Chinese-Rudgers/Cours/rudgers-27.txt

Lesson Twenty Seven: Dialogue Has the Party for the Spring Festival Started?


Ding: Teacher Gu, Has get-together party started yet?
   Gu:   Not yet. The party won’t start until seven thirty. There are more than ten 
          minutes to go. Do you want some drinks? 
   Ding: I want some orange juice. Thanks. Teacher Gu, Are there many people coming 
          to the party today?
   Gu:   There are quite a large number of people who came. Some have already gone 
          upstairs. Let’s go up, too.
   Ding: Teacher Gu, You go up first. I’ll wait for my parents here. Tonight they 
          will come to attend our department’s party for the Spring festival.
   GU:   Really? That’s great. When your parents arrive, please do introduce us.
   Ding: Sure.

            ( Ten Minutes Later )

   Ding: Teacher Gu, let me introduce: this is my Dad, and this is my Mom. Mom, Dad, 
          this is teacher Gu from the East Asian Library. She teaches us calligraphy too.
   Mom/Dad: Glad to meet you.
   Gu:   Welcome, Welcome.
   Ding: Teacher Gu, my parents went to China last August.
   Gu:   Really? What places have you visited?
   Dad:  We have been to quite a few places. Beijing, Shanghai, Xi’an, (we) have visited. 
          China is beautiful.
   Gu:   Do you want to go again?
   Mom:  Oh, yes.
   Ding: Xueyou and I plan to go to Beijing this summer vocation. My parents said they would 
          go together with us.
   Gu:   Will (you) go this summer vocation?
   Ding: Right, (We) will go this summer vocation. But, it’s seven thirty now. We have to 
          go to attend the get-together first.
   Gu:   Yes. Everybody, please.


初级第二十七课: 对话 春节联欢晚会开始了吗？


小丁 ：  古老师联欢晚会开始了吗？
   古老师 ：没有呢。晚会七点半才开始。还有十几分钟。你要喝点儿饮料吗？
   小丁 ：  我想喝点儿橘子水。谢谢。古老师，今天来参加晚会的人多吗？
   古老师 ：来的人真不少。有的已经上搂了。我们也上去 吧。  
   小丁 ：  古老师，您先上去吧，我在这儿等我的爸爸妈妈。今晚他们也来参加
            我们系的春节联欢晚会。
   古老师 ：真的吗，那太好了。爸爸，妈妈来的时候，你一定要给我们介绍介绍。
   小丁 ：  好的，一定。
 
                           (十分钟以後)
 
   小丁 ：  古老师，我给你 们介绍一下：这是我爸爸 ，这是我妈妈。爸爸，妈妈，
            这是东亚图书馆的古老师。她也教我们书法。
   爸爸妈妈 ：认识您 ,我们很高兴。
   古老师 ： 欢迎，欢迎。
   小丁 ：   古老师，我爸爸妈妈去年八月去中国。
   古老师 ： 是吗？你们参观了哪些地方？
   爸爸 ：   我们去了不少地方。北京，上海，西安，都去了。中国真漂亮。
   古老师 ： 你们还想去吗？
   妈妈 ：   想，想。
   小丁 ：   我和学友今年暑假打算去北京。我爸爸妈妈说他们要跟我们一起去。
   古老师 ： 今年暑假就去吗？
   小丁 ：   对，今年暑假就去。不过，现在已经七点半了，我们得先去参加联欢会。
   古老师 ： 好，大家请吧。
  

初級第二十七課: 對話 春節聯歡晚會開始了嗎？

小丁 ﹕  古老師聯歡晚會開始了嗎？
   古老師 ﹕沒有呢。晚會七點半才開始。還有十幾分鐘。你要喝點兒飲料嗎？
   小丁 ﹕  我想喝點兒橘子水。謝謝。古老師，今天來參加晚會的人多嗎？
   古老師 ﹕來的人真不少。有的已經上摟了。我們也上去 吧。  
   小丁 ﹕  古老師，您先上去吧，我在這兒等我的爸爸媽媽。今晚他們也來參加
            我們系的春節聯歡晚會。
   古老師 ﹕真的嗎，那太好了。爸爸，媽媽來的時候，你一定要給我們介紹介紹。
   小丁 ﹕  好的，一定。
 
