiàle diàntī wàng nǎbian zǒu Jiù shi mài zìdiǎnde?
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              K. Response Drill
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1. Speaker; Nī wàng hòu yìzhí zou, shàng lóu, zuSbian Jiù
              shì.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          (Go straight to the back, up the stairs, and it’s on the
          left.)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. Nī wàng hou yìzhí zǒu, shàng lóu, yòubian Jiù shì.
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. Nī wàng hou yìzhí zou, xià lóu, zuSbian Jiù shì.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          h. Nī wàng hòu yìzhí zǒu, xià lóu, yòubian Jiù shì.
        </para>
        <para>
          5. Nī wàng hòu yìzhí zou, shàng lóu, duìmiàn Jiù shì.
        </para>
        <para>
          ó. Nī wàng hòu yìzhí zǒu, shàng lóu, yòubian Jiù shì.
        </para>
        <para>
          7. Nī wàng hòu yìzhí zǒu, xià lóu, duìmiàn Jiù shì.
        </para>
        <para>
          You: Hao, wǒ wàng hòu yìzhí zǒu, shàng lóu wàng zuo zǒu, Jiù
          kànjian le, shì bu shi?
        </para>
        <para>
          (Okay, I go directly to the back, upstairs and to the left,
          and I’ll see it.
        </para>
        <para>
          Right ?)
        </para>
        <para>
          Hǎo, wǒ wàng hòu yìzhí zǒu, shàng lóu, wàng you zǒu, Jiù
          kànjian le, shì bu shi?
        </para>
        <para>
          Hǎo, wǒ wàng hòu yìzhí zǒu, xià lóu, wàng zuSbian zǒu, Jiù
          kànjian le, shì bu shi?
        </para>
        <para>
          Hǎo, wǒ wàng hòu yìzhí zǑu, xià lóu, wàng youbian zou, Jiù
          kànjian le, shì bu shi?
        </para>
        <para>
          Hao, wǒ wàng hòu yìzhí zǒu, shàng lóu, yìzhí zǒu, Jiù kànjian
          le, shì bu ahi?
        </para>
        <para>
          Hǎo, wǒ wàng hòu yìzhí zǒu, shàng lóu, wàng youbian zǒu, Jiù
          kànjian le, shì bu shi?
        </para>
        <para>
          Hǎo, wǒ wàng hòu yìzhí zǒu, xià lóu, yìzhí zǒu, jiù kànjian
          Is, shì bu shi?
        </para>
        <para>
          I. Substitution Drill
        </para>
        <para>
          1, Speaker : Xīshoujiān zài shérjne dìfang?
        </para>
        <para>
          (cue) cesuǒ
        </para>
        <para>
          (Where is the washroom?)
        </para>
        <para>
          2, Cesuǒ zài shénme dìfang?
        </para>
        <para>
          iSutī
        </para>
        <para>
          3* LĒutī zài shénme dìfang? diàntī
        </para>
        <para>
          U, Diàntī zāi shéme dìfang? māi bàode
        </para>
        <para>
          5, Mai bàode zāi shenme dìfang? māi yìíaǎiide
        </para>
        <para>
          6, Māi yǔsànde zài shenme dìfang? canting
        </para>
        <para>
          You: Cāsuǒ zài shénme dìfang? (Where is the toilet?)
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          Lfiutī zài shénme dìfang?
        </para>
        <para>
          Diàntī zài shenme dìfang?
        </para>
        <para>
          Mài bàode zài shénme dìfang?
        </para>
        <para>
          Māi yǔsǎnde zāi shínite dìfang?
        </para>
        <para>
          Canting zài shénme dìfang?
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          J, Response Drill
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1, Speaker. Qīngwàn, xīshSuJiān zài āhénme dìfang? (cue)
              lout! pSngbiān (May I ask, where is the washroom?)
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. Qīngwàn, cesuo zài shenme dìfang? lout! yòubian
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. Qīngwen, 15utī zāi shénme dìfang?    hāubian
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          h. Qīngwān, canting zài shénme dìfang?    zuShian
        </para>
        <para>
          5. Qlngwèn, mài huapíngde zài shénme dìfang? diàntī pánghiān
        </para>
        <para>
          You: zāi pāli, zài líutī péngbiāa (it’s there, beside the
          staircase,)
        </para>
        <para>
          īài nàli, zài lóutī ySublan.
        </para>
        <para>
          Zài nàli, zài hdublan.
        </para>
        <para>
          Zài nàli, zài zuobian.
        </para>
        <para>
          Zāi nàli, zāi diāntí pfagbiSn.
        </para>
        <para>
          6, Qǐngwen, mai fēizàode zài shĚnme dìfang?
        </para>
        <para>
          Zai nàli, zài 16utī pSngbiān,
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          lout! pángbíàn
        </para>
        <para>
          Zài nàli, zài 16utī zuSbían-
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          7. Qīngwàn, mai pÉnziwande zài shěnme dìfang?
        </para>
        <para>
          loutī zuobian
        </para>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-36.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          View of downtown Shanghai from the top of the Overseas Chinese
          Hotel, across the street from People's Park
        </para>
        <para>
          UNIT 5
        </para>
      </section>
      <section xml:id="reference-list-4">
        <title><anchor id="bookmark44" /><anchor id="bookmark80" />REFERENCE
        LIST</title>
        <para>
          (in Taipei)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              1. A: Duìbuqī.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              B: Nī yǒu shénme ahi a?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              2. A: Qīngwèn, zhètiáo lù ahi shénme lù?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          B: Zhè shi Nfinjīng Xīlù,
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              3. Bt NĪ zhǎo shénme dìfang?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              A: W5 zhao Nánjīng Dōnglù Yíduàn, Wǔshisìxiàng.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          U. C: Wǒ zhǎo Zhongshān Běilù.
