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  2. <!DOCTYPE html>
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  4. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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  5. <head>
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  6.   <meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy for HTML5 for Linux version 5.2.0"/>
    7. 

  7.   <title>Using "gen" to mean "with"</title>
    8. 

  8.   <link href="../Styles/main.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
    9. 

  9. </head>
    10. 

  10. 

  11. <body>
    12. 

  12.   <h1>Using "<span class="pinyinst">gēn</span>" "<span class="hanzist">跟</span>" to mean "with"</h1>
    13. 

  13. 

  14.   <p>Using <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>) to express "<b>with</b>" is so simple and helpful, after studying it briefly, it will always be with you! <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>) is a very common word that will help complete many other sentence structures.</p>
    15. 

  15. 

  16.   <h2 id="structure">Structure</h2>
    17. 

  17. 

  18.   <p>The preposition <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>) is commonly used to express "<b>with</b>." Just remember that the "<b>with</b>" phrase comes <span class="fondjaune">before</span> the verb.</p>
    19. 

  19. 

  20.   <div class="deux">
    21. 

  21.     <p>Subj. + <span class="hanzi">跟</span> + Person + Verb + Obj.</p>
    22. 

  22.   </div>
    23. 

  23. 

  24.   <p>The word <span class="hanzi">一起</span> (<span class="pinyin">yīqǐ</span>) is used a lot with <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>), expressing the idea of "<b>doing something together with somebody.</b>" It may seem kind of redundant, but it's totally normal in Chinese to use both.</p>
    25. 

  25. 

  26.   <p>Also, for most of the examples below, <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>) is interchangeable with <span class="hanzi">和</span> (<span class="pinyin">hé</span>), which you may remember, also means "<a href="and" class="uri" title="wikilink">and</a>," just like <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>) does.</p>
    27. 

  27. 

  28.   <div class="deux">
    29. 

  29.     <p>Subj. + <span class="hanzist">跟</span> + Person + <span class="hanzist">一起</span> + Verb + Obj.</p>
    30. 

  30.   </div>
    31. 

  31. 

  32.   <p>Certain Chinese verbs use <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>) a lot, so be on the lookout for them (examples below)!</p>
    33. 

  33. 

  34.   <h2 id="examples">Examples</h2>
    35. 

  35. 

  36.   <div class="exemple">
    37. 

  37.     <ul>
    38. 

  38.       <li><span class="hanzi">我 昨天 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span> 朋友 <span class="fondvert">去</span> 海滩 了。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Wǒ zuótiān <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> péngyou <span class="fondvert">qù</span> hǎitān le.</span> <br/>I went to the beach with friends yesterday.</li>
    39. 

  39. 

  40.       <li><span class="hanzi">不要 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span> 我 <span class="fondvert">说话</span>！</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Bùyào <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> wǒ <span class="fondvert">shuōhuà</span>!</span><br/> Don't talk to me!</li>
    41. 

  41. 

  42.       <li><span class="hanzi">我 明天 要 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span> 新 客户 <span class="fondvert">见面</span>。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Wǒ míngtiān yào <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> xīn kèhù <span class="fondvert">jiànmiàn</span> </span> <br/>I'm going to meet new clients tomorrow.</li>
    43. 

  43. 

  44.       <li><span class="hanzi">你 什么 时候 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span> 你 女朋友 <span class="fondvert">结婚</span>？</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Nǐ shénme shíhou <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> nǐ nǚpéngyou <span class="fondvert">jiéhūn</span>?</span><br/> When are you gonna marry your girlfriend?</li>
    45. 

  45. 

  46.       <li><span class="hanzi">你 喜欢 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span> 你 父母 <span class="fondvert">聊天</span> 吗？</span> <br/><span class="pinyin">Nǐ xǐhuan <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> nǐ fùmǔ <span class="fondvert">liáotiān</span> ma?</span><br/> Do you like to talk with your parents?</li>
    47. 

  47. 

  48.       <li><span class="hanzi">你 想 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span> 我 <span class="fondvert">一起 去</span> 吗？</span> <br/><span class="pinyin">Nǐ xiǎng <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> wǒ <span class="fondvert">yīqǐ qù</span> ma?</span> <br/>Do you want to go with me?</li>
    49. 

  49. 

  50.       <li><span class="hanzi">请 你们 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span> 老师 <span class="fondvert">一起 读</span>。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Qǐng nǐmen <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> lǎoshī <span class="fondvert">yīqǐ dú</span>.</span><br/> Please read together with the teacher.</li>
    51. 

  51. 