                           (十分鐘以後)
 
   小丁 ﹕  古老師，我給你 們介紹一下﹕這是我爸爸 ，這是我媽媽。爸爸，媽媽，
            這是東亞圖書館的古老師。她也教我們書法。
   爸爸媽媽 ﹕認識您 ,我們很高興。
   古老師 ﹕ 歡迎，歡迎。
   小丁 ﹕   古老師，我爸爸媽媽去年八月去中國。
   古老師 ﹕ 是嗎？你們參觀了哪些地方？
   爸爸 ﹕   我們去了不少地方。北京，上海，西安，都去了。中國真漂亮。
   古老師 ﹕ 你們還想去嗎？
   媽媽 ﹕   想，想。
   小丁 ﹕   我和學友今年暑假打算去北京。我爸爸媽媽說他們要跟我們一起去。
   古老師 ﹕ 今年暑假就去嗎？
   小丁 ﹕   對，今年暑假就去。不過，現在已經七點半了，我們得先去參加聯歡會。
   古老師 ﹕ 好，大家請吧。
  
Chūjí Dì èrshíqī Kè: Duìhuà

 
Chūnjié Liánhuān Wănhuì Kāishĭ le ma?

Chūnjié Liánhuān Wănhuì Kāishĭ le ma?


  Xiăo Dīng: Gŭ lăoshī liánhuān wănhuì kāishĭ le ma?
  Gŭ lăoshī: Mēiyŏu ne. Wănhuì qīdiăn bàn cái kāishĭ. Hái yŏu shíjĭ fēnzhōng. Nĭ yào hē diănr 
  	     yĭnliào ma?
  Xiăo Dīng: Wŏ xiăng hē diănr júzi shuĭ. Xièxie, Gŭ lăoshī jīntiān lái cānjiā wănhuì de rén 
	     duō ma?
  Gŭ lăoshī: Lái de rén zhēn bùshăo. Yŏude yĭjīng shàng lóu le. Wŏmen yĕ shàng qù ba.
  Xiăo Dīng: Gŭ lăoshī  nín xiān shàng qù ba, wŏ zài zhèr dĕng wŏde bàba māma. Jīnwăn
	     tāmen yĕ lái cānjiā wŏmen xì de chūnjié liánhuān wănhuì.
  Gŭ lăoshī: Zhēnde ma? Nà tài hăo le. Bàba, māma lái de shíhòu, nĭ yīdìng yào gĕi wŏmen 
	     jièshào jièshào.
  Xiăo Dīng: Hăo de, yídìng.

                          (Shí Fēnzhōng Yĭhòu)

  Xiăo Dīng: Gŭ lăoshī  wŏ gĕi nĭmen jièshào yíxià  zhè shì wŏ bàba, zhè shì wŏ māma.
	     Bàba, māma, zhè shì Dōngyà túshūguăn de Gù lăoshī. Tā jiāo wŏmen shūfă.
  Bàba,māma: Rénshi nín, wŏmen hĕn gāoxìng.
  Gŭ lăoshī: Huānyíng, huānyíng.
  Xiăo Dīng: Wŏ Bàba, Māma qùnián bāyuè qù Zhōngguó.
  Gŭ lăoshī: Shìma? Nĭmen cānguān le năxiē dìfāng?
  Bàba:	     Wŏmen qù le bùshăo dìfāng. Bĕijīng, Shànghăi, Xī'ān, dōu qù le. Zhōngguó.
	     zhēn piàoliàng.
  Gŭ Lăoshī: Nĭmen hái xiăng qù ma?
  Māma:	     Xiăng, xiăng.
  Xiăo Dīng: Wŏ hé Xuéyŏu jīnnián shŭjià dăsuàn qù Bĕijīng. Wŏ Bàba, Māma shuō tāmen
	     yào gēn wŏmen yìqĭ qù.
  Gŭ lăoshī: Jīnnián shŭjià jiù qù ma?
  Xiăo Dīng: Duì, jīnnián shŭjià jiù qù. Búguò xiànzài yĭjīng qīdiăn bàn le. Wŏmen dĕi xiān qù 
	     cānjiā liánhuān huì.
  Gŭ lăoshī: Hăo, dàjiā qĭng ba.