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              5. B: Nī zǒucuù le. Zhè shi Nanjing Xīlù.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              B: Nī wàng nàbian zǒu.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          B: Guù sāntiáo jiè, Jiù shi Nànjīng Dōnglù Yíduàn.
        </para>
        <para>
          <emphasis role="smallcaps">6,*Aí Ou, wo zǒucuS le.</emphasis>
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              A: NĪ shuō wǒ wàng nàbian zǒu.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          A: GuS sāntiáo Jiē, jiù shi Nánjīng Dǒnglù Yíduàn, shì bu shi?
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              B: Shì.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              7. B: Dàole Yíduàn yīh&amp;u, qīng zài wèn biéren ba.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              A: Bào. Xièxie.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              8, A: Qīngwèn, WùnSng zài nÉli?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              D: Nī zài wàng qián zǒu yìdiān.
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          D: Youbian dìyīge lùkǒu jiù shi Wunong.
        </para>
        <para>
          Excuse me.
        </para>
        <para>
          What can I do for you?
        </para>
        <para>
          May I ask, what road is this?
        </para>
        <para>
          This is Nánjīng West Road.
        </para>
        <para>
          What place are you looking for?
        </para>
        <para>
          I am looking for Lane 5^ of NfinJIng East Road, Section 1.
        </para>
        <para>
          I am looking for Zhōngshān North Road.
        </para>
        <para>
          You went the wrong way. This is Nanjing West Road.
        </para>
        <para>
          You go that way.
        </para>
        <para>
          Cross three streets, and that’a NÉnjīng East Road, Section 1.
        </para>
        <para>
          Oh, X went the wrong way.
        </para>
        <para>
          You say I should go that way.
        </para>
        <para>
          Cross three streets, and that’s Nǎnjīng East Road, Section 1.
          Xs that ít?
        </para>
        <para>
          Yes,
        </para>
        <para>
          After you have gotten to Section 1, please ask someone else.
        </para>
        <para>
          All right. Thanks.
        </para>
        <para>
          May I ask, where is Alley 5?
        </para>
        <para>
          You walk (straight) ahead a little farther.
        </para>
        <para>
          The first intersection on the right is Alley 5.
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              9.
              <anchor id="footnote3" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark81">3</link></superscript> A:
              W3 zài wàng qián z3u yìdiàn. Wǔnong zài ySublan, shi
              &quot;bu shi?
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          D<superscript><link linkend="bookmark81">3</link></superscript>
          Shì, Yòubian dìyīge lùk3u Jiù shì.
        </para>
        <para>
          I go ahead a little bit farther; Alley 5 is on the right side.
          Is that it?
        </para>
        <para>
          Yes, It’a the first intersection on the right.
        </para>
        <para>
          ADDITIONAL REQUIRED VOCABULARY (not presented on C-l and P-1
          tapes)
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              10. hútong (hútòngr)
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              11. men (menr)
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              12. niěnkSu (mēnkour)
            </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              13. aifo
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          lb. tiānqièo
        </para>
        <para>
          15. dìxíà xíngrén dào
        </para>
        <para>
          a narrow street, a lone (Beijing)
        </para>
        <para>
          gate, door
        </para>
        <para>
          doorway, gateway, entrance
        </para>
        <para>
          bridge
        </para>
        <para>
          pedestrian overpass
        </para>
        <para>
          pedestrian underground walkway
        </para>
        <para>
          MAPS FOR C-1 TAPE
        </para>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-37.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-38.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-39.jpg" />
            </imageobject>
          </inlinemediaobject>
        </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
        <para>
          NOTE: The lanes and alleys on these ma; are fictional, but the
          streets are real. See Reference Notes for a description oí the
          Taipei street-numbering system.
        </para>
      </section>
      <section xml:id="vocabulary-1">
        <title><anchor id="bookmark31" /><anchor id="bookmark82" />VOCABULARY</title>
        <para>
          biéten
        </para>
        <para>
          CUD
        </para>
        <para>
          damén(r)
        </para>
        <para>
          -dào
        </para>
        <para>
          dīxià
        </para>
        <para>
          dìxià xíngrén dào
        </para>
        <para>
          -duàn
        </para>
        <para>
          guS
        </para>
        <para>
          hútong {hutōngr)
        </para>
        <para>
          long
        </para>
        <para>
          aén(r) ménkou(r)
        </para>
        <para>
          nǎ-
        </para>
        <para>
          nǎge
        </para>
        <para>
          Nánjīng Dōnglù
        </para>
        <para>
          Nanjing Xīlù nōng
        </para>
        <para>
          qiáo
        </para>
        <para>
          shì
        </para>
        <para>
          tiānqíác
        </para>
        <para>
          -tiáo
        </para>
        <para>
          wèn
        </para>
        <para>
          xiang
        </para>
        <para>
          xíngrēn
        </para>
        <para>
          sìiǎo
        </para>
        <para>
          Zhōngshān Běilù
        </para>
        <para>
          zǒucuo le
        </para>
        <para>
          another person, someone else
        </para>
        <para>
          to make a mistake, to be wrong
        </para>
        <para>
          gate
        </para>
        <para>
          route, path
        </para>
        <para>
          underground
        </para>
        <para>
          pedestrian underground walkway section, block
        </para>
        <para>
          to cross, to pass
        </para>
        <para>
          a narrow street, a lane (Běijīng)
        </para>
        <para>
          alley
        </para>
        <para>
          gate, door
        </para>
        <para>
          doorway, gateway, entrance
        </para>
        <para>
          which?
