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Grammar-wiki-B2-120.txt.html

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  1. 

  2. <p>Both 突然 (tūrán) and 忽然 (hūrán) express the something happens in a very short time or is unexpected. Both can be translated as &quot;unexpectedly&quot; or &quot;surprisingly,&quot; however, 突然 is a bit harsher in tone while 忽然 is a bit softer. Also, their grammatical features are subtly different, as outlined in this article.</p>
    3. 

  3. <h2 id="both-突然-and-忽然-can-be-used-as-adverbs">Both 突然 and 忽然 can be used as Adverbs</h2>
    4. 

  4. <p>突然 and 忽然 both can put in the sentence as <a href="adverb" title="wikilink">adverbs</a> or <a href="adjective" title="wikilink">adjectives</a>, just make sure to put them before the verb or the adjective!</p>
    5. 

  5. <h3 id="before-a-verb">Before a Verb</h3>
    6. 

  6. <div class="jiegou">
    7. 

  7. <p>突然／忽然 + Verb</p>
    8. 

  8. </div>
    9. 

  9. <h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>
    10. 

  10. <div class="liju">
    11. 

  11. <ul>
    12. 

  12. <li>睡觉 的 时候，我 的 电话<em>突然</em> 响了。<span class="trans">While I was sleeping, my phone suddenly started to ring.</span></li>
    13. 

  13. <li>睡觉 的 时候，我 的 电话<em>忽然</em> 响了。<span class="trans">While I was sleeping, my phone suddenly started to ring.</span></li>
    14. 

  14. <li>他 说着说着<em>突然</em> 不 说 了。 <span class="trans">He was talking and talking, and suddenly stopped.</span></li>
    15. 

  15. <li>他 说着说着<em>忽然</em> 不 说 了。 <span class="trans">He was talking and talking, and suddenly stopped.</span></li>
    16. 

  16. </ul>
    17. 

  17. </div>
    18. 

  18. <h3 id="before-an-adjective">Before an Adjective</h3>
    19. 

  19. <div class="jiegou">
    20. 

  20. <p>突然／忽然 + Adj.</p>
    21. 

  21. </div>
    22. 

  22. <h3 id="examples-1">Examples</h3>
    23. 

  23. <div class="liju">
    24. 

  24. <ul>
    25. 

  25. <li>天 <em>突然</em> 暗 了。</li>
    26. 

  26. <li>天 <em>忽然</em> 暗 了。</li>
    27. 

  27. <li><span class="trans">The sky suddenly got dark.</span></li>
    28. 

  28. <li>灯 <em>突然</em> 不 亮 了。</li>
    29. 

  29. <li>灯 <em>忽然</em> 不 亮 了。</li>
    30. 

  30. <li><span class="trans">The lights suddenly went out</span></li>
    31. 

  31. </ul>
    32. 

  32. </div>
    33. 

  33. <h3 id="at-the-beginning-of-a-sentence">At the Beginning of a Sentence</h3>
    34. 

  34. <p>You can place 突然 and 忽然 at the beginning of a sentence, just make sure to add a comma after it!</p>
    35. 

  35. <h3 id="structure">Structure</h3>
    36. 

  36. <div class="jiegou">
    37. 

  37. <p>突然／忽然，⋯⋯</p>
    38. 

  38. </div>
    39. 

  39. <h3 id="examples-2">Examples</h3>
    40. 

  40. <div class="liju">
    41. 

  41. <ul>
    42. 

  42. <li><em>突然</em>，他 进来 了。</li>
    43. 

  43. <li><em>忽然</em>，他 进来 了。</li>
    44. 

  44. <li><span class="trans">Suddenly, he entered.</span></li>
    45. 

  45. </ul>
    46. 

  46. </div>
    47. 

  47. <h2 id="突然-can-be-used-as-an-adjective">突然 can be used as an Adjective</h2>
    48. 

