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- <title>4. DATIVE</title>
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- 4. DATIVE
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- + <span class="pinyin">gěi</span> <span class="hanzi">给</span> + indirect object (+ <span class="pinyin">le</span> <span class="hanzi">了</span>)
- Pointing out the recipient of the direct object as a result of the action.
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- <li><audio src="../Audio/ba-IV-4.1.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
- <br/><span class="pinyin">Wǒ bǎ zuòyè jiāogěi lǎoshī le.</span> <br/> <span class="hanzi">我把作业交给老师了。</span><br/> I have turned in my homework to the teacher.</li>
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- <li><audio src="../Audio/ba-IV-4.2.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
- <br/><span class="pinyin">Bǎ zhèxiē shū màigěi jiù shūdiàn ba.</span> <br/> <span class="hanzi">把这些书卖给旧书店吧。</span><br/> Let 's sell these books to the used-book store.</li>
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- <li><audio src="../Audio/ba-IV-4.3.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
- <br/><span class="pinyin">Tā bǎ nèi jiàn hóng máoyī sònggěi wǒ le.</span> <br/> <span class="hanzi">她把那件红毛衣送给我了。</span><br/> She gave that red sweater to me.
- <p>Note 1: If a sentence is to state that the object has been passed to a new recipient, the predicate verb must take <span class="pinyin">gěi</span> <span class="hanzi">给</span> or a similar verb capable of introducing the recipient of the object. The <span class="pinyin">Bǎ</span> <span class="hanzi">把</span> construction is required in such a sentence. See 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3. Only verbs that imply 'transfer' or 'transaction', such as <span class="pinyin">jiāo</span> <span class="hanzi">交</span>, <span class="pinyin">sòng</span> <span class="hanzi">送</span>, <span class="pinyin">mài</span> <span class="hanzi">卖</span>, <span class="pinyin">jiè</span> <span class="hanzi">借</span>, <span class="pinyin">huán</span> <span class="pinyin">还</span>, <span class="pinyin">jì</span> <span class="hanzi">寄</span>, <span class="pinyin">dài</span> <span class="hanzi">带</span>, <span class="pinyin">chuán</span> <span class="hanzi">传</span>, etc. can be used with <span class="pinyin">gěi</span> <span class="hanzi">给</span> and an indirect object in a <span class="pinyin">bǎ</span> <span class="hanzi">把</span> sentence. Other verbs taking <span class="pinyin">gěi</span> <span class="hanzi">给</span> may not be used in a <span class="pinyin">bǎ</span> <span class="hanzi">把</span> sentence.</p></li>
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- <li><span class="pinyin"><del>Wǒ bǎ xìn xiěgěi wǒ péngyou le.</del></span> (Ungrammatical)<br/> <span class="hanzi"><del>我把信写给我朋友了。</del></span><br/> (I wrote the letter to my friend.) <br/><br/>
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- If the direct object is not definite, specific or known to the listener, and the speaker intends to simply point out what it is that has been transferred or to narrate what someone has done as one of the events that has happened, <span class="pinyin">bǎ</span> <span class="hanzi">把</span> may not be necessary.
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- <li><audio src="../Audio/ba-IV-4B.mp3" controls="controls"></audio>
- <br/><span class="pinyin">Wǒ sònggěi Xiǎo Wáng yì zhī bǐ.</span> <br/> <span class="hanzi">我送给小王一支笔。</span><br/> I gave Young Wang a pen. <br/><br/>
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- If the direct object is definite, specific or something that the listener knows or understands, <span class="pinyin">bǎ</span> <span class="hanzi">把 </span>construction must be used.
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- <li><br/><span class="pinyin"><del>Wǒ sònggěi Xiǎo Wáng nàxiē bǐ le.</del></span> (Ungrammatical)<br/> <span class="hanzi"><del>我送给小王那些笔了。</del></span><br/> (I gave those pens to Young Wang.)</li>
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