        </para>
        <para>
          which?
        </para>
        <para>
          Nanjing East Road
        </para>
        <para>
          Nanjing West Road alley (Taiwan)
        </para>
        <para>
          bridge
        </para>
        <para>
          matter, affair, business
        </para>
        <para>
          pedestrian overpass
        </para>
        <para>
          (counter for long, winding things)
        </para>
        <para>
          to ask
        </para>
        <para>
          lane
        </para>
        <para>
          pedestrian
        </para>
        <para>
          to look for
        </para>
        <para>
          Zhongshān North Road
        </para>
        <para>
          to have gone the wrong way
        </para>
        <para>
          (introduced on C-2 tape)
        </para>
        <para>
          bān jiā
        </para>
        <para>
          dàgài
        </para>
        <para>
          huí
        </para>
        <para>
          zǒuguS le
        </para>
        <para>
          to move one's residence probably
        </para>
        <para>
          the opposite direction to have walked past
        </para>
      </section>
    </section>
    <section xml:id="reference-notes-4">
      <title><anchor id="bookmark8" /><anchor id="bookmark83" />REFERENCE
      NOTES</title>
      <para>
        li Ar Duìbuqī,
      </para>
      <para>
        B: NĪ you shénme shì a?
      </para>
      <para>
        Excuse me&gt;
      </para>
      <para>
        What can I do for you?
      </para>
      <para>
        Notes on No. 1
      </para>
      <para>
        Shì: This noun has a very abstract meaning that does not
        translate easily into English. Some of its commoner translations
        are &quot;matter,&quot; &quot;business,&quot;
        &quot;affair,<superscript>1</superscript>* and
        &quot;thing.<superscript>1</superscript>* You have learned that
        dōngxī can also mean &quot;thing.&quot; Dcngxī is used to refer
        to tangible things, while shì refers to abstract matters.
      </para>
      <para>
        When used to answer someone who is asking for help, the question
        Nī you shénme shì a? is an offer of help.
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="4">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  NĪ
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  ySu
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  shéntne
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  shì a?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  (You
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  have
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  what
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  problem?)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        &quot;What’s your problem?&quot; i.e., &quot;What can I do for
        you?&quot;
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        The same question (without the softening a.) might be rather
        rude if it is directed to a person who is wandering around an
        office building.
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="4">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Nī
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  y&amp;u
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  shénme
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  shì?
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  (You
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  have
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  what
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  business?)
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        &quot;What business do you have (here)?&quot; i.e., &quot;What
        are you doing here?&quot;
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        2* Al Qīngwàn, zhètiéo lù shì shénme lù?
      </para>
      <para>
        B: Zhe shi Nanjing Xīlù.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        May I ask, what road is this?
      </para>
      <para>
        This is N&amp;njīng West Road.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Notes on No, 2
      </para>
      <para>
        Zhè- is the way zhèi-, &quot;this,&quot; is pronounced outside
        of Beijing, From this point on in these course materials, the
        forms zhē-, &quot;this,&quot; nà-, &quot;that,&quot; and na-,
        &quot;which,&quot; will be used for all non-Běijīng
        speakers,<anchor id="footnote4" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark84">4</link></superscript>
        In a conversation, you should use these forms if another person
        uses them.
      </para>
      <para>
        -tiáo is a counter for long, twisting things, such aa roads,
        rivers, fish, and dragons.
      </para>
      <para>
        In English you say &quot;What road is this?&quot; In Chinese you
        say &quot;What road is this road?” Zhèītiāo lù shì .shénme _lù?
        You may not leave out the last word, lù.
      </para>
      <para>
        Nānjǐng Xīlù: In Guangzhou, Shanghai, Taipei, and many other
        cities, the street direction is given after the street name.
      </para>
      <para>
        Nanjing Xīlù                   Nánjlng West Road
      </para>
      <para>
        In Beijing, the street direction is given before the street
        name,
      </para>
      <para>
        XI Chángān Jiē                 West Chángān Street
      </para>
      <para>
        3- B: NĪ zhǎc shénme dìfangí A: Wǒ zhǎc NÍnjīng Dōnglù
      </para>
      <para>
        Yíduān, Wushisìxiàng,
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        What place are you looking for?
      </para>
      <para>
        I'm looking for Lane 5^ of Nánjīng East Road, Section 1.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Notes on No. 3
      </para>
      <para>
        Zhao, &quot;to look for,&quot; &quot;to try to find&quot;
      </para>
      <para>
        Nī zhǎo shéi?                   Who are you looking for?
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā shì bu shi zhǎo gongzuò? Is he looking for work?
      </para>
      <para>
        Yíduàn: Streets that are divided into North and South or East
        and West in Taipei may also he divided into sections.
      </para>
      <informaltable>
        <tgroup cols="2">
          <colspec align="left" />
          <colspec align="left" />
          <tbody>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  w
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  E
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Yíduàn <subscript>(</subscript> Èrduàn
                  <subscript>(</subscript> Sānduàn
                  <subscript>(</subscript> Sìduàn
                  <subscript>(</subscript> Wǔduàn
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  (III
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
            <row>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  īíánjíng Xīlù
                </para>
              </entry>
              <entry>
                <para>
                  Kánjīng Dōnglù
                </para>
              </entry>
            </row>
          </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
      <para>
        The sections of a street, like the floors of a building, are
        numbered yī, er, san, and so on, and do not need the prefix dì~.
      </para>
      <para>
        Xiāng: Lanes in Taipei are numbered as if they were houses. You
        can find your way to a certain lane by observing the numbers of
        the houses on the same side of the street. Even numbers are on
        one side, and odd numbers are on the other.
