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- <title>Les classificateurs chinois : Méthode de chinois — Chine Informations</title>
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- <h1>Liste des classificateurs chinois</h1>
- <p>Les classificateurs<span class="hanzi"> 量词</span> <span class="pinyin"> liàngcí </span> également appelés "mots de mesure" ou parfois "spécificatifs", sont utilisés en chinois, placé entre la valeur numérique et le nom. Voici ci-dessous, une liste d'une soixantaine de classificateurs les plus utilisés dans la langue chinoise.</p>
- <p>Nous proposons également sur notre site <a href="http://www.chine-informations.com/chinois/outils/classificateurs/" target="_blank">un outil pour vous aider à trouver un classificateur</a> pour un mot chinois.</p>
- <table class="table1">
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <th>
- CL
- </th>
- <th>
- Pinyin
- </th>
- <th>
- Utilisé pour...
- </th>
- <th>
- Exemples
- </th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">把</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">bă</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- objets peuvant être tenus dans la main
- </td>
- <td>
- <p>couteaux, chaises, parapluies, théière <span class="hanzi">两把刀</span>; <span class="hanzi">一把椅子</span>; <span class="hanzi">一把伞</span>, <span class="hanzi">一把茶壶</span></p>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">包</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">bāo</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- paquets de...
- </td>
- <td>
- bonbons, cigarettes
- <span class="hanzi">一包糖</span>; <span class="hanzi">一包烟</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">杯</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">bēi</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- verres, coupes de...
- </td>
- <td>
- thé, vin
- <span class="hanzi"> 一杯茶</span>; <span class="hanzi"> 三杯酒</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">本</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">bĕn</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- livres, volumes, magazines
- </td>
- <td>
- <p>magazines, romans <span class="hanzi">四本杂志</span>; <span class="hanzi">三本小说</span></p>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">笔</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">bĭ</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- traits d'un caractère ; somme d'argent
- </td>
- <td>
- traits, argent
- <span class="hanzi">两笔</span>; <span class="hanzi">一笔钱</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">遍</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">biàn</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- CL. d'action indiquant un processus terminé
- </td>
- <td>
- <p>regarder (un film), lire (un texte) <span class="hanzi">电影看了两遍</span>; <span class="hanzi">课文念了三遍</span></p>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">部</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">bù</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- machinerie ; petits appareils, véhicules ; lecture (audio/vidéo) ; représentations ; travaux écrits
- </td>
- <td>
- <p>voitures, lectures, films, opéra <span class="hanzi">六部轿车</span>; <span class="hanzi">一部话剧</span>;<span class="hanzi">一部电影</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">一部著作</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">三部歌剧</span></p>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">层</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">céng</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- couches de... ; étages
- </td>
- <td>
- <p>poussière, gâteau, étage <span class="hanzi">一层灰</span>; <span class="hanzi">两层蛋糕</span>; <span class="hanzi">三层楼</span></p>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">次</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">cì</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- CL. d'action indiquant le nombre de fois
- </td>
- <td>
- <p>rendre visite; faire qch <span class="hanzi">去了一次中国</span>; <span class="hanzi">这件事作了两次</span></p>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">打</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">dá</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- douzaines de...
- </td>
- <td>
- <p>crayons, oeufs <span class="hanzi">一打铅笔</span>; <span class="hanzi">两打鸡蛋</span></p>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">袋</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">dài</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- sacs de...
- </td>
- <td>
- <p>sucre, farine, riz <span class="hanzi">一袋面粉;</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">两袋大米</span></p>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">顶</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">dĭng</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- qch qui se place au-dessus de la tête
- </td>
- <td>
- <p>chapeau, tentes, parapluies <span class="hanzi">一顶帽子</span>; <span class="hanzi">五顶蚊帐</span></p>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">对</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">duì</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- des paires assorties/appariées de...
