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  <p>Comparatives 比 with stative verbs and complements of</p>
  <p>degree</p>
  <p>比 bǐ to compare and 没有 méiyou not as...as are used with
  stative verbs to compare</p>
  <p>feelings and objects, while the „complement of degree‟
  construction is used when comparing</p>
  <p>two actions. We will be focusing on the following three
  sentence patterns in this section.</p>
  <p>1. To compare feelings</p>
  <p>Object A</p>
  <p>我</p>
  <p>wǒ</p>
  <p>Object B</p>
  <p>比/没有</p>
  <p>比/没有</p>
  <p>你</p>
  <p>bǐ/méiyou nǐ</p>
  <p>Feeling words (V-O)</p>
  <p>想</p>
  <p>家</p>
  <p>xiǎngjiā</p>
  <p>I’m more home-sick than you. / I’m not as home-sick as you
  are.</p>
  <p>Object A</p>
  <p>我</p>
  <p>wǒ</p>
  <p>Object B</p>
  <p>比/没有</p>
  <p>比/没有</p>
  <p>你</p>
  <p>bǐ/méiyou nǐ</p>
  <p>Feeling words (V)</p>
  <p>喜欢 学 习</p>
  <p>xǐhuān xuéxí</p>
  <p>I like studying more than you do. / I don’t like studying as
  much as you do.</p>
  <p>2. To To compare two objects</p>
  <p>Object A</p>
  <p>我 的 书</p>
  <p>wǒ de shū</p>
  <p>比/没有</p>
  <p>比/没有</p>
  <p>bǐ/méiyou</p>
  <p>Object B</p>
  <p>你(的 书)</p>
  <p>nǐ(de shū)</p>
  <p>Stative verb</p>
  <p>多</p>
  <p>duō</p>
  <p>I have more books than you. / I don’t have as many books as
  you do.</p>
  <p>81Elementary Chinese Grammar 基础汉语语法</p>
  <p>Object A</p>
  <p>比/没有</p>
  <p>我 昨 天 买 的 书</p>
  <p>比/没有</p>
  <p>wǒ zuótiān mǎi de shū bǐ/méiyou</p>
  <p>Object B</p>
  <p>你(昨 天 买 的 书 )</p>
  <p>nǐ (zuótiān mǎi de shū)</p>
  <p>2011</p>
  <p>Stative verb</p>
  <p>多</p>
  <p>duō</p>
  <p>Yesterday I bought more books than you. / Yesterday I didn’t
  buy as many books as you did.</p>
  <p>When the description of “object A” is clear, the description
  of “object B” can be omitted. The</p>
  <p>above example, comparing quantities of books (that I bought
  and you bought yesterday) can</p>
  <p>also be changed into a comparison of two actions by using the
  complement of degree</p>
  <p>construction.</p>
  <p>3. To compare two actions</p>
  <p>Action A</p>
  <p>我 昨 天 买 书</p>
  <p>wǒ zuótiān mǎi shū</p>
  <p>比/没有</p>
  <p>比/没有</p>
  <p>bǐ/méiyou</p>
  <p>Action B</p>
  <p>你 买 得</p>
  <p>nǐ mǎi de</p>
  <p>Result of action</p>
  <p>多</p>
  <p>duō</p>
  <p>Yesterday I bought more books than you did. / Yesterday I
  didn’t buy as many books as you</p>
  <p>did.</p>
  <p>You might have noticed that the complement of degree
  construction is divided into two parts</p>
  <p>in the above example. The topic, which consists of the SVO,
  appears in “Action A”, and the</p>
  <p>extent of the action appears in “Action B”. Let‟s look at some
  more examples.</p>
  <p>Action A</p>
  <p>我 写 汉 字</p>
  <p>wǒ xiě Hànzì</p>
  <p>比/没有</p>
  <p>比/没有</p>
  <p>bǐ/méiyou</p>
  <p>Action B</p>
  <p>你 写 得</p>