Lesson Twenty Seven: Article Ding’s parents went to China


Last year Ding’s parents went to China for a visit. They 
left New York in Mid-July, and did not return until late August. In China, they 
visited a lot of places. (They) have been to Beijing, Shanghai, Xi’an, and 
Guilin. Among these few cities, they liked Beijing the most. 

In Beijing, 
they stayed a total of two weeks. Besides the forbidden city and the Great Wall, 
they also browsed through five parks, visited three museums, saw two Peking 
operas, interviewed a school, and went to a lot of restaurants. Before (they) 
went to China, Mr. and Mrs. Ding liked to eat Chinese food very much. Every 
week, as long as they got a chance, they would have Chinese food once. You 
wouldn’t believe how happy they were, when Mr. and Mrs. Ding arrived in Beijing, 
and saw all kinds of restaurants. They tasted Beijing, Shanghai, and Sichuan 
cuisines, tried the famous Chinese Maotai, and also learned how to use Chinese 
Chopsticks. If it wasn’t for the sake of (their) health, Mr. and Mrs. Ding would 
have tried out all the restaurants in the city of Beijing. 

Only a year 
ago did Mr. and Mrs. Ding return from China to the States. Now, they want to go 
to China again. This summer vocation, their daughter Ding will go to study in 
Beijing. Mr. and Mrs. Ding want to go with her. It has only been a year since 
they came back from China, and (they) want to go again. Don’t you think (they) 
are too anxious?! 

初级第二十七课: 短文 爸爸妈妈去年去了中国

丁人美的爸爸妈妈去年去中国参观访问。他们七月中从纽约出发，八月底才回来。 
在中国，他们参观了不少地方。北京，上海，西安，桂林都去了。这几个城 
市，他们说他们最喜欢北京。
 
在北京，他们一共呆了两个星期。除了故宫，长城以外，他们还跑了五个 
公园，参观了三个博物馆，看了两场京剧，访问了一个学校，上了无数的饭馆。 
去中国以前，丁先生，丁太太就很喜欢吃中国饭。每个星期只要有机会， 
他们都要吃一次中国饭。到了北京，见到了各种各样的中国饭馆，丁先生， 
丁太太别提有多高兴了。他们尝了北京菜，上海菜，四川菜，还试了中国有名 
的茅台酒，还学会了用中国筷子。要不是为健康考虑，丁先生，丁太太还真要 
吃遍北京城呢！
    
丁先生丁太太一年以前才从中国回美国。现在，他们还想再去中国。今年暑假 
他们的女儿小丁要去北京学习。丁先生，丁太太也想跟她一起去。从中国回来 
才一年，就想再去，你说是不是太着急了呢？
  

初級第二十七課: 短文 爸爸媽媽去年去了中國

丁人美的爸爸媽媽去年去中國參觀訪問。他們七月中從紐約出發，八月底才回來。 
在中國，他們參觀了不少地方。北京，上海，西安，桂林都去了。這幾個城 
市，他們說他們最喜歡北京。
 
在北京，他們一共呆了兩個星期。除了故宮，長城以外，他們還跑了五個 
公園，參觀了三個博物館，看了兩場京劇，訪問了一個學校，上了無數的飯館。 
去中國以前，丁先生，丁太太就很喜歡吃中國飯。每個星期只要有機會， 
他們都要吃一次中國飯。到了北京，見到了各種各樣的中國飯館，丁先生， 
丁太太別提有多高興了。他們嘗了北京菜，上海菜，四川菜，還試了中國有名 
的茅台酒，還學會了用中國筷子。要不是為健康考慮，丁先生，丁太太還真要 
吃遍北京城呢！
    
丁先生丁太太一年以前才從中國回美國。現在，他們還想再去中國。今年暑假 
他們的女兒小丁要去北京學習。丁先生，丁太太也想跟她一起去。從中國回來 
才一年，就想再去，你說是不是太著急了呢？


Chūjí Dì èrshíqī Kè: Duǎnwén

 
Bàba māma qùnián qù le Zhōngguó

Bàba māma qùnián qù le Zhōngguó


Dīng Rénmĕi de Bàba māma qùnián qù Zhōngguó cānguān făngwèn. Tāmen qīyuè zhōng cóng 
Niŭyuē chūfā bāyuè dĭ cái huílái. Zài Zhōngguó tāmen cānguān le bùshăo dìfāng. 
Bĕijīng, Shànghăi, Xī'ān, Guìlín dōu qù le. 