      </para>
      <para>
        O) c
      </para>
      <para>
        x
      </para>
      <para>
        6
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        14 j 16
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        c '.S x
      </para>
      <para>
        18
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        20 j 22 । 24
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        o&gt; c
      </para>
      <para>
        AC
      </para>
      <para>
        X
      </para>
      <para>
        26
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        I
      </para>
      <para>
        i
      </para>
      <para>
        28 j 30 i
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        32 i 34
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        ip
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        5
      </para>
      <para>
        o&gt; c ínj
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        ■ — Jiē (LÙ)
      </para>
      <para>
        <superscript>7</superscript>!
        <superscript>9</superscript>1<superscript>11</superscript>
        j<superscript>13</superscript> i<superscript>15</superscript> í
        I<superscript>7</superscript> í<superscript>19</superscript> t
        III II
      </para>
      <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-40.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Nán.līng Dōnglù Yíduàn, WǔshiBÌxiShgt &quot;Nènjīng East Road,
        Section 1, Lane In giving a Chinese address^ you go from larger
        to smaller areas, mentioning the lane after the road. In
        English, however, the address begins with the smaller area:
        &quot;Lane 5**» Nánjīng East Road, Section 1.”
      </para>
      <para>
        Dll
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        U, C: W3 zhSo Zhōngshǎn Běilù.
      </para>
      <para>
        I am locking for Zhongshǎn North Road.
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            5. B: Nī zǒucuò le. Zhè shi NÉnjīng Xīlù.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            E: Nī wang nabian sou.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        B: Guò santiao jiē, Jiù shi Nánjíng Dōnglù Yíduàn.
      </para>
      <para>
        You went the wrong way. This is NSnJīng West Road.
      </para>
      <para>
        You go that way.
      </para>
      <para>
        Cross three streets, and that’s Nānjīng East Road, Section 1.
      </para>
      <para>
        Notes on No, 5
      </para>
      <para>
        Zǒucuo le is a compound vert of result. ZǑucuo le is literally
        zǒu, &quot;to walk,<superscript>11</superscript> and cuS,
        &quot;to &quot;be wrong/mistaken/erroneous&quot;: &quot;to have
        walked with the result of 'being wrong.&quot;
      </para>
      <para>
        The marker le is used in &quot;I'm wrong,&quot; Wo cuò le.
        Notice that the marker is also used for the compound verb zoucuo
        le.
      </para>
      <para>
        The syllable -cuo may be used with result. For instance, there
        is shuccuo le tīngcuo le xiěcuS le niùncuò le
      </para>
      <para>
        Ou, wí mǎicuo le! Zhège tài xiǎo lei
      </para>
      <para>
        Nī kùncuò le. Yínháng cōng Jlǔdiǎn zhōng Jiù kāi mēn le.
      </para>
      <para>
        Nī kàncuùle zhōng, xianzài yījīng badiǎn ban le.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        other action verbs to indicate a
      </para>
      <para>
        to have said incorrectly
      </para>
      <para>
        to have heard incorrectly
      </para>
      <para>
        to have written incorrectly
      </para>
      <para>
        to have reed (something aloud) incorrectly
      </para>
      <para>
        Oh, I’ve bought the wrong thing! This is too small!
      </para>
      <para>
        You read it wrong. The bank has been open since 9 a.m.
      </para>
      <para>
        You read the clock wrong. It’s already 6:30.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        No
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        le tr di
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        sa of
      </para>
      <para>
        &quot;e
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        7.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Guo, &quot;to cross,&quot; &quot;to pass&quot;: This word can
        refer to time as well as to space.
      </para>
      <para>
        GuSle zhèige lùkǒu, zāi wàng After you have crossed this
        intersec-qiān zǒu bù yuan, jiù dào tion, then go a little
        farther             I ££
      </para>
      <para>
        nèige xuĚxièo le,               ahead, and you’ll be at the
        school.
      </para>
      <para>
        A: Míngtiān wǒ qīng ni kàn dianyīng, hǎo bu hǎo?
      </para>
      <para>
        B; Zhèi liSngtiǎn dōu you kè, guǒ liǎngtiān zài shuō ba.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Wǒ Xiang, guole jlge xīngqī, nīde bìng jiù kéyi hao le.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        How about my treating you to a movie tomorrow?
      </para>
      <para>
        I have classes the next couple of days; let’s see about it in a
        couple of days.
      </para>
      <para>
        I think that after a few weeks have pessed your illness will be
        all better.
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            6. A: Ou, wo zǒucuS le.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            A: Nī shuō wǒ wàng nàbian zǒu.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        A: GuǑ sāntiǎo jiē, jiù shi Nǎnjīng Dónglù Yíduàn, shì bu shi?
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            B: Shì.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        Oh, I went the wrong way.
      </para>
      <para>
        You say I should go that way.
      </para>
      <para>
        Cross three streets, and that’s
      </para>
      <para>
        Nānjīng East Hoad, Section 1, Ib that it?
      </para>
      <para>
        Yes.
      </para>
      <para>
        Notes on Nq. 6
      </para>
      <para>
        Nī shuō: In exchange 6, shuō means &quot;to say that.” You have
        already learned another meaning; &quot;to speak, (a
        language).&quot; (The &quot;should&quot; in the translation of
        the second sentence captures the meaning of the Chinese
        directions, which are stronger than a statement but weaker than
        a comand.)
