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Chinese-Chine-nouvelle


			
				
					
						
						
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  <title>Leçon 05 - Pays, Nationalité -</title>
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    <h1>Leçon 05 - Pays, Nationalité -</h1>

    <div class="resume">
      Apprenez à donner le nom de votre pays d'origine et votre nationalité en Chinois. Vocabulaire : D'où venez vous? Êtes-vous allés en Chine? Noms de pays et nationalités.
    </div>

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_401">Contenu de la leçon</h2>

      <div class="contents">
        <ul>
          <li>Conversation 1 : Dans quel pays allez-vous?</li>

          <li>Conversation 2 : D'où venez vous?</li>

          <li>Conversation 3 : Es-tu allé(e) en Chine?</li>

          <li>Grammaire</li>

          <li>Exercices de substitution</li>

          <li>Exercices de calligraphie</li>
        </ul>
      </div>
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_402">Conversation 1 : Dans quel pays allez-vous? （<span class="hanzist">您去哪个国家</span>）</h2>

      <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/05-01.mp3"></audio>

      <ul>
        <li>- <span class="hanzi">先生您去哪个国家？</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Xiānsheng, nín qù nǎ gè guójiā?</span><br/> - Monsieur, ( dans ) quel pays allez-vous?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">我去中国。</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Wǒ qù Zhōngguó.</span><br/> - Je vais en Chine.</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">您是中国人吗？</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Nín shì Zhōngguórén ma?</span><br/> - Êtes-vous Chinois?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">是的我是中国人。</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Shìde, wǒ shì Zhōngguórén.</span><br/> - Oui, je suis Chinois.</li>
      </ul>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_403">Vocabulaire</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Hanzi
              </th>

              <th>
                Pinyin
              </th>

              <th>
                Type<br/>

                grammatical
              </th>

              <th>
                Traduction
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">先生</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">xiānsheng</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                monsieur
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">去</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">qù</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                aller
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">哪</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">nǎ</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (pro)
              </td>

              <td>
                quel
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">个</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">gè</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (spe)
              </td>

              <td>
                (un spécificatif)
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">国家</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">guójiā</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                pays
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">中国</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Zhōngguó</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                Chine
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">人</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">rén</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                personne
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">中国人</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Zhōngguórén</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                un Chinois
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">是的</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">shìde</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (expr)
              </td>

              <td>
                oui
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_404">Conversation 2 : De quel pays es-tu? （<span class="hanzi">你是哪国人</span>）</h2>

      <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/05-02.mp3"></audio>

      <ul>
        <li>- <span class="hanzi">小姐你是哪国人？</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Xiǎojiě, nǐ shì nǎguó rén?</span><br/> - Mademoiselle, d'où venez-vous? ( de quel pays es-tu? )</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">我是美国人。</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Wǒ shì Měiguórén.</span><br/> - Je suis Américaine.</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">他们也是美国人 吗？</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Tāmen yě shì Měiguórén ma?</span><br/> - Sont-ils aussi Américains?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">不，他们不是美国人。</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Bù, tāmen bú shì Měiguórén.</span><br/> - Non, ils ne sont pas Américains,</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">他们都是英国人。</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Tāmen dōu shì Yīngguórén.</span><br/> - Ils sont Britanniques.</li>
      </ul>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_405">Vocabulaire</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Hanzi
              </th>

              <th>
                Pinyin
              </th>

              <th>
                Type<br/>

                grammatical
              </th>

              <th>
                Traduction
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">小姐</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">xiǎojiě</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                mademoiselle
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">国</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">guó</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                pays
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">美国</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Měiguó</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                États-Unis
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">们</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">men</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (suf)
              </td>

              <td>
                (suffixe du pluriel)
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">他们</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">tāmen</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (pro)
              </td>

              <td>
                ils
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">也</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">yě</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adv)
              </td>

              <td>
                aussi
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">不</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">bù, bú</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adv)
              </td>

              <td>
                ne pas...
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">都</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">dōu</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adv)
              </td>

              <td>
                tous
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">英国</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Yīngguó</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                Grande-Bretagne
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_406">Conversation 3 : Es-tu allé(e) en Chine? （<span class="hanzist">你去过中国吗？</span>）</h2>

      <audio controls="controls" src="../Audio/05-03.mp3"></audio>

      <ul>
        <li>- <span class="hanzi">你去过中国吗？</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Nǐ qù guo Zhōngguó ma?</span><br/> - Es-tu allé(e) en Chine?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">我没去过中国。</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Wǒ méi qù guo Zhōngguó.</span><br/> - Je ne suis pas allé(e) en Chine.</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">你想去中国吗？</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Nǐ xiǎng qù Zhōngguó ma?</span><br/> - Veux-tu aller en Chine?</li>

        <li>- <span class="hanzi">我很想去中国。</span><br/> - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ hěn xiǎng qù Zhōngguó.</span><br/> - Oui, j'ai très envie d'aller en Chine.</li>
      </ul>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_407">Vocabulaire</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <thead>
            <tr class="header">
              <th>
                Hanzi
              </th>

              <th>
                Pinyin
              </th>

              <th>
                Type<br/>

                grammatical
              </th>

              <th>
                Traduction
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>

          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">过</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">guo</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (part)
              </td>

              <td>
                particule du passé
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">没</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">méi</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adv)
              </td>

              <td>
                ne pas...
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">想</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">xiǎng</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (v)
              </td>

              <td>
                vouloir, penser
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">很</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">hěn</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (adv)
              </td>

              <td>
                très
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_408">Grammaire</h2>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_409">Les particules verbales <span class="hanzist">过</span> et <span class="hanzist">没</span></h3>