  48. <p>突然 can be used as an <a href="adjective" class="uri" title="wikilink">adjective</a> (directly modifying <a href="noun" title="wikilink">nouns</a>), while 忽然 <em>cannot</em>.</p>
    49. 

  49. <h3 id="structure-as-an-adjective">Structure as an Adjective</h3>
    50. 

  50. <div class="jiegou">
    51. 

  51. <p>突然 + (的) + Noun</p>
    52. 

  52. </div>
    53. 

  53. <h3 id="examples-3">Examples</h3>
    54. 

  54. <div class="liju">
    55. 

  55. <ul>
    56. 

  56. <li>这 是 一 场 <em>突然</em> 事故，我们 都 没 想到。<span class="trans">This was a sudden accident. None of us thought it could happen.</span></li>
    57. 

  57. <li>你 知道 怎么 处理 这 种 <em>突然</em> 的 情况 吗？<span class="trans">Do you know how to handle this kind of sudden situation?</span></li>
    58. 

  58. </ul>
    59. 

  59. </div>
    60. 

  60. <h2 id="突然-can-be-used-as-a-complement">突然 can be used as a complement</h2>
    61. 

  61. <p>突然 as an adjective can also be used as a <a href="complement" class="uri" title="wikilink">complement</a> (called 补语 in Chinese). 忽然 cannot be used as a complement.</p>
    62. 

  62. <h3 id="structure-for-verb-and-complement">Structure for verb and complement</h3>
    63. 

  63. <div class="jiegou">
    64. 

  64. <p>Subj. + Verb + 得 + 突然</p>
    65. 

  65. </div>
    66. 

  66. <h3 id="examples-4">Examples</h3>
    67. 

  67. <div class="liju">
    68. 

  68. <ul>
    69. 

  69. <li>事情 发生 得 太 <em>突然</em>，我们 不 知道 怎么 办。<span class="trans">Things happened so suddenly, we didn't know what to do.</span></li>
    70. 

  70. <li>这 场 雨 下 得 太 <em>突然</em>，都 淋湿 了。<span class="trans">This rain fell so suddenly, everything got soaked.</span></li>
    71. 

  71. </ul>
    72. 

  72. </div>
    73. 

  73. <h2 id="突然-can-be-used-as-the-predicate">突然 can be used as the predicate</h2>
    74. 

  74. <p>Just like other adjectives, 突然 can be used as the predicate of a sentence. It is usually added with a modifier like 很, 非常, 不 etc. It can also end with 得很, 得多, 极了, etc. complements.</p>
    75. 

  75. <h3 id="structure-with-modifier-突然">Structure with modifier + 突然</h3>
    76. 

  76. <div class="jiegou">
    77. 

  77. <p>Subj. + Modifier + 突然</p>
    78. 

  78. </div>
    79. 

  79. <h3 id="examples-5">Examples</h3>
    80. 

  80. <div class="liju">
    81. 

  81. <ul>
    82. 

  82. <li>这 个 决定 太 <em>突然</em> 了。<span class="trans">This decision was too sudden.</span></li>
    83. 

  83. <li>对 她 来说，这 次 升职 其实 不 <em>突然</em>。<span class="trans">To her, this promotion wasn't actually surprising.</span></li>
    84. 

  84. </ul>
    85. 

  85. </div>
    86. 

  86. <h3 id="structure-with-突然-modifier">Structure with 突然 + modifier</h3>
    87. 

  87. <div class="jiegou">
    88. 

  88. <p>Subj. + 突然 + Modifier</p>
    89. 

  89. </div>
    90. 

  90. <h3 id="examples-6">Examples</h3>
    91. 

  91. <div class="liju">
    92. 

  92. <ul>
    93. 

  93. <li>离开 上海 <em>突然</em> 得 很。<span class="trans">Leaving Shanghai is really surprising.</span></li>
    94. 

  94. <li>这 次 生病 比 上 次 <em>突然</em> 得 多。<span class="trans">Getting sick this time is much more surprising than the last time.</span></li>
    95. 

  95. </ul>
    96. 

  96. </div>
    97. 