  52.       <li><span class="hanzi">下 周 谁 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span>老板 <span class="fondvert">一起 出差</span>？</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Xià zhōu shéi <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> lǎobǎn <span class="fondvert">yīqǐ chūchāi</span> </span> <br/>Who is going on a business trip together with the boss next week?</li>
    53. 

  53. 

  54.       <li><span class="hanzi">结婚 以后，你 想 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span> 父母 <span class="fondvert">一起 住</span> 吗？</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Jiéhūn yǐhòu, nǐ xiǎng <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> fùmǔ <span class="fondvert">yīqǐ zhù</span> ma?</span> <br/>Do you want live together with your parents after you get married?</li>
    55. 

  55. 

  56.       <li><span class="hanzi">今年 中秋节 你 会 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span> 家人 <span class="fondvert">一起 过</span> 吗？</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Jīnnián Zhōngqiūjié nǐ huì <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> jiārén <span class="fondvert">yīqǐ guò</span> ma?</span><br/> Are you going to spend this Mid-Autumn Festival with your family?</li>
    57. 

  57.     </ul>
    58. 

  58.   </div>
    59. 

  59. 

  60.   <p>Note: One of the most common beginner mistakes is to fail to use <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>) with <span class="hanzi">见面</span> (<span class="pinyin">jiànmiàn</span>), "<b>to meet</b>." It might help to think of <span class="hanzi">见面</span> (<span class="pinyin">jiànmiàn</span>) as "<b>to meet with (somebody)</b>," the "<b>with</b>" cluing you into the fact that you need a <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>) in there. The verbs <span class="hanzi">结婚</span> (<span class="pinyin">jiéhūn</span>), "<b>to marry</b>," and <span class="hanzi">聊天</span> (<span class="pinyin">liáotiān</span>), "<b>to chat</b>" are used with <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>) in the exact same way.</p>
    61. 

  61. 

  62.   <p>Check out the examples below:</p>
    63. 

  63. 

  64.   <div class="exemple">
    65. 

  65.     <ul>
    66. 

  66.       <li><span class="hanzi"><strike>我 要 <span class="fondorange">见面</span> 你。</strike></span><br/><span class="pinyin"><strike>Wǒ yào <span class="fondorange">jiànmiàn</span> nǐ.</strike></span></li>
    67. 

  67. 

  68.       <li><span class="hanzi">我 要 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span> 你 <span class="fondvert">见面</span>。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Wǒ yào <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> nǐ <span class="fondvert">jiànmiàn</span> </span> <br/>I want to meet with you.</li>
    69. 

  69. 

  70.       <li><span class="hanzi"><strike>我 昨天 <span class="fondorange">见面</span> 他 了。</strike></span><br/><span class="pinyin"><strike>Wǒ zuótiān <span class="fondorange">jiànmiàn</span> tā le.</strike></span></li>
    71. 

  71. 

  72.       <li><span class="hanzi">我 昨天 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span> 他 <span class="fondvert">见面</span> 了。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Wǒ zuótiān <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> tā <span class="fondvert">jiànmiàn</span> le.</span> <br/>I met with him yesterday.</li>
    73. 

  73. 

  74.       <li><span class="hanzi"><strike>你 什么时候 <span class="fondorange">见面</span> 她 ？</strike></span><br/><span class="pinyin"><strike>Nǐ shénme shíhou <span class="fondorange">jiànmiàn</span> tā?</strike></span></li>
    75. 

  75. 

  76.       <li><span class="hanzi">你 什么时候 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span> 她 <span class="fondvert">见面</span> ？</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Nǐ shénme shíhou <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> tā <span class="fondvert">jiànmiàn</span>?</span><br/> When are you going to meet with her?</li>
    77. 

  77. 

  78.       <li><span class="hanzi"><strike>明天 我 要 <span class="fondorange">见面</span> 我 男朋友 的 家人。</strike></span><br/><span class="pinyin"><strike>Míngtiān wǒ yào <span class="fondorange">jiànmiàn</span> wǒ nánpéngyou de jiārén.</strike></span></li>
    79. 

  79. 

  80.       <li><span class="hanzi">明天 我 要 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span> 我 男朋友 的 家人 <span class="fondvert">见面</span>。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Míngtiān wǒ yào <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> wǒ nánpéngyou de jiārén <span class="fondvert">jiànmiàn</span> </span> <br/>Tomorrow I am going to meet my boyfriend's family.</li>
    81. 

  81. 

  82.       <li><span class="hanzi"><strike>你 有没有 <span class="fondorange">见面</span> 过 Obama?</strike> </span><br/><span class="pinyin"><strike>Nǐ yǒu méiyǒu <span class="fondorange">jiànmiàn</span> guo Obama?</strike></span></li>
    83. 