Zhè jĭgè chéngshì tāmen shuō tāmen zuì xĭhuān Bĕijīng. Zài Bĕijīng, tāmen yígòng 
dāi le liănggè xīngqī. Chúle Gùgōng, Chángchéng Yĭwài, tāmen hái păo le wŭgè gōng
yuán, cānguān le sāngè bówùguăn, kàn le liăng chăng jīngjù făngwèn le yígè xuéxiào, 
shàng le wúshù de fànguăn. Qù Zhōngguó yĭqián, Dīng xiānsheng, Dīng tàitai jiù hĕn 
xĭhuān chī Zhōngguó fàn. Mĕigè xīngqī zhĭyào yŏu jīhuì tāmen dōu yào chī yícì 
Zhōngguó fàn. Dào le Bĕijīng, jiàndào le gèzhŏng gèyàng de Zhōngguó fànguăn, Dīng 
xiānsheng Dīng tàitai bié tí yŏu duō gāoxìng le. Tāmen cháng le Bĕijīng cài, 
Shànghăi cài, Sìchuān cài, hái shì le Zhōngguó yŏumíng de Máotái jiŭ hái xuéhuì 
le yòng Zhōngguó kuàizi. Yào búshì wèi jiànkāng kăolù Dīng xiānsheng, Dīng tàitai 
hái zhēn yào chībiàn Bĕijīng chéng ne! 


Dīng xiānshēng, Dīng tàitai yìnián yĭqián cái cóng Zhōngguó huí Mĕiguó. Xiànzài, 
Tānmen hái xiăng qù Zhōngguó. Jīnnián shŭjià tāmen de nŭ r Xiăo Dīng yào qù Bĕijīng
 xuéxí. Dīng xiānshēng, Dīng tàitai yĕ xiăng gēn tā yìqĭ qù. Cóng Zhōngguó huílái 
 cái yìnián, jiù xiăng zài qù , nĭ shuō shì búshì tài zhāojí le ne? 



词 汇

Chinese Words  Pinyin  Part of Speech	Engl. Trans.	Examples
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 春节	chūnjié	n.	Spring Festival	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
联欢	liánhuān	n.	get-together	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
饮料	yĭnliào	n.	drinks	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
暑假	shŭjià	n.	summer vocation	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
故宫	gùgōng	n.	the Forbidden City 	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
博物馆	bówùguăn	n.	museum	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
筷子	kuàizi	n. 	chopsticks	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
健康	jiànkāng	n.	health	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
城	chéng	n.	city	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
菜	cài	n.	vegetable, dishes	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
茅台	máotái	n.	a strong Chinese liquor	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
西安	Xī'ān	place n.	a city in China	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
桂林	Guìlìn	place n.	a city in China	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
开始	kāishĭ	v.	to begin, to start	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
出发	chūfā	v.	to set out, to leave	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
呆	dāi	v.	to stay	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
尝	cháng	v. 	to taste	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
试	shì	v.	to try	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
学会	xué huì	v.	to learn how to	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
到	dào	v.	to arrive	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
见到	jiàn dào	v.	to see	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
回	huì	v.	to return	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
吃遍	chī biàn	v.	to eat all of	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
中	zhōng	suffix 	mid	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
底	dĭ	suffix	late	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
着急	zháojí 	adj.	anxious	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
无数	wúshù	adj.	numerous 	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
为...考虑	wèi..kăolǜ	  set phrase	for the sake of	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
除了...以外，...还...	chúle..yĭwài,hái   	  conj.        	besides	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
别提有多高兴了	Biétì yŏu duō gāoxìng le 	  set exp.	You wouldn’t believe how happy sb. Is/are	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]
先	xiān	adv.	first	27	Rudgers	[sound:##]