  <p>nǐ xiě de</p>
  <p>Result of action</p>
  <p>漂 亮</p>
  <p>piàoliàng</p>
  <p>I write Chinese characters more elegantly than you do. / I
  don’t write Chinese characters as</p>
  <p>elegantly as you do.</p>
  <p>The adverb 很 hěn very is not used in comparatives. If the
  expression “very much” is needed</p>
  <p>in a sentence, 多了 duōle much more can be added after the
  stative verb or any adverbs.</p>
  <p>82Elementary Chinese Grammar 基础汉语语法</p>
  <p>2011</p>
  <p>For example:</p>
  <p>Object A</p>
  <p>我 的 书</p>
  <p>wǒ de shū</p>
  <p>比</p>
  <p>比</p>
  <p>bǐ</p>
  <p>Object B</p>
  <p>你(的 书)</p>
  <p>nǐ(de shū) Stative verb + 多了</p>
  <p>多 多 了</p>
  <p>duō duōle</p>
  <p>Action B</p>
  <p>你 写 得</p>
  <p>nǐ xiě de Adverb + 多了</p>
  <p>漂 亮</p>
  <p>多 了</p>
  <p>piàoliàng duōle</p>
  <p>I have many more books than you.</p>
  <p>Action A</p>
  <p>我 写 汉 字</p>
  <p>wǒ xiě Hànzì</p>
  <p>比</p>
  <p>比</p>
  <p>bǐ</p>
  <p>I write Chinese characters much more elegantly than you
  do.</p>
  <p>更 gèng even more / less is placed before a verb to compare the
  feelings of two people. For</p>
  <p>example:</p>
  <p>Object A</p>
  <p>我</p>
  <p>wǒ</p>
  <p>比</p>
  <p>比</p>
  <p>bǐ</p>
  <p>Object B</p>
  <p>你</p>
  <p>nǐ Feeling words (V-O)</p>
  <p>更</p>
  <p>想</p>
  <p>家</p>
  <p>gèng xiǎngjiā</p>
  <p>Object B</p>
  <p>你</p>
  <p>nǐ Feeling words (V)</p>
  <p>更</p>
  <p>喜欢 学 习</p>
  <p>gèng xǐhuān xuéxí</p>
  <p>I’m even more home-sick than you.</p>
  <p>Object A</p>
  <p>我</p>
  <p>wǒ</p>
  <p>比</p>
  <p>比</p>
  <p>bǐ</p>
  <p>I like studying even more than you do.</p>
  <p>不比 bùbǐ not more than... is another negative comparative
  construction. The difference</p>
  <p>between 不比 bùbǐ sentences and 没有 méiyou sentences is that in a
  不比 bùbǐ sentence the</p>
  <p>quality of the object that appears before 不比 bùbǐ is not
  better than that of the object that</p>
  <p>appears after 不比 bùbǐ, but could be of the same quality.
  However, in 没有 méiyou</p>
  <p>sentences the quality of the object that appears before 没有
  méiyou is always worse than that</p>
  <p>of the object that appears after 没有 méiyou.</p>
  <p>83Elementary Chinese Grammar 基础汉语语法</p>
  <p>2011</p>
  <p>For example:</p>
  <p>Object A</p>
  <p>我 的 书</p>
  <p>wǒ de shū</p>
  <p>没有</p>
  <p>没有</p>
  <p>méiyou</p>
  <p>Object B</p>
  <p>你(的 书)</p>
  <p>nǐ(de shū)</p>
  <p>Stative verb</p>
  <p>多</p>
  <p>duō</p>
  <p>I don’t have as many books as you do. (You have more
  books.)</p>
  <p>Object A</p>
  <p>我 的 书</p>
  <p>wǒ de shū</p>
  <p>不比</p>
  <p>不比</p>
  <p>bùbǐ</p>
  <p>Object B</p>
  <p>你(的 书)</p>
  <p>nǐ(de shū)</p>
  <p>Stative verb</p>
  <p>多</p>
  <p>duō</p>
  <p>I don’t have more books than you. (I may have the same amount
  as you, but not more.)</p>
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