- </td>
- <td>
- <p>couples, vases <span class="hanzi">一对夫妇</span>; <span class="hanzi">一对花瓶</span></p>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">顿</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">dùn</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- actions courtes
- </td>
- <td>
- manger un plat; tabasser qqn
- <span class="hanzi">吃了一顿饭</span>; <span class="hanzi">把他打了一顿</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">朵</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">duō</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- choses en forme de fleur
- </td>
- <td>
- fleurs, nuages, champignons
- <span class="hanzi">七朵花</span>; <span class="hanzi">一朵云彩</span>; <span class="hanzi">几朵木耳</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">份</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">fèn</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- portions
- </td>
- <td>
- journal, emploi, salade
- <span class="hanzi">一份报</span>; <span class="hanzi">一份工作; 一份沙拉</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">封</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">fēng</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- pouvant se glisser dans une enveloppe
- </td>
- <td>
- lettres, télégrammes
- <span class="hanzi">两封信</span>; <span class="hanzi">一封电报</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">幅</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">fú</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- objets avec une image peinte ou dessinée
- </td>
- <td>
- peintures, bannières
- <span class="hanzi">三幅画</span>; <span class="hanzi">一幅对联</span>; <span class="hanzi">八幅标语</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">个</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">ge</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- unités de... (classificateur généraliste)
- </td>
- <td>
- personnes, écoles, idées
- <span class="hanzi">五个人</span>; <span class="hanzi">两个学校</span>; <span class="hanzi">一个主意</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">根</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">gēn</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- objets fins et flexibles
- </td>
- <td>
- cheveux, fils, élastiques
- <span class="hanzi">两根头发</span>; <span class="hanzi">一根线</span>; <span class="hanzi">三根绳</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">盒</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">hé</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- petites boites de...
- </td>
- <td>
- <p>cigarettes, gâteaux <span class="hanzi">三盒烟</span>; <span class="hanzi">一盒蛋糕</span></p>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">户</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">hù</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- familles, foyers
- </td>
- <td>
- foyers
- <span class="hanzi">这个村子有五户人家</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">回</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">huí</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- CL. d'action similaire à <span class="hanzi">次</span> mais plis familier
- </td>
- <td>
- actions / fois
- <span class="hanzi">看了他两回</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">家</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">jiā</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- établissements
- </td>
- <td>
- compagnie, restaurants, boutiques
- <span class="hanzi">一家公司</span>; <span class="hanzi">四家饭馆</span>; <span class="hanzi">八家商店</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">架</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">jià</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- machinerie ; véhicule
- </td>
- <td>
- avion, pianos, ordinateurs
- <span class="hanzi">一架飞机</span>; <span class="hanzi">十架钢琴</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">间</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">jiān</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- toutes sortes de pièces (lieu)
- </td>
- <td>
- chambre, cuisines, salle de classe
- <span class="hanzi">一间卧室</span>; <span class="hanzi">两间厨房</span>; <span class="hanzi">三间教室</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">件</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">jiàn</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- vêtements ; sujets
- </td>
- <td>
- chemises, mantaux, choses
- <span class="hanzi">两</span><span class="hanzi"> </span> <span class="hanzi">件</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">衬</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">衫</span>; <span class="hanzi">一</span><span class="hanzi"> </span> <span class="hanzi">件</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">大</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">衣</span>; <span class="hanzi">三</span><span class="hanzi">件</span><span class="hanzi">事</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">句</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">jù</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- phrases ; lignes de texte
- </td>
- <td>
- expressions, proverbes
- <span class="hanzi">三句成语</span>; <span class="hanzi">一句诗</span>; <span class="hanzi">两句话</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">课</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">kè</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- leçons
- </td>
- <td>
- <p>leçons <span class="hanzi">两本书有五十课课文</span></p>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">棵</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">kē</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- arbres ; plantes
- </td>
- <td>
- pins, rose
- <span class="hanzi">三棵松树</span>; <span class="hanzi">一棵玫瑰</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">口</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">kŏu</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- population à petite échelle (pour un nombre inférieur à 100)
- </td>
- <td>
- famille
- <span class="hanzi">一家三口人</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">块</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">kuài</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- morceaux (de forme irrégulière)
- </td>
- <td>
- gâteau, montres
- <span class="hanzi">一</span><span class="hanzi"> </span> <span class="hanzi">块</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">蛋</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">糕</span>; <span class="hanzi">两块表</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">辆</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">liàng</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- véhicule sur roues
- </td>
- <td>
- voiture, vélo
- <span class="hanzi">一辆汽车</span>; <span class="hanzi">一辆脚踏车</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">名</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">míng</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- personne membre de...
- </td>
- <td>
- membres du parti, professeurs universitaires
- <span class="hanzi">一名党员</span>; <span class="hanzi">两名大学教师</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">排</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">pái</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- lignes de...
- </td>
- <td>
- chaises, tables, personnes
- <span class="hanzi">十几排椅子</span>; <span class="hanzi">四排桌子</span>; <span class="hanzi">一排人</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">篇</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">piān</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- écrits
- </td>
- <td>
- essais
- <span class="hanzi">一篇文章</span>; <span class="hanzi">两篇论文</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">片</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">piàn</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- objets fins et de forme irrégulière
- </td>
- <td>
- feuilles, champs, lacs
- <span class="hanzi">三片叶子</span>; <span class="hanzi">一片麦田</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">瓶</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">píng</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- bouteilles de...