语 法

1.The Perfect Aspect and the aspectual particle 了:
In Chinese, the aspectual particle may 了occur after the predicate verb to indicate the completion of an action.
The basic patterns are as follows:

Affirmative:
Subject	Predicate verb	Aspectual particle	Object	
我	    吃	          了	                        I ate.	
他	    买	          了	                三本书	        He bought three books.	
车老师	    喝	          了	                那瓶橘子水	Teacher Che had  have that bottle of OJ.	

Negative:
Subject	  Negation	Predicate verb	Object	
我	(还)  没	吃	(呢)	                I haven’t eaten yet.	
他	 没有	        买	        三本书	        He didn’t buy three books.	
车老师	  没	        喝	        那瓶橘子水	Teacher Che did not drink that bottle of  OJ.	

 
Interrogative:
Subeject	Predicate verb	 Aspectual Particle	Object	Question format	
你	        吃	           了	                没有/吗	           Did you eat?	
他	        买	           了	                三本书	没有/吗	           Did he buy three books?	
车老师	        喝	           了	            那瓶橘子水	没有/吗	           Did Teacher Che drink that bottle of OJ?	

Notes:
(1). The completion of an action has nothing to do with time. A perfect aspect of an action can happen in the future. 
For example:
明天吃了早饭你可以看电视。	Tomorrow you can watch TV after finish the breakfast. 
老师，下了课，你有空吗？	Teacher, Do you have class when the class is over?
(2). A complete action often takes place in the past, but it does not mean all actions that happen in the past should 
be in the perfect aspect. For example:
去年我常常去我妈妈家。                   Last year I often went to my Mom’s house.
昨天下午三点我看书。	                 I read at three yesterday afternoon.
(3). In a sentence with verbal constructions in a series, the perfect aspectual particle 了 is usually suffixed 
to the second verb. For example:
我去图书馆找了你要的资料。	         I went to the library to look for the information you want.
今天我用法文写了两封信。	         Today I wrote two letter in French.
(4). When the verb is reduplicated, the aspectual particle is placed before the reduplicted verb. For example:
她看了看书，说:"这不是我的。"	She took a look at the book, and said: “This is not mine.”

 
2. The adverbs 再,又,and 还:

The adverbs 再,又,and 还 can all be translated into English as “again”. Although they all indicate the repetition 
of an action or a state, they are used differently in a sentence.
再 indicate that the action is going to recur. For example:
我三点给她打了一个电话。她不在。我六点再打。  I called her at three. She was not there. I’ll call 
                                              again at six.
你作的点心真好吃。我再吃一点，好吗？          The pastry you made are delicious. May I have some more.
你这次游得不好。再游一次。	      You did not swim well this time. Do it once more.

又 indicates that the repeated action had already taken place. For example:
她上午去了图书馆，下午又去了，所以现在她不在这儿。She went to the library this morning, 
(She) went again this afternoon. So she is not here right now.

我昨天给她打了个电话，她不在。今天我又给她打了个电话，她又不在。
I called her yesterday. She was not in. I called her again today. She was still not in.

他昨天没吃饭。今天又没吃饭。	He did not eat yesterday, and again he didn’t eat today.

还  is used in both interrogative and declarative sentence to express a repetition which is NOT YET realized, 
but will be realized in the future. For example:
这个电影不错。你还看吗？ 我还看。	The movie is not bad. Do you want to see again? 
	                I do.
明天你还来吗？我还来。	        Will you come again tomorrow? I will.

还  can also be used in an interrogative or declarative sentence with an auxiliary verb. It is placed before the
auxiliary verb, and optional 再 can be placed after the auxiliary verb. For example:
你明年还想(再)去中国访问吗？我还想(再)去。	Next year do you want to visit China again? I do 
	                        want to go again.
你明天还能帮我去图书馆找资料吗？	        Can you go again to the library to help me look 
     	                        for some materials?