  97. <h2 id="example-of-right-and-wrong-sentences">Example of right and wrong sentences</h2>
    98. 

  98. <div class="liju">
    99. 

  99. <ul>
    100. 

  100. <li>这 个 决定 很 <em>忽然</em>。</li>
    101. 

  101. <li>这 个 决定 很 <em>突然</em>。 <span class="expl">突然 can be a predicate, while 忽然 cannot.</span></li>
    102. 

  102. <li>一切 发生 得 太 <em>忽然</em>。</li>
    103. 

  103. <li>一切 发生 得 太 <em>突然</em>。 <span class="expl">突然 can be a complement, but 忽然 cannot.</span></li>
    104. 

  104. </ul>
    105. 

  105. </div>
    106. 

  106. <h2 id="example-dialog">Example Dialog</h2>
    107. 

  107. <div class="liju">
    108. 

  108. <ul>
    109. 

  109. <li>A: 我 正在 睡觉，<em>忽然</em> 电话响了，是 Amy 打 来 的。<span class="trans">I was sleeping, when suddenly the phone rang. It was Amy.</span></li>
    110. 

  110. <li>B: 她 说 什么？<span class="trans">What did she say?</span></li>
    111. 

  111. <li>A: 她 结婚 了。<span class="trans">She got married.</span></li>
    112. 

  112. <li>B: 啊，这 个 消息 太<em>突然</em> 了。<span class="trans">Oh, this news is really sudden.</span></li>
    113. 

  113. </ul>
    114. 

  114. </div>
    115. 

  115. <h2 id="sources-and-further-reading">Sources and further reading</h2>
    116. 

  116. <h3 id="books">Books</h3>
    117. 

  117. <ul>
    118. 

  118. <li><a href="现代汉语八百词（增订本）" class="uri" title="wikilink">现代汉语八百词（增订本）</a> (突然 p.540) <a href="http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B001198GSW/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1345693275&amp;sr=8-1">→buy</a></li>
    119. 

  119. </ul>
    120. 

  120. <ul>
    121. 

  121. <li><a href="现代汉语虚词例释" class="uri" title="wikilink">现代汉语虚词例释</a> (忽然p.247)<a href="http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%85%AB%E7%99%BE%E8%AF%8D/dp/B004323J90/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1345693275&amp;sr=8-1">→buy</a></li>
    122. 

  122. </ul>
    123. 

  123. <ul>
    124. 

  124. <li><a href="Integrated_Chinese:_Level_2,_Part_2" title="wikilink">Integrated Chinese: Level 2, Part 2</a> (pp. 231-2) <a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0887276881/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=allset-20&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=0887276881">→buy</a></li>
    125. 

  125. </ul>
    126. 

  126. <ul>
    127. 

  127. <li><a href="Chinese_Grammar_-_Broken_down_into_100_items_-_Basic_and_Intermediate_Levels_(汉语语法百项讲练_-_初中级)" title="wikilink">Chinese Grammar - Broken down into 100 items - Basic and Intermediate Levels (汉语语法百项讲练 - 初中级)</a>(突然 忽然p.113)<a href="http://www.amazon.cn/gp/product/B004WA6JSQ/ref%3das_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=allset-23&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;camp=536&amp;creative=3132&amp;creativeASIN=B004WA6JSQ">→buy</a></li>
    128. 

  128. </ul>
    129. 

  129. <h3 id="dictionaries">Dictionaries</h3>
    130. 

  130. <ul>
    131. 

  131. <li><a href="现代汉语词典（第5版）" class="uri" title="wikilink">现代汉语词典（第5版）</a> (忽然p.574 突然p.1378) <a href="http://www.amazon.cn/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8/dp/B001B1RZCI/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1345693609&amp;sr=8-1">→buy</a></li>
    132. 

  132. </ul>
    133. 

  133. <p>      </p>
    134. 

  134. <p><a href="Category:grammar_comparison" title="wikilink">Category:grammar comparison</a></p>
    135.