      </para>
      <para>
        Guò sāntiáo jiē, &quot;cross three streets&quot;; In English you
        would probably say &quot;go three blocks,&quot; but in Chinese
        directions are usually given in terms of streets. The word
        lùkǒu, &quot;intersection,&quot; is also used: guS Jīge lùkǒu,
        &quot;go a few blocks.&quot;
      </para>
      <para>
        7. B: Dàole Yíduàn yīhòu, qīng zài wèn bieren ba.
      </para>
      <para>
        A; Hǎo. Xiàxie.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        After you have gotten to Section 1, please ask someone else.
      </para>
      <para>
        All right. Thanks.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Note on No. 7
      </para>
      <para>
        Zài, &quot;and then&quot;: In exchange 7, the adverb zài is used
        for the second action in a sequence. It is not easily translated
        into English.
      </para>
      <para>
        6. A: Qingwèn, Wǔnòng zài nèli?
      </para>
      <para>
        D: NĪ zài wàng qiSn zǒu yìdiān.
      </para>
      <para>
        D: Youbian dìyīge lùkǒu Jiù shi Wǔnong.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        May I ask, where is Alley 5?
      </para>
      <para>
        You walk (straight) ahead a little farther.
      </para>
      <para>
        The first intersection on the right is Alley 5.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Notes on Ko, 8
      </para>
      <para>
        liong, &quot;alley/<superscript>1</superscript> has an alternate
        pronunciation: lèng.
      </para>
      <para>
        In order of increasing size, streets in Taipei are named nSng,
        &quot;alley,&quot; xiàng, &quot;lane,&quot; jiē,
        &quot;street,&quot; and lù, &quot;road.&quot; In Běijīng, a
        large street is called jig, &quot;street,&quot; or dàJ
        iē,“^boulevard,&quot; and a small street is called hfrtong,
        &quot;alley.&quot; Unlike alleys in Taipei, alleys in Běijīng
        usually have names rather than numbers.
      </para>
      <para>
        Nī zài wàng qián zou yìdiSn; Here, zài has a new meaning;
        &quot;more/again/ farther/in addition'.'^ The combination of the
        adverb zài before the verb and yìdiǎn after the verb means
        &quot;a little more,&quot; <superscript>T,</superscript>a little
        farther.&quot; Here are some other examples:
      </para>
      <para>
        Nī zài chī yidiànr bat          Have some morel (Eat some more!)
      </para>
      <para>
        Nī zài zuo yihuīr bal           Sit a while longer, why don't
        you?
      </para>
      <para>
        Cinvitation to a guest to stay longer!
      </para>
      <para>
        Zài gěi wo yige ba.            Give me another one (one more).
      </para>
      <para>
        Zài gěi wo liǎngge be.         Give me two more.
      </para>
      <para>
        Qi jin by itself may be used only in certain special phrases.
         One of
      </para>
      <para>
        lí
      </para>
      <para>
        1]
      </para>
      <para>
        1.
      </para>
      <para>
        1;
      </para>
      <para>
        H
      </para>
      <para>
        1!
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        these is wàng qián... (followed by a verb like zǒu). The term
        qi^nbian
      </para>
      <para>
        (qiánbíanrT means &quot;directly in front of.&quot;
        <anchor id="footnote5" /><superscript><link linkend="bookmark85">5</link></superscript> To
        say &quot;in front of the door&quot; or &quot;up front,&quot;
        you must use a place word (qiánbian, qiántou, qi£nmian).
      </para>
      <para>
        There are several single-syllable direction words like qi&amp;n
        which you may use after wang. In most other contexts, though, a
        longer form, a place word, must be used.
      </para>
      <para>
        wàng -&lt;
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        qiǎn hcu shàng xià
      </para>
      <para>
        zuo yàu lí wài dong nar.
      </para>
      <para>
        xí běi
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-41.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
      </para>
      <para>
        BUT
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        qiánbian (qiántou, qiǎnmian) houbian (houtou, hòumian) shàngbian
        (shàngtou, shàngmian) xiàbian (xiàtou, xiàmian) zuobian
        (zuǒmian)
      </para>
      <para>
        yǒubian (yòuíaian)
      </para>
      <para>
        lībían (lītou, limian)
      </para>
      <para>
        wàibian (wàitou, wàiraian) dongbian
      </para>
      <para>
        nènbian
      </para>
      <para>
        xībian
      </para>
      <para>
        běibian
      </para>
      <para>
        9. A; Wǒ zài wàng qiàn zǒu yìdiǎn. Wǔnong zài yòubian, shì bu
        shi?
      </para>
      <para>
        D: Shì. Yàubian dìyīge làkǒu Jiu shì.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        I go ahead a little bit farther; Alley 5 is on the right aide.
        Is that it?
      </para>
      <para>
        Yes. It's the first intersection on the right.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            10. hútong (hútòngr)
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            11. men (ménr)
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            12. tnenkou (jnenkǒur)
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            13. qiāo
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        lb. tiānqiǎo
      </para>
      <para>
        15. dìxià xfngrĚn dào
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        a narrow street, a lane (Beijing) gate, door doorway, gateway,
        entrance bridge
      </para>
      <para>
        pedestrian overpass
      </para>
      <para>
        pedestrian underground walkway
      </para>
      <para>
        Hotes on Additional Required, Vocabulary
      </para>
      <para>
        Men: In addition to meaning &quot;door,&quot; this word also
        means &quot;gate.&quot; The word damén. may also be used to
        refer to a main gate, as well as a main door.
      </para>
      <para>
        Tianqiǎo literally means &quot;sky bridge.&quot;
      </para>
      <para>
        Guile zhèige tiānqiáo, Jiu When you have crossed this shi Dìyi
        Gongs!.                pedestrian overpass, that's the
      </para>
      <para>
        First Company.