3. The expression 除了...以外,..还/也...and 除了...以外,...都...：	
The expression  除了...以外,...还/也...indicates an inclusion. Its English equivalent is “besides”.  
For instance:
除了法文以外，她还会说中文和英文。	
Besides French, she also speaks Chinese and English.

你除了喜欢玩电脑以外，还喜欢什麽？
What else do you like besides playing with computer?

每个星期我除了去健身房锻炼以外，还去医院当义工。
Every week besides going to the gym to exercise, I also go to the hospital to work as a volunteer.

Contrary to 除了...以外,...还/也... ,   the expression 除了...以外,...都...indicates exclusion. Its 
English counterpart is “except for”. For instance:
除了小王以外，我们都去参加春节联欢会。
Except for Wang, we'll all go to the get-together party for the Spring Festival.

除了周末以外，他每天都有课。
Everyday he has class, except for the weekend.

Sometimes, “以外”in the expression can be omitted. For example:
除了写汉字，昨天晚上我还看了课文。
Besides writing characters, I also read the text last night.

昨天的晚会，除了酒，茶和咖啡我都没有喝。
Except for wine, I did drink neither tea nor coffee at yesterday's party. 


4.Time word +就 vs. time word +才:
    
In a sentence, 就 and 才  can be placed after the time word and before the verb to indicate the speaker’s point of 
view as to whether the event expressed by the verb is later or earlier than expected. For example:

我五岁就开始学中文。(earlier than expected)	At the age of five I began to learn Chinese. 	
我五岁才开始学中文。(later than expected)	Only at the age of five did I began to learn 
	                        Chinese.

她明天就可以走。	She can leaves as early as tomorrow.
她明天才可以走。 	She can’t leave until tomorrow.

Note that time word, sometimes can also be an event which take place first. For example:

我吃了饭(以後) 就去。	After eating, I will go right away.
我吃了饭(以後)才去。	I won’t go until I eat.

他来了(以後)就打电话。	As soon as he came, he made phone calls.
他来了(以後)才打电话。	He did not call until he came.

Note that, there is always a aspectual particle 了placed after the first verb, which indicates the first event 
completes, before the second event takes place.

Summary:


Subject	Time phrase	Adverb 就/才	Verb phrase	      English translation	
我妈妈	1995年	        就	        来这儿了。	      My Mom came hear as early as 1995.	
我弟弟	昨天晚上很晚	才	        回来。	              My younger brother did not come home until late last night.	
我	看了新闻	就	        去上课。	      I will go to class as soon as I watch the news.	
她	去了邮局	才	        跟我一起去找 车老师。 He did not go with me to look for Teacher Che until he went 
                                                              to the post office.	   



语 型

5.Speech Patterns:

1.The Perfect Aspect and the aspectual particle 了:
1。你哥哥走了吗？没有，他在门口等你。
2。今天的新闻你听了没有？听了。没有意思。
3。你说要给妈妈打个电话。你打了没有？才六点半。我想晚上八点打。
4。她吃了什麽？她吃了你作的点心。她说很好吃。
5。你学会了这个汉字吗？还没呢。我只会写这个字，不会用这个字。
6。电影开始了吗？开始了。你上楼去看吧。
7。在中国，你参观了几个博物馆？在北京，我就去了三个博物馆。
8。她翻译的书多不多？她一共翻译了两本书。
9。喝了酒不能开车。那谁开呢？我开。今晚我没有喝酒。
10。我尝了尝他介绍的茅台酒。真不错。你也试试吧。

