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Chinese-comet.cls.yale.edu-grammar


			
				
					
						
						
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  <title>2. DIRECTIONAL</title>
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  <div class="grisleger">
    2. DIRECTIONAL
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  <div class="gris">
    + directional complement (+ <span class="pinyin">le</span> <span class="hanzi">了</span>)
Stating in which direction the object has been moved or is anticipated to move.
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  <ol>
    <li><audio src="../Audio/ba-IV-2.1.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Zuótiān tā bǎ háizi cóng Běijīng dàilai le.</span> <br/> <span class="hanzi">昨天她把孩子从北京带来了。</span><br/> She brought her child here from Beijing yesterday.</li>

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    <li><audio src="../Audio/ba-IV-2.2.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Qǐng bǎ nǐ-de zìxíngchē bānchūqu.</span> <br/> <span class="hanzi">请把你的自行车搬出去。</span><br/> Please move out your bicycle.</li>

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    <li><audio src="../Audio/ba-IV-2.3.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Tā bǎ yǐzi bāndào lóushàng qu le.</span> <br/> <span class="hanzi">他把椅子搬到楼上去了。</span><br/> He moved the chair upstairs.</li>

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    <li><audio src="../Audio/ba-IV-2.4.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>

<br/><span class="pinyin">Qǐng nǐ bǎ Kělè cóng bīngxiāng-li náchūlai.</span> <br/> <span class="hanzi">请你把可乐从冰箱里拿出来。</span><br/> Please take the Coke out of the refrigerator. 

    <p>Note: The coverb <span class="pinyin">cóng</span> <span class="hanzi">从</span> with a locative word or phrase points out the object 's original place before its displacement. The <span class="pinyin">cóng</span> <span class="hanzi">从</span> phrase must be placed after the object and before the verb. It is an adverbial. See examples 2.1 and 2.4. <span class="pinyin">Dào</span> <span class="hanzi">到</span> with a locative word or phrase introduces the new location to which the object has been moved. The <span class="pinyin">dào</span> <span class="hanzi">到</span> phrase must be placed after the verb. See 2.3. It is a verb complement. The <span class="pinyin">dào</span> <span class="hanzi">到</span> phrase must follow the verb immediately. When <span class="pinyin">cóng</span> <span class="hanzi">从</span> and <span class="pinyin">dào</span> <span class="hanzi">到</span> phrases are used, <span class="pinyin">bǎ</span> <span class="hanzi">把</span> construction must be used. The following example is ungrammatical.</p></li>
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  <ol type="A">
    <li><span class="pinyin"><strike>Tā bān yǐzi dào lóushàng qù le.</strike></span><br/> <span class="hanzi"><strike>他搬椅子到楼上去了。</strike></span><br/> (He moved the chair upstairs.) <br/><br/> 

    <div class="gris">
      To point out the original location of the object, follow this pattern:
    </div>

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    <div class="fondjaune">
      subj. + bǎ 把 + obj. + cóng 从 + locative word/phrase + verb + directional complement + (le了)
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    <div class="gris">
      To point out the new location to which the object has been moved, follow this pattern:
    </div>

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    <div class="fondjaune">
      subject + bǎ 把 + object + verb + dào 到 + locative word/phrase + (lái 来/ qù 去) + (le 了)
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    <div class="gris">
      To point out both the original place and the destination, follow this pattern:
    </div>

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    <div class="fondjaune">
      subject + bǎ 把 + object + cóng 从 + locative word/phrase + verb + dào 到 + locative word/phrase + ( lái 来/qù 去)+( le了)
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