      </para>
      <para>
        Dīxiā xíngrēn dào literally meauB &quot;underground pedestrian
        route/<superscript>1</superscript>
      </para>
      <para>
        Chūle zhège dìxià xíttgrén When you have come out of this
        pedes-dao, wàng you zǒu, jiù         trian underground walkway,
        go to
      </para>
      <para>
        shi mài bācde,                  the right, and that*s where they
      </para>
      <para>
        sell newspapers.
      </para>
      <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
          <imageobject>
            <imagedata fileref="FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText_files/FSI-StandardChinese-Module04DIR-StudentText-42.jpg" />
          </imageobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
      </para>
      <para>
        Elementary school children in Taipei
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        It
      </para>
      <para>
        5
      </para>
      <para>
        6
      </para>
      <para>
        7
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        2011
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <section xml:id="drills-4">
        <title><anchor id="bookmark30" /><anchor id="bookmark86" />DRILLS</title>
        <para>
        </para>
      </section>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        A. Transformation,Drill
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1. Speaker: Qingwèn, zhètiáo lù shì shenme lù?
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        (cue) Nánjīng Donglù (May I ask, what road’ is this?)
      </para>
      <para>
        You: Qīngwèn, zhètiáo lù shì Nánjīng Dōnglù ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        (May I ask, is this Nánjīng East Road?)
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2, Qīngwèn, zhètiáo lù shì shénme lù? Zhōngshān Běilù
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3. Qīngwèn, zhètiáo lù shì shénme lù? Xīnshēng Nánlù
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        h. Qīngwèn, zhètiáo lù shì shenme lù? Nánjīng Xīlù
      </para>
      <para>
        5. Qīngwèn, zhètiáo lù shì shénme lù? Xīnshēng Běilù
      </para>
      <para>
        6, Qīngwèn, zhètiáo lù shì shénme lù? Zhōnghuá LÙ
      </para>
      <para>
        T. Qīngwèn, zhètiáo lù shì shenme lù? Shanghai Lù
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, zhètiáo lù shì Zhōngshān Běilù ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, zhètiáo lù shì Xīnshēng Nánlù ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, zhètiáo lù shì Nánjīng Xīlù ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, zhètiáo lù ahi Xīnshēng Běilù ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, zhètiáo lù shì ZhŌnghuá LÙ ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        Qīngwèn, zhètiáo lù shì ShànghSi Lù ma?
      </para>
      <para>
        B. Transformation. Drill
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1. Speaker: Zhè shì Kánjīng Dōnglù Yíduàn.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        (This is Nánjīng East Road, Section 1.)
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2. Zhè shì Zhōngshān Běilù Èrduàn.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3. Zhè shì Xīnshéng Nánlù Yíduàn.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        l», Zhè shì Ránài LÙ Sanduan.
      </para>
      <para>
        You; Duìbuqī, zhè shì Nánjīng Dōnglù Jīduàn?
      </para>
      <para>
        (Excuse me, what section of Nánjīng East Road is this?)
      </para>
      <para>
        Duìbuqī, zhè shì Zhōngshān Běilù jīduàn?
      </para>
      <para>
        Duìbuqī, zhè shì Xīnshēng Nánlù jīduan?
      </para>
      <para>
        Duìbuqī, zhè shì Ránài Lu jīduàn?
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            5. Zhè shì Hangzhou Ne.nl ù Yíduàn.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            6. Zhè shì Hēpíng Xīlù Èrduàn.
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            7, Zhè shì Nanjing Xīlù Yíduàn.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        Duìbuqī, zhè shì Hāngzhóu Nanlù jīduàn?
      </para>
      <para>
        Duìbuqī, zhè shì Hepíng Xīlù jīduàn?
      </para>
      <para>
        Duìbuqī, zhè shì Nānjīng Xīlù jīduàn?
      </para>
      <para>
        D,
      </para>
      <para>
        1.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        C, Response Drill
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1. Speaker: Nī zhǎo Nánjíng Dōnglù Yíduàn ma?
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        (cue) 5
      </para>
      <para>
        (Are you looking for Nanjing East Road, Section 1?)
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2. NĪ zhào Zhongshān Běilù Èrduàn ma? 18
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3. Nī zhǎo Hépfng Xīlù Yíduàn ma?
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        6
      </para>
      <para>
        1+. Nī zhǎo Xīnshēng Nānlù Sānduàn ma?    h
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            5. Nī zhǎo Zhōngshān Nanlù Èrduàn ma?    lb
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            6. Nī zhao Rānài LÙ Sānduàn ma?
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        9
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            7. NĪ zhǎo Zìyǒu Lù Yíduàn ma?
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        11
      </para>
      <para>
        You: Shì, wǒ zhǎo Nanjing Dǒnglù Yíduàn WÙxiàng.
      </para>
      <para>
        (Yes, I'm looking for Lane 5 of Nanjing East Road, Section 1.
      </para>
      <para>
        2.
      </para>
      <para>
        3.
      </para>
      <para>
        i*.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        Shì, wo zhào Zhōngshān Běilù Èrduàn Shíbáxiàng,
      </para>
      <para>
        Shì, wo zhǎo Hepíng Xīlù Yíduàn Liùxiàng.
      </para>
      <para>
        Shì, wǒ zhǎo Xīnshēng Nānlù Sanduàn
      </para>
      <para>
        Sìxiàng.
      </para>
      <para>
        Shì, wo zhǎo Zhōngshān Nānlù Èrduàn Shísìxiàng.
      </para>
      <para>
        Shì, wǒ zhǎo Rěnài Lù Sanduàn JiǓxiàng.