1.Nĭ gēge zŏu le ma? Méi yŏu. Tā zài ménkŏu dĕng nĭ.
2.Jīntiān de xīnwén nĭ tīng le méi yŏu? Tīng le. Méi yŏu yìsi.
3.Nĭ shuō nĭ yào gĕi māma dă ge diànhuà. Nĭ dă le méi yŏu? Xiànzài cái liù diăn. Wŏ xiăng wănshàng bā diăn dă.
4.Tā chī le shénme? Tā chī le nĭ zuò de diănxīn. Tā shuō hĕn hăo chī.
5.Nĭ xuéhuì le zhè ge Hànzì ma? Hái méi ne. Wŏ zhĭ huì xiĕ zhè ge zì, bú huì yòng zhè ge zì.
6.Diànyĭng kāishĭ le ma? Kāishĭ le. Nĭ shàng lóu qù kàn ba.
7.Zài Zhōngguó, nĭ cānguān le jĭ ge bówùguăn? Zài Bĕijīng, wŏ jiù qù le sān ge bówùguăn.
8.Tā fānyì de shū duō bù duō? Tā yìgòng fānyì le liăng bĕn shū.
9.Hē le jiŭ bù néng kāi chē. Nà shéi kāi ne? Wŏ kāi. Jīnwăn wŏ méi hē jiŭ.
10.Wŏ cháng le cháng tā jièshào de máotái jiŭ. Zhēn búcuò. Nĭ yĕ shìshi ba.

1.Has your older brother left? No. He is waiting for you at the gate.
2.Have you listened to today's news? Yes. (They) are not interesting.
3.You said that you want to make a call to your Mom. Have you done that yet? It is only six now. I want to call her at eight tonight.
4.What did she eat? She ate the deserts you made. She said (they are) delicious.
5.Have you learned this character? Not yet. I only know how to write the character, but don't know how to use it.
6.Has the movie started? Yes. You go upstairs to watch it.
7.How many museums have you visited in China? I visited three museums in Beijing alone.
8.Has she translated a lot of books? She altogether translated two books.
9.(You) can't drive after the drinking. So, who will drive? I will. I didn't drink tonight.
10.I have a taste of the Maotai he recommended. (It) is really good. You have a try.





2.The expression 除了...以外,..还/也...and 除了...以外,...都...：
( Using the expression to reconstruct the following Chinese sentences. Click to check the answers:

1。我认识这个字。我也认识那五个字。
2。我买了这本书。我也买车老师和古老师介绍的书。
3。在北京我去了故宫，还参观了很多很有意思的博物馆。
4。这个房子有三个洗澡间。一楼 有一个，二楼有两个。
5。我妹妹想当作家，也想当翻译。
6。每个星期，我星期三去医院当义工，星期一，星期  五我在图书馆打工。
7。这个系的老师我都认识。可是我不认识教书法的那个老师。
8。他们今天晚上都会来参加舞会。在三楼住的车先生不会来。
9。我弟弟有车。我哥哥，我爸爸，我妈妈，我也都有车。
10。语言实验室每天都有很多听录音的学生。星期天听录音的学生不多。


1。除了这个字(以外)，我还认识那五个字。
2。除了这本书(以外)，我还买了车老师和古老师介绍的书。
3。在北京除了故宫(以外)，我也参观了很多很有意思的博物馆。
4。这个房子除了一楼有一个洗澡间(以外)，二楼还有两个洗澡间。
5。我妹妹除了想当作家(以外)，也想当翻译。
6。每个星期，除了星期三去医院当义工以外，星期一，星期五我还在图书馆打工。
7。除了教书法的那个老师(以外)，这个系的老师我都认识。
8。除了在三楼住的车先生(以外)，他们今天晚上都会来参加舞会。
9。除了我弟弟(以外)，我哥哥，我爸爸，我妈妈，和我也有车。
10。语言实验室除了星期天以外，每天都有很多听录音的学生。


1.Chúle zhè ge zì (yĭwài), wŏ hái rènshi nà wŭ ge zì.
2.Chúle zhè bĕn shū (yĭwài), wŏ hái măi le Chē lăoshī hé Gŭ lăoshī jièshào de shū.
3.Zài Bĕijīng chúle Gùgōng (yĭwài), wŏ yĕ cānguān le hĕn duō hĕn yŏu yìsi de bówùguăn.
4.Zhè ge fángzi chúle yì lóu yŏu yì ge xĭzăojiān (yĭwài), èr lóu hái yŏu liăng ge xĭzăojiān.
5.Wŏ mèimei chúle xiăng dāng zuòjiā yĭwài, yĕ xiăng dāng fānyì.
6.Mĕi ge xīngqī, chúle xīngqī sān qù yīyuàn dāng yìgōng yĭwài, xīngqī yī,  xīngqī wŭ wŏ hái zài túshūguăn dă gōng.
7.Chúle jiāo shūfă de nà ge lăoshī (yĭwài), zhè ge xì de lăoshī wŏ dōu rènshi.
8.Chúle zài sān lóu zhù de Chē xiānsheng (yĭwài), tāmen jīntiān wănshàng dōu huì lái cānjiā wŭhuì.
9.Chúle wŏ dìdi (yĭwài), wŏ gēge, wŏ bàba, wŏ māma, hé wŏ yĕ yŏu chē.
10.Yŭyán shìyànshi chúle xīngqī tiān yĭwài, mĕi tiān dōu yŏu hĕn duō tīng lùyīn de xuésheng. 


