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ChineseGrammarWiki


			
				
					
						
						
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<p>For events that happened in the immediate past, in English we
use the word "just." For example, if you pass a turn you were
supposed to make, you might say, "I <em>just</em> passed it!" In
Chinese, "just" can be expressed with 刚 (gāng) or 刚刚
(gānggāng).</p>
<h2 id="expressing-just-happened">Expressing "Just" Happened</h2>
<h3 id="structure">Structure</h3>
<p>刚 (gāng) expresses an action that happened not long ago. 刚刚
(gānggāng) is used the same way, with the same meaning.</p>
<div class="jiegou">
<p>Subj. + 刚 + Verb</p>
</div>
<p>or</p>
<div class="jiegou">
<p>Subj. + 刚刚 + Verb</p>
</div>
<h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>
<div class="liju">
<ul>
<li>我们 <em>刚</em> 知道。<span class="pinyin">Wǒmen <em>gāng</em>
zhīdào.</span><span class="trans">We just found out.</span></li>
<li>她们 <em>刚</em> 走。<span class="pinyin">Tāmen <em>gāng</em>
zǒu.</span><span class="trans">They just left.</span></li>
<li>老板 <em>刚刚</em> 到 办公室。 <span class="pinyin">Lǎobǎn
<em>gānggāng</em> dào bàngōngshì.</span><span class="trans">The
boss just arrived at the office.</span></li>
<li>我 老婆 <em>刚</em> 生 完 孩子。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ lǎopo
<em>gāng</em> shēng wán háizi.</span><span class="trans">My wife
just finished giving birth to our baby.</span></li>
<li>你 <em>刚刚</em> 下班 吗？<span class="pinyin">Nǐ <em>gānggāng</em>
xiàbān ma?</span> <span class="trans">Did you just get off
work?</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 id="just-within-a-specific-time-period">"Just" Within a
Specific Time Period</h2>
<p>This more complicated use of 刚 (gāng) is not nearly as essential
as the one above, but you may find it useful to specify just
<em>when</em> the event "just" occurred, specifically.</p>
<h3 id="structure-1">Structure</h3>
<p>刚 (gāng) can also express "from the time an action happens until
the present time."</p>
<div class="jiegou">
<p>Subj. + 刚 + Verb (+ Obj.) + Duration</p>
</div>
<p>Note that although we need to say "ago" in English, in this
pattern there's no need for a word that means "ago."</p>
<h3 id="examples-1">Examples</h3>
<div class="liju">
<ul>
<li>我 <em>刚</em> 认识 她 <strong>十 天</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ
<em>gāng</em> rènshi tā <strong>shí
tiān</strong>.</span><span class="trans">I just met her ten days
ago.</span></li>
<li>他 <em>刚</em> 来 中国 <strong>两 个 月</strong>。<span class=
"pinyin">Tā <em>gāng</em> lái Zhōngguó <strong>liǎng gè
yuè</strong>.</span><span class="trans">He just got to China two
months ago.</span></li>
<li>我 弟弟 <em>刚</em> 工作 <strong>半年</strong>。<span class="pinyin">Wǒ
dìdi <em>gāng</em> gōngzuò <strong>bàn nián</strong>
.</span><span class="trans">My younger brother just started working
half a year ago.</span></li>
<li>她 <em>刚</em> 结婚 <strong>三 个 月</strong> 。 <span class=
"pinyin">Tā <em>gāng</em> jiéhūn <strong>sān gè
yuè</strong>.</span><span class="trans">She just got married three
months ago.</span></li>
<li>我 的 车 <em>刚</em> 买 <strong>两 天</strong>，开 的时候 小心 点。<span class=
"pinyin">Wǒ de chē <em>gāng</em> mǎi <strong>liǎng tiān</strong>,
kāi de shíhou xiǎoxīn diǎn.</span><span class="trans">I just bought
the car two days ago. Be careful when you drive.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="&quot;Just_now&quot;_with_&quot;gangcai&quot;" title=
"wikilink">"Just now" with "gangcai"</a></li>
<li><a href="Comparing_&quot;gang&quot;_and_&quot;gangcai&quot;"
title="wikilink">Comparing "gang" and "gangcai"</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further
reading</h2>
<h3 id="books">Books</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href=
"%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D%EF%BC%88%E5%A2%9E%E8%AE%A2%E6%9C%AC%EF%BC%89"
class="uri" title="wikilink">现代汉语八百词（增订本）</a> (p. 216)<a href=
"http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1345693275&amp;sr=8-1">→buy</a></li>
<li><a href=
"%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%8D%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87"
class="uri" title="wikilink">卓越汉语－公司实战篇</a> (p. 239) <a href=
"http://www.amazon.cn/%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD-%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87-%E8%83%A1%E7%81%B5%E5%9D%87/dp/B003QZWQ6M/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1347863170&amp;sr=8-1">
→buy</a></li>
<li><a href="Chinese:_An_Essential_Grammar,_Second_Edition" title=
"wikilink">Chinese: An Essential Grammar, Second Edition</a> (p.
81) <a href=
"http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0415372615/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=allset-20&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;camp=217145&amp;creative=399369&amp;creativeASIN=0415372615">
→buy</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a href="Category:A2_grammar_points" title=
"wikilink">Category:A2 grammar points</a></p>
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