      </para>
      <para>
        Shì, wǑ zhǎo ZÌySu Lù Yíduàn Shíyīxiàng.
      </para>
      <para>
        E,
      </para>
      <para>
        1.
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        2.
      </para>
      <para>
        3.
      </para>
      <para>
        It,
      </para>
<literallayout>
</literallayout>
      <para>
        D, Transformation Drill
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1, Speaker: Nī ■wāng nǎbian zǒu. (cue) sān
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        (Go that way./
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2, Nī wāng yōu ecu.    liang
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3. Nī wāng dong zǒu.    si
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        1|. Nī wāng xī xBu. yī
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            5. NĪ wāng nǎn zǒu.    wǔ
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            &amp;. Nī wāng běi zou.    liǎng
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            7. Nī wāng zuǒ zǒu.    st
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        You? Hāo* wǒ wāng nàbian zǒu, guō eSntiSo Jiē jiù shi, dui bu
        duiī
      </para>
      <para>
        (Okay, I go that way, and after crossing three streets that's
        it. Is that correct?)
      </para>
      <para>
        Hǎo, wǒ wāng yōu zǒu, guō liǎngtiǎo Jiē Jiù shi, dul bu dui7
      </para>
      <para>
        Hao<subscript>a</subscript> wǒ wāng dōng zǒu, guŌ sìtiáo Jiē Jiù
        shì, dul bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        Hao, wǒ wāng xī zǒu* guō yìtiSo Jié Jiù shi , dul bu duiī
      </para>
      <para>
        Kǎo, wo wāng nan zǒu, guō wùtilw Jiē Jiù shì* duì bu duiī
      </para>
      <para>
        Rǎo, wǒ wāng bei zǒu, guō liǎngtiǎo Jiē Jiù ahi, dul bu duiī
      </para>
      <para>
        Hao* wǒ wāng zuǒ zǒu, guō aìtiǎo Jiē Jiù shi, duì bu duiī
      </para>
      <para>
        E. Transformation Drill
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1, Speaker! Wang qifin zǒu yìdiSn. Wùnōng zài yōubian.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        (Go ahead a bit, and Alley 5 is on the right.)
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2. Wāng nǎbian zǒu yìdiǎn, Liùnōng zài zuSbian,
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3- Wāng dōng zǒu yìdiǎn. Sānnōng zài yōubian.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        U. Wāng qign zou yìdiǎn. Shínōng zài yōubian.
      </para>
      <para>
        You: Wǒ zài wāng qiĒn zǒu yidiǎn, Wunōng zài yōubian, shì bu ahi
        7
      </para>
      <para>
        (I go a bit farther ahead, and Alley 5 is on the right. Is that
        it?)
      </para>
      <para>
        Wǒ zài wāng nǎbian zǒu yìdiǎn.
      </para>
      <para>
        LiunSng zài zuobian, shì bu shi?
      </para>
      <para>
        Wǒ zài wàng dong zǒu yidiǎn.
      </para>
      <para>
        Sannōng zai yōubian, shi bu shi?
      </para>
      <para>
        Wǒ zài wàng qiǎn zǒu yìdiǎn, Shínōng zài yōubian* shì bu shi?
      </para>
      <para>
        5, Wang xI sou yìdiǎn. ShíSrnòng sal zuSbian.
      </para>
      <para>
        t&gt;. Wàng nán sou yìdiǎn. Ěhíqínòng zài zuSbian.
      </para>
      <para>
        ?. Wàng běì zǒu yìdiǎn. Bánòng zài zuSbian.
      </para>
      <para>
        WK zài wàng xl zou yìdiǎn. ShíèmSng zài zuSbian, ahi bu ehi?
      </para>
      <para>
        Wǒ zài wàng nán zǒu yìdiǎn. Shíqínòng zài zuSbian, shì bu ahi?
      </para>
      <para>
        WS zài wàng běi zǒu yìdiǎn.. Bánòng zài zuSbian, shì bu ahi?
      </para>
      <para>
        F. Transformation Drill
      </para>
      <para>
        1. Speaker: WǑ zài wàng qiǎn zǒu yìdiǎn. Wǔnòng zài yòubian, duì
        bu dui? (ciie.) dìyíge
      </para>
      <para>
        (I go a bit farther ahead, and Alley 5 is on the right. Is that
        correct?)
      </para>
      <para>
        2. Wc zài wàng zuǒ zǒu yìùíǎn. Ēànnoug zài zuSbian, duì bu dui?
        dìāìge
      </para>
      <para>
        3r Wǒ zài wàng qian sou yìdiǎn. Liùnōng zài ySubian, duì bu dui?
        dìerge
      </para>
      <para>
        It, Wo zài wàng xī zou yìdiǎii. Samìong zài yòubian, duì bu dui?
        dìsānge
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            5- Wo zài wàng jcī zSu yìdiǎn, Wǔnong zài yòubian, duì bu
            dui? dìyíge
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            6. Wǒ zài wàng dōng zSu yìùlǎn. Qínòng zài zuSbian, duì bu
            dui? dìsìge
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            7- WS zài wàng qián zSu yìdiǎn. Liùnòng zài yòubian, duì bu
            dui? dìwùge
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        You: Wǒ zài wàng qián zǒu yìdiǎn. Yòubian dìyíge lùkǒu Jiù shi
        Wunòng, duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        (I go a bit farther ahead, and the first intersection on the
        right ia Alley J. Is that correct?)