1.Besides this character, I also know those five characters.
2.Besides this book, I also bought the books recommended by Teacher Che and Teacher Gu.
3.In Beijing I also visited many interesting museums besides the Forbidden City.
4.Besides the bathroom in the first floor, this house has two other bathrooms on the second floor.
5.Besides wishing to be a writer, my younger sister also wants to be an interpreter.
6.Every week, besides going to the hospital to be a volunteer on Wednesday, I also work in the library on Monday and Friday.
7.Except the teacher who teaches calligraphy, I know all the teachers in the department.
8.Except Mr. Che who lives on the third floor, all of them will come to the dance party tonight.
9.Besides my younger brother, my older brother, my Dad, my Mom and I, all have cars.
10.There are a lot of students listening to the recording in the language lab except Sundays.



3.Time word +就 vs. time word +才:

1。我小的时候就喜欢中国文化，可是我上了大学以後才开始学中文。
2。她会说法文不是偶然的。她五岁就跟她妈妈学法语了。
3。你明年七月才去台湾吗？我早就想去，可是我明年才有时间。
4。小京在家吗？你现在才来。他九点就出发了。
5。昨天晚上我有很多作业要作，所以一点才睡觉。可是睡得不好，今天六点一刻就起来了。
6。你怎麽还在这儿呢？我买了菜就走。
7。他昨天来了一下就走了。他几点到这儿？他说他吃了饭就开车来这儿，可是他八点三刻才到这
   儿。


1.Wŏ xiăo de shìhòu jiù xĭhuan Zhōngguó wénhuà, kĕshì wŏ shàng le dàxué yĭhòu cái kāishĭ xué Zhōngwén. 
2.Tā huì shuō  Făwén bú shì ŏurán de. Tā wŭ suì jiù gēn tā māma xué Făyŭ le.
3.Nĭ mìngnián qī yuè cái qù Táiwān ma? Wŏ zăo jiù xiăng qù,  kĕshì wŏ mìngnián cái yŏu shìjiān.
4.Xiăo Jīng zài jiā ma? Nĭ xiànzài cái lái. Tā jiŭ diăn jiù chūfā le.
5.Zuótiān wănshàng wŏ yŏu hĕn duō zuòyè yào zuò, suŏyĭ yì diăn cái shuìjiào. Kĕshì shuì de bù hăo, jīntiān liù diăn yí kè jiù qĭlái le.
6.Nĭ zĕnme hái zài zhèr ne? Wŏ măi le cài jiù zŏu.
7.Tā zuótiān lái le yíxià jiù zŏu le. Tā jĭ diăn dào zhèr? Tā shuō tā chī le fàn jiù kāi chē lái zhèr, kĕshì tā bā diăn sān kè cái dào zhèr. 



1.I like Chinese culture even when I was little, but I began to learn Chinese only when I attended college.
2.It is not accidental that she can speak French. She leaned the language from her Mom when she was only five.
3.You won't go to Taiwan until next July, right? I wanted to go long ago, but I only have time next year.
4.Is Xiao Jing at home? You finally came now. (Why didn't come early?) He left (as early as) at nine.
5.Last night I had a lot of homework to do, so (I) did not go to bed until one. But (I) did not sleep well. Today I got up at six fifteen (so early)!
6.Why are you still here? I'll leave as soon as I buy the vegetables.
7.Yesterday he dropped in for a moment and left. When did he get here. He said he drove here as soon as he had the diner, but he did not arrive here until eight forty-five.