        <p>La particule verbale <span class="hanzi">过</span> placée juste après le verbe indique une action qui a eu lieu dans le passé. Elle est souvent utilisée pour accentuer une expérience.</p>

        <p>La forme négative de "verbe + <span class="hanzi">过</span>" est:</p>

        <div class="deux">
          <span class="hanzist">没</span> + verbe + <span class="hanzist">过</span>
        </div>

        <p>Exemples:</p>

        <div class="exemple">
          <ul>
            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我 去 过 美国。</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Wǒ qù guò měiguó.</span><br/> - Je suis allé aux États-Unis.</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我 没 去 过 美国。</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Wǒ méi qù guò měiguó.</span><br/> - Je ne suis pas allé aux États-Unis.</li>
          </ul>
        </div>
      

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_410">Structure de la phrase</h3>

        <p>L'adverbe est toujours placé devant le verbe.</p>

        <p>Exemples:</p>

        <div class="exemple">
          <ul>
            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我 也 是 中国人。</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Wǒ yě shì zhōngguó rén.</span><br/> - Je suis aussi Chinois.</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我们 都 是 中国人。</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Wǒmen dōu shì zhōngguó rén.</span><br/> - Nous sommes tous Chinois.</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我 不 是 中国人。</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Wǒ bùshì zhōngguó rén.</span><br/> - Je ne suis pas Chinois.</li>
          </ul>
        </div>
      

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_411">Le verbe <span class="hanzist">想</span></h3>

        <p><span class="hanzi">想</span> est un verbe optatif (qui exprime le souhait). Il se place avant le verbe principal.</p>

        <p>Exemples:</p>

        <div class="exemple">
          <ul>
            <li>- <span class="hanzi">你 想 去 中国 吗？</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Nǐ xiǎng qù zhōngguó ma?</span><br/> - Veux-tu aller en Chine?</li>

            <li>- <span class="hanzi">我 很 想 去 中国。</span><br/>- <span class="pinyin">Wǒ hěn xiǎng qù zhōngguó.</span><br/> - J'ai très envie d'aller en Chine.</li>
          </ul>
        </div>
      
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_412">Exercices de substitution</h2>

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_413">Exercice 1</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">您去哪个国家？</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Nín qù nǎ gè guójiā?</span>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">我去<span class="encadrerouge">中国</span>。</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ qù <span class="encadrerouge">Zhōngguó</span>.</span>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <p><br/></p>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">法国</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Fǎguó</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                France
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">德国</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Déguó</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                Allemagne
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">加拿大</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Jiānádà</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                Canada
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">意大利</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Yìdàlì</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                Italie
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">日本</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Rīběn</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                Japon
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_414">Exercice 2</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">您是<span class="encadrerouge">中国人</span>吗?</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Nín shì <span class="encadrerouge">Zhōngguórén</span> ma?</span>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">我 ( 不 )是<span class="encadrerouge">中国人</span>.</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin">Wǒ (bú) shì <span class="encadrerouge">Zhōngguórén</span>.</span>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <p><br/></p>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">法国人</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Fǎguórén</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                Français (personne)
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">德国人</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Déguórén</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                Allemand
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">加拿大人</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Jiānádàrén</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                Canadien
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">意大利人</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Yìdàlìrén</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                Italien
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">日本人</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">Rīběnrén</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (n)
              </td>

              <td>
                Japonais
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      

        <h3 id="sigil_toc_id_415">Exercice 3</h3>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">你</span>是哪国人？</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Nǐ </span>shì nǎ guó rén?</span>
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi"><span class="encadrerouge">我</span>是 美国人。</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                - <span class="pinyin"><span class="encadrerouge">Wǒ</span> shì Měiguórén.</span>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>

        <p><br/></p>

        <table class="table1">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">你</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">nǐ</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (pro)
              </td>

              <td>
                tu, toi
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">我</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">wǒ</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (pro)
              </td>

              <td>
                je, moi
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">你们</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">nǐmen</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (pro)
              </td>

              <td>
                vous
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">我们</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">wǒmen</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (pro)
              </td>

              <td>
                nous
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">他</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">tā</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (pro)
              </td>

              <td>
                il, lui
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">她</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">tā</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (pro)
              </td>

              <td>
                elle
              </td>
            </tr>

            <tr>
              <td>
                <span class="hanzi">他们</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                <span class="pinyin">tāmen</span>
              </td>

              <td>
                (pro)
              </td>

              <td>
                ils
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      
    

      <h2 id="sigil_toc_id_416">Exercices de calligraphie</h2>

      <p>20 nouveaux caractères </p>

      <p><a href="20808.html">先</a> <a href="21435.html">去</a> <a href="21738.html">哪</a> <a href="20010.html">个</a> <a href="22269.html">国</a> <a href="23478.html">家</a> <a href="20013.html">中</a> <a href="20154.html">人</a> <a href="23567.html">小</a> <a href="22992.html">姐</a> <a href="32654.html">美</a> <a href="20204.html">们</a> <a href="20063.html">也</a> <a href="19981.html">不</a> <a href="37117.html">都</a> <a href="33521.html">英</a> <a href="36807.html">过</a> <a href="27809.html">没</a> <a href="24819.html">想</a> <a href="24456.html">很</a></p>

      <p><a href="20013.html"><img src="../Images/file44.jpg" alt="img54.jpeg"/></a></p>

      <p><a href="22269.html"><img src="../Images/file45.jpg" alt="img55.jpeg"/></a></p>

      <p><span id="lesson06.xhtml"></span></p>
    
  
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