- </td>
- <td>
- vin, eau, huile
- <span class="hanzi">两瓶酒</span>; <span class="hanzi">一瓶水</span>; <span class="hanzi">三瓶油</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">扇</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">shàn</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- choses verticales avec une surface
- </td>
- <td>
- portes, fenêtres
- <span class="hanzi">三扇门; </span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">一扇窗</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">首</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">shŏu</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- vers
- </td>
- <td>
- chansons, poèmes
- <span class="hanzi">一首民歌</span>; <span class="hanzi">两首中国诗歌</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">束</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">shù</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- bouquets de...
- </td>
- <td>
- fleurs
- <span class="hanzi">一束花</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">双</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">shuāng</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- paires de...
- </td>
- <td>
- chaussures, gants, baguettes
- <span class="hanzi">六双鞋</span>; <span class="hanzi">一双手套</span>; <span class="hanzi">一双筷子</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">所</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">suŏ</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- petits bâtiments ; institutions
- </td>
- <td>
- universités, maisons particulières
- <span class="hanzi">一所大学;</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">一所房子</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">台</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">tái</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- objets lourds (machines)
- </td>
- <td>
- télé, ordinateur
- <span class="hanzi">一台电视; 一台电脑</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">堂</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">táng</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- cours ; conférences
- </td>
- <td>
- leçons
- <span class="hanzi">三堂课</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">趟</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">tàng</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- CL. d'action similaire à <span class="hanzi">次</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- rendre visite
- <span class="hanzi">去了三趟</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">套</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">tào</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- ensemble, assortiment de...
- </td>
- <td>
- costumes, timbres
- <span class="hanzi">西装</span>; <span class="hanzi">邮票</span>; <span class="hanzi">房间</span>; <span class="hanzi">家具</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">条</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">tiáo</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- choses étroites, longues et sinueuses ; bas de vêtements
- </td>
- <td>
- poisson, chiens, rivières, pantalons, jupes, bateaux
- <span class="hanzi">一条鱼</span>; <span class="hanzi">三条狗</span>; <span class="hanzi">两条裤子</span>,<span class="hanzi">裙子</span>; <span class="hanzi">一条船</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">头</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">tóu</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- "têtes de bétail" : animaux de ferme excepté les chevaux et les moutons.
- </td>
- <td>
- porc, buffles
- <span class="hanzi">一头猪</span>; <span class="hanzi">两头牛</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">碗</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">wăn</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- bols de...
- </td>
- <td>
- riz, nouilles, soupe
- <span class="hanzi">两碗饭</span>; <span class="hanzi">一碗面</span>; <span class="hanzi">一碗汤</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">位</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">wèi</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- personnes (pour marquer le respect)
- </td>
- <td>
- professeurs, client
- <span class="hanzi">三位老师</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">一位顾客</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">下</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">xià</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- CL. d'action pour les mouvements frappants
- </td>
- <td>
- <p><span class="hanzi">打两下</span>; <span class="hanzi">摁一下</span></p>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">张</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">zhāng</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- objets faits de papier; choses ayant une surface plane
- </td>
- <td>
- papier, ticket, lit, table
- <span class="hanzi">一</span><span class="hanzi"> </span> <span class="hanzi">张</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">纸</span>; <span class="hanzi">一</span><span class="hanzi"> </span> <span class="hanzi">张</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">票</span>; <span class="hanzi">一</span><span class="hanzi"> </span> <span class="hanzi">张</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">桌</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">子</span>; <span class="hanzi">一</span><span class="hanzi"> </span> <span class="hanzi">张</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">床</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">枝</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">zhī</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- objets longs et étroits, en forme de brindille
- </td>
- <td>
- stylo
- <span class="hanzi">一枝钢笔</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">只</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">zhī</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- animaux ; un(e) des deux d'une paire
- </td>
- <td>
- poule, chaussure
- <span class="hanzi">三只鸡;</span><span class="hanzi"> </span><span class="hanzi">一只鞋</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- <span class="hanzi">种</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">zhŏng</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- genres ou type de...
- </td>
- <td>
- choses, livres, personnes
- <span class="hanzi">一种东西</span>; <span class="hanzi">一种书</span>; <span class="hanzi">一种人</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td lang="zh">
- <span class="hanzi">座</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- <span class="pinyin">zuò</span>
- </td>
- <td>
- montagnes ; grandes constructions
- </td>
- <td>
- montagne, immeuble
- <span class="hanzi">一座山</span>, <span class="hanzi">一座</span><span class="hanzi">大楼</span>
- </td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
- </body>
- </html>
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