      </para>
      <para>
        Wc zài wàng zuǒ zǒu yìdiǎn. ZuSbian dìsìge lùkǒu Jiu shi
        Ēānnong. duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        WS zài wàng qián zǒu yìdiǎn. Yòubian dìerge lùkǒu J iù shi
        Liùnòng, duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        Wo zài wàng xī zǒu yìdiǎn. Yòubian dìeǎnge lùkǒu Jiù ahi
        Sānnòng, duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        WS zài wàng xī zǒu yìdiǎn. Yòubian dìyíge lùkǒu jiù shi Wǔnòng,
        duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        Wo zài wàng dōag zǒu yìdiǎn. ZuSbian dìsìge lùkǒu Jiù shi
        Qínòng, duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        Wǒ zài wàng qián zou yìdiǎn.
      </para>
      <para>
        Yòubian dìvūge lùkǒu Jiù shi Liùnòng, duì bu dui?
      </para>
      <para>
        G. Transformation Drill
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            1. Speaker: Tā eōngq.iǎn zhù zai neige hútong.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        {cue) nian
      </para>
      <para>
        (He used to live on that alley.)
      </para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            2. Wǒ fùqin cĚngqilín zhù zai Guānghuǎ Lù. niān
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            3. Tā gēge shÙngge yuè zhù zai nĚíge fātidiíUi. tiān
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <para>
        i&gt;. Tá jiǎjie qùniǎn zhù zāi pengyou J iā. yuè
      </para>
      <para>
        5. Wāng TǑngzhì cǒngqiǎn zhù zai zhèige hútong. niān
      </para>
      <para>
        fi. Zhang Tōngzhì qùniǎn zhù zai nèige hútong, yuè
      </para>
      <para>
        7, Tāmen cSngqiān zhù zai Sānlitdn. niǎn
      </para>
      <para>
        You; Tā congqlān zāi nèige hútong zhùle jīniǎnī
      </para>
      <para>
        (How many years did he live on that alley?)
      </para>
      <para>
        Nī fùqin cǒngqiǎn zai Guānghuā Lù zhùle Jīniǎn?
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā gēge shāngge yuè zāi nèige fandiàn Zhùle Jītiānī
      </para>
      <para>
        Tā jièjie qùnián zāi péngyou jiā zhùle Jīge yuè?
      </para>
      <para>
        Wāng TĚngzhì cǒngqlún zāi zhèige hútong zhùle Jīnienī
      </para>
      <para>
        Zhang Tóngzhì qùniǎn zāi nèige hútong zhùle Jīge yuè?
      </para>
      <para>
        Tāmen cǒngqiān zāi Sānlitún zhùle JInian?
      </para>
      <para>
        H. Response Drill
      </para>
      <para>
        1. Speaker: Nī zhǎo shānme dìfang? (cue) Nánjīng Lù (What place
        are you looking for?)
      </para>
      <para>
        YyUiì Wǒ zhao Nan J ī ng Lù.
      </para>
      <para>
        (I’m looking for NĒujīng Road.)
      </para>
      <para>
        2, Nī zhǎo shenme lù? Zhōngshān Lù
      </para>
      <para>
        WS
      </para>
      <para>
        zhǎo
      </para>
      <para>
        Zhōngshān Lù.
      </para>
      <para>
        3. Nī zhǎo ahÚnme?
      </para>
      <para>
        nèihěn shù
      </para>
      <para>
        WS
      </para>
      <para>
        zhǎo
      </para>
      <para>
        nèlhǎn shū.
      </para>
      <para>
        1*. Nī zhǎo sheí?
      </para>
      <para>
        Wāng Xiānsheng
      </para>
      <para>
        Wǒ
      </para>
      <para>
        zhǎo
      </para>
      <para>
        Wang XiānBheng.
      </para>
      <para>
        3. Nī zhǎo shenme Wùguānchù
      </para>
      <para>
        dìfang?
      </para>
      <para>
        WĒ
      </para>
      <para>
        zhǎo
      </para>
      <para>
        Wùguānchù.
      </para>
      <para>
        É. NĪ zhǎo shĚi?
      </para>
      <para>
        Hú Měilíng
      </para>
      <para>
        wǒ
      </para>
      <para>
        zhǎo
      </para>
      <para>
        HŪ Meilíng.
      </para>
      <para>
        7, Nī zhǎo shěnine?
      </para>
      <para>
        Tāihǎi dìtú
      </para>
      <para>
        yízhang
      </para>
      <para>
        Wǒ
      </para>
      <para>
        zhǎo
      </para>
      <para>
        ytzhang Tǎibèi di
      </para>
      <para>
        GPO 765-001/63145
      </para>
      <para>
        209
      </para>
      <para>
        <superscript><link linkend="footnote1">1</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark74" />
      </para>
      <para>
        This exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only.
      </para>
      <para>
        <superscript><link linkend="footnote2">2</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark76" />
      </para>
      <para>
        An independent barbershop is called a līfǎguǎn,
        &quot;hair-cutting establishment.&quot;
      </para>
      <para>
        <superscript><link linkend="footnote3">3</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark81" />
      </para>
      <para>
        Ihis exchange occurs on the P-1 tape only.
      </para>
      <para>
        <superscript><link linkend="footnote4">4</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark84" />
      </para>
      <para>
        Actually, Beijing speakers do use zhè-&gt;, nà-, and nǎ- in
        certain contexts, especially when reading aloud. But in ordinary
        conversation they mostly use zhèi-, nēí-, and něi-.
      </para>
      <para>
        <superscript><link linkend="footnote5">5</link></superscript><anchor id="bookmark85" />
      </para>
      <para>
        The word for &quot;across from&quot; or &quot;opposite&quot; is
        duìmiàn (duìmiànr).
      </para>
    </section>
  </section>
</article>