  83. 

  84.       <li><span class="hanzi">你 有没有 <span class="fondjaune">跟</span> Obama <span class="fondvert">见 过 面</span>？</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Nǐ yǒu méiyǒu <span class="fondjaune">gēn</span> Obama <span class="fondvert">jiàn guo miàn</span> </span> <br/>Have you ever met Obama?</li>
    85. 

  85.     </ul>
    86. 

  86.   </div>
    87. 

  87. 

  88.   <p>Later on you'll learn more about <b>why this is the case</b>, but for now just memorize the correct pattern.</p>
    89. 

  89. 

  90.   <h2 id="where-和-hé-and-跟-gēn-differ">Where <span class="hanzist">和</span> (<span class="pinyinst">hé</span>) and <span class="hanzist">跟</span> (<span class="pinyinst">gēn</span>) Differ</h2>
    91. 

  91. 

  92.   <p>We mentioned earlier that <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>) is essentially interchangeable with <span class="hanzi">和</span> (<span class="pinyin">hé</span>). There's at least one common usage where this is not the case, though:</p>
    93. 

  93. 

  94.   <div class="exemple">
    95. 

  95.     <ul>
    96. 

  96.       <li><span class="hanzi"><strike><span class="fondorange">和</span> 我 读 。</strike></span><br/><span class="pinyin"><strike><span class="fondorange">Hé</span> wǒ dú.</strike></span></li>
    97. 

  97. 

  98.       <li><span class="hanzi"><span class="fondjaune">跟</span> 我 读 。</span><br/><span class="pinyin"><span class="fondjaune">Gēn</span> wǒ dú.</span> <br/>Read after me.</li>
    99. 

  99.     </ul>
    100. 

  100.   </div>
    101. 

  101. 

  102.   <p>The reason is that although <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>) and <span class="hanzi">和</span> (<span class="pinyin">hé</span>) can both mean "<b>and</b>" or "<b>with</b>," the word <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>) also has a sense of "<b>to follow</b>" embedded in it. There's a before/after aspect.</p>
    103. 

  103. 

  104.   <p>The following sentences are both correct, because they're simultaneous rather than before/after:</p>
    105. 

  105. 

  106.   <div class="exemple">
    107. 

  107.     <ul>
    108. 

  108.       <li><span class="hanzi"><span class="fondvert">和</span> 我 <span class="fondvert">一起</span> 读。</span><br/><span class="pinyin"><span class="fondvert">Hé</span> wǒ <span class="fondvert">yīqǐ</span> dú.</span></li>
    109. 

  109. 

  110.       <li><span class="hanzi">跟 我 <span class="fondvert">一起</span> 读。</span><br/><span class="pinyin">Gēn wǒ <span class="fondvert">yīqǐ</span> dú.</span><br/> Read with me.</li>
    111. 

  111.     </ul>
    112. 

  112.   </div>
    113. 

  113. 

  114.   <p>Because of this slight difference between <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>) and <span class="hanzi">和</span> (<span class="pinyin">hé</span>), it's recommended to start out using <span class="hanzi">跟</span> (<span class="pinyin">gēn</span>) to mean "<b>with</b>."</p>
    115. 

  115. 

  116.   <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
    117. 

  117. 

  118.   <ul>
    119. 

  119.     <li><a href="Expressing_&quot;together&quot;_with_&quot;yiqi&quot;" title="wikilink">Expressing "together" with "yiqi"</a></li>
    120. 

  120. 

  121.     <li><a href="Verbs_with_&quot;gei&quot;" title="wikilink">Verbs with "gei"</a></li>
    122. 

  122. 

  123.     <li><a href="Using_&quot;dui&quot;" title="wikilink">Using "dui"</a></li>
    124. 

  124. 

  125.     <li><a href="Expressing_&quot;and&quot;_with_&quot;he&quot;" title="wikilink">Expressing "and" with "he"</a></li>
    126. 

  126.   </ul>
    127. 

  127. 

  128.   <h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further reading</h2>
    129. 

  129. 

  130.   <h3 id="books">Books</h3>
    131. 

  131. 

  132.   <ul>
    133. 

  133.     <li>Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar: A Practical Guide (p.84, p.88)</li>
    134. 

  134. 

  135.     <li>Integrated Chinese: Level 1, Part 1 (pp.166-167)</li>
    136. 

  136.   </ul>
    137. 

  137. </body>
    138. 

  